35:
1129:
4026:
3543:
494:
483:
4015:
3530:
3668:
658:
797:) or assimilated into surrounding Euro-Canadian society. The end of these rebellions, combined with the collapse of the fur and buffalo meat industries, forced many Albertan Métis off their lands and reduced them to critical levels of poverty. On the whole, the Métis cultures and communities survived with farming, ranching, fishing, and industry replacing their traditional economy of fur trading as the main economic activity in the
538:
4084:
4037:
3556:
4093:
910:
In 1989, through decades of negotiations and meetings, the
Alberta Federation of Metis Settlements and the Government of Alberta reached an agreement, the Alberta-Metis Settlements Accord, that involved the payment of $ 310 million to the Métis and the passage of four bills. The legislation consisted
862:
on behalf of the Metis populations for a protected homeland. In response to the pressured lobbying, the
Alberta legislature would call for a Royal Commission, entitled "The Ewing Commission", to investigate the conditions of the "Half-Breeds" (Métis) within the province. The Ewing Commission's (Ewing
988:
by the federal government to enable the creation of the park. They were compensated only for their improvements made to the land and not the land itself. Their descendants have fought since that time for compensation and recognition of their rights as an
Aboriginal group. Their lobbying (along with
961:
The exact population number of Métis people in
Alberta is undetermined due to the details surrounding what qualifies a person to be considered "Métis". Usually, a Métis person is someone that descended from an Indigenous person and a Caucasian settler. However, there are a few different groups that
957:
identified as Métis, accounting for just over half (53%) of the region's
Aboriginal population. Between 2001 and 2006, the Métis population in the Edmonton CMA grew by 32%. Despite their recent legal victories, Métis people in Alberta still faced higher rates of unemployment and disease and lower
764:
in 1849). The fur trade was an economic boom for the Métis as it opened the fur and buffalo meat trades to private Métis and non-Metis traders. However, it also exposed them to a flood of
European and Canadian colonists seeking to profit and disenfranchise the Métis from their lands. Métis living
1078:
As well, the MNA has transitioned from solely a representative body to an organization responsible and accountable for the ongoing delivery of a variety of programs and services. The MNA continues to make strides as an organization and develops and implements a number of projects and initiatives
829:
In the early 20th century, as a response to Métis dispossession and impoverishment following the collapse of the fur trade and marginalization of Métis by the newly dominate
Canadian society, Métis political organization, dormant since the Riel Rebellions, was revived in the 1920s by a number of
1018:
The
Government of Canada has been in negotiations since with two Métis organizations, the Métis Nation of Alberta (MNA) since 2016 and the Métis Settlements General Council (MSGC) since 2017. The MSGC "is the political and administrative body for the collective interests of the eight Metis
809:
regions. More urban Métis who live in close proximity to other cultural groups may have intermarried and assimilated into mainstream Euro-Albertan society to the point that their descendants no longer recognize themselves as Métis. However, in much of
1082:
The MNA has responsibilities and expectations and becoming a more results-based organization. It has addressed issues relating to internal governance and has developed the administrative capacity to meet the expectations that are placed upon the MNA.
906:
Different Métis groups attempted to combine the joint influences of the
Manitoba Métis Federation, the Métis Nation of Alberta, and Métis Nation Saskatchewan. This was done in hope that the Métis of Alberta would receive land and resource rights.
1580:. The Big Lakes County portion (part "A") had a population of 625 living on 802.46 km (309.83 sq mi) in 2021, while the Northern Sunrise County portion (part "B") had a population of 0 living on 0.83 km (0.32 sq mi).
1597:. The Smoky Lake County portion (part "A") had a population of 978 living on 440.92 km (170.24 sq mi) in 2021, while the Lac La Biche County portion (part "B") had a population of 0 living on 0.77 km (0.30 sq mi).
1074:
A steady rise has been observed in the number of Métis people in
Alberta who have registered as members of the MNA. Métis people in Alberta are recognizing the benefits of MNA memberships and the importance of the MNA as an organization.
830:
competing organizations such as the Half-Breed Association, the Métis Association, and the Half-breed Association of Northern Alberta. In 1932, a lasting and successful organization was founded following large half-breed gatherings in
814:, the Métis in more remote rural and isolated communities have remained culturally distinct. Many of the contemporary Métis settlement population have retained their unique cultural heritage and history due to land grants provided by
1089:
The Rupertsland Institute of Alberta is an affiliate to the Metis Nation of Alberta. Its mission is to enhance the individual self-sufficiency and the collective well-being of Metis people through education, training, and research.
4230:
891:. In the late 1950s, four of these settlements (Touchwood, Marlboro, Cold Lake, and Wolf Lake) were closed, requiring residents to relocate to the remaining eight settlements, all north of Edmonton. In 1938, the
895:
encompassed 86,245 ha (213,120 acres) of boreal forest. Due to being resettled so many times, the Métis on the Peavine Metis Settlement were not very connected to that land compared to their ancestors.
842:, approximately 20 km (12 mi) from St. Paul Des Metis. The lasting organization would be known as "L'Association des Métis d'Alberta et les Territories du Nord-Ouest" by the Métis "famous five" –
913:
931:
641:
1104:
The Powley Case, which wound through the various levels of Ontario courts starting in 1993, was a law-defining case that is recognized as the first time the issue of Métis rights were recognized under
1023:
with the Métis Nation of Alberta, by which Canada recognized that the Métis Nation within Alberta has an inherent right to self-government and mandated the MNA to implement this right on its behalf.
760:(Canadas founding Constitution, 1867). The sale of the Hudson's Bay Company's territory in 1869/70 officially ended its legal monopoly on the fur trade (not enforced since the trial of Métis trapper
4385:
919:
1681:
838:. These gatherings were organized by grassroots leaders such as Charles Delores and Dieudonne Collins. They called upon the expertise of a local enfranchised Indian named Joesepf Dion of the
610:
597:
of 1938, known today as the eight Métis settlements. These Métis settlements federated in 1975 to protect existing Métis settlement lands following the Alberta Government's dissolution, by
4132:
1019:
Settlements... the General Council has 44 members consisting of 40 elected members from the Settlements, and 4 elected Executive members." In June 2019, the Government of Canada signed a
602:
962:
consider themselves to be Métis including Indigenous peoples who are from Manitoba Red River Métis of the 1800s or all Indigenous peoples from Canada that are not recognized under the
613:(MSGC), Canada’s only Métis self-government. The MSGC is the legislator of the Federation of Métis Settlements. The MSGC is the second largest land owner in the Province of Alberta.
785:) in an attempt to assert their rights in the face of the newcomers. Following the rebellions, some Red River Métis fled northwest, married into the northwest Métis populations of
1937:
718:
by the interactions of European fur trading agents and First Nations communities. From 1670 to 1821, Métis populations grew regionally, typically around fur-trading posts of the
1001:
900:
616:
Most people who self-identify as Métis in Alberta do not live in a Métis settlement. According to the 2016 census, 57.7% of self-reported Métis in Alberta lived in either
2121:
2107:
1894:
Christianson, Amy; Mcgee, Tara K.; L'Hirondelle, Lorne (September 2014). "The Influence of Culture on Wildfire Mitigation at Peavine Métis Settlement, Alberta, Canada".
