58:
1087:
survived this wave. As a consequence, the
Peruvian government does not currently give licenses for new frequencies. This is one of the reasons that since late 1990s pirate radios and internet radio have appeared and are increasing. Internet-only media started in 1995 with some on-demand broadcasts in RealAudio done by Frecuencia Primera RTVN, Red Cientifica Peruana, Peru.Com and Radio Programas. Currently there are over 10 thousand online stations; some of them are Internet Only but some others are just live rebroadcast fm or mW stations. With some exceptions Internet Only stations die just a few weeks or months after they are created.
621:
1188:, with the judge arguing that certain allegations lack sufficient sources and fining the entities $ 100,000, with the funds being awarded to Acuña. According to journalists, this created a dangerous precedent for press freedom since Vega suggested that sources used by press workers must be approved by an authority figure.
889:
Some VHF stations like
Frecuencia Latina and TV PERU broadcast their on-air feeds via Internet. Starting in 2006 some TV stations have appeared like TELURICA and in 2007 Frecuencia Primera RTVN released CANAL 200, using the name as they were created in 1976. TELURICA produces their own Internet Only
1217:
and supports center-right politics. For television channels, América
Televisión, ATV and Latina receive 57% of the national audience viewership. In radio communication, CRP, Panamericana de Radios, RPP Group and Universal Corporation control much of the market, with CRP and RPP owning more than the
1082:
with a regulation toward commercial radio broadcast on such topics as entertainment. The period is considered the golden age of radio in Peru. The third period (1956-1980) tried to reconcile radio industry with the newly established television industry. The fourth period (1980-2000) begins with the
1200:
is the largest media conglomerate in Peru and one of the largest in South
America, owning 80% of newspapers, receiving 65% of online readers and generating 57% of revenue among Peru's largest media organizations. Like many media organizations in Peru, El Comercio is owned by a family, the Miro
1086:
Peruvian listeners prefer FM stations instead of MW and SW stations. Major cities such as Lima, Arequipa and
Trujillo have their FM dial full. Since 1990, most of these stations have been acquired by large radio corporations in order to monopolize the dial. Only a very few independent stations
1083:
return of the media companies to their owners, the formation of new networks and corporations, and the development of popular radio. Many
Peruvians continued to utilize the radio for information in the 2020s, though news stories typically lack depth and details.
685:, with wealthy families controlling much of the media and influencing decisions in the nation to serve their economic interests. About 80% of the largest media companies in Peru are owned by relatives of the same family. The mainstream media in Peru is typically
1497:
The
Fujimori campaign seized upon the Vizcatán massacre to reiterate the 'Castillo-as-extremist' narrative, pointing to alleged ties between Castillo and a Shining Path front group, MOVADEF, to suggest that Castillo bore some responsibility for the gruesome
2130:
3000:
1078:. The history of radio in Peru can be categorized into the first historical period of (1925-1936) when radio transformed from an elite medium to a mass media. The second period (1937-1956) began with the creation of
1484:
2152:
2120:
1154:, any action prohibiting the dissemination of the press is illegal and a criminal offense. Attacks on journalists through judicial acts are frequent, however, especially by powerful and wealthy entities.
846:
and forced to sell his shares of the channel below market value to pro-Fujimori businessmen. Ivcher took the case to court, and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights eventually decided in his favor.
1095:
The use of the internet in Peru grew from about 36 percent in the early 2010 to 71 percent in 2021. Reputable news reporting has moved from traditional media to digital outlets according to
737:
as being a threat to the nation, with many students, professors, union members, and peasants being jailed or killed for their political beliefs. Reporters investigating the government of
1833:
1232:
1196:
According to
Reporters Without Borders, media pluralism in Peru is lacking and poses a threat to freedom of information in the nation, especially with a lack of government regulation.
1733:
1669:
807:, the media in Peru avoided coverage of demonstrations, with 60% of respondents of an Institute of Peruvian Studies poll saying that the media held a bias with protest coverage.
