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2306:, appealed repeatedly to King for Canadian support in the crisis. King coldly replied that the Canadian Parliament would decide what policy to follow, making clear it would not be bound by London's suggestions. King wrote in his diary of the British appeal: "I confess it annoyed me. It is drafted designedly to play the imperial game, to test out centralization versus autonomy as regards European wars...No contingent will go without parliament being summoned in the first instance". The British were disappointed with King's response but the crisis was soon resolved, as King had anticipated. After Chanak, King was concerned about the possibility that Canada might go to war because of its connections with Britain, writing to
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3145:'s declaration. In 1939, King asserted Canada's autonomy and convened the House of Commons on September 7, nearly a month ahead of schedule, to discuss the government's intention to enter the war. King affirmed Canadian autonomy by saying that the Canadian Parliament would make the final decision on the issue of going to war. He reassured the pro-British Canadians that Parliament would surely decide that Canada would be at Britain's side if Great Britain was drawn into a major war. At the same time, he reassured those who were suspicious of British influence in Canada by promising that Canada would not participate in British colonial wars. His
3358:, which began to remove their personal rights. Starting on December 8, 1941, 1,200 Japanese-Canadian-owned fishing vessels were impounded as a "defence measure." On January 14, 1942, the federal government passed an order calling for the removal of male Japanese nationals between 18 and 45 years of age from a designated protected area of 100 miles inland from the British Columbia coast, enacted a ban against Japanese-Canadian fishing during the war, banned shortwave radios and controlled the sale of gasoline and dynamite to Japanese Canadians. Japanese nationals removed from the coast after the January 14 order were sent to road camps around
3799:. Some historians argue that he sought personal reassurance from the spirit world, more than political advice. After his death, one of his mediums said that she had not realized that he was a politician. King did inquire whether his party would win the 1935 election, one of the few times politics came up during his seances. However Allan Levine argues that sometimes he did pay attention to the political implications of his seances: "All of his spiritualist experiences, his other superstitions and his multi-paranoid reactions imprinted on his consciousness, shaping his thoughts and feelings in a thousand different ways."
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2524:, but was slow to respond to the mounting crisis. He felt that the crisis was a temporary swing of the business cycle and that the economy would soon recover without government intervention. Critics said he was out of touch. Just prior to the election, King carelessly remarked that he "would not give a five-cent piece" to Tory provincial governments for unemployment relief. The opposition made this remark a catch-phrase; the main issue was the deterioration in the economy and whether the prime minister was out of touch with the hardships of ordinary people. The Liberals lost the
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1939, compulsory contributions for pensions for low-income widows and orphans were introduced (although these only covered the regularly employed) while depressed farmers were subsidized from that same year onwards. In 1944, family allowances were introduced. King had various arguments in favour of family allowances, one of which, as noted by one study, was that family allowances "would mean better food, clothing and medical and dental care for children in low-income families." From 1948 the federal government subsidized medical services in the provinces.
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1905:. It went over the heads of most readers, but revealed the practical idealism behind King's political thinking. He argued that capital and labour were natural allies, not foes, and that the community at large (represented by the government) should be the third and decisive party in industrial disputes. He expressed derision for syndicates and trades unions, chastising them for aiming at the "destruction by force of existing organization, and the transfer of industrial capital from the present possessors" to themselves.
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2819:(CBC), which was a crown corporation. The CBC had a better organizational structure, more secure funding through the use of a licence fee on receiving sets (initially set at $ 2.50), and less vulnerability to political pressure. When Bennett's Conservatives were governing and the Liberals were in Opposition, the Liberals accused the network of being biased towards the Conservatives. During the 1935 election campaign, the CRBC broadcast a series of 15 minutes soap operas called
2129:, for example, was initially planned to be a civic plaza to balance the nearby federal presence of Parliament Hill and was turned into a war memorial. The Great War monument was not installed until the 1939 royal visit, and King intended that the replanning of the capital would be the World War I memorial. However, the symbolic meaning of the World War I monument gradually expanded to become the place of remembrance for all Canadian war sacrifices and includes a war memorial.
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2360:, founded in 1909, to further promote Canadian autonomy from Britain. The new department took some time to develop, but over time it significantly increased the reach and projection of Canadian diplomacy. Prior to this, Canada had relied on British diplomats who owed their first loyalty to London. After the KingβByng episode, King recruited many high-calibre people for the new venture, including future prime minister
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2584:. King also denounced the "blank cheques" parliament was asked to approve for relief and delayed the passage of these bills despite the objections of some Liberals who feared the public might conclude that the Liberals had no sympathy for those struggling. Each year, after the throne speech and the budget, King introduced amendments that blamed the depression on Bennett's policy of high tariffs.
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1555:. King had three siblings: older sister Isabel "Bella" Christina Grace (1873β1915), younger sister Janet "Jennie" Lindsey (1876β1962) and younger brother Dougall Macdougall "Max" (1878β1922). Within his family, he was known as Willie; during his university years, he adopted W. L. Mackenzie King as his signature and began using Mackenzie as his preferred name with those outside the family.
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2990:. Anglophones stood behind Britain and were willing to fight Germany. King, who served as his own secretary of state for external affairs (foreign minister), said privately that if he had to choose he would not be neutral, but he made no public statement. All of Canada was relieved that the Munich Agreement, while sacrificing the sovereignty of Czechoslovakia, seemed to bring peace.
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3554:. However, they were able to govern with a working majority with the support of eight "Independent Liberal" MPs (most of whom did not run as official Liberals because of their opposition to conscription). The Liberals' decline in support was partly attributed to the introduction of conscription, which was unpopular in many parts of Canada. As King was defeated in his own riding of
1894:; he faced criticism for not serving in Canada's military and instead working for the Rockefellers. But he was nearly 40 years old when the war began, and was not in good physical condition. He never gave up his Ottawa home, and travelled to the United States on an as-needed basis, performing service to the war effort by helping to keep war-related industries running smoothly.
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Canadian society. His strength was apparent when he synthesized, built support for, and passed measures that had reached a level of broad national support. Advances in the welfare state were an example. His successors, especially
Diefenbaker, Pearson, and Trudeau built the welfare state which he had advanced during the Second World War into the modern cradle-to-grave system.
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to the so-called 'imperial solidarity' as any attempt at interference in questions of purely domestic concern. If membership within the
British Commonwealth means participation by the Dominions in any and every war in which Great Britain becomes involved, without consultation, conference, or agreement of any kind in advance, I can see no hope for an enduring relationship.
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3296:. He held it despite the ongoing war, unlike Britain, which formed a government of national unity and did not hold a wartime election. King won a second consecutive landslide victory, winning 179 seats – 6 more than in 1935. This was the Liberals' most successful result as of 2023 (in terms of proportion of seats). The
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farmers "at rates of interest and under terms not obtainable from the usual sources," while other measures were carried out such as preventative measures against foot and mouth disease and the establishment of grading standards "to assist in the marketing of agricultural products" both at home and overseas. In addition, the
2125:. King's greatest impact was as the political champion for the planning and development of Ottawa, Canada's national capital. His plans, much of which were completed in the two decades after his death, were part of a century of federal planning that repositioned Ottawa as a national space in the City Beautiful style.
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1817:, which he had shaped during his civil and parliamentary service. The legislation significantly improved the financial situation for millions of Canadian workers. In 1910 Mackenzie King introduced a bill aimed at establishing an 8-hour day on public works but it was killed in the Senate. He lost his seat in the
1967:(1876β1941), later King's long-time lieutenant in Quebec. King could not speak French, but in election after election for the next 20 years (save for 1930), Lapointe produced the critical seats to give the Liberals control of the Commons. When campaigning in Quebec, King portrayed Lapointe as co-prime minister.
2016:, winning a narrow majority of 118 out of 235 seats. The Conservatives won 50, the newly formed Progressive Party won 58 (but declined to form the official Opposition), and the remaining ten seats went to Labour MPs and Independents; most of these ten supported the Progressives. King became prime minister.
3231:, and providing combat troops for the invasions of Italy, France and Germany in 1943β45. King proved highly successful in mobilizing the economy for war, with impressive results in industrial and agricultural output. The depression ended, prosperity returned, and Canada's economy expanded significantly.
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was King's boyhood home. The estate has over 4.65 hectares of garden and parkland for exploring and relaxing, and the house has been restored to reflect life during King's era. There is a MacKenzie King Public School in the
Heritage Park neighbourhood in Kitchener. Kitchener was known as Berlin until
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Scholars attribute King's long tenure as party leader to his wide range of skills that were appropriate to Canada's needs. King kept a very candid diary from 1893, when he was still an undergraduate, until a few days before his death in 1950; the volumes, stacked in a row, span a length of over seven
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heroes within whom good and evil were struggling. He thought that good would eventually triumph and Hitler would redeem his people and lead them to a harmonious, uplifting future. These spiritual attitudes not only guided Canada's relations with Hitler but gave the prime minister the comforting sense
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Over the next thirteen years, a wide range of reforms similar to those association with the New Deal were realized during
Mackenzie King's last period in office as prime minister. In 1937, the age for blind persons to qualify for old-age pensions was reduced to 40 in 1937, and later to 21 in 1947. In
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The office of
Minister of Employment and Immigration, and Minister of Labour were abolished and the office of Minister of Human Resources Development went in force on July 12, 1996. Under the new provisions, a Minister of Labour may be appointed. However, when no Minister of Labour is appointed, the
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interests were kept secret during his years in office, and only became publicized after his death when his diaries were opened. Readers were amazed and for some, King was saddled with the moniker "Weird Willie." King communed with spirits, using seances with paid mediums. Thereby, he claimed to have
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The provincial governments faced declining revenues and higher welfare costs. They needed federal grants and loans to reduce their deficits. In a
December 1935 conference with the premiers, King announced that the federal grants would be increased until the spring of 1936. At this stage, King's main
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Trade
Agreement. It marked the turning point in Canadian-American economic relations, reversing the disastrous trade war of 1930β31, lowering tariffs, and yielding a dramatic increase in trade. More subtly, it revealed to the prime minister and President Roosevelt that they could work together well.
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Anything like centralization in London, to say nothing of a direct or indirect attempt on the part of those in office in
Downing Street to tell the people of the Dominions what they should or should not do, and to dictate their duty in matters of foreign policy, is certain to prove just as injurious
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scandal, this time in the
Department of Customs, was revealed, which led to more support for the Conservatives and Progressives, and the possibility that King would be forced to resign, if he lost sufficient support in the Commons. King had no personal connection to this scandal, although one of his
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King had a long-standing concern with city planning and the development of the national capital, since he had been trained in the settlement house movement and envisioned town planning and garden cities as a component of his broader program of social reform. He drew on four broad traditions in early
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During his first term of office, from 1921 to 1926, King sought to lower wartime taxes and, especially, wartime ethnic and labour tensions. "The War is over", he argued, "and for a long time to come it is going to take all that the energies of man can do to bridge the chasm and heal the wounds which
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in New York City, to head its new
Department of Industrial Research. It paid $ 12,000 per year, compared to the meagre $ 2,500 per year the Liberal Party was paying. He worked for the Foundation until 1918, forming a close working association and friendship with Rockefeller, advising him through the
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King's father was a lawyer with a struggling practice in a small city, and never enjoyed financial security. His parents lived a life of shabby gentility, employing servants and tutors they could scarcely afford, although their financial situation improved somewhat following a move to Toronto around
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Quebec provincial government in 1939 and the Liberals' re-election in the 1940 election. But after the fall of France in 1940, Canada introduced conscription for home service (conscription meant for the defence of Canada only). Only volunteers were to be sent overseas. King wanted to avoid a repeat
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the broad powers of removing people from any protected area in Canada, but was meant for Japanese Canadians on the Pacific coast in particular. On February 25, the federal government announced that Japanese Canadians were being moved for reasons of national security. In all, some 27,000 people were
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for the second time. King began his years as Opposition leader convinced that his government did not deserve defeat and that his government's financial caution helped the economy prosper. He blamed the financial crisis on the speculative excesses of businessmen and on the weather cycle. King argued
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King never married, but had several close female friends, including Joan Patteson, a married woman with whom he spent some of his leisure time; sometimes she served as hostess at his dinner parties. He did not have a wife who could be the hostess all the time and handle the many social obligations
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in 1943 β technically North American soil and therefore not "overseas" β but the mix of Canadian volunteers and draftees found that the Japanese troops had fled before their arrival. Otherwise, King continued with a campaign to recruit volunteers, hoping to address the problem with the shortage of
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King's policy was to refrain from offering advice or alternative policies. Indeed, his policy preferences were not much different from Bennett's, and he let the Conservative government have its way. Though he gave the impression of sympathy with progressive and liberal causes, he had no enthusiasm
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wrote, "Mackenzie King has continued to intrigue Canadians. Critics argue that his political longevity was achieved by evasions and indecision, and that he failed to provide creative leadership. His defenders argue that he gradually changed Canada, a difficult country to govern, while keeping the
3263:) threatened to resign if Duplessis won re-election, claiming that no one would be left to stand up for Quebec in the Cabinet if conscription become an issue again. In his diary, King called Duplessis "diabolic" and a "little Hitler", believing Duplessis's aim was to provoke such a crisis between
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gradually gained influence and power, and King was able to reach an accommodation with him on policy matters. In any event, the Progressive caucus lacked the party discipline that was traditionally enforced by the Liberals and Conservatives. The Progressives had campaigned on a promise that their
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The Liberal Party was deeply divided by Quebec's opposition to conscription and the agrarian revolt in Ontario and the Prairies. Levin argues that when King returned to politics in 1919, he was a rusty outsider with a weak base facing a nation bitterly split by language, regionalism and class. He
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to his middle-of-the-road liberalism. Indeed, he came close to writing off the region with his comment that the prairie dust bowl was "part of the U.S. desert area. I doubt if it will be of any real use again." Instead he paid more attention to the industrial regions and the needs of Ontario and
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program was instituted in August 1940 under the King government after a constitutional amendment was agreed to by all of the Canadian provinces, to concede to the federal government legislative power over unemployment insurance. New Brunswick, Alberta and Quebec had held out against the federal
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Measures were also carried out to support farmers. In 1922, for instance, a measure was introduced and passed "restoring the Crow's Nest Pass railways rates on grain and flour moving eastwards from the prairie provinces." A Farm Loan Board was set up to provide rural credit; advancing funds to
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says, "King had made 'Parliament will decide' his maxim, and he trotted it out whenever he wished to avoid a decision." King was keenly sensitive to the nuances of public policy; he was a workaholic with a shrewd and penetrating intelligence and a profound understanding of the complexities of
2905:, believed this would harm the Liberal Party's electoral chances in Quebec. King and his English-Canadian ministers accepted Lapointe's view; as King wrote in his diary in July 1938, "we were prepared to accept what really should not, in the name of liberalism, be tolerated for one moment."
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The world will yet come to see a very great manβmystic in Hitler ... I cannot abide in Nazism β the regimentation β cruelty β oppression of Jews β attitude towards religion, etc., but Hitler ... will rank some day with Joan of Arc among the deliverers of his
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the ownership of the crown lands within those provinces, as well as the subsoil rights; these in particular would become increasingly important, as petroleum and other natural resources proved very abundant. In collaboration with the provincial governments, he inaugurated a system of
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King studied law and political economy in the 1890s and became concerned with issues of social welfare. He later obtained a PhD β the only Canadian prime minister to have done so. In 1900, he became deputy minister of the Canadian government's new Department of Labour. He entered the
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On June 24, 1940, King's government presented the first $ 1 billion budget in Canadian history. It included $ 700 million in war expenses compared to $ 126 million in the 1939β1940 fiscal year; however, due to the war, the overall economy was the strongest in Canadian history.
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that the worst mistake Canada could react to the Depression was to raise tariffs and restrict international trade. He believed that over time, voters would learn that they had been deceived by Bennett and would come to appreciate the King government's policy of frugality and
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government of Quebec, which justified the decision on their interpretation that King was acting merely as a host for the meeting between Roosevelt and Churchill. Canadian federalists, however, accused the government of Quebec of trying to advance their own political agenda.
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stated that the United Kingdom would have a seat at the table or be a signatory to any agreement Canada was part of. King argued the situation only concerned Canada and the United States. After, the British accepted King's intentions to send a separate Canadian diplomat to
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argues that King's wartime policies, "may not have been exciting or satisfying, but they were effective and successful. That is why, practically alone among wartime governments, his continued to enjoy public support after as well as during the Second World War." Historian
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with the United States. The treaty annually prohibited commercial fishing from November 16 to February 15; violation would result in seizure. The agreement was notable in which Canada negotiated it without a British delegate at the table and without ratification from the
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Quitting the Rockefeller Foundation in February 1918, King became an independent consultant on labour issues for the next two years, earning $ 1,000 per week from leading American corporations. Even so, he kept his official residence in Ottawa, hoping for a call to duty.
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King lacked a commanding presence or oratorical skills; he did not shine on the radio or in newsreels. There was scant charisma. Cold and tactless in human relations, he had allies but very few close personal friends. His allies were annoyed by his constant intrigues.
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of 1938 made provision for the building of low-rent housing. Another Housing Act was later passed in 1944 with the intention of providing federally guaranteed loans or mortgages to individuals who wished to repair or construct dwellings through their own initiative.
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reported that, while he had "the greatest respect for" and "hesitated to disagree with" the RCMP, "every law enforcement agency in this province, including ... the military officials charged with local internal security, are unanimous that a grave menace exists."
2056:. King faced a delicate balancing act of reducing tariffs enough to please the Prairie-based Progressives, but not so much as to alienate his vital supporters in industrial Ontario and Quebec, who perceived tariffs were necessary to compete with American imports.
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immigration to Canada. Immigration from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, but only the Chinese were completely prohibited from immigrating. This was after various members of the federal and some provincial governments (especially
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During the war, Canada rapidly expanded its diplomatic missions abroad. While Canada hosted two major Allied conferences in Quebec in 1943 and 1944, neither King nor his senior generals and admirals were invited to take part in any of the discussions.
2383:. King asserted Canadian autonomy against the British government's attempts to turn the Commonwealth into an alliance. His biographer asserts that "in this struggle Mackenzie King was the constant aggressor". The Canadian High Commissioner to Britain,
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in 1939. It was created to produce and distribute films serving the national interest and was intended specifically to make Canada better known both domestically and internationally. Gierson was appointed the first film commissioner in October 1939.
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outmaneuvered more senior competitors by embracing Laurier's legacy, championing labour interests, calling for welfare reform, and offering solid opposition to the Conservative rivals. When Laurier died in 1919, King was elected leader in the first
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in 1920, he wrote in his diary, "I thought of the New Day, the New Social Order. It seems like Heaven's prophecy of the dawn of a new era, revealed to me." Pragmatism played a role as well, since his party depended for its survival on the votes of
1716:, a publication that explored complex labour issues. Later that year, he was appointed as deputy minister of the Canadian government's new Department of Labour, and became active in policy domains from Japanese immigration to railways, notably the
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was held on July 22, 1948, and 52.3 percent of voters decided that Newfoundland should enter Canada. After, Smallwood negotiated the terms of entry with King. Newfoundland entered Confederation on March 31, 1949, becoming Canada's tenth province.
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1606:, which included a number of these individuals (two future Ontario Supreme Court Justices and the future chairman of the university itself). It encouraged debate on political ideas. He also was simultaneously a part of the Literary Society with
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1999 34(1): 93β111; argues Lapointe guided the more imperialist Mackenzie King through three explosive situations: the Ethiopian crisis of 1935, the Munich crisis of 1938, and the formulation of Ottawa's 'no-neutrality-no-conscription' pact in
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years, King retired from politics in late 1948. He died of pneumonia in mid-1950. King's personality was complex; biographers agree on the personal characteristics that made him distinctive. He lacked the charisma of such contemporaries as
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on the issue, asking the nation to relieve him of the commitment he had made during the election campaign. In the House of Commons on June 10, 1942, he said that his policy was "not necessarily conscription but conscription if necessary".
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examined King's secret life in detail, argued that King did not allow his beliefs to influence his decisions on political matters. Stacey wrote that King entirely gave up his interests in the occult and spiritualism during World War II.
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metres and comprise over 50,000 manuscript pages of typed transcribed text. One biographer called these diaries "the most important single political document in twentieth-century Canadian history," for they explain motivations of the
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Some historians have interpreted passages in his diaries as suggesting that King regularly had sexual relations with prostitutes. Others, also basing their claims on passages of his diaries, have suggested that King was in love with
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1770:, British Columbia. Following the investigation King reported that white women were also opium users, not just Chinese men, and the federal government used the report to justify the first legislation outlawing narcotics in Canada.
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of a higher mission, that of helping to lead Hitler to peace. King commented in his journal that "he is really one who truly loves his fellow-men, and his country, and would make any sacrifice for their good". King forecast that:
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3153:, promised French Canadians that the government would not introduce conscription for overseas service; individual participation would be voluntary. These promises made it possible for Parliament to agree almost unanimously to
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Reductions in taxation were carried out such as exemptions under the sales tax on commodities and enlarged exemptions of income tax, while in 1929 taxes on cables, telegrams, and railway and steamship tickets were removed.
1504:. Cold and tactless in human relations, he lacked oratorical skill and his personality did not resonate with the electorate. He had many political allies but very few close personal friends. He kept secret his beliefs in
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detained without charge or trial, and their property confiscated. Others were deported to Japan. King and his Cabinet received conflicting intelligence reports about the potential threat from the Japanese. Major General
2532:. The popular vote was very close between the two parties, with the Liberals actually earning more votes than in 1926, but the Conservatives had a geographical advantage that turned into enough seats to give a majority.
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French Canadians voted against conscription, with over 70 percent opposed, but an overwhelming majority β over 80 percent β of English Canadians supported it. French and English conscripts were sent to fight in the
2243:, ceased to be subordinate to the United Kingdom. Thus, the governor general ceased to represent the British government and was solely the personal representative of the sovereign while becoming a representative of
2696:'s theory that governments could increase employment by spending during times of low private investment. In a politically motivated move, King accepted their arguments and hence ran deficits in both 1938 and 1939.
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left him in charge one afternoon with instructions to fire King if he showed up. When Hewitt sat at the editor's desk, King showed up a few minutes later and resigned before Hewitt could tell him he was fired.
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allowed King to continue leading Canada through the war. He mobilized Canadian money, supplies, and volunteers to support Britain while boosting the economy and maintaining morale on the home front. To satisfy
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Agreement, which was signed in Ottawa in December 1939, binding Canada, Britain, New Zealand and Australia to a program that eventually trained half the airmen from those four nations in the Second World War.
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MP's would represent their constituents first. King used this to his advantage, as he could always count on at least a handful of Progressive MPs to shore up his near-majority position for any crucial vote.
2615:) to the underprivileged, speaking of a new era where "poverty and adversity, want and misery are the enemies which liberalism will seek to banish from the land". Once again, King appointed himself as
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3704:(held exactly 29 years after King became Liberal leader) picked St. Laurent, King's personal choice, as the new leader of the Liberal Party. Three months later, on November 15, King retired after
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that Canada would only go to war if Britain were directly attacked, and that if the British were to become involved in a continental war then Chamberlain was not to expect Canadian support.
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2196:, Arthur Meighen, to form government. Although the Conservatives held more seats in the House than any other party, they did not control a majority. They were soon themselves defeated on a
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years as prime minister. King was the longest-serving prime minister in Canadian history; he also served in the most parliaments (six, in three non-consecutive periods) as prime minister.
2573:(which Bennett eventually tried to emulate, after floundering without solutions for several years), and he never advocated massive government action to alleviate the Depression in Canada.
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1692:. While at the University of Chicago, he participated on their track team as a half-mile runner. He earned an MA in political economy from Harvard in 1898. In 1909, Harvard granted him a
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degree for a dissertation titled "Publicity and Public Opinion as Factors in the Solution of Industrial Problems in Canada." He is the only Canadian Prime Minister to have earned a PhD.
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farmers, who favoured a board that would give them a guaranteed minimum price, with the federal government covering any losses. Facing a public campaign to keep the board, King and his
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For the first time in his political career, King led an undisputed Liberal majority government. Upon his return to office in October 1935, he seemed to demonstrate a commitment (like
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evaluates the King government's economic performance. He reports, "Canada's economic management was generally judged the most successful of all the countries engaged in the war."
