216:' used to describe extremist religious behaviours found in some who, based on their extreme religious beliefs or ideologies, take up weapons and become involved in warfare, or who commit acts of violence or terrorism in an attempt to advance their extremist religious agendas. Such extremist groups can be Christian, Muslims, Jewish, or of any other religious affiliation.
85:
does not usually refer to a registered soldier: it can be anyone who subscribes to the idea of using vigorous, sometimes extreme, activity to achieve an objective, usually political. A "militant activist" would be expected to be more confrontational and aggressive than an activist not described as
165:
describing a group that believes in "confrontational demonstrations" and "nonviolent tactics" to get across their message of preserving the environment. Another usage example includes 'a militant political activist', drawing attention to behaviours typical of those engaged in intensive political
451:
Militant research is defined as a type of research that is distinct from academia while also not synonymous with the political militant. It refuses the alienating practices of academia which separate researchers from the political meaning of their activity. In recent years it has become an
386:, of peoples forcibly deprived of that right , particularly peoples under colonial and racist regimes and foreign occupation or other forms of colonial domination, nor...the right of these peoples to struggle to this end and to seek and receive support ."
498:– Christian warriors in a series of several military campaigns—usually sanctioned by the Papacy—that took place during the 11th through 13th century. Used contemporarily to describe people that attack Islam, whether perceived or real.
377:
Resolution on terrorism (42/159, 7 December 1987). which condemns international terrorism and outlines measures to combat the crime, with one proviso: "that nothing in the present resolution could in any way prejudice the right to
504:– an individual who is publicly displaying the common opinion of an activist group, often economically, political, or socially, by gathering in a crowd, usually at a symbolic place or date, associated with that opinion.
1078:
Sanders, Clinton. Marginal
Conventions: Popular Culture, Mass Media, and Social Deviance. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1990. Decoding the Mass Media and Terrorism Connection. Page
646:– any individual(s) who establish their own form of justice or forms a collaboration with law enforcement to fight against criminal activities. Usually militant, armed, and not complying with the rule of law.
652:– state of widespread conflict between states, organisations, or relatively large groups of people, which is characterised by the use of violent, physical force between combatants or upon civilians.
420:
can suggest violent and aggressive political activity by
Islamic individuals, groups, movements, or governments. There are also various secret societies that are classified as militant groups.
640:– person who has enlisted with, or has been conscripted into, the armed forces of a sovereign country and has undergone training and received equipment to defend that country or its interests.
1104:
Juergensmeyer, Mark. Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of
Religious Violence. Comparative studies in religion and society, 13. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. Page 9.
108:
group in the United
Kingdom published a newspaper, was active in labour disputes, moved resolutions in political meetings, but was not based on violence. The purpose of the Christian
1113:
Peloso, Vincent C. Work, Protest, and
Identity in Twentieth-Century Latin America. Jaguar books on Latin America, no. 26. Wilmington, Del: Scholarly Resources, 2003. Page 238.
516:
or freebooter – is someone who engages in an (at least nominally) unauthorized military expedition into a foreign country or territory to foment or support a revolution.
427:'s authority to assassinate people worldwide who pose an "imminent threat" if "capture is not feasible", the Obama administration routinely called every victim of
133:
870:
743:
1144:
Savitch, H. V. Cities in a Time of Terror: Space, Territory, and Local
Resilience. Cities and contemporary society. Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 2008. Page 45.
528:– small combat groups and the individual members of such groups operating with small, mobile and flexible combat groups called cells, without a front line.
570:– soldier who fights, or engages in warfare primarily for private gain, usually with little regard for ideological, national or political considerations.
452:
increasingly popular approach for doing research especially since it attempts to resolve academic concerns related to representation and auto-critique.
295:
conventionally indicates disapproval of the behavior of the individual or organization so labeled, regardless of the motivations for such behavior, and
116:
and ". . . the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places" (Ephesians 6:12), but it is not a violent movement.
586:
group within the UK Labour Party who were found to be in breach of the Labour Party's constitution. The group existed in this form from 1964 to 1991.
986:
941:
628:– kind of social movement that aims to make gradual change, or change in certain aspects of the society rather than rapid or fundamental changes.
486:
or fighting – purposeful conflict between one or more persons, often involving violence and intended to establish dominance over the opposition.
