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as "virtually afraid of everything, uneasy to talk to foreigners, and not daring to look anyone in the face". Other traits was a deep religious devotion: he was God-fearing, frequently prayed kneeling and attended sermons. Magalotti otherwise described the king's main pursuits as hunting, the
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but was increasingly distressed by the personal rivalries among the individual members, which constantly undermined the academy's dedication to collective research. Gradually, Magalotti lost interest in science. He became a traveller, an ambassador, and ended up as a poet. He translated
1755:
Conchrane, E. (1973) Florence in the
Forgotten Centuries 1527â1800. A History of Florence and the Florentines in the Age of the Grand Dukes. Book IV Florence in the 1680s. How Lorenzo Magalotti looked in vain for a vocation and finally settled down to sniffing
737:. Magalotti found Spain to be bankrupt and demoralised, proud and lavish. Its learning hopelessly out of touch with the rest of Europe; its religion consisted largely of elaborate processions, gaudy reliquaries, and fables. None of the professors at the
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After 1670, Florentine science changed somewhat in character. Magalotti was unsure whether many of Cosimo's projects were worth the huge sums spent by the Grand Duke. For instance, Cosimo aspired to convert
England, northern Germany and India to
621:. While the inns were less abundant, Cosimo spent the night in a farmhouse, where they could "talk with the cows" in the stable. The travelling became harder because of all the marshes and mud. Magalotti did not go along and went to London.
887:, whose essays and poetry Magalotti was to study so attentively in later years. Cosimo picked up a few painting he had ordered. Actually, he saw Rembrandt a few months before the painter died. Then they went to Haarlem, Alkmaar, Hoorn,
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was as intractable as ever, he headed on 18 September, from
Livorno for another journey to Spain. Magalotti, as a member of the retinue of 27 men, was given the job of keeping a diary. Magalotti promised to send catalogues and books to
653:, quickly overcame their initial disappointment in finding the society somewhat less formally organised than they had expected. Magalotti was greatly disillusioned about his reception by the King. The two men made a seven-day trip to
752:. While Lorenzo Magalotti limits himself to offering us a general view, Filippo Corsini describes in detail the Portuguese defensive system, keeping in mind even the names of some military men who distinguished themselves in the
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While it is difficult to make out who went where with whom, and supposedly, the somewhat shy, pious, and taciturn Cosimo never went somewhere without company, an excerpt of the diary of Cosimo's visits is following here.
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On 20 May 1660, Lorenzo
Magalotti had replaced Segni, and a few years later he wrote the only publication of the academy, the Saggi di naturali Esperienze ("Essays on Natural Experiments").
96:
Magalotti received four years of education at the
Collegio Romano and three years at the University of Pisa. He studied law and medicine, but changed to mathematics under
42:
Magalotti was born in Rome into an aristocratic family, the son of
Ottavio Magalotti, Prefect of the Pontifical Mail: his uncle Lorenzo Magalotti was a member of the
476:. They did not understand a word, but it had been attractive to watch. The pit was almost empty, while no others were invited. On 12 January, he attended the prince
665:. When Magalotti became ill Boyle visited him and sat by his bedside for two or three hours daily. One of the main purposes of the trip had been fully realised.
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and from then on, until his death he made a point of getting to know all the practising artists of the city. In 1665, he held a wide ranging interview with the
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Lorenzo
Magalotti at the court of Charles II: his Relazione d'Inghilterra of 1668 / Lorenzo Magalotti ; W.E. Knowles Middleton, editor & translator
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travelled in a group of 18 people and 14 carriages, accompanied by six cooks and his secretary
Appolonio Bassetti. On 28 October 1667, they had arrived in
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in 1669, Magalotti painted a view of the house during the two-day stay, which is one of various images to be found in an illustrated manuscript in the
713:, a dirty librarian, who did not care about his looks. From Barcelona they travelled to Madrid where he spent a month; It is supposed the 8-year-old
190:
1440:
Borderlines or
Interfaces in the Life and Work of Robert Boyle (1627â1691): The authorship of Protestant and Papist revisited by D. Thorburn Burns
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And a score of prominent scholars and one real king was not a bad record for a thirty-year-old tourist of as yet no particular accomplishment.