2897:), which intimidated labour leaders by threatening to lock up their offices for any alleged communist activities. King's government, which had already repealed the section of the
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3524:, he accepted it as these measures aligned with his concern for people struggling financially. There were political motives too; the Liberals needed to compete with the rising
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own appointees was at the heart of it. Opposition leader Meighen unleashed his fierce invective towards King, stating he was hanging onto power "like a lobster with lockjaw".`
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Labour Legislation in Canada A Historical Outline of the Principal Dominion and Provincial Labour Laws, August, 1945 By Canada. Department of Labour. Legislation Branch, 1945
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Until 1909, the office of the minister of Labour was a secondary function of the Postmaster-General of Canada. W. L. M. King was the first to hold the office independently.
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children's poem, which reads "William Lyon Mackenzie King / He sat in the middle and played with string / He loved his mother like anything / William Lyon Mackenzie King."
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Gordon, David L.A.; Osborne, Brian S. (October 2004). "Constructing national identity in Canada's capital, 1900β2000: Confederation Square and the National War Memorial".
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King's government introduced the National Employment Commission in 1936. As for the unemployed, King was hostile to federal relief. However, the first compulsory national
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3193:, in August 1940 that provided for the close cooperation of Canadian and American forces, despite the fact that the U.S. remained officially neutral until the bombing of
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Following the publication of King's diaries in the 1970s, several fictional works about him were published by Canadian writers. These included Elizabeth Gourlay's novel
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Sugiman, Pamela. "Life is Sweet: Vulnerability and Composure in the Wartime Narratives of Japanese Canadians". Journals of Canadian Studies. Winter 2009: 186-218, 262.
1731:. Harper dove into the water to try to save her, and perished in the attempt. King led the effort to raise a memorial to Harper, which resulted in the erection of the
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in London, England. He played a central role in fomenting a students' strike at the university in 1895. He was in close touch, behind the scenes, with Vice-Chancellor
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on September 9. On September 10, King, through his high commissioner in London, issued a request to King George VI, asking him, in his capacity as King of Canada, to
1602:
in 1897, all from the university. While studying in Toronto he met a wide circle of friends, many of whom became prominent. He was an early member and officer of the
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notes, "the scholars expressed little admiration for King the man but offered unbounded admiration for his political skills and attention to Canadian unity." King is
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by conscripts posted in British Columbia, but the war ended a few months later. In all, 12,908 conscripts were sent to fight abroad, though only 2,463 saw combat.
3141:
and began mobilizing on August 25, 1939, with full mobilization on September 1, 1939, the day Germany invaded Poland. In 1914, Canada was at war by virtue of King
2149:. King held onto power with the support of the Progressives. A corruption scandal discovered late in his first term involved misdeeds around the expansion of the
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Despite prolonged negotiations, King was unable to attract the Progressives into his government, but once Parliament opened, he relied on their support to defeat
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Under King's administration, the Canadian government, responding to strong public opinion, especially in Quebec, refused to expand immigration opportunities for
1859:, which subsequently set the stage for a new era in labour management in America. King became one of the earliest expert practitioners in the emerging field of
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for 1938. However, some colleagues, to King's surprise, opposed that idea and instead favoured job creation to stimulate the economy, citing British economist
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largely on the issue of the right of Canadians to govern themselves and against the interference of the Crown. The Liberal Party was returned to power with a
1633:. King failed to gain his immediate objective, a teaching position at the university but earned political credit with Mulock, the man who would invite him to
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2251:. On September 14, King and his party won the election with a plurality of seats in the Commons: 116 seats to the Conservatives' 91 in a 245-member House.
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dealt decisively with this crisis, the first of its type in Canada's history. St. Laurent succeeded King as external affairs minister in September 1946.
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which were critical of King and the Liberal Party. Decried as political propaganda, the incident was one factor in King's decision to replace the CRBC.
2219:, which bolstered King's position on the issue and the position of the Prime Minister generally. King later pushed for greater Canadian autonomy at the
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passed a resolution criticizing King's government for not fighting the war "in the vigorous manner the people of Canada desire to see", King dissolved
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In domestic affairs, King strengthened the Liberal policy of increasing the powers of the provincial governments by transferring to the governments of
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Members of Parliament, many of whom who represented farmers in Ontario and the Prairies. He convinced many Progressives to return to the Liberal fold.
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Fujiwara, Aya. "Japanese-Canadian Internally Displaced Persons:Labour Relations and Ethno-Religious Identity in Southern Alberta, 1942β1953. Page 65
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in downtown Ottawa, built following World War II, is named in his honour to recognize his contributions to the land planning of the city of Ottawa.
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3137:"negotiated in Munich with Adolf Hitler in September 1938, Mackenzie King, Canada's Prime Minister, grew agitated." King realized the likelihood of
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arrived, the Bennett government was heavily unpopular due to their handling of the depression. Using the slogan "King or Chaos", the Liberals won a
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that he tried to downplay. Editor Charles Bowman reports that, "He felt the lack of a wife, particularly when social duties called for a hostess."
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2960:. Possessing a religious yearning for direct insight into the hidden mysteries of life and the universe, and strongly influenced by the operas of
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in 1935, he accepted its operation. However, by 1938, the board had sold its holdings and King proposed returning to the open market. This angered
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to stay in contact with departed associates and particularly with his mother, and allowed his intense spirituality to distort his understanding of
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Kobayashi, Audrey. "The Japanese-Canadian redress settlement and its implications for βrace relationsβ" Canadian Ethnic Studies. Vol. 24, Issue 1.
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told Ottawa, "I cannot see that the Japanese Canadians constitute the slightest menace to national security." In contrast, BC's attorney general,
1219:, he was the dominant politician in Canada from the early 1920s to the late 1940s. King is best known for his leadership of Canada throughout the
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King left no published political memoirs, although his private diaries were extensively detailed. His main published work remains his 1918 book
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and Queen Elizabethβthroughout their 1939 cross-Canada tour, as well as on their American visit, a few months before the start of World War II.
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from the American coastline. A historian of internment, Ann Sunahara, argues that "the American action sealed the fate of Japanese Canadians."
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Sunahara, Ann. "The Politics of Racism: The Uprooting of Japanese Canadians During the Second World War." Toronto: J, Larimer, 1981. Pg 47-48.
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in May 1939 provided against refusal to hire, or dismissal, "solely because of a person's membership in a lawful trade-union or association".
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in 1944. In November 1944, the government decided it was necessary to send conscripts for the war. This led to a brief political crisis (see
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was passed, which safeguarded the rights of workers to join unions while requiring employers to recognize unions chosen by their employees.
1941:, which focused almost entirely on the conscription issue. Unable to overcome a landslide against Laurier, King lost in the constituency of
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In June 1926, King, facing a House of Commons vote connected to the customs scandal that could force his government to resign, advised the
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Pennanen, Gary (March 1997). "Battle of the Titans: Mitchell Hepburn, Mackenzie King, Franklin Roosevelt, and the St. Lawrence Seaway".
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that a request for dissolution was refused; and, to date, the only time the governor general of Canada has done so. Byng instead asked
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While deputy minister of labour, King was appointed to investigate the causes of and claims for compensation resulting from the 1907
1307:
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Blackburn, Robert H. (1988). "Mackenzie King, William Mulock, James Mavor, and the University of Toronto Students' Revolt of 1895".
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The Federal Home Improvement Plan of 1937 provided subsidized rates of interest on rehabilitation loans to 66,900 homes, while the
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was aimed at safeguarding consumers and producers from exploitation. A Fair Wages and Eight Hours Day Act was introduced in 1930.
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Minister of Human Resources Development shall exercise the powers and perform the duties and functions of the Minister of Labour.
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3011:. King's government was widely criticized for its antisemitic policies and refusal to admit Jewish refugees. Most famously, when
2372:. This project was a key element of his overall strategy, setting Canada on a course independent of Britain, of former colonizer
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The Second Quebec Conference Revisited: Waging War, Formulating Peace: Canada, Great Britain, and the United States in 1944β1945
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party, the Conservatives, won the same number of seats as R. B. Bennett did in the 1935 election. King's relationship with
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and call an election. Byng refused and instead invited the Conservatives to form government, who briefly held office but lost a
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Macfarlane, John. "Double Vision: Ernest Lapointe, Mackenzie King and the Quebec Voice in Canadian Foreign Policy, 1935β1939,"
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1890, where King lived with them for several years in a duplex on Beverley Street while studying at the University of Toronto.
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King established a post-war agenda that lowered wartime taxes, moderately reduced tariffs, and developed the national capital,
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Franklin Roosevelt and the Origins of the Canadian-American Security Alliance, 1933β1945: Necessary, but Not Necessary Enough
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J. L. Granatstein, "Happily on the Margins: Mackenzie King and Canada at the Quebec Conferences," in David B. Woolner, ed.,
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reactor becoming operational in 1947; at the time, NRX was the only operational nuclear reactor outside the United States.
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goal was to have a federal system in which each level of government would pay for its programs out of its own tax sources.
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After the war, King quickly dismantled wartime controls. Unlike World War I, press censorship ended with the hostilities.
3219:, despite Canada's major role in supplying food, raw materials, munitions, and money to the hard-pressed British economy,
2768:, reluctantly extended the board's life and offered a minimum price that would protect the farmers from further declines.
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government's desire to amend the constitution but ultimately acceded to its request, Alberta being the last to do so. The
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of 1942 provided an impetus to the provinces to set up facilities for postsecondary vocational training, and in 1948 the
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Courtney, John C. (March 1976). "Prime Ministerial Character: An Examination of Mackenzie King's Political Leadership".
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Cooper, Barry (1978β1979). "On Reading Industry and Humanity: a Study in the Rhetoric Underlying Liberal Management".
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Throughout his tenure, King led Canada from a dominion with responsible government to an autonomous nation within the
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and occult activities a penchant for forging unities from antitheses, thus having latent political import. Historian
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With his health declining, King declared in May 1948 that he would not be Liberal leader going in the next election.
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based on need and removed taxes on cables, telegrams, and railway and steamship tickets. King's slow reaction to the
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Particularly after the fall of France in June 1940, Canadian food exports provided an essential lifeline to Britain.
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Mackenzie King, by Norman McLeod Rogers; a revised and extended edition of a biographical sketch by John Lewis, 1925
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Boucher, Marc T. (1985β1986). "The Politics of Economic Depression: Canadian-American Relations in the Mid-1930s".
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to once again enter Canada. Ukrainian immigration resumed after restrictions were put in place during World War I.
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only five years later. While studying at the University of Toronto, King also contributed to the campus newspaper,
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Courtney, John C. (1976). "Prime Ministerial Character: An Examination of Mackenzie King's Political Leadership".
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King had plans to write his memoirs. However, he did not enjoy a lengthy retirement and died on July 22, 1950, at
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such as Canada should be given an influence on the UN based on their contributions to the settlement of disputes.
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Section 91 was amended by adding in a heading designated Number 2A simply in the words "Unemployment Insurance".
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1963:, defeating his three rivals on the fourth ballot. He won thanks to the support of the Quebec bloc, organized by
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4293:, the Right Honourable William Lyon Mackenzie King, P.C., C.M.G., would be awarded the medal as a member of the
4257:, The Right Honourable William Lyon Mackenzie King, P.C., C.M.G., would be awarded the medal as a member of the
2298:, while the Conservative leader, Arthur Meighen, supported Britain. King sought a Canadian voice independent of
1364:
The Conservative government's response to the depression was heavily unpopular, and King returned to power in a
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4022:, near Ottawa, to the Government of Canada and most of the estate was incorporated into the federally managed
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8763:"University of Toronto Honorary Degree Recipients : 1850β2016 : Sorted by Date of Degree Conferral"
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King was ranked as the greatest Canadian Prime Minister by a survey of Canadian historians. King was named a
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to study the situation of the government's film production (which at that time was the responsibility of the
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motions from the Conservatives. King was opposed in some policies by the Progressives, who opposed the high
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2286:, first Canadian Envoy to the United States, at the Canadian Legation during a visit to Washington in 1927
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Wardhaugh, Robert A. (1996). "A Marriage of Convenience? Mackenzie King and Prince Albert Constituency".
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2499:, speaking on Parliament Hill during a ceremony celebrating the Diamond Jubilee of Confederation in 1927
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King's term as minister of labour was marked by two significant achievements. He led the passage of the
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3015:, an immigration official in King's party, was asked how many Jewish refugees Canada would admit after
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2161:. The resulting press coverage damaged King's party in the election. Early in his second term, another
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in alliance with the U.S. and Britain. He dealt with the espionage revelations of Soviet cipher clerk
1727:, died heroically during a skating party when a young woman fell through the ice of the partly frozen
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Keyserlingk, Robert H. (1985β1986). "Mackenzie King's Spiritualism and His View of Hitler in 1939".
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3795:, his dead mother, his grandfather, and several of his dead dogs, as well as the spirit of the late
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3019:, he replied "None is too many". This policy was wholly supported by King and his political allies.
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and the United States, refused to allow entry for the 900 Jewish refugees aboard the passenger ship
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8791:"Honorary Degrees Since 1702 | Office of the Secretary and Vice President for University Life"
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Morton, Desmond A Military History of Canada, Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1999 page 223-224.
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such as the United States and the United Kingdom would dominate the organization, King argued that
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banning unlawful associations, considered disallowing this bill. However, King's cabinet minister,
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The Incredible Canadian: A Candid Portrait of Mackenzie King: His Works, His Times, and His Nation
5270:. University of Toronto Archives & Records Management Services. Toronto : The University.
5222:. University of Toronto Archives & Records Management Services. Toronto : The University.
5205:. University of Toronto Archives & Records Management Services. Toronto : The University.
5188:. University of Toronto Archives & Records Management Services. Toronto : The University.
5144:. University of Toronto Archives & Records Management Services. Toronto : The University.
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living in Canada. On January 3, 1947, King received Canadian citizenship certificate number 0001.
3247:
to defeat anti-war Premier Maurice Duplessis's Union Nationale and ensure victory for the pro-war
1917:
In 1917, Canada was in crisis; King supported Liberal leader Wilfrid Laurier in his opposition to
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9081:; He represented the safe Saskatchewan district 1926β45; his goal was to disarm the Progressives.
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before briefly working as an industrial consultant. Following the death of Laurier in 1919, King
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3458:. By 1942, the military was pressing King hard to send conscripts to Europe. In 1942, King held
1838:
After his defeat, King went on the lecture circuit on behalf of the Liberal Party. In June 1914
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fully committed to world order. With a total of 21 years and 154 days in office, he remains the
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How Silent Were the Churches?: Canadian Protestantism and the Jewish Plight during the Nazi Era
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Marshall, Peter (September 2001). "The Balfour Formula and the Evolution of the Commonwealth".
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on July 2. Meighen himself then requested a dissolution of Parliament, which Byng now granted.
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3570:, resigned so that an August 6 by-election could be held, which was subsequently won by King.
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3982:, which was attended by King, Roosevelt, and Churchill. The monument was commissioned by the
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On February 24, the federal government passed order-in-council PC 1468 which allowed for the
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2986:, Canadians were divided. Francophones insisted on neutrality, as did some top advisers like
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2387:, claimed that an "anti-British bias" was "one of the most powerful factors in his make-up".
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Whitaker, Reginald (1978β1979). "Political Thought and Political Action in Mackenzie King".
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4034:. The Farm and its grounds are located within Gatineau Park but are not open to the public.
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9327:. 4 vols. Vol. 1: 1939β1944 and Vol. 2: 1944β1945 (University of Toronto Press, 1960); and
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Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada β Former Prime Ministers and Their Grave Sites
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promised conscription. Bracken's promise was unpopular and it thus benefited the Liberals.
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to keep Duplessis from speaking on the radio. The Quebec Liberals won a landslide victory.
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in London of the prime ministers of every dominion, King informed Britain's Prime Minister
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North American planning: social planning, the Parks Movement, the City Scientific, and the
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9345:(Ottawa: Queen's Printer, 1967β). These cover the period 1909β1960. (Often referred to as
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3520:. Although King was hesitant for his government to expand its role in the economy and run
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in December 1941, Japanese Canadians were categorized by Canada as enemy aliens under the
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3582:(UN) in 1945 and attended the opening meetings in San Francisco. Though he conceded that
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during the war, moving into full-scale research in nuclear physics and commercial use of
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to senior cabinet positions during the war. King also suffered two cabinet setbacks; his
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Promising a much-desired trade treaty with the U.S., the King government passed the 1935
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During this period, the Minister of Justice was the right hand man of the Prime Minister
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The Politics of Racism: The Uprooting of Japanese Canadians During the Second World War
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Over time, the Progressives gradually weakened. Their effective and passionate leader,
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and served as president of the yearbook committee in 1896. King subsequently wrote for
1536:
1407:
1345:. After, King sought to make Canada's foreign policy more independent by expanding the
1318:. In 1926, facing a Commons vote that could force his government to resign, King asked
1119:
796:
9295:
Industry and Humanity: A Study in the Principles Under-Lying Industrial Reconstruction
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as a viable military power, while at the same time keeping it separate from Britain's
2349:, Britain accepted the Halibut Treaty, arguing it set a new precedent for the role of
1613:
King was especially concerned with issues of social welfare and was influenced by the
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9271:
The Government Party: Organizing and Financing the Liberal Party of Canada, 1930β1958
9259:
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Industry and Humanity: A Study in The Principles Underlying Industrial Reconstruction
5561:
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3362:. Three weeks later, on February 19, 1942, US President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed
3328:
3216:
3146:
3090:
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2964:(who was also Hitler's favourite composer), King decided Hitler was akin to mythical
2886:
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2592:
2189:
2150:
1984:
1899:
Industry and Humanity: A Study in the Principles Underlying Industrial Reconstruction
1501:
1497:
1365:
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to the leadership of the Liberal Party. Taking the helm of a party torn apart by the
1215:
for three non-consecutive terms from 1921 to 1926, 1926 to 1930, and 1935 to 1948. A
976:
225:
11789:
7931:
5394:
Green, Melvyn (Winter 1979). "A History of Narcotics Control: The Formative Years".
3531:(CCF) for votes. In addition, King promised to commit one division of volunteers to
3271:
that Quebec would leave Confederation. King used the powers of censorship under the
1532:
King was born in a frame house rented by his parents at 43 Benton Street in Berlin (
1439:. In his final years in office, King and his government partnered Canada with other
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13441:
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13176:
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11999:
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11893:
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11441:
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9675:
9187:
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5164:
5040:
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was damaged due to Hepburn spearheading the resolution criticizing the war effort.
3305:
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on 20 June 1922 and was sworn at Buckingham Palace on October 11, 1923, during the
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11809:
11597:
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11498:
10734:
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with a dedication to social reform based on his Christian duty. He never favoured
13535:
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12563:
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11452:
10684:
10369:
10261:
10221:
10181:
10111:
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9504:
9464:
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9386:
9357:
9305:
9198:
Conscription in the Second World War, 1939β1945;: A study in political management
9160:
9014:
8992:
8876:
Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from MacDonald to Mulroney
8738:"The History of Queen's Graduation | Registrar & Financial Aid Services"
8207:
7832:
6953:
6768:
5612:
5414:
4833:
Right Honourable Men: The Descent of Canadian Politics from MacDonald to Mulroney
4589:
4464:
4102:
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3792:
3767:
3661:
3517:
3359:
3174:
3150:
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2902:
2689:
2342:
2109:
2053:
1964:
1902:
1871:
1848:
1799:
1736:
1638:
1539:), Ontario to John King and Isabel Grace Mackenzie. His maternal grandfather was
1440:
1391:
1256:
1053:
1036:
710:
12440:
12405:
11617:
2921:
inform the British government that if Britain went to war with Germany over the
2595:, winning 173 out of the Commons' 245 seats and reducing the Conservatives to a
2063:, resigned to return to his grain business, and was replaced by the more placid
13466:
13370:
13306:
13236:
13226:
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10424:
10389:
10379:
10364:
10101:
10071:
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9741:
9731:
9551:
9180:
Esberey, J.B. "Personality and Politics: A New Look at the King-Byng Dispute,"
5751:
4928:
4585:
4414:
4347:
4195:
4167:
4116:
4088:
A character who appeared twice in the popular 1990s Canadian television series
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2045:
2013:
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1607:
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1299:
1099:
277:
12303:
8909:
7181:
Strangers at Our Gates: Canadian Immigration and Immigration Policy, 1540β1997
5960:
5911:
5044:
4860:
3197:
on December 7, 1941. During the war the Americans took virtual control of the
2838:
deserved an increased presence in Canadian theatres. This report prompted the
13658:
13523:
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13136:
13076:
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11386:
10795:
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10374:
10256:
10106:
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9802:
8870:
8512:
King: William Lyon Mackenzie King : a Life Guided by the Hand of Destiny
8296:
7032:
6877:
6762:
The Birth and Death of The Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission (1932β1936)
5890:
Gordon, David L.A. (2002). "William Lyon Mackenzie King, planning advocate".
5553:
4827:
4604:(October 1, 1924 β June 22, 1954; appointed as Chief Justice January 8, 1944)
4062:
4023:
4005:
3598:
3404:
3264:
3256:
2864:
2827:
2580:
as irresponsible, though didn't suggest his own idea of how budgets could be
2324:
2291:
2060:
1934:
1933:
government, a coalition controlled by the Conservatives under Prime Minister
1291:
1228:
461:
213:
10292:
9227:
7316:...only Woodsworth and two MPs from Quebec opposed participation in the war.
6710:
5168:
5020:
3978:
In 1998, there was controversy over King's exclusion from a memorial to the
3535:, the planned invasion of Japan scheduled for late 1945-early 1946, whereas
3327:, Ernest Lapointe, died in 1941. King successfully sought out the reluctant
2274:
2099:) put pressure on the federal government to discourage Chinese immigration.
1983:
Once King became the Liberal leader in 1919 he paid closer attention to the
13166:
12926:
12803:
12743:
12693:
12623:
12588:
12543:
12460:
12435:
12400:
12380:
12188:
12158:
12024:
11959:
11941:
11931:
11855:
11850:
11825:
11733:
11612:
11559:
10765:
10679:
10449:
9989:
9256:
Canada and the Age of Conflict: Volume 2: 1921β1948; the Mackenzie King Era
9252:
9143:
Canadian-American Relations in Wartime: From the Great War to the Cold War.
9127:. Canadian History Series. Vol. 5. Toronto, Ontario: Doubleday Canada.
8629:
8582:
4978:
4305:
4269:
4157:
4151:
4012:
3587:
3540:
3194:
3138:
3016:
3005:
2957:
2953:
2945:
2557:
2472:
2404:
2232:
2064:
1918:
1728:
1665:
1630:
1626:
1625:, for whom the strike provided a chance to embarrass his rivals Chancellor
1618:
1513:
1276:
1232:
10508:
8694:
Martin, Stanley: THE ORDER OF MERIT: One Hundred Years of Matchless Honour
8210:(1977). "King and the Historians". In English, John; Stubbs, J.O. (eds.).
7067:
5265:
5217:
5200:
5183:
5139:
2323:
stocks were depleting in Canadian and American fishing areas in the North
1290:. He strengthened Canadian autonomy by refusing to support Britain in the
1279:
and anti-conscription factions of the party, leading it to victory in the
13380:
13326:
13276:
13266:
13106:
13096:
12798:
12788:
12703:
12450:
12370:
12323:
12223:
12153:
12055:
12014:
11903:
11544:
11256:
11218:
10775:
10724:
10714:
10459:
10439:
10349:
10166:
9517:
4078:
3583:
3484:
2890:
2796:
2712:
to create training programs for young persons, while an amendment to the
2279:
1891:
1773:
1732:
1681:
1349:
while recruiting more Canadian diplomats. His government also introduced
188:
162:
13530:
10647:
9100:
7973:
7949:
7869:
McIntosh, Andrew; Granatstein, J.I.; Jones, Richard (February 6, 2006).
7686:
7024:
6812:
MΓ©nard, Denise; Thomas, Suzanne; Moore, Christopher (February 7, 2006).
6421:
5545:
4026:. King's summer home at Kingsmere, called "The Farm", now serves as the
12029:
11908:
10156:
9607:
8917:
8816:"Honorary degree recipients β Special Collections Research Center Wiki"
8599:"Behind the Diary: The Private Becomes Public: The Impact of the Diary"
8339:
King: William Lyon Mackenzie King: a Life Guided by the Hand of Destiny
7054:
Stacey, C. P. (1980). "The Divine Mission: Mackenzie King and Hitler".
