Race and ethnicity in the United States

5186: 1163:

made it easier for a person of mixed European and Native American ancestry to be accepted as white; after a few generations of intermarriage, the offspring of Native and White Americans would no longer legally be considered Native American. They could have treaty rights to land, but because an individual with only one native great-grandparent was no longer was classified as Native American, they lost legal claim to their land under historical allotment rules, making it easier for White Americans to acquire the land for their own development. On the other hand, the same individual who could be denied legal standing in a tribe because he was "too White" to claim property rights might still have enough visually identifiable native ancestry to be considered socially as a "

5256: 5158: 496: 5200: 5312: 5326: 5143: 5101: 5073: 5382: 5034: 1774: 5368: 2377:

2000 US census. The overwhelming majority of African immigrants (~95%) identified instead with their own respective ethnicities. Self-designation as "African-American" or "Afro-American" was highest among individuals from West Africa (4–9%), and lowest among individuals from Cape Verde, East Africa, and Southern Africa (0–4%). Nonetheless, African immigrants often develop very successful professional and business working-relationships with African Americans. Immigrants from some Caribbean, Central American, and South American nations and their descendants may or may not also self-identify with the term "African American".

1338:" among persons with partial African descent) and "blood quantum" distinctions, which became increasingly detached from self-reported ancestry. By the standards used in early censuses, many mixed-race children born in the US were classified as of a different race than one of their biological parents, and even when these standards were no longer commonly accepted, the combination of social perceptions of race and self-identification with a racial identity frequently complicated legal standards of racial identity. Even people who did not identify as mixed faced the issue of unclear legal terminology; until the 2000 census, 3346: 3460: 5059: 56: 3452: 2476:, and other criteria. Some tribes have adopted the use of blood quantum, requiring members to have a certain percentage. The federal government requires individuals to certify documented blood quantum of ancestry for certain federal programs, such as education benefits, available to members of recognized tribes. Census takers accept any respondent's identification. Genetic scientists estimated that more than fifteen million other Americans, including African and Hispanic Americans (specifically those of Mexican heritage), may have up to one quarter of Native ancestry. 291: 2662:

the small settlement of Saint Malo, Louisiana, after fleeing mistreatment aboard Spanish ships. Since there were no Filipino women with them, these "Manilamen", as they were known, married Cajun and indigenous women. The first Japanese person to come to the United States, and stay any significant period of time was Nakahama Manjirō who reached the East Coast in 1841, and Joseph Heco became the first Japanese American naturalized US citizen in 1858. As with the new immigration from central and eastern Europe to the East Coast from the mid-19th century on,

5354: 4897: 4882: 5018: 5002: 9086: 446:(ACS), followed by the Northeast, at 64%. Non-Hispanic whites make up 73% of the Midwest's population, the highest proportion of any region, and they make up 62% of the population in the Northeast. At the same time, the regions with the smallest share of White Americans are the West, where they comprise 51.9%, and the South, where they comprise 57.7%. Non-Hispanic whites are a minority in the West, where they make up 47.1% of the population. In the South, non-Hispanic whites make up 54% of the population. 4927: 4912: 4867: 4852: 4957: 4942: 4837: 4822: 4972: 5403: 9094: 2904: 1226:

positions of power to take sexual advantage of enslaved black women, this meant that their offspring would be considered Black and were enslaved regardless of their parentage. However, most free Black American families listed in the censuses of 1790–1810 were descended from unions between White women and African men in colonial Virginia, from the years when working classes lived and worked closely together, and before slavery had hardened as a racial caste.

5270: 5228: 4807: 5242: 1075: 1972:). According to the US Census Bureau, the number of people in the US who reported American and no other ancestry increased from 12.4 million in 1990 to 20.2 million in 2000. This change in reporting represented the largest "growth" of any ethnic group in the United States during the 1990s, but it represented how people reported themselves more than growth through birth rates, for instance, and certainly did not reflect immigration. 5115: 5298: 5340: 5129: 5284: 1025:. Latin American countries are, like the United States, racially diverse. Consequently, no separate racial category exists for Hispanic and Latino Americans, as they do not constitute a race, nor a national group. When responding to the race question on the census form, each person is asked to choose from among the same racial categories as all Americans, and are included in the numbers reported for those races. 5214: 5172: 5087: 4987: 1234:", and "Indian". The inclusion of mulatto was a rare explicit acknowledgement of mixed race people, but that status was usually simplified into one race or another in actual society. Before the Civil War, states such as Virginia had a legal definition of whiteness that classified people as white if they were no more than 1/8th black. For example, if not born into slavery, 2077:

majority live in just 10 states; nearly a third live in California, New York, and Michigan. More Middle Eastern Americans live in California than any other state, with ethnic groups such as Arabs, Persians, and Armenians being a large percentage, but Middle Eastern Americans represent the highest percentage of the population of Michigan. In particular,

2253:, this number increased to 42 million when including multiracial African Americans, making up 13% of the total US population. African Americans make up the second largest group in the United States, but the third largest group after White Americans and Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race. The majority of the population (55%) lives in the 2841:, most notably between Whites and Blacks. However, this did little to stop interracial relationships. Demographers state that, due to new waves of immigration, the American people through the early 20th century were mostly multi-ethnic descendants of various immigrant nationalities, who maintained cultural distinctiveness until, over time, 1250:" was not adopted by Virginia and other states until the 20th century, but it classified persons with any known African ancestry as black. Passage of these laws was often encouraged by white supremacists and people promoting "racial purity", who disregarded the long history of multi-racial unions in the South. In other countries in the 2106:, separate from the "white" classification that these populations had previously sought in 1909. The expert groups felt that the earlier "White" designation no longer accurately represents MENA identity, so they successfully lobbied for a distinct categorization. This process does not currently include ethnoreligious groups such as 3205:

indicate that they are "other Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino". Origin can be viewed as the heritage, nationality group, lineage, or country of birth of the person, or the person's parents or ancestors, before their arrival in the United States. People who identify their origin as Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino may be of any race.

2585:. Of the 3.2 million Americans who identified as American Indian or Alaska Native alone in 2022, around 45% are of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, with this number growing as increasing numbers of Indigenous people from Latin American countries immigrate to the US and more Latinos self-identify with indigenous heritage. 2870:, there was an average of 0.7% West African genetic contribution and 3.2% Native American genetic contribution (with standard errors of 0.9% and 1.6% respectively). Most of the non-European admixture was concentrated in 30% of the sample, with West African admixture ranging from 2 to 20% with an average of 2.3%. 3293:

The Hispanic or Latino population is young and fast-growing, due to immigration and higher birth rates. For decades it has contributed significantly to US population increases, and this is expected to continue. The Census Bureau projects that by 2050, one-quarter of the population will be Hispanic or

3196:

number 59.8 million people, or 18.3% of the total US population as of 2018. The category includes people who are of full or partial Hispanic or Latino origin. They typically have origins in the Spanish-speaking nations of Latin America, although a few also come from other places (0.2% of Hispanic and

2877:

More recently, many different DNA studies have shown that many African Americans have European admixture, reflecting the long history in this country of the various populations. Proportions of European admixture in African-American DNA have been found in studies to be 17% and between 10.6% and 22.5%.

2661:

Filipinos have been in the territories that would become the United States since the 16th century. In 1635, an "East Indian" is listed in Jamestown, Virginia; preceding wider settlement of Indian immigrants on the East Coast in the 1790s and the West Coast in the 1800s. In 1763, Filipinos established

2376:

self-identify as "African-American" (as "African-American" is usually referring to Blacks with deeply rooted ancestry dating back to the US slave period as discussed in the previous paragraph.) On average, less than 5% of African residents self-reported as "African-American" or "Afro-American" in the

1225:

into slave law, saying that children of enslaved mothers were born into slavery as well. Under English common law, children's social status was determined by the father, not the mother, but the colonists considered enslaved Africans outside the category of English subjects. Although White men were in

1213:

system, classified all children with white fathers as "White", and excluded them as members of the tribe unless they were formally adopted by a male member. Tribal members might care for mixed-race children of White fathers, but they were considered outside the hereditary clan and kinship fundamental

449:

Currently, 55% of the African American population lives in the South. A plurality or majority of the other official groups reside in the West. The latter region is home to 42% of Hispanic and Latino Americans, 46% of Asian Americans, 48% of American Indians and Alaska Natives, 68% of Native Hawaiians

2856:

The multiracial population that is part White is the largest percentage of the multiracial population. As of the 2000 census, 7,015,017 people self-identified as White/American Indian and Alaskan Native, 737,492 as White/Black, 727,197 as White/Asian, and 125,628 as White/Native Hawaiian and Pacific

2690:

from 1898 to 1946. Exclusion laws and policies largely prohibited and curtailed Asian immigration until the 1940s. After the US changed its immigration laws during the 1940s to 1960s to make entry easier, a much larger new wave of immigration from Asia began. Today, the largest self-identified Asian

1269:

of the western hemisphere to the United States. It includes people who may have been considered racially distinct (black, white, native, or other mixed groups) in their home countries. Today, the word "Latino" is often used as a synonym for "Hispanic". Even if such categories were earlier understood

2873:

In 1958, Robert Stuckert produced a statistical analysis using historical census data and immigration statistics. He concluded that the growth in the White population could not be attributed solely to births in the White population and immigration from Europe, but was also due to people identifying

1967:

are still considered the largest ethnic group, despite the statistical errors caused by events such as the confusion in the 2000 census where many English and British Americans self-identified under the new category entry "American", thus considering themselves indigenous because their families had

1229:

In the United States, social and legal conventions developed over time by Whites classified individuals of mixed ancestry into simplified racial categories, but these were always flawed. The decennial censuses conducted since 1790, after slavery was well established in the United States, included a

2829:

numbered 7.0 million in 2008, or 2.3% of the population. They have identified as any combination of races (White, Black or African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and "some other race") and ethnicities. The US has a growing multiracial

2479:

Once thought to face extinction as a race or culture, Native Americans of numerous tribes have achieved revival of aspects of their cultures, and have fought to retain sovereignty and control of their own affairs for centuries. In recent years, many have started language programs to revive use of

2076:

in 2014 estimated a population of 3.6 million. US census population estimates are based on responses to the ancestry question on the census, which makes it difficult to accurately count Middle Eastern Americans. Though Middle Eastern American communities can be found in each of the 50 states, the

1174:

and a white person was considered black by the local communities, and would likely become a sharecropper as well, thus adding to the landholder or employer's labor force. Because the agricultural economy of the time benefited from using Black Americans as a labor force, it was advantageous for as

1162:

The descendants of Native and Black Americans not only had to contend with laws defining their racial identity for the benefit of the majority, but also with a variety of social consequences depending on how they were perceived in society. Compared to other mixed Americans, the blood quantum laws

3561:

with over 50,000 members, alone or in combination, according to estimates from the 2022 American Community Survey. The total population of the US according to the survey was 333,287,550, and 251,732,240 people reported an ancestry. Of these, 175,054,020 reported a single ancestry, and 76,678,224

3204:

For Census 2000, American Community Survey: People who identify with the terms "Hispanic" or "Latino" are those who classify themselves in one of the specific Hispanic or Latino categories listed on the Census 2000 or ACS questionnaire ("Mexican," "Puerto Rican," or "Cuban") as well as those who

2889:

notes that "although genetic analyses of large numbers of loci can produce estimates of the percentage of a person's ancestors coming from various continental populations, these estimates may assume a false distinctiveness of the parental populations, since human groups have exchanged mates from

2752:

numbered approximately 656,400 in 2019, or 0.2% of the population. Additionally, nearly as many individuals identify themselves as having partial Native Hawaiian ancestry, for a total of 829,949 people of full or part Native Hawaiian ancestry. This group constitutes the smallest minority in the

1930:

of 1965. If current trends continue, non-Hispanic Whites will drop below 50% of the overall US population by 2050. White Americans overall (non-Hispanic Whites together with White Hispanics, along with many of those identified as "some other race" who are reclassified as White for Census Bureau

681:

In the census, people are asked about their racial identity, including their origins, and whether or not they are of Hispanic ethnicity. These categories are sociopolitical constructs and should not be interpreted as being scientific or anthropological in nature. They have been changed from one

7727:

The Office of Management and Budget is undertaking related mid-decade research for coding and classifying detailed national origins and ethnic groups, and is considering adding a Middle Eastern or North African checkbox in a combined race and ethnicity question. Our consultations with external

3285:

populations. The population of Hispanic Americans that has received a college education is also growing; in 2015, 40% of Hispanic Americans age 25 and older have had a college experience, but in 2000, the percentage was at a low 30%. Among US states, California houses the largest population of

1242:

would have been classified as legally white, as they were 7/8ths White by ancestry. Three of the four surviving children entered white society as adults, and their descendants have identified as white. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, people of mixed race often migrated to frontiers where

2093:

petitioned the Department of Commerce's Minority Business Development Agency to designate the MENA populations as a minority/disadvantaged community. Following consultations with MENA organizations, the US Census Bureau announced in 2014 that it would establish a new MENA ethnic category for

1135:

heritage, African heritage, and European heritage were considered to belong to different races. For nearly three centuries, the criteria for membership in these groups were similar; a person's appearance, their social circle (how they lived), and ancestry were all considered by society when

704:

No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that address: (1) combined question for race and ethnicity; (2) adding a "Middle Eastern or North African (MENA)" category; and (3) collecting additional detail to enable data disaggregation.

2961:'s crime statistics), but also the Bureau's own official Population Estimates, omit the "some other race" category and include most of the people in this group in the White population, thus including the vast majority (about 90%) of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the White population. 3302:

The ancestry of the people of the United States is widely varied and includes descendants of populations from around the world. In addition to its variation, the ancestry of people in the United States is also marked by varying amounts of intermarriage between ethnic and racial groups.

4786:

regard the reported number of English Americans as a statistical error, as the index of inconsistency is high and many, if not most, Americans from English stock have a tendency to identify simply as Americans, or, if of mixed European ancestry, with a different European ethnic group.

3236:

The Hispanic and Latino population in the United States has reached 58 million as of 2016, and has been the principal driver of United States demographic growth since 2000. Mexicans make up most of the Hispanic and Latino population at 35,758,000. The United States also has large

1333:

Throughout American history, efforts to classify the increasingly mixed population of the United States into discrete categories have generated many difficulties. Early efforts to track mixing between groups led to a proliferation of historical categories (such as "mulatto" and

6744:

Race and Hispanic origin are two separate concepts in the federal statistical system. People who are Hispanic may be of any race. People in each race group may be either Hispanic or Not Hispanic. Each person has two attributes, their race (or races) and whether or not they are

9519: 1254:, where mixing among groups was overtly more extensive, social categories have tended to be more numerous and fluid. In some cases, people may move into or out of categories on the basis of a combination of socioeconomic status, social class, ancestry, and appearance. 2760:

Some demographers believe that by 2025, the last full-blooded Native Hawaiian will die off, leaving a culturally distinct but racially mixed population. However, throughout Hawaii, they are working to preserve and assert adaptation of Native Hawaiian customs and the

2088:

The US Census Bureau is still finalizing the ethnic classification of MENA populations. Middle Eastern Americans are currently counted as racially White on the census, although many do not identify as such. In 2012, prompted in part by post-9/11 discrimination, the

2249:. According to the 2009 American Community Survey, there were 38,093,725 Black and African Americans in the United States, representing 12.4% of the population. There were 37,144,530 non-Hispanic Blacks, which comprised 12.1% of the population. According to the 2865:

A 2002 study found an average of 18.6% European genetic contribution and 2.7% Native American genetic contribution (with standard errors of 1.5% and 1.4% respectively) in a sample of 232 African Americans. Meanwhile, in a sample of 187 European Americans from

7728:

experts on the Asian community have also suggested Sikh receive a unique code classified under Asian. The Census Bureau does not currently tabulate on religious responses to the race or ethnic questions (e.g., Sikh, Jewish, Catholic, Muslim, Lutheran, etc.).

