827:
787:
163:
Saskatchewan: 18, or 16 with a "Consent to
Marriage of a Minor" form signed and completed by the parent(s) or guardian(s) in the presence of a Saskatchewan marriage licence issuer, clergy or any person authorized to take affidavits. "If the parent(s) or guardian(s) refuse to consent to the marriage,
48:
or religious. Marriages may be performed by members of the clergy, marriage commissioners, judges, justices of the peace or clerks of the court, depending on the laws of each province and territory regulating marriage solemnization. In 2001, the majority of
Canadian marriages (76.4%) were religious,
1979:
Winston
Blackmore and James Oler were found guilty of having multiple wives in B.C. Supreme Court last July. They returned to court to argue their convictions were null because the law itself was unconstitutional under the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. On Friday, B.C. Supreme Court Justice Sheri
1218:
The minimum age of 16 for marriage, below which no marriage can be contracted, is currently contained in federal legislation that applies in the
Province of Quebec only. For the other provinces and territories, the minimum age is not currently provided for in federal legislation and there is some
147:
These provisions were enacted in 2015. Before 2015, it was possible for children less than 16 years old to get married in some jurisdictions of Canada, with parental consent or a court order. (The legal marriage age with parental consent was possibly as low as 7 in some
Canadian jurisdictions.)
32:
The marriage rate in Canada has been declining over the years. In 2001, there were 146,618 marriages in Canada, down 6.8% from 157,395 in 2000, but by 2020, there were only 98,355 marriages registered in Canada, which was the lowest total since 1938.
126:
is set by province/territory at 18 or 19, so minors under this age have additional restrictions (i.e. parental and court consent). Section 293.2 of the
Criminal Code also addresses marriages of individuals under the age of 16, reading:
164:
the minor can apply to a judge of either the provincial or Queen's Bench court for an order dispensing with their consent. The minor may obtain the judge's order by applying to a court house in
Saskatchewan."
2284:
2254:
2159:
2279:
1327:
2209:
2259:
1178:
1054:"Legislative Summary of Bill S-7: An Act to amend the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act, the Civil Marriage Act and the Criminal Code and to make consequential amendments to other Acts"
2099:
2149:
1375:
55:
has been legal in Canada nationally since 2005. Court decisions, starting in 2003, had already legalized same-sex marriage in eight out of ten provinces and one of three territories.
2164:
2059:
2249:
2214:
723:
one party has treated the other party "with physical or mental cruelty of such a kind as to render intolerable the continued cohabitation of the spouses" (s.8(2)(b)(ii) of the
2269:
1202:
2264:
887:
On March 9, 2018, the
Supreme Court of British Columbia reaffirmed the constitutionality of Canada's anti-polygamy laws, upholding the July 2017 polygamy convictions of
2274:
2244:
2154:
2104:
2064:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2084:
1100:"Zero Tolerance for Barbaric Cultural Practices Act: Order Fixing the Day on which this Order is registered as the Day on which Part 3 of the Act Comes into Force"
2219:
1980:
Ann
Donegan rejected the argument, stating that Blackmore and Oler considered their lifestyles above the law when they continued to marry women in Bountiful, B.C.
2224:
2139:
2114:
2189:
2124:
2094:
2069:
2204:
2199:
2129:
2109:
2144:
2134:
2074:
29:. However, section 92(12) of the Constitution Act, 1867 gives the provincial legislatures the power to pass laws regulating the solemnization of marriage.
2194:
2119:
1842:
1303:
872:
were charged with polygamy; their prosecutions were the first such cases in Canada in over sixty-five years. In 2007, an independent prosecutor in
91:
No person shall marry another person if they are related lineally, or as brother or sister or half-brother or half-sister, including by adoption.
1963:
1917:
1255:
1125:
2038:
2008:
Two former religious leaders in B.C. have been found guilty of polygamy after marrying more than two dozen women over the course of 25 years.
1219:
debate about the minimum age in common law, with some establishing the age at 12 for girls and 14 for boys, and others at age seven for all.
1759:
1711:
1695:
1679:
1727:
1053:
1775:
1631:
1743:
1663:
1450:
1647:
1615:
1206:
129:
Everyone who celebrates, aids or participates in a marriage rite or ceremony knowing that one of the persons being married is
1074:
1950:
1779:
1763:
1747:
1731:
1715:
1699:
1683:
1667:
1651:
1635:
1619:
1549:
1179:"Conservatives propose increasing legal marriage age to 16, say it will keep 'barbaric cultural practices' out of Canada"
1153:
2031:
1944:
877:
818:, shows the amount of marriages from 1955 to 2004 that ultimately ended in divorce. The data was collected in 2004.