6376:
From Rights to Needs: A History of Family Allowances in Canada, 1929β92
6332:
6203:
5614:
King: William Lyon Mackenzie King, A Life Guided by the Hand of Destiny
5430:
4584:(as Chief Justice, September 16, 1924 β February 28, 1933; appointed a
4112:
3993:
3909: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3445:
King's promise not to impose conscription contributed to the defeat of
3408:
3312:
3185:
King linked Canada more and more closely to the United States, signing
3027:
2781:
2596:
2546:
2540:
After his loss, King stayed on as leader of the Liberals, becoming the
2369:
2162:
1942:
1926:
1685:
1509:
1467:
1399:
1310:
won a plurality of seats, but the Liberals negotiated support from the
1208:
1082:
863:
13645:
11628:
9335:(University of Toronto Press, 1970). Edited from King's private diary.
9191:
Canada's War: The politics of the Mackenzie King government, 1939β1945
8342:. Vancouver, British Columbia: Douglas & McIntyre. pp. 2β14.
8102:"The Right Hon. William Lyon Mackenzie King, P.C., O.M., C.M.G., M.P."
6928:
The Rhineland Crisis, March 7, 1936: A Study in Multilateral Diplomacy
6347:
2294:
of 1922, King refused to support the British without first consulting
2203:
1372:. Soon after, the economy was on an upswing. King negotiated the 1935
13542:
13066:
13056:
12708:
12688:
12678:
12395:
11503:
10770:
10597:
10429:
8603:
A Real Companion and Friend: The Diary of William Lyon Mackenzie King
7965:
7678:
7665:
Dean, Edgard Packard (October 1940). "Canada's New Defense Program".
6986:
A Real Companion and Friend: The diary of William Lyon Mackenzie King
6531:
6413:
4637:
4090:
3606:
3563:
3525:
3516:. The Liberals' election campaign was centered on a broad program of
3081:
King (far right) together with (from left to right) Governor General
3048:
3032:
2965:
2922:
2254:
2244:
1767:
1763:
1755:
1567:
1322:
167:
6958:
Diplomacy of Illusion: The British Government and Germany, 1937β1939
6096:
4567:
King chose the following jurists to be appointed as justices of the
3884:
3601:, who defected in Ottawa in September 1945, by quickly appointing a
2552:
2345:(to represent Canada's interests) rather than a British one. At the
13346:
7809:
Mutual Hostages: Canadians and Japanese during the Second World War
6657:
Redekop, Calvin Wall; Krahn, Victor A.; Steiner, Samuel J. (1994).
6119:
Canada's Department of External Affairs. The Early Years: 1909β1946
3594:
3412:
3142:
2566:
2464:
2395:
2228:
1970:
1856:
1720:(1907) which sought to avert labour strikes by prior conciliation.
1444:
1227:. He played a major role in laying the foundations of the Canadian
1204:
157:
10008:
9168:
Military Relations between the United States and Canada, 1939β1945
7248:"Mackenzie King and the Munich Agreement, 1938: An Insider's View"
7155:
Branching Out: The Transformation of the Canadian Jewish Community
4696:
King and the Liberals were briefly out of power from 1930 to 1935.
3255:. Three of King's Cabinet ministers from Quebec (Ernest Lapointe,
2792:. It was created to provide air service to all regions of Canada.
2302:
in foreign affairs. In September 1922 the British Prime Minister,
1866:
1704:
1477:
After leading his party for 29 years, and leading the country for
1423:, King delayed introducing overseas conscription until late 1944.
11584:
10744:
8967:
Knight of the Holy Spirit: A Study of William Lyon Mackenzie King
8310:
6517:
Hearings Volume 3 By United States. Congress Senate, 1966, P.2704
2997:
2468:
2320:
1988:
1890:
King was not a pacifist, but he showed little enthusiasm for the
1544:
12516:
8283:
Mallinos, Chris (2018). "For King β and Laurier β and country".
7359:
Arms, Men and Governments: The War Policies of Canada, 1939β1945
3762:
3609:
Communist spy-ring transmitting top-secret documents to Moscow.
1897:
In 1918, King, assisted by his friend F. A. McGregor, published
9500:
CBC Digital Archives β Mackenzie King: Public Life, Private Man
9406:
8556:
3783:
3471:
3284:
like the Unionist Government during World War I. When the
3228:
2994:
2941:
2373:
2299:
2049:
1922:
1634:
1287:
9453:
Woodside National Historic Site page from Parks Canada website
8158:
Winston Churchill and Mackenzie King: So Similar, So Different
6771:," Canadian Communications Foundation, accessed April 11, 2022
5346:
5344:
2680:, tax cuts, and subsidies to the housing market. King and his
2576:
As Opposition leader, King denounced the Bennett government's
1878:
1739:
in 1905. In 1906, King published a memoir of Harper, entitled
13553:
5847:
3198:
2826:
In 1938, King's government invited British documentary maker
1759:
1123:
13695:
Canadian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
9472:
The secret of heroism : a memoir of Henry Albert Harper
9419:
William Lyon Mackenzie King β Parliament of Canada biography
9177:. 5 vols. 1964β1983. the standard history of defense policy.
8535:
8025:"PM Mackenzie King considers Confederation for Newfoundland"
7080:
5070:
William Lyon Mackenzie King: A Political Biography 1874β1923
3466:
3243:
King's government made an unprecedented intervention in the
2925:
issue, Canada would remain neutral. In June 1937, during an
2706:
Federal Unemployment and Agricultural Assistance Act of 1938
2153:
in Quebec; this led to extensive inquiries and eventually a
1712:
In 1900, King became editor of the federal government-owned
1302:
with the United States without British interference. In the
13790:
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Saskatchewan
13720:
Canadian members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
9494:
Mackenzie King declares war against Nazi Germany (.rm file)
9242:
Neatby, Blair. "Mackenzie King and the National Identity,"
5690:
5688:
5341:
3077:
3001:
2491:
1578:
7811:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 1990. p. 51.
6480:, 30 & 31 Victoria, c. 3. Consolidated with amendments
6325:
William Lyon Mackenzie King, 1932β1939: The Prism of Unity
6196:
William Lyon Mackenzie King, 1924β1932: The Lonely Heights
5446:"MACKENZIE KING As I Knew Him SEPTEMBER 1950 BLAIR FRASER"
5238:"Mister Canada, Chapter V: Pen Is Mightier Than The Sword"
5097:"William Lyon Mackenzie King: Prime Minister and Graduate"
3687:
for Newfoundlanders; Britain also favoured Confederation.
2895:
Act to Protect the Province Against Communistic Propaganda
1699:
27:
Prime Minister of Canada (1921β1926; 1926β1930; 1935β1948)
7207:
None Is Too Many: Canada and the Jews of Europe 1933β1948
6034:
5643:
Ernest Lapointe: Mackenzie King's Great Quebec Lieutenant
5592:
5513:
5464:
5375:
5274:
3428:
2376:, as well as of the neighbouring powerful United States.
1551:
in 1837. His father was a lawyer and later a lecturer at
1127:
1103:
12044:
Minister of Employment, Workforce and Labour (2015β2019)
9458:
William Lyon Mackenzie King Estate Visitor's Information
9133:
Warlords: Borden, Mackenzie King and Canada's World Wars
8702:
8700:
7868:
7230:
Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother: The Official Biography
5763:
5685:
5573:
5571:
5501:
4000:
station named Mackenzie King due to its location on the
2019:
1376:
Trade Agreement with the United States, passed the 1938
8256:
A Very Double Life: The Private World of Mackenzie King
7837:
Nucleus: The History of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited
7300:"J. S. Woodsworth, no to war with Germany, Sept., 1939"
6572:"MONTHLY LABOR REVIEW VOLUME 49: JULY TO DECEMBER 1939"
5119:
4995:
A Very Double Life: The Private World of Mackenzie King
3427:. Canada became a world leader in this field, with the
2520:
King's government was in power at the beginning of the
2024:
As prime minister of Canada, King was appointed to the
1231:
and established Canada's international reputation as a
13840:
20th-century members of the House of Commons of Canada
13785:
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
9354:
W.L. Mackenzie King: a bibliography and research guide
9016:
W.L. Mackenzie King: A Bibliography and Research Guide
2207:
King making a speech during his 1926 election campaign
1925:. The Liberal party became deeply split, with several
1774:
Early political career, minister of labour (1908β1911)
13495:
9505:
Newspaper clippings about William Lyon Mackenzie King
8697:
8575:
King, William Lyon MacKenzie National Historic Person
6058:
6046:
5568:
5263:
5215:
5198:
5181:
5137:
3631:
King (far-left) becomes the first person to take the
2978:
In late 1938, during the great crisis in Europe over
1901:, a dense, abstract book he wrote in response to the
9012:
7664:
7398:"Food on the Home Front during the Second World War"
5667:"Diaries of William Lyon Mackenzie King; Item #7452"
5294:"PRIME MINISTERS OF CANADA Biographical Information"
12136:
11370:
Secretaries of State for External Affairs (1909β83)
9356:(2nd ed. University of Toronto Press, 2015); 392pp
8663:
8661:
8659:
8657:
7475:Dubreuil, Brian; Douglas, W.A.B. (April 25, 2010).
7352:
7350:
6960:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson. pp. 21β23.
6656:
3721:
3399:King's government greatly expanded the role of the
3394:
3343:
3058:King (back left) with (counterclockwise from King)
2727:
Industrial Relations and Disputes Investigation Act
1708:
Wearing court uniform as minister of labour in 1910
13805:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
13735:Canadian Secretaries of State for External Affairs
13710:Canadian expatriate academics in the United States
12864:
9205:
9203:
8964:
8562:
8412:
8126:"The Right Honourable William Lyon Mackenzie King"
8054:Tattrie, Jon; McIntosh, Andrew (January 5, 2015).
7930:
6925:
6892:
6279:
6116:
6102:
5418:
5067:
4927:
4898:
3411:acting as point man, moved the nuclear group from
2868:Quebec, particularly with respect to the proposed
2855:After 1936, the prime minister lost patience when
2556:Opposition leader King (right) and Prime Minister
1758:. One of the claims for damages came from Chinese
1237:longest-serving prime minister in Canadian history
8997:. Toronto, Ontario: James Lorimer & Company.
8539:The Veterans Charter and Post-World War II Canada
8481:
8132:. Parks Canada. February 24, 2011. Archived from
7580:
7539:
6838:Morris, Peter; Wise, Wyndham (November 3, 2011).
6811:
6077:Hillmer, Norman; Scott, Jeff (February 7, 2006).
4094:was named "Mackenzie King" in obvious reference.
3656:in 1946, which officially created the notion of "
1987:, a fast-developing region. Viewing a sunrise in
1921:, which was violently opposed in the province of
1524:among the top three of Canadian prime ministers.
1172:King speaking about his election campaign in 1935
13656:
11361:
9364:Great Canadian Political Cartoons, 1915 to 1945.
9051:The Fall & Rise of Mackenzie King, 1911β1919
8654:
8627:Ted Shaw, "Actor brings sympathy to King role".
7347:
7010:
6372:
5185:The Varsity, September 29, 1938 - March 17, 1939
5021:"William Lyon Mackenzie King, planning advocate"
4805:. Vol. XVII (1941β1950) (online ed.).
4669:Electoral history of William Lyon Mackenzie King
2859:preferred radical alternatives such as the CCF (
2535:
2399:Signing of the DominionβProvincial Agreement on
2239:, while still autonomous communities within the
1948:
1794:. In 1909, King was appointed as the first-ever
9449:, University of Toronto/UniversitΓ© Laval, 2005.
9208:Prime ministers : ranking Canada's leaders
8987:; a psychobiography stressing his spirituality.
8415:Ottawa Editor: The Memoirs of Charles A. Bowman
8361:
8359:
8200:
8053:
7503:"The Canadian economy and the Second World War"
7474:
6974:
4018:King bequeathed his private country retreat in
3745:
2919:High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom
13800:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada
10009:William Lyon Mackenzie King navigational boxes
9054:. Toronto: Macmillan of Canada. Archived from
8934:William Lyon Mackenzie King: vol. 1, 1874β1923
6899:. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart. pp.
5981:
5267:The Varsity, October 14, 1896 - March 18, 1897
5202:The Varsity, October 12, 1892 - March 29, 1893
5141:The Varsity, October 11, 1893 - March 21, 1894
3546:The Liberals were knocked down from a massive
2850:
2480:based on need. In February 1930, he appointed
2269:
2145:won the most seats, but not a majority in the
1945:, which his grandfather had once represented.
1828:
966:October 26, 1908 β September 21, 1911
12850:
12502:
12122:
11644:
11347:
10524:
10322:
10308:
10032:
9411:William Lyon Mackenzie King visual chronology
9320:, 50,000 pages, typescript; fully searchable.
9084:
8942:
8643:"Oscilloscope heads to The Twentieth Century"
8605:. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from
8440:
8380:Scrum Wars: The Prime Ministers and the Media
8181:
8154:
8056:"Newfoundland and Labrador and Confederation"
7278:. Oxford University Press. pp. 105β106.
7122:"The British Dominions and the Munich Crisis"
6988:. Library and Archives Canada. Archived from
6452:The Politics of Chaos: Canada in the Thirties
5862:
5636:
5634:
5231:
5229:
5219:The Varsity, October 11, 1894 - March 3, 1895
4881:
4562:
3323:, died in 1940 and his Quebec lieutenant and
3119:1944 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference
3000:from Europe. In June 1939 Canada, along with
2606:
1847:turbulent period of the 1913β1914 Strike and
1382:to improve housing affordability, introduced
570:October 23, 1935 β September 4, 1946
146:October 23, 1935 β November 15, 1948
12518:Leaders of the Official Opposition in Canada
11254:
11237:
9489:Canadian Newspapers and the Second World War
9284:The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs
9204:Granatstein, J. L.; Hillmer, Norman (1999).
8932:Dawson, Robert, and H. Blair Neatby (1958).
8508:
8356:
8278:
8276:
8118:
7638:"Louis S. St-Laurent National Historic Site"
7204:
6932:. Iowa State University Press. p. 144.
6814:"Music at the National Film Board of Canada"
6493:Old Age Pensions and Policy-Making in Canada
6399:
6327:. Vol. 3. University of Toronto Press.
6146:Shadow of Heaven: The Life of Lester Pearson
6076:
5784:
5782:
5780:
5778:
5645:. University of Toronto Press. p. 175.
4929:"King, (William Lyon) Mackenzie (1874β1950)"
3660:". Prior to this, Canadians were considered
3573:
2327:. In 1923, King's government negotiated the
1414:. The Liberals' overwhelming triumph in the
1333:. This sequence of events triggered a major
921:October 20, 1919 β December 5, 1921
876:December 6, 1921 β October 28, 1925
611:September 25, 1926 β August 7, 1930
238:September 25, 1926 β August 7, 1930
13690:Burials at Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto
10538:
8668:McCreery, Christopher (November 28, 2015).
7581:Granatstein, Jack; Morton, Desmond (2003).
7540:Granatstein, Jack; Morton, Desmond (2003).
5982:Thompson, John Herd; Seager, Allan (1985).
5531:
4925:
4896:
3683:argued that joining Canada would raise the
3605:to investigate Gouzenko's allegations of a
3375:removal of "all persons of Japanese origin"
2776:In 1937, King's government established the
2704:The various provinces were assisted by the
1953:
1870:King standing behind former Prime Minister
1470:, he wanted his Liberal Party to represent
451:August 7, 1919 β December 28, 1921
410:June 29, 1926 β September 24, 1926
13157:The referendum on the Charlottetown Accord
12857:
12843:
12509:
12495:
12129:
12115:
11651:
11637:
11354:
11340:
10531:
10517:
10493:
10315:
10301:
10039:
10025:
9522:
9323:Pickersgill, J.W., and Donald F. Forster,
9317:The diaries of William Lyon Mackenzie King
9288:full text for 1920 online and downloadable
8990:
8943:English, John; Stubbs, J.O., eds. (1977).
8579:Directory of Federal Heritage Designations
8445:. Toronto, Ontario: Butterfly Productions.
8383:. Toronto, Ontario: Dundurn. p. 134.
8182:English, John; Stubbs, J.O., eds. (1977).
7747:
7152:
7124:. In Goldstein, Erik; Lukes, Igor (eds.).
6837:
6148:. Vol. 1. Lester & Orpen Dennys.
5990:. Vol. 15. McClelland & Stewart.
5640:
5631:
5226:
4882:English, John; Stubbs, J.O., eds. (1977).
4799:. In Cook, Ramsay; BΓ©langer, RΓ©al (eds.).
4716:
2102:Also in 1923, the government modified the
1723:In 1901, King's roommate and best friend,
1203:(December 17, 1874 β July 22, 1950) was a
831:February 15, 1926 β June 10, 1945
652:December 29, 1921 β June 28, 1926
369:August 7, 1930 β October 22, 1935
300:December 29, 1921 β June 28, 1926
116:
13715:Canadian expatriates in the United States
9244:Manitoba Historical Society Transactions,
9070:
8834:"HONORARY DEGREES AWARDED 1881 β PRESENT"
8593:
8591:
8488:. McClelland & Stewart. p. 222.
8468:J.L. Granatstein, "Thirty Years of War,"
8273:
7928:
7554:
6952:
5775:
5694:
5485:Titan: The Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr
5154:
4790:
4788:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4780:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4770:
4032:Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada
3925:Learn how and when to remove this message
3487:in 1942, in Italy in 1943, and after the
3209:, at that time under British governance.
2913:In March 1936, in response to the German
2832:Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau
1978:
1825:defeat the Liberals and form government.
1573:
1527:
12099:Styled "Minister of Labour and Housing".
9343:Documents on Canadian External Relations
9150:Canada and the Early Cold War, 1943β1957
9047:
8893:
8667:
8443:Willie: Canada's Bachelor Prime Minister
8282:
8226:"Diaries of William Lyon Mackenzie King"
8175:
7995:"The first officially Canadian citizens"
7859:Hansard, House of Commons, June 10, 1942
7831:
7762:
7500:
6923:
6863:
6660:Anabaptist/Mennonite Faith and Economics
6543:
6114:
5944:
5739:
5719:
5055:– via Taylor & Francis Online.
4997:. Vol. 46 (1 ed.). Macmillan.
4846:
4768:
4766:
4764:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4036:
3869:Person of National Historic Significance
3827:, whom he had chosen for appointment as
3773:
3761:
3725:
3626:
3619:
3465:
3325:minister of justice and attorney general
3212:Kingβand Canadaβwere largely ignored by
3112:
3100:
3076:
3053:
3026:
2935:
2551:
2490:
2394:
2273:
2253:
2247:. This ultimately was formalized in the
2231:status, Canada, Australia, New Zealand,
2202:
1999:
1969:
1937:. King returned to Canada to run in the
1877:
1865:
1833:
1703:
1577:
505:August 7, 1919 β August 7, 1948
13835:Politics of Prince Albert, Saskatchewan
11658:
11487:Ministers of External Affairs (1983β95)
9853:Secretary of State for External Affairs
9823:Secretary of State for External Affairs
9760:Secretary of State for External Affairs
9339:Canadian Department of External Affairs
8962:
8536:Peter Neary; J. L. Granatstein (1999).
8258:(reprint ed.). Formac Publishing.
7947:
7271:
7245:
7177:
7081:Alan Davies; Marilyn F. Nefsky (2010).
6584:
6445:
6443:
6143:
5482:
5103:. University of Toronto. Archived from
4934:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
4735:from the original on September 25, 2017
4598:(September 16, 1924 β December 9, 1931)
4041:Home of William Lyon Mackenzie King in
3512:With the war winding down, King called
3311:King promoted engineer and businessman
3177:. He was instrumental in obtaining the
3047:King accompanied the Royal CoupleβKing
3039:, and Prime Minister Mackenzie King in
2617:secretary of state for external affairs
1762:dealers, which led King to investigate
1700:Early career, civil servant (1900β1908)
1341:. King and the Liberals decisively won
786:August 6, 1945 β June 26, 1949
700:June 2, 1909 β October 6, 1911
558:Secretary of State for External Affairs
14:
13770:Leaders of the Liberal Party of Canada
13657:
13231:1999, as Newsmaker of the 20th Century
8588:
8455:George F. G. Stanley, "Canada's War,"
8410:
8376:
8335:
8206:
7600:. Toronto: Dundurn Press. p. 116.
7595:
7371:
7356:
7328:Neatby, H. Blair (February 13, 2008).
7327:
7087:. Wilfrid Laurier UP. pp. 76β77.
7053:
6780:
6637:
6547:Introduction to Recreation and Leisure
6489:
6449:
6277:
6216:
6064:
6052:
6040:
5889:
5845:
5769:
5757:
5617:. Vancouver: Douglas & MacIntyre.
5610:
5598:
5519:
5507:
5470:
5381:
5350:
5280:
5125:
5065:
5018:
4794:
4717:Moscovitch, Allan (February 7, 2006).
4634:(February 9, 1940 β September 1, 1967)
4622:(January 14, 1930 β December 25, 1939)
3667:King also laid the groundwork for the
3334:
3179:British Commonwealth Air Training Plan
2813:Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission
2663:
2364:and influential career administrators
2132:
2084:In 1923, King's government passed the
2041:the War has made in our social life."
1718:Industrial Disputes Investigations Act
1668:recalled that, the city editor of the
12838:
12490:
12110:
11976:and Social Development (2015βpresent)
11632:
11335:
10512:
10296:
10020:
10007:
9521:
9182:Canadian Journal of Political Science
9122:
8991:Ferns, Henry; Ostry, Bernard (1976).
8897:Canadian Journal of Political Science
8869:
7772:. Ottawa: James Lorimer. p. 23.
7610:
7501:von Moos, Kristy (November 8, 2018).
7451:"Canada and the Cost of World War II"
7209:. Canada: Lester & Orpen Dennys.
6890:
6734:
6683:
6286:. McClelland & Stewart. pp.
5584:. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. pp.
5578:King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1918).
5393:
5359:(online ed.). Historica Canada.
5351:Neatby, H. Blair (October 15, 2008).
5235:
4849:Canadian Journal of Political Science
4826:
4747:
4313:Ordre national de la LΓ©gion d'honneur
3759:and describe other events in detail.
3593:King moved Canada into the deepening
3483:troops caused by heavy losses in the
3470:King making his address to Canada on
3294:a federal election for March 26, 1940
3159:declare Canada at war against Germany
3124:
2908:
2771:
2723:Vocational Training Co-ordination Act
2258:Mackenzie King (seated right) at the
2020:Prime Minister (1921β1926, 1926β1930)
1808:Industrial Disputes Investigation Act
1516:throughout the late 1930s. Historian
13560:
13422:Children lost in residential schools
11528:Ministers of Foreign Affairs (1995β)
9479:Works by William Lyon Mackenzie King
9380:
9362:Hou, Charles, and Cynthia Hou, eds.
9116:
8879:. Harper Collins. pp. 123β184.
8441:Jarvis, Ian; Collins, David (1992).
8218:
7950:"Wartime Press Censorship in Canada"
6440:
5577:
4652:(October 6, 1944 β January 22, 1956)
4646:(October 3, 1944 β January 15, 1958)
4578:(January 30, 1924 β October 1, 1924)
4526:
3907:adding citations to reliable sources
3878:
3529:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
3514:a federal election for June 11, 1945
3238:
3221:training airmen for the Commonwealth
2861:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
67:move details into the article's body
38:
13740:Canadian people of Scottish descent
8945:Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate
8315:The Dictionary of Canadian Politics
8212:Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate
8184:Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate
7905:"Visits By Foreign Leaders in 1945"
7119:
6613:"MOB! CAPE's mobilization bulletin"
5846:Gordon, David L.A (December 2015).
5697:Mackenzie King and the Prairie West
5487:. Random House. pp. β571β586.
4884:Mackenzie King: Widening the Debate
4836:. Harper Collins. pp. 123β184.
4662:
4658:(June 3, 1947 β September 16, 1962)
4368:
3419:in 1944, with the establishment of
3407:in the following years. King, with
3401:National Research Council of Canada
3368:110,000 people of Japanese ancestry
3223:, guarding the western half of the
3022:
2622:
2169:
2026:Privy Council of the United Kingdom
1912:
1855:βat a family-owned coal company in
1435:, in which the Liberals lost their
1157:William Lyon Mackenzie King's voice
24:
13775:Leaders of the Opposition (Canada)
9277:
9212:. HarperCollins. pp. 83β101.