5624:" on census and other forms; people who report more than one of the foregoing six options are classified as people of "two or more races" in subsequent processing. Any respondent may identify with any number (including all six) of the racial categories. 9061: 1938:

Although a high proportion of the population is known to have multiple ancestries, in the 2000 US census, the first with the option to choose more than one, most people still identified with one racial category. In the 2000 census, self-identified

2233:, the grouping includes individuals who self-identify as African American and are descended from Africans that were forcibly relocated to the United States and enslaved, as well as those who recently and voluntarily emigrated from nations in the 6576: 1894:. However, those identifying as White alone or in combination (including multiracial White Americans) are the majority in every state except for Hawaii, along with being a majority in the territory of Puerto Rico. As of the 2020 US census, 2722:

Not all of Asian Americans' ancestors directly migrated from their country of origin to the US. For example, more than 270,000 people from Guyana, a South American country, reside in the US, but a predominant number of Guyanese people are

7873: 2874:

as White who were partly Black. He concluded that 21% of White Americans had some recent African-American ancestors and that the majority of Americans of known African descent were partly European and not entirely sub-Saharan African.

442:. Those identifying as white alone or in combination (including multiracial white Americans) are the majority in every state except for Hawaii. The region with the highest proportion of White Americans is the Midwest, at 74.6% per the 2292:

had slavery, but it was usually in the form of personal servants in the North (where 2% of the population were enslaved), and field hands in plantations in the South (where 25% were enslaved); by the beginning of the

2241:. Both groups of people may also identify as Black or some other written-in race. However, some immigrants from the continent of Africa do not identify as Black and are not socially perceived as such, such as the 1968:

resided in the US for so long, or, if of mixed European ancestry, identified with a more recent and differentiated ethnic group. 7.2% of the population listed their ancestry as American on the 2000 census (see

1925:

The non-Hispanic White percentage of the 50 states and District of Columbia (60.1% in 2019) has been decreasing since the mid-20th century as a result of changes made in immigration policy, most notably the

7870: 8363: 4800:

These images display frequencies of self-reported ancestries, as of the 2000 US census. Regional African ancestries are not listed, though an African American map has been added from another source.

6916: 6310: 6264: 7117: 6299: 1987:, much fewer in number and settling in the eastern English colonies in the late 1600s and early 1700s, needed to assimilate into the majority culture and have intermarried over generations. Some 8487: 5547:

For the 2000 census, this includes people who indicated their race or races as "Black, African Am., or Negro", or wrote in entries such as African American, Afro American, Nigerian, or Haitian.

1565:

Forced removal of more than one million African Americans in the domestic slave trade from the Upper South to the Deep South during the early 19th century as Americans developed new lands for

9142: 7128: 6375: 2488:

on their sovereign land to raise revenues for economic development, as well as to promote the education and welfare of their people through health care and construction of improved housing.

2072:

There are an estimated 3.5 million Middle Eastern Americans according to the US Census Bureau in 2020 comprising 1.06% of the population and including both Arab and non-Arab Americans. The

1139:

The motivations behind historical definitions of racial identity, especially Native American and black identities, have been the topic of much discussion in modern years. According to many

6343: 2623:, forming 37.6% of the islands' people. This makes Hawaii the state with the highest percentage of Asian Americans. Although they were historically first concentrated in Hawaii and the 2461: 2457:

customers, genomes of self-reported African Americans averaged to 0.8% Native American ancestry, those of European Americans averaged to 0.18%, and those of Latinos averaged to 18.0%.

2266: 1202:, in which they assigned mixed-race children to the lower-status groups. However, they were often ignorant of the systems of social classification within Native American tribes. The 3318:, these are often first, second and third-generation Americans. Generally, the degree of mixed heritage increases the longer people's ancestors have lived in the United States (see 1947:

at 12%, as reported in the 2000 census. This makes German and Irish the largest and second-largest self-reported ancestry groups in the United States. Both groups had high rates of

2342: 1310:

revealed that Native Americans had reached their highest documented population, 4.5 million, since the US was founded in 1776. In some cases, immigrants and migrants have formed

532:

including people of two or more races; a category called "some other race" was also used in the census and other surveys, but is not official. In the 2000 census and subsequent

5436: 2833:

While the colonies and southern states protected White fathers by making all children born to slave mothers be classified as slaves, regardless of paternity, they also banned

1358: 8890:

Parra, Esteban J.; Marcini, Amy; Akey, Joshua; Martinson, Jeremy; Batzer, Mark A.; Cooper, Richard; Forrester, Terrence; Allison, David B.; Deka, Ranjan; Ferrell, Robert E.;

7275: 1179:

agree that the 20th century notion of invisible blackness shifted the color line in the direction of paleness, and "expanded" the labor force in response to Southern blacks'

9444: 2205:"Individuals with origins in any of the original peoples of the Middle East or North Africa, including, for example, Lebanese, Iranian, Egyptian, Syrian, Iraqi, and Israeli. 1544: 8377: 7890:

Grieco, Elizabeth M.; Acosta, Yesenia D.; de la Cruz, G. Patricia; Gamino, Christina; Gryn, Thomas; Larsen, Luke J.; Trevelyan, Edward N.; Walters, Nathan P. (May 2012).

5534:(MENA) organizations, the Census Bureau announced in 2014 that it would establish a new MENA ethnic category for populations from the Middle East, North Africa, and the 7517: 8344: 7979: 6602:"U.S. Office of Management and Budget's Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity" 9579: 2054:, and other West Asians are reported as White in the United States census, as a result of a federal court case from 1909, even though most do not identify as White. 1547:

of Native American populations in the contiguous United States, largely due to new infectious diseases carried by European colonists combined with genocidal warfare

9715: 7454: 1096: 391:

inquired about the "ancestry" of residents, while the 2020 census allowed people to enter their "origins". The Census Bureau also classified respondents as either

7740: 7711: 9658: 2460:

The legal and official designation of who is Native American has aroused controversy by demographers, tribal nations, and government officials for many decades.

2181:. As of December 2015, the sampling strata for the new MENA category includes the Census Bureau's working classification of 19 MENA groups, as well as Armenian, 1147:. Racial distinctions generally had little to do with biology and more to do with the history of slavery, the systemic racism it produced, and specific forms of 6577:"OMB Publishes Revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity | OMB" 2943:, two large multiracial groups in most of the countries of origin of Hispanic and Latino Americans. However, many other responses are captured by the category. 2491:

Today, more than 800,000 to one million persons claim Cherokee descent in part or as full-bloods; of these, an estimated 300,000 live in California, 160,000 in

1575:

policy of the 19th century displaced many remaining native populations from east of the Mississippi River to territories to the west, especially to what is now

5441: 2946:

In 2008, 15 million people, nearly five percent of the total US population, were estimated to be "some other race", with 95% of them being Hispanic or Latino.

2334: 319: 9242: 7146: 1092: 9036: 6652: 2082: 1895: 225: 8475:

The researchers found that European-Americans had genomes that were on average 98.6 percent European, .19 percent African, and .18 percent Native American.

6702: 6390: 7132: 7121: 6924: 6470: 6318: 6303: 6272: 9116: 5575:, which are generally considered to be categories of multi-racial ancestry (see below), but, write-in entries reported in the 2000 census also included 2581:

and not the United States, they are nevertheless considered Native American people per census guidelines, which includes any indigenous people from the

6351: 1605:

from Europe, especially in the 19th century, which created ethnic enclaves in many eastern cities and settling many rural areas east of the Mississippi

1566: 450:

and Other Pacific Islanders, 37% of the "two or more races" population (multiracial Americans), and 46% of those self-designated as "some other race".

7961: 5185: 280: 2288:

and released them after a number of years. This practice was gradually replaced by the system of race-based slavery used in the Caribbean. All the

8734: 8262: 2853:

through the 20th century gained passage of important legislation to enforce constitutional rights of minorities, including multiracial Americans.

7573: 17: 11782: 5255: 5157: 954: 837: 529: 486: 396: 352: 10554: 9572: 7930: 7203: 2450: 1707:, in which Black Americans moved to Northern, Midwestern, and Western cities in order to seek economic opportunity and escape racial violence 1170:

The 20th century one-drop rule made it relatively difficult for anyone of known black ancestry to be accepted as white. The child of a black

1064: 8847:

Collins-Schramm, Heather E. (2002). "Markers that Discriminate Between European and African Ancestry Show Limited Variation Within Africa".

9206: 2465: 1198:

Over the centuries, as whites wielded social and political power over people of color in the United States, they created a social order of

9534: 7225: 5199: 1270:

as racial categories, today they have begun to represent ethnolinguistic categories, regardless of perceived race. Similarly, the prefix "

1159:

rule of black identity, enforced legally in the early 20th century, enabled them to preserve their agricultural labor force in the South.

12827: 9725: 9693: 9623: 6888: 6003: 5975: 5950: 5922: 5894: 5866: 5838: 5311: 2090: 1588: 1286:

descent. A similar phenomenon of ethnolinguistic identity can historically (and in some cases contemporarily) be seen in the case of the

8231: 2615:

population, which comprised 19.36 million people, or 5.9% of the US population, in 2019. In 2019, 6.12 million Asian Americans lived in

12822: 7790: 7672: 6626: 6203: 6178: 6153: 6128: 6103: 6078: 6053: 6028: 5814: 5142: 2687: 1627: 1143:, these racial designations were a means to concentrate power, wealth, privilege and land in the hands of white people in a society of 312: 3286:

Latinos. In 2019, 15.56 million lived in California. As of 2019, the US territory with the largest percentage of Hispanics/Latinos is

2658:) – as of 2010, Guam's population was 32.2% Asian, and the population of the Northern Mariana Islands was 49.9% Asian. 12310: 10866: 9418: 9393: 9368: 9343: 9318: 9293: 9268: 8633: 8553: 5704: 1704: 9743: 6536: 2445:, made up 2.9% of the population in 2020, numbering 3.7 million. An additional 5.9 million persons declared part-American Indian or 1195:) considered the one-drop rule a consequence of the need to justify the oppression of Black Americans and define whiteness as pure. 9983: 9643: 9597: 9565: 2886: 2373: 1596: 9188: 9165: 6520: 5325: 9842: 9710: 6441: 6416: 1927: 1592: 1529: 686: 8895: 8126: 1217:

The social construction of hypodescent also related to the racial caste system associated with slavery. It was made explicit by

10072: 9683: 9663: 9653: 9618: 7771: 5481: 5100: 2949:

Due to this category's non-standard status, statistics from government agencies other than the Census Bureau (for example, the

2663: 2015:

origins, each of which are multi-ethnic nations. Hispanic immigration has increased from nations of Central and South America.

1608: 5033: 2916: 2811:

was 34.9% Pacific Islander. Out of all US states/territories, American Samoa has the highest percentage of Pacific Islanders.

1599:, which denied various entry due to discrimination, economic protectionism, and political conflict with their nation of origin 1342:

were required to identify as one race on censuses, and without the option to select Latino or Hispanic, confusion flourished.

11025: 9988: 9638: 5451: 5421: 5072: 4933: 4918: 3913: 3420: 3064: 2954: 2442: 2429: 1132: 984: 822: 582: 364: 305: 239: 8348: 7891: 12770: 9959: 9758: 9688: 9673: 8767: 8502: 8013: 7983: 5381: 5367: 1498: 1450: 1036:

Americans. For example: the White or European American race category contains Non-Hispanic Whites and Hispanic Whites (see

178: 4896: 4881: 693:

finalized the update of its EEO-1 report format and guidelines concerning the definitions of racial or ethnic categories.

12247: 11834: 11009: 10251: 10244: 10182: 9971: 9857: 9698: 8106: 7766: 7417: 6756: 5486: 5431: 3084: 3044: 2067: 1956: 1935:) are projected to continue as the majority, at 72.6% (or 264 million out of 364 million) in 2060, from currently 75.5%. 1806: 1693: 1507: 1464: 1045: 1041: 1037: 714: 8152: 7472: 2753:

United States. More than half identify as "full-blooded", but historically most Native Hawaiians on the island chain of

1922:, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands. 1155:

laws defining Native American identity enabled whites to acquire indigenous lands during the allotment process, and the

12832: 12227: 12222: 12203: 12198: 12185: 10099: 10025: 9976: 9954: 9773: 9633: 9143:"B03001 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY SPECIFIC ORIGIN - United States - 2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates" 5466: 3545: 2438: 2004: 1700: 1489: 1362: 1327: 1180: 8322: 6763:

Vol. 19, edited by Albert Watkins, Nebraska State Historical Society, 1919, p. 64, at GenNet, accessed August 25, 2011

3229:(2.31 million). In addition, there are 3.19 million people living in Puerto Rico who are excluded from the count (see 10938: 9810: 9753: 9705: 9628: 9588: 9454: 8272: 8136: 8113: 8079: 8046: 7657: 7632: 6802: 5426: 4473: 2322: 1346: 1118: 690: 490: 260: 110: 9246: 7154: 495: 12296: 12252: 12232: 9889: 9847: 9832: 9648: 8527: 8364:"1. The Caribbean is the largest origin source of Black immigrants, but fastest growth is among African immigrants" 5491: 5456: 5058: 3322:). There are several means available to discover the ancestry of the people living in the United States, including 2776: 2647: 2504: 2481: 1948: 454: 9489:

Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',

8503:"Census Bureau Releases 2020 Census Data for Nearly 1,500 Detailed Race and Ethnicity Groups, Tribes and Villages" 8459: 7344:

Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns',

12291: 12211: 9899: 9837: 9502:

Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, "Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites",

7357:

Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites',

6554: 5708: 5511: 5017: 5001: 2958: 2716: 2624: 2230: 1932: 1637:, which restricted the western boundary of European settlement to the watershed east of the Appalachian Mountains 1616: 697: 255: 208: 193: 188: 115: 7813: 7251: 12421: 12257: 9944: 9919: 9800: 9720: 9613: 6706: 1687: 1100: 718: 152: 77: 4926: 4911: 4866: 4851: 2935:

In the 2000 census, the non-standard category of "Other" was especially intended to capture responses such as

12334: 12281: 12271: 12237: 11461: 9780: 9748: 9735: 5501: 5476: 5024: 5008: 4015: 3193: 2970: 1339: 1018: 909: 762: 392: 213: 183: 94: 9062:"B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE – United States – 2018 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates" 8401:

Bryc, Katarzyna; Durand, Eric Y.; Macpherson, J. Michael; Reich, David; Mountain, Joanna L. (January 2015).

4956: 4941: 4836: 4821: 3197:

Latino Americans were born in Asia, for example). The group is heterogeneous in race and national ancestry.

2468:

set their own membership requirements; tribal enrollment may require residency on a reservation, documented

2110:, as the Bureau only tabulates these groups as followers of religions rather than members of ethnic groups. 2018:

There are a substantial number of White Americans who are of Eastern and Southern European descent, such as

1243:

societies were more open, and they might be accepted as white if they satisfied obligations of citizenship.

11531: 9852: 9785: 9678: 8038:

Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South

5531: 5506: 5446: 5416: 4495: 2277: 1891: 1511: 1409: 701: 521: 474: 157: 125: 72: 41: 9548: 7840: 12386: 12286: 12081: 11961: 11797: 11772: 11568: 9924: 9523: 9213: 9014: 8713: 8655: 8648:"B02012. NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND OTHER PACIFIC ISLANDER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH ONE OR MORE OTHER RACES" 8586: 7795: 7150: 6816: 6732: 6681: 5674: 5496: 5353: 5052:

These images display frequencies of self-reported European American ancestries as of the 2000 US census.

