33:
896:: "1974 – Across the Berlin Wall. Women in Two Different Systems", Berlin (West) 1974. Manuskript für Vortrag und Publikation in USA. Auszugsweise auf deutsch im Buchkapitel: 1974 – Ein Blick über die Mauer. Maria Rentmeister im Gespräch, in: Perincioli, Cristina: 1968 – Die bessere Hälfte. Aufbruch der Frauen in Berlin 1968-1974, Berlin (Querverlag) 2015. Auszug der Originalversion auf Englisch/excerpt from the original English version:
625:. Most of the members of the postwar Party Executive went on to become Central Committee members following the launch of the German Democratic Rerpublic, but Maria Rentmeister did not. At a meeting of the Party Executive in Autumn 1948 it fell to Rentmeister to deliver an unwelcome message to party comrades, including the future leadership of the German Democratic Republic. Among the workers in the country, a mood of desolation prevailed (
422:, who took on a position of responsibility for political "education" within the exiled party leadership. Maria Rentmeister and Wilhelm Beuttel teamed up and became partners. One source indicates that the two political exiles married at some stage, but most infer, that Beuttel and Rentmeister still had not taken this step when, in July 1944, Beuttel was executed at
1123:
1128:
Die
Sammlung enthält rund 2.000 Lebenserinnerungen und Erinnerungen v. a. an Persönlichkeiten und Ereignisse der deutschen und internationalen Arbeiterbewegung, zum antifaschistischen Widerstand, zur deutschen Emigration vor und während des Zweiten Weltkrieges und zur Entwicklung in der SBZ und DDR.
213:
Since the 2020s, Maria
Rentmeister's life, work and achievements have been researched in more depth in contemporary German historiography of the post-war period and highlighted in a number of publications. For this purpose, her extensive legacy in the German Federal Archives in Berlin was also used,
243:
region, the eldest of her parents' six children. Her father was master tailor, independent entrepreneur, Chairman of the
Tailors' Guild and Conservative city councillor in Sterkrade. In political terms it was Katharina Rentmeister (1881-1952), the mother of the six Rentmeister children, who was
907:
Beatrice
Vierneisel: „Zum Beispiel Maria R.“ im Aufsatz: „Das Erinnerungsarchiv. Lebenszeugnisse als Quellengruppe im Institut für Marxismus-Leninismus beim ZK der SED“, in: Martin Sabrow (Hg.): Verwaltete Vergangenheit. Geschichtskultur und Herrschaftslegitimation in der DDR. Leipzig 1997
748:. Both spent time in prison and / or camps because of their resistance activities. Both nevertheless survived Nazi imprisonment. Aside from this, details, including the dates of the marriages, are not disclosed in sources. Maria Rentmeister also had a daughter.
586:, less than 100 km to the northeast, where during the Summer of 1945 she worked for the party on culture related matters. From 1945 till its dissolution in November 1947 she also served as chair of the Berlin party Women's Committee. A new political party
838:
Grit Bühler: Eigenmächtig, frauenbewegt, ausgebremst. Der
Demokratische Frauenbund Deutschlands und seine Gründerinnen (1945–1949). Frankfurt am Main/New York (Campus) 2022 (Dissertation, Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Christiane Kuller, Prof. Dr. Cäcilia "Cillie"
256:
Nor did Red Kate miss an opportunity to share her political passions with her husband simply because he was away at the front. She used to send him stock market reports and financial statements in respect of the large industrial firms in the
848:
Grit BĂĽhler: (Die) MĂĽtter der
Gleichberechtigung in der DDR. Die frauenbewegte Gründerinnenzeit des Demokratischen Frauenbundes Deutschlands (DFD) 1945 – 1949, in: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung/bpb, Deutschland Archiv, 7.11.2023,
876:(Nichte von Maria Rentmeister), das Kapitel auf ihrer Website: „Maria Rentmeister: Widerstandskämpferin gegen den Nationalsozialismus, Frauen- und Kulturpolitikerin - Vom Katholizismus zum Sozialismus, vom Rheinland in die DDR.“
252:
she opposed it, a political standpoint which the political left in
Germany shared with increasing passion as the war inflicted ever more carnage on the fighting men and ever greater destitution on those they had left at home.