1762:(1919) De twee reizen van Cosimo de' Medici, prins van Toscane door de Nederlanden. (n.b. including several diaries on the trip in Italian)
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described him as "a very jolly and good comely man". Cosimo was amiably welcomed by the
Universities of Oxford and Cambridge and at
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as part of the wool and cloth industries, merchandise that was sold to "the West Indies, Spain, France and Italy". They met the
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he bought four paintings. The duke preferenced small paintings, obviously easier to pack. Around Christmas, he visited some
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274:. But instead of attempting one, he amused himself with the obviously ridiculous thesis that the tail of the comet was an
756:. In general the Prince preferred to lodge in religious institutions and frequently chatted with the priests. It was the
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In the 17th century, many visitors came to Holland to see collections of paintings or rarities. The duke paid a visit to
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Receiving courtesies from wise and learned men is ample recompense for all the trouble and money spent on travelling.
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Travels of Cosmo the Third, Grand Duke of Tuscany, through England during the Reign of King Charles the Second 1669
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from the right angle and in a more natural and round shape. On the last day of his stay in Amsterdam he ordered a
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1028:. Magalotti decided that he was better suited for some sort of intellectual activity. In 1709 he was elected a
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that most aroused the curiosity of the Florentines. The Prince and his court left the Portuguese territory from
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326:, an architect, he made plans to visit Northern Europe. The academy found itself suddenly all but memberless.
100:. On 19 June 1657 the Cimento was founded by a group of philosophers and amateurs, pupils of Galilei, who saw
1350:
Israel, J. (1995) The Dutch Republic, Its Rise Greatness, and Fall 1477â1806. Clarendon Press Oxford, p. 877.
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903:. (Tromp married in 1640 Cornelia van Teding Berkhout, his third wife; she died in Delft in 1680.) Via
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A patron of the arts, Cosimo visited fifteen painters over a four-month period: the Leiden painters
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As early as 1664 he had been appointed to the commission charged with supervising the decoration of
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Radical Enlightenment: Philosophy and the Making of Modernity 1650â1750 by Jonathan Irvine Israel
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717:, by then hardly able to speak and walk, received him in a private interview. Then they went to
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Vermeer and the Delft School by Walter A. Liedtke, Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.)
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880:
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228:, better known as Steno, arrived from Copenhagen by way of Leiden and Paris early in 1666. The
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and the First Italian Edition of a Confucian Classic", in Zhang Gaoheng; et al. (eds.),
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Medicine was, without doubt, the talked-about subject of the day. The young Danish anatomist
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Illustration from Steno's 1667 paper comparing the teeth of a shark head with a fossil tooth
128:. The astronomers of the Cimento succeeded in providing the first sustained confirmation of
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sent him a calculating machine and his loudspeaker. Cosimo became a dedicated Anglophile.
8:
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1128:[Journey of Fr. Johann Grueber Returning across the Earth from China to Europe],
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39:(24 October 1637 â 2 March 1712) was an Italian philosopher, author, diplomat and poet.
1405:"Chapter 13 The Plantin House as a Tourist Attraction, The Golden Compasses, Leon Voet"
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531:. At Swammerdam, who studied all kinds of insects, and knew almost everything about
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Because Cosimo's wife, the beautiful, vivacious, headstrong and thoroughly spoiled
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398:, keen on keeping a private life, living with the Tuscan merchant and slave-trader
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282:'s much more penetrating and much better-informed explanation, he admitted that he
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97:
1767:
Lorenzo Magalotti at the Court of Charles II: His Relazione DâInghilterra of 1668
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1330:
Liedtke, W. (2007) Dutch Painting in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, p. 512, 518.
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Miscellaneous Notices of the Empire of China and Some Other Adjacent Countries...
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834:. Cosimo later called at Wright's studio where he commissioned a portrait of the
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of 1664 could have made an important contribution to an explanation of the whole
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Magalotti knew as well as anyone that a scientifically valid explanation of the
193:, an astronomer regularly attended its meetings. These were usually held in the
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to see some good paintings and met with the widow and nobly three daughters of
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Notizie Varie dell' Imperio della China e di Qualche Altro Paese Adiacente...
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for much of the next century. In 1667 Magalotti had made a pilgrimage to the
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they set off for England. Because of an uncomfortable storm they arrived in
480:, who was only 17 at that time and performed in the ballet on that evening.
1646:
Susana Gomez Lopez, "The Royal Society and Post-Galilean Science in Italy"
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Conchrane, E. (1973) Florence in the Forgotten Centuries 1527â1800, p. 255.
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In May 1678 he went home. In 1680 his brother found him a rich widow in
382:. On 19 December they arrived in Amsterdam. On his first day he saw the
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The cook and the lacemaker by Netscher can still be seen in the Uffizi.