2950: 2867: 1786: 1151:

that benefited from specific definitions of racial identity. For example, it has been suggested that the

533: 337: 230: 203: 6606:

U.S. Office of Management and Budget Interagency Technical Working Group on Race and Ethnicity Standards

12304: 12276: 11553: 9795: 8738: 4903: 4888: 3124: 2769: 2749: 2740: 2294: 2258: 1996: 1831: 1634: 1458: 1266: 999: 852: 643: 403: 380: 347:

population. At the federal level, race and ethnicity have been categorized separately. The most recent

198: 147: 120: 9120: 4806: 2666:

in large numbers in the 19th century. This first major wave of immigration consisted predominantly of

2193:

groups. The new category will identify "Israeli" as a choice and raises questions as to how the large

12352: 12066: 11777: 11744: 11388: 10878: 10478: 9087:"United States – Selected Population Profile in the United States (Hispanic or Latino (of any race))" 8403:"The Genetic Ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States" 6474: 3210: 2606: 2570: 2362: 2250: 1472: 1307: 618: 525: 509: 443: 388: 250: 6377:

American FactFinder. 2010 U.S. Virgin Islands Demographic Profile Data. Retrieved November 29, 2019.

12441: 11792: 11767: 10563: 10410: 10159: 10109: 10050: 9827: 8179: 7841:

Sonya Tastogi; Tallese D. Johnson; Elizabeth M. Hoeffel; Malcolm P. Drewery, Jr. (September 2011).

6949: 2808: 2788: 2655: 2358: 2063: 1883: 1835: 1602: 1399: 549: 466: 407: 270: 9010: 7938: 4971: 12323: 12315: 12160: 11827: 11729: 11336: 10888: 10087: 10003: 9217: 8823: 6729:"U.S. Census Bureau Guidance on the Presentation and Comparison of Race and Hispanic Origin Data" 5568: 5461: 3558: 3218: 2073: 1988: 1365: 1287: 1222: 1085: 9528:

For additional county-level US maps on a wide range of ethnic and nationality groups, visit the

6728: 5667: 1992: 1773: 1040:); the Black or African American category contains Non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanic Blacks (see 12556: 11904: 11516: 10114: 9949: 9820: 9529: 5317: 4140: 4021: 3934: 3358: 3345: 2485: 2346: 2326: 2254: 1952: 1839: 1556: 682:

census to another, and the racial categories include both "racial" and national origin groups.

411: 6805: 3459: 3342:

schedules; in practice, only few of these have been used for a larger part of the population.

1650: 665:: respondents wrote how they identified themselves if different from the preceding categories. 387:. The United States also recognizes the broader notion of ethnicity. The 2000 census and 2010 12581: 12371: 12265: 11872: 11696: 11613: 11578: 11573: 11474: 10933: 10908: 10645: 10608: 10530: 10378: 10373: 9993: 9894: 9668: 9542: 8239: 8205: 8071: 6537:"Introduction to Race and Ethnic (Hispanic Origin) Data for the Census 2000 Special EEO File" 5563:. This is not a standard OMB race category. Responses have included mixed-race terms such as 5269: 5227: 5039: 4075: 3442: 3306:

While some Americans can trace their ancestry back to a single ethnic group or population in

3025: 2850: 2842: 2826: 2820: 2679: 2602: 2366: 2262: 2186: 1843: 1591:

from all countries of the world for religious, political and economic reasons, influenced by

1188: 939: 807: 673: 614: 415: 384: 7842: 7455:"Arab Americans, others of Middle Eastern descent say Census forms make them feel invisible" 7387: 7181: 6445: 2280:

within the boundaries of the present United States. The first West Africans were brought to

55: 12801: 12733: 12718: 12626: 12456: 12339: 12091: 12061: 12056: 11894: 11889: 11882: 11686: 11676: 11666: 11656: 11608: 11499: 11494: 11489: 11479: 10918: 10893: 10883: 10737: 10650: 10540: 10510: 10464: 10317: 10305: 10154: 10092: 9964: 7686: 6842: 5712: 5408: 5275: 5241: 5233: 4678: 4543: 4511: 4282: 4163: 3998: 3950: 3339: 3282: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3258: 3242: 3226: 2838: 2704: 2598: 2318: 2285: 2174: 1846:) and 44 out of 50 states. White Americans of one race are not a majority in the states of 1755:

For demographics by specific ethnic groups rather than general race, see "Ancestry" below.

1680: 1655: 1537: 1518: 1375: 610: 517: 348: 295: 8896:"Estimating African American Admixture Proportions by Use of Population- Specific Alleles" 8607: 7814:"Race, Ethnicity, and Language data – Standardization for Health Care Quality Improvement" 3451: 2297:, a fifth of the total population was enslaved. During the revolution, some served in the 2034:. Eastern Europeans immigrated to the United States more recently than Western Europeans. 8: 12765: 12661: 12656: 12543: 12461: 12086: 11877: 11681: 11651: 11641: 11631: 11511: 11405: 11004: 10997: 10975: 10953: 10948: 10851: 10784: 10588: 10525: 10495: 10447: 10437: 10390: 10361: 10351: 10332: 10060: 10035: 9998: 9929: 9914: 9909: 9805: 7424: 6540: 5705:"Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity" 5373: 5283: 5247: 5205: 5191: 4733: 4630: 4401: 4298: 4250: 3982: 3881: 3775: 3677: 3278: 3246: 3238: 2405: 2281: 2113:

According to the Arab American Institute, countries of origin for Arab Americans include

2012: 1814: 1802: 1560: 632: 220: 135: 130: 5114: 1221:

and other colonies' laws as early as 1662. Virginia incorporated the Roman principle of

12641: 12601: 12596: 12501: 12446: 12391: 12076: 11971: 11924: 11899: 11867: 11820: 11704: 11671: 11661: 11636: 11545: 11484: 11469: 11454: 10923: 10903: 10836: 10814: 10794: 10772: 10727: 10722: 10717: 10704: 10660: 10640: 10635: 10598: 10573: 10500: 10442: 10405: 10356: 10341: 10219: 10207: 10192: 10164: 10149: 10139: 10124: 10104: 10082: 10055: 10030: 10008: 9939: 9904: 8987: 8962: 8923: 8872: 8798: 8435: 8402: 7327: 7311: 6517: 6496: 5621: 5331: 5297: 5289: 4749: 4717: 4591: 4559: 4330: 4314: 4218: 4083: 4067: 4063: 3849: 3827: 3794: 3536: 3430: 3374: 3262: 3250: 2846: 2765:

by establishing cultural schools solely for legally Native Hawaiian students and more.

2712: 2696: 2515: 2397: 2338: 2330: 2314: 2238: 2190: 2158: 2078: 2051: 1768: 1666: 1645: 1314:; in others, this mixture of races has created ethnically diverse communities. Earlier 1279: 1218: 1152: 575: 545: 9207:"Projected Population of the United States, by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 to 2050" 2627:, Asian Americans now live across the country, living and working in large numbers in 2573:, the largest self-identified Native American group not combined with another race is 1999:

have had, in part, direct Spanish ancestry; most self-reported White Hispanics are of

1621:

Immigration from Mexico and Latin America, which has strongly influenced the Southwest

1306:

is noted as a partial factor for US population gains in the last quarter-century. The

12723: 12636: 12621: 12606: 12566: 12561: 12551: 12486: 12376: 12366: 12096: 11762: 11646: 11588: 11521: 10980: 10965: 10958: 10928: 10898: 10873: 10861: 10819: 10799: 10789: 10762: 10757: 10752: 10747: 10742: 10692: 10687: 10675: 10665: 10655: 10593: 10578: 10520: 10515: 10483: 10452: 10415: 10400: 10383: 10366: 10310: 10288: 10261: 10202: 10134: 10129: 10119: 10077: 10065: 9934: 9884: 9450: 8992: 8936: 8928: 8864: 8790: 8706: 8488:"Research Guides and Class Pages: Native American & Indigenous Studies: Cherokee" 8440: 8422: 8295: 8268: 8132: 8109: 8075: 8064: 8042: 7653: 7628: 7319: 6863: 6798: 5754: 5359: 5339: 5303: 5128: 5120: 5106: 4977: 4873: 4858: 4813: 4765: 4646: 4417: 4363: 4180: 4134: 4102: 3865: 3769: 3696: 3671: 3639: 3623: 3586: 3527: 3518: 3509: 3491: 3254: 3214: 2762: 2692: 2671: 2469: 2289: 2222: 2217: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2027: 2019: 2000: 1969: 1964: 1960: 1817: 1810: 1781:

White and European Americans are the majority of people living in the United States.

1502: 1372:

peoples in several waves over thousands of years, beginning at least 15,000 years ago

1044:); the Asian American category contains Non-Hispanic Asians and Hispanic Asians (see 924: 777: 570: 360: 11378: 11192: 9557: 8876: 7542: 7331: 290: 12693: 12688: 12571: 12135: 12118: 12108: 12004: 11598: 11593: 11583: 11563: 11242: 11120: 11040: 10970: 10943: 10913: 10841: 10824: 10732: 10682: 10628: 10623: 10613: 10549: 10457: 10430: 10420: 10395: 10346: 10293: 10278: 10273: 10268: 10256: 10214: 10197: 10187: 10171: 10144: 10045: 10040: 9763: 9552: 8982: 8974: 8918: 8910: 8856: 8802: 8782: 8430: 8414: 7301: 7204:"Methodology, Assumptions, and Inputs for the 2023 National Population Projections" 5345: 5261: 5213: 5171: 5163: 5148: 5134: 5086: 5078: 4662: 4575: 4433: 4202: 4118: 4071: 3810: 3734: 3728: 3712: 3607: 3473: 3435: 3425: 3415: 3407: 3386: 3369: 2984: 2745: 2736: 2708: 2700: 2675: 2667: 2302: 2298: 2182: 2023: 1976: 1940: 1871: 1738: 1714: 1484: 1417: 1379: 1235: 1184: 639: 376: 344: 173: 8528:"Analysis | The Native American population exploded, the census shows. Here's why" 7902: 7147:"Texas Becomes Nation's Newest "Majority-Minority" State, Census Bureau Announces" 7095: 7080: 7065: 7050: 7035: 7008: 6993: 6978: 6234:"B03002. Hispanic or Latino Origin by Race – Universe: Total Population by region" 1679:

African Americans escaping from slavery prior to the Civil War, sometimes via the

1131:

Since the concept of race became widespread in the early United States, people of

12728: 12674: 12646: 12586: 12521: 12476: 12416: 12150: 12145: 12123: 12051: 11558: 11506: 11147: 11110: 11065: 10992: 10856: 10846: 10809: 10804: 10777: 10712: 10618: 10603: 10583: 10505: 10488: 10469: 10425: 10327: 10322: 10298: 10283: 10239: 9815: 9538: 9476:

Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?',

8891: 8763: 8036: 8005: 7675:

Wiltz, Teresea. USA Today. Published October 7, 2014. Accessed December 14, 2015.

7621: 6524: 5471: 5387: 5219: 5177: 5092: 5064: 4986: 4963: 4948: 4843: 4828: 4695: 4527: 4385: 4346: 4234: 4079: 3966: 3897: 3655: 3500: 3400: 3364: 3222: 3104: 2804: 2612: 2594: 2496: 2269:

of African Americans is the US Virgin Islands (76% African American as of 2010).

2031: 2008: 1944: 1824: 1764: 1391: 1275: 1192: 1148: 1144: 1017:

The question on Hispanic or Latino origin is separate from the question on race.

969: 894: 792: 747: 606: 595: 541: 372: 356: 265: 140: 8963:"The Use of Racial, Ethnic, and Ancestral Categories in Human Genetics Research" 1651:

Settlement of Utah by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

1429: 1055:

not Hispanic or Latino is neither explicitly allowed nor explicitly prohibited.

875:

2020 US census, spreading Latino / Hispanic based on their racial identification

12760: 12750: 12713: 12651: 12631: 12576: 12170: 12140: 11999: 11966: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11739: 11400: 11353: 11217: 11212: 11177: 11162: 10767: 10568: 10535: 10020: 10015: 8418: 8345:"Lewis Mumford Center Census 2000 Metropolitan Racial and Ethnic Change Series" 8131:. Volume 55 of Contributions in American history. Greenwood Press. p. 70. 7776: 4992: 4450: 4057: 3393: 3379: 2879: 2792: 2780: 2500: 2446: 2433: 2310: 2306: 2035: 1875: 1690:, which promoted urbanization of what was previously a largely agrarian society 1572: 1541:, which brought millions of Africans to the South, Caribbean, and Latin America 1387: 1369: 1311: 1283: 1207: 1140: 628: 586: 458: 457:

is fairly homogeneous, though each comprises a different primary ethnic group.

368: 8860: 8786: 8323:"African Immigrants in the United States: Implications for Affirmative Action" 7428: 6674: 3350: 2200:

The new question on the US census will identify the MENA category to include:

12816: 12740: 12698: 12491: 12436: 12411: 12406: 12175: 12130: 12024: 11951: 11931: 11445: 11316: 11264: 11252: 11247: 11237: 11227: 11222: 11142: 11115: 11105: 11100: 11095: 10670: 9790: 8426: 7877: 3753: 3230: 2834: 2796: 2773: 2724: 2644: 2628: 2542:) Nation, with distinct federally recognized tribes located in the states of 2535: 2531: 2511: 2354: 2194: 1830:

As of 2022, White Americans are the majority in every census-defined region (

1641: 1468: 1323: 1247: 1239: 1230:

classification of persons by race, with the categories of "White", "Black", "

1176: 1171: 1156: 599: 591: 333: 4139:(Including responses of "Spaniard", "Spanish", and "Spanish American". Many 2682:

immigrants. Many immigrants also came during and after this period from the

12775: 12708: 12591: 12533: 12526: 12481: 12426: 12357: 12165: 12155: 12103: 12041: 12029: 12019: 12009: 11994: 11946: 11862: 11425: 11301: 11085: 8996: 8960: 8868: 8794: 8444: 7931:"2010 Census Shows Black Population has Highest Concentration in the South" 7791:"What Updates to OMB's Race/Ethnicity Standards Mean for the Census Bureau" 5584: 4611: 3331: 2563: 2559: 2380:

Recent African immigrants in the United States come from countries such as

2246: 2162: 2099: 1798: 1782: 1731: 1727: 1660: 1493: 1461:, and Puerto Rico, which are all today considered part of the United States 1319: 1203: 708: 563: 513: 8932: 7937:. United States Department of Commerce. September 29, 2011. Archived from 7871:

United States – ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2009

7601: 7323: 2643:, and other major urban centers. There are also many Asians living in two 12703: 12511: 12496: 12471: 12401: 12071: 12046: 12036: 12014: 11941: 11420: 11341: 11321: 11207: 11080: 10985: 6572: 5592: 5576: 4025: 3566:

Hispanic groups are not distinguished between total and partial ancestry

3319: 3287: 2730: 2683: 2473: 2273: 2095: 1887: 1794: 1480: 1413: 1315: 1299: 1265:

emerged in the 20th century, with the rise of migration of laborers from

1199: 559: 470: 7540: 2903: 12785: 12780: 12755: 12683: 12616: 12506: 11956: 11383: 11326: 11157: 7473:"3.5 Million Reported Middle Eastern and North African Descent in 2020" 7315: 6776: 5535: 4783: 4144: 3464: 2616: 2523: 2242: 2103: 1980: 1915: 1899: 1859: 1851: 1303: 1164: 1103: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 656: 536:

surveys, Americans self-described as belonging to these racial groups:

431: 423: 275: 11430: 11182: 9037:"Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census" 8824:"Robert Stuckert, "African Ancestry Of The White American Population"" 6653:"Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census" 6558: 4035: 12745: 12611: 12516: 12113: 11986: 11843: 11757: 11734: 11709: 11435: 11331: 11187: 11137: 11055: 5600: 5580: 3482: 3323: 2543: 2234: 1984: 1821: 1721: 1476: 1290:, who may be of any race but share certain cultural characteristics. 652: 648: 341: 82: 11167: 7306: 7289: 1175:

many people as possible to be defined as black. Many experts on the

1074: 12431: 12396: 11714: 11368: 11358: 11286: 11259: 11172: 11152: 11090: 11070: 11050: 11045: 8978: 8914: 8768:"Skin pigmentation, biogeographical ancestry and admixture mapping" 8094: 5815:"Irish Americans must respond to ethnic question in 2020 US Census" 5557: 4266: 3354: 3327: 2582: 2547: 2492: 2393: 2350: 2272:

Most African Americans are the direct descendants of captives from

1907: 1867: 1742: 1710: 1593:

laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States

1576: 1437: 1425: 1405: 1335: 1282:, most of whom speak the English language but are not of primarily 1262: 1258: 1251: 624: 439: 9166:"Facts on Hispanics of Honduran origin in the United States, 2017" 7515: 6471:"Racial and Ethnic Classifications Used in Census 2000 and Beyond" 5564: 1471:

and the lower Mississippi River; historical events, including the

12451: 12381: 11793:

Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

11526: 11440: 11415: 11363: 11348: 11232: 11060: 11030: 9768: 5596: 5572: 5560: 4031: 3335: 2940: 2936: 2640: 2632: 2577:, numbering 378,122 individuals. Though Aztecs are indigenous to 2555: 2551: 2519: 2454: 2417: 2389: 2381: 2170: 2146: 2138: 2118: 2114: 1454: 1433: 1383: 1231: 1210: 728:

2021 estimates, including separate category for Latino / Hispanic

402:

White Americans are the majority in every census-defined region (

9541:, part of the course materials for American Ethnic Geography at 9520:

American Factfinder; keyword search for "Ancestry", all programs

2514:, who call themselves Diné and live on a 16‑million-acre 11936: 11719: 11311: 11296: 11291: 11279: 11274: 11202: 11132: 11035: 10829: 5634: 5588: 3455:

The largest ethnic backgrounds in each county in the US in 2016

3311: 3307: 2754: 2636: 2620: 2578: 2574: 2413: 2226: 2134: 2130: 1911: 1903: 1863: 1847: 1790: 1726:

The suburbanization period after World War II, which produced "

1612: 1522: 1421: 1022: 555: 435: 419: 9504:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

8634:"10 Facts about Guyanese Immigrants in the US You Should Know" 8579:"B02001. RACE – Universe: TOTAL POPULATION regions and states" 8177: 7359:

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

7290:"The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?" 5437:

Historical racial and ethnic demographics of the United States

1644:, which promoted settlement west of the Mississippi after the 12466: 11976: 11410: 11393: 11373: 11306: 11269: 11197: 11127: 9245:. United States Census Bureau. March 18, 2004. Archived from 8612:

Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project

6601: 2539: 2409: 2401: 2385: 2225:, or Black Americans, are citizens of the United States with 2178: 2166: 2154: 2142: 2122: 2057: 1919: 1855: 1696:

increasing the ease of American migration through the country

1271: 623:: those having origins in any of the original peoples of the 427: 11812: 7980:"The size and regional distribution of the black population" 7889: 6555:"Final Revisions of the Employer Information Report (EEO-1)" 3200:

The Census Bureau defines "Hispanic or Latino origin" thus:

2449:

ancestry. Levels of Native American ancestry (distinct from

2257:, and there has been a decrease of African Americans in the 1274:" is now used among some Hispanics to refer to non-Hispanic 11857: 11724: 11075: 8707:"The Two or More Races Population: 2000. Census 2000 Brief" 7652:. East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University Press. 5556:

However, 95% of the people who report in this category are

3315: 2878:

Another recent study found the average to be 21.2%, with a

2800: 2784: 2651: 2527: 2150: 2126: 2107: 1879: 1789:

as those "having origins in any of the original peoples of

1730:" to new housing and away from social unrest, followed by " 1395: 462: 7252:"2023 National Population Projections Tables: Main Series" 6311:"Guam / Northern Mariana Islands Demographic Profile Data" 2357:, legislation that would persist until the passage of the 1801:". Like all official US racial categories, "White" has a " 8889: 8679: 8647: 8578: 8400: 7767:"Are Jews white? Proposed census change wades into issue" 7276:

Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America

6703:"CIA – The World Factbook – Field Listing: Ethnic groups" 6627:"US population by year, race, age, ethnicity, & more" 6233: 5788: 677:: those who check off and/or write in more than one race. 647:: those having origins in any of the original peoples of 590:: those having origins in any of the original peoples of 554:: those having origins in any of the original peoples of 385:

people who belong to two or more of the racial categories

8238:. United States House of Representatives. Archived from 7892:"The Foreign Born Population in the United States: 2010" 7377:(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p. 36. 5668:"Our Diverse Population: Race and Hispanic Origin, 2000" 2284:

in 1619. The English settlers treated these captives as

1979:

are believed to be descended from colonists of Catholic

1777:

White Americans of one race (or alone) from 1960 to 2020

1741:, which encouraged migration from northern areas to the 1717:, which created significant ethnic shifts in urban areas 709:

Census-designated ethnicities: Hispanic or Latino origin

11789:

Births of U.S. states and territories by race/ethnicity

9446:

Sharing the Dream: White Males in Multicultural America

9034: 8500: 8460:"White? Black? A Murky Distinction Grows Still Murkier" 7959: 7249: 7223: 6619: 6259: 6257: 6255: 2885:

The Race, Ethnicity, and Genetics Working Group of the

2757:

are believed to have some Asian and European ancestry.

2484:

and other schools on their reservations, and developed

1931:

projections, as this category is not recognized by the

574:: those having origins in any of the native peoples of 6761:

Publications of the Nebraska State Historical Society,

6417:"Why is there no MENA category on the 2020 US census?" 5646:

25 thousand square miles, 65 thousand square kilomters

5442:

History of ethnocultural politics in the United States

2731:

Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders Americans

2423: 1318:

to the Americas came from widely separated regions of

1183:

to the North, although others (such as the historians

9587: 9117:"American FactFinder Help; Hispanic or Latino origin" 7864: 7687:"New U.S. Census Category to Include Israeli' Option" 7543:"We the People of Arab Ancestry in the United States" 6396:. United States Census Bureau; Department of Commerce 2085:

to a high concentration of Middle Eastern Americans.

1750: 1021:

have ethnic origins in a Spanish-speaking country or

9163: 8961:

Race, Ethnicity, and Genetics Working Group (2005).

7880:. Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved December 9, 2010. 7602:"Arab American community in California, the largest" 6757:

Melvin Randolph Gilmore, "The True Logan Fontenelle"

6252: 5620:

There is no option labelled "two or more races" or "

5595:, as well as other terms for mixed-race groups like 5398: 3213:, the leading ancestries for Hispanic Americans are 1951:

beginning in the mid-19th century, triggered by the

399:, which comprises the minority group in the nation. 9164:Noe-Bustamante, Luis; Flores, Antonio; Shah, Sono. 8041:. University of North Carolina Press. p. 384. 7627:. Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press. 7541:Angela Brittingham; G. Patricia de la Cruz (2005). 2691:American sub-groups, according to census data, are 2619:. As of 2019, approximately 532,300 Asians live in 2530:. It is home to half of the 450,000 members of the 1571:Territorial conflict with Native Americans and the 1532:, usually from Ireland, until the late 18th century 1293: 8063: 7620: 6442:"Persons reporting some other race, percent, 2000" 6344:"Puerto Rico (ACS 2013–2017 population estimates)" 3591:(Including Afro-Caribbean and sub-Saharan African) 2503:, living in ancestral homelands as members of the 9531:Map Gallery of Ethnic Groups in the United States 8704: 7925: 7923: 7819:. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies 5538:. However, this did not occur in the 2020 census. 3552: 2890:local to continental scales throughout history." 2803:'s population was 49.3% Pacific Islander (mostly 2795:'s population was 92.6% Pacific Islander (mostly 12814: 9549:American terminology for different racial groups 9135: 8378:"Overview of 2020 AIAN Redistricting Data: 2020" 7502:. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. pp. 45–64. 6391:"Public Comments to NCT Federal Register Notice" 6228: 6226: 6224: 5637:(1,607 thousand), in 2010, 46% were naturalized. 3578:Number as of 2022 (Alone or in any combination) 2964: 1559:to Canada, the Caribbean, and Britain after the 1322:, and American immigrant populations frequently 9506:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86. 9091:2008 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 8846: 8762: 8684:2008 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 8652:2008 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 8583:2008 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 7673:"Lobbying for a 'MENA' category on U.S. Census" 7361:, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86. 6795:Race Mixing: Southern Fiction Since the Sixties 6238:2008 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 5047: 3467:, ranging from 11.8% (FL) to 43.9 % (ND): 2664:Asians started immigrating to the United States 2453:) differ. According to a study using data from 2325:slavery. However, slavery would persist in the 1758: 480: 9189:"How the U.S. Hispanic population is changing" 9081: 9079: 8212:. National Archives and Records Administration 7920: 7375:Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America 2267:US state/territory with the highest percentage 1943:made up 17% of the US population, followed by 1298:The growth of the Hispanic population through 1048:), and likewise for all the other categories. 487:Race and ethnicity in the United States census 11828: 9573: 9480:, Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421. 9119:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 9093:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 8758: 8756: 7901:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 7836: 7834: 7618: 7369: 7367: 7131:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 7120:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 6473:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 6465: 6463: 6444:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 6385: 6383: 6302:. United States Census Bureau. Archived from 6221: 2976:Hispanic or Latino Population by race (2020): 2372:According to US Census Bureau data, very few 1809:" component, the latter consisting mostly of 1330:, creating a complex multiracial population. 1065:Definitions of whiteness in the United States 1058: 313: 8232:"The Fifteenth Amendment in Flesh and Blood" 8006:"New World Exploration and English Ambition" 7666: 6294: 6292: 6290: 5755:"Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000" 1051:Self-identifying as both Hispanic or Latino 499:Population pyramid by race/ethnicity in 2020 461:has a high percentage of Pacific Islanders, 9419:"Grid View: Table B04004 - Census Reporter" 9394:"Grid View: Table B02019 - Census Reporter" 9369:"Grid View: Table B02017 - Census Reporter" 9344:"Grid View: Table B02018 - Census Reporter" 9319:"Grid View: Table B03001 - Census Reporter" 9294:"Grid View: Table B04006 - Census Reporter" 9269:"Grid View: Table B04007 - Census Reporter" 9199: 9145:. United States Census Bureau. July 1, 2019 9076: 9064:. United States Census Bureau. July 1, 2018 8680:"B02001. Race – Universe: Total Population" 8554:"Grid View: Table B03002 - Census Reporter" 8457: 7516:Arab American Institute Foundation (2014). 6889:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 6204:"Grid View: Table B03002 - Census Reporter" 6179:"Grid View: Table B03002 - Census Reporter" 6154:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 6129:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 6104:"Grid View: Table B03002 - Census Reporter" 6079:"Grid View: Table B03002 - Census Reporter" 6054:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 6029:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 6004:"Grid View: Table B02008 - Census Reporter" 5976:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5951:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5923:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5895:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5867:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5839:"Grid View: Table B02001 - Census Reporter" 5699: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5691: 2091:American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee 1589:Historical immigration to the United States 1475:, influenced the ethnic mix, especially in 11835: 11821: 9580: 9566: 8753: 8674: 8672: 7883: 7831: 7364: 6869:. United States Census Bureau. August 2001 6771: 6769: 6460: 6414: 6380: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5742: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5730: 2058:Middle Eastern and North African Americans 320: 306: 8986: 8922: 8434: 8361: 8206:"13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution" 8178:Nicholas Boston; Jennifer Hallam (2004). 7619:Nabeel, Abraham; Shryock, Andrew (2000). 7305: 7176: 7174: 7172: 6917:"American Samoa 2010 Demographic Profile" 6750: 6338: 6336: 6287: 6265:"American Samoa 2010 Demographic Profile" 5783: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5775: 5753:Grieco, Elizabeth M.; Cassidy, Rachel C. 5752: 4086:(140,196), and all other Arab ancestries) 2893: 1345:Historical trends influencing the ethnic 1119:Learn how and when to remove this message 1000:Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 853:Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 8267:. Lorenz Educational Press. p. 37. 7678: 6817:"American Samoa: Government and society" 6721: 5688: 3458: 3450: 3344: 2887:National Human Genome Research Institute 1772: 1597:illegal immigration to the United States 1328:indigenous inhabitants of the continents 1091:Relevant discussion may be found on the 494: 11758:People of the United States / Americans 9984:African immigrants to the United States 8669: 8362:Greenwood, Shannon (January 20, 2022). 7647: 7623:Arab Detroit: From Margin to Mainstream 7497: 6766: 6415:Alshammari, Yousef H. (April 1, 2020). 6371: 6369: 5727: 2510:The second largest tribal group is the 1628:Westward expansion of the United States 1167:" and stigmatized by both communities. 687:Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 469:are mostly Asian and Pacific Islander, 34:This article is part of a series on the 14: 12815: 10073:Southern Africans in the United States 9442: 9187:Flores, Antonio (September 18, 2017). 9186: 8954: 8705:Jones, Nicholas A.; Amy Symens Smith. 8407:The American Journal of Human Genetics 8260: 7982:. Lewis Mumford Center. Archived from 7953: 7852:. United States Department of Commerce 7808: 7806: 7772:The Jewish News of Northern California 7764: 7452: 7415: 7287: 7169: 7030: 7028: 7026: 6944: 6942: 6911: 6909: 6856: 6333: 5772: 5482:Politics of the Southern United States 3557:This table displays all self-reported 1611:, which has had the most influence on 11816: 9989:Central Africans in the United States 9561: 8124: 8034: 7733: 7704: 7568: 7566: 7511: 7509: 6973: 6971: 6969: 6571: 5998: 5996: 5945: 5943: 5789:"United States Census Bureau website" 5452:History of the Southern United States 5422:Culture of the Southern United States 2472:from recognized records, such as the 2430:Native Americans in the United States 1669:, which promoted settlement of Alaska 1510:, including what is now known as the 9960:Trinidadian and Tobagonian Americans 9895:Afro-Caribbean/West Indian Americans 9443:Pulera, Dominic (October 20, 2004). 9011:"The World Factbook – United States" 8184:Educational Broadcasting Corporation 8061: 7717:. U.S. Census Bureau. pp. 33–34 7288:Farley, Reynolds (January 1, 1991). 6366: 5917: 5915: 5889: 5887: 5861: 5859: 5833: 5831: 5633:Of the foreign-born population from 2897: 2860: 2814: 2611:A third significant minority is the 2211: 1713:, promoting migration westwards and 1499:British colonization of the Americas 1451:Spanish colonization of the Americas 1101:adding citations to reliable sources 1068: 516:(divided by age and sex), all other 503: 11010:White Hispanic and Latino Americans 10245:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans 10183:North Africans in the United States 9972:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans 9493:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-46. 8107:Twin Cities Public Television, Inc. 7803: 7409: 7348:, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–46. 7110: 7023: 6994:"Quick Facts: District of Columbia" 6939: 6906: 5487:Race and crime in the United States 5432:Discrimination in the United States 4795: 3680:white Americans of British descent) 2480:traditional languages, established 2424:Native Americans and Alaska Natives 2317:. By 1804, the states north of the 2068:North Africans in the United States 1508:Danish colonization of the Americas 1501:, beginning with Caribbean and the 1465:French colonization of the Americas 1046:Asian Hispanic and Latino Americans 1042:Black Hispanic and Latino Americans 1038:White Hispanic and Latino Americans 715:Race and ethnicity in Latin America 473:is mostly Hispanic/Latino, and the 24: 12828:Ethnic groups in the United States 10100:West Africans in the United States 10026:East Africans in the United States 9955:Stateside Virgin Islands Americans 8967:American Journal of Human Genetics 8903:American Journal of Human Genetics 8347:. October 12, 2007. Archived from 8066:The American revolution: a history 8016:from the original on June 14, 2007 7574:"Quick Facts about Arab Americans" 7563: 7506: 6966: 5993: 5940: 5467:Nativism in United States politics 2588: 2534:. The third largest group are the 2439:Indigenous peoples of the Americas 1896:non-Hispanic Whites are a majority 1751:Racial makeup of the US population 1490:Dutch colonization of the Americas 734:Self-identified race and ethnicity 418:) and 44 out of 50 states, except 54: 25: 12844: 12823:Demographics of the United States 11605:Americans of Euro Oceanic origin 10939:Nordic and Scandinavian Americans 9589:Demographics of the United States 9513: 8458:Carl Zimmer (December 24, 2014). 8320: 8128:Blacks in the American Revolution 7899:American Community Survey Reports 7684: 7453:Mikati, Massarah (July 6, 2019). 5912: 5884: 5856: 5828: 5427:Demographics of the United States 3186:Source: 2020 United States census 1347:demographics of the United States 1028:Each racial category may contain 520:(reported by sex and color), and 491:Demographics of the United States 11783:Race and ethnicity in the census 9890:African diaspora in the Americas 9496: 9483: 9470: 9436: 9411: 9386: 9361: 9336: 9311: 9286: 9261: 9235: 9180: 9157: 9109: 9054: 9028: 9003: 8883: 8840: 8816: 8727: 8698: 8640: 8626: 8600: 8571: 8546: 8520: 8494: 8480: 8451: 8394: 8370: 8355: 8337: 8314: 8288: 8254: 8224: 8095:Liberty! The American Revolution 7746:. U.S. Census Bureau. p. 60 5640: 5492:Racism against African Americans 5457:Immigration to the United States 5401: 5380: 5366: 5352: 5338: 5324: 5310: 5296: 5282: 5268: 5254: 5240: 5226: 5212: 5198: 5184: 5170: 5156: 5141: 5127: 5113: 5099: 5085: 5071: 5057: 5032: 5016: 5000: 4985: 4970: 4955: 4940: 4925: 4910: 4895: 4880: 4865: 4850: 4835: 4820: 4805: 4790: 2902: 2505:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians 1378:by Polynesian people, including 1294:Historical trends and influences 1073: 985:Native American or Alaska Native 823:American Indian or Alaska Native 289: 9900:Antiguan and Barbudan Americans 8198: 8171: 8145: 8118: 8088: 8055: 8028: 7998: 7972: 7962:"American FactFinder – Results" 7783: 7758: 7641: 7612: 7594: 7534: 7491: 7465: 7446: 7388:"The Hispanic Population: 2010" 7380: 7351: 7338: 7281: 7269: 7243: 7217: 7196: 7139: 6881: 6835: 6809: 6787: 6695: 6667: 6645: 6594: 6565: 6547: 6529: 6511: 6489: 6434: 6408: 6196: 6171: 6146: 6121: 6096: 6071: 6046: 6021: 5968: 5709:Office of Management and Budget 5627: 5614: 5550: 5541: 5524: 5512:Xenophobia in the United States 3562:reported two or more ancestries 2343:African American representation 2231:Office of Management and Budget 1933:Office of Management and Budget 1694:Improved transportation systems 1354:Patterns of original settlement 1084:needs additional citations for 698:Office of Management and Budget 18:Minorities in the United States 9945:Kittian and Nevisian Americans 9920:Dominican Americans (Dominica) 8125:Foner, Philip Sheldon (1976). 5807: 5660: 3553:2022 American Community Survey 2197:(7-8 million) will identify. 1720:Natural disasters such as the 1688:American Industrial Revolution 1326:among themselves and with the 719:Ethnic groups in Latin America 13: 1: 11842: 11462:Hispanic and Latino Americans 9035:United States Census Bureau. 8686:. United States Census Bureau 8501:United States Census Bureau. 8186:. Public Broadcasting Service 7960:United States Census Bureau. 7397:. U.S. Department of Commerce 7250:United States Census Bureau. 7224:United States Census Bureau. 7184:. United States Census Bureau 7098:. United States Census Bureau 7083:. United States Census Bureau 7068:. United States Census Bureau 7053:. United States Census Bureau 7038:. United States Census Bureau 7011:. United States Census Bureau 6996:. United States Census Bureau 6981:. United States Census Bureau 6240:. United States Census Bureau 5795:. United States Census Bureau 5760:. United States Census Bureau 5653: 5530:Following consultations with 5502:Religion in the United States 5477:Politics of the United States 4147:identify as Spanish/Spaniard) 2971:Hispanic and Latino Americans 2965:Hispanic and Latino Americans 2807:), and the population of the 1683:, and reaching the free North 1376:Settlement of Pacific islands 1019:Hispanic and Latino Americans 477:are mostly African American. 11532:Indigenous Mexican Americans 8180:"Freedom & Emancipation" 8103:Blows Must Decide: 1774–1776 7843:"The Black Population: 2010" 7765:Mirsky, Maya (May 4, 2023). 7741:"2015 National Content Test" 7712:"2015 National Content Test" 6864:"The White Population: 2000" 6781:www.freeafricanamericans.com 5532:Middle East and North Africa 5507:Slavery in the United States 5447:History of the United States 5417:Culture of the United States 5048:European American ancestries 4607:Indigenous Central American 3357:) ethnic background in each 3290:(98.9% Hispanic or Latino). 3194:Hispanic or Latino Americans 2983:Hispanic Americans in 2020 ( 2772:populations living in three 2674:laborers, but also included 2482:tribally controlled colleges 1759:White and European Americans 1512:United States Virgin Islands 1145:white hegemony and privilege 1136:determining someone's race. 702:Statistical Policy Directive 510:United States census in 1790 481:Racial and ethnic categories 7: 11773:Maps of American ancestries 11569:French Polynesian Americans 9925:Dutch West Indian Americans 9524:United States Census Bureau 9214:United States Census Bureau 8714:United States Census Bureau 8656:United States Census Bureau 8587:United States Census Bureau 8010:The Terrible Transformation 7935:United States Census Bureau 7850:United States Census Bureau 7796:United States Census Bureau 7182:"QuickFacts: United States" 7151:United States Census Bureau 6797:, JHU Press, 2006, p. 186, 6733:United States Census Bureau 6682:United States Census Bureau 5675:United States Census Bureau 5497:Racism in the United States 5394: 3463:Plurality ancestry in each 3297: 3217:(37.2 million) followed by 2951:Centers for Disease Control 2868:State College, Pennsylvania 2462:Federally recognized tribes 2349:, African Americans became 2337:. Following the end of the 2229:ancestry. According to the 1787:United States Census Bureau 1420:" people, and later by the 453:Each of the five inhabited 10: 12849: 12204:Countries by ethnic groups 12199:Contemporary ethnic groups 11554:Pacific Islander Americans 9243:"US Census Press Releases" 8419:10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.11.010 8070:. Modern Library. p. 8035:Gomez, Michael A. (1998). 