709:
the marriage has irretrievably broken down, and the two parties have been living apart for a year (s.8(2)(a) of the
1576:
1203:"Backgrounder: Comparative overview of proposed changes in the Zero Tolerance for Barbaric Cultural Practices Act"
1140:
The legislation, bill S-7, originated in the Senate and would make it illegal for anyone under 16 to get married.
110:
stipulates, "Marriage requires the free and enlightened consent of two persons to be the spouse of each other."
1602:
1992:
100:
Both parties must freely consent. Forcing somebody to get married is a criminal offence under s. 293.1 of the
2169:
1099:
2024:
2305:
1400:
876:
recommended that
Canadian courts be asked to rule on the constitutionality of laws against polygamy. The
52:
1868:
962:
855:
1828:
944:
839:
799:
23:
has exclusive legislative authority over marriage and divorce in Canada under section 91(26) of the
1793:
1231:
1893:
133:
is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years.
101:
25:
1016:
1815:
1002:
983:
904:
694:
34:
8:
881:
122:
at 16. Provinces and territories may set a minimum age higher than that. In Canada the
106:
1797:
1580:
1498:
970:
948:
888:
865:
815:
775:
185:
Newfoundland and Labrador: 19, or younger wherein "special consents may be required."
176:
New Brunswick: 18, or 16 with an affidavit of consent signed by parents or guardians.
1425:
2089:
1801:
1474:
1279:
873:
119:
835:
795:
778:, shows the amount of divorces per 100,000 residents of Canada from 1950 to 2008.
1594:
1078:
123:
88:
are not prohibited from marrying each other by reason only of their relationship.
81:
45:
1351:
2299:
1525:
77:
2016:
1806:
1075:"Zero Tolerance for Barbaric Cultural Practices Act receives Royal Assent"
1993:"Winston Blackmore and James Oler found guilty of polygamy by B.C. judge"
182:
Prince Edward Island: 18, or 16 with a consent form signed by parent(s).
1051:
892:
869:
834:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
794:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
188:
Yukon: 19, or younger with consent of parent(s) or legal guardian(s).
1126:"'Barbaric cultural practices' bill debate limited by Conservatives"
1964:"Judge tosses convicted B.C. polygamists' constitutional challenge"
1872:
1571:
1569:
861:
160:
Alberta: 18, or 16 with consent of all parents and legal guardians.
85:
170:
Ontario: 18, or 16 with written consent from both sets of parents.
1205:(Press release). Government of Canada. 2014-11-05. Archived from
1077:(Press release). Government of Canada. 2015-06-18. Archived from
864:
is a criminal offence, but prosecutions are rare. In March 2014,
702:
72:, Section 2 prevents the following persons from getting married:
1566:
38:
37:
had the highest crude marriage rate (6.5 per 1,000 people) and
20:
1577:"Divorce and suicide rates, per 100,000, Canada, 1950 to 2008"
1328:"Marriage and Common-Law Relationships | Province of Manitoba"
809:
1843:"Bountiful sect members face polygamy, child-related charges"
692:
Termination of marriage in Canada is covered by the federal
191:
Northwest Territories: 19, or younger with parental consent.
1938:
1398:
1036:
1031:
1939:"Reference re: Section 293 of the Criminal Code of Canada"
1052:
Julie BĂ©chard; Sandra Elgersma; Julia Nicol (2015-01-26).
49:
with the remainder (23.6%) being performed by non-clergy.
151:
1332:
Province of Manitoba - Manitoba Vital Statistics Agency
1451:"Are you old enough? - Prince Edward Island Goverment"
716:
one party has committed adultery (s.8(2)(b)(i) of the
1918:"Canada's polygamy laws upheld by B.C. Supreme Court"
173:
Quebec: 18, or 16 with authorization from the courts.
118:
Since 2015, federal law has set the absolute minimum
1012:
1010:
1399:Government of New Brunswick, Canada (2017-10-16).
1154:"A Strange Map of the World's Child-Marriage Laws"
1032:Zero Tolerance for Barbaric Cultural Practices Act
769:
179:Nova Scotia: 19, or 16 with a signed consent form.
157:British Columbia: 19, or 16 with parental consent.