4326:
997:. They have since come into conflict with some environmentalists and government officials who would prefer to exclude hunting and trapping from all parks in Alberta.
1079:(including Apeetogosan Development Inc., Métis Urban Housing Corporation of Alberta, and the Aboriginal Human Resource Development Agreement – Labour Market Unit.)
935:(Bill 36). Through this legislation, title to a total of 1,250,000 acres (510,000 ha) of land was transferred to the Metis Settlements General Council (MSGC).
4170:
4996:
925:
522:
419:
86:
5399:
577:. They are separate and distinct from First Nations, though they live in the same regions and have cultural similarities, and have different legal rights.
1770:
950:
609:
settled out of court and passed a suite of legislation that would see self-government, land, and money transferred to the newly formed government of the
143:
469:
2361:
Student, aboriginal studies oriented dedicated to the Alberta Métis Settlements – history, documents, legislation, photographs and other research text
5175:
4976:
2392:
444:
348:
5404:
858:. This organization would fight for the recognition and formal establishment of the Métis settlements. The famous five would go on to pressure the
1744:
1056:
that simply reacted to government policy changes to an organization that is called upon to actively participate in the policy formulation process.
946:
with a population of 5,000 or more. This was due to the inclusion of the population of three Métis settlements within Big Lakes County's totals.
855:
847:
318:
5732:
5673:
3743:
3733:
313:
1984:
1086:
The MNA plays a role in the policy development process. Its elected officials and staff sit on committees responsible for an array of issues.
1050:
focused on community consultation and representation to an organization that is both a representative body and a program and service provider;
3652:
1150:
851:
115:
2160:
3647:
3593:
232:
81:
4479:
2016:
515:
5185:
1039:
promote and facilitate the advancement of Métis people through the pursuit of self-reliance, self-determination, and self-management.
487:
212:
103:
636:. These Métis people are represented politically by one of three organizations – the Métis Nation of Alberta (founded in 1928), the
5640:
5469:
5434:
4263:
4137:
3859:
2426:
1105:
4225:
3420:
5132:
4380:
2768:
1299:
1265:
222:
98:
1120:, Powley's actions were confirmed as being protected by the Métis Aboriginal right to hunt, and the case was dismissed in 2003.
876:
In 1895, permanent settlements were erected. Ottawa had allowed the Oblate missionaries to enter into a 21-year lease under the
5127:
3809:
2519:
2122:"Canada and the Metis Settlements General Council moving forward on reconciliation with signing of Memorandum of Understanding"
1145:
328:
237:
202:
166:
4285:
1053:
responsible for implementing specific projects to an organization responsible for providing ongoing programs and services; and
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3814:
3430:
2494:
2436:
2385:
2333:
2310:
508:
449:
343:
260:
227:
192:
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1544:
207:
675:
5444:
5294:
3907:
3882:
3854:
2421:
756:
3291:
954:
822:
of 1938. This act gave back a certain amount of land to the Métis for their use. In 1990, the constitution would be the
5725:
4161:
3844:
3834:
3781:
3753:
2649:
2479:
2469:
1549:
556:
4375:
1827:""No other weapon except organization": The Métis Association of Alberta and the 1938 Metis Population Betterment Act"
887:
593:
5449:
5394:
3694:
3602:
2431:
1554:
697:
265:
76:
1959:
464:
5429:
5299:
4951:
2798:
2679:
2378:
454:
177:
4117:
4107:
4893:
4782:
4612:
4073:
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3897:
3738:
3586:
3509:
1395:
774:
187:
138:
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5239:
5021:
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679:
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provide Métis people an opportunity to participate in the government’s policy and decision making process; and
366:
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5474:
5439:
4313:
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3699:
3559:
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2504:
2416:
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391:
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338:
148:
93:
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1800:
1719:
1694:
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5224:
4842:
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3716:
3706:
867:) final report called for a Métis land base and that it be provided by the provincial government under the
621:
568:
381:
333:
24:
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4127:
2094:
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5323:
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with a small membership to an organization whose membership exceeds 35,000 people spread across Alberta;
637:
5609:
5363:
5318:
5180:
4877:
4862:
4817:
4737:
4567:
3839:
3579:
3499:
3489:
3393:
3192:
2474:
1748:
1325:
1257:
711:
580:
Different Métis groups attempted to combine the joint influences of the Manitoba Métis Federation, the
275:
4122:
4112:
2236:
2035:
1013:
591:
In Alberta, unlike in the rest of Canada, Métis people have certain lands reserved for them under the
581:
5409:
5102:
4857:
4712:
4657:
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3819:
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3016:
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1403:
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323:
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5518:
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4552:
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4256:
3945:
3824:
3786:
3514:
3103:
3011:
2459:
2266:
2108:"Canada and the Métis Nation of Alberta advance reconciliation with signing of Framework Agreement"
1991:
1429:
990:
892:
617:
552:
301:
984:
in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta. In 1909 and 1910, a small group of families were evicted from
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5579:
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4672:
4627:
4547:
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3684:
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2927:
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1360:
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806:
723:
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133:
45:
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4777:
4607:
4303:
2657:
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735:
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1112:. Steve Powley was scrutinized and almost punished for knowingly hunting without a license in
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4251:
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3170:
3135:
3058:
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2917:
2699:
859:
835:
790:
743:
4441:
976:
The Mountain Métis are a distinct Métis group who are descendants of Métis who lived in the
885:
The result of the report was the creation of twelve Métis settlements in 1938 by way of the
731:
5797:
5604:
5523:
5513:
5274:
5209:
5097:
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3935:
3763:
3341:
3197:
2694:
1157:
985:
802:
782:
34:
3667:
3281:
903:, was formed in 1975 as the umbrella organization to unite all eight settlement councils.