8858:
7585:. Toronto: KeyPorter. p. 178.
7544:. Toronto: KeyPorter. p. 179.
6793:from the original on July 15, 2014
6585:Wishart, David J. (January 2004).
6184:(London: Macmillan, 1963), p. 242.
4901:Mackenzie King: His life and world
4628:(March 24, 1936 β January 6, 1947)
4240:King George V Silver Jubilee Medal
3502:
3377:This order-in-council allowed the
3366:, which called for the removal of
2640:
2528:to the Conservative Party, led by
2510:Combines Investigation Act of 1923
2227:stating that upon the granting of
1562:King became a lifelong practising
1406:. Days after the Second World War
1394:. The government also established
25:
13856:
13845:Canadian federal deputy ministers
13680:19th-century Canadian journalists
12065:Minister of Labour (2019βpresent)
9399:
9370:William Lyon Mackenzie King fonds
9310:full text online and downloadable
9141:Cuff, R.D. and Granatstein, J.L.
9125:Ordeal by Fire: Canada, 1910β1945
8485:1867: How the Fathers Made a Deal
8003:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
7184:. Toronto: Dundurn. p. 144.
7153:Tulchinsky, Gerald J. J. (1998).
6781:Matlin, Julie (August 12, 2009).
6684:Marsh, James (February 7, 2006).
6198:. Vol. 2. Methuen & Co.
5747:. October 12, 1923. p. 6817.
5363:from the original on June 7, 2018
5246:. Lethbridge, Alberta. p. 4.
5066:Dawson, Robert Macgregor (1958).
4640:(April 22, 1943 β April 27, 1959)
4616:(May 18, 1927 β December 7, 1933)
4223:Order of St Michael and St George
4077:King is a prominent character in
3650:King's government introduced the
3169:To re-arm Canada, King built the
3164:
2940:King (far left) at a ceremony in
2915:remilitarization of the Rhineland
2817:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
2672:King only reluctantly accepted a
2515:
1386:in 1940, and in 1944, introduced
13637:
13620:
13603:
13586:
13569:
13541:
13529:
13517:
13505:
13472:
13460:
11953:and Social Development (2013β15)
11920:and Skills Development (2005β13)
10646:
10492:
10483:
10482:
9475:. Available on Internet Archive.
9446:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
9405:
9184:vol 6 no. 1 (March 1973), 37β55.
9009:; a scholarly biography to 1919.
8826:
8808:
8783:
8755:
8730:
8688:
8636:
8621:
8568:
8529:
8502:
8475:
8462:
8449:
8434:
8423:
8404:
8370:
8329:
8303:
8244:
8148:
8094:
8081:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
8069:
8047:
8017:
7987:
7941:
7922:
7897:
7888:
7862:
7853:
7825:
7801:
7756:
7738:
7729:
7720:
7711:
7702:
7693:
7658:
7630:
7617:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
7604:
7589:
7574:
7561:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
7548:
7533:
7520:
7494:
7468:
7443:
7418:
7390:
7365:
7321:
7292:
7272:Buckner, Phillip Alfred (2008).
7265:
7239:
7223:
7198:
7171:
7146:
7113:
7101:
7074:
7047:
7004:
6588:Encyclopedia of the Great Plains
6528:Foundations of the Welfare State
5760:, p. 294; Letter of May 5, 1919.
5396:University of Toronto Law Review
5249:
5236:Hardy, Reginald (July 8, 1948).
4948:"Downtown Heritage Walking Tour"
4802:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
4610:(April 2, 1927 β March 10, 1936)
4530:
4501:
4475:
4449:
4423:
4394:
4346:
4325:
4304:
4268:
4232:
4214:
4188:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4134:
4070:, appearing as the subject of a
3963:and Heather Robertson's trilogy
3883:
3740:Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto
3738:from pneumonia. He is buried in
3730:King's grave and memorial plaque
3722:Retirement and death (1948β1950)
3507:
3421:Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories
3395:Expansion of scientific research
3344:Internment of Japanese-Canadians
2872:project with the United States.
2806:
2619:; he held that post until 1946.
2390:
2115:
2035:
1161:
1142:
1065:Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto
515:Daniel Duncan McKenzie (interim)
43:
13820:Writers from Kitchener, Ontario
13765:Deaths from pneumonia in Quebec
13745:Canadian people of World War II
12138:Presidents of the Privy Council
11988:Ministers of Labour (1996β2015)
11974:Minister of Families, Children
8863:
8429:
8365:
8250:
7839:. University of Toronto Press.
7205:Abella, Irving; Troper (1983).
7107:
6946:
6924:Emmerson, James Thomas (1977).
6917:
6884:
6857:
6840:"National Film Board of Canada"
6831:
6805:
6774:
6754:
6728:
6703:
6677:
6663:. University Press of America.
6650:
6631:
6605:
6578:
6564:
6537:
6521:
6510:
6496:. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP.
6483:
6468:
6434:
6428:
6393:
6366:
6340:
6322:
6316:
6310:
6304:
6282:The Great Depression, 1929β1939
6271:
6265:
6259:
6250:
6241:
6210:
6193:
6187:
6174:
6168:
6162:
6137:
6108:
6070:
6004:
5975:
5938:
5926:
5883:
5865:Journal of Historical Geography
5856:
5839:
5830:
5813:"Chinese Immigration Act, 1923"
5805:
5793:
5733:
5713:
5699:. University of Toronto Press.
5659:
5611:Levine, Allan (2011). "Ch. 4".
5604:
5525:
5476:
5438:
5425:. Longmans, Green and Company.
5406:
5387:
5316:
5286:
5257:
5209:
5192:
5175:
5148:
5131:
5089:
5074:. University of Toronto Press.
5059:
5012:
4989:
4983:
4968:
4620:Lawrence Arthur Dumoulin Cannon
4276:King George VI Coronation Medal
4060:King was mentioned in the book
4050:Woodside National Historic Site
3937:King's likeness is used on the
3894:needs additional citations for
3736:his country estate in Kingsmere
3434:
3286:Legislative Assembly of Ontario
2676:solution that involved federal
2415:, William Lyon Mackenzie King,
2008:, King's Liberals defeated the
1298:'s consent and negotiating the
1259:. After losing his seat in the
13815:World War II political leaders
12866:Canadian Newsmaker of the Year
10082:Hedley Francis Gregory Bridges
9883:President of the Privy Council
9812:President of the Privy Council
9771:President of the Privy Council
8563:Granatstein & Hillmer 1999
7557:"DUPLESSIS, MAURICE LE NOBLET"
7455:McGill-Queens University Press
7157:. Stoddart. pp. 200β201.
6313:, Vol. 2, Ch. 15, quote p. 318
6103:Granatstein & Hillmer 1999
5932:
5799:
5788:
5729:. June 20, 1922. p. 4621.
5641:Betcherman, Lita-Rose (2002).
5413:
5264:University of Toronto (1896).
5216:University of Toronto (1894).
5199:University of Toronto (1892).
5182:University of Toronto (1938).
5138:University of Toronto (1893).
4940:
4919:
4890:
4875:
4840:
4820:
4797:"King, William Lyon Mackenzie"
4710:
4690:
4105:'s 1988 television miniseries
4085:, set in Ottawa in the 1920s.
3702:The August 7, 1948, convention
3280:King rejected any notion of a
2747:
2358:Department of External Affairs
2282:, King, and Canadian diplomat
2213:1926 Liberal election campaign
2079:
1454:, and successfully negotiated
1443:to take part in the deepening
1347:Department of External Affairs
13:
1:
13795:Members of the Order of Merit
11918:Ministers of Human Resources
11880:Ministers of Human Resources
11268:
11245:
11232:Institut canadien de MontrΓ©al
11222:
10554:Affiliated provincial parties
9469:William Lyon Mackenzie King,
9246:Series 3, Number 24, 1967β68
9013:Henderson, George F. (2015).
8077:"Louis St. Laurent biography"
7613:"Hepburn, Mitchell Frederick"
7583:Canada and the Two World Wars
7542:Canada and the Two World Wars
7275:Canada and the British Empire
7128:. Psychology Press. pp.
6735:Eaman, Ross (April 9, 2012).
6217:Murray, W.W. (July 1, 1929).
5988:The Canadian Centenary Series
5877:10.1016/S0305-7488(03)00041-0
5695:Wardhaugh, Robert A. (2000).
5353:"William Lyon Mackenzie King"
4678:
4576:Arthur Cyrille Albert Malouin
4517:University of Western Ontario
4334:Ordre de la couronne de ChΓͺne
4289:and an elected Member of the
4253:and an elected Member of the
4008:in downtown Ottawa, Ontario.
3695:
3097:, Quebec City, September 1944
2844:National Film Board of Canada
2752:While King opposed Bennett's
2627:
2536:Opposition leader (1930β1935)
2087:Chinese Immigration Act, 1923
1961:Liberal leadership convention
1949:Opposition leader (1919β1921)
1929:joining the pro-conscription
1359:a defeat at the polls in 1930
1255:in 1909 under Prime Minister
13830:University of Toronto alumni
13825:University of Chicago alumni
13725:Canadian non-fiction writers
11363:Ministers of Foreign Affairs
11321:National Liberal Progressive
9395:, National Film Board, 1988.
8770:Governingcouncil.utoronto.ca
7933:Mr. Prime Minister 1867β1964
7763:Sunahara, Ann Gomer (1981).
7372:Perras, Galen Roger (1998).
7120:Fry, Michael Graham (1999).
6640:"Housing and Housing Policy"
6012:"Electoral Results by Party"
5019:Gordon, David L. A. (2002).
4703:
4295:Canadian order of precedence
4259:Canadian order of precedence
4175:
3874:
3802:Historians have seen in his
3778:King with his two dogs, 1938
3746:Personal style and character
3562:, who was re-elected in the
3423:and the residential town of
3282:government of national unity
3245:1939 Quebec general election
3133:, as British Prime Minister
2599:of 40; this was the largest
2108:to allow former subjects of
1610:, a future political rival.
1251:before becoming the federal
7:
13780:Liberal Party of Canada MPs
13665:William Lyon Mackenzie King
13556:William Lyon Mackenzie King
12897:William Lyon Mackenzie King
10585:Formerly affiliated parties
10087:Pierre Joseph Arthur Cardin
10066:William Lyon Mackenzie King
10055:William Lyon Mackenzie King
9944:Leader of the Liberal Party
9509:20th Century Press Archives
9441:William Lyon Mackenzie King
9428:William Lyon Mackenzie King
9374:Library and Archives Canada
9258:(U of Toronto Press 1981),
9236:Journal of Canadian Studies
9088:Journal of Canadian Studies
9021:University of Toronto Press
8973:University of Toronto Press
8671:The Canadian Honours System
8411:Bowman, Charles A. (1966).
8230:Library and Archives Canada
7937:. Toronto: Longmans Canada.
7596:Paulin, Marguerite (2005).
7013:Journal of Canadian Studies
5671:Library and Archives Canada
5534:Journal of Canadian Studies
5009:, photo between pages 96β97
4897:Granatstein, J. L. (1977).
4807:University of Toronto Press
4491:College of William and Mary
3493:Conscription Crisis of 1944
3456:Conscription Crisis of 1917
3441:Conscription Crisis of 1944
3117:King, sitting left, at the
2851:Relationship with provinces
2795:In 1938, King's government
2270:Extending Canadian autonomy
2249:Statute of Westminster 1931
1829:Out of politics (1911β1919)
1390:β Canada's first universal
1273:Conscription Crisis of 1917
1188:William Lyon Mackenzie King
493:Leader of the Liberal Party
95:William Lyon Mackenzie King
10:
13861:
13760:Harvard University faculty
13410:Front-line workers in the
9048:McGregor, Fred A. (1962).
8515:. Douglas & McIntyre.
8482:Christopher Moore (2011).
8472:(Oct/Nov 2014) 94#5:20-29.
8457:American Historical Review
7056:Canadian Historical Review
6982:"Mackenzie King in Berlin"
5836:Swyripa, "Canada", p. 344.
5157:Canadian Historical Review
4926:Granatstein, J.L. (2011).
4683:
4666:
4563:Supreme Court appointments
4291:House of Commons of Canada
4255:House of Commons of Canada
4128:
3939:Canadian fifty-dollar note
3438:
2803:into a crown corporation.
2790:Canadian National Railways
2784:), as a subsidiary of the
2732:
2710:Youth Training Act of 1939
2699:
2607:Prime Minister (1935β1948)
2173:
1814:Combines Investigation Act
1778:King was first elected to
1474:to create social harmony.
1314:and stayed in office as a
1275:, he unified both the pro-
29:
13810:Prime ministers of Canada
13755:Harvard University alumni
13685:Abdication of Edward VIII
13455:
12872:
12524:
12144:
12090:
12064:
12043:
11987:
11973:
11950:
11917:
11879:
11666:
11527:
11486:
11369:
11288:
11255:
11238:
11204:
10991:
10961:
10885:
10878:
10804:
10758:
10662:
10655:
10644:
10584:
10566:Newfoundland and Labrador
10553:
10546:
10478:
10330:
10324:Prime ministers of Canada
10062:
10014:
9986:
9973:
9965:
9960:
9950:
9941:
9929:
9924:
9914:
9901:
9896:
9891:
9880:
9869:
9859:
9850:
9839:
9831:
9820:
9809:
9799:
9790:
9779:
9768:
9757:
9746:
9738:
9728:
9719:
9711:
9701:
9692:
9687:
9682:
9672:
9664:Member of Parliament for
9662:
9654:
9644:
9635:Member of Parliament for
9632:
9624:
9614:
9606:Member of Parliament for
9604:
9596:
9586:
9578:Member of Parliament for
9576:
9568:
9558:
9550:Member of Parliament for
9548:
9540:
9533:
9528:
9433:The Canadian Encyclopedia
9325:The Mackenzie King Record
9037:Hutchison, Bruce (1953).
8994:The Age of Mackenzie King
8910:10.1017/s0008423900043195
7929:Hutchison, Bruce (1964).
7178:Knowles, Valerie (2007).
6783:"The Founding of the NFB"
6644:The Canadian Encyclopedia
6450:Neatby, H. Blair (1972).
6379:. UBC Press. p. 33.
6373:Raymond B. Blake (2009).
6323:Neatby, H. Blair (1976).
6194:Neatby, H. Blair (1963).
5961:10.1080/00358530120082823
5912:10.1080/02665430110111838
5849:Town and Crown p. 180-185
5357:The Canadian Encyclopedia
5324:"Mackenzie King's legacy"
5045:10.1080/02665430110111838
4861:10.1017/S0008423900043195
4795:Neatby, H. Blair (2016).
4724:The Canadian Encyclopedia
3973:Igor: A Novel of Intrigue
3834:
3574:Foreign affairs, Cold War
3072:Quebec Conference in 1943
2653:British North America Act
1851:βin what is known as the
1684:at her settlement house,
1615:settlement house movement
1181:
1150:
1138:
1081:
1071:
1060:
1043:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
982:
970:
959:
949:
937:
925:
914:
904:
892:
880:
869:
859:
847:
835:
824:
814:
802:
790:
779:
767:
763:
756:
752:
748:
744:
728:
716:
704:
693:
686:
676:
666:
656:
645:
635:
625:
615:
604:
594:
584:
574:
563:
556:
552:
545:
541:
537:
533:
519:
509:
498:
491:
481:
469:
455:
444:
434:
424:
414:
403:
393:
383:
373:
362:
355:
351:
346:Senior political offices
344:
340:
330:
320:
312:
304:
293:
283:
271:
250:
242:
231:
219:
207:
176:
150:
139:
131:
127:
115:
88:
13432:Canada convoy protesters
11951:Ministers of Employment
10282:Joseph Thorarinn Thorson
10227:Robert Wellington Mayhew
10212:Norman Alexander McLarty
10092:Pierre-François Casgrain
9961:Awards and achievements
9925:Party political offices
9872:Prime Minister of Canada
9842:Leader of the Opposition
9793:Prime Minister of Canada
9782:Leader of the Opposition
9749:Prime Minister of Canada
9722:Leader of the Opposition
9352:Henderson, George F. ed
9333:Vol. 4: 1946β1947 online
9329:Vol. 3: 1945β1946 online
8963:Esberey, Joy E. (1980).
8161:. Dundurn. p. 381.
7948:Purcell, Gillis (1947).
7871:"Conscription in Canada"
7477:"Battle of the Atlantic"
7246:Hillmer, Norman (2019).
6544:Kinetics, Human (2013).
6454:. Gage. pp. 84β86.
6123:. McGill-Queen's Press.
4673:
4582:Francis Alexander Anglin
4287:Prime Minister of Canada
4251:Prime Minister of Canada
4004:. It is adjacent to the
3770:in state clothing, 1939.
3677:Frederick Gordon Bradley
3669:Dominion of Newfoundland
3653:Canadian Citizenship Act
3537:Progressive Conservative
3205:, and major airbases in
3171:Royal Canadian Air Force
3109:and Mackenzie King, 1944
2542:leader of the Opposition
2403:in 1928. (Seated, LβR):
2347:1923 Imperial Conference
2260:1926 Imperial Conference
2235:, South Africa, and the
2221:1926 Imperial Conference
2198:motion of non-confidence
2194:Leader of the Opposition
2030:1923 Imperial Conference
1954:1919 leadership election
1213:prime minister of Canada
357:Leader of the Opposition
134:Prime Minister of Canada
30:Not to be confused with
11882:Development (1996β2005)
10540:Liberal Party of Canada
10267:Wishart McLea Robertson
10187:David Laurence MacLaren
10137:James Garfield Gardiner
9918:Frederick Albert Acland
9358:excerpt and text search
9137:excerpt and text search
8947:. Macmillan of Canada.
8186:. Macmillan of Canada.
7909:Office of the Historian
7555:Sarra-Bournet, Michel.
7304:Great Canadian Speeches
7126:The Munich Crisis, 1938
6686:"Trans-Canada Airlines"
6591:. U of Nebraska Press.
6490:Bryden, K. (May 1974).
6278:Berton, Pierre (1990).
6219:"The Session in Review"
6182:What's Past is Prologue
6115:Hilliker, John (1990).
5421:The Incredible Canadian
5169:10.3138/CHR-069-reviews
4905:. McGraw-Hill Ryerson.
4569:Supreme Court of Canada
3969:Lily: A Rhapsody in Red
3388:Gordon Sylvester Wismer
3129:According to historian
2982:that culminated in the
2766:James Garfield Gardiner
2762:minister of agriculture
2530:Richard Bedford Bennett
2336:; though not official,
1840:John D. Rockefeller Jr.
1598:degree in 1896, and an
1590:in 1891. He obtained a
1553:Osgoode Hall Law School
1410:, Canadian troops were
1331:motion of no confidence
263:The Viscount Willingdon
184:The Earl of Bessborough
13750:Canadian spiritualists
13730:Canadian Presbyterians
10992:Parliamentary election
10610:North-West Territories
10202:Ian Alistair Mackenzie
9705:Thomas Wilson Crothers
9562:William George Weichel
9523:Offices and succession
9463:July 10, 2008, at the
9293:Mackenzie King, W. L.
8959:11 essays by scholars.
8708:"Dominionofcanada.com"
8377:Levine, Allan (1996).
8336:Levine, Allan (2011).
8214:. Macmillan of Canada.
8155:Terry Reardon (2012).
7357:Stacey, C. P. (1970).
6891:Black, Conrad (1977).
6478:Constitution Act, 1867
6348:""It's King or chaos""
6144:English, John (1989).
4886:. Macmillan of Canada.
4626:Albert Blellock Hudson
4596:Edmund Leslie Newcombe
4521:Doctor of Laws (LL.D)
4495:Doctor of Laws (LL.D)
4469:Doctor of Laws (LL.D)
4443:Doctor of Laws (LL.D)
4045:
4011:The bridge across the
3779:
3771:
3731:
3673:Canadian Confederation
3647:
3578:King helped found the
3474:
3350:attack on Pearl Harbor
3290:the federal parliament
3214:British Prime Minister
3121:
3110:
3098:
3074:
3044:
2976:
2952:In 1937, King visited
2949:
2834:). King believed that
2778:Trans-Canada Air Lines
2647:unemployment insurance
2569:of American President
2561:
2500:
2460:
2317:
2287:
2266:
2208:
2090:banning most forms of
2012:led by Prime Minister
1979:Idealizes the Prairies
1975:
1887:
1875:
1853:Colorado Coalfield War
1844:Rockefeller Foundation
1709:
1676:After studying at the
1583:
1574:University (1891β1900)
1549:Upper Canada Rebellion
1541:William Lyon Mackenzie
1528:Early life (1874β1891)
1396:Trans-Canada Air Lines
1384:unemployment insurance
1343:the resulting election
1265:Rockefeller Foundation
1263:, King worked for the
989:William George Weichel
758:Parliamentary offices
735:Thomas Wilson Crothers
476:Daniel Duncan McKenzie
199:The Viscount Alexander
32:William Lyon Mackenzie
11296:Liberal Protectionist
10207:James Angus MacKinnon
10197:Angus Lewis Macdonald
10122:John Campbell Elliott
10117:Charles Avery Dunning
9648:Edward LeRoy Bowerman
9618:Thomas Herbert Lennox
9304:June 5, 2011, at the
9286:(annual, 1901β1938),
9159:May 31, 2008, at the
9123:Allen, Ralph (1961).
9043:Online free to borrow
8938:Online free to borrow
8542:. MQUP. p. 294.
8509:Allan Levine (2011).
7954:International Journal
7875:Canadian Encyclopedia
7481:Canadian Encyclopedia
7334:Canadian Encyclopedia
7252:The Champlain Society
7068:10.3138/chr-061-04-03
6844:Canadian Encyclopedia
6818:Canadian Encyclopedia
6741:Canadian Encyclopedia
6690:Canadian Encyclopedia
6402:International Journal
6083:Canadian Encyclopedia
6022:on September 24, 2015
5892:Planning Perspectives
5483:Chernow, Ron (1998).
5025:Planning Perspectives
4656:Charles Holland Locke
4608:John Henderson Lamont
4588:under Prime Minister
4439:University of Toronto
4122:The Twentieth Century
4097:King is portrayed by
4040:
4002:Mackenzie King Bridge
3946:Industry and Humanity
3777:
3765:
3729:
3630:
3620:Domestic achievements
3469:
3460:a national plebiscite
3116:
3104:
3087:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3080:
3060:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3057:
3031:(From right to left)
3030:
2971:
2939:
2686:Charles Avery Dunning
2571:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2555:
2494:
2488:in Canadian history.
2398:
2312:
2277:
2257:
2206:
2073:J. S. Woodsworth
2071:. Socialist reformer
2000:1921 federal election
1973:
1884:Industry and Humanity
1881:
1869:
1834:Industrial consultant
1819:1911 general election
1788:1908 federal election
1752:Vancouver's Chinatown
1741:The Secret of Heroism
1707:
1678:University of Chicago
1588:University of Toronto
1586:King enrolled at the
1581:
1494:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1431:allowed King to call
1335:constitutional crisis
1281:1921 federal election
1261:1911 federal election
1111:University of Chicago
1091:University of Toronto
899:Thomas Herbert Lennox
854:Edward LeRoy Bowerman
316:The Lord Byng of Vimy
258:The Lord Byng of Vimy
34:, King's grandfather.
13401:Jody Wilson-Raybould
13287:The Canadian Soldier
10806:Leadership elections
10576:Prince Edward Island
10272:Norman McLeod Rogers
10232:Joseph-Enoil Michaud
10162:James Lorimer Ilsley
9535:Parliament of Canada
9413:at Wikimedia Commons
9269:Whitaker, Reginald.
9175:In Defence of Canada
9166:Dziuban, Stanley W.
8820:Scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu
8712:Dominionofcanada.com
7726:Sunahara (1981), 46.
7717:Sunahara (1981), 37.
7708:Sunahara (1981), 28.
7642:Government of Canada
7426:"Canada Goes to War"
6711:"The Bank's History"
6016:Parliament of Canada
5852:. U of Ottawa Press.
