595:
693:
642:
677:, it was clear that the President could no longer hope to find a sufficient strength amongst his adherents to maintain himself in power. On August 29, 1891, Balmaceda officially handed power to General Baquedano, who attempted to keep order in Santiago until the arrival of the congressional leaders on the 30th. He then handed power to Navy captain
609:
Baquedano's military strategy in this war consisted mainly in frontal attack to break the often over-extended enemy lines. Although he had little training in strategy, he is remembered as a general who personally directed battles resulting in decisive victories. He was a strict disciplinarian: he had
432:, in order to be closer to his estate. In August of that year he was appointed commander of the town militia No. 3 in Arauco. Between 1855 and 1869 he dedicated himself to transforming his land into a productive agricultural property, and within five years this had already made him a small fortune.
55:
661:
for another two terms, between 1888 and 1894. From these positions he participated in the reorganization of the Army and was a member of the standing Army and Navy commission, active in establishing the
General Staff and the military academy. In April 1889, President
444:
that occurred in
Concepción. For his services he was promoted to regular sergeant major. Seven years later, in October 1866, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and served in this post in Los Angeles, combining this with his agricultural work.
476:
cavalry regiment - the same position that his father had held - and transferred to
Santiago. He rose to the rank of colonel in July 1870, to full colonel in April 1872, and to brigadier-general in June 1876. During that decade the government of
496:"An Army, like ours, shaped by self-denial, patriotism, and great civic virtues could not be defeated; it is an army of citizens transformed into lions consorting with victory. If we have won, we owe it to our soldiers and to our citizens."
1326:
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398:, on 8 December 1851. There, he faced his father and his brother Eleuterio Baquedano. After the battle he requested permission to visit his father, head of the opposing army's General Staff, wounded in the battle.
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649:
Baquedano retired from military life in May 1881. He was twice offered a presidential candidacy, but on both occasions the campaign did not prosper. By means of a law passed in August 1881, the government of
586:
decided to bring home most of the Army, due to the high cost of maintaining troops. He arrived at
Valparaiso in March 1881 and was received by a large crowd; the celebration was repeated in Santiago.
359:
Manuel
Baquedano returned to Chile and completed his military training. He was promoted to regular Lieutenant on January 23, 1845, served as Adjutant in the Grenadiers, and was promoted to full
413:
over a confused barracks mutiny incident in which his real involvement was never clarified. Baquedano then resigned from active service, and with his savings acquired the small
1346:
824:
1001:
563:, Sotomayor appointed Baquedano as Commander-in-Chief, in the expectation that Baquedano's abilities as commander would enable him to restore good order and
633:, also pointed out his tactical weaknesses, but acknowledged that the victory at Miraflores was due in part to the successful envelopment that he ordered.
666:
sent him on a mission to Europe, from which he returned in
November 1890. On his return he was again offered a presidential candidacy, but again refused.
629:, while recognizing Baquedano's courage, described him as having a "poverty of ideas" and a poor command of tactics. Baquedano's main political rival,
610:
a soldier shot for cowardice at the Battle of
Chorrillos. Of a stubborn and obstinate nature, he tolerated no argument once he had taken a decision.
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375:
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appointed him acting inspector-general of the
National Guard, and in 1875 commanding general at Santiago. His military services in
370:, Manuel Baquedano played a decisive role in the confrontation with the troops that rebelled, on 20 April, against the election of
865:
540:
472:, from January to May 1869. Resulting from his service there, in September of that year he was entrusted with the command of the
1167:
1106:
1038:
787:
524:
broke out in April 1879, Baquedano was general in command of the cavalry. In
November 1879 he disembarked his troops in
828:
673:, Baquedano did not side with either political party. But, after Balmaceda's forces were overcome and destroyed at the
1301:
1005:
957:
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The military reputation of
Baquedano was enhanced by his outstanding direction and participation in the battles of
658:
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and his personality earned him a reputation in the liberal governments and among the people of the city.
578:, in January 1881. There, thanks to the efforts of the men under his command, the Peruvian capital was
347:
broke out. He fled his home in July 1838 to join the troops leaving for the War. He participated in the
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There was an equestrian statue of Baquedano by the Edificio Telefónica in Av Providencia at Santiago.