2990:
1765:
1701:
1184:
In
January 2022, Judge Jesús Vega found an author, his book's publisher and the director of the publisher guilty of defamation for their book investigating multimillionaire
1474:
946:, founded on May 7, 1839, is one of the most important Peruvian newspapers. It is also the oldest privately owned paper in the country. The Miró Quesada family controls
2995:
1943:
1074:
Since the existence of radio in Peru, it has been a popular source of information due to its ease of access. Many radio stations exist throughout Peru, including
741:
faced violence, with some being abducted and killed; from 1990 to 1996, at least eighteen journalists were assassinated, with most being from interior provinces.
1009:
2957:
2937:
2942:
799:
against
Castillo while also creating a positive image of Fujimori. Despite media attacks against Castillo, he would win the presidency. During the
497:
2179:
3033:
291:
791:, who was further left on the political spectrum. In the second round of elections, Peru's major media networks were described as aligning with
1819:
2889:
1570:
2406:
2157:
1309:
749:
1723:
1659:
1292:
649:
1975:
2125:
1178:
2153:"Dismissal of news director of Peru's main television stations worsens credibility crisis in the press during polarized elections"
2121:"Dismissal of news director of Peru's main television stations worsens credibility crisis in the press during polarized elections"
1755:
1691:
1201:
Quesada family, which also owns América Televisión. The Miro Quesada family and its El Comercio Group has typically supported
2311:
2097:
2040:
670:, including television, radio, cinema, newspapers, magazines, and Internet-based web sites. Much of the print-based media in
1237:
2493:
835:
800:
757:
1287:
Alvarez, Javier Perla; Montero, Daniela Freundt; Barrantes, Eduardo Burga; Takahashi, Talía Postigo; Menton, Mary (2014).
2743:
2359:
1013:, which is extremely pro-Fujimori. There are also several sensationalist tabloids that are considered to be part of the "
2074:
2738:
367:
2882:
2573:
1523:
2578:
1798:
1638:
1606:
2207:
2478:
733:
in the 1980s and 1990s, the government, military, and media in Peru described any individual who was left on the
3028:
2842:
2324:
1158:
is a criminal offense in Peru and individuals often accuse journalists of this offense in censorship attempts.
1069:
804:
768:
377:
372:
2250:
1415:
642:
389:
17:
1447:
2875:
2609:
2604:
2376:
2341:
1565:
1245:
675:
197:
57:
838:. Frecuencia Latina covered several stories of corruption in the Fujimori government when it was owned by
3023:
2463:
2422:
2396:
224:
202:
1075:
362:
2642:
2627:
899:
306:
1368:
1079:
875:
834:, which was the subject of considerable controversy and indirectly led to a case being decided by the
2614:
2539:
2468:
2304:
1951:
1919:
1515:
1420:
1347:
1096:
772:
730:
399:
148:
1161:
Into the 2010s, violence and death threats against press workers saw media freedom decline in Peru.
2904:
2816:
2666:
2427:
1986:
1173:
groups in Peru being documented attacking journalists by Reporters Without Borders. Allegations of
1108:
997:
In addition to these three newspapers, there are several other newspapers, including, for example,
710:
690:
635:
229:
214:
207:
72:
1540:
1021:
or less and show pictures of dead bodies on their front pages. During the government of Fujimori,
219:
2723:
2561:
863:
598:
438:
2483:
2453:
706:
588:
958:
2568:
2391:
1793:
1633:
1601:
1033:
963:
686:
667:
515:
416:
1181:
reporting on possible collaboration of the media with Keiko Fujimori's electoral campaign.
1111:
as mainstream media in the nation lost their reputation due to their use of disinformation.
175:
2761:
2718:
2688:
2544:
2524:
2349:
2297:
1877:
1314:
1255:
1169:
report. Verbal attacks against press workers by politicians increased into the 2020s, with
1151:
1022:
780:
187:
2245:
8:
2978:
2786:
2632:
2549:
2371:
2212:
1479:
1475:"Peru's military say Shining Path insurgents killed 16 civilians. Others are not so sure"
1202:
987:
927:
879:
192:
128:
784:
763:
Into the 2020s, mainstream private media began to lose its reputation due to its use of
2967:
2912:
2703:
2534:
2519:
2473:
2386:
2045:
1824:
1145:
1045:
942:
919:
827:
821:
734:
556:
551:
404:
301:
269:
234:
962:, founded on May 3, 1981, is another important newspaper. The newspaper overall has a
745:
2947:
2932:
2733:
2713:
2708:
2693:
2652:
2556:
2529:
2441:
2401:
2259:
2217:
2050:
1519:
1448:"Peru's far right is reviving decades-old terrorism narratives to undermine protests"
1250:
1197:
934:
s official status, it does not have the largest circulation among Peruvian dailies.