747:
8:
5660:
5528:
5204:
4637:
4291:
4066:
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3676:
3319:
3314:
3301:
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2907:
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2716:
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1594:
1369:
839:
778:
739:
5653:
5338:
5264:
5219:
4981:
4852:
4767:
4678:
4532:
3975:
3922:
3902:
3874:
3721:
3614:
3388:
3378:
3309:
3130:
2996:
2562:
2322:
2299:
1919:
943:
878:
831:
719:
4343:
3266:
1870:"Mountain Metis who were evicted from Jasper in the Canadian Rockies in 1909 and 1910"
59:
5648:
5289:
5077:
5067:
4946:
4717:
4000:
3995:
3892:
3642:
3438:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3224:
3219:
3150:
3031:
3026:
3021:
2959:
2887:
2739:
2734:
2617:
2582:
2535:
2329:
2306:
2270:
2218:
2077:
2010:
1923:
1911:
1848:
1643:
1590:
1365:
1200:
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closer to Canadian occupied territory such as the Red River Métis, today in parts of
197:
5789:
5779:
5766:
5694:
5574:
5553:
5112:
5082:
4752:
4562:
4512:
4488:
4365:
4308:
4018:
3960:
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3930:
3533:
3448:
3373:
3140:
3098:
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3036:
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2530:
2208:
2069:
1903:
1838:
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1434:
1330:
1231:
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in the 1950s, which they hoped would protect this hunting and trapping ground from
939:
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811:
786:
751:
598:
4081:
5821:
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5147:
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4722:
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3239:
3234:
3212:
3165:
3155:
3125:
3108:
3093:
3078:
2979:
2942:
2937:
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2793:
2783:
2721:
2711:
2706:
2540:
1907:
977:
761:
396:
371:
108:
4436:
4421:
4083:
1128:
548:
5569:
5284:
5279:
5259:
5249:
5107:
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2974:
2932:
2922:
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2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2778:
2672:
2667:
2597:
2587:
2073:
949:
Recently, many other Métis people have moved to larger urban centres, becoming
843:
601:
of four Métis settlements from 1950 to 1960. Following legal challenges by the
459:
424:
293:
4360:
2197:"A New Era in Metis Constitutional Rights: The Importance of Powley and Blais"
2060:
McEwen, A. C. (April 1995). "The Metis Settlements Land Registry in Alberta".
5847:
5829:
5813:
5699:
5614:
5092:
5026:
5016:
5001:
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4837:
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4582:
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3657:
3547:
3415:
3286:
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3207:
3180:
3175:
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2751:
2662:
2623:
2576:
2222:
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1915:
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1647:
815:
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727:
498:
401:
217:
182:
4431:
2135:
5710:
5533:
5234:
5031:
5011:
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4832:
4827:
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4268:
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3356:
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3334:
3329:
3249:
3229:
3120:
2964:
2954:
2902:
2629:
2612:
2607:
981:
770:
715:
560:
270:
153:
2370:
1026:
During the constitutional talks in the early 1980s, the MNAA was revived.
989:
non-Métis trappers and guides) was partly responsible the creation of the
734:
for many years. These Métis helped to establish the nearby settlements of
5378:
5072:
5041:
4991:
4971:
4956:
4732:
4685:
4587:
4320:
3627:
3346:
3202:
3187:
3145:
3088:
3053:
3001:
2557:
537:
376:
5774:
5538:
5254:
4966:
4941:
4916:
4517:
4507:
4502:
4416:
3160:
3083:
2761:
2684:
2639:
2602:
1099:
964:
682: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
159:
1843:
1826:
1745:"Oblates in the West "The Alberta Story" (Lac Ste. Anne / St. Albert)"
754:) was sold to the newly formed Dominion of Canada with the passing of
5805:
5619:
5006:
4926:
4617:
4522:
4179:
2773:
2756:
2213:
2196:
1638:
1621:
606:
255:
172:
3571:
2360:
657:
5750:
4457:
2568:
766:
633:
4087:
801:, though trapping and hunting have remained very important in the
750:(1890). The Hudson's Bay Company's land claim in the west (called
5584:
5543:
3606:
2546:
2402:
2305:. Regina: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina.
1893:
958:
average incomes than their non-aboriginal neighbours as of 2006.
773:, took up arms against the Canadian government in the two failed
585:
584:, and the Métis Nation Saskatchewan. This was done in hopes that
1869:
1067:
Federal/Provincial/MNA Tripartite Process Agreement process; and
1033:
be a representative voice on behalf of Métis people in Alberta;
2365:
2267:"Population and dwelling counts: Canada and designated places"
1572:
Gift Lake comprises two parts. The majority is located within
605:
in 1975 for the loss of natural resource against Alberta, the
2181:
52:
2301:
The government and politics of the Alberta Metis settlements
2237:"Specialized and Rural Municipalities and Their Communities"
2161:"Métis Government Recognition and Self-Government Agreement"
1060:
Expectations have been established for the MNA through the:
1589:
Kikino comprises two parts. The majority is located within
2320:
Adams, Christopher; Dahl, Gregg; Peach, Ian, eds. (2013).
1021:
Métis Government Recognition and Self-Government Agreement
730:
spawned a large Métis population that was involved in an
2324:
Métis in Canada: history, identity, law & politics
1519:
1483:
1450:
1419:
1385:
1350:
1315:
1281:
1247:
1216:
942:
had the most Métis people per capita of any Canadian
1070:
Government of Alberta’s Aboriginal Policy Framework.
1004:, a local affiliate of the Métis Nation of Alberta.
2195:Bell, Catherine; Leonard, Clayton (April 1, 2004).
1661:
1043:Overall, the MNA has evolved from an organization:
953:. In 2006, a total of 27,740 persons living in the
2321:
2298:
1777:. Government of Alberta. 1995–2012. Archived from
1737:
5176:Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site
2242:(PDF). Alberta Municipal Affairs. August 30, 2013
2036:"2006 Aboriginal Population Profile for Edmonton"
1185:
1132:Distribution of Alberta's eight Metis settlements
899:The Alberta Federation of Metis Settlements, now
588:'s Métis would receive land and resource rights.
5845:
4231:Union nationale métisse Saint-Joseph du Manitoba
2261:
2259:
2257:
2319:
1831:Journal of the Canadian Historical Association
5726:
4473:
4067:
3653:Timeline of the petroleum industry in Alberta
3587:
2386:
2254:
2229:
516:
5740:
5152:
1615:
1613:
2400:
2296:
2194:
914:Metis Settlements Accord Implementation Act
5733:
5719:
5674:Alberta–British Columbia foothills forests
4480:
4466:
4074:
4060:
3594:
3580:
2393:
2379:
2030:
2028:
2026:
1116:. When the case eventually made it to the
932:Constitution of Alberta Amendment Act 1990
642:Aboriginal Congress of Alberta Association
632:), with the majority of those residing in
523:
509:
5186:Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park
2328:. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press.
2212:
1842:
1637:
1622:"Aboriginal Rights and State Obligations"
1610:
710:Métis history in Alberta begins with the
698:Learn how and when to remove this message
4138:Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians
1127:
1064:Alberta/MNA Framework Agreement process;
536:
5133:Category:Rivers of the Canadian Rockies
4386:Metis Child and Family Services Society
2023:
1824:
1619:
955:Edmonton census metropolitan area (CMA)
5846:
5128:List of rivers of the Canadian Rockies
2059:
2015:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1593:, while the balance is located within
1576:, while the balance is located within
1123:
1000:The Mountain Métis are represented by
567:families. The Métis are considered an
167:Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada
5714:
4461:
4226:Vancouver Métis Community Association
4055:
3601:
3575:
2374:
1960:"Metis legislation gets royal assent"
1864:
1862:
1620:MacKlem, Patrick (December 1, 1997).
1495:
1459:
1156:
1144:
1141:
1137:List of Metis settlements in Alberta
971:
920:Metis Settlements Land Protection Act
193:Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women
4487:
1545:List of designated places in Alberta
680:adding citations to reliable sources
651:
5295:Sulphur Mountain Cosmic Ray Station
4286:The National Committee of the Métis
4036:
3555:
2136:"Metis Settlements General Council"
1825:O’Byrne, Nicole C. (May 15, 2014).