308:). Elsewhere there are indications that her employment as a young woman may have been more clerical or secretarial than manual. Sources differ as to whether it was in 1930 or 1932 that Maria Rentmeister joined the
861:
Kurzbiografie von/short biography of Maria
Rentmeister, online bei der bpb (Autorin: Grit Bühler): "Aus den Lebensläufen der frühen Akteurinnen im Demokratischen Frauenbund Deutschlands", 07.11.2023
442:) on the "Westdeutsche Kampfblätter" (resistance newspaper), produced for (illegal) distribution among comrades living "underground" (unregistered at their town halls), across the frontier in
675:
which, under the centralised
Leninist government model being adopted, was designed to broaden the popular legitimacy of the overall political structure. Alongside the officially designated
587:
378:
had been arrested (or worse), or else had fled abroad. Two cities, in particular, were rapidly becoming the de facto head quarter locations for the German
Communist Party in exile:
32:
698:. Here, till 1954, she was in charge of developing East German cultural relations with foreign countries. Between 1951 and 1954 she also took on the deputy chairmanship at the
862:
648:, mandated to draw up a new constitution (based on a document that had already been provided to it). She was also one of those selected, the next year, for membership of the
1432:
721:
633:). It was not something that those present were equipped to address effectively, but report of that speech does provide an early glimpse of the slow-burn build-up to the
1462:
438:
where the focus of her party work was on political "education". At the same time she worked with others for the German Communist Party leadership's "western division" (
1502:
1457:
1437:
513:
guarantee of Dutch neutrality in November 1939 encouraged the already widespread belief that in this respect history might be about to repeat itself. However, the
390:
that Maria Rentmeister fled during the Autumn/Fall of 1934. There she worked during 1934/35 for the ambitiously named "World Committee against War and Fascism" (
975:
1427:
394:). This also involved taking over administrative responsibility for the World Committee's newspaper, "Weltfront" which was produced under the editorship of
699:
280:
Käthe Rentmeister's six children could not avoid the effects growing up in an atmosphere of heightened political awareness. Maria's younger brother
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555:, formally, in May 1945 and Maria Rentmeister was released. Her prison and her home region were now under military administration as part of the
1447:
1452:
525:
1442:
671:, serving as a member of its national executive. Between 1947 and 1949 she also served as its general secretary. The DFD was one of five
962:: "Katharina Rentmeister, die "Rote Käthe", 9.6.1881 Neuwied am Rhein – 2.11.1952 Berlin (The author is a niece of Maria Rentmeister.)
718:
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374:. In the Saarland she established a reputation with party comrades as a trainer and administrator. By 1935 the leadership of the
203:
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114:
1161:
724:. She also involved herself with the Commission for the History of the Local Labour Movement which had been established by the
1497:
1375:
1314:
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660:. At that point she did not remain as a Volkskammer member. Rentmeister's political career was very far from over, however.
470:
1492:
963:
877:
466:
402:. More immediately, it was through Norden that Maria Rentmeister become involved with the party's "Weltfrauenkomitee" (
270:
703:
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by the party. From Amsterdam Rentmeister now took on responsibility for co-ordinating "Communist women's resistance" (
568:
293:
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582:, where work was starting on rebuilding the destroyed town, between May and July 1945. She was soon able to move to
292:
After successful conclusion of her school career, Maria Rentmeister underwent a commercial training. She joined the
1477:
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634:
610:
595:
128:
465:). Her work, as before, involved political "education". One source also mentions collaboration with exiled German
304:
where, according to at least one widely requoted source, she remained for three years and worked as a "labourer" (
1467:
1417:
1066:
Konkurrenz von Beginn an: Die WiedergrĂĽndung von SPD und KPD in Dessau. See also footnote 199 lower on the page
897:
469:
activists, although this would at this time still have run counter to the policy of the powerfully influential
178:(27 January 1905 – 10 May 1996) was a German Women's and cultural policy maker - who became an anti-government
362:. Maria Rentmeister pursued her now illegal political activism for the Communist Party, but she did so in the
244:
probably the more important influence. She is also identified in sources by her soubriquet, "die rote Käthe" (
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552:
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371:
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179:
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on 10 May 1940 and very quickly took the country over. Maria Rentmeister was caught and arrested by the
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591:
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559:. Maria, along with most of her relatives, relocated to the large central portion of Germany which was
399:
375:
355:
309:
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124:
517:
1397:
1347:
1248:
1096:
1018:
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Maria Rentmeister was married firstly to the Oberhausen communist Wilhelm Bettinger and secondly to
702:. Between 1954 and 1958 Rentmeister was the acting head of the National Arts Department within the
672:
301:
617:
which emerged, formally, in July 1950. She also served, between 1946 and 1948, as a member of the
851:
https://www.bpb.de/themen/deutschlandarchiv/542468/die-muetter-der-gleichberechtigung-in-der-ddr/
556:
316:. By the end of 1932 was heading up the women's section in the party's district leadership team (
590:
as a result of which Rentmeister was one of many thousand committed communists who signed their
652:
which replaced the first in May 1949 and went on to constitute itself, in October 1949, as the
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350:. That made political activism on behalf of non-Nazi political parties illegal, and after the
1216:
1064:
694:
In 1949 Rentmeister took charge at the national Department for Cultural Enlightenment at the
676:
574:. Communist Party membership was no longer illegal, and she took a lead in re-establishing a
1487:
1482:
1302:
347:
1168:. Karl Dietz Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
8:
889:
820:. Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin & Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur, Berlin
281:
261:
regions. "That way you know what it is you are really fighting for: the 'Fatherland' is
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1324:
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1267:
1236:
1084:
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61:
1371:
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1037:
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145:
878:
https://www.cillie-rentmeister.de/themen/maria-rentmeister-vom-rheinland-in-die-ddr/
714:. In 1960, officially on health grounds, she retired from her professional career.