1207:
1181:
964:
1122:
Richard
Jackson, Jeroen Gunning, Marie Breen Smyth, Critical Terrorism Studies: A New Research Agenda. Taylor & Francis, 2009. Page 162.
346:
because their acts of political violence against military targets of a foreign occupier do not violate international law. Protocol 1 of the
598:– member of a lightly equipped irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation.
552:– an armed rebellion by any irregular armed force that rises up against an established authority, government, administration or occupation.
1267:
1012:
257:
The word "militant" is sometimes used to describe groups that do not name or describe themselves as militants, but that advocate
768:
228:, as a noun, is a person who uses militant methods in pursuit of an objective; the term is not associated with the military.
198:
543:
209:, says "Now the church is militant. Now we are confronted with a world in darkness, almost wholly given over to idolatry."
78:
left his civilian duties and became a soldier until the emergency was over, when he returned to his civilian occupation.
604:– a private person who engages in maritime warfare under a commission of war, and often is rewarded with booty obtained.
874:
592:– Muslim fighters; literally means "strugglers" or "people doing jihad". The traditional Arabic term for a "jihadist".
193:
is often used within some religious circles to denote the continuous battle of
Christians (as church members) or the
538:, described as being "instant, overwhelming, and leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation."; the
374:
1062:
658:– person habitually engaged in combat. In tribal societies, warriors often form a caste or class of their own.
383:
206:
1235:"Militant research against-and-beyond itself: critical perspectives from the university and Occupy London"
443:
are an example of a group resorting to violence (intimidation, arson, and murder) as a deliberate tactic.
990:
579:
105:
610:– expresses relatively overt reaction to events or situations: sometimes in favour, more often opposed.
141:
20:
576:– any armed force, it generally refers to a permanent, professional force of soldiers or guerrillas.
501:
406:, abortion opponents and proponents, and environmentalists. Examples of left-wing, right-wing, and
370:. Protocol 1 does not legitimize attacks on civilians by militants who fall into these categories.
1284:
Jared Sacks (20 September 2018). "On
Militancy, Self-reflection, and the Role of the Researcher".
1335:
531:
152:
might typically be used in phrases such as 'militant conservationists' or 'a militant attitude'.
1325:
1234:
440:
197:
in their struggle against sin. In particular, the Roman
Catholic Church differentiates between
58:, especially in support of a cause, as in "militant reformers". It comes from the 15th century
350:
gives lawful combatant status to those engaging in armed conflicts against alien (or foreign)
513:
428:
1211:
918:
1340:
1249:
558:– political neologism used to describe violent persons and movements in contemporary Islam.
8:
595:
351:
172:
140:
as "Having a combative character; aggressive, especially in the service of a cause". The
1253:
1301:
804:
395:
379:
367:
347:
157:
1330:
1305:
717:
613:
287:
262:
342:
Those resisting a foreign military occupation can be seen as not meriting the label
1293:
1257:
1155:
1088:
789:
258:
194:
125:
47:
29:
1297:
690:
1092:
826:
625:
535:
477:
296:
109:
1133:
Homeland security in the UK: future preparedness for terrorist attack since 9/11
896:
848:
519:
424:
416:
407:
202:
468:– individuals in intentional action to bring about social or political change.
1319:
1091:
Example of use of "militant" to describe a group suspected of carrying out a
939:
539:
411:
326:
movements using terrorism as a tactic. The mass media also has used the term
323:
304:
561:
471:
399:
355:
213:
167:
70:
as a defensive organization against invaders grew out of the Anglo-Saxon
232:
can refer to an individual displaying aggressive behavior or attitudes.
1262:
589:
549:
510:– ideas or actions thought by critics to be hyperbolic and unwarranted.
403:
129:
102:
75:
55:
643:
619:
607:
601:
567:
525:
507:
489:
308:
239:
98:
66:" meaning "to serve as a soldier". The related modern concept of the
51:
39:
362:. Non-uniformed guerrillas also gain combatant status if they carry
318:" in the context of terrorism. Journalists sometimes apply the term
163:
Militant Environmentalists Planning Summer Protests to Save Redwoods
583:
573:
465:
410:
militants include militant reformers, militant feminists, militant
266:
90:
1182:"Obama's drone wars and the normalisation of extrajudicial murder"
1041:
742:
Bishop, Katherine; Times, Special To the New York (19 June 1990).