5298:Parliament of Canada
4592:, February 23, 1909)
4544:adding missing items
3903:improve this article
3757:Canadian war efforts
3671:'s later entry into
3417:Chalk River, Ontario
3364:Executive Order 9066
3321:Norman McLeod Rogers
3225:North Atlantic Ocean
3191:Ogdensburg, New York
2842:, which created the
2754:Canadian Wheat Board
2740:National Housing Act
2484:as the first female
2381:British Commonwealth
2157:, which exposed the
2127:Confederation Square
1882:King, while writing
1861:industrial relations
1688:, King proceeded to
1664:. Fellow journalist
1452:Canadian citizenship
1379:National Housing Act
950:Member of Parliament
944:Alfred Edgar MacLean
905:Member of Parliament
860:Member of Parliament
815:Member of Parliament
769:Member of Parliament
723:Position established
547:Ministerial offices
91:The Right Honourable
13705:Canadian economists
11668:Ministers of Labour
11660:Ministers of Labour
11301:Liberal-Progressive
10252:Charles Gavan Power
10242:William Pate Mulock
10192:James Joseph McCann
10177:Léo Richer Laflèche
10152:Milton Fowler Gregg
9892:Government offices
9148:Donaghy, Greg, ed.
9101:10.3138/jcs.13.4.40
8718:on February 7, 2015
8232:. February 28, 2013
8136:on November 2, 2014
8035:on January 22, 2022
7789:on November 1, 2014
7306:. September 2, 2019
7025:10.3138/jcs.20.4.26
6992:on October 31, 2009
6229:on January 22, 2022
6043:, pp. 401β422.
5904:2002PlPer..17...97G
5601:, pp. 255β265.
5546:10.3138/jcs.13.4.28
5522:, pp. 248β251.
5473:, pp. 227β231.
5452:on December 4, 2022
5384:, pp. 129β131.
5283:, pp. 198β199.
5107:on December 2, 2011
5037:2002PlPer..17...97G
4727:(online ed.).
4650:James Wilfred Estey
4644:Roy Lindsay Kellock
4375:
3810:, in his 1976 book
3797:President Roosevelt
3633:Oath of Citizenship
3552:minority government
3548:majority government
3425:Deep River, Ontario
3379:Minister of Justice
3335:Wartime expenditure
3298:Official Opposition
3261:Charles Gavan Power
3135:Neville Chamberlain
3083:the Earl of Athlone
3064:the Earl of Athlone
3062:, Governor General
2931:Neville Chamberlain
2927:Imperial Conference
2870:St. Lawrence Seaway
2694:John Maynard Keynes
2664:Spending management
2601:majority government
2419:. (Standing, LβR):
2407:, Thomas Donnelly,
2264:Balfour Declaration
2262:, which led to the
2225:Balfour Declaration
2223:which elicited the
2217:minority government
2159:Beauharnois Scandal
2133:Corruption scandals
2069:Liberal-Progressive
1748:anti-Oriental riots
1725:Henry Albert Harper
1657:The Mail and Empire
1604:Kappa Alpha Society
1594:degree in 1895, an
1472:liberal corporatism
1437:majority government
1433:a post-war election
1404:National Film Board
1327:dissolve parliament
1316:minority government
194:The Earl of Athlone
189:The Lord Tweedsmuir
13467:History portal
10147:James Allison Glen
10142:Colin W. G. Gibson
10127:William Daum Euler
9695:Minister of Labour
9683:Political offices
9658:William MacDiarmid
9439:H. Blair Neatby, "
9392:The King Chronicle
9196:Granatstein, J.L.
9188:Granatstein, J. L.
8795:Secretary.yale.edu
7611:Glassford, Larry.
7361:. Queen's Printer.
6767:2006-10-10 at the
6737:"CBC/Radio-Canada"
6550:. Human Kinetics.
6105:, pp. 87, 95.
5745:The London Gazette
5726:The London Gazette
5673:. October 12, 1920
4602:Thibaudeau Rinfret
4542:; you can help by
4410:Queen's University
4373:
4353:Grand cordon de l'
4108:The King Chronicle
4054:Kitchener, Ontario
4046:
4028:official residence
3812:A Very Double Life
3787:communicated with
3780:
3772:
3732:
3685:standard of living
3648:
3640:Thibaudeau Rinfret
3560:William MacDiarmid
3533:Operation Downfall
3489:Battle of Normandy
3475:
3189:with Roosevelt at
3125:Declaration of war
3122:
3111:
3105:Canadian diplomat
3099:
3095:Octagon Conference
3075:
3045:
2950:
2909:Germany and Hitler
2815:(CRBC) became the
2780:(the precursor to
2772:Crown corporations
2690:balance the budget
2613:Franklin Roosevelt
2562:
2501:
2461:
2356:King expanded the
2334:British Parliament
2304:David Lloyd George
2288:
2267:
2209:
1976:
1888:
1876:
1798:by Prime Minister
1796:minister of labour
1710:
1690:Harvard University
1584:
1547:and leader of the
1398:(the precursor to
1253:minister of labour
1211:who was the tenth
1120:Harvard University
797:William MacDiarmid
688:Minister of Labour
525:Louis St. Laurent
289:R. B. Bennett
214:R. B. Bennett
13700:Canadian diarists
13493:
13492:
13487:
13486:
13479:Canada portal
13412:COVID-19 pandemic
13017:Lester B. Pearson
12987:Lester B. Pearson
12937:Lester B. Pearson
12917:Lester B. Pearson
12907:Louis St. Laurent
12887:Barbara Ann Scott
12832:
12831:
12484:
12483:
12104:
12103:
11626:
11625:
11329:
11328:
10987:
10986:
10874:
10873:
10642:
10641:
10506:
10505:
10290:
10289:
10277:Louis St. Laurent
10247:Lester B. Pearson
10237:Humphrey Mitchell
10217:Andrew McNaughton
10172:James Horace King
10132:Alphonse Fournier
10001:
10000:
9996:
9995:
9987:Succeeded by
9984:February 9, 1925
9954:Louis St. Laurent
9951:Succeeded by
9938:
9915:Succeeded by
9863:Louis St. Laurent
9860:Succeeded by
9800:Succeeded by
9729:Succeeded by
9702:Succeeded by
9673:Succeeded by
9645:Succeeded by
9615:Succeeded by
9590:Alfred E. MacLean
9587:Succeeded by
9559:Succeeded by
9544:Joseph E. Seagram
9381:Television series
9117:Scholarly studies
9030:978-1-4426-5560-7
8886:978-1-4434-0342-9
8681:978-1-4597-2417-4
8651:, August 2, 2019.
8633:, March 25, 1988.
8549:978-0-7735-1697-7
8522:978-1-55365-560-2
8495:978-1-55199-483-3
8459:(1976) 81#3: 699.
8390:978-1-55488-289-2
8349:978-1-55365-560-2
8168:978-1-4597-0590-6
7598:Maurice Duplessis
7330:"Ernest Lapointe"
7285:978-0-19-927164-1
7234:William Shawcross
7216:978-0-919630-31-4
7191:978-1-4597-1237-9
7094:978-1-55458-666-0
6910:978-0-7710-1530-4
6670:978-0-8191-9350-6
6557:978-1-4504-2417-2
6530:, 2nd Edition by
6503:978-0-7735-6066-6
6386:978-0-7748-5868-7
5652:978-0-8020-3575-2
5624:978-1-77100-068-0
5304:on April 15, 2014
5243:Lethbridge Herald
5128:, pp. 37β38.
5081:978-0-8020-1083-4
4955:City of Kitchener
4912:978-0-07-082304-4
4632:Robert Taschereau
4560:
4559:
4525:
4524:
4374:Honorary degrees
4366:
4365:
4332:Grand croix de l'
4311:Grand Croix de l'
4221:Companion of the
4207:17 November 1947.
4043:Kingsmere, Quebec
4020:Kingsmere, Quebec
3980:Quebec Conference
3965:Willie: A Romance
3935:
3934:
3927:
3853:Christopher Moore
3789:Leonardo da Vinci
3766:King and Senator
3658:Canadian citizens
3646:, January 3, 1947
3614:Louis St. Laurent
3558:, fellow Liberal
3447:Maurice Duplessis
3329:Louis St. Laurent
3239:Political affairs
3217:Winston Churchill
3147:Quebec lieutenant
3091:Winston Churchill
3068:Winston Churchill
2887:premier of Quebec
2877:Maurice Duplessis
2857:Western Canadians
2840:National Film Act
2786:crown corporation
2688:, had planned to
2593:landslide victory
2351:British Dominions
2278:British diplomat
2151:Beauharnois Canal
1994:Progressive Party
1842:hired him at the
1680:and working with
1543:, first mayor of
1502:Charles de Gaulle
1498:Winston Churchill
1388:family allowances
1366:landslide victory
1312:Progressive Party
1185:
1184:
1167:
1034:December 17, 1874
994:
993:
977:Joseph E. Seagram
740:
739:
600:Louis St. Laurent
529:
528:
251:Governors General
226:Louis St. Laurent
177:Governors General
84:
83:
63:length guidelines
16:(Redirected from
13852:
13650:
13642:
13641:
13640:
13633:
13625:
13624:
13623:
13616:
13608:
13607:
13606:
13599:
13591:
13590:
13589:
13582:
13574:
13573:
13572:
13562:
13546:
13545:
13534:
13533:
13522:
13521:
13520:
13510:
13509:
13508:
13501:
13477:
13476:
13475:
13465:
13464:
13463:
13442:Pierre Poilievre
13391:Humboldt Broncos
13317:Russell Williams
13177:Jacques Parizeau
13007:John Diefenbaker
12947:John Diefenbaker
12859:
12852:
12845:
12836:
12835:
12511:
12504:
12497:
12488:
12487:
12131:
12124:
12117:
12108:
12107:
11653:
11646:
11639:
11630:
11629:
11589:
11356:
11349:
11342:
11333:
11332:
11316:LiberalβUnionist
11311:Laurier Liberals
11273:
11270:
11260:
11259:
11250:
11247:
11243:
11242:
11227:
11224:
10883:
10882:
10660:
10659:
10656:National leaders
10650:
10598:British Columbia
10551:
10550:
10533:
10526:
10519:
10510:
10509:
10496:
10495:
10486:
10485:
10317:
10310:
10303:
10294:
10293:
10041:
10034:
10027:
10018:
10017:
10005:
10004:
9966:Preceded by
9936:
9930:Preceded by
9832:Preceded by
9739:Preceded by
9712:Preceded by
9676:William J. Major
9655:Preceded by
9639:
9628:Charles McDonald
9625:Preceded by
9597:Preceded by
9569:Preceded by
9541:Preceded by
9531:
9530:
9519:
9518:
9409:
9387:Brittain, Donald
9231:
9211:
9128:
9112:
9080:
9067:
9065:
9063:
9034:
9008:
8986:
8970:
8958:
8929:
8890:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8847:
8838:
8830:
8824:
8823:
8812:
8806:
8805:
8803:
8801:
8787:
8781:
8780:
8778:
8776:
8767:
8759:
8753:
8752:
8750:
8748:
8734:
8728:
8727:
8725:
8723:
8714:. Archived from
8704:
8695:
8692:
8686:
8685:
8665:
8652:
8640:
8634:
8625:
8619:
8618:
8616:
8614:
8595:
8586:
8572:
8566:
8560:
8554:
8553:
8533:
8527:
8526:
8506:
8500:
8499:
8479:
8473:
8470:Canada's History
8466:
8460:
8453:
8447:
8446:
8438:
8432:
8427:
8421:
8420:
8418:
8408:
8402:
8401:
8399:
8397:
8374:
8368:
8363:
8354:
8353:
8333:
8327:
8326:
8324:
8322:
8307:
8301:
8300:
8285:Canada's History
8280:
8271:
8269:
8248:
8242:
8241:
8239:
8237:
8222:
8216:
8215:
8208:Neatby, H. Blair
8204:
8198:
8197:
8179:
8173:
8172:
8152:
8146:
8145:
8143:
8141:
8122:
8116:
8115:
8113:
8111:
8098:
8092:
8091:
8089:
8087:
8073:
8067:
8066:
8064:
8062:
8051:
8045:
8044:
8042:
8040:
8031:. Archived from
8021:
8015:
8014:
8012:
8010:
8005:. March 22, 2010
7991:
7985:
7984:
7982:
7980:
7966:10.2307/40194144
7945:
7939:
7938:
7936:
7926:
7920:
7919:
7917:
7915:
7901:
7895:
7892:
7886:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7866:
7860:
7857:
7851:
7850:
7833:Bothwell, Robert
7829:
7823:
7822:
7805:
7799:
7798:
7796:
7794:
7788:
7782:. Archived from
7771:
7760:
7754:
7751:
7745:
7742:
7736:
7733:
7727:
7724:
7718:
7715:
7709:
7706:
7700:
7697:
7691:
7690:
7679:10.2307/20029058
7662:
7656:
7655:
7650:
7648:
7634:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7623:
7608:
7602:
7601:
7593:
7587:
7586:
7578:
7572:
7571:
7569:
7567:
7552:
7546:
7545:
7537:
7531:
7530:(1998) pp 49-64.
7524:
7518:
7517:
7515:
7513:
7498:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7487:
7472:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7461:
7447:
7441:
7440:
7438:
7436:
7422:
7416:
7415:
7410:
7408:
7394:
7388:
7387:
7369:
7363:
7362:
7354:
7345:
7344:
7342:
7340:
7325:
7319:
7318:
7313:
7311:
7296:
7290:
7289:
7269:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7258:
7243:
7237:
7227:
7221:
7220:
7202:
7196:
7195:
7175:
7169:
7168:
7150:
7144:
7143:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7099:
7098:
7078:
7072:
7071:
7051:
7045:
7044:
7008:
7002:
7001:
6999:
6997:
6978:
6972:
6971:
6954:Middlemas, Keith
6950:
6944:
6943:
6931:
6921:
6915:
6914:
6898:
6888:
6882:
6881:
6861:
6855:
6854:
6852:
6850:
6835:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6824:
6809:
6803:
6802:
6800:
6798:
6778:
6772:
6758:
6752:
6751:
6749:
6747:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6707:
6701:
6700:
6698:
6696:
6681:
6675:
6674:
6654:
6648:
6647:
6635:
6629:
6628:
6626:
6624:
6619:on March 4, 2016
6615:. Archived from
6609:
6603:
6602:
6582:
6576:
6575:
6568:
6562:
6561:
6541:
6535:
6534:, published 1996
6525:
6519:
6514:
6508:
6507:
6487:
6481:
6472:
6466:
6465:
6447:
6438:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6414:10.2307/40202349
6397:
6391:
6390:
6370:
6364:
6363:
6361:
6359:
6344:
6338:
6336:
6320:
6314:
6308:
6302:
6301:
6285:
6275:
6269:
6268:, Vol. 2, p. 312
6263:
6257:
6254:
6248:
6245:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6234:
6225:. Archived from
6214:
6208:
6207:
6191:
6185:
6180:Vincent Massey,
6178:
6172:
6171:, Vol. 2, p. 32.
6166:
6160:
6159:
6141:
6135:
6134:
6122:
6112:
6106:
6100:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6089:
6079:"Halibut Treaty"
6074:
6068:
6062:
6056:
6050:
6044:
6038:
6032:
6031:
6029:
6027:
6018:. Archived from
6008:
6002:
6001:
5984:Canada 1922β1939
5979:
5973:
5972:
5942:
5936:
5933:Hutchison (1952)
5930:
5924:
5923:
5887:
5881:
5880:
5860:
5854:
5853:
5843:
5837:
5834:
5828:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5809:
5803:
5800:Hutchison (1952)
5797:
5791:
5789:Hutchison (1952)
5786:
5773:
5767:
5761:
5755:
5749:
5748:
5737:
5731:
5730:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5692:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5663:
5657:
5656:
5638:
5629:
5628:
5608:
5602:
5596:
5590:
5589:
5575:
5566:
5565:
5529:
5523:
5517:
5511:
5505:
5499:
5498:
5480:
5474:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5448:. Archived from
5442:
5436:
5434:
5424:
5415:Hutchison, Bruce
5410:
5404:
5403:
5391:
5385:
5379:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5368:
5348:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5334:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5311:
5309:
5300:. Archived from
5290:
5284:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5261:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5247:
5233:
5224:
5223:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5196:
5190:
5189:
5179:
5173:
5172:
5152:
5146:
5145:
5135:
5129:
5123:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5112:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5073:
5063:
5057:
5056:
5016:
5010:
5008:
4987:
4981:
4972:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4952:
4944:
4938:
4937:
4931:
4923:
4917:
4916:
4904:
4894:
4888:
4887:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4824:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4792:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4740:
4729:Historica Canada
4714:
4697:
4694:
4663:Electoral record
4555:
4552:
4534:
4533:
4527:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4481:
4479:
4478:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4376:
4372:
4369:Honorary degrees
4355:Ordre de LΓ©opold
4350:
4329:
4308:
4272:
4236:
4218:
4192:
4174:
4173:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4138:
3930:
3923:
3919:
3916:
3910:
3887:
3879:
3864:nation united."
3846:Jack Granatstein
3829:Governor General
3717:
3716:
3712:
3709:
3662:British subjects
3611:Justice Minister
3603:Royal Commission
3480:Aleutian Islands
3355:War Measures Act
3317:defence minister
3306:Mitchell Hepburn
3304:Ontario Premier
3274:War Measures Act
3201:in building the
3107:Norman Robertson
3023:Second World War
2988:Oscar D. Skelton
2984:Munich Agreement
2758:Western Canadian
2682:finance minister
2678:deficit spending
2623:Economic reforms
2587:By the time the
2526:election of 1930
2522:Great Depression
2478:old-age pensions
2413:W. R. Motherwell
2401:old age pensions
2366:Norman Robertson
2237:Irish Free State
2190:Canadian history
2182:Governor General
2176:KingβByng Affair
2170:KingβByng Affair
2155:Royal Commission
2147:House of Commons
2139:election in 1925
2097:British Columbia
1913:Wartime politics
1821:, which saw the
1518:Jack Granatstein
1490:
1489:
1485:
1482:
1466:. A modernizing
1421:French Canadians
1355:Great Depression
1351:old-age pensions
1339:KingβByng affair
1320:Governor General
1245:House of Commons
1225:Second World War
1221:Great Depression
1202:
1169:
1168:
1146:
1131:
1115:
1107:
1050:
1033:
1031:
1019:Personal details
985:
973:
964:
940:
928:
919:
895:
883:
874:
850:
842:Charles McDonald
838:
829:
805:
793:
784:
754:
753:
731:
719:
707:
698:
679:
669:
659:
650:
638:
628:
618:
609:
597:
587:
577:
568:
543:
542:
522:
512:
503:
484:
472:
458:
449:
437:
427:
417:
408:
396:
386:
376:
367:
342:
341:
333:
323:
313:Governor General
298:
286:
274:
236:
222:
210:
144:
120:
110:
86:
85:
79:
76:
70:
61:Please read the
47:
46:
39:
21:
13860:
13859:
13855:
13854:
13853:
13851:
13850:
13849:
13655:
13654:
13653:
13643:
13638:
13636:
13626:
13621:
13619:
13615:from Wikisource
13609:
13604:
13602:
13592:
13587:
13585:
13575:
13570:
13568:
13565:
13561:sister projects
13558:at Knowledge's
13552:
13540:
13528:
13518:
13516:
13506:
13504:
13496:
13494:
13489:
13488:
13483:
13473:
13471:
13461:
13459:
13451:
13357:Patrice Vincent
13207:Sheldon Kennedy
13187:Lucien Bouchard
12868:
12863:
12833:
12828:
12520:
12515:
12485:
12480:
12140:
12135:
12105:
12100:
12097:
12093:
12086:
12060:
12039:
11983:
11975:
11969:
11952:
11946:
11919:
11913:
11881:
11875:
11662:
11657:
11627:
11622:
11587:
11523:
11482:
11365:
11360:
11330:
11325:
11289:Related parties
11284:
11279:in Newfoundland
11271:
11248:
11225:
11200:
10993:
10983:
10979:41st Parliament
10974:40th Parliament
10969:39th Parliament
10962:Shadow cabinets
10957:
10928:P. E. Trudeau 1
10870:
10800:
10754:
10651:
10638:
10580:
10547:Related parties
10542:
10537:
10507:
10502:
10474:
10326:
10321:
10291:
10286:
10262:Fernand Rinfret
10222:Paul Martin Sr.
10182:Ernest Lapointe
10112:Raoul Dandurand
10097:Lionel Chevrier
10077:Ernest Bertrand
10058:
10045:
10010:
10002:
9997:
9992:
9983:
9971:
9956:
9947:
9939:
9935:
9933:Daniel McKenzie
9920:
9911:
9904:Deputy Minister
9886:
9875:
9865:
9856:
9845:
9837:
9826:
9815:
9805:
9796:
9785:
9774:
9763:
9752:
9744:
9734:
9725:
9717:
9715:Daniel McKenzie
9707:
9698:
9678:
9669:
9660:
9650:
9641:
9634:
9630:
9620:
9611:
9602:
9592:
9583:
9574:
9564:
9555:
9546:
9524:
9465:Wayback Machine
9424:H. Blair Neatby
9402:
9383:
9306:Wayback Machine
9280:
9278:Primary sources
9220:
9161:Wayback Machine
9145:(1975). 205 pp.
9119:
9061:
9059:
9058:on June 5, 2011
9031:
9005:
8983:
8955:
8887:
8866:
8861:
8859:Further reading
8856:
8855:
8845:
8843:
8836:
8832:
8831:
8827:
8814:
8813:
8809:
8799:
8797:
8789:
8788:
8784:
8774:
8772:
8765:
8761:
8760:
8756:
8746:
8744:
8736:
8735:
8731:
8721:
8719:
8706:
8705:
8698:
8693:
8689:
8682:
8666:
8655:
8641:
8637:
8626:
8622:
8612:
8610:
8609:on July 4, 2009
8597:
8596:
8589:
8573:
8569:
8561:
8557:
8550:
8534:
8530:
8523:
8507:
8503:
8496:
8480:
8476:
8467:
8463:
8454:
8450:
8439:
8435:
8428:
8424:
8409:
8405:
8395:
8393:
8391:
8375:
8371:
8364:
8357:
8350:
8334:
8330:
8320:
8318:
8309:
8308:
8304:
8281:
8274:
8266:
8249:
8245:
8235:
8233:
8224:
8223:
8219:
8205:
8201:
8194:
8180:
8176:
8169:
8153:
8149:
8139:
8137:
8124:
8123:
8119:
8109:
8107:
8100:
8099:
8095:
8085:
8083:
8075:
8074:
8070:
8060:
8058:
8052:
8048:
8038:
8036:
8023:
8022:
8018:
8008:
8006:
7993:
7992:
7988:
7978:
7976:
7946:
7942:
7927:
7923:
7913:
7911:
7903:
7902:
7898:
7893:
7889:
7879:
7877:
7867:
7863:
7858:
7854:
7847:
7830:
7826:
7819:
7807:
7806:
7802:
7792:
7790:
7786:
7780:
7769:
7761:
7757:
7752:
7748:
7743:
7739:
7734:
7730:
7725:
7721:
7716:
7712:
7707:
7703:
7698:
7694:
7667:Foreign Affairs
7663:
7659:
7646:
7644:
7636:
7635:
7631:
7621:
7619:
7609:
7605:
7594:
7590:
7579:
7575:
7565:
7563:
7553:
7549:
7538:
7534:
7525:
7521:
7511:
7509:
7499:
7495:
7485:
7483:
7473:
7469:
7459:
7457:
7449:
7448:
7444:
7434:
7432:
7424:
7423:
7419:
7406:
7404:
7396:
7395:
7391:
7384:
7370:
7366:
7355:
7348:
7338:
7336:
7326:
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6947:
6940:
6922:
6918:
6911:
6889:
6885:
6866:Ontario History
6862:
6858:
6848:
6846:
6836:
6832:
6822:
6820:
6810:
6806:
6796:
6794:
6779:
6775:
6769:Wayback Machine
6759:
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6025:
6023:
6010:
6009:
6005:
5998:
5980:
5976:
5955:(361): 541β53.