870:Natural Resource Transfer Act, 1930
757:The British North America Act, 1867
13:
4162:Legislative Assembly of Assiniboia
2289:
1938:"Alberta-Metis Settlements Accord"
1859:
1550:List of Indian reserves in Alberta
14:
5865:
4143:Métis Settlements General Council
3648:History of the petroleum industry
2344:
2140:Metis Settlements General Council
1555:List of municipalities in Alberta
611:Métis Settlements General Council
5300:First Oil Well in Western Canada
4133:Northwest Territory Métis Nation
4091:
4082:
4035:
4024:
4014:
4013:
3666:
3554:
3541:
3529:
3528:
938:As of the 2006 Canadian census,
656:
492:
481:
33:
4376:Métis Population Betterment Act
2480:Indian reserves and settlements
2297:Pocklington, Thomas C. (1991).
2188:
2174:
2153:
2128:
2114:
2100:
2088:
2053:
1977:
1952:
1930:
1896:Society & Natural Resources
1887:
1583:
1566:
888:Métis Population Betterment Act
820:Metis Population Betterment Act
667:needs additional citations for
603:Federation of Métis Settlements
594:Métis Population Betterment Act
139:British Columbia Treaty Process
5240:Jasper Park Information Centre
4381:List of settlements in Alberta
4213:Congress of Aboriginal Peoples
1940:. Metis Settlements of Alberta
1818:
1793:
1763:
1712:
1687:
1682:2016 Census. Aboriginal People
1675:
1662:"Metis Settlements of Alberta"
1654:
1540:List of communities in Alberta
1093:
1029:The mandate of the MNA is to:
1:
4314:Nemaha Half-Breed Reservation
4108:Métis Nation British Columbia
1603:
1002:Grande Cache Metis Local 1994
5679:North Central Rockies forest
1908:10.1080/08941920.2014.905886
1494:
1458:
901:Metis Settlements of Alberta
622:Edmonton Metropolitan Region
144:Crown and Indigenous peoples
7:
5405:Dune Za Keyih (Frog-Gataga)
4894:Unnamed Alberta–BC mountain
3623:Timeline of Alberta history
1533:
1524:
1517:
1488:
1481:
1454:
1449:
1423:
1418:
1389:
1384:
1354:
1349:
1319:
1314:
1285:
1280:
1251:
1246:
1220:
1215:
1007:
630:Calgary Metropolitan Region
382:Indigenous English Dialects
16:Aboriginal group of peoples
10:
5870:
5181:Waterton Biosphere Reserve
4208:North Slave Métis Alliance
3815:Specialized municipalities
2074:10.1179/sre.1995.33.256.77
1097:
1011:
777:(or "Riel Resistances" in
647:
640:(founded in 2020), or the
5746:
5687:
5633:
5562:
5501:
5387:
5308:
5194:
5168:
5162:Parks and protected areas
5161:
5140:
5121:
5060:
4909:
4700:
4495:
4399:
4336:
4239:
4192:
4154:
4128:Manitoba Métis Federation
4118:Métis Nation—Saskatchewan
4100:
4009:
3921:
3888:Alberta Treasury Branches
3873:
3800:
3762:
3675:
3664:
3613:
3523:
3470:
3429:
3007:Jean Baptiste Gambler 183
2648:
2513:
2445:
2409:
1428:
1404:County of Northern Lights
1394:
1359:
1324:
1290:
1256:
1225:
1194:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:2021 Census of Population
1114:Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario
607:Crown in Right of Alberta
551:are descendants of mixed
488:Indigenous North Americas
5741:Ethnic groups in Alberta
5669:Alberta Mountain forests
5470:Northern Rocky Mountains
4391:Gabriel Dumont Institute
4221:Alberta Métis Federation
4184:(Southbranch Settlement)
4175:(Southbranch Settlement)
3754:Leader of the Opposition
1560:
991:Willmore Wilderness Park
893:Peavine Metis Settlement
712:North American fur trade
638:Alberta Métis Federation
266:Indigenous personalities
5280:Abbot Pass Refuge Cabin
4897:(formerly Mount Pétain)
4123:Métis Nation of Ontario
4113:Métis Nation of Alberta
3421:ʔejëre K’elnı Kuę́ 196I
2351:Métis Nation of Alberta
2182:"Rupertsland Institute"
2168:Métis Nation of Alberta
1771:"St. Albert Settlement"
1578:Northern Sunrise County
1461:Total Metis settlements
1335:Northern Sunrise County
1300:MD of Bonnyville No. 87
1266:MD of Bonnyville No. 87
1118:Supreme Court of Canada
1014:Métis Nation of Alberta
995:oil and gas exploration
789:(formerly known as the
582:Métis Nation of Alberta
5634:Ecozone and ecoregions
4304:Southbranch Settlement
4200:Métis National Council
4171:Council of St. Laurent
3292:Tthejëre Ghaı̨lı̨ 196B
2097:willmorewilderness.com
1695:"Origins and Identity"
1133:
1110:Constitution Act, 1982
795:North-West Territories
618:Census Division No. 11
574:Constitution Act, 1982
542:
541:Métis settlements flag
5775:Dariusleut Hutterites
5425:Height of the Rockies
4274:Pemmican Proclamation
3860:Census agglomerations
3384:William McKenzie 151K
3136:Peigan Timber Limit B
3012:John D'Or Prairie 215
2918:Enoch Cree Nation 135
2427:Census agglomerations
2366:Rupertsland Institute
2356:Métis Settlements Act
1874:www.mountainmetis.com
1720:"Western Settlements"
1131:
926:Metis Settlements Act
860:Government of Alberta
824:Alberta Amendment Act
791:District of Athabaska
716:developed as a people
626:Census Division No. 6
540:
5275:Twin Falls Tea House
4298:North-West Rebellion
4280:Battle of Seven Oaks
4155:Historic Governments
3898:Environmental issues
3272:Ts’u K’adhe Kué 196F
3198:Stoney 142, 143, 144
2124:. December 14, 2017.
2110:. November 16, 2017.