1126:"Viaggio del P. Giovanni Grueber Tornando per Terra da China in Europa"
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and social institutions. (A popular sight to visit was the madhouse on
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1138:] (in Italian), vol. II, pt. III, Paris: André Cramoisy, 1672
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by land and by sea, and establish permanent commercial relations with
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On 14 June 1669, they left England and travelled to Rotterdam. He met
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The two companions left in mid-July, crossed the Alps, and arrived in
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in Florence. Members performed numerous experiments, in the fields of
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and introduced him to some nice looking young ladies. Cosimo met
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provided them with an invitation to the weekly meetings of the
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and armed with a letter from Magalotti, who by then had become
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Magalotti started off as one of the most ardent followers of
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saved Cosimo from a boring conversation with some Amsterdam
350:. On 12 November 1667 Magalotti arrived in Utrecht to visit
920:
970:. Magalotti continued his travels without the Grand Duke.
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He was shocked to see how much money the English spent on
322:, he had improved his English and with his boyhood friend
1752:. First published in 1932, first revised edition in 1958.
1744:
Acton, Harold: The Last Medici, Macmillan, London, 1980,
1248:
1158:"Relazione della China..." [Report on China...],
864:. In England he made a number of good friends, including
764:
on 1 March, travelling on a ship that would take them to
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They ended up, toward the end of April, in Paris. He met
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and other electrical bodies, the freezing of water, etc.
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Cosimo, who was informed by the geologist and anatomist
338:
in August. By mid-October they were wandering around in
578:, but Van der Heyden delivered a tool to see the oval
157:
in 2007) are the most conspicuous in the Solar System.
390:. Cosimo planned to start an East India Company from
1270:
Exchanges and Parallels between Italy and East Asia
930:In his writing travelogs Magalotti was inspired by
691:
1168:] (in Italian), Florence: Giuseppe Manni, 1697
1572:Billingbear Park, Waltham St. Lawrence, Berkshire
1823:
1648:Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London
1264:Benedetti, Stefano (2020), "Lorenzo Magalotti's
915:they moved south. Cosimo visited Louis XIV, and
649:, as well as a warm reception by the secretary,
329:
236:, inventor of a device for measuring planetary
1612:Gray 2000, Exeter: The Traveller's Tales. p.18
633:and how much mess was still leftover from the
566:, when Cosimo visited some painters, and the
300:that became one of Europe's chief sources on
240:, arrived in 1668, fresh from a quarrel with
1024:, but he told the negotiators he had become
800:. When Billingbear House was visited by the
788:. Cosimo spent three months in London where
1576:David Nash Ford's "Royal Berkshire History"
1545:
1543:
1136:Accounts of Various Interesting Journeys...
1001:in 1673/1674 as a Tuscan ambassador to the
927:he arrived in Florence on 1 November 1669.
394:. The duke took his lodgings in a house at
284:cared no more for comets than for rainbows.
1263:
1182:Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca
1157:
1124:
1111:
1096:
772:Travelling to England and the Netherlands
748:By January, he had arrived in Lisbon via
456:. On 30 December 1667 Cosimo went to the
104:as their task. They studied the works of
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676:, founder of a famous scientific salon,
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32:Commemorative medal of Lorenzo Magalotti
27:
1386:Selfportrait of Rembrandt in the Uffizi
952:
938:. He renounced the career of those who
1824:
1473:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1148:: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (
1131:Relations de Divers Voyages Curieux...
680:, a specialist on Italian literature,
503:, who owned part of the collection by
386:and the warehouses and wharves of the
54:Magalotti became the secretary of the
1297:Wetering, Ernst van de (9 May 1997).
1088:
1080:
1009:in Vienna. He described in his book
741:could speak more than three words of
507:. Dutch scientists and collectioners
490:John Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen
1799:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
1042:
758:Monastery of Saint Denis of Odivelas
1805:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
1792:Preti, Cesare; Matt, Luigi (2006).
1562:, (J. Mawman, London, 1821), p.277.
981:illustration from Magalotti's diary
209:, the velocity of sound and light,
46:. His cousin Filippo was rector at
19:For the 17th-century cardinal, see
13:
870:Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore
14:
1883:
1862:18th-century Italian philosophers
1857:17th-century Italian philosophers
1773:
1534:"e-Journal of Portuguese History"
1523:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 262-263.