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300:
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619:
newspaper, an enraged Baquedano had the reporter arrested and held incommunicado aboard the warship
440:
Baquedano returned to military life in June 1859, when the government called him up to suppress the
424:
The government did not accept his resignation and appointed him adjutant to the military command in
1061:
779:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the Western Hemisphere, 1492 to the Present
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has been removed in order to be restored after several acts of violence and defacement against it.
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and of Teresa González de Labra y Ros. He studied at the school of clergyman Juan Romo and at the
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granted him lifelong honors, pay and allowances at the level of an active commander in chief.
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in March 1855. Following an appeal, in April he was transferred to the equivalent position at
409:
At the beginning of 1854, Baquedano lost his commission as military commandant of the city of
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559:. After the resignation of General Escala over a dispute with Rafael Sotomayor Baeza, the
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He was elected as a senator for Santiago for two terms, between 1882 and 1888, and by
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Manuel Montt promoted him sergeant-major of the government bodyguard in January 1852.
315:. He was instrumental in reorganizing the Army and establishing the Military Academy.
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in less than a month. Baquedano returned to Chile when the government of President
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1185:
Historia de Chile. Triunfo y decadencia de la oligarquía. (1891-1920). Vol. 2
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529:
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At the end of 1868, the Army again called on his services in relation to the
429:
391:
382:. The revolution was followed in September by an armed revolt in the navy at
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340:
803:
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After the Battle of Tacna, when his tactics were publicly criticised in the
425:
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371:
261:
20:
1327:
Senators of the XXIII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile
464:, commander of the frontier forces, he took part in numerous conflicts in
1322:
Senators of the XXII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile
1239:
678:
101:
1317:
Senators of the XXI Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile
684:
He died at his home in Santiago on 30 September 1897, at the age of 74.
453:
1312:
Senators of the XX Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile
692:
351:
in 1839, being promoted on the field to Lieutenant at the age of 16.
54:
1002:"Tradición e historia - Asalto y toma de Pisagua (2 November 1879)"
641:
521:
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457:
284:
24:
260:
soldier and politician, who served as Commander-in-chief of the
564:
378:
who was supported by young liberals, among whom was his friend
343:. Baquedano was only 15 years old and still at school when the
1155:
410:
280:
257:
860:
982:
Márquez Allison, Antonio (2000). "La Guerra del Pacifíco".
517:
335:
of Chile. During this time he became lifelong friends with
1070:. Santiago: Sociedad Editorial Santiago Ltda. p. 84.
981:
711:
There are several places in Chile named for Baquedano:
681:
on the 31st, and retired permanently to private life.
374:
as president. These rebels were commanded by Colonel
1347:
Chilean military personnel of the War of the Pacific
1183:
Vial Correa, Gonzalo. "Capítulo I - El interregno".
1156:Simon Collier; William F. Sater (18 October 2004).
1094:
1283:
1182:
1149:
1064:, and Leopoldo Castedo (1999). "Capítulo VIII".
452:, to counter the indigenous rebellion headed by
303:, and the War of the Pacific. He also served as
890:
31: and the second or maternal family name is
1098:International Encyclopedia of Military History
256:; January 1, 1823 – September 30, 1897) was a
1162:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 145–.
1033:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 987–.
866:"Héroes - G. D. D. Manuel Baquedano González"
528:under orders from infantry commander General
1088:
1080:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
775:
771:
769:
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763:
1126:Chilenos del bicentenario: Manuel Baquedano
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532:. This manoeuvre is regarded as the first
394:and fought in the government forces in the
1020:
503:General Manuel Baquedano's victory speech,
435:
390:. Baquedano was named adjutant to General
79:August 29, 1891 – August 31, 1891
53:
1131:
827:. historiapolitica.bcn.cl. Archived from
821:Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile
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251:
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1052:
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691:
640:
593:
1352:People of the Chilean Civil War of 1891
404:
1284:
950:
417:hacienda at La Laja, near the city of
1342:People of the Occupation of Araucanía
1095:James C. Bradford (1 December 2004).
1047:
1030:Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: P-Z
930:
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856:
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815:
813:
488:
460:chiefs. Under the orders of general
645:Manuel Baquedano on horseback (1891)
1141:. www.geocities.com. Archived from
986:. Santiago: Editorial Ercilla Ltda.