831:
698:
546:
182:
1017:", which often include vulgar content. Such papers frequently feature women wearing
709:. Trusted media has turned towards independent media websites that have assumed the
477:
279:
80:
2962:
2917:
2806:
2776:
2728:
2678:
2637:
2507:
2488:
2008:
1185:
991:
975:
738:
608:
583:
321:
264:
137:
112:
1820:"Buenos Aires Times | Inequality fuels rural teacher's unlikely bid to upend Peru"
1342:
1218:
legal limit of 20% of frequencies in Lima according to Reporters Without Borders.
443:
2922:
2835:
2753:
2647:
2592:
2458:
2332:
1174:
472:
274:
241:
96:
45:
1036:
survey done in Lima in December 2010, the five most widely read newspapers were
2927:
2771:
2698:
2364:
1227:
1210:
1129:
1100:
792:
788:
764:
714:
702:
534:
524:
296:
1206:
756:
campaign, arguing that left-wing political candidates would be elected in the
3017:
2952:
2851:
2811:
2801:
2683:
2255:
2221:
2105:
2082:
2054:
1914:
1857:
1829:
1724:"Former Peru dictator's spymaster reappears in alleged plot to swing recount"
1660:"Former Peru dictator's spymaster reappears in alleged plot to swing recount"
1162:
839:
753:
694:
682:
539:
467:
458:
426:
286:
259:
88:
35:
2263:
1104:
859:
771:. Outside of Lima, many media staff in rural areas were laid off during the
718:
674:
is over a century old, with some newspapers even dating back to the time of
2791:
2766:
2619:
1971:
1760:
1728:
1696:
1664:
1133:
1125:
1014:
779:. For the first round of elections, Peruvian media focused attacks against
693:. Since the 2020s, previously reputable mainstream outlets began to spread
603:
492:
170:
2867:
2856:
2354:
1512:
Watchdog Journalism in South America: News, Accountability, and Democracy
843:
625:
345:
330:
120:
104:
2009:"Publicaciones recibidas: La radio en el Perú. Emilio Bustamante Quiroz"
1788:
1756:"Peru: Fujimori cries electoral fraud – and unleashes torrent of racism"
1692:"Peru: Fujimori cries electoral fraud – and unleashes torrent of racism"
1628:
1596:
1452:
1155:
951:
914:
890:
programmes but CANAL 200 shows just clips and some sample productions.
593:
529:
1051:
999:
930:, and all laws passed in Peru must be published in the daily. Despite
883:
878:, which secretly sold its editorial line to Vladimiro Montesinos, and
713:
in the nation, with the two leading investigative organizations being
2381:
2180:"Peru's Fujimori loses allies as bid to flip election result falters"
1170:
967:
905:
796:
421:
165:
1177:
among mainstream media occurred during the 2021 elections, with the
979:
787:. The media's attacks resulted with support moving from Mendoza to
776:
502:
1425:
2184:
1120:
1026:
851:
561:
487:
394:
2289:
1286:
1025:
secretly purchased the editorial lines of such tabloids through
1018:
854:, a 24-hour cable news channel that is a joint venture between
620:
482:
409:
340:
335:
795:
to discredit Castillo. Some news media allegedly disseminated
2781:
1882:
431:
384:
355:
826:
Television is the most popular medium in Peru. Among Peru's
2320:
937:
909:
671:
574:
350:
2041:"In Peru, Courts 'Used Like Whips' to Silence Journalists"
2283:
1213:. Grupo República also owns multiple entities including
994:. It is now edited by his son, Gustavo Mohme Seminario.