7009:"Quick Facts: Puerto Rico" 6675:"Short Form Questionnaire" 6497:"U.S. Census Bureau: FAQs" 4904:Pacific Islander Americans 4889:Pacific Islander Americans 2968: 2818: 2741:Pacific Islander Americans 2734: 2592: 2427: 2295:American Revolutionary War 2215: 2061: 1995:, and the Hispanos of the 1955:in Ireland and the failed 1762: 1635:Royal Proclamation of 1763 1555:Deportation and flight of 1359:Settlement of the Americas 1267:Spanish-speaking countries 1206:, for instance, who had a 1062: 1059:Social definitions of race 712: 528:officially recognized six 512:classed residents as free 484: 12833:Race in the United States 12794: 12670: 12542: 12350: 12184: 11985: 11850: 11753: 11745:Punjabi Mexican Americans 11695: 11624: 11544: 11018: 10879:Liechtensteiner Americans 10703: 10232: 9877: 9866: 9734: 9604: 9595: 9466:– via Google Books. 8861:10.1007/s00439-002-0818-z 8787:10.1007/s00439-002-0896-y 7081:"Quick Facts: New Mexico" 7036:"Quick Facts: California" 6843:"About the Topic of Race" 5793:2008 Population Estimates 3587:Black or African American 3340:Federal Population Census 3211:American Community Survey 3184: 3144:Some Other Race (alone) 2982: 2607:Southeast Asian Americans 2499:citizens), and 15,000 in 2495:(of which a majority are 2363:Voting Rights Act of 1965 1473:Expulsion of the Acadians 1238:'s children by his slave 1008: 998: 993: 983: 978: 968: 963: 953: 948: 938: 933: 925:Black or African American 923: 918: 908: 903: 893: 886: 879: 874: 861: 851: 846: 836: 831: 821: 816: 806: 801: 791: 786: 776: 771: 761: 756: 746: 739: 732: 727: 571:Black or African American 444:American Community Survey 389:American Community Survey 11768:Native American ancestry 10555:Hungarian Slovak Gypsies 10411:Indo-Caribbean Americans 10160:Sierra Leonean Americans 10110:Bissau-Guinean Americans 10051:South Sudanese Americans 8062:Wood, Gordon S. (2002). 7648:Hassoun, Rosina (2005). 6523:August 31, 2009, at the 5517: 3542: 3533: 3524: 3515: 3506: 3497: 3488: 3479: 3470: 2809:Northern Mariana Islands 2789:Northern Mariana Islands 2656:Northern Mariana Islands 2451:Native American identity 2359:Civil Rights Act of 1964 2064:Middle Eastern Americans 1898:in 44 states, excluding 1884:Northern Mariana Islands 1603:Transatlantic migrations 1400:Northern Mariana Islands 619:Southeast Asian American 467:Northern Mariana Islands 12316:Torres Strait Islanders 12161:Ethnopsychopharmacology 11905:In-group and out-groups 11730:Louisiana Creole people 10889:Luxembourgish Americans 10088:South African Americans 10004:Equatoguinean Americans 9537:March 10, 2013, at the 9491:Social Science Research 8325:. Iowa State University 8302:. National Park Service 8159:. The National Archives 7685:Cohen, Debra Nussbaum. 7581:Arab American Institute 7498:Kayyali, Randa (2006). 7346:Social Science Research 7051:"Quick Facts: Maryland" 6821:Encyclopædia Britannica 6518:The American FactFinder 5462:Language Spoken at Home 4701:(Not further specified) 4479:(Not further specified) 4456:(Not further specified) 4369:(Not further specified) 4186:(Not further specified) 3575:Number in 2022 (Alone) 2466:state recognized tribes 2333:and the passage of the 2074:Arab American Institute 1557:United Empire Loyalists 1288:Louisiana Creole people 1223:partus sequitur ventrem 700:published revisions to 550:Middle Eastern American 12557:Cultural appropriation 11517:Puerto Rican Americans 10115:Cape Verdean Americans 9950:Saint Lucian Americans 9726:Ethnocultural politics 9694:Racial achievement gap 9624:Educational attainment 9216:. 2004. Archived from 8766:; et al. (2003). 8264:American Black History 8261:Walter, Hazen (2004). 7966:factfinder2.census.gov 7876:February 11, 2020, at 7416:Tafoya, Sonya (2004). 6317:. 2010. Archived from 3833:(No country specified) 3549: 3456: 3448: 3207: 2894:Members of other races 2768:There are significant 2341:, which saw the first 1803:not Hispanic or Latino 1778: 1705:Second Great Migration 1034:Non-Hispanic or Latino 691:US Department of Labor 644:Other Pacific Islander 500: 381:Other Pacific Islander 59: 12582:Ethnic interest group 12422:Ethnicity in censuses 12372:Cultural assimilation 11873:Ethnolinguistic group 11614:New Zealand Americans 11579:Micronesian Americans 11574:Marshallese Americans 11475:Costa Rican Americans 10934:Sammarinese Americans 10909:Montenegrin Americans 10646:Azerbaijani Americans 10609:Palestinian Americans 10531:Singaporean Americans 10379:Bangladeshi Americans 9994:Cameroonian Americans 9716:Unemployment by state 9543:Valparaiso University 9168:. Pew Research Center 8097:(Documentary) Episode 7941:on September 15, 2012 7418:"Shades of Belonging" 7278:By Dominic J. Pulera. 7135:on February 12, 2020. 7129:"American FactFinder" 7118:"American FactFinder" 7066:"Quick Facts: Nevada" 6979:"Quick Facts: Hawaii" 6950:"U.S. Virgin Islands" 6705:. CIA. Archived from 6300:"American FactFinder" 5318:Scotch-Irish ancestry 3462: 3454: 3348: 3202: 2851:civil rights movement 2827:multiracial Americans 2821:Multiracial Americans 2603:South Asian Americans 2367:civil rights movement 2329:until the end of the 2313:in units such as the 2094:populations from the 1949:immigration to the US 1776: 1609:Immigration from Asia 1189:George M. Fredrickson 888:Percent of population 741:Percent of population 498: 58: 12802:Minzu (anthropology) 12771:Separatist movements 12627:Ethnographic village 12457:Legendary progenitor 12092:Transidioethnography 11895:Hyphenated ethnicity 11890:Ethnographic realism 11883:Ethnoreligious group 11687:Venezuelan Americans 11677:Surinamese Americans 11667:Paraguayan Americans 11657:Ecuadorian Americans 11609:Australian Americans 11500:Salvadoran Americans 11495:Panamanian Americans 11490:Nicaraguan Americans 11480:Guatemalan Americans 10919:Portuguese Americans 10894:Macedonian Americans 10884:Lithuanian Americans 10738:Belarusian Americans 10651:Circassian Americans 10541:Vietnamese Americans 10511:Indonesian Americans 10465:Sri Lankan Americans 10318:Fuzhounese Americans 10155:Senegalese Americans 10093:Zimbabwean Americans 9965:Vincentian Americans 9097:on September 2, 2010 8351:on October 12, 2007. 8242:on December 11, 2012 7479:. September 21, 2023 7226:"Modified Race Data" 7096:"Quick Facts: Texas" 6477:on November 27, 2001 6448:on February 13, 2020 6354:on February 14, 2020 5409:United States portal 3918:(No tribe specified) 3225:(2.38 million), and 2839:interracial marriage 2705:Vietnamese Americans 2599:East Asian Americans 2335:Thirteenth Amendment 2195:US Jewish population 2185:, Iranian, Israeli, 2175:United Arab Emirates 1993:Isleños of Louisiana 1872:District of Columbia 1681:Underground Railroad 1656:California gold rush 1538:Atlantic slave trade 1530:indentured servitude 1519:Penal transportation 1097:improve this article 881:Self-identified race 615:South Asian American 395:, identifying as an 349:United States census 296:United States portal 281:World Heritage Sites 12662:Multinational state 12657:Model minority myth 12544:Multiethnic society 12462:Linguistic homeland 11878:Ethnonational group 11682:Uruguayan Americans 11652:Colombian Americans 11642:Brazilian Americans 11632:Argentine Americans 11512:Dominican Americans 11406:Alaskan Athabaskans 11005:Non-Hispanic whites 10998:Ukrainian Americans 10976:Slovenian Americans 10954:Norwegian Americans 10949:Icelandic Americans 10852:Hungarian Americans 10785:Bulgarian Americans 10589:Jordanian Americans 10526:Malaysian Americans 10496:Cambodian Americans 10448:Pakistani Americans 10438:Maldivian Americans 10391:Bhutanese Americans 10362:Taiwanese Americans 10352:Mongolian Americans 10333:Hong Kong Americans 10061:Tanzanian Americans 10036:Ethiopian Americans 9999:Congolese Americans 9930:Grenadian Americans 9915:Bermudian Americans 9910:Barbadian Americans 9644:Housing segregation 9598:Demographic history 9193:Pew Research Center 8236:Office of the Clerk 7986:on October 12, 2007 7908:on February 9, 2015 7425:Pew Hispanic Center 6921:American FactFinder 6793:Jones, Suzanne W., 6561:on August 13, 2009. 6543:on August 13, 2009. 6348:American FactFinder 6321:on November 6, 2018 6315:American FactFinder 6269:American FactFinder 5715:on February 8, 2004 5276:Portuguese ancestry 5234:Lithuanian ancestry 3914:Indigenous American 2830:identity movement. 2518:covering northeast 2406:Trinidad and Tobago 2286:indentured servants 2282:Jamestown, Virginia 2276:, who survived the 1785:are defined by the 1737:The development of 1561:American Revolution 1521:to the Americas of 1246:The more familiar " 1214:to tribal society. 910:Hispanic and Latino 763:Hispanic and Latino 696:In March 2024, the 633:Indian subcontinent 611:East Asian American 103:Arts and literature 12642:Middleman minority 12602:Ethnic pornography 12597:Ethnic nationalism 12502:Pantribal sodality 12447:Imagined community 11972:Symbolic ethnicity 11900:Indigenous peoples 11868:Ethnographic group 11672:Peruvian Americans 11662:Guyanese Americans 11637:Bolivian Americans 11559:Chamorro Americans 11485:Honduran Americans 11470:Belizean Americans 11455:Canadian Americans 10924:Romanian Americans 10904:Moldovan Americans 10837:Galician Americans 10815:Estonian Americans 10795:Croatian Americans 10773:Scottish Americans 10728:Austrian Americans 10723:Asturian Americans 10718:Albanian Americans 10661:Georgian Americans 10641:Assyrian Americans 10636:Armenian Americans 10599:Lebanese Americans 10574:Bahraini Americans 10501:Filipino Americans 10443:Nepalese Americans 10406:Gujarati Americans 10357:Ryukyuan Americans 10342:Japanese Americans 10220:Egyptian Americans 10208:Tunisian Americans 10193:Algerian Americans 10165:Togolese Americans 10150:Nigerian Americans 10140:Liberian Americans 10125:Ghanaian Americans 10105:Beninese Americans 10083:Malawian Americans 10056:Sudanese Americans 10031:Eritrean Americans 10009:Gabonese Americans 9940:Jamaican Americans 9905:Bahamian Americans 9811:Moorish Scientists 9711:Standard of living 9423:censusreporter.org 9398:censusreporter.org 9373:censusreporter.org 9348:censusreporter.org 9323:censusreporter.org 9298:censusreporter.org 9273:censusreporter.org 8741:on October 2, 2008 8558:censusreporter.org 8534:. October 27, 2023 8464:The New York Times 7550:U.S. Census Bureau 7500:The Arab Americans 7124:on April 13, 2016. 6954:CIA World Factbook 6893:censusreporter.org 6655:. US Census Bureau 6575:(March 28, 2024). 6306:on April 13, 2016. 6208:censusreporter.org 6183:censusreporter.org 6158:censusreporter.org 6133:censusreporter.org 6108:censusreporter.org 6083:censusreporter.org 6058:censusreporter.org 6033:censusreporter.org 6008:censusreporter.org 5980:censusreporter.org 5955:censusreporter.org 5927:censusreporter.org 5899:censusreporter.org 5871:censusreporter.org 5843:censusreporter.org 5374:Ukrainian ancestry 5248:Norwegian ancestry 5206:Icelandic ancestry 5192:Hungarian ancestry 4496:Indigenous Mexican 4016:Hispanic or Latino 3550: 3457: 3449: 3338:, and analysis of 2915:. You can help by 2717:among other groups 2713:Japanese Americans 2697:Filipino Americans 2516:Indian reservation 2398:Dominican Republic 2374:African immigrants 2339:Reconstruction era 2331:American Civil War 2315:Ethiopian Regiment 2239:sub-Saharan Africa 2079:Dearborn, Michigan 1807:Hispanic or Latino 1779: 1769:European Americans 1675:Internal migration 1667:Klondike gold rush 1646:Louisiana Purchase 1528:The popularity of 1525:under British rule 1340:Hispanic Americans 1280:European Americans 1030:Hispanic or Latino 671:, widely known as 576:sub-Saharan Africa 501: 393:Hispanic or Latino 88:race and ethnicity 60: 12810: 12809: 12724:Ethnic stereotype 12637:Indigenous rights 12622:Ethnographic film 12607:Ethnic theme park 12567:Dominant minority 12562:Diaspora politics 12552:Consociationalism 12487:National language 12377:Cultural identity 12367:Cross-race effect 12311:Aboriginal groups 11810: 11809: 11806: 11805: 11763:American ancestry 11647:Chilean Americans 11589:Palauan Americans 11522:Mexican Americans 10981:Spanish Americans 10966:Serbian Americans 10959:Swedish Americans 10929:Russian Americans 10899:Maltese Americans 10874:Latvian Americans 10862:Italian Americans 10820:Finnish Americans 10800:Cypriot Americans 10790:Catalan Americans 10763:English Americans 10758:Cornish Americans 10753:British Americans 10748:Bosnian Americans 10743:Belgian Americans 10693:Turkish Americans 10688:Kurdish Americans 10676:Israeli Americans 10666:Iranian Americans 10656:Chechen Americans 10594:Kuwaiti Americans 10579:Emirati Americans 10521:Laotian Americans 10516:Iu Mien Americans 10484:Burmese Americans 10453:Punjabi Americans 10416:Punjabi Americans 10401:Bengali Americans 10384:Bengali Americans 10367:Tibetan Americans 10311:Chinese Americans 10289:Turkmen Americans 10262:Pashtun Americans 10203:Moroccan American 10135:Ivorian Americans 10130:Guinean Americans 10120:Gambian Americans 10078:Angolan Americans 10066:Ugandan Americans 9935:Haitian Americans 9885:African Americans 9684:Racial inequality 9654:Income inequality 9619:Gender inequality 9449:. A&C Black. 9249:on March 13, 2008 8608:"Asian Americans" 8300:We Shall Overcome 8153:"Black Loyalists" 7650:Arabs in Michigan 7459:Houston Chronicle 7157:on April 20, 2008 6823:(Online ed.) 5332:Scottish ancestry 5290:Romanian ancestry 4874:African Americans 4859:African Americans 4814:American ancestry 4780: 4779: 4702: 4615: 4480: 4457: 4370: 4187: 4148: 4087: 4042: 4041:Hispanic origins) 4039: 4038:, and unspecified 4029: 3919: 3834: 3779: 3738: 3681: 3592: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3020: 3014: 3010: 3004: 3000: 2933: 2932: 2861:Genetic admixture 2815:Two or more races 2763:Hawaiian language 2750:Pacific Islanders 2725:of Indian descent 2693:Chinese Americans 2290:American colonies 2223:African Americans 2218:African Americans 2212:African Americans 1989:Louisiana Creoles 1970:American ancestry 1965:British Americans 1961:English Americans 1892:US Virgin Islands 1870:, along with the 1818:Mexican Americans 1811:Spanish Americans 1715:streetcar suburbs 1503:Thirteen Colonies 1410:US Virgin Islands 1129: 1128: 1121: 1013: 1012: 940:Two or more races 866: 865: 808:Two or more races 669:Two or more races 546:European American 530:racial categories 504:Racial categories 475:US Virgin Islands 353:racial categories 330: 329: 45: 16:(Redirected from 12840: 12694:Ethnic cleansing 12689:Ethnic bioweapon 12572:Ethnic democracy 12186:Groups by region 12136:Ethnomethodology 12119:Ethnomathematics 12109:Ethnolinguistics 12005:Ethnoarchaeology 11837: 11830: 11823: 11814: 11813: 11599:Tongan Americans 11594:Samoan Americans 11584:Native Hawaiians 11564:Fijian Americans 11466:Central America 11026:Native Americans 10971:Slovak Americans 10944:Danish Americans 10914:Polish Americans 10842:German Americans 10825:French Americans 10733:Basque Americans 10683:Lezgin Americans 10671:Jewish Americans 10629:Yemeni Americans 10624:Syrian Americans 10614:Qatari Americans 10550:Romani Americans 10458:Sindhi Americans 10431:Telugu Americans 10421:Sindhi Americans 10396:Indian Americans 10347:Korean Americans 10294:Uyghur Americans 10279:Kyrgyz Americans 10274:Kazakh Americans 10269:Baloch Americans 10257:Afghan Americans 10215:Coptic Americans 10198:Libyan Americans 10188:Berber Americans 10172:Yoruba Americans 10145:Malian Americans 10046:Somali Americans 10041:Kenyan Americans 9875: 9874: 9868:By continent and 9639:Household income 9582: 9575: 9568: 9559: 9558: 9553:Pamela E. Oliver 9507: 9500: 9494: 9487: 9481: 9474: 9468: 9467: 9465: 9463: 9440: 9434: 9433: 9431: 9429: 9415: 9409: 9408: 9406: 9404: 9390: 9384: 9383: 9381: 9379: 9365: 9359: 9358: 9356: 9354: 9340: 9334: 9333: 9331: 9329: 9315: 9309: 9308: 9306: 9304: 9290: 9284: 9283: 9281: 9279: 9265: 9259: 9258: 9256: 9254: 9239: 9233: 9232: 9230: 9228: 9223:on March 6, 2008 9222: 9211: 9203: 9197: 9196: 9184: 9178: 9177: 9175: 9173: 9161: 9155: 9154: 9152: 9150: 9139: 9133: 9132: 9130: 9128: 9113: 9107: 9106: 9104: 9102: 9083: 9074: 9073: 9071: 9069: 9058: 9052: 9051: 9049: 9047: 9032: 9026: 9025: 9023: 9021: 9007: 9001: 9000: 8990: 8958: 8952: 8951: 8949: 8947: 8942:on March 4, 2009 8941: 8935:. Archived from 8926: 8909:(6): 1839–1851. 8900: 8892:Shriver, Mark D. 8887: 8881: 8880: 8844: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8833: 8828: 8820: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8809: 8772: 8760: 8751: 8750: 8748: 8746: 8737:. Archived from 8731: 8725: 8724: 8722: 8720: 8711: 8702: 8696: 8695: 8693: 8691: 8676: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8662: 8644: 8638: 8637: 8630: 8624: 8623: 8621: 8619: 8604: 8598: 8597: 8595: 8593: 8575: 8569: 8568: 8566: 8564: 8550: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8539: 8524: 8518: 8517: 8515: 8513: 8498: 8492: 8491: 8484: 8478: 8477: 8472: 8470: 8455: 8449: 8448: 8438: 8398: 8392: 8391: 8389: 8387: 8382: 8374: 8368: 8367: 8359: 8353: 8352: 8341: 8335: 8334: 8332: 8330: 8318: 8312: 8311: 8309: 8307: 8292: 8286: 8285: 8283: 8281: 8258: 8252: 8251: 8249: 8247: 8228: 8222: 8221: 8219: 8217: 8210:ourdocuments.gov 8202: 8196: 8195: 8193: 8191: 8175: 8169: 8168: 8166: 8164: 8149: 8143: 8142: 8122: 8116: 8100: 8092: 8086: 8085: 8069: 8059: 8053: 8052: 8032: 8026: 8025: 8023: 8021: 8002: 7996: 7995: 7993: 7991: 7976: 7970: 7969: 7957: 7951: 7950: 7948: 7946: 7927: 7918: 7917: 7915: 7913: 7907: 7896: 7887: 7881: 7868: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7857: 7847: 7838: 7829: 7828: 7826: 7824: 7818: 7810: 7801: 7800: 7799:. April 8, 2024. 