1894:"Canada urged to review legality of polygamy ban"
1791:
1007:
923:Divorce rates are per 100,000 residents in Canada
705:may be granted for one of the following reasons:
2297:
1047:
1045:
998:
996:
994:
1401:"Getting Married - Frequently Asked Questions"
76:Subject to subsection (2), persons related by
2046:
2032:
1728:Variation, rescission or suspension of orders
1042:
756:Variation, rescission or suspension of orders
1860:
1176:
1123:
991:
167:Manitoba: 18, or 16 (with judicial consent).
44:Marriage ceremonies in Canada can be either
1151:
810:Divorce rates in Canada by year of marriage
2039:
2025:
1424:Scotia, Communications Nova (2018-05-01).
1805:
1595:"Divorce Act, RSC 1985, c. 3 (2nd Supp.)"
194:Nunavut: 19, or 16 with parental consent.
95:
880:upheld Canada's polygamy laws in a 2011
58:
1448:
1106:. Vol. 149, no. 3. 2015-07-17
945:"Marriage: "I do"? More like "I don't""
2298:
1449:Toolkit, Web Experience (2016-12-20).
1423:
2020:
152:Minimum age by province and territory
113:
1951:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1891:
1794:"Divorce rates, by year of marriage"
1780:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1764:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1748:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1732:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1716:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1700:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1684:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1668:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1652:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1636:Canadian Legal Information Institute
1620:Canadian Legal Information Institute
820:
780:
1866:
205:Divorce rates in Canada per 100,000
16:Laws surrounding marriage in Canada
13:
14:
2317:
1003:Criminal Code, RSC 1985, c. C-46.
985:Marriage (Prohibited Degrees) Act
878:Supreme Court of British Columbia
731:Key headings of the Divorce Act:
70:Marriage (Prohibited Degrees) Act
2160:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1867:Lak, Daniel (January 21, 2009).
825:
785:
63:
1985:
1956:
1931:
1910:
1885:
1869:"Canada's polygamy legislation"
1835:
1785:
1769:
1753:
1737:
1721:
1705:
1689:
1673:
1657:
1641:
1625:
1609:
1587:
1542:
1518:
1491:
1467:
1442:
1417:
1392:
1368:
1344:
1320:
1304:"Marriage Licences | Marriages"
1296:
1272:
1248:
1224:
1195:
1170:
1145:
1117:
917:
770:Divorce rates in Canada by year
1892:Dowd, Allan (August 1, 2007).
1603:Department of Justice (Canada)
1426:"Apply for a Marriage Licence"
1256:"Formal Marriage Requirements"
1092:
1067:
1024:
977:
955:
937:
1:
1920:. CBC News. November 23, 2011
930:
104:. In addition, s. 2.1 of the
2285:United States Virgin Islands
1554:canadianbirthcertificate.com
7:
1177:Stewart Bell (2014-11-05).
1124:Laura Payton (2015-03-12).
898:
849:
814:This chart, with data from
774:This chart, with data from
10:
2322:
2047:Marriage in North America
1792:Statistics Canada (2018).
1308:Government of Saskatchewan
1152:Olga Khazan (2015-03-09).
853:
198:
2260:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2178:
2052:
856:Polygamy in North America
143:under the age of 16 years
131:under the age of 16 years
2280:Turks and Caicos Islands
1376:"Legal age for marriage"
1280:"Get a marriage licence"
1037:http://canlii.ca/t/52m2q
910:
1807:10.25318/3910002801-eng
1550:"Nunavut Marriage FAQs"
1380:Ministère de la justice
1056:. Library of Parliament
1039:retrieved on 2018-06-24
2210:British Virgin Islands
1823:Cite journal requires
1680:Spousal support orders
747:Spousal support orders
145:may contract marriage.
96:Consent of the spouses
41:had the lowest (3.0).
26:Constitution Act, 1867
2150:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1455:princeedwardisland.ca
1260:bclearningnetwork.com
905:Concubinage in Canada
59:Marriage restrictions
1664:Child support orders
1599:Justice Laws Website
1104:Canada Gazette Extra
973:. November 20, 2003.
951:. December 12, 2022.
744:Child support orders
35:Prince Edward Island
2165:Trinidad and Tobago
2060:Antigua and Barbuda
207:
135:Section 2.2 of the
2306:Marriage in Canada
2100:Dominican Republic
1744:Provisional orders
1018:Civil Marriage Act
759:Provisional orders
203:
137:Civil Marriage Act
114:Age of the spouses
107:Civil Marriage Act
19:The Parliament of
2293:
2292:
2182:other territories
1798:Statistics Canada
1581:Statistics Canada
1530:justice.gov.nt.ca
1475:"Getting Married"
1352:"Getting married"
1035:, SC 2015, c 29,
1020:, SC 2005, c. 33.