5948:The Round Table
5943:
5939:
5931:
5927:
5888:
5884:
5861:
5857:
5844:
5840:
5835:
5831:
5821:
5819:
5811:
5810:
5806:
5798:
5794:
5787:
5776:
5768:
5764:
5756:
5752:
5738:
5734:
5718:
5714:
5707:
5693:
5686:
5676:
5674:
5665:
5664:
5660:
5653:
5639:
5632:
5625:
5609:
5605:
5597:
5593:
5576:
5569:
5530:
5526:
5518:
5514:
5506:
5502:
5495:
5481:
5477:
5469:
5465:
5455:
5453:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5411:
5407:
5392:
5388:
5380:
5376:
5366:
5364:
5349:
5342:
5332:
5330:
5322:
5321:
5317:
5307:
5305:
5292:
5291:
5287:
5279:
5275:
5262:
5258:
5248:
5234:
5227:
5214:
5210:
5197:
5193:
5180:
5176:
5153:
5149:
5136:
5132:
5124:
5120:
5110:
5108:
5095:
5094:
5090:
5082:
5064:
5060:
5017:
5013:
5005:
4988:
4984:
4975:The King Family
4973:
4969:
4959:
4957:
4950:
4946:
4945:
4941:
4924:
4920:
4913:
4895:
4891:
4880:
4876:
4845:
4841:
4825:
4821:
4811:
4809:
4793:
4748:
4738:
4736:
4719:"Welfare State"
4715:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4700:
4695:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4665:
4565:
4556:
4550:
4547:
4531:
4502:
4500:
4476:
4474:
4465:Yale University
4450:
4448:
4424:
4422:
4395:
4393:
4371:
4172:
4155:
4139:
4131:
4103:Donald Brittain
3987:Parti QuΓ©bΓ©cois
3931:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3900:
3888:
3877:
3861:H. Blair Neatby
3837:
3825:Lord Tweedsmuir
3793:Wilfrid Laurier
3768:Raoul Dandurand
3748:
3724:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3698:
3622:
3576:
3518:social security
3510:
3505:
3503:Post-war Canada
3451:Union Nationale
3443:
3437:
3397:
3360:Jasper, Alberta
3346:
3337:
3313:C. D. Howe
3253:AdΓ©lard Godbout
3249:Quebec Liberals
3241:
3227:against German
3175:Royal Air Force
3167:
3151:Ernest Lapointe
3127:
3037:Queen Elizabeth
3025:
3013:Frederick Blair
2917:, King had the
2911:
2903:Ernest Lapointe
2884:Union Nationale
2853:
2836:Canadian cinema
2809:
2774:
2750:
2735:
2702:
2666:
2643:
2641:Social programs
2630:
2625:
2609:
2578:budget deficits
2538:
2518:
2437:Robert McKenzie
2393:
2343:Washington D.C.
2272:
2178:
2172:
2141:, in which the
2137:King called an
2135:
2118:
2110:Austria-Hungary
2105:Immigration Act
2082:
2054:National Policy
2038:
2022:
2002:
1981:
1965:Ernest Lapointe
1956:
1951:
1915:
1903:Ludlow massacre
1872:Wilfrid Laurier
1849:Ludlow Massacre
1836:
1831:
1800:Wilfrid Laurier
1790:, representing
1776:
1737:Parliament Hill
1702:
1639:deputy minister
1637:and make him a
1576:
1530:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1441:Western nations
1429:victory in 1945
1392:welfare program
1257:Wilfrid Laurier
1190:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1162:
1159:
1134:
1118:
1113:
1093:
1072:Political party
1054:Chelsea, Quebec
1052:
1048:
1037:Berlin, Ontario
1035:
1029:
1027:
983:
971:
965:
960:
951:
938:
926:
920:
915:
906:
893:
881:
875:
870:
861:
848:
836:
830:
825:
816:
803:
791:
785:
780:
771:
759:
729:
717:
711:Wilfrid Laurier
705:
699:
694:
677:
667:
657:
651:
646:
636:
626:
616:
610:
605:
595:
585:
575:
569:
564:
548:
520:
510:
504:
499:
482:
470:
464:
456:
450:
445:
435:
425:
415:
409:
404:
394:
384:
374:
368:
363:
347:
336:Arthur Meighen
331:
321:
299:
294:
284:
272:
267:
237:
232:
220:
208:
203:
172:
145:
140:
123:
111:
98:
96:
93:
80:
74:
71:
60:
57:may be too long
52:This article's
48:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
13858:
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13762:
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13727:
13722:
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13707:
13702:
13697:
13692:
13687:
13682:
13677:
13672:
13667:
13652:
13651:
13634:
13632:from Wikibooks
13617:
13600:
13598:from Wikiquote
13583:
13554:
13551:
13550:
13538:
13526:
13514:
13491:
13490:
13485:
13484:
13482:
13481:
13469:
13456:
13453:
13452:
13450:
13449:
13448:
13447:
13439:
13438:
13437:
13429:
13428:
13427:
13419:
13418:
13417:
13408:
13407:
13406:
13398:
13397:
13396:
13388:
13387:
13386:
13378:
13377:
13376:
13371:Justin Trudeau
13368:
13367:
13366:
13361:Nathan Cirillo
13354:
13353:
13352:
13344:
13343:
13342:
13334:
13333:
13332:
13324:
13323:
13322:
13314:
13313:
13312:
13307:Stephen Harper
13304:
13303:
13302:
13294:
13293:
13292:
13284:
13283:
13282:
13274:
13273:
13272:
13264:
13263:
13262:
13254:
13253:
13252:
13244:
13243:
13242:
13237:Pierre Trudeau
13234:
13233:
13232:
13227:Pierre Trudeau
13224:
13223:
13222:
13214:
13213:
13212:
13204:
13203:
13202:
13197:Donovan Bailey
13194:
13193:
13192:
13184:
13183:
13182:
13174:
13173:
13172:
13164:
13163:
13162:
13154:
13153:
13152:
13147:Brian Mulroney
13144:
13143:
13142:
13134:
13133:
13132:
13127:Michael Wilson
13124:
13123:
13122:
13114:
13113:
13112:
13104:
13103:
13102:
13094:
13093:
13092:
13087:Brian Mulroney
13084:
13083:
13082:
13074:
13073:
13072:
13064:
13063:
13062:
13054:
13053:
13052:
13047:Pierre Trudeau
13044:
13043:
13042:
13034:
13033:
13032:
13027:Pierre Trudeau
13024:
13023:
13022:
13014:
13013:
13012:
13004:
13003:
13002:
12994:
12993:
12992:
12984:
12983:
12982:
12974:
12973:
12972:
12964:
12963:
12962:
12957:Joey Smallwood
12954:
12953:
12952:
12944:
12943:
12942:
12934:
12933:
12932:
12924:
12923:
12922:
12914:
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12903:
12902:
12894:
12893:
12892:
12884:
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12873:
12870:
12869:
12862:
12861:
12854:
12847:
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12830:
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12826:
12821:
12816:
12811:
12806:
12801:
12796:
12791:
12786:
12781:
12776:
12771:
12766:
12761:
12756:
12751:
12746:
12741:
12736:
12731:
12726:
12721:
12716:
12711:
12706:
12701:
12696:
12691:
12686:
12681:
12676:
12671:
12666:
12661:
12656:
12651:
12646:
12641:
12636:
12631:
12626:
12621:
12616:
12611:
12606:
12601:
12596:
12591:
12586:
12581:
12576:
12571:
12566:
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12556:
12551:
12546:
12541:
12536:
12531:
12525:
12522:
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12514:
12513:
12506:
12499:
12491:
12482:
12481:
12479:
12478:
12473:
12468:
12463:
12458:
12453:
12448:
12443:
12438:
12433:
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12423:
12418:
12413:
12408:
12403:
12398:
12393:
12388:
12383:
12378:
12373:
12368:
12363:
12358:
12353:
12348:
12343:
12337:
12331:
12326:
12321:
12316:
12311:
12306:
12301:
12296:
12291:
12286:
12281:
12276:
12271:
12266:
12261:
12256:
12251:
12246:
12241:
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12045:
12041:
12040:
12038:
12037:
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12027:
12022:
12017:
12012:
12007:
12002:
11997:
11991:
11989:
11985:
11984:
11979:
11977:
11971:
11970:
11968:
11967:
11962:
11956:
11954:
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11923:
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11911:
11906:
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11877:
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11868:
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11813:
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11797:
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11777:
11772:
11767:
11761:
11756:
11751:
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11726:
11720:
11715:
11709:
11704:
11699:
11694:
11689:
11684:
11679:
11673:
11671:
11664:
11663:
11656:
11655:
11648:
11641:
11633:
11624:
11623:
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11610:
11605:
11600:
11595:
11590:
11582:
11577:
11572:
11567:
11562:
11557:
11552:
11547:
11542:
11537:
11531:
11529:
11525:
11524:
11522:
11521:
11516:
11511:
11506:
11501:
11496:
11490:
11488:
11484:
11483:
11481:
11480:
11475:
11470:
11465:
11460:
11455:
11450:
11445:
11439:
11434:
11429:
11424:
11419:
11414:
11409:
11404:
11399:
11394:
11389:
11384:
11379:
11373:
11371:
11367:
11366:
11359:
11358:
11351:
11344:
11336:
11327:
11326:
11324:
11323:
11318:
11313:
11308:
11306:LiberalβLabour
11303:
11298:
11292:
11290:
11286:
11285:
11283:
11282:
11275:
11262:
11252:
11240:Parti canadien
11235:
11229:
11216:
11210:
11208:
11202:
11201:
11199:
11198:
11193:
11188:
11183:
11178:
11173:
11168:
11163:
11158:
11153:
11148:
11143:
11138:
11133:
11128:
11123:
11118:
11113:
11108:
11103:
11098:
11093:
11088:
11083:
11078:
11073:
11068:
11063:
11058:
11053:
11048:
11043:
11038:
11033:
11028:
11023:
11018:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10997:
10995:
10989:
10988:
10985:
10984:
10982:
10981:
10976:
10971:
10965:
10963:
10959:
10958:
10956:
10955:
10950:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10900:
10895:
10889:
10887:
10880:
10876:
10875:
10872:
10871:
10869:
10868:
10863:
10858:
10853:
10848:
10843:
10838:
10831:
10826:
10821:
10816:
10810:
10808:
10802:
10801:
10799:
10798:
10793:
10788:
10783:
10778:
10773:
10768:
10762:
10760:
10759:Deputy Leaders
10756:
10755:
10753:
10752:
10747:
10742:
10737:
10732:
10727:
10722:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10702:
10697:
10692:
10687:
10682:
10677:
10672:
10666:
10664:
10657:
10653:
10652:
10645:
10643:
10640:
10639:
10637:
10636:
10631:
10625:
10619:
10613:
10607:
10601:
10595:
10588:
10586:
10582:
10581:
10579:
10578:
10573:
10568:
10563:
10557:
10555:
10548:
10544:
10543:
10536:
10535:
10528:
10521:
10513:
10504:
10503:
10501:
10500:
10490:
10479:
10476:
10475:
10473:
10472:
10467:
10462:
10457:
10452:
10447:
10442:
10437:
10432:
10427:
10422:
10417:
10412:
10407:
10402:
10397:
10392:
10387:
10382:
10377:
10372:
10367:
10362:
10357:
10352:
10347:
10342:
10337:
10331:
10328:
10327:
10320:
10319:
10312:
10305:
10297:
10288:
10287:
10285:
10284:
10279:
10274:
10269:
10264:
10259:
10254:
10249:
10244:
10239:
10234:
10229:
10224:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10189:
10184:
10179:
10174:
10169:
10164:
10159:
10154:
10149:
10144:
10139:
10134:
10129:
10124:
10119:
10114:
10109:
10104:
10102:Brooke Claxton
10099:
10094:
10089:
10084:
10079:
10074:
10072:Douglas Abbott
10063:
10060:
10059:
10052:Prime Minister
10044:
10043:
10036:
10029:
10021:
10015:
10012:
10011:
9999:
9998:
9994:
9993:
9988:
9985:
9972:
9969:Fritz Kreisler
9967:
9963:
9962:
9958:
9957:
9952:
9949:
9940:
9931:
9927:
9926:
9922:
9921:
9916:
9913:
9900:
9894:
9893:
9889:
9888:
9878:
9877:
9867:
9866:
9861:
9858:
9848:
9847:
9838:
9833:
9829:
9828:
9818:
9817:
9807:
9806:
9801:
9798:
9788:
9787:
9777:
9776:
9766:
9765:
9755:
9754:
9745:
9742:Arthur Meighen
9740:
9736:
9735:
9732:Arthur Meighen
9730:
9727:
9718:
9713:
9709:
9708:
9703:
9700:
9691:
9685:
9684:
9680:
9679:
9674:
9671:
9661:
9656:
9652:
9651:
9646:
9643:
9631:
9626:
9622:
9621:
9616:
9613:
9603:
9600:John Armstrong
9598:
9594:
9593:
9588:
9585:
9575:
9570:
9566:
9565:
9560:
9557:
9552:Waterloo North
9547:
9542:
9538:
9537:
9529:
9526:
9525:
9516:
9515:
9502:
9497:
9491:
9486:
9476:
9467:
9455:
9450:
9437:
9421:
9416:
9414:
9401:
9400:External links
9398:
9397:
9396:
9382:
9379:
9378:
9377:
9367:
9366:(2002). 244pp.
9360:
9350:
9336:
9321:
9313:
9299:online edition
9291:
9279:
9276:
9275:
9274:
9267:
9250:
9240:
9232:
9218:
9201:
9194:
9185:
9178:
9173:Eayrs, James.
9171:
9164:
9154:online edition
9146:
9139:
9129:
9118:
9115:
9114:
9113:
9082:
9068:
9045:
9035:
9029:
9010:
9003:
8988:
8981:
8960:
8953:
8940:
8930:
8891:
8885:
8871:Bliss, Michael
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8854:
8853:
8825:
8807:
8782:
8754:
8729:
8696:
8687:
8680:
8653:
8635:
8620:
8587:
8567:
8555:
8548:
8528:
8521:
8501:
8494:
8474:
8461:
8448:
8433:
8422:
8403:
8389:
8369:
8355:
8348:
8328:
8311:"Weird Willie"
8302:
8272:
8264:
8243:
8217:
8199:
8192:
8174:
8167:
8147:
8117:
8093:
8068:
8046:
8016:
7986:
7960:(3): 250β261.
7940:
7921:
7896:
7887:
7861:
7852:
7845:
7824:
7817:
7800:
7778:
7755:
7746:
7737:
7728:
7719:
7710:
7701:
7692:
7673:(1): 222β236.
7657:
7629:
7603:
7588:
7573:
7547:
7532:
7519:
7493:
7467:
7442:
7417:
7402:Wartime Canada
7389:
7382:
7364:
7346:
7320:
7291:
7284:
7264:
7238:
7222:
7215:
7197:
7190:
7170:
7163:
7145:
7138:
7112:
7100:
7093:
7073:
7062:(4): 502β512.
7046:
7003:
6973:
6966:
6945:
6938:
6916:
6909:
6883:
6856:
6830:
6804:
6773:
6753:
6727:
6715:Bank of Canada
6702:
6676:
6669:
6649:
6630:
6604:
6597:
6577:
6563:
6556:
6536:
6520:
6509:
6502:
6482:
6467:
6460:
6439:
6427:
6392:
6385:
6365:
6354:. July 7, 2015
6339:
6315:
6303:
6296:
6270:
6258:
6249:
6240:
6209:
6186:
6173:
6161:
6154:
6136:
6129:
6107:
6095:
6069:
6067:, p. 419.
6057:
6055:, p. 409.
6045:
6033:
6003:
5996:
5974:
5937:
5925:
5882:
5871:(4): 618β642.
5855:
5838:
5829:
5804:
5792:
5774:
5762:
5750:
5732:
5712:
5705:
5684:
5658:
5651:
5630:
5623:
5603:
5591:
5567:
5524:
5512:
5500:
5493:
5475:
5463:
5437:
5405:
5386:
5374:
5340:
5315:
5285:
5273:
5256:
5225:
5208:
5191:
5174:
5163:(4): 490β503.
5147:
5130:
5118:
5088:
5080:
5058:
5011:
5003:
4982:
4977:, courtesy of
4967:
4939:
4918:
4911:
4889:
4874:
4839:
4828:Bliss, Michael
4819:
4746:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4667:Main article:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4659:
4653:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4629:
4623:
4617:
4611:
4605:
4599:
4593:
4586:Puisne Justice
4579:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4557:
4537:
4535:
4523:
4522:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4471:
4470:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4445:
4444:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4419:
4418:
4415:Doctor of Laws
4412:
4407:
4402:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4383:
4380:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4357:
4351:
4343:
4342:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4322:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4315:
4309:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4298:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4262:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4219:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4196:Order of Merit
4193:
4185:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4117:Matthew Rankin
3957:Allan Stratton
3933:
3932:
3891:
3889:
3882:
3876:
3873:
3841:George Stanley
3836:
3833:
3747:
3744:
3723:
3720:
3697:
3694:
3681:Joey Smallwood
3621:
3618:
3580:United Nations
3575:
3572:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3436:
3433:
3396:
3393:
3348:Following the
3345:
3342:
3336:
3333:
3269:English Canada
3240:
3237:
3203:Alaska Highway
3166:
3165:Foreign policy
3163:
3131:Norman Hillmer
3126:
3123:
3041:Banff, Alberta
3033:King George VI
3024:
3021:
2980:Czechoslovakia
2962:Richard Wagner
2910:
2907:
2852:
2849:
2808:
2805:
2801:Bank of Canada
2773:
2770:
2749:
2746:
2734:
2731:
2701:
2698:
2665:
2662:
2642:
2639:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2608:
2605:
2537:
2534:
2517:
2516:Defeat in 1930
2514:
2482:Cairine Wilson
2453:Malcolm McLean
2433:C. R. McIntosh
2392:
2389:
2385:Vincent Massey
2362:Lester Pearson
2329:Halibut Treaty
2308:Violet Markham
2284:Vincent Massey
2271:
2268:
2241:British Empire
2174:Main article:
2171:
2168:
2134:
2131:
2123:City Beautiful
2117:
2114:
2081:
2078:
2046:non-confidence
2037:
2034:
2021:
2018:
2014:Arthur Meighen
2001:
1998:
1980:
1977:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1914:
1911:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1792:Waterloo North
1775:
1772:
1714:Labour Gazette
1701:
1698:
1629:and President
1623:William Mulock
1608:Arthur Meighen
1575:
1572:
1529:
1526:
1300:Halibut Treaty
1207:statesman and
1183:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1171:
1160:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1116:
1108:
1087:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1067:, Ontario
1062:
1058:
1057:
1051:(aged 75)
1045:
1041:
1040:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
995:
992:
991:
986:
980:
979:
974:
968:
967:
957:
956:
954:Waterloo North
947:
946:
941:
935:
934:
929:
923:
922:
912:
911:
902:
901:
896:
890:
889:
887:John Armstrong
884:
878:
877:
867:
866:
857:
856:
851:
845:
844:
839:
833:
832:
822:
821:
812:
811:
806:
800:
799:
794:
788:
787:
777:
776:
765:
764:
761:
760:
757:
750:
749:
746:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
732:
726:
725:
720:
714:
713:
708:
706:Prime Minister
702:
701:
691:
690:
684:
683:
682:Arthur Meighen
680:
674:
673:
672:Arthur Meighen
670:
664:
663:
660:
658:Prime Minister
654:
653:
643:
642:
639:
633:
632:
631:Arthur Meighen
629:
623:
622:
619:
617:Prime Minister
613:
612:
602:
601:
598:
592:
591:
588:
582:
581:
578:
576:Prime Minister
572:
571:
561:
560:
554:
553:
550:
549:
546:
539:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
526:
523:
517:
516:
513:
507:
506:
496:
495:
489:
488:
487:Arthur Meighen
485:
479:
478:
473:
467:
466:
465:Arthur Meighen
459:
457:Prime Minister
453:
452:
442:
441:
438:
432:
431:
430:Arthur Meighen
428:
422:
421:
420:Arthur Meighen
418:
416:Prime Minister
412:
411:
401:
400:
397:
391:
390:
387:
381:
380:
377:
375:Prime Minister
371:
370:
360:
359:
353:
352:
349:
348:
345:
338:
337:
334:
328:
327:
326:Arthur Meighen
324:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
306:
302:
301:
291:
290:
287:
281:
280:
278:Arthur Meighen
275:
269:
268:
266:
265:
260:
254:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
229:
228:
223:
217:
216:
211:
205:
204:
202:
201:
196:
191:
186:
180:
178:
174:
173:
171:
170:
165:
160:
154:
152:
148:
147:
137:
136:
129:
128:
125:
124:
121:
113:
112:
97:
94:
89:
82:
81:
51:
49:
42:
26:
18:Mackenzie King
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
13857:
13846:
13843:
13841:
13838:
13836:
13833:
13831:
13828:
13826:
13823:
13821:
13818:
13816:
13813:
13811:
13808:
13806:
13803:
13801:
13798:
13796:
13793:
13791:
13788:
13786:
13783:
13781:
13778:
13776:
13773:
13771:
13768:
13766:
13763:
13761:
13758:
13756:
13753:
13751:
13748:
13746:
13743:
13741:
13738:
13736:
13733:
13731:
13728:
13726:
13723:
13721:
13718:
13716:
13713:
13711:
13708:
13706:
13703:
13701:
13698:
13696:
13693:
13691:
13688:
13686:
13683:
13681:
13678:
13676:
13673:
13671:
13668:
13666:
13663:
13662:
13660:
13649:from Wikidata
13648:
13647:
13635:
13631:
13630:
13618:
13614:
13613:
13601:
13597:
13596:
13584:
13580:
13579:
13567:
13566:
13563:
13557:
13549:
13544:
13539:
13537:
13532:
13527:
13525:
13515:
13513:
13503:
13502:
13499:
13480:
13470:
13468:
13458:
13457:
13454:
13445:
13444:
13443:
13440:
13435:
13434:
13433:
13430:
13425:
13424:
13423:
13420:
13415:
13414:
13413:
13409:
13404:
13403:
13402:
13399:
13394:
13393:
13392:
13389:
13384:
13383:
13382:
13379:
13374:
13373:
13372:
13369:
13364:
13363:
13362:
13358:
13355:
13350:
13349:
13348:
13345:
13340:
13339:
13338:
13337:Luka Magnotta
13335:
13330:
13329:
13328:
13325:
13320:
13319:
13318:
13315:
13310:
13309:
13308:
13305:
13300:
13299:
13298:
13295:
13290:
13289:
13288:
13285:
13280:
13279:
13278:
13275:
13270:
13269:
13268:
13265:
13260:
13259:
13258:
13257:Jean ChrΓ©tien
13255:
13250:
13249:
13248:
13247:Stockwell Day
13245:
13240:
13239:
13238:
13235:
13230:
13229:
13228:
13225:
13220:
13219:
13218:
13217:Jean ChrΓ©tien
13215:
13210:
13209:
13208:
13205:
13200:
13199:
13198:
13195:
13190:
13189:
13188:
13185:
13180:
13179:
13178:
13175:
13170:
13169:
13168:
13165:
13160:
13159:
13158:
13155:
13150:
13149:
13148:
13145:
13140:
13139:
13138:
13137:Elijah Harper
13135:
13130:
13129:
13128:
13125:
13120:
13119:
13118:
13115:
13110:
13109:
13108:
13105:
13100:
13099:
13098:
13095:
13090:
13089:
13088:
13085:
13080:
13079:
13078:
13077:Wayne Gretzky
13075:
13070:
13069:
13068:
13065:
13060:
13059:
13058:
13055:
13050:
13049:
13048:
13045:
13040:
13039:
13038:
13037:RenΓ© LΓ©vesque
13035:
13030:
13029:
13028:
13025:
13020:
13019:
13018:
13015:
13010:
13009:
13008:
13005:
13000:
12999:
12998:
12997:Lucien Rivard
12995:
12990:
12989:
12988:
12985:
12980:
12979:
12978:
12977:RΓ©al Caouette
12975:
12970:
12969:
12968:
12965:
12960:
12959:
12958:
12955:
12950:
12949:
12948:
12945:
12940:
12939:
12938:
12935:
12930:
12929:
12928:
12925:
12920:
12919:
12918:
12915:
12910:
12909:
12908:
12905:
12900:
12899:
12898:
12895:
12890:
12889:
12888:
12885:
12880:
12879:
12878:
12877:Igor Gouzenko
12875:
12874:
12871:
12867:
12860:
12855:
12853:
12848:
12846:
12841:
12840:
12837:
12825:
12822:
12820:
12817:
12815:
12812:
12810:
12807:
12805:
12802:
12800:
12797:
12795:
12792:
12790:
12787:
12785:
12782:
12780:
12777:
12775:
12772:
12770:
12767:
12765:
12762:
12760:
12757:
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12752:
12750:
12747:
12745:
12742:
12740:
12737:
12735:
12732:
12730:
12727:
12725:
12722:
12720:
12717:
12715:
12712:
12710:
12707:
12705:
12702:
12700:
12697:
12695:
12692:
12690:
12687:
12685:
12682:
12680:
12677:
12675:
12672:
12670:
12667:
12665:
12662:
12660:
12657:
12655:
12652:
12650:
12647:
12645:
12642:
12640:
12637:
12635:
12632:
12630:
12627:
12625:
12622:
12620:
12617:
12615:
12612:
12610:
12607:
12605:
12602:
12600:
12597:
12595:
12592:
12590:
12587:
12585:
12582:
12580:
12577:
12575:
12572:
12570:
12567:
12565:
12562:
12560:
12557:
12555:
12552:
12550:
12547:
12545:
12542:
12540:
12537:
12535:
12532:
12530:
12527:
12526:
12523:
12519:
12512:
12507:
12505:
12500:
12498:
12493:
12492:
12489:
12477:
12474:
12472:
12469:
12467:
12464:
12462:
12459:
12457:
12454:
12452:
12449:
12447:
12444:
12442:
12439:
12437:
12434:
12432:
12429:
12427:
12424:
12422:
12419:
12417:
12414:
12412:
12409:
12407:
12404:
12402:
12399:
12397:
12394:
12392:
12389:
12387:
12384:
12382:
12379:
12377:
12374:
12372:
12369:
12367:
12364:
12362:
12359:
12357:
12354:
12352:
12349:
12347:
12344:
12341:
12338:
12335:
12332:
12330:
12327:
12325:
12322:
12320:
12317:
12315:
12312:
12310:
12307:
12305:
12302:
12300:
12297:
12295:
12292:
12290:
12287:
12285:
12282:
12280:
12277:
12275:
12272:
12270:
12267:
12265:
12262:
12260:
12257:
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12252:
12250:
12247:
12245:
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12240:
12237:
12235:
12232:
12230:
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12225:
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12217:
12215:
12212:
12210:
12207:
12205:
12202:
12200:
12197:
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12192:
12190:
12187:
12185:
12182:
12180:
12177:
12175:
12172:
12170:
12167:
12165:
12162:
12160:
12157:
12155:
12152:
12150:
12147:
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12143:
12139:
12132:
12127:
12125:
12120:
12118:
12113:
12112:
12109:
12098:
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12083:
12080:
12078:
12075:
12073:
12070:
12069:
12067:
12063:
12057:
12054:
12052:
12049:
12048:
12046:
12042:
12036:
12033:
12031:
12028:
12026:
12023:
12021:
12018:
12016:
12013:
12011:
12008:
12006:
12003:
12001:
11998:
11996:
11993:
11992:
11990:
11986:
11982:
11978:
11972:
11966:
11963:
11961:
11958:
11957:
11955:
11949:
11943:
11940:
11938:
11935:
11933:
11930:
11928:
11925:
11924:
11922:
11916:
11910:
11907:
11905:
11902:
11900:
11897:
11895:
11892:
11890:
11887:
11886:
11884:
11878:
11872:
11869:
11867:
11864:
11862:
11859:
11857:
11854:
11852:
11849:
11847:
11844:
11842:
11839:
11837:
11834:
11832:
11829:
11827:
11824:
11822:
11819:
11817:
11814:
11811:
11808:
11806:
11803:
11801:
11798:
11796:
11793:
11791:
11788:
11786:
11783:
11781:
11778:
11776:
11773:
11771:
11768:
11765:
11762:
11760:
11757:
11755:
11752:
11750:
11747:
11745:
11742:
11740:
11737:
11735:
11732:
11730:
11727:
11724:
11721:
11719:
11716:
11713:
11710:
11708:
11705:
11703:
11700:
11698:
11695:
11693:
11692:W. L. M. King
11690:
11688:
11685:
11683:
11680:
11678:
11675:
11674:
11672:
11669:
11665:
11661:
11654:
11649:
11647:
11642:
11640:
11635:
11634:
11631:
11619:
11616:
11614:
11611:
11609:
11606:
11604:
11601:
11599:
11596:
11594:
11591:
11586:
11583:
11581:
11578:
11576:
11573:
11571:
11568:
11566:
11563:
11561:
11558:
11556:
11553:
11551:
11548:
11546:
11543:
11541:
11538:
11536:
11533:
11532:
11530:
11526:
11520:
11517:
11515:
11512:
11510:
11507:
11505:
11502:
11500:
11497:
11495:
11492:
11491:
11489:
11485:
11479:
11476:
11474:
11471:
11469:
11466:
11464:
11461:
11459:
11456:
11454:
11451:
11449:
11446:
11443:
11440:
11438:
11435:
11433:
11430:
11428:
11425:
11423:
11420:
11418:
11415:
11413:
11410:
11408:
11405:
11403:
11400:
11398:
11395:
11393:
11390:
11388:
11385:
11383:
11380:
11378:
11375:
11374:
11372:
11368:
11364:
11357:
11352:
11350:
11345:
11343:
11338:
11337:
11334:
11322:
11319:
11317:
11314:
11312:
11309:
11307:
11304:
11302:
11299:
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11293:
11291:
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11276:
11266:
11263:
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11241:
11236:
11233:
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11217:
11215:
11212:
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11209:
11207:
11203:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11189:
11187:
11184:
11182:
11179:
11177:
11174:
11172:
11169:
11167:
11164:
11162:
11159:
11157:
11154:
11152:
11149:
11147:
11144:
11142:
11139:
11137:
11134:
11132:
11129:
11127:
11124:
11122:
11119:
11117:
11114:
11112:
11109:
11107:
11104:
11102:
11099:
11097:
11094:
11092:
11089:
11087:
11084:
11082:
11079:
11077:
11074:
11072:
11069:
11067:
11064:
11062:
11059:
11057:
11054:
11052:
11049:
11047:
11044:
11042:
11039:
11037:
11034:
11032:
11029:
11027:
11024:
11022:
11019:
11017:
11014:
11012:
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10998:
10996:
10990:
10980:
10977:
10975:
10972:
10970:
10967:
10966:
10964:
10960:
10954:
10951:
10949:
10946:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10899:
10896:
10894:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10884:
10881:
10877:
10867:
10864:
10862:
10859:
10857:
10854:
10852:
10849:
10847:
10844:
10842:
10839:
10837:
10836:
10832:
10830:
10827:
10825:
10822:
10820:
10817:
10815:
10812:
10811:
10809:
10807:
10803:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10789:
10787:
10784:
10782:
10779:
10777:
10774:
10772:
10769:
10767:
10764:
10763:
10761:
10757:
10751:
10748:
10746:
10743:
10741:
10738:
10736:
10733:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10723:
10721:
10718:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10710:P. E. Trudeau
10708:
10706:
10703:
10701:
10698:
10696:
10693:
10691:
10688:
10686:
10683:
10681:
10678:
10676:
10673:
10671:
10668:
10667:
10665:
10661:
10658:
10654:
10649:
10635:
10632:
10629:
10626:
10623:
10620:
10617:
10614:
10611:
10608:
10605:
10602:
10599:
10596:
10593:
10590:
10589:
10587:
10583:
10577:
10574:
10572:
10569:
10567:
10564:
10562:
10561:New Brunswick
10559:
10558:
10556:
10552:
10549:
10545:
10541:
10534:
10529:
10527:
10522:
10520:
10515:
10514:
10511:
10499:
10491:
10489:
10481:
10480:
10477:
10471:
10468:
10466:
10463:
10461:
10458:
10456:
10453:
10451:
10448:
10446:
10443:
10441:
10438:
10436:
10435:P. E. Trudeau
10433:
10431:
10428:
10426:
10425:P. E. Trudeau
10423:
10421:
10418:
10416:
10413:
10411:
10408:
10406:
10403:
10401:
10398:
10396:
10393:
10391:
10388:
10386:
10383:
10381:
10378:
10376:
10373:
10371:
10368:
10366:
10363:
10361:
10358:
10356:
10353:
10351:
10348:
10346:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10332:
10329:
10325:
10318:
10313:
10311:
10306:
10304:
10299:
10298:
10295:
10283:
10280:
10278:
10275:
10273:
10270:
10268:
10265:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10257:James Ralston
10255:
10253:
10250:
10248:
10245:
10243:
10240:
10238:
10235:
10233:
10230:
10228:
10225:
10223:
10220:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10188:
10185:
10183:
10180:
10178:
10175:
10173:
10170:
10168:
10165:
10163:
10160:
10158:
10155:
10153:
10150:
10148:
10145:
10143:
10140:
10138:
10135:
10133:
10130:
10128:
10125:
10123:
10120:
10118:
10115:
10113:
10110:
10108:
10107:Thomas Crerar
10105:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10085:
10083:
10080:
10078:
10075:
10073:
10070:
10069:
10068:
10067:
10061:
10056:
10053:
10049:
10048:Third cabinet
10042:
10037:
10035:
10030:
10028:
10023:
10022:
10019:
10013:
10006:
9991:
9982:
9981:
9979:
9970:
9964:
9959:
9955:
9946:
9945:
9934:
9928:
9923:
9919:
9910:
9909:
9905:
9899:
9895:
9890:
9885:
9884:
9879:
9874:
9873:
9868:
9864:
9855:
9854:
9849:
9844:
9843:
9836:
9835:R. B. Bennett
9830:
9825:
9824:
9819:
9814:
9813:
9808:
9804:
9803:R. B. Bennett
9795:
9794:
9789:
9784:
9783:
9778:
9773:
9772:
9767:
9762:
9761:
9756:
9751:
9750:
9743:
9737:
9733:
9724:
9723:
9716:
9710:
9706:
9697:
9696:
9690:
9686:
9681:
9677:
9668:
9667:
9659:
9653:
9649:
9640:
9638:
9637:Prince Albert
9629:
9623:
9619:
9610:
9609:
9601:
9595:
9591:
9582:
9581:
9573:
9567:
9563:
9554:
9553:
9545:
9539:
9536:
9532:
9527:
9520:
9514:
9510:
9506:
9503:
9501:
9498:
9495:
9492:
9490:
9487:
9484:
9480:
9477:
9474:
9473:
9468:
9466:
9462:
9459:
9456:
9454:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9442:
9438:
9435:
9434:
9429:
9425:
9422:
9420:
9417:
9415:
9412:
9408:
9404:
9403:
9394:
9393:
9388:
9385:
9384:
9375:
9371:
9368:
9365:
9361:
9359:
9355:
9351:
9348:
9344:
9340:
9337:
9334:
9330:
9326:
9322:
9319:
9318:
9314:
9311:
9307:
9303:
9300:
9296:
9292:
9289:
9285:
9282:
9281:
9272:
9268:
9265:
9264:0-80-202397-5
9261:
9257:
9254:
9253:Stacey, C. P.
9251:
9249:
9245:
9241:
9237:
9233:
9229:
9225:
9221:
9219:0-00-200027-X
9215:
9210:
9209:
9202:
9199:
9195:
9192:
9189:
9186:
9183:
9179:
9176:
9172:
9169:
9165:
9162:
9158:
9155:
9151:
9147:
9144:
9140:
9138:
9135:(2012) 472pp
9134:
9130:
9126:
9121:
9120:
9110:
9106:
9102:
9098:
9094:
9090:
9089:
9083:
9079:(2): 177β199.
9078:
9074:
9073:Prairie Forum
9069:
9062:September 18,
9057:
9053:
9052:
9046:
9044:
9040:
9036:
9032:
9026:
9022:
9018:
9017:
9011:
9006:
9004:0-88862-115-9
9000:
8996:
8995:
8989:
8984:
8982:0-8020-5502-8
8978:
8974:
8969:
8968:
8961:
8956:
8954:0-7705-1529-0
8950:
8946:
8941:
8939:
8935:
8931:
8927:
8923:
8919:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8904:(1): 77β100.
8903:
8899:
8898:
8892:
8888:
8882:
8878:
8877:
8872:
8868:
8867:
8842:
8835:
8829:
8821:
8817:
8811:
8796:
8792:
8786:
8771:
8764:
8758:
8743:
8739:
8733:
8717:
8713:
8709:
8703:
8701:
8691:
8683:
8677:
8673:
8672:
8664:
8662:
8660:
8658:
8650:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8632:
8631:
8624:
8608:
8604:
8600:
8594:
8592:
8584:
8580:
8576:
8571:
8564:
8559:
8551:
8545:
8541:
8540:
8532:
8524:
8518:
8514:
8513:
8505:
8497:
8491:
8487:
8486:
8478:
8471:
8465:
8458:
8452:
8444:
8437:
8431:
8430:Stacey (1985)
8426:
8419:. Gray's Pub.
8417:
8416:
8407:
8392:
8386:
8382:
8381:
8373:
8367:
8366:Stacey (1976)
8362:
8360:
8351:
8345:
8341:
8340:
8332:
8317:. Parli. 2021
8316:
8312:
8306:
8298:
8294:
8290:
8286:
8279:
8277:
8267:
8265:0-88780-136-6
8261:
8257:
8253:
8247:
8231:
8227:
8221:
8213:
8209:
8203:
8195:
8193:0-7705-1529-0
8189:
8185:
8178:
8170:
8164:
8160:
8159:
8151:
8135:
8131:
8127:
8121:
8106:
8103:
8097:
8082:
8078:
8072:
8057:
8050:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8020:
8004:
8000:
7996:
7990:
7975:
7971:
7967:
7963:
7959:
7955:
7951:
7944:
7935:
7934:
7925:
7910:
7906:
7900:
7891:
7876:
7872:
7865:
7856:
7848:
7846:0-8020-2670-2
7842:
7838:
7834:
7828:
7820:
7818:0-8020-5774-8
7814:
7810:
7804:
7785:
7781:
7779:0-88862-413-1
7775:
7768:
7767:
7759:
7750:
7741:
7732:
7723:
7714:
7705:
7696:
7688:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7661:
7654:
7643:
7639:
7633:
7618:
7614:
7607:
7599:
7592:
7584:
7577:
7562:
7558:
7551:
7543:
7536:
7529:
7523:
7508:
7504:
7497:
7482:
7478:
7471:
7456:
7452:
7446:
7431:
7427:
7421:
7414:
7403:
7399:
7393:
7385:
7383:0-275-95500-1
7379:
7375:
7368:
7360:
7353:
7351:
7335:
7331:
7324:
7317:
7305:
7301:
7295:
7287:
7281:
7277:
7276:
7268:
7253:
7249:
7242:
7235:
7231:
7226:
7218:
7212:
7208:
7201:
7193:
7187:
7183:
7182:
7174:
7166:
7164:0-7737-3084-2
7160:
7156:
7149:
7141:
7139:0-7146-4995-3
7135:
7131:
7127:
7123:
7116:
7110:, pp. 287β293
7109:
7108:Neatby (1976)
7104:
7096:
7090:
7086:
7085:
7077:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7050:
7042:
7038:
7034:
7030:
7026:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7007:
6991:
6987:
6983:
6977:
6969:
6967:0-297-99390-9
6963:
6959:
6955:
6949:
6941:
6939:0-8138-1865-6
6935:
6930:
6929:
6920:
6912:
6906:
6902:
6897:
6896:
6887:
6879:
6875:
6871:
6867:
6860:
6845:
6841:
6834:
6819:
6815:
6808:
6792:
6788:
6784:
6777:
6770:
6766:
6763:
6757:
6742:
6738:
6731:
6716:
6712:
6706:
6691:
6687:
6680:
6672:
6666:
6662:
6661:
6653:
6645:
6641:
6634:
6618:
6614:
6608:
6600:
6598:0-8032-4787-7
6594:
6590:
6589:
6581:
6573:
6567:
6559:
6553:
6549:
6548:
6540:
6533:
6529:
6524:
6518:
6513:
6505:
6499:
6495:
6494:
6486:
6479:
6476:
6471:
6463:
6461:0-7715-5661-6
6457:
6453:
6446:
6444:
6437:, pp. 143β48.
6436:
6435:Neatby (1976)
6431:
6423:
6419:
6415:
6411:
6407:
6403:
6396:
6388:
6382:
6378:
6377:
6369:
6353:
6349:
6343:
6334:
6330:
6326:
6319:
6312:
6311:Neatby (1963)
6307:
6299:
6297:0-7710-1270-5
6293:
6289:
6284:
6283:
6274:
6267:
6266:Neatby (1963)
6262:
6253:
6244:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6213:
6205:
6201:
6197:
6190:
6183:
6177:
6170:
6169:Neatby (1963)
6165:
6157:
6155:0-88619-169-6
6151:
6147:
6140:
6132:
6130:0-7735-0751-5
6126:
6121:
6120:
6111:
6104:
6099:
6084:
6080:
6073:
6066:
6061:
6054:
6049:
6042:
6037:
6021:
6017:
6013:
6007:
5999:
5997:0-7710-8564-8
5993:
5989:
5985:
5978:
5970:
5966:
5962:
5958:
5954:
5950:
5949:
5941:
5934:
5929:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5909:
5905:
5901:
5898:(2): 97β122.
5897:
5893:
5886:
5878:
5874:
5870:
5866:
5859:
5851:
5850:
5842:
5833:
5818:
5814:
5808:
5801:
5796:
5790:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5771:
5766:
5759:
5754:
5746:
5742:
5736:
5728:
5727:
5722:
5716:
5708:
5706:0-8020-4733-5
5702:
5698:
5691:
5689:
5672:
5668:
5662:
5654:
5648:
5644:
5637:
5635:
5626:
5620:
5616:
5615:
5607:
5600:
5595:
5587:
5583:
5582:
5574:
5572:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5535:
5528:
5521:
5516:
5509:
5504:
5496:
5494:0-679-43808-4
5490:
5486:
5479:
5472:
5467:
5451:
5447:
5441:
5432:
5428:
5423:
5422:
5416:
5409:
5401:
5397:
5390:
5383:
5378:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5347:
5345:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5289:
5282:
5277:
5269:
5268:
5260:
5252:
5245:
5244:
5239:
5232:
5230:
5221:
5220:
5212:
5204:
5203:
5195:
5187:
5186:
5178:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5151:
5143:
5142:
5134:
5127:
5122:
5106:
5102:
5098:
5092:
5083:
5077:
5072:
5071:
5062:
5054:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5038:
5034:
5031:(2): 97β122.
5030:
5026:
5022:
5015:
5006:
5004:0-7705-1509-6
5000:
4996:
4992:
4991:Stacey, C. P.
4986:
4980:
4976:
4971:
4956:
4949:
4943:
4935:
4930:
4922:
4914:
4908:
4903:
4902:
4893:
4885:
4878:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4855:(1): 77β100.
4854:
4850:
4843:
4835:
4834:
4829:
4823:
4808:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4791:
4789:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4779:
4777:
4775:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4759:
4757:
4755:
4753:
4751:
4734:
4730:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4713:
4709:
4693:
4689:
4670:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4580:
4577:
4574:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4554:
4545:
4541:
4538:This list is
4536:
4529:
4528:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4499:
4498:
4494:
4492:
4489:
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4473:
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4461:
4458:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4421:
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4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4392:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4360:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4352:
4349:
4345:
4344:
4339:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4328:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4302:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4281:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4267:
4266:
4260:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4220:
4217:
4213:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4194:
4191:
4187:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4176:
4171:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4137:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4119:'s 2019 film
4118:
4114:
4110:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4086:
4084:
4080:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4064:
4063:Alligator Pie
4058:
4055:
4051:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4024:Gatineau Park
4021:
4016:
4014:
4009:
4007:
4006:Rideau Centre
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3984:sovereigntist
3981:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3940:
3929:
3926:
3918:
3915:December 2017
3908:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3892:This section
3890:
3886:
3881:
3880:
3872:
3870:
3865:
3862:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3847:
3842:
3832:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3785:
3776:
3769:
3764:
3760:
3758:
3752:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3728:
3719:
3703:
3693:
3690:
3689:A runoff vote
3686:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3670:
3665:
3663:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3645:
3644:Supreme Court
3641:
3638:
3637:Chief Justice
3634:
3629:
3625:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3599:Igor Gouzenko
3596:
3591:
3589:
3588:middle powers
3585:
3581:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3556:Prince Albert
3553:
3549:
3544:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3530:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3508:1945 election
3500:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3486:
3481:
3473:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3405:nuclear power
3402:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3341:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3292:, triggering
3291:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3265:French Canada
3262:
3258:
3257:Arthur Cardin
3254:
3250:
3246:
3236:
3232:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3120:
3115:
3108:
3103:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3079:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3050:
3042:
3038:
3034:
3029:
3020:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3009:
3003:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2956:and met with
2955:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:Criminal Code
2896:
2892:
2889:, passed the
2888:
2885:
2882:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2866:
2865:Social Credit
2862:
2858:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2828:John Grierson
2824:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2811:In 1936, the
2807:Media reforms
2804:
2802:
2798:
2793:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2715:Criminal Code
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2661:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2648:
2638:
2635:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2604:
2603:at the time.
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2589:1935 election
2585:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2559:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2505:
2498:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2449:George McPhee
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2425:John Vallance
2422:
2418:
2417:C. A. Dunning
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2391:Other reforms
2388:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2325:Pacific Ocean
2322:
2316:
2311:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2292:Chanak Crisis
2285:
2281:
2276:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2211:King ran the
2205:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2143:Conservatives
2140:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2116:City planning
2113:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:Thomas Crerar
2057:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2036:Balancing act
2033:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2010:Conservatives
2007:
2006:1921 election
1997:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1939:1917 election
1936:
1935:Robert Borden
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1893:
1885:
1880:
1873:
1868:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1826:
1824:
1823:Conservatives
1820:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1706:
1697:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1674:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1645:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1617:pioneered by
1616:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1464:Confederation
1461:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1416:1940 election
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1370:1935 election
1367:
1362:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1308:Conservatives
1305:
1304:1925 election
1301:
1297:
1293:
1292:Chanak Crisis
1289:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1229:welfare state
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1180:
1158:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1061:Resting place
1059:
1055:
1047:July 22, 1950
1046:
1042:
1038:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
990:
987:
981:
978:
975:
969:
963:
958:
955:
948:
945:
942:
936:
933:
930:
924:
918:
913:
910:
903:
900:
897:
891:
888:
885:
879:
873:
868:
865:
858:
855:
852:
846:
843:
840:
834:
828:
823:
820:
819:Prince Albert
813:
810:
809:William Major
807:
801:
798:
795:
789:
783:
778:
775:
770:
766:
762:
755:
751:
747:
743:
736:
733:
727:
724:
721:
715:
712:
709:
703:
697:
692:
689:
685:
681:
675:
671:
665:
661:
655:
649:
644:
641:R. B. Bennett
640:
634:
630:
624:
620:
614:
608:
603:
599:
593:
590:R. B. Bennett
589:
583:
579:
573:
567:
562:
559:
555:
551:
544:
540:
536:
532:
524:
518:
514:
508:
502:
497:
494:
490:
486:
480:
477:
474:
468:
463:
462:Robert Borden
460:
454:
448:
443:
439:
433:
429:
423:
419:
413:
407:
402:
399:R. B. Bennett
398:
392:
389:R. B. Bennett
388:
382:
379:R. B. Bennett
378:
372:
366:
361:
358:
354:
350:
343:
339:
335:
329:
325:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
297:
292:
288:
282:
279:
276:
270:
264:
261:
259:
256:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
235:
230:
227:
224:
218:
215:
212:
206:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
181:
179:
175:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
155:
153:
149:
143:
138:
135:
130:
126:
119:
114:
109:
105:
101:
92:
87:
78:
75:December 2023
68:
64:
58:
56:
50:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
13644:
13627:
13610:
13593:
13581:from Commons
13576:
13555:
13167:Kim Campbell
12927:Marilyn Bell
12896:
12598:
12583:
12573:
12346:D. Macdonald
12288:
12278:
12268:
12094:
11691:
11416:
11406:
11396:
11277:
11206:Predecessors
10833:
10694:
10628:Saskatchewan
10404:
10394:
10384:
10065:
10064:
10054:
9990:Harry S. New
9977:
9974:
9942:
9902:
9897:
9881:
9870:
9851:
9840:
9821:
9810:
9791:
9780:
9769:
9758:
9747:
9720:
9693:
9688:
9663:
9633:
9605:
9577:
9549:
9470:
9444:
9431:
9390:
9363:
9353:
9346:
9342:
9324:
9316:
9294:
9283:
9270:
9255:
9243:
9235:
9207:
9197:
9190:
9181:
9174:
9167:
9149:
9142:
9132:
9124:
9095:(4): 40β60.