1017:
655:
637:
495:
67:
148:
as "aggressively active (as in a cause)". It says that the word
132:, especially in support of a cause" as in 'militant reformers'.
1089:
BBC: Nigeria blast blamed on Islamic militant group Boko Haram.
940:
Sean O’Neill, Zahid Hussain and Michael Evans (12 April 2009).
661:
555:
483:
439:
Among organisations that describe themselves as militants, the
363:
359:
94:
616:– a surprise attack to counter an anticipated enemy offensive.
281:
Newspapers, magazines, and other information sources may deem
303:, at other times, can refer to anyone not a member of formal
113:
59:
564:– medieval term for a soldier, almost always a professional.
631:
582:(or the Militant tendency) – Trotskyist group active as an
270:
261:. In the early 21st century, members of groups involved in
212:
Such religious meaning must not be confused with the word '
71:
43:
1156:"Obama: less rights, more drones–don't worry, it's legit"
685:
683:
649:
634:– people in crowds committing crimes or acts of violence
155:
An example of the adjective usages is demonstrated when
134:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
534:– a criterion in international law, developed over the
680:
542:
has as additional criterion that the response must be
1205:
1039:
166:
activism. The political protests headed by Reverend
16:
Term for especially aggressive supporters of a cause
1063:
Macmillan dictionary definition of militant as noun
1074:
1072:
1070:
492:– a soldier or guerrilla member who is waging war.
712:
710:
708:
1317:
522:– anti-modernist movements in various religions.
382:, freedom and independence, as derived from the
1067:
414:advocates, and militant anarchists. The phrase
1153:
827:"Catholic View of Church Militant – Teachings"
705:
187:person who does not necessarily use violence.
46:, and it is generally used to mean vigorously
1232:
1179:
805:"Catholic View of Church Militant – Theology"
474:– one of a contracting parties in a conflict.
460:Compare and contrast these related articles:
170:have been described as militant in nature in
962:
622:– individuals who participate in rebellions.
1283:
741:
897:"Third Article on Terrorism by Christians"
1261:
1206:Colectivo Situaciones (September 2003).
314:The mass media sometimes uses the term "
965:"Third Article on Terrorism by Muslims"
1318:
1135:. Taylor & Francis, 2007. Page 55.
987:"Jewish Terrorism Against the British"
251:
199:Church militant and church triumphant
1042:"Third Article on Terrorism by Jews"
446:
389:
307:engaging in warfare or serving as a
273:are usually described as militants.
1273:from the original on 30 April 2019.
873:. Atheism.about.com. Archived from
849:"The Ministry of Healing, page 504"
337:
276:
13:
1233:Sam Halversen (9 September 2015).
14:
1352:
989:. Thewebfairy.com. Archived from
793:, by Howard Kurtz, 30 March 1990.
89:Militance may or may not include
434:
398:, including racial or religious
112:is to struggle against sin, the
1277:
1226:
1199:
1173:
1154:Brian Williams (18 June 2012).
1147:
1138:
1125:
1116:
1107:
1098:
1082:
1056:
1033:
1018:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
1005:
979:
967:. Internationalwallofprayer.org
956:
933:
911:
899:. Antiwar.com. 14 February 2009
889:
119:
1180:Michael Boyle (11 June 2012).
863:
841:
819:
797:
783:
769:"American Heritage Dictionary"
761:
735:
124:Militant can mean "vigorously
1:
1298:10.1080/02589346.2018.1523349
673:
384:Charter of the United Nations
334:for terrorist organizations.
205:, one of the founders of the
1208:"On the researcher militant"
207:Seventh-day Adventist church
7:
942:"More terrorism by Muslims"
807:. Ewtn.com. 12 January 1935
455:
394:Militants occur across the
10:
1357:
1040:Judith Apter Klinghoffer.
693:. Dictionary Reference.com
691:"Dictionary Reference.com"
291:as neutral terms, whereas
219:
142:Merriam-Webster Dictionary
74:. In times of crisis, the
18:
871:"Terrorism by Christians"
250:. (For more on this, see
21:Militant (disambiguation)
1013:"More Terrorism by Jews"
666:zealous on behalf of God
1210:. EIPCP. Archived from
664:– an individual who is
238:is sometimes used as a
81:The current meaning of
441:Ulster Young Militants
161:ran an article titled
919:"Terrorism by Muslim"
429:extrajudicial killing
993:on 29 September 2011
744:"The New York Times"
299:indicates approval.