7787: 7781: 7780: 7762: 7756: 7755: 7753: 7751: 7745: 7737: 7731: 7730: 7724: 7722: 7716: 7708: 7702: 7701: 7699: 7697: 7682: 7676: 7670: 7664: 7663: 7645: 7639: 7638: 7626: 7616: 7610: 7609: 7598: 7592: 7591: 7589: 7587: 7578: 7570: 7561: 7560: 7558: 7556: 7547: 7538: 7532: 7531: 7529: 7527: 7522: 7513: 7504: 7503: 7495: 7489: 7488: 7486: 7484: 7469: 7463: 7462: 7450: 7444: 7443: 7441: 7439: 7433: 7427:. Archived from 7422: 7413: 7407: 7406: 7404: 7402: 7392: 7384: 7378: 7373:Mary C. Waters, 7371: 7362: 7355: 7349: 7342: 7336: 7335: 7309: 7285: 7279: 7273: 7267: 7266: 7264: 7262: 7247: 7241: 7240: 7238: 7236: 7221: 7215: 7214: 7211:US Census Bureau 7208: 7200: 7194: 7193: 7191: 7189: 7178: 7167: 7166: 7164: 7162: 7153:. Archived from 7143: 7137: 7136: 7125: 7114: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7103: 7092: 7090: 7088: 7077: 7075: 7073: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7047: 7045: 7043: 7032: 7021: 7020: 7018: 7016: 7005: 7003: 7001: 6990: 6988: 6986: 6975: 6964: 6963: 6962: 6960: 6946: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6932: 6923:. Archived from 6913: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6885: 6879: 6878: 6876: 6874: 6868: 6860: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6849: 6839: 6833: 6832: 6830: 6828: 6813: 6807: 6791: 6785: 6784: 6773: 6764: 6754: 6748: 6747: 6741: 6739: 6725: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6714: 6709:on June 13, 2007 6699: 6693: 6692: 6690: 6688: 6679: 6671: 6665: 6664: 6662: 6660: 6649: 6643: 6642: 6640: 6638: 6623: 6617: 6616: 6614: 6612: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6589: 6587: 6569: 6563: 6562: 6557:. Archived from 6551: 6545: 6544: 6539:. Archived from 6533: 6527: 6515: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6504: 6499:. Ask.census.gov 6493: 6487: 6486: 6484: 6482: 6467: 6458: 6457: 6455: 6453: 6438: 6432: 6431: 6429: 6427: 6412: 6406: 6405: 6403: 6401: 6395: 6387: 6378: 6373: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6359: 6350:. Archived from 6340: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6326: 6307: 6296: 6285: 6284: 6282: 6280: 6271:. Archived from 6261: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6245: 6230: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6214: 6200: 6194: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6175: 6169: 6168: 6166: 6164: 6150: 6144: 6143: 6141: 6139: 6125: 6119: 6118: 6116: 6114: 6100: 6094: 6093: 6091: 6089: 6075: 6069: 6068: 6066: 6064: 6050: 6044: 6043: 6041: 6039: 6025: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6000: 5991: 5990: 5988: 5986: 5972: 5966: 5965: 5963: 5961: 5947: 5938: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5919: 5910: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5891: 5882: 5881: 5879: 5877: 5863: 5854: 5853: 5851: 5849: 5835: 5826: 5825: 5823: 5821: 5811: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5785: 5770: 5769: 5767: 5765: 5759: 5750: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720: 5711:. Archived from 5701: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5681: 5672: 5664: 5647: 5644: 5638: 5631: 5625: 5618: 5612: 5554: 5548: 5545: 5539: 5528: 5411: 5406: 5405: 5404: 5384: 5370: 5360:Swedish ancestry 5356: 5342: 5328: 5314: 5304:Russian ancestry 5300: 5286: 5272: 5258: 5244: 5230: 5216: 5202: 5188: 5174: 5160: 5145: 5131: 5121:Finnish ancestry 5117: 5107:English ancestry 5103: 5089: 5075: 5061: 5036: 5020: 5004: 4989: 4974: 4959: 4944: 4934:Native Americans 4929: 4919:Native Americans 4914: 4899: 4884: 4869: 4854: 4839: 4824: 4809: 4796:Major ancestries 4700: 4609: 4478: 4455: 4451:Eastern European 4368: 4185: 4138: 4061: 4040: 4030: 4019: 3917: 3832: 3773: 3732: 3675: 3590: 3569: 3568: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3534: 3530: 3525: 3521: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3485: 3480: 3476: 3471: 3447: 3445: 3440: 3438: 3437:African American 3433: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3412: 3410: 3405: 3403: 3398: 3396: 3391: 3389: 3384: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3359:county in the US 3221:(5.83 million), 3185: 3125:Pacific Islander 3018: 3012: 3008: 3002: 2998: 2985:Hispanic America 2980: 2979: 2955:vital statistics 2928: 2925: 2906: 2898: 2849:took place. The 2845:, migration and 2825:Self-identified 2770:Pacific Islander 2746:Native Hawaiians 2737:Native Hawaiians 2709:Korean Americans 2701:Indian Americans 2526:, and southeast 2443:Native Americans 2319:Mason–Dixon line 2303:Continental Navy 2299:Continental Army 1991:, including the 1977:French Americans 1941:German Americans 1739:air conditioning 1551:Forced migration 1545:Severe reduction 1492:, mainly of the 1467:, including the 1408:, including the 1380:Native Hawaiians 1236:Thomas Jefferson 1185:C. Vann Woodward 1124: 1117: 1113: 1110: 1104: 1077: 1069: 872: 871: 725: 724: 351:recognized five 322: 315: 308: 293: 242: 48: 43: 35: 29: 28: 21: 12848: 12847: 12843: 12842: 12841: 12839: 12838: 12837: 12813: 12812: 12811: 12806: 12790: 12729:Ethnic violence 12677: 12675:ethnic conflict 12673: 12666: 12647:Minority rights 12587:Ethnic majority 12538: 12522:Detribalization 12477:Nation-building 12417:Ethnic religion 12360: 12356: 12346: 12253:Central America 12180: 12151:Ethnophilosophy 12146:Ethnomusicology 12124:Ethnostatistics 12082:Person-centered 12052:Autoethnography 11981: 11846: 11841: 11811: 11802: 11749: 11691: 11620: 11540: 11507:Cuban Americans 11148:Mission Indians 11014: 10993:Swiss Americans 10857:Irish Americans 10847:Greek Americans 10810:Dutch Americans 10805:Czech Americans 10778:Welsh Americans 10713:White Americans 10699: 10619:Saudi Americans 10604:Omani Americans 10584:Iraqi Americans 10506:Hmong Americans 10489:Karen Americans 10470:Tamil Americans 10426:Tamil Americans 10328:Hoklo Americans 10323:Hakka Americans 10299:Uzbek Americans 10284:Tajik Americans 10240:Asian Americans 10228: 9870:ethnic ancestry 9869: 9862: 9828:Native American 9816:Nation of Islam 9806:Five Percenters 9730: 9699:Racial wage gap 9689:Race and health 9674:Personal income 9606: 9600: 9591: 9586: 9551:by sociologist 9539:Wayback Machine 9516: 9511: 9510: 9501: 9497: 9488: 9484: 9475: 9471: 9461: 9459: 9457: 9441: 9437: 9427: 9425: 9417: 9416: 9412: 9402: 9400: 9392: 9391: 9387: 9377: 9375: 9367: 9366: 9362: 9352: 9350: 9342: 9341: 9337: 9327: 9325: 9317: 9316: 9312: 9302: 9300: 9292: 9291: 9287: 9277: 9275: 9267: 9266: 9262: 9252: 9250: 9241: 9240: 9236: 9226: 9224: 9220: 9209: 9205: 9204: 9200: 9185: 9181: 9171: 9169: 9162: 9158: 9148: 9146: 9141: 9140: 9136: 9126: 9124: 9123:on May 24, 2017 9115: 9114: 9110: 9100: 9098: 9085: 9084: 9077: 9067: 9065: 9060: 9059: 9055: 9045: 9043: 9033: 9029: 9019: 9017: 9009: 9008: 9004: 8959: 8955: 8945: 8943: 8939: 8898: 8888: 8884: 8845: 8841: 8831: 8829: 8826: 8822: 8821: 8817: 8807: 8805: 8770: 8764:Mark D. Shriver 8761: 8754: 8744: 8742: 8733: 8732: 8728: 8718: 8716: 8709: 8703: 8699: 8689: 8687: 8678: 8677: 8670: 8660: 8658: 8646: 8645: 8641: 8632: 8631: 8627: 8617: 8615: 8614:. June 18, 2012 8606: 8605: 8601: 8591: 8589: 8577: 8576: 8572: 8562: 8560: 8552: 8551: 8547: 8537: 8535: 8532:Washington Post 8526: 8525: 8521: 8511: 8509: 8499: 8495: 8486: 8485: 8481: 8468: 8466: 8456: 8452: 8399: 8395: 8385: 8383: 8380: 8376: 8375: 8371: 8360: 8356: 8343: 8342: 8338: 8328: 8326: 8319: 8315: 8305: 8303: 8294: 8293: 8289: 8279: 8277: 8275: 8259: 8255: 8245: 8243: 8230: 8229: 8225: 8215: 8213: 8204: 8203: 8199: 8189: 8187: 8176: 8172: 8162: 8160: 8151: 8150: 8146: 8139: 8123: 8119: 8098: 8093: 8089: 8082: 8060: 8056: 8049: 8033: 8029: 8019: 8017: 8004: 8003: 7999: 7989: 7987: 7978: 7977: 7973: 7958: 7954: 7944: 7942: 7929: 7928: 7921: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7894: 7888: 7884: 7869: 7865: 7855: 7853: 7845: 7839: 7832: 7822: 7820: 7816: 7812: 7811: 7804: 7789: 7788: 7784: 7763: 7759: 7749: 7747: 7743: 7739: 7738: 7734: 7720: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7709: 7705: 7695: 7693: 7683: 7679: 7671: 7667: 7660: 7646: 7642: 7635: 7617: 7613: 7600: 7599: 7595: 7585: 7583: 7576: 7572: 7571: 7564: 7554: 7552: 7545: 7539: 7535: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7514: 7507: 7496: 7492: 7482: 7480: 7471: 7470: 7466: 7451: 7447: 7437: 7435: 7434:on May 28, 2008 7431: 7420: 7414: 7410: 7400: 7398: 7390: 7386: 7385: 7381: 7372: 7365: 7356: 7352: 7343: 7339: 7307:10.2307/2061465 7286: 7282: 7274: 7270: 7260: 7258: 7248: 7244: 7234: 7232: 7222: 7218: 7213:. July 3, 2024. 7206: 7202: 7201: 7197: 7187: 7185: 7180: 7179: 7170: 7160: 7158: 7145: 7144: 7140: 7127: 7126: 7116: 7115: 7111: 7101: 7099: 7094: 7093: 7086: 7084: 7079: 7078: 7071: 7069: 7064: 7063: 7056: 7054: 7049: 7048: 7041: 7039: 7034: 7033: 7024: 7014: 7012: 7007: 7006: 6999: 6997: 6992: 6991: 6984: 6982: 6977: 6976: 6967: 6958: 6956: 6948: 6947: 6940: 6930: 6928: 6915: 6914: 6907: 6897: 6895: 6887: 6886: 6882: 6872: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6861: 6857: 6847: 6845: 6841: 6840: 6836: 6826: 6824: 6815: 6814: 6810: 6792: 6788: 6775: 6774: 6767: 6755: 6751: 6737: 6735: 6727: 6726: 6722: 6712: 6710: 6701: 6700: 6696: 6686: 6684: 6677: 6673: 6672: 6668: 6658: 6656: 6651: 6650: 6646: 6636: 6634: 6625: 6624: 6620: 6610: 6608: 6600: 6599: 6595: 6585: 6583: 6581:The White House 6570: 6566: 6553: 6552: 6548: 6535: 6534: 6530: 6525:Wayback Machine 6516: 6512: 6502: 6500: 6495: 6494: 6490: 6480: 6478: 6469: 6468: 6461: 6451: 6449: 6440: 6439: 6435: 6425: 6423: 6413: 6409: 6399: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6388: 6381: 6374: 6367: 6357: 6355: 6342: 6341: 6334: 6324: 6322: 6309: 6308: 6298: 6297: 6288: 6278: 6276: 6263: 6262: 6253: 6243: 6241: 6232: 6231: 6222: 6212: 6210: 6202: 6201: 6197: 6187: 6185: 6177: 6176: 6172: 6162: 6160: 6152: 6151: 6147: 6137: 6135: 6127: 6126: 6122: 6112: 6110: 6102: 6101: 6097: 6087: 6085: 6077: 6076: 6072: 6062: 6060: 6052: 6051: 6047: 6037: 6035: 6027: 6026: 6022: 6012: 6010: 6002: 6001: 5994: 5984: 5982: 5974: 5973: 5969: 5959: 5957: 5949: 5948: 5941: 5931: 5929: 5921: 5920: 5913: 5903: 5901: 5893: 5892: 5885: 5875: 5873: 5865: 5864: 5857: 5847: 5845: 5837: 5836: 5829: 5819: 5817: 5813: 5812: 5808: 5798: 5796: 5787: 5786: 5773: 5763: 5761: 5757: 5751: 5728: 5718: 5716: 5703: 5702: 5689: 5679: 5677: 5670: 5666: 5665: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5650: 5645: 5641: 5632: 5628: 5619: 5615: 5579:(as opposed to 5555: 5551: 5546: 5542: 5529: 5525: 5520: 5472:Person of color 5407: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5390: 5385: 5376: 5371: 5362: 5357: 5348: 5346:Slovak ancestry 5343: 5334: 5329: 5320: 5315: 5306: 5301: 5292: 5287: 5278: 5273: 5264: 5262:Polish ancestry 5259: 5250: 5245: 5236: 5231: 5222: 5217: 5208: 5203: 5194: 5189: 5180: 5175: 5166: 5164:German ancestry 5161: 5152: 5149:French Canadian 5146: 5137: 5135:French ancestry 5132: 5123: 5118: 5109: 5104: 5095: 5090: 5081: 5079:Danish ancestry 5076: 5067: 5062: 5050: 5043: 5037: 5028: 5021: 5012: 5005: 4996: 4990: 4981: 4975: 4966: 4964:White Americans 4960: 4951: 4949:White Americans 4945: 4936: 4930: 4921: 4915: 4906: 4900: 4891: 4885: 4876: 4870: 4861: 4855: 4846: 4844:Asian Americans 4840: 4831: 4829:Asian Americans 4825: 4816: 4810: 4798: 4793: 4576:Native Hawaiian 4203:French Canadian 3774:(Not including 3735:French Canadian 3733:(Not including 3555: 3541: 3540: 3532: 3531: 3523: 3522: 3514: 3513: 3505: 3504: 3496: 3495: 3487: 3486: 3478: 3477: 3469: 3468: 3443: 3441: 3436: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3419: 3414: 3413: 3408: 3406: 3401: 3399: 3394: 3392: 3387: 3385: 3380: 3378: 3373: 3368: 3363: 3362: 3336:written history 3300: 2973: 2967: 2929: 2923: 2920: 2913:needs expansion 2907: 2896: 2863: 2823: 2817: 2791:). As of 2010, 2743: 2735:Main articles: 2733: 2609: 2595:Asian Americans 2593:Main articles: 2591: 2589:Asian Americans 2497:Cherokee Nation 2441:, particularly 2436: 2428:Main articles: 2426: 2353:and subject to 2351:disenfranchised 2327:Southern states 2309:fought for the 2220: 2214: 2070: 2062:Main articles: 2060: 2032:Greek Americans 1957:1848 Revolution 1945:Irish Americans 1928:Hart–Celler Act 1825:Cuban Americans 1771: 1765:White Americans 1763:Main articles: 1761: 1753: 1701:Great Migration 1363:Native American 1312:ethnic enclaves 1296: 1276:White Americans 1193:Stetson Kennedy 1181:Great Migration 1177:Jim Crow period 1149:white supremacy 1141:anthropologists 1133:Native American 1125: 1114: 1108: 1105: 1090: 1078: 1067: 1061: 1015: 1014: 1006: 991: 976: 961: 955:Some other race 946: 931: 916: 901: 868: 867: 859: 844: 838:Some other race 829: 814: 799: 784: 769: 754: 721: 711: 640:Native Hawaiian 583:American Indian 522:enslaved people 506: 493: 485:Main articles: 483: 377:Native Hawaiian 365:Native American 326: 294: 240: 46: 44:Culture of the 42: 33: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 12846: 12836: 12835: 12830: 12825: 12808: 12807: 12805: 12804: 12798: 12796: 12792: 12791: 12789: 12788: 12783: 12778: 12773: 12768: 12763: 12761:Indigenization 12758: 12753: 12751:Ethnosymbolism 12748: 12743: 12738: 12737: 12736: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12714:Ethnic penalty 12711: 12706: 12701: 12696: 12691: 12686: 12680: 12678: 12671: 12668: 12667: 12665: 12664: 12659: 12654: 12652:Model minority 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12632:Ethnopluralism 12629: 12624: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12577:Ethnic enclave 12574: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12548: 12546: 12540: 12539: 12537: 12536: 12531: 12530: 12529: 12524: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12469: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12419: 12414: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12379: 12374: 12369: 12363: 12361: 12351: 12348: 12347: 12345: 12344: 12343: 12342: 12337: 12327: 12320: 12319: 12318: 12313: 12301: 12300: 12299: 12294: 12292:Southeast Asia 12289: 12284: 12279: 12274: 12262: 12261: 12260: 12255: 12250: 12245: 12240: 12235: 12230: 12225: 12215: 12208: 12207: 12206: 12201: 12190: 12188: 12182: 12181: 12179: 12178: 12173: 12171:Ethnosemiotics 12168: 12163: 12158: 12153: 12148: 12143: 12141:Ethnomuseology 12138: 12133: 12128: 12127: 12126: 12116: 12111: 12106: 12101: 12100: 12099: 12094: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12074: 12069: 12064: 12059: 12054: 12044: 12039: 12034: 12033: 12032: 12027: 12022: 12017: 12007: 12002: 12000:Ethnic studies 11997: 11991: 11989: 11983: 11982: 11980: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11967:Supraethnicity 11964: 11959: 11954: 11949: 11944: 11939: 11934: 11929: 11928: 11927: 11920:Minority group 11917: 11915:Metroethnicity 11912: 11910:Meta-ethnicity 11907: 11902: 11897: 11892: 11887: 11886: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11860: 11854: 11852: 11848: 11847: 11840: 11839: 11832: 11825: 11817: 11808: 11807: 11804: 11803: 11801: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11787: 11786: 11785: 11775: 11770: 11765: 11760: 11754: 11751: 11750: 11748: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11732: 11727: 11722: 11717: 11712: 11707: 11701: 11699: 11693: 11692: 11690: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11628: 11626: 11622: 11621: 11619: 11618: 11617: 11616: 11611: 11603: 11602: 11601: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11581: 11576: 11571: 11566: 11561: 11550: 11548: 11542: 11541: 11539: 11538: 11537: 11536: 11535: 11534: 11529: 11519: 11514: 11509: 11504: 11503: 11502: 11497: 11492: 11487: 11482: 11477: 11472: 11458: 11457: 11451: 11450: 11449: 11448: 11443: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11413: 11408: 11401:Alaska Natives 11398: 11397: 11396: 11391: 11386: 11381: 11379:Tohono Oʼodham 11376: 11371: 11366: 11361: 11356: 11351: 11346: 11345: 11344: 11339: 11329: 11324: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11304: 11299: 11294: 11289: 11284: 11283: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11262: 11257: 11256: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11225: 11220: 11215: 11210: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11170: 11165: 11160: 11155: 11145: 11140: 11135: 11130: 11125: 11124: 11123: 11118: 11113: 11108: 11103: 11098: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11073: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11053: 11048: 11043: 11038: 11033: 11022: 11020: 11016: 11015: 11013: 11012: 11007: 11002: 11001: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10989: 10988: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10962: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10946: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10876: 10871: 10870: 10869: 10859: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10834: 10833: 10832: 10822: 10817: 10812: 10807: 10802: 10797: 10792: 10787: 10782: 10781: 10780: 10775: 10770: 10768:Manx Americans 10765: 10760: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10735: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10709: 10707: 10701: 10700: 10698: 10697: 10696: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10679: 10678: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10632: 10631: 10626: 10621: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10569:Arab Americans 10560: 10559: 10558: 10557: 10546: 10545: 10544: 10543: 10538: 10536:Thai Americans 10533: 10528: 10523: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10503: 10498: 10493: 10492: 10491: 10479:Southeast Asia 10476: 10475: 10474: 10473: 10472: 10462: 10461: 10460: 10455: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10434: 10433: 10428: 10423: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10393: 10388: 10387: 10386: 10371: 10370: 10369: 10364: 10359: 10354: 10349: 10344: 10339: 10338: 10337: 10336: 10335: 10330: 10325: 10320: 10303: 10302: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10266: 10265: 10264: 10249: 10248: 10247: 10236: 10234: 10230: 10229: 10227: 10226: 10225: 10224: 10223: 10222: 10212: 10211: 10210: 10205: 10200: 10195: 10179: 10178: 10177: 10176: 10175: 10174: 10169: 10168: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10117: 10112: 10107: 10097: 10096: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10080: 10070: 10069: 10068: 10063: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10023: 10021:Igbo Americans 10018: 10016:Fula Americans 10013: 10012: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9981: 9980: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9968: 9967: 9962: 9957: 9952: 9947: 9942: 9937: 9932: 9927: 9922: 9917: 9912: 9907: 9902: 9881: 9879: 9872: 9864: 9863: 9861: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9848:Scientologists 9845: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9824: 9823: 9821:Value Creators 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9778: 9777: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9751: 9746: 9740: 9738: 9732: 9731: 9729: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9703: 9702: 9701: 9696: 9691: 9681: 9676: 9671: 9669:Middle classes 9666: 9661: 9656: 9651: 9646: 9641: 9636: 9634:Home-ownership 9631: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9610: 9608: 9602: 9601: 9596: 9593: 9592: 9585: 9584: 9577: 9570: 9562: 9556: 9555: 9546: 9526: 9515: 9514:External links 9512: 9509: 9508: 9495: 9482: 9469: 9455: 9435: 9410: 9385: 9360: 9335: 9310: 9285: 9260: 9234: 9198: 9179: 9156: 9134: 9108: 9075: 9053: 9027: 9002: 8979:10.1086/491747 8973:(4): 519–532. 