13:
1115:
975:
909:
843:
810:
804:GENEALOGIA DE LA FAMILIA BAQUEDANO
354:
14:
1363:
1332:Candidates for President of Chile
1195:
1139:"Biografía del general Baquedano"
895:. Vol. 1. Editorial Océano.
884:
868:. www.ejercito.cl. Archived from
825:"Manuel Jesús Baquedano González"
746:On March 12, 2021, the statue in
735:have borne his name: the frigate
1307:Chilean people of Basque descent
539:He took part in the first three
492:
1202:Official Chilean Army Biography
1176:
1067:Resumen de la Historia de Chile
1004:. www.armada.cl. Archived from
287:) descent. He took part in the
245:Manuel Jesús Baquedano González
1027:Tony Jaques (1 January 2007).
990:
796:
589:
16:Chilean soldier and politician
1:
1262:Field Army Commander-in-chief
1159:A History of Chile, 1808-2002
963:. www.icarito.cl. 31 May 2010
753:
636:
327:, the son of cavalry colonel
323:Manuel Baquedano was born in
318:
1101:. Routledge. pp. 816–.
687:
23:, the first or paternal
7:
984:Historia de Chile ilustrada
782:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 885–.
536:disembarkation in history.
10:
1368:
479:Federico Errázuriz Zañartu
253:[maˈnwelβakeˈðano]
169:Battle of Portada de Guías
18:
1302:Politicians from Santiago
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1259:
1251:
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1225:
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1062:Encina, Francisco Antonio
823:(Congressional Library).
737:General Baquedano (PF-09)
696:Monument to Baquedano in
616:El Mercurio de Valparaíso
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938:. www.profesorenlinea.cl
891:Gispert, Carlos (2000).
386:by troops controlled by
345:War of the Confederation
289:War of the Confederation
279:Manuel Baquedano was of
164:War of the Confederation
713:Baquedano metro station
450:Occupation of Araucanía
436:Return to military life
301:Occupation of Araucanía
249:Latin American Spanish:
198:Occupation of Araucanía
705:
671:1891 Chilean Civil War
646:
631:José Francisco Vergara
606:
1337:Chilean Army generals
1221:José Manuel Balmaceda
893:Enciclopedia de Chile
872:on September 28, 2007
776:David Marley (2008).
695:
675:battle of La Placilla
664:José Manuel Balmaceda
644:
597:
557:Battle of Los Ángeles
388:José María de la Cruz
291:, the revolutions of
90:José Manuel Balmaceda
1122:Vial Correa, Gonzalo
723:in Iquique; and the
405:Temporary retirement
396:battle of Loncomilla
228:Battle of Miraflores
223:Battle of Chorrillos
186:Battle of Loncomilla
1228:Chief of Government
731:. Two ships of the
652:Domingo Santa María
474:Cazadores a Caballo
67:Chief of Government
1213:Political offices
1145:on April 17, 2001.
958:"Manuel Baquedano"
936:"Manuel Baquedano"
706:
647:
607:
603:Pedro Subercaseaux
567:among the troops.
555:, and planned the
514:War of the Pacific
489:War of the Pacific
368:Revolution of 1851
337:Federico Errázuriz
333:Instituto Nacional
329:Fernando Baquedano
270:President of Chile
266:War of the Pacific
203:War of the Pacific
193:Revolution of 1859
181:Revolution of 1851
139:September 30, 1897
43:Divisional General
1280:
1279:
1274:Cornelio Saavedra
1271:Succeeded by
1247:Military offices
1237:Succeeded by
1187:. pp. 28–80.
1169:978-0-521-53484-0
1108:978-1-135-95034-7
1040:978-0-313-33539-6
1008:on April 23, 2009
862:Ejército de Chile
789:978-1-59884-100-8
739:and the corvette
727:range in Chilean
510:
509:
462:Jose Manuel Pinto
363:in January 1850.
274:civil war of 1891
268:, and briefly as
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208:Battle of Pisagua
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729:Tierra del Fuego
725:Cordón Baquedano
721:Baquedano Street
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625:. The historian
599:Manuel Baquedano
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