179:In general usage, a
101:, and the like. The
19:For other uses, see
1254:2015Area...47..466H
921:. Muhammadanism.org
791:The Washington Post
480:(Ecclesia Militans)
375:UN General Assembly
368:military operations
356:colonial domination
173:The Washington Post
1263:10.1111/area.12221
963:Dr. Mark Gabriel.
944:. Sheikyermami.com
748:The New York Times
396:political spectrum
380:self-determination
348:Geneva Conventions
158:The New York Times
1021:. 28 January 1947
851:. Whiteestate.org
718:"Merriam-Webster"
614:preemptive strike
447:Militant research
390:Span of militancy
332:radical militants
263:Islamic terrorism
91:physical violence
1348:
1310:
1309:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1265:
1239:
1230:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1151:
1145:
1142:
1136:
1131:Paul Wilkinson,
1129:
1123:
1120:
1114:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1096:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
983:
977:
976:
974:
972:
960:
954:
953:
951:
949:
937:
931:
930:
928:
926:
915:
909:
908:
906:
904:
893:
887:
886:
884:
882:
867:
861:
860:
858:
856:
845:
839:
838:
836:
834:
823:
817:
816:
814:
812:
801:
795:
787:
781:
780:
778:
776:
765:
759:
758:
756:
754:
739:
733:
732:
730:
728:
714:
703:
702:
700:
698:
687:
338:Legal inferences
277:Mass media usage
259:extreme violence
252:mass media usage
195:Christian Church
1356:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1237:
1231:
1227:
1217:
1215:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1093:suicide bombing
1087:
1083:
1077:
1068:
1061:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1038:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1011:
1010:
1006:
996:
994:
985:
984:
980:
970:
968:
961:
957:
947:
945:
938:
934:
924:
922:
917:
916:
912:
902:
900:
895:
894:
890:
880:
878:
877:on 2 March 2012
869:
868:
864:
854:
852:
847:
846:
842:
832:
830:
825:
824:
820:
810:
808:
803:
802:
798:
788:
784:
774:
772:
767:
766:
762:
752:
750:
740:
736:
726:
724:
722:Merriam-Webster
716:
715:
706:
696:
694:
689:
688:
681:
676:
671:
626:Reform Movement
536:Caroline affair
532:imminent threat
478:Church militant
458:
449:
437:
392:
340:
328:militant groups
297:freedom fighter
279:
248:armed insurgent
222:
185:confrontational
122:
110:Church Militant
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1336:Rebels by type
1333:
1328:
1312:
1311:
1292:(3): 438–455.
1276:
1248:(4): 466–472.
1225:
1214:on 5 July 2021
1198:
1172:
1146:
1137:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1081:
1066:
1055:
1032:
1004:
978:
955:
932:
910:
888:
862:
840:
818:
796:
782:
760:
734:
704:
678:
677:
675:
672:
670:
669:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
577:
571:
565:
559:
553:
547:
546:to the threat.
529:
523:
520:fundamentalism
517:
511:
505:
499:
493:
487:
481:
475:
469:
462:
457:
454:
448:
445:
436:
433:
417:militant Islam
408:advocacy group
391:
388:
366:openly during
339:
336:
278:
275:
221:
218:
203:Ellen G. White
121:
118:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1353:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1326:English words
1324:
1323:
1321:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1229:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1141:
1134:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1075:
1073:
1071:
1064:
1059:
1043:
1036:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1008:
992:
988:
982:
966:
959:
943:
936:
920:
914:
898:
892:
876:
872:
866:
850:
844:
828:
822:
806:
800:
794:
792:
786:
770:
764:
749:
745:
738:
723:
719:
713:
711:
709:
692:
686:
684:
679:
667:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
544:proportionate
541:
540:Caroline test
537:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
463:
461:
453:
444:
442:
435:Organizations
432:
430:
426:
421:
419:
418:
413:
412:animal rights
409:
405:
401:
397:
387:
385:
381:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
289:
284:
274:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
231:
227:
217:
215:
210:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
186:
182:
177:
175:
174:
169:
164:
160:
159:
153:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
117:
115:
111:
107:
104:
100:
96:
92:
87:
84:
79:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:
31:
26:
22:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1245:
1241:
1228:
1216:. Retrieved
1212:the original
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1186:The Guardian
1185:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1160:The Militant
1159:
1149:
1140:
1132:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1095:(Boko Haram)
1084:
1058:
1046:. Retrieved
1035:
1023:. Retrieved
1016:
1007:
995:. Retrieved
991:the original
981:
969:. Retrieved
958:
946:. Retrieved
935:
923:. Retrieved
913:
901:. Retrieved
891:
879:. Retrieved
875:the original
865:
853:. Retrieved
843:
831:. Retrieved
821:
809:. Retrieved
799:
790:
785:
773:. Retrieved
763:
751:. Retrieved
747:
737:
725:. Retrieved
721:
695:. Retrieved
665:
502:demonstrator
459:
450:
438:
431:a militant.