842:. However, Baruch Ivcher was stripped of his Peruvian
1970:
1289:
REDD+ Politics in the Media: A Case Study from Peru
2271:Thirty years of entertainment and politics in Peru
1855:"Commies, crooks and bloodshed; Peru's election".
775:, while hundreds of other journalists died due to
3015:
2883:
2305:
1878:"Peru's Media Faces a Crisis Within a Crisis"
1571:Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism
643:
3002:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
2158:Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas
2038:
1980:(Newspaper and Supplement Readership Study)"
1978:Estudio de Lectoría de Diarios y Suplementos
1539:Campos, Rafael Rodríguez (30 October 2019).
1165:described Peru as "partially free" in their
2284:Asociación Nacional de Periodistas del Perú
2208:"Battle Brews Over Media Influence in Peru"
2039:Turkewitz, Julie; Taj, Mitra (2022-01-19).
1107:have assumed the role of Peru's leaders in
978:, and continues to refer to him as the "ex-
2897:
2890:
2876:
2312:
2298:
1293:Center for International Forestry Research
1205:political candidates, including President
650:
636:
1938:
1936:
760:and attempt to draft a new constitution.
666:includes a variety of different types of
2126:Knight Center for Specialized Journalism
1509:
1179:Knight Center for Specialized Journalism
1369:"MOM Perú - Proprietarios individuales"
681:Peru's media organizations control the
14:
3034:Mass media in South America by country
3016:
1933:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1590:
1588:
1541:"La reforma constitucional en el Perú"
1538:
2871:
2293:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1786:
1626:
1594:
1445:
1410:
2205:
1812:
1780:
1748:
1620:
1472:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1304:
1302:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1132:, is one of Peru's most prestigious
836:Inter-American Court of Human Rights
758:2020 Peruvian parliamentary election
2113:
1865:
1848:
1801:from the original on 31 August 2021
1716:
1684:
1641:from the original on 31 August 2021
1609:from the original on 31 August 2021
1585:
974:ardently opposed the government of
752:in 2019, the media in Peru began a
24:
2238:
2199:
2172:
2145:
2025:
1896:
1652:
1466:
1191:
1068:Further information (in Spanish):
862:. Other Peruvian networks include
25:
3045:
2319:
2277:
1768:from the original on 22 June 2021
1704:from the original on 22 June 2021
1487:from the original on 10 June 2021
1387:
1343:"MOM Peru - Findings: indicators"
1328:
1299:
1271:
2133:from the original on 5 June 2021
1836:from the original on 4 June 2021
1789:"Can Pedro Castillo unite Peru?"
1736:from the original on 2 July 2021
1672:from the original on 2 July 2021
1629:"Can Pedro Castillo unite Peru?"
1597:"Can Pedro Castillo unite Peru?"
1566:"2021 Digital News Report: Peru"
619:
56:
2090:
2067:
2001:
1964:
1558:
1233:Colegio de Periodistas del Perú
990:, who was formerly a member of
1532:
1503:
1473:Burt, Jo-Marie (5 June 2021).
1439:
1361:
1310:"BTI 2022 Peru Country Report"
1070:List of radio stations in Peru
805:2022 Peruvian political crisis
769:2021 Peruvian general election
13:
1:
1264:
1139:
1124:, founded in October 1950 by
893:
815:
729:Since the intense periods of
1787:Migus, Romain (2021-09-01).
1627:Migus, Romain (2021-09-01).
1595:Migus, Romain (2021-09-01).
1446:Tegel, Simeon (2023-03-21).
1246:Freedom of the press in Peru
1114:
1040:(1,824.6 thousand readers),
7:
2744:Water supply and sanitation
2098:"Freedom of the Press 2017"
1221:
1090:
850:Another channel in Peru is
705:, resulting with increased
10:
3050:
2739:Water resources management
2273:. Editorial Planeta, 2022.
2075:"Freedom of thePress 2015"
1987:Open Society Media Program
1861:. 29 May 2021. p. 30.
1143:
1067:
986:was founded and edited by
900:List of newspapers in Peru
897:
819:
724:
2976:
2903:
2829:
2752:
2674:
2665:
2600:
2591:
2515:
2506:
2449:
2440:
2415:
2340:
2331:
2206:Dube, Ryan (2014-01-02).