711:
1019:"Katharina Rentmeister, die "Rote Käthe" 9.6.1881 Neuwied a.R. – 2.11.1952 Berlin"
745:
506:
419:
344:
340:
336:
313:
249:
183:
156:
1303:
Peter Erler (chapter author); Manfred Wilke (editor-compiler) (1 January 1998).
1193:
629:). More alarmingly still, the workers displayed strongly anti-Soviet attitudes (
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351:
57:
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1153:
707:
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65:
706:. Between 1958 and 1960 she headed up the press and publicity activities of
602:, which over the next few years would go on to become the ruling party in a
202:) where she became the first General Secretary of the politically important
510:
485:, however. In or before early 1938 Maria Rentmeister was also sent back to
443:
228:
199:
187:
49:
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who many years later would become an influential senior journalist in the
909:
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convicted her on the usual charge of "preparing to commit high treason" (
502:
458:
435:
908:(Geschichtswissenschaft und Geschichtskultur im 20. Jahrhundert, Bd. 1)
481:
at the same time as Rentmeister. At the end of 1937 he was sent back to
814:"Rentmeister, Maria * 27.1.1905, †10.5.1996 Generalsekretärin des DFD"
461:
where she worked for the German Party leadership's "southern division"(
451:
333:
321:
284:
also left a significant footprint on history as an anti-Nazi activist.
267:"Damit du weißt wofür du fällst ... das Vaterland ist die Firma Krupp""
232:
53:
744:(1902-1981). Both were actively engaged in anti-Nazi resistance after
514:
486:
482:
447:
240:
478:
644:, on 17/18 March 1948, she was elected for membership of the first
873:
679:, the mass organisations received from the ruling party their own
985:. Frauen helfen Frauen Oberhausen e. V. p. 5. Archived from
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359:
940:. FUNKE MEDIEN NRW GmbH (Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung), Essen
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while her children were small, but in 1929 she would join the
1124:"Rentmeister-Rettmann, Maria (27. Jan. 1905 - 10. Mai 1996)*"
415:
387:
379:
262:
16:
German political activist, Women's and cultural policy maker
446:. There are also references to her having been involved in
354:
it became obvious that political activism on behalf of the
258:
236:
663:
In 1947 Maria Renrtmeister was one of the founders of the
627:"... eine desolate Stimmung unter den Arbeitern" herrschte
1129:
Weitere Erinnerungen befinden sich in Nachlässen. 2071 AE
934:"Für Brecht hatte Maria Rentmeister Haare auf den Zähnen"
1023:
Zwei sozialistische Frauengenerationen von 1914 bis 1989
588:
was formed under contentious circumstances in April 1946
434:
In 1936 Maria Rentmeister transferred from Paris to the
1152:
452:"Red Aid" international workers' welfare organisation
609:
She served between 1946 and 1950 as a member of the
370:
would not come under full German control till early
1433:
Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany) politicians
1463:Recipients of the Patriotic Order of Merit in gold
613:, generally seen as the precursor to the powerful
429:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
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874:https://en.wikipedia.org/C%C3%A4cilia_Rentmeister
567:, and would be relaunched in October 1949 as the
477:. Wilhelm Beuttel was smuggled from Amsterdam to
358:was viewed with particularly savage disfavour by
1503:People convicted of treason against Nazi Germany
1409:
931:
1438:Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime members
1191:
1069:. Vol. 2. LIT Verlag MĂĽnster. p. 70.
1062:
1017:(The author is a niece of Maria Rentmeister.).
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1196:. Dictionnaire historique de la Suisse, Berne
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717:After 1960 she worked as a volunteer for the
505:had avoided full military involvement in the
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1458:Democratic Women's League of Germany members
1428:Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
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598:"Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands"
526:de:Oberlandesgericht Hammregional high court
324:, and was also a Communist town councillor.