1805:www.albertasource.ca
1724:www.albertasource.ca
1699:www.albertasource.ca
986:Jasper National Park
724:Hudson's Bay Company
676:improve this article
628:(which includes the
620:(which includes the
392:Aboriginal syllabics
367:Indigenous languages
4292:Red River Rebellion
3810:Municipal districts
3744:Electoral districts
3712:Lieutenant Governor
3302:Upper Hay River 212
3262:Tthebacha Náre 196A
2950:Fort Vermilion 173B
2908:Driftpile River 150
2717:Assineau River 150F
1781:on February 1, 2014
1751:on February 1, 2014
1595:Lac La Biche County
1497:Province of Alberta
1370:Lac La Biche County
1138:
1124:List of settlements
929:(Bill 35), and the
840:Kehewin Cree Nation
732:annual buffalo hunt
420:Traditional beliefs
261:Indigenous cultures
104:Residential schools
94:Settler colonialism
5654:Montane Cordillera
5265:Kicking Horse Pass
4679:Continental Ranges
4442:Métis buffalo hunt
4166:(Red River Colony)
4101:Modern Governments
3431:Indian settlements
3389:Winefred Lake 194B
3379:Whitefish Lake 128
3131:Peerless Trout 238
2997:Jackfish Point 214
2690:Cardinal River 234
2495:Population centres
2437:School authorities
2273:. February 9, 2022
2201:Alberta Law Review
1626:Alberta Law Review
1146:Municipal district
1136:
1134:
972:The Mountain Métis
944:census subdivision
879:Dominion Lands Act
720:North-West Company
557:Indigenous peoples
543:
25:Indigenous peoples
5841:
5840:
5708:
5707:
5649:Boreal Cordillera
5519:Fortress Mountain
5497:
5496:
5450:Mount Assiniboine
5400:Close To The Edge
5395:Akamina-Kishinena
5290:Banff Park Museum
5078:Columbia Icefield
4673:Winston Churchill
4455:
4454:
4217:
4204:
4185:
4176:
4167:
4147:
4049:
4048:
4031:Canada portal
4001:Battle of Alberta
3996:Alberta Advantage
3893:Alberta Innovates
3865:Designated places
3850:Métis settlements
3690:Political parties
3643:Numbered Treaties
3569:
3568:
3548:Canada portal
3472:Metis settlements
3225:Sucker Creek 150A
3220:Sturgeon Lake 154
3151:Puskiakiwenin 122
2960:Gregoire Lake 176
2888:Cornwall Lake 224
2583:Fort Saskatchewan
2500:Designated places
2485:Metis settlements
2335:978-0-88864-640-8
2312:978-0-88977-060-7
2271:Statistics Canada
2040:www.statcan.gc.ca
1997:on April 30, 2013
1844:10.7202/1025081ar
1591:Smoky Lake County
1531:
1530:
1366:Smoky Lake County
1201:Smoky Lake County
951:urban aboriginals
748:St. Paul de Métis
708:
707:
700:
533:
532:
499:Canada portal
445:Index of articles
198:Numbered Treaties
5861:
5854:Métis in Alberta
5830:Woodland Cree /
5780:French-Canadians
5735:
5728:
5721:
5712:
5711:
5695:Geography portal
5554:Sunshine Village
5490:
5430:Hole-in-the-Wall
5166:
5165:
5113:Waputik Icefield
4997:North Kananaskis
4489:Canadian Rockies
4482:
4475:
4468:
4459:
4458:
4309:Half-Breed Tract
4215:
4202:
4183:
4174:
4165:
4145:
4095:
4086:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4053:
4052:
4039:
4038:
4029:
4028:
4027:
4017:
4016:
3951:Franco-Albertans
3855:Census divisions
3670:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3573:
3572:
3558:
3557:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3532:
3531:
3374:Wadlin Lake 173C
3141:Pigeon Lake 138A
3099:Namur River 174A
3074:Loon Prairie 237
2992:Horse Lakes 152B
2987:Hokédhe Kué 196E
2898:Devil's Gate 220
2893:Cowper Lake 194A
2846:Clear Hills 152C
2789:Charles Lake 225
2747:Bistcho Lake 213
2422:Census divisions
2401:Subdivisions of
2395:
2388:
2381:
2372:
2371:
2339:
2327:
2316:
2304:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2263:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2241:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2216:
2214:10.29173/alr1317
2192:
2186:
2185:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2170:. June 27, 2019.
2165:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2132:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2032:
2021:
2020:
2014:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1996:
1990:. Archived from
1989:
1981:
1975:
1974:
1972:
1970:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1822:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1747:. Archived from
1741:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1716:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1641:
1639:10.29173/alr1020
1617:
1598:
1587:
1581:
1574:Big Lakes County
1570:
1521:
1515:
1485:
1479:
1452:
1447:
1435:Big Lakes County
1421:
1416:
1402:
1387:
1382:
1352:
1347:
1331:Big Lakes County
1317:
1312:
1298:
1283:
1278:
1264:
1249:
1244:
1232:Big Lakes County
1218:
1213:
1139:
1135:
940:Big Lakes County
865:royal commission
812:northern Alberta
787:northern Alberta
703:
696:
692:
689:
683:
660:
652:
599:order-in-council
569:aboriginal group
525:
518:
511:
497:
496:
495:
486:
485:
484:
203:Royal Commission
109:Indian hospitals
82:Pre-colonization
37:
21:
20:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5860:
5859:
5858:
5844:
5843:
5842:
5837:
5792:Paskwāwiyiniwak
5742:
5739:
5709:
5704:
5683:
5629:
5558:
5509:Castle Mountain
5493:
5484:
5388:Provincial (BC)
5383:
5309:Provincial (AB)
5304:
5270:Skoki Ski Lodge
5245:Yellowhead Pass
5190:
5157:
5148:Mountain Stoney
5136:
5117:
5056:
4905:
4696:
4653:Tower of London
4608:Queen Elizabeth
4491:
4486:
4456:
4451:
4395:
4332:
4235:
4188:
4150:
4096:
4080:
4050:
4045:
4025:
4023:
4005:
3917:
3869:
3845:Indian reserves
3835:Summer villages
3796:
3758:
3671:
3662:
3609:
3600:
3570:
3565:
3542:
3540:
3519:
3466:
3425:
3306:Utikoomak Lake
3277:Ts’u Nedhé 196H
3267:Tthebatthıe 196
3240:Swan River 150E
3235:Swampy Lake 236
3213:Eden Valley 216
3166:Sandy Point 221
3156:Saddle Lake 125
3126:Peace Point 222
3094:Namur Lake 174B
3079:Louis Bull 138B
2883:Collin Lake 223
2794:Child Lake 164A
2784:Bushe River 207
2722:Beaver Lake 131
2712:Amber River 211
2707:Allison Bay 219
2650:Indian reserves
2644:
2521:
2509:
2470:Summer villages
2441:
2405:
2399:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2313:
2292:
2290:Further reading
2287:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2264:
2255:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2193:
2189:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2120:
2119:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2093:
2089:
2058:
2054:
2044:
2042:
2034:
2033:
2024:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1987:
1985:"Archived copy"
1983:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1823:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1775:Alberta Culture
1769:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1752:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1703:
1701:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1680:
1676:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1618:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1588:
1584:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1536:
1511:
1475:
1445:
1414:
1401:Northern Lights
1400:
1380:
1368:
1345:
1333:
1310:
1296:
1276:
1262:
1242:
1211:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1152:
1148:
1126:
1102:
1096:
1016:
1010:
978:Athabasca River
974:
923:(Bill 34), the
917:(Bill 33), the
775:Riel Rebellions
762:Guillaume Sayer
726:. For example,
704:
693:
687:
684:
673:
661:
650:
571:under Canada's
545:
544:
529:
493:
491:
490:
482:
480:
475:
474:
440:
432:
431:
415:
407:
406:
372:Inuit languages
362:
354:
353:
294:Indian reserves
289:
281:
280:
251:
243:
242:
213:Specific claims
208:Self-government
169:
129:
121:
120:
72:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5867:
5857:
5856:
5839:
5838:
5836:
5835:
5832:Sakāwithiniwak
5827:
5819:
5811:
5803:
5795:
5790:Plains Cree /
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5764:
5756:
5747:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5737:
5730:
5723:
5715:
5706:
5705:
5703:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5682:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5665:
5664:
5657:
5656:
5651:
5645:
5644:
5637:
5635:
5631:
5630:
5628:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5592:
5587:
5582:
5580:Crowsnest Pass
5577:
5572:
5566:
5564:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5505:
5503:
5499:
5498:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5487:Muskwa-Kechika
5482:
5480:Stone Mountain
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5415:Graham-Laurier