9092:
9086:
9076:
9072:
9060:. Retrieved
9056:the original
9050:
9038:
9015:
8993:
8966:
8944:
8933:
8901:
8895:
8875:
8864:Biographical
8844:. Retrieved
8840:
8828:
8819:
8810:
8798:. Retrieved
8794:
8785:
8773:. Retrieved
8769:
8757:
8745:. Retrieved
8741:
8732:
8720:. Retrieved
8716:the original
8711:
8690:
8670:
8646:
8638:
8630:Windsor Star
8628:
8623:
8611:. Retrieved
8607:the original
8602:
8583:Parks Canada
8578:
8570:
8558:
8538:
8531:
8511:
8504:
8484:
8477:
8469:
8464:
8456:
8451:
8442:
8436:
8425:
8414:
8406:
8394:. Retrieved
8379:
8372:
8338:
8331:
8319:. Retrieved
8314:
8305:
8291:(6): 70β71.
8288:
8284:
8255:
8252:Stacey, C.P.
8246:
8234:. Retrieved
8229:
8220:
8211:
8202:
8183:
8177:
8157:
8150:
8138:. Retrieved
8134:the original
8129:
8120:
8108:. Retrieved
8104:
8096:
8084:. Retrieved
8080:
8071:
8059:. Retrieved
8049:
8037:. Retrieved
8033:the original
8028:
8019:
8007:. Retrieved
7999:CBC Archives
7998:
7989:
7977:. Retrieved
7957:
7953:
7943:
7932:
7924:
7912:. Retrieved
7908:
7899:
7890:
7878:. Retrieved
7874:
7864:
7855:
7836:
7827:
7808:
7803:
7791:. Retrieved
7784:the original
7765:
7758:
7749:
7740:
7731:
7722:
7713:
7704:
7695:
7670:
7666:
7660:
7652:
7645:. Retrieved
7641:
7632:
7620:. Retrieved
7616:
7606:
7597:
7591:
7582:
7576:
7564:. Retrieved
7560:
7550:
7541:
7535:
7527:
7522:
7510:. Retrieved
7506:
7496:
7484:. Retrieved
7480:
7470:
7458:. Retrieved
7454:
7445:
7433:. Retrieved
7429:
7420:
7412:
7405:. Retrieved
7401:
7392:
7373:
7367:
7358:
7337:. Retrieved
7333:
7323:
7315:
7308:. Retrieved
7303:
7294:
7274:
7267:
7255:. Retrieved
7251:
7241:
7229:
7225:
7206:
7200:
7180:
7173:
7154:
7148:
7125:
7115:
7103:
7083:
7076:
7059:
7055:
7049:
7019:(4): 26β44.
7016:
7012:
7006:
6996:November 24,
6994:. Retrieved
6990:the original
6985:
6976:
6957:
6948:
6927:
6919:
6894:
6886:
6869:
6865:
6859:
6847:. Retrieved
6843:
6833:
6821:. Retrieved
6817:
6807:
6795:. Retrieved
6786:
6776:
6756:
6744:. Retrieved
6740:
6730:
6718:. Retrieved
6714:
6705:
6693:. Retrieved
6689:
6679:
6659:
6652:
6643:
6638:Ann McAfee.
6633:
6621:. Retrieved
6617:the original
6607:
6587:
6580:
6566:
6546:
6539:
6527:
6523:
6512:
6492:
6485:
6470:
6451:
6430:
6405:
6401:
6395:
6375:
6368:
6356:. Retrieved
6351:
6342:
6324:
6318:
6306:
6281:
6273:
6261:
6252:
6243:
6231:. Retrieved
6227:the original
6222:
6212:
6195:
6189:
6181:
6176:
6164:
6145:
6139:
6118:
6110:
6098:
6086:. Retrieved
6082:
6072:
6060:
6048:
6036:
6024:. Retrieved
6020:the original
6015:
6006:
5983:
5977:
5952:
5946:
5940:
5928:
5895:
5891:
5885:
5868:
5864:
5858:
5848:
5841:
5832:
5820:. Retrieved
5816:
5807:
5802:, pp. 76β78.
5795:
5765:
5753:
5744:
5735:
5724:
5715:
5696:
5677:November 27,
5675:. Retrieved
5661:
5642:
5613:
5606:
5594:
5580:
5540:(4): 28β39.
5537:
5533:
5527:
5515:
5503:
5484:
5478:
5466:
5454:. Retrieved
5450:the original
5440:
5420:
5408:
5399:
5395:
5389:
5377:
5365:. Retrieved
5356:
5331:. Retrieved
5327:
5318:
5306:. Retrieved
5302:the original
5297:
5288:
5276:
5266:
5259:
5241:
5218:
5211:
5201:
5194:
5184:
5177:
5160:
5156:
5150:
5140:
5133:
5121:
5109:. Retrieved
5105:the original
5100:
5091:
5069:
5061:
5028:
5024:
5014:
4994:
4985:
4979:Parks Canada
4970:
4960:February 18,
4958:. Retrieved
4954:
4942:
4933:
4921:
4900:
4892:
4883:
4877:
4852:
4848:
4842:
4832:
4822:
4810:. Retrieved
4800:
4737:. Retrieved
4722:
4712:
4692:
4614:Robert Smith
4566:
4548:
4511:
4485:
4459:
4433:
4404:
4133:
4120:
4106:
4096:
4089:
4087:
4082:
4076:
4061:
4059:
4047:
4017:
4013:Rideau Canal
4010:
3992:
3977:
3972:
3971:(1986), and
3968:
3964:
3960:
3952:
3950:
3945:
3943:
3941:since 1975.
3936:
3921:
3912:
3901:Please help
3896:verification
3893:
3866:
3858:
3850:
3838:
3821:
3817:
3811:
3804:spiritualism
3801:
3781:
3753:
3749:
3733:
3699:
3666:
3651:
3649:
3623:
3592:
3584:major powers
3577:
3545:
3541:John Bracken
3511:
3476:
3444:
3435:Conscription
3398:
3372:
3353:
3347:
3338:
3310:
3279:
3272:
3242:
3233:
3211:
3207:Newfoundland
3195:Pearl Harbor
3187:an agreement
3184:
3168:
3139:World War II
3128:
3046:
3017:World War II
3007:
2992:
2977:
2972:
2958:Adolf Hitler
2954:Nazi Germany
2951:
2946:Nazi Germany
2912:
2898:
2894:
2881:conservative
2874:
2854:
2839:
2825:
2820:
2810:
2797:nationalized
2794:
2775:
2751:
2738:
2736:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2671:
2667:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2631:
2610:
2586:
2575:
2563:
2560:(left), 1934
2558:R.B. Bennett
2539:
2519:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2473:Saskatchewan
2462:
2457:William Bock
2445:A. F. Totzke
2421:Fred Johnson
2405:Peter Heenan
2378:
2355:
2318:
2313:
2289:
2233:Newfoundland
2210:
2179:
2136:
2119:
2103:
2101:
2085:
2083:
2065:Robert Forke
2058:
2043:
2039:
2023:
2003:
1982:
1957:
1919:conscription
1916:
1907:
1898:
1896:
1889:
1883:
1837:
1812:
1806:
1804:
1777:
1745:
1740:
1729:Ottawa River
1722:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1675:
1670:Toronto News
1669:
1666:W. A. Hewitt
1662:Toronto News
1661:
1655:
1649:
1642:
1631:James Loudon
1627:Edward Blake
1619:Toynbee Hall
1612:
1585:
1582:King in 1899
1564:Presbyterian
1561:
1557:
1531:
1514:Adolf Hitler
1506:spiritualism
1476:
1456:Newfoundland
1377:
1363:
1285:
1277:conscription
1241:
1233:middle power
1187:
1186:
1049:(1950-07-22)
984:Succeeded by
961:
939:Succeeded by
916:
894:Succeeded by
871:
849:Succeeded by
826:
804:Succeeded by
781:
730:Succeeded by
722:
695:
678:Succeeded by
647:
637:Succeeded by
606:
596:Succeeded by
565:
521:Succeeded by
500:
483:Succeeded by
446:
436:Succeeded by
405:
395:Succeeded by
364:
332:Succeeded by
295:
285:Succeeded by
233:
221:Succeeded by
141:
122:King in 1942
72:
55:lead section
53:
36:
13675:1950 deaths
13670:1874 births
13381:Gord Downie
13327:Jack Layton
13277:John Gomery
13267:Paul Martin
13117:Ben Johnson
13107:Rick Hansen
13097:Steve Fonyo
12967:James Coyne
12664:Diefenbaker
12654:St. Laurent
12649:Diefenbaker
12391:Mazankowski
12309:Diefenbaker
11442:Diefenbaker
11432:Diefenbaker
11422:St. Laurent
11272: 1830
11257:Parti rouge
11249: 1800
11226: 1850
11219:Clear Grits
10918:St. Laurent
10886:Governments
10700:St. Laurent
10630:(1905β2009)
10624:(1867β1964)
10618:(1867β1976)
10612:(1898β1905)
10600:(1903β1987)
10594:(1905β1976)
10571:Nova Scotia
10415:Diefenbaker
10410:St. Laurent
10167:Joseph Jean
9572:Joseph Read
9496:1939 speech
9131:Cook, Tim.
8674:. Dundurn.
8039:January 22,
7979:January 22,
7914:January 22,
7880:January 22,
7793:December 6,
7647:January 23,
7512:January 22,
7486:January 22,
7460:January 22,
7435:January 21,
7407:January 21,
7376:. Praeger.
7339:January 20,
7310:January 20,
6872:(1): 1β21.
6623:October 12,
6408:(1): 3β36.
6358:January 16,
6233:January 22,
6065:Dawson 1958
6053:Dawson 1958
6041:Dawson 1958
5822:January 22,
5770:Dawson 1958
5758:Dawson 1958
5741:"No. 32870"
5721:"No. 32721"
5599:Dawson 1958
5520:Dawson 1958
5508:Dawson 1958
5471:Dawson 1958
5456:December 4,
5435:, pp. 28β33
5382:Dawson 1958
5333:January 22,
5281:Dawson 1958
5126:Dawson 1958
5111:December 7,
4512:3 June 1950
4456:Connecticut
4180:Description
4099:Sean McCann
4079:Donald Jack
4072:nonsensical
3808:C.P. Stacey
3485:Dieppe Raid
3155:declare war
3070:during the
2891:Padlock Law
2748:Agriculture
2497:court dress
2441:Gordon Ross
2409:John Millar
2319:For years,
2290:During the
2280:Esme Howard
2080:Immigration
1927:Anglophones
1733:Sir Galahad
1682:Jane Addams
1644:The Varsity
1508:and use of
1114:(no degree)
972:Preceded by
932:Joseph Read
927:Preceded by
882:Preceded by
837:Preceded by
792:Preceded by
718:Preceded by
668:Preceded by
627:Preceded by
586:Preceded by
511:Preceded by
471:Preceded by
426:Preceded by
385:Preceded by
322:Preceded by
273:Preceded by
209:Preceded by
163:Edward VIII
13659:Categories
13595:Quotations
13548:Liberalism
12314:Lamontagne
12294:St-Laurent
12179:Huntington
11712:J. H. King
11682:Aylesworth
10994:candidates
10953:J. Trudeau
10750:J. Trudeau
10606:(1870βWW1)
10470:J. Trudeau
10157:C. D. Howe
9948:1919β1948
9912:1900β1908
9898:New office
9887:1935β1948
9876:1935β1948
9857:1935β1946
9846:1930β1935
9827:1926β1930
9816:1926β1930
9797:1926β1930
9775:1921β1926
9764:1921β1926
9753:1921β1926
9726:1919β1921
9699:1909β1911
9670:1945β1949
9642:1926β1945
9612:1921β1925
9608:York North
9584:1919β1921
9556:1908β1911
9483:Faded Page
8742:Queensu.ca
8105:Parliament
6333:B000GPCV06
6204:B000LRH2N0
5431:B0007ISXVI
5101:Great Past
4679:References
4540:incomplete
4113:Dan Beirne
4068:Dennis Lee
3998:Transitway
3994:OC Transpo
3859:Historian
3851:Historian
3839:Historian
3696:Retirement
3439:See also:
3409:C. D. Howe
3384:Ken Stuart
2782:Air Canada
2634:Reciprocal
2628:Free trade
2547:free trade
2370:Hume Wrong
2338:convention
2296:Parliament
2163:corruption
1974:King, 1919
1943:York North
1780:Parliament
1735:statue on
1686:Hull House
1660:, and the
1468:technocrat
1449:introduced
1425:The Allies
1402:) and the
1400:Air Canada
1374:Reciprocal
1296:Parliament
1209:politician
1083:Alma mater
1030:1874-12-17
864:York North
13629:Textbooks
13512:Biography
13385:2016β2017
13311:2008β2009
13271:2003β2004
13111:1986β1987
13091:1983β1984
13071:1980β1981
13067:Terry Fox
13057:Joe Clark
13041:1976β1977
13031:1968β1975
12991:1963β1964
12951:1957β1960
12941:1955β1956
12921:1950β1953
12824:Poilievre
12784:Ignatieff
12674:Stanfield
12539:Mackenzie
12534:Macdonald
12529:Mackenzie
12421:Robillard
12386:Hnatyshyn
12361:MacEachen
12351:MacEachen
12340:MacEachen
12319:McIlraith
12214:Macdonald
12082:MacKinnon
12020:Blackburn
11995:Robillard
11965:Poilievre
11894:Pettigrew
11871:Robillard
11821:Alexander
11816:O'Connell
11800:O'Connell
11785:Nicholson
11780:MacEachen
11739:Robertson
11702:Robertson
11670:(1900β96)
11608:Champagne
11593:Nicholson
11555:Pettigrew
11509:McDougall
11494:MacEachen
11478:MacGuigan
11473:MacDonald
11463:MacEachen
11265:Reformers
11261:(1848β61)
11234:(1844β80)
10893:Mackenzie
10791:Ignatieff
10786:Robillard
10740:Ignatieff
10675:Mackenzie
10345:Macdonald
10340:Mackenzie
10335:Macdonald
10057:(1935β48)
9976:Cover of
9689:New title
9666:Glengarry
9109:152214059
8926:154305556
8613:April 17,
8297:1920-9894
8236:April 17,
8110:April 18,
8086:April 19,
8061:April 19,
7622:August 2,
7566:August 4,
7041:152129614
7033:0021-9495
6895:Duplessis
6878:0030-2953
6849:April 10,
6823:April 10,
6797:April 11,
6746:April 10,
6695:April 10,
6532:Pat Thane
6475:CA, 1867:
6223:Maclean's
5969:143421201
5920:145272228
5772:, 14, 15.
5562:151462556
5554:0021-9495
5510:, ch. 10.
5053:145272228
4869:154305556
4704:Citations
4638:Ivan Rand
4551:June 2018
4379:Location
4111:, and by
4091:Due South
4081:'s novel
3875:Memorials
3871:in 1968.
3831:in 1935.
3642:, in the
3568:Glengarry
3564:safe seat
3526:socialist
3049:George VI
3008:St. Louis
2966:Wagnerian
2923:Rhineland
2875:In 1937,
2674:Keynesian
2495:King, in
2245:The Crown
2186:Lord Byng
1892:Great War
1768:Vancouver
1764:narcotics
1756:Japantown
1651:The Globe
1568:socialism
1537:Kitchener
1408:broke out
1323:Lord Byng
1139:Signature
962:In office
917:In office
872:In office
827:In office
782:In office
774:Glengarry
696:In office
648:In office
607:In office
566:In office
501:In office
447:In office
406:In office
365:In office
296:In office
234:In office
168:George VI
142:In office
132:10th
65:and help
13536:Politics
13347:Rob Ford
12754:Reynolds
12729:Gauthier
12719:Bouchard
12714:ChrΓ©tien
12699:Mulroney
12569:McKenzie
12446:Penashue
12431:Van Loan
12342:(acting)
12336:(acting)
12299:Chevrier
12204:Mousseau
12194:O'Connor
12174:McDonald
12169:O'Connor
12051:Mihychuk
12010:Bradshaw
12005:MacAulay
12000:Gagliano
11927:Stronach
11866:Axworthy
11861:Valcourt
11841:McKnight
11812:(acting)
11795:Mackasey
11766:(acting)
11759:Mitchell
11725:(acting)
11714:(acting)
11697:Crothers
11603:Freeland
11588:(Acting)
11540:Axworthy
11499:ChrΓ©tien
11468:Jamieson
11444:(acting)
10943:ChrΓ©tien
10879:Cabinets
10781:McLellan
10720:ChrΓ©tien
10690:McKenzie
10604:Manitoba
10488:Category
10455:ChrΓ©tien
10450:Campbell
10445:Mulroney
10355:Thompson
9980:magazine
9485:(Canada)
9461:Archived
9302:Archived
9228:41432030
9157:Archived
9041:. 480pp
8873:(1994).
8648:Playback
8396:July 20,
8321:April 2,
8254:(1985).
8140:June 10,
8009:June 10,
7974:40194144
7835:(1988).
7687:20029058
7507:Ingenium
7257:April 5,
6956:(1972).
6791:Archived
6787:NFB Blog
6765:Archived
6422:40202349
6352:Parli.ca
6026:July 20,
5935:, p. 152
5417:(1952).
5367:July 21,
5361:Archived
4993:(1976).
4830:(1994).
4812:July 20,
4733:Archived
4482:Virginia
3975:(1989).
3967:(1983),
3959:'s play
3607:Canadian
3595:Cold War
3522:deficits
3497:a mutiny
3413:Montreal
3143:George V
3006:MS
2998:refugees
2821:Mr. Sage
2708:and the
2582:balanced
2567:New Deal
2565:for the
2465:Manitoba
2429:Ed Young
2229:dominion
1985:Prairies
1857:Colorado
1811:and the
1445:Cold War
1412:deployed
1294:without
1223:and the
1205:Canadian
1056:, Canada
1039:, Canada
308:George V
246:George V
158:George V
151:Monarchs
13498:Portals
12814:O'Toole
12804:Ambrose
12799:Mulcair
12739:Manning
12734:Duceppe
12724:Duceppe
12694:Nielsen
12684:Trudeau
12659:Pearson
12624:Bracken
12619:Graydon
12604:Bennett
12594:Bennett
12589:Guthrie
12579:Meighen
12564:Laurier
12549:Laurier
12466:LeBlanc
12436:Ambrose
12416:Coderre
12381:Nielsen
12376:Ouellet
12334:Trudeau
12324:Favreau
12284:Bennett
12274:Meighen
12264:Normand
12244:Laurier
12209:McLelan
12184:Cauchon
12077:O'Regan
12025:Ambrose
12015:Fontana
11937:Solberg
11899:Stewart
11851:Corbeil
11846:Cadieux
11836:Ouellet
11810:Ouellet
11754:McLarty
11718:Elliott
11707:Murdock
11687:Lemieux
11613:Garneau
11570:Emerson
11565:Bernier
11535:Ouellet
11519:Ouellet
11427:Pearson
11412:Bennett
11402:Meighen
11392:Meighen
11214:History
10923:Pearson
10898:Laurier
10796:Goodale
10705:Pearson
10685:Laurier
10663:Leaders
10616:Ontario
10592:Alberta
10420:Pearson
10400:Bennett
10390:Meighen
10380:Meighen
10370:Laurier
9937:Interim
9511:of the
9507:in the
9308:; also
9297:(1918)
9273:(1977).
9200:(1969).
9152:(1998)
8918:3230872
8846:July 8,
8800:July 8,
8775:July 8,
8747:July 8,
8722:July 8,
7130:320β325
6720:June 9,
6574:. 1939.
6337:, Ch. 2
5900:Bibcode
5817:Pier 21
5308:June 8,
5086:, Ch. 1
5033:Bibcode
4739:June 9,
4590:Laurier
4508:Ontario
4430:Ontario
4417:(LL.D)
4401:Ontario
4388:Degree
4385:School
4285:As the
4249:As the
4129:Honours
4030:of the
3782:King's
3713:⁄
3635:, from
3539:leader
3454:of the
3302:Liberal
3229:U-boats
3093:at the
2974:people.
2733:Housing
2700:Workers
2486:senator
2469:Alberta
2321:halibut
2092:Chinese
2052:of the
2050:tariffs
2004:In the
1989:Alberta
1786:in the
1784:Liberal
1766:use in
1545:Toronto
1510:mediums
1486:⁄
1368:in the
1357:led to
1269:acceded
1217:Liberal
1076:Liberal
662:Himself
621:Himself
580:Himself
305:Monarch
243:Monarch
13524:Canada
12819:Bergen
12809:Scheer
12794:Turmel
12789:Layton
12774:Graham
12769:Harper
12759:Harper
12704:Turner
12614:Hanson
12609:Manion
12559:Borden
12554:Tupper
12476:Sajjan
12456:Monsef
12441:Verner
12371:Pinard
12329:Gordon
12304:Dorion
12259:Calder
12254:Rowell
12249:Borden
12239:Angers
12234:Bowell
12224:Abbott
12199:Masson
12164:Tupper
12035:Leitch
11981:Duclos
11960:Kenney
11942:Finley
11932:Finley
11909:Dryden
11904:Frulla
11831:Caccia
11764:Martin
11749:Rogers
11744:Gordon
11734:Heenan
11723:Manion
11677:Mulock
11575:Cannon
11560:MacKay
11550:Graham
11545:Manley
11514:Beatty
11453:Martin
11387:Borden
11377:Murphy
10948:Martin
10938:Turner
10903:King 1
10776:Manley
10730:Graham
10725:Martin
10715:Turner
10622:Quebec
10465:Harper
10460:Martin
10440:Turner
10375:Borden
10365:Tupper
10360:Bowell
10350:Abbott
9908:Labour
9580:Prince
9262:
9248:online
9226:
9216:
9193:(1975)
9170:(1959)
9107:
9027:
9001:
8979:
8951:
8924:
8916:
8883:
8841:Uwo.ca
8678:
8546:
8519:
8492:
8387:
8346:
8295:
8270:, p. 9
8262:
8190:
8165:
7972:
7843:
7815:
7776:
7685:
7380:
7282:
7236:, 2009
7213:
7188:
7161:
7136:
7091:
7039:
7031:
6964:
6936:
6907:
6876:
6667:
6595:
6554:
6500:
6458:
6420:
6383:
6331:
6294:
6290:, 70.
6202:
6152:
6127:
6088:May 3,
5994:
5967:
5918:
5703:
5649:
5621:
5560:
5552:
5491:
5429:
5078:
5051:
5001:
4909:
4867:
4506:
4480:
4454:
4428:
4399:
4183:Notes
4177:Ribbon
4083:Me Too
4057:1916.
3996:has a
3953:Isabel
3835:Legacy
3784:occult
3495:) and
3472:VE-Day
3259:, and
3251:under
3043:, 1939
2995:Jewish
2948:, 1937
2942:Berlin
2879:, the
2863:) and
2471:, and
2374:France
2300:London
1923:Quebec
1886:, 1917
1874:, 1912
1635:Ottawa
1522:ranked
1337:, the
1306:, the
1288:Ottawa
909:Prince
440:Vacant
13612:Texts
13578:Media
12689:Clark
12679:Clark
12669:Starr
12544:Blake
12471:Blair
12461:Gould
12451:Lebel
12426:Chong
12406:MassΓ©
12401:Blais
12396:Clark
12366:Baker
12356:Sharp
12219:Colby
12189:Blake
12159:Kenny
12149:Blair
12072:Tassi
12056:Hajdu
12030:Raitt
11889:Young
11856:Danis
11826:Regan
11805:Munro
11790:PΓ©pin
11775:Starr
11770:Gregg
11729:Jones
11580:Baird
11504:Clark
11458:Sharp
11448:Green
11437:Smith
11382:Roche
10766:Copps
10680:Blake
10670:Brown
10634:Yukon
10430:Clark
9786:1926
9239:1939.
9105:S2CID
8922:S2CID
8914:JSTOR
8837:(PDF)
8766:(PDF)
7970:JSTOR
7787:(PDF)
7770:(PDF)
7683:JSTOR
7232:, by
7037:S2CID
6418:JSTOR
5965:S2CID
5916:S2CID
5588:β495.
5558:S2CID
5049:S2CID
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