1952:Reporters Without Borders
1920:Reporters Without Borders
1516:Columbia University Press
1510:Waisbord, Silvio (2000).
1421:Reporters Without Borders
1348:Reporters Without Borders
1167:Freedom of the Press 2017
1097:Reporters Without Borders
866:, which was purchased by
773:COVID-19 pandemic in Peru
744:In response to President
731:internal conflict in Peru
149:Cultural heritage of Peru
1109:investigative journalism
1099:. Organizations such as
1076:Radio Programas del Perú
1063:
810:
767:, especially during the
711:investigative journalism
691:politically conservative
73:Norte Chico civilization
34:This article is part of
2397:Ecuadorian–Peruvian War
1948:Media Ownership Monitor
1373:Media Ownership Monitor
1080:Radio Nacional del Perú
918:, which was founded by
876:Panamericana Televisión
599:Catholic Church in Peru
2898:Media of South America
2013:www.archivoperuano.com
1915:"Country Profile Peru"
1424:. 2022. Archived from
964:centre-right political
707:political polarization
3029:Mass media by country
2579:Regions and provinces
1972:Kantar Media Research
1794:Le Monde diplomatique
1634:Le Monde diplomatique
1602:Le Monde diplomatique
926:acts as the official
922:on October 22, 1825.
2494:World Heritage Sites
2251:Freedom of the Press
1315:Bertelsmann Stiftung
1260:, media conglomerate
1152:Constitution of Peru
1023:Vladimiro Montesinos
363:Regional differences
2377:War of Independence
2213:Wall Street Journal
1944:"Grupo El Comercio"
1480:The Washington Post
988:Gustavo Mohme Llona
928:newspaper of record
880:public broadcasting
828:television networks
198:Colonial literature
160:Arts and literature
129:Viceroyalty of Peru
3024:Mass media in Peru
2643:Telecommunications
2387:War of the Pacific
2046:The New York Times
1825:Buenos Aires Times
1146:Censorship in Peru
966:stance with small
954:political stance.
864:América Televisión
822:Television in Peru
735:political spectrum
664:mass media in Peru
557:Japanese Peruvians
552:European Peruvians
3011:
3010:
2983:other territories
2865:
2864:
2825:
2824:
2714:List of Peruvians
2661:
2660:
2587:
2586:
2574:Political parties
2540:Foreign relations
2502:
2501:
2436:
2435:
2402:Internal conflict
2392:Colombia–Peru War
1974:(December 2010).
1251:Grupo El Comercio
1198:El Comercio Group
832:Frecuencia Latina
801:Peruvian protests
750:dissolve Congress
699:COVID-19 pandemic
660:
659:
547:Chinese Peruvians
183:Inca architecture
166:Pre-Columbian art
142:
133:
125:
117:
109:
101:
93:
85:
77:
49:
16:(Redirected from
3041:
3003:
2991:Falkland Islands
2905:Sovereign states
2892:
2885:
2878:
2869:
2868:
2845:
2838:
2672:
2671:
2623:
2598:
2597:
2513:
2512:
2447:
2446:
2407:Political crisis
2360:Spanish conquest
2350:Ancient cultures
2338:
2337:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2291:
2290:
2266:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2036:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1984:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1958:
1940:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1911:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1874:
1863:
1862:
1852:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1816:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1784:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1764:. 20 June 2021.
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1732:. 29 June 2021.
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1700:. 20 June 2021.
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1668:. 29 June 2021.
1656:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1592:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1536:
1530:
1529:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1443:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1412:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1355:
1339:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1284:
1259:
1241:
976:Alberto Fujimori
785:Veronika Mendoza
739:Alberto Fujimori
652:
645:
638:
623:
609:Religion in Peru
584:Lord of Miracles
577:
518:
461:
324:
176:Contemporary art
140:
138:Republic of Peru
131:
123:
115:
113:Kingdom of Cusco
108:6th century-1438
107:
99:
91:
83:
75:
60:
50:
47:
39:
29:
28:
21:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3007:
3001:
2984:
2982:
2972:
2899:
2896:
2866:
2861:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2821:
2748:
2724:Public holidays
2657:
2621:
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2479:Protected areas
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2239:Further reading
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2129:. 19 May 2021.