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5391:
5389:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5375:Historic Sites
5372:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5344:Peter Lougheed
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5312:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5303:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5285:Cave and Basin
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5260:Kootenae House
5257:
5252:
5250:Athabasca Pass
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5231:Historic Sites
5228:
5227:
5225:Waterton Lakes
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5198:
5196:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5172:
5170:
5163:
5159:
5158:
5156:
5155:
5153:Mountain Metis
5150:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5125:
5123:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5064:
5062:
5058:
5057:
5055:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4710:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4663:Victoria Cross
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
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4412:Chinook Jargon
4409:
4403:
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4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
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4344:Canadian Métis
4340:
4338:
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4331:
4330:
4327:Daniels ruling
4324:
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4306:
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3638:Historic sites
3635:
3630:
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3611:
3610:
3599:
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3584:
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3551:
3537:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3518:
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3512:
3510:Paddle Prairie
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3476:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3462:Little Buffalo
3459:
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3297:Unipouheos 121
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3252:
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3123:
3118:
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3096:
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3076:
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3014:
3009:
3004:
2999:
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2989:
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2977:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
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2923:Ermineskin 138
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2853:
2851:Clearwater 175
2848:
2843:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2796:
2791:
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2779:Buck Lake 133C
2776:
2771:
2766:
2765:
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2759:
2749:
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2700:Whitecourt 232
2697:
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2687:
2677:
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2670:
2665:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2588:Grande Prairie
2585:
2580:
2573:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2525:
2511:
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2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
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2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2449:
2443:
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2440:
2439:
2434:
2432:Municipalities
2429:
2424:
2419:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2406:
2398:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2346:
2345:External links
2343:
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2311:
2293:
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2285:
2284:
2253:
2228:
2187:
2173:
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2127:
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2099:
2087:
2068:(256): 77–86.
2052:
2022:
1976:
1951:
1929:
1902:(9): 931–947.
1886:
1858:
1837:(2): 311–352.
1817:
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1396:Paddle Prairie
1392:
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1098:Main article:
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844:Malcolm Norris
818:by way of the
803:Rocky Mountain
706:
705:
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425:Inuit religion
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134:Indigenous law
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116:Reconciliation
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5700:Canada portal
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5625:Waterton Park
5623:
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5615:Tumbler Ridge
5613:
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5608:
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5539:Mount Norquay
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5475:Pine Le Moray
5473:
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5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
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5448:
5446:
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5441:
5440:Kikomun Creek
5438:
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5169:International
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5000:
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4988:
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4982:Kicking Horse
4980:
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4902:
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4879:
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4873:Three Sisters
4871:
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4859:
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4709:
4706:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4692:Muskwa Ranges
4690:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4681:
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4676:
4674:
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4447:Red River Jig
4445:
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4335:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4321:Powley ruling
4319:
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4307:
4305:
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4299:
4296:
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4229:
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4222:
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4216:(Canada-wide)
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4203:(Canada-wide)
4201:
4198:
4197:
4195:
4193:Organizations
4191:
4181:
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3946:First Nations
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3669:
3659:
3658:Social Credit
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3562:
3561:
3552:
3550:
3549:
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3536:
3535:
3526:
3525:
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3516:
3513:
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3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
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3488:
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3483:
3481:
3478:
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3469:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3416:Zama Lake 210
3414:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3394:Woodland Cree
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
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3350:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3287:Tsuu Tina 145
3285:
3283:
3282:Ts’u Kué 196G
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3208:Big Horn 144A
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3193:Stoney Nakoda
3191:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3115:
3114:Cemetery 203A
3112:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3069:Loon Lake 235
3067:
3065:
3064:Łı̨ Dezé 196C