988:, SC 1990, c. 46.
971:Statistics Canada
949:Statistics Canada
889:Winston Blackmore
866:Winston Blackmore
847:
846:
816:Statistics Canada
807:
806:
776:Statistics Canada
690:
689:
141:No person who is
53:Same-sex marriage
2313:
2250:Saint Barthélemy
2180:Dependencies and
2053:Sovereign states
2041:
2034:
2027:
2018:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2005:
2004:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1819:
1811:
1809:
1789:
1783:
1773:
1767:
1757:
1751:
1741:
1735:
1725:
1719:
1709:
1703:
1693:
1687:
1677:
1671:
1661:
1655:
1645:
1639:
1629:
1623:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1546:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1503:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1471:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1338:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1049:
1040:
1028:
1022:
1014:
1005:
1000:
989:
981:
975:
974:
959:
953:
952:
941:
924:
921:
874:British Columbia
829:
828:
821:
789:
788:
781:
208:
206:
202:
120:marriageable age
2321:
2320:
2316:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2289:
2183:
2181:
2174:
2048:
2045:
2015:
2014:
2002:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1973:
1971:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1923:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1902:
1900:
1890:
1886:
1877:
1875:
1865:
1861:
1852:
1850:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1790:
1786:
1774:
1770:
1758:
1754:
1742:
1738:
1726:
1722:
1710:
1706:
1694:
1690:
1678:
1674:
1662:
1658:
1646:
1642:
1630:
1626:
1614:
1610:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1575:
1574:
1567:
1558:
1556:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1534:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1510:
1508:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1483:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1459:
1457:
1447:
1443:
1434:
1432:
1422:
1418:
1409:
1407:
1397:
1393:
1384:
1382:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1360:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1345:
1336:
1334:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1310:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1264:
1262:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1240:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1212:
1210:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1187:
1185:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1160:
1150:
1146:
1134:
1132:
1122:
1118:
1109:
1107:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1082:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1059:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1029:
1025:
1015:
1008:
1001:
992:
982:
978:
961:
960:
956:
943:
942:
938:
933:
928:
927:
922:
918:
913:
901:
858:
852:
843:
830:
826:
812:
803:
790:
786:
772:
204:
201:
154:
124:age of majority
116:
98:
66:
61:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2319:
2309:
2308:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2270:Sint Eustatius
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2215:Cayman Islands
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2021:
2013:
2012:
1984:
1955:
1930:
1909:
1884:
1859:
1834:
1825:|journal=
1784:
1768:
1752:
1736:
1720:
1712:Custody orders
1704:
1688:
1672:
1656:
1640:
1624:
1616:Interpretation
1608:
1586:
1565:
1541:
1517:
1499:"MARRIAGE ACT"
1490:
1466:
1441:
1416:
1391:
1367:
1343:
1319:
1295:
1271:
1247:
1232:"Marriage Act"
1223:
1194:
1169:
1144:
1116:
1091:
1066:
1041:
1023:
1006:
990:
976:
954:
935:
934:
932:
929:
926:
925:
915:
914:
912:
909:
908:
907:
900:
897:
882:reference case
854:Main article:
851:
848:
845:
844:
833:
831:
824:
811:
808:
805:
804:
793:
791:
784:
771:
768:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
753:Custody orders
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
735:Interpretation
729:
728:
721:
714:
688:
687:
684:
680:
679:
676:
672:
671:
668:
664:
663:
660:
656:
655:
652:
648:
647:
644:
640:
639:
636:
632:
631:
628:
624:
623:
620:
616:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
600:
599:
596:
592:
591:
588:
584:
583:
580:
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575:
572:
568:
567:
564:
560:
559:
556:
552:
551:
548:
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543:
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536:
535:
532:
528:
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520:
519:
516:
512:
511:
508:
504:
503:
500:
496:
495:
492:
488:
487:
484:
480:
479:
476:
472:
471:
468:
464:
463:
460:
456:
455:
452:
448:
447:
444:
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439:
436:
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428:
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396:
392:
391:
388:
384:
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376:
375:
372:
368:
367:
364:
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836:Phabricator
796:Phabricator
695:Divorce Act
2240:Montserrat
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1974:2018-07-19
1924:2011-12-05
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1313:2020-05-20
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931:References
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870:James Oler
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967:The Daily
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2070:Barbados
1997:CBC News
1968:CBC News
1873:CBC News
1847:CBC News
1696:Priority
899:See also
862:polygamy
850:Polygamy
750:Priority
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1760:Appeals
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