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1832:. 3 June 2021.
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1300:
1295:. pp. 5–8.
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1224:
1194:
1192:Media pluralism
1175:self-censorship
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1032:According to a
902:
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727:
656:
624:
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589:Fiestas Patrias
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230:Matto de Turner
161:
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97:Tiwanaku empire
76:3500 BC-1800 BC
68:
48:Culture of Peru
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2278:External links
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2269:Alonso, Paul.
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1950:(in Spanish).
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1518:. p. 61.
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1228:Cinema of Peru
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1211:Keiko Fujimori
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1144:Main article:
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1130:Enrique Zileri
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950:, which has a
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820:Main article:
817:
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803:following the
793:Keiko Fujimori
789:Pedro Castillo
765:disinformation
748:'s actions to
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701:and political
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2109:. April 2017.
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2106:Freedom House
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2086:. April 2015.
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2083:Freedom House
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1428:on 2022-05-09
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1416:"Peru | 2022"
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18:Media of Peru
2979:Dependencies
2796:
2792:Machu Picchu
2762:Architecture
2719:Prostitution
2689:Demographics
2610:Central Bank
2545:Human rights
2525:Constitution
2270:
2249:
2225:. Retrieved
2211:
2201:
2190:. Retrieved
2188:. 2021-06-28
2183:
2174:
2163:. Retrieved
2161:. 2021-05-19
2156:
2147:
2135:. Retrieved
2124:
2115:
2104:
2092:
2081:
2069:
2058:. Retrieved
2044:
2016:. Retrieved
2012:
2003:
1991:. Retrieved
1989:. p. 22
1977:
1966:
1955:. Retrieved
1947:
1924:. Retrieved
1918:
1887:. Retrieved
1881:
1856:
1850:
1838:. Retrieved
1823:
1814:
1803:. Retrieved
1792:
1782:
1770:. Retrieved
1761:The Guardian
1759:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1729:The Guardian
1727:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1697:The Guardian
1695:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1665:The Guardian
1663:
1654:
1643:. Retrieved
1632:
1622:
1611:. Retrieved
1600:
1576:. Retrieved
1569:
1560:
1549:. Retrieved
1547:(in Spanish)
1544:
1534:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1489:. Retrieved
1478:
1468:
1457:. Retrieved
1451:
1441:
1430:. Retrieved
1426:the original
1419:
1377:. Retrieved
1375:(in Spanish)
1372:
1363:
1352:. Retrieved
1346:
1319:. Retrieved
1313:
1288:
1215:La República
1214:
1195:
1183:
1166:
1160:
1150:In the 1992
1149:
1128:and her son
1126:Doris Gibson
1119:
1118:
1094:
1085:
1073:
1057:
1052:
1046:
1041:
1037:
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1015:chicha press
1008:
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996:
984:La República
983:
972:La República
971:
959:La República
957:
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872:La República
871:
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762:
743:
728:
687:economically
680:
676:independence
663:
661:
493:Andean music
235:Vargas Llosa
188:Architecture
171:Peruvian art
147:
141:1821-present
136:
32:
26:
2628:Electricity
2605:Agriculture
2562:enforcement
2464:Earthquakes
2423:Demographic
2372:Viceroyalty
2355:Inca Empire
2286:, est. 1928
1254: [
1242:, est. 1980
1236: [
1207:Alan García
1186:César Acuña
1047:El Comercio
948:El Comercio
943:El Comercio
932:El Peruano'
904:The oldest
868:El Comercio
856:El Comercio
844:citizenship
781:center-left
626:Peru portal
346:Purple corn
331:Agriculture
121:Inca Empire
105:Wari Empire
3018:Categories
2787:Literature
2704:Irrigation
2622:(currency)
2535:Government
2520:Censorship
2227:2021-07-07
2192:2021-07-07
2165:2021-07-07
2060:2022-05-09
2018:2020-09-17
1957:2021-07-07
1926:2022-05-09
1889:2023-04-20
1805:2021-09-15
1645:2021-09-15
1613:2021-09-15
1578:2023-08-11
1551:2023-01-26
1459:2023-04-02
1453:Coda Media
1432:2022-05-09
1354:2022-05-09
1321:2022-05-09
1265:References
1203:right-wing
1156:Defamation
1140:Censorship
1105:OjoPúblico
1058:El Popular
1034:readership
970:opinions.