919:his mother-in-law, in Paris. Via
558:, refused to meet to philosopher
1779:
1046:
872:, who became his correspondent.
692:Travelling to Spain and Portugal
688:, his scientific correspondent.
661:, and Oxford where they visited
307:blessed bones of the divine poet
16:Italian philosopher and diplomat
1791:
1720:"Library and Archive Catalogue"
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1276:: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
492:, who had spent a long time in
185:, a "microbiologist", Viviani,
1653:.1 (January 1997:35â44) p. 38.
1303:. Amsterdam University Press.
1300:Rembrandt: The Painter at Work
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845:Painting of Samuel Morland by
594:in Antwerp, then they went to
554:, one of the exponents of the
258:, as seen on 29 March 1997 in
1:
1801:, Volume 67: MacchiâMalaspina
1709:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 269.
1700:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 268.
1691:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 264.
1662:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 262.
1578:(Accessed 13 September 2007).
1505:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 261.
1496:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 258.
1487:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 257.
1287:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 247.
1254:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 248.
1245:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 251.
1236:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 240.
1227:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 231.
1218:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 246.
1209:Conchrane, E. (1973), p. 237.
1187:
1104:Essays on Natural Experiments
1035:He died in Florence in 1712.
674:Henri Louis Habert de Montmor
645:. A lecture-demonstration by
423:Willem van de Velde the Elder
378:, and set direction down the
330:Travelling to the Netherlands
1872:Fellows of the Royal Society
1847:17th-century Italian Jesuits
1099:Saggi di Naturali Esperienze
862:Saggi di naturali esperienze
852:Falconieri presented to the
535:, Cosimo was accompanied by
21:Lorenzo Magalotti (cardinal)
7:
1175:
1030:Fellow of the Royal Society
706:Marguerite Louise d'Orléans
10:
1888:
1738:
940:toured the world to copy
830:, who painted Cosimo, and
754:Portuguese Restoration War
613:, Cosimo peregrinated via
570:. He bought a painting by
415:Frans van Mieris the Elder
248:main talent scout abroad.
18:
1867:University of Pisa alumni
1391:27 September 2011 at the
1320:– via Google Books.
1017:upcoming war, and jokes.
885:Charles de Saint-Evremond
598:, Brussels to order some
60:gazetteer of the sciences
1119:] (in Italian), 1668
1106:] (in Italian), 1667
1038:
815:Count Magalotti visited
458:Schouwburg of Van Campen
388:Dutch East India Company
314:. Magalotti had met Sir
187:Giovanni Alfonso Borelli
1593:www.buildinghistory.org
1113:Relazione d'Inghilterra
1011:Sweden in the year 1674
944:and count the steps in
568:Hortus Botanicus Leiden
454:Johannes van Neercassel
91:
1589:"Travels of Cosmo III"
982:
917:Marguerite of Lorraine
881:Coenraad van Beuningen
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701:
574:, which has a strange
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529:cabinet of curiosities
384:Admiralty of Amsterdam
342:and visited Heinsius,
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33:
1266:Relazione della China
1117:An Account of England
1090:Philosophia Electrica
985:He visited Brussels,
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858:Charles II of England
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802:Grand Duke of Tuscany
699:
625:Travelling in England
602:and went back to the
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537:Melchisédech Thévenot
501:Gerrit van Uylenburgh
478:William III of Orange
356:Cosimo III de' Medici
352:Johann Georg Graevius
254:
242:Jean-Baptiste Colbert
146:
56:Accademia del cimento
31:
1803:(in Italian). Rome:
1794:"MAGALOTTI, Lorenzo"
1788:at Wikimedia Commons
1558:Count L. Magalotti,
1060:adding missing items
1014:Charles XI of Sweden
953:Ambassador in Vienna
739:University of AlcalĂĄ
700:Marguerite d'Orleans
635:Great Fire of London
278:. As soon as he saw
175:Vincenzo da Filicaja
169:, an anatomist, and
163:Alessandro Marchetti
1852:Diplomats from Rome
832:John Michael Wright
784:and then headed to
711:Antonio Magliabechi
556:Counter Reformation
468:. He probably saw "
449:.) He met with the
189:, a physicist, and
1082:Historia Electrica
1058:; you can help by
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850:
806:Laurentian Library
702:
572:Jan van der Heyden
548:
527:showed them their
509:Franciscus Sylvius
354:. In the meantime
264:
171:Antonio Vallisneri
159:
130:Christiaan Huygens
48:University of Pisa
34:
1842:Writers from Rome
1786:Lorenzo Magalotti
1784:Media related to
1310:978-90-5356-239-0
1076:
1075:
1007:Holy Roman Empire
856:in London and to
836:Duke of Albemarle
798:Billingbear House
639:Bernardo Guasconi
521:Theodor Kerckring
447:Kloveniersburgwal
400:Francisco Ferroni
179:Benedetto Menzini
167:Marcello Malpighi
37:Lorenzo Magalotti
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1814:978-8-81200032-6
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1760:Hoogewerff, G.J.