1288:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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1162:"Beuttel, Wilhelm * 10.8.1900, †27.7.1944"
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700:National Commission for Cultural Artifacts
631:"... starke antisowjetische Einstellungen"
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572:German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
400:German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
269:). Käthe Rentmeister was a member of the
190:abroad or, later, in state detention. In
1370:. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 240–241.
1208:
761:
392:"Weltkomitee gegen Krieg und Faschismus"
206:"Demokratischer Frauenbund Deutschlands"
186:. She spent much of the time during the
169:Katharina Rentmeister ("Die rote Käthe")
914:
536:). She was imprisoned till 1945 in the
1423:Communist Party of Germany politicians
1410:
938:Widerstandskämpferinnen aus Oberhausen
910:http://www.beatricevierneisel.de/namen
667:Demokratischer Frauenbund Deutschlands
621:"Berliner Stadtverordnetenversammlung"
312:, but she was clearly a member before
300:in 1927. In 1929 she emigrated to the
235:) in Germany's heavily industrialised
1448:Emigrants from Nazi Germany to France
1261:
214:as well as radio and film documents.
194:she relocated to what now became the
339:in January 1933 and lost no time in
1453:Communists in the German Resistance
1192:Hermann Wichers (15 October 2002).
418:during the Autumn/Fall of 1935 was
13:
1443:Political office-holders in Berlin
1309:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 238.
1166:Handbuch der Deutschen Kommunisten
932:Barbara Hoynacki (21 March 2016).
606:of German one-party dictatorship.
491:"kommunistischen Frauenwiderstand"
409:
248:). Right from the outbreak of the
14:
1514:
1264:"Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression"
547:
296:"Sozialistische Arbeiter-Jugend"
430:Party work from outside Germany
368:reasons of history and politics
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866:
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722:Institute for Marxism-Leninism
594:memberships across to the new
457:In 1937 the party sent her to
406:), for which she also worked.
227:Maria Rentmeister was born in
1:
1367:Die Arbeit der GIS in der SBZ
1266:. Vol. I. Archived from
1015:Prof. Dr. Cäcilia Rentmeister
960:Prof. Dr. Cäcilia Rentmeister
872:Cäcilia „Cillie“ Rentmeister
754:
696:Ministry for Public Education
534:"Vorbereitung zum Hochverrat"
524:soon afterwards. In 1941 the
327:
1498:German women trade unionists
983:Veränderung ist Frauensache!
440:"KPD-Abschnittsleitung West"
7:
965:access date: Jan.20th, 2024
735:
730:"SED-Bezirksleitung Berlin"
665:Democratic Women's League (
463:"KPD-Abschnittsleitung SĂĽd"
287:
204:Democratic Women's League (
10:
1519:
976:"Widerstand in Oberhausen"
223:Provenance and early years
1493:20th-century German women
719:Party Central Committee's
710:, the country's monopoly
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404:"World Women's Committee"
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113:General Secretary of the
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1262:TC-32 (6 October 1939).
1221:. C.H.Beck. p. 26.
1063:Andreas Schmidt (2004).
654:East German parliament (
642:Second People's Congress
619:Berlin City Parliament (
1478:People from East Berlin
1364:Michael Kubina (2001).
1131:. Bundesarchiv, Koblenz
892:; Rentmeister, Cäcilia
818:Wer war wer in der DDR?
650:second People's Council
646:German People's Council
615:Party Central Committee
596:Socialist Unity Party (
557:British occupation zone
518:invaded the Netherlands
471:Soviet Party Leadership
271:Social Democratic Party
217:
1468:People from Oberhausen
1418:German trade unionists
565:Soviet occupation zone
540:prison on the edge of
493:) in western Germany.
376:German Communist Party
196:Soviet occupation zone
888:Perincioli, Cristina
685:national parliament (
681:fixed quotas of seats
318:"Unterbezirksleitung"
111:Senior Party official
1270:on 27 September 2013
1215:Ursula Adam (1998).
704:Ministry for Culture
198:(after October 1949
142:1. Wilhelm Bettinger
992:on 26 February 2012
894:Cäcilia Rentmeister
890:Cristina Perincioli
511:Chancellor Hitler's
360:government agencies
343:the country into a
180:resistance activist
37:Rentmeister in 1946
1335:has generic name (
1194:"Beuttel, Wilhelm"
1048:has generic name (
810:Bernd-Rainer Barth
673:mass organisations
561:being administered
294:Young Socialists (
1377:978-3-8258-5361-7
1316:978-3-05-004811-6
1228:978-3-406-43861-5
1076:978-3-8258-7066-9
728:leadership team (
364:Saarland (region)
188:twelve Nazi years
176:Maria Rentmeister
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167:_____ Rentmeister
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