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Duncan's 151A
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
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2844:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2726:Beaver Ranch
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2695:Elk River 233
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2624:Sherwood Park
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2577:Fort McMurray
2574:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2522:service areas
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2396:
2391:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2337:
2331:
2326:
2325:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2294:
2272:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2238:
2232:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2162:
2156:
2141:
2137:
2131:
2123:
2117:
2109:
2103:
2096:
2091:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2062:Survey Review
2056:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2018:
2012:
1993:
1986:
1980:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1939:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1821:
1806:
1802:
1801:"Agriculture"
1796:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1766:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1683:
1678:
1663:
1657:
1649:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1616:
1614:
1609:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1565:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1527:
1522:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1491:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1140:
1130:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1015:
1005:
1003:
998:
996:
992:
987:
983:
979:
969:
967:
966:
959:
956:
952:
947:
945:
941:
936:
934:
933:
928:
927:
922:
921:
916:
915:
908:
904:
902:
897:
894:
890:
889:
883:
881:
880:
874:
872:
871:
866:
861:
857:
856:Felix Calliou
853:
849:
848:Peter Tomkins
846:, Jim Brady,
845:
841:
837:
833:
827:
825:
821:
817:
816:King George V
813:
808:
807:boreal forest
804:
800:
799:Parkland Belt
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
763:
759:
758:
753:
752:Rupert's Land
749:
745:
741:
737:
736:Lac Ste. Anne
733:
729:
728:Fort Edmonton
725:
721:
717:
713:
702:
699:
691:
681:
677:
671:
670:
665:This section
663:
659:
654:
653:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
595:
589:
587:
583:
578:
576:
575:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
553:First Nations
550:
539:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
506:
504:
503:
500:
489:
479:
478:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
455:First Nations
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
442:
436:
435:
426:
423:
422:
421:
418:
417:
411:
410:
403:
402:Inuit grammar
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
364:
358:
357:
350:
349:Pacific Coast
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
315:
312:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
297:
295:
292:
291:
285:
284:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
247:
246:
239:
236:
234:
233:Organizations
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
218:Treaty rights
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
183:Land defender
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
168:
164:
162:
161:
157:
155:
152:
150:
149:Health Policy
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
125:
124:
117:
114:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
88:
85:
84:
83:
80:
78:
75:
74:
68:
67:
62:
61:
57:
55:
54:
50:
48:
47:
46:First Nations
43:
42:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
28:
23:
22:
19:
5831:
5823:
5815:
5807:
5806:Saulteaux /
5799:
5791:
5784:
5768:
5767:Chipewyan /
5760:
5759:Blackfoot /
5752:
5534:Marmot Basin
5485:
5460:Mount Robson
5455:Mount Fernie
5359:Spray Valley
5235:Jasper House
5131:
5098:Saskatchewan
4892:
4858:Stanley Peak
4843:Saskatchewan
4768:Edith Cavell
4684:
4677:
4638:South Jasper
4437:Métis fiddle
4422:Métis French
4348:
4269:Pemmican War
4247:Indian trade
4173:(1873–1878)
4142:
3986:Coat of arms
3955:
3849:
3772:Demographics
3725:
3698:
3685:Constitution
3553:
3539:
3527:
3495:Fishing Lake
3485:East Prairie
3480:Buffalo Lake
3471:
3457:Garden Creek
3444:Cadotte Lake
3230:Sunchild 202
3121:Old Fort 217
3059:K’ı Kué 196D
2965:Hay Lake 209
2955:Fox Lake 162
2903:Dog Head 218
2630:Spruce Grove
2622:
2613:Medicine Hat
2608:Lloydminster
2575:
2567:
2545:
2518:
2484:
2410:Subdivisions
2323:
2300:
2277:February 13,
2275:. Retrieved
2244:. Retrieved
2231:
2204:
2200:
2190:
2176:
2167:
2155:
2143:. Retrieved
2139:
2130:
2116:
2102:
2090:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2043:. Retrieved
2039:
1999:. Retrieved
1992:the original
1979:
1967:. Retrieved
1963:
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1932:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1877:. Retrieved
1873:
1834:
1830:
1820:
1808:. Retrieved
1804:
1795:
1783:. Retrieved
1779:the original
1774:
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1749:the original
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1677:
1665:. Retrieved
1656:
1629:
1625:
1585:
1568:
1525:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1292:Fishing Lake
1227:East Prairie
1196:Buffalo Lake
1153:municipality
1109:
1103:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1059:
1042:
1028:
1025:
1020:
1017:
999:
982:Jasper House
980:valley near
975:
963:
960:
948:
937:
930:
924:
918:
912:
909:
905:
898:
886:
884:
877:
875:
868:
836:Fishing Lake
828:
823:
819:
771:Saskatchewan
755:
746:(1853), and
744:Lac La Biche
714:. The Métis
709:
694:
685:
674:Please help
669:verification
666:
615:
592:
590:
579:
572:
549:Métis people
546:
306:
288:Demographics
271:Country food
158:
154:Idle No More
58:
51:
44:
18:
5605:Lake Louise
5563:Communities
5549:Powder King
5524:Lake Louise
5502:Ski resorts
5465:Muncho Lake
5379:Frank Slide
5349:Sheep River
5334:Ghost River
5329:Elbow-Sheep
5324:Bragg Creek
4823:Resplendent
4748:Castleguard
4718:Assiniboine
4686:Hart Ranges
4568:Livingstone
4366:Bois-Brûlés
4361:Anglo-Métis
4294:(1869–1870)
4288:(est. 1864)
4041:WikiProject
3802:Communities
3739:Legislature
3628:Alberta Act
3560:WikiProject
3203:Stoney 142B
3188:Siksika 146
3146:Piikani 147
3089:Montana 139
3054:Kehewin 123
3002:Janvier 194
2769:Blue Quills
2558:Chestermere
2490:Ghost towns
2447:Communities
2246:October 29,
2207:(4): 1049.
1944:October 16,
1785:January 16,
1755:January 19,
1151:specialized
1094:Powley Case
852:Joseph Dion
397:Chinuk pipa
377:Chinuk Wawa
361:Linguistics
344:Territories
314:Atlantic CA
178:Land claims
5800:Tsuu T'ina
5769:Denésoliné
5761:Niitsítapi
5663:ecoregions
5529:Little Mac
5364:White Goat
5339:Kananaskis
5319:Bow Valley
5255:Howse Pass
5052:Yellowhead
4977:Kananaskis
4753:Clemenceau
4563:Kananaskis
4513:Beaverfoot
4417:Hivernants
4349:in Alberta
3707:Government
3453:Fort McKay
3161:Samson 137
3084:Makaoo 120
2970:Heart Lake
2928:Fort McKay
2640:Wetaskiwin
2635:St. Albert
2603:Lethbridge
2505:Localities
2095:Newsletter
1684:alberta.ca
1604:References
1520:634,658.27
1297:Bonnyville
1263:Bonnyville
1186:Population
1169:Population
1164:Population
1106:section 35
1100:R v Powley
1012:See also:
965:Indian Act
740:St. Albert
688:April 2013
547:Alberta's
450:Indigenous
188:Land title
160:Indian Act
5822:Stoney /
5816:Dene Tha'
5814:Slavey /
5798:Sarcee /
5751:Beaver /
5620:Valemount
5410:Elk Lakes
5068:Athabasca
5047:White Man
5037:Vermilion
4937:Crowsnest
4922:Athabasca
4853:Snow Dome
4798:Kitchener
4723:Athabasca
4713:Andromeda
4701:Mountains
4658:Vermilion
4603:President
4593:Morrissey
4558:High Rock
4553:Foothills
4538:Fairholme
4528:Crowsnest
4257:Fur trade
4180:Exovedate
4146:(Alberta)
3941:Festivals
3936:Education
3883:Companies
3777:Mountains
3764:Geography
3695:Elections
3633:Fur trade
3500:Gift Lake
3490:Elizabeth
3449:Desmarais
3017:Kapawe'no
2856:Cold Lake
2799:Chipewyan
2774:Boyer 164
2658:Alexander
2572:(capital)
2563:Cold Lake
2223:1925-8356
2145:March 18,
2082:0039-6265
2045:March 18,
2001:August 1,
1969:March 18,
1964:Ammsa.com
1924:154421831
1916:0894-1920
1879:March 18,
1853:1712-6274
1810:March 18,
1729:March 18,
1704:March 18,
1648:1925-8356
1632:(1): 97.