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883:and the liberal
731:Talavera la Real
682:Valentin Conrart
460:, a copy of the
419:Ludolf Bakhuizen
324:Paolo Falconieri
276:optical illusion
151:(imaged here by
132:'s discoveries:
98:Vincenzo Viviani
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1455:on 19 July 2011
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1443:"Archived copy"
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909:Aix-la-Chapelle
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686:Ismael Bouillau
651:Henry Oldenburg
627:
525:Nicolaes Witsen
513:Frederik Ruysch
462:Teatro Olimpico
443:hidden churches
439:Caspar Netscher
370:, travelled to
348:Jacob Gronovius
332:
256:Comet Hale-Bopp
211:phosphorescence
191:Carlo Renaldini
173:, a physician,
149:rings of Saturn
126:Pierre Gassendi
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67:Galileo Galilei
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1003:Imperial court
964:Ottoman Empire
954:
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874:Samuel Morland
792:received him.
773:
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766:Galicia, Spain
729:, followed by
693:
690:
678:Jean Chapelain
626:
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604:Dutch Republic
560:Baruch Spinoza
517:Jan Swammerdam
427:Jan van Kessel
376:prince-elector
331:
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298:Johann Grueber
183:Francesco Redi
181:, both poets,
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611:Ash-Wednesday
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592:Plantin House
590:. He visited
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584:self-portrait
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552:Niels Stensen
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519:and probably
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1797:
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1714:
1705:
1696:
1687:
1682:Acton, p 105
1678:
1667:
1658:
1650:
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1642:
1630:. Retrieved
1626:
1617:
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:
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1567:
1559:
1554:
1549:Acton, p 104
1528:
1519:
1514:Acton, p 103
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1457:. Retrieved
1450:the original
1436:
1424:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:
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1370:View on the
1366:
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929:
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861:
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794:Samuel Pepys
775:
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663:Robert Boyle
647:Robert Hooke
628:
608:
562:, living in
549:
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494:Dutch Brazil
486:burgomasters
408:
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358:went on his
333:
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283:
272:Solar System
265:
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122:Robert Boyle
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86:John Philips
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1837:1712 deaths
1832:1637 births
1032:of London.
993:, Hamburg,
960:Catholicism
946:bell towers
825:miniaturist
631:cock fights
576:perspective
232:astronomer
199:thermometry
102:observation
78:John Milton
44:Roman Curia
1826:Categories
1627:www.rct.uk
1459:2 November
1429:Lecture 20
1188:References
1056:incomplete
995:Copenhagen
932:Jacob Spon
847:Peter Lely
790:Charles II
600:tapestries
580:bell-tower
411:Gerard Dou
364:Grand Duke
360:grand tour
316:John Finch
295:missionary
246:Leopoldo's
207:pneumatics
110:Democritus
1756:perfumes.
1372:town hall
1274:Cambridge
999:Stockholm
925:Marseille
889:Enkhuizen
778:La CoruĆa
715:Carlos II
588:Rembrandt
564:Rijnsburg
451:Jansenist
340:the Hague
262:, Croatia
238:diameters
215:magnetism
203:barometry
114:Aristotle
1469:cite web
1389:Archived
1176:See also
1144:citation
1026:impotent
977:Swedish
942:epitaphs
905:Nijmegen
810:Florence
786:Plymouth
615:Bentheim
596:Mechelen
336:Augsburg
118:Heinsius
1739:Sources
1726:4 March
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987:Cologne
893:Molkwar
782:Kinsale
762:Caminha
750:SetĂșbal
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727:Granada
723:Seville
719:CĂłrdoba
655:Windsor
619:Hamburg
609:Around
474:Jan Vos
466:Vicenza
437:. From
392:Livorno
312:Ravenna
280:Cassini
154:Cassini
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260:Pazin
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1809:ISBN
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1728:2012
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1600:2023
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