422:
415:
400:supremacists
393:
372:
343:
341:
331:
327:
324:paramilitary
319:
315:
313:
305:armed forces
300:
292:
286:
282:
280:
256:
247:
243:
235:
234:
229:
225:
223:
211:
190:
189:
184:
183:person is a
180:
178:
171:
162:
156:
154:
149:
145:
137:
123:
120:As adjective
88:
82:
80:
63:
34:
33:
27:
25:
1341:Definitions
1191:1 September
1165:1 September
1048:13 November
1025:13 November
997:13 November
971:13 November
948:13 November
925:13 November
903:13 November
881:13 November
855:13 November
833:13 November
811:13 November
775:13 November
753:13 November
727:13 November
697:13 November
562:man-at-arms
472:belligerent
404:separatists
358:and racist
214:belligerent
168:Al Sharpton
38:is both an
1320:Categories
1218:4 November
829:. Ewtn.com
674:References
590:mujahideen
514:filibuster
423:Using the
352:occupation
344:terrorists
136:, defines
130:aggressive
103:Trotskyist
86:militant.
76:militiaman
56:aggressive
1306:150093217
1286:Politikon
771:. Ask.com
644:vigilante
608:protester
602:privateer
568:mercenary
550:insurgent
526:guerrilla
508:extremist
490:combatant
425:president
309:combatant
293:terrorist
288:guerrilla
244:terrorist
240:euphemism
99:terrorism
52:combative
40:adjective
1331:Activism
1268:Archived
1044:. Hnn.us
596:partisan
584:entryist
580:Militant
574:military
556:jihadist
496:crusader
466:activist
456:See also
320:militant
316:militant
301:Militant
283:militant
267:Al-Qaeda
265:such as
254:below.)
236:Militant
230:Militant
226:militant
191:Militant
181:militant
150:militant
146:militant
144:defines
138:militant
106:Militant
93:, armed
83:militant
64:militare
35:militant
1250:Bibcode
656:warrior
638:soldier
373:In the
360:régimes
220:As noun
68:militia
54:and/or
30:English
1304:
662:zealot
632:rioter
484:combat
126:active
95:combat
48:active
42:and a
1302:S2CID
1271:(PDF)
1238:(PDF)
620:rebel
114:devil
60:Latin
32:word
1242:Area
1220:2018
1193:2012
1167:2012
1050:2011
1027:2011
999:2011
973:2011
950:2011
927:2011
905:2011
883:2011
857:2011
835:2011
813:2011
777:2011
755:2011
729:2011
699:2011
364:arms
285:and
271:ISIS
269:and
242:for
128:and
72:fyrd
44:noun
28:The
1294:doi
1258:doi
1079:98.
650:war
330:or
322:to
246:or
1322::
1300:.
1290:45
1288:.
1266:.
1256:.
1246:47
1244:.
1240:.
1184:.
1158:.
1069:^
1015:.
746:.
720:.
707:^
682:^
402:,
354:,
311:.
224:A
201:.
176:.
97:,
50:,
1308:.
1296::
1260::
1252::
1222:.
1195:.
1169:.
1052:.
1029:.
1001:.
975:.
952:.
929:.
907:.
885:.
859:.
837:.
815:.
779:.
757:.
731:.
701:.
668:.
62:"
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.