952:right-wing
924:El Peruano
915:El Peruano
898:See also:
894:Newspapers
860:Telefónica
816:Television
783:candidate
719:OjoPúblico
594:Inti Raymi
530:Amerindian
307:Newspapers
302:Television
225:Mariátegui
193:Literature
2968:Venezuela
2913:Argentina
2734:Squatting
2709:Languages
2694:Education
2653:Transport
2615:Companies
2530:Elections
2469:Mountains
2442:Geography
2382:Guano Era
2222:0099-9660
2055:0362-4331
1830:Bloomberg
1498:killings.
1171:far-right
1115:Magazines
1050:(467.6),
1044:(526.0),
968:socialist
906:newspaper
797:fake news
576:Tradition
422:Inca Kola
417:Beverages
395:Alfajores
270:Taekwondo
203:Modernism
132:1542-1821
124:1438-1572
116:1197-1438
2958:Suriname
2948:Paraguay
2933:Colombia
2852:Category
2807:Religion
2729:Religion
2679:Abortion
2638:Taxation
2569:Military
2508:Politics
2489:Wildlife
2428:Economic
2416:By topic
2342:Timeline
2325:articles
2264:57509361
2258:, 2015,
2131:Archived
1834:Archived
1799:Archived
1766:Archived
1734:Archived
1702:Archived
1670:Archived
1639:Archived
1607:Archived
1485:Archived
1222:See also
1091:Internet
1060:(225.8)
1010:La Razón
992:Congress
980:dictator
882:station
777:COVID-19
503:Marinera
390:Desserts
341:Potatoes
265:Football
100:550-1000
36:a series
2963:Uruguay
2938:Ecuador
2918:Bolivia
2836:Outline
2817:Symbols
2777:Cuisine
2754:Culture
2667:Society
2648:Tourism
2593:Economy
2459:Climate
2333:History
2185:Reuters
1772:22 June
1708:22 June
1379:21 June
1121:Caretas
1027:bribery
1019:bikinis
1000:Peru.21
940:-based
884:TV Perú
852:Canal N
725:History
562:Mestizo
535:Quechua
517:Peoples
488:Festejo
368:Coastal
323:Cuisine
275:Surfing
242:Theatre
215:Writers
92:100-700
67:History
2943:Guyana
2923:Brazil
2857:Portal
2772:Cinema
2699:Health
2484:Rivers
2454:Cities
2323:
2262:
2254:, US:
2246:"Peru"
2220:
2137:5 June
2053:
1993:May 2,
1840:4 June
1740:1 July
1676:1 July
1574:. 2021
1545:La Ley
1522:
1491:5 June
1053:Perú21
1007:, and
1005:Correo
540:Aymara
483:Huayno
410:Lucuma
378:Amazon
356:Fruits
336:Quinoa
297:Cinema
280:Tennis
208:Comics
38:on the
2928:Chile
2843:Index
2812:Sport
2802:Music
2797:Media
2782:Llama
2684:Crime
2101:(PDF)
2078:(PDF)
1983:(PDF)
1883:NACLA
1258:]
1240:]
1064:Radio
1038:Trome
811:Types
668:media
460:Music
432:Pisco
373:Andes
292:Radio
287:Media
260:Sport
2953:Peru
2620:Sol
2550:LGBT
2321:Peru
2260:OCLC
2218:ISSN
2139:2021
2051:ISSN
1995:2013
1842:2021
1774:2021
1742:2021
1710:2021
1678:2021
1520:ISBN
1493:2021
1381:2023
1209:and
1103:and
938:Lima
910:Peru
870:and
858:and
717:and
689:and
672:Peru
662:The
604:Flag
405:Flan
351:Maca
2981:and
2767:Art
2557:Law
1042:Ojo
982:."
912:is
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