1507:4,067,175
1502:4,262,635
1326:Gift Lake
1258:Elizabeth
832:Frog Lake
414:Religions
173:Land Back
27:in Canada
5848:Category
5691:See also
5643:ecozones
5610:Sparwood
5445:Kwadacha
5369:Willmore
5354:Siffleur
5215:Kootenay
5195:National
5083:Crowfoot
5061:Glaciers
5027:Sunwapta
5017:Sinclair
5002:Palliser
4962:Highwood
4952:Fortress
4932:Carcajou
4788:Hungabee
4758:Columbia
4648:Terminal
4643:Sundance
4628:Sentinel
4598:Palliser
4548:Flathead
4356:US Métis
4264:Marriage
4252:Scottish
4019:Category
3913:Airports
3908:Highways
3830:Villages
3749:Monarchy
3677:Politics
3534:Category
3439:Carcajou
3326:Wabamun
3245:Tallcree
3171:Sawridge
3104:O'Chiese
2618:Red Deer
2569:Edmonton
2536:Beaumont
2465:Villages
2011:cite web
1667:July 26,
1534:See also
1484:5,029.57
1420:1,726.45
1008:Politics
767:Manitoba
742:(1861),
738:(1844),
722:and the
634:Edmonton
565:European
238:Politics
228:Case law
223:Genocide
128:Politics
99:Genocide
87:Genetics
77:Timeline
5753:Daneẕaa
5585:Elkford
5575:Canmore
5544:Nakiska
5141:Peoples
5103:Vulture
5032:Tonquin
5012:Simpson
4987:Monkman
4901:Whymper
4888:Ulysses
4878:Trinity
4863:Sulphur
4838:Sarbach
4818:Pyramid
4738:Cascade
4728:Brazeau
4708:Alberta
4668:Waputik
4623:Sawback
4613:Rainbow
4583:Massive
4578:Maligne
4400:Culture
4337:Society
4240:History
4182:(1885)
4164:(1870)
4090:people
3976:Symbols
3923:Culture
3903:Tourism
3875:Economy
3840:Hamlets
3734:Speaker
3722:Premier
3717:Cabinet
3615:History
3607:Alberta
3515:Peavine
3342:Wabasca
2593:Lacombe
2553:Camrose
2547:Calgary
2531:Airdrie
2475:Hamlets
2417:Regions
2403:Alberta
1430:Peavine
1188:density
1171:(2016)
1166:(2021)
1108:of the
911:of the
793:in the
648:History
586:Alberta
250:Culture
71:History
5824:Nakoda
5808:Nakawē
5600:Jasper
5590:Fernie
5514:Fernie
5420:Hamber
5210:Jasper
5122:Rivers
5088:Hector
5042:Wapiti
5022:Summit
4992:Muncho
4972:Jarvis
4957:Fraser
4910:Passes
4868:Temple
4848:Smythe
4833:Rundle
4828:Robson
4793:Joffre
4783:Hosmer
4778:Hector
4773:Forbes
4743:Castle
4573:Lizard
4543:Fiddle
4496:Ranges
4427:Michif
4371:People
4329:(2016)
4323:(2003)
4300:(1885)
4282:(1816)
4276:(1814)
3991:Anthem
3971:People
3966:Sports
3820:Cities
3792:Rivers
3603:Topics
3505:Kikino
2680:Alexis
2541:Brooks
2515:Cities
2455:Cities
2332:
2309:
2221:
2080:
1922:
1914:
1851:
1646:
1477:−12.8%
1451:798.95
1446:−36.2%
1386:441.69
1361:Kikino
1351:803.29
1316:348.64
1282:246.45
1248:328.42
1217:335.68
1212:−46.8%
1190:(/km)
1174:Change
854:, and
5785:Métis
5595:Field
5570:Banff
5435:Kakwa
5315:Parks
5205:Banff
5201:Parks
5108:Wapta
5093:Peyto
4967:Howse
4942:Elbow
4917:Abbot
4813:Pilot
4808:Heart
4803:Lyell
4733:Bryce
4633:Slate
4588:Misty
4407:Bungi
4088:Métis
3961:Music
3956:Métis
3931:Media
3825:Towns
3787:Lakes
3782:Parks
2752:Blood
2598:Leduc
2520:urban
2460:Towns
2240:(PDF)
2164:(PDF)
1995:(PDF)
1988:(PDF)
1920:S2CID
1561:Notes
1513:+4.8%
1471:4,858
1466:4,238
1415:+1.3%
1381:+4.7%
1346:−5.0%
1311:−7.2%
1277:−9.0%
1243:+2.0%
1183:(km)
1142:Name
624:) or
561:White
470:Stubs
465:Métis
460:Inuit
439:Index
307:Métis
276:Music
60:Métis
53:Inuit
5220:Yoho
5130:and
5126:see
5007:Pine
4927:Bush
4883:Twin
4763:Cory
4518:Blue
4508:Bare
4503:Ball
4432:Flag
3981:Flag
3727:past
3700:last
3367:166D
3362:166C
3357:166B
3352:166A
3335:133B
3330:133A
3320:155B
3315:155A
3255:173A
3181:150H
3176:150G
3032:150D
3027:150C
3022:150B
2980:167A
2943:174D
2938:174C
2876:149C
2871:149B
2866:149A
2839:201G
2834:201F
2829:201E
2824:201D
2819:201C
2814:201B
2809:201A
2762:148A
2740:163B
2735:163A
2673:134B
2668:134A
2517:and
2330:ISBN
2307:ISBN
2279:2022
2248:2013
2219:ISSN
2147:2018
2078:ISSN
2047:2018
2017:link
2003:2014
1971:2018
1946:2021
1912:ISSN
1881:2018
1849:ISSN
1812:2018
1787:2014
1757:2014
1731:2018
1706:2018
1669:2023
1644:ISSN
1455:0.5
1442:607
1439:387
1424:0.3
1411:544
1408:551
1390:2.2
1377:934
1374:978
1355:0.8
1342:658
1339:625
1320:1.2
1307:446
1304:414
1286:2.4
1273:653
1270:594
1252:0.9
1239:304
1236:310
1221:1.1
1208:712
1205:379
1181:area
1179:Land
1176:(%)
834:and
805:and
783:1885
781:and
779:1869
769:and
559:and
387:NAPA
5661:WWF
5641:CEC
5073:Bow
4947:Elk
4618:Ram
4533:Elk
4523:Bow
3605:on
3409:228
3404:227
3399:226
3347:166
3310:155
3250:173
3109:203
3047:231
3042:230
3037:229
2975:167
2933:174
2861:149
2804:201
2757:148
2730:163
2685:133
2663:134
2209:doi
2070:doi
1904:doi
1839:doi
1634:doi
1526:6.7
1490:0.8
1149:or
826:3.
678:by
298:AB
256:Art
5850::
2269:.
2256:^
2217:.
2205:41
2203:.
2199:.
2166:.
2138:.
2076:.
2066:33
2064:.
2038:.
2025:^
2013:}}
2009:{{
1962:.
1918:.
1910:.
1900:27
1898:.
1872:.
1861:^
1847:.
1835:24
1833:.
1829:.
1803:.
1773:.
1722:.
1697:.
1642:.
1630:36
1628:.
1624:.
1612:^
968:.
882:.
873:.
850:,
644:.
339:SK
334:QC
329:ON
324:MB
319:BC
302:FN
5734:e
5727:t
5720:v
4481:e
4474:t
4467:v
4075:e
4068:t
4061:v
3730:)
3724:(
3703:)
3697:(
3595:e
3588:t
3581:v
2394:e
2387:t
2380:v
2338:.
2315:.
2281:.
2250:.
2225:.
2211::
2184:.
2149:.
2084:.
2072::
2049:.
2019:)
2005:.
1973:.
1948:.
1926:.
1906::
1883:.
1855:.
1841::
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1789:.
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1636::
701:)
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672:.
563:/
555:/
524:e
517:t
510:v
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