8953: 8915:10.1086/302148 8882: 8855:(6): 566–569. 8849:Human Genetics 8839: 8815: 8781:(4): 387–399. 8775:Human Genetics 8752: 8735:"Allen Turner" 8726: 8697: 8668: 8639: 8636:. May 9, 2016. 8625: 8599: 8570: 8545: 8519: 8493: 8479: 8450: 8393: 8369: 8354: 8336: 8313: 8287: 8273: 8253: 8223: 8197: 8170: 8157:Black Presence 8144: 8137: 8117: 8087: 8080: 8054: 8047: 8027: 7997: 7971: 7952: 7919: 7882: 7863: 7830: 7802: 7782: 7777:Newspapers.com 7757: 7732: 7703: 7677: 7665: 7658: 7640: 7633: 7611: 7593: 7562: 7533: 7518:"Demographics" 7505: 7490: 7464: 7445: 7408: 7379: 7363: 7350: 7337: 7300:(3): 411–429. 7280: 7268: 7242: 7216: 7195: 7168: 7138: 7109: 7022: 6965: 6938: 6927:on May 3, 2017 6905: 6880: 6855: 6834: 6808: 6786: 6765: 6749: 6720: 6694: 6666: 6644: 6633:. May 18, 2023 6618: 6593: 6564: 6546: 6528: 6510: 6488: 6459: 6433: 6407: 6379: 6365: 6332: 6286: 6275:on May 3, 2017 6251: 6220: 6195: 6170: 6145: 6120: 6095: 6070: 6045: 6020: 5992: 5967: 5939: 5911: 5883: 5855: 5827: 5806: 5771: 5726: 5687: 5658: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5649: 5648: 5639: 5626: 5613: 5549: 5540: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5515: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5413: 5412: 5396: 5393: 5392: 5391: 5388:Welsh ancestry 5386: 5379: 5377: 5372: 5365: 5363: 5358: 5351: 5349: 5344: 5337: 5335: 5330: 5323: 5321: 5316: 5309: 5307: 5302: 5295: 5293: 5288: 5281: 5279: 5274: 5267: 5265: 5260: 5253: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5237: 5232: 5225: 5223: 5220:Irish ancestry 5218: 5211: 5209: 5204: 5197: 5195: 5190: 5183: 5181: 5178:Greek ancestry 5176: 5169: 5167: 5162: 5155: 5153: 5147: 5140: 5138: 5133: 5126: 5124: 5119: 5112: 5110: 5105: 5098: 5096: 5093:Dutch ancestry 5091: 5084: 5082: 5077: 5070: 5068: 5065:Czech ancestry 5063: 5056: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5044: 5038: 5031: 5029: 5022: 5015: 5013: 5006: 4999: 4997: 4991: 4984: 4982: 4976: 4969: 4967: 4961: 4954: 4952: 4946: 4939: 4937: 4931: 4924: 4922: 4916: 4909: 4907: 4901: 4894: 4892: 4886: 4879: 4877: 4871: 4864: 4862: 4856: 4849: 4847: 4841: 4834: 4832: 4826: 4819: 4817: 4811: 4804: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4778: 4777: 4774: 4771: 4768: 4762: 4761: 4758: 4755: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4742: 4739: 4736: 4730: 4729: 4726: 4723: 4720: 4714: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4691: 4690: 4687: 4684: 4681: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4668: 4665: 4659: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4627: 4626: 4623: 4620: 4617: 4604: 4603: 4600: 4597: 4594: 4588: 4587: 4584: 4581: 4578: 4572: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4562: 4556: 4555: 4552: 4549: 4546: 4540: 4539: 4536: 4533: 4530: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4508: 4507: 4504: 4501: 4498: 4492: 4491: 4488: 4485: 4482: 4469: 4468: 4465: 4462: 4459: 4446: 4445: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4414: 4413: 4410: 4407: 4404: 4398: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4382: 4381: 4378: 4375: 4372: 4359: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4339: 4336: 4333: 4327: 4326: 4323: 4320: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4307: 4304: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4279: 4278: 4275: 4272: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4253: 4247: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4231: 4230: 4227: 4224: 4221: 4215: 4214: 4211: 4208: 4205: 4199: 4198: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4176: 4175: 4172: 4169: 4166: 4160: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4150: 4131: 4130: 4127: 4124: 4121: 4115: 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4099: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4054: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4011: 4010: 4007: 4004: 4001: 3995: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3979: 3978: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3963: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3947: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3910: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3900: 3894: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3868: 3862: 3861: 3858: 3855: 3852: 3846: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3823: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3813: 3807: 3806: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3791: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3766: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3750: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3740: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3668: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3652: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3636: 3635: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3620: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3583: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3554: 3551: 3299: 3296: 3189: 3188: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3158: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3141: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3121: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3101: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3081: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3061: 3060: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3041: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3022: 3021: 3019:Percent Change 3016: 3006: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2988: 2969:Main article: 2966: 2963: 2931: 2930: 2910: 2908: 2901: 2895: 2892: 2880:standard error 2862: 2859: 2819:Main article: 2816: 2813: 2793:American Samoa 2781:American Samoa 2777:US territories 2732: 2729: 2686:, which was a 2648:US territories 2613:Asian American 2590: 2587: 2501:North Carolina 2486:gaming casinos 2470:lineal descent 2434:Alaska Natives 2425: 2422: 2311:British Empire 2251:2010 US census 2216:Main article: 2213: 2210: 2209: 2208: 2083:long been home 2059: 2056: 1876:American Samoa 1760: 1757: 1752: 1749: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1745: 1735: 1724: 1718: 1708: 1697: 1691: 1684: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1648: 1638: 1624: 1623: 1622: 1619: 1606: 1600: 1581: 1580: 1579: 1573:Indian removal 1569: 1563: 1548: 1542: 1533: 1526: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1505: 1496: 1487: 1462: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1404:Settlement of 1402: 1388:American Samoa 1373: 1295: 1292: 1127: 1126: 1095:. Please help 1081: 1079: 1072: 1060: 1057: 1011: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1002: 996: 995: 992: 989: 987: 981: 980: 977: 974: 972: 966: 965: 962: 959: 957: 951: 950: 947: 944: 942: 936: 935: 932: 929: 927: 921: 920: 917: 914: 912: 906: 905: 902: 899: 897: 891: 890: 885: 883: 877: 876: 870: 869: 864: 863: 860: 857: 855: 849: 848: 845: 842: 840: 834: 833: 830: 827: 825: 819: 818: 815: 812: 810: 804: 803: 800: 797: 795: 789: 788: 785: 782: 780: 774: 773: 770: 767: 765: 759: 758: 755: 752: 750: 744: 743: 738: 736: 730: 729: 723: 722: 710: 707: 679: 678: 666: 660: 636: 629:Southeast Asia 607:Asian American 603: 579: 567: 542:White American 505: 502: 482: 479: 459:American Samoa 455:US territories 383:), as well as 328: 327: 325: 324: 317: 310: 302: 299: 298: 286: 285: 284: 283: 278: 273: 268: 263: 258: 253: 245: 244: 236: 235: 234: 233: 228: 223: 218: 217: 216: 211: 206: 201: 196: 186: 181: 176: 168: 167: 163: 162: 161: 160: 155: 150: 145: 144: 143: 138: 128: 123: 118: 113: 105: 104: 100: 99: 98: 97: 92: 91: 90: 80: 75: 67: 66: 62: 61: 51: 50: 38: 37: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 12845: 12834: 12831: 12829: 12826: 12824: 12821: 12820: 12818: 12803: 12800: 12799: 12797: 12793: 12787: 12784: 12782: 12779: 12777: 12774: 12772: 12769: 12767: 12764: 12762: 12759: 12757: 12754: 12752: 12749: 12747: 12744: 12742: 12741:Ethnocentrism 12739: 12735: 12732: 12731: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12700: 12699:Ethnic hatred 12697: 12695: 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12681: 12679: 12676: 12669: 12663: 12660: 12658: 12655: 12653: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12598: 12595: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12585: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12547: 12545: 12541: 12535: 12532: 12528: 12525: 12523: 12520: 12519: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12492:National myth 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12468: 12465: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12437:Folk religion 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12412:Ethnic origin 12410: 12408: 12407:Ethnic option 12405: 12403: 12400: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12383: 12380: 12378: 12375: 12373: 12370: 12368: 12365: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12354: 12349: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12333: 12332: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12325: 12321: 12317: 12314: 12312: 12309: 12308: 12307: 12306: 12302: 12298: 12295: 12293: 12290: 12288: 12285: 12283: 12282:Northern Asia 12280: 12278: 12275: 12273: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12267: 12263: 12259: 12258:South America 12256: 12254: 12251: 12249: 12246: 12244: 12243:United States 12241: 12239: 12236: 12234: 12231: 12229: 12226: 12224: 12221: 12220: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12213: 12209: 12205: 12202: 12200: 12197: 12196: 12195: 12192: 12191: 12189: 12187: 12183: 12177: 12176:Ethnotaxonomy 12174: 12172: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12152: 12149: 12147: 12144: 12142: 12139: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12131:Ethnomedicine 12129: 12125: 12122: 12121: 12120: 12117: 12115: 12112: 12110: 12107: 12105: 12102: 12098: 12095: 12093: 12090: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12068: 12067:Institutional 12065: 12063: 12060: 12058: 12055: 12053: 12050: 12049: 12048: 12045: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12035: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12025:Ethnomycology 12023: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12012: 12011: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11992: 11990: 11988: 11984: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11952:Polyethnicity 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11932:Monoethnicity 11930: 11926: 11923: 11922: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11911: 11908: 11906: 11903: 11901: 11898: 11896: 11893: 11891: 11888: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11865: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11856: 11855: 11853: 11849: 11845: 11838: 11833: 11831: 11826: 11824: 11819: 11818: 11815: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11791: 11788: 11784: 11781: 11780: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11771: 11769: 11766: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11756: 11755: 11752: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11731: 11728: 11726: 11723: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11711: 11708: 11706: 11703: 11702: 11700: 11698: 11694: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11629: 11627: 11625:South America 11623: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11606: 11604: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11580: 11577: 11575: 11572: 11570: 11567: 11565: 11562: 11560: 11557: 11556: 11555: 11552: 11551: 11549: 11547: 11543: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11524: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11513: 11510: 11508: 11505: 11501: 11498: 11496: 11493: 11491: 11488: 11486: 11483: 11481: 11478: 11476: 11473: 11471: 11468: 11467: 11465: 11464: 11463: 11460: 11459: 11456: 11453: 11452: 11447: 11444: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11403: 11402: 11399: 11395: 11392: 11390: 11387: 11385: 11382: 11380: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11362: 11360: 11357: 11355: 11352: 11350: 11347: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11334: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11310: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11293: 11290: 11288: 11285: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11261: 11258: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11230: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11219: 11216: 11214: 11211: 11209: 11206: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11169: 11166: 11164: 11161: 11159: 11156: 11154: 11151: 11150: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11139: 11136: 11134: 11131: 11129: 11126: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11107: 11104: 11102: 11099: 11097: 11094: 11093: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11044: 11042: 11039: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11029: 11028: 11027: 11024: 11023: 11021: 11019:North America 11017: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11003: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10987: 10984: 10983: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10941: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10868: 10865: 10864: 10863: 10860: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10845: 10843: 10840: 10838: 10835: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10826: 10823: 10821: 10818: 10816: 10813: 10811: 10808: 10806: 10803: 10801: 10798: 10796: 10793: 10791: 10788: 10786: 10783: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10755: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10734: 10731: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10715: 10714: 10711: 10710: 10708: 10706: 10702: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10677: 10674: 10673: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10630: 10627: 10625: 10622: 10620: 10617: 10615: 10612: 10610: 10607: 10605: 10602: 10600: 10597: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10571: 10570: 10567: 10566: 10565: 10562: 10561: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10551: 10548: 10547: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10532: 10529: 10527: 10524: 10522: 10519: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10502: 10499: 10497: 10494: 10490: 10487: 10486: 10485: 10482: 10481: 10480: 10477: 10471: 10468: 10467: 10466: 10463: 10459: 10456: 10454: 10451: 10450: 10449: 10446: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10432: 10429: 10427: 10424: 10422: 10419: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10398: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10385: 10382: 10381: 10380: 10377: 10376: 10375: 10372: 10368: 10365: 10363: 10360: 10358: 10355: 10353: 10350: 10348: 10345: 10343: 10340: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10319: 10316: 10315: 10314: 10313: 10312: 10309: 10308: 10307: 10304: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10263: 10260: 10259: 10258: 10255: 10254: 10253: 10250: 10246: 10243: 10242: 10241: 10238: 10237: 10235: 10231: 10221: 10218: 10217: 10216: 10213: 10209: 10206: 10204: 10201: 10199: 10196: 10194: 10191: 10190: 10189: 10186: 10185: 10184: 10181: 10180: 10173: 10170: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10116: 10113: 10111: 10108: 10106: 10103: 10102: 10101: 10098: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10079: 10076: 10075: 10074: 10071: 10067: 10064: 10062: 10059: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10028: 10027: 10024: 10022: 10019: 10017: 10014: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9991: 9990: 9987: 9986: 9985: 9982: 9978: 9977:Black Indians 9975: 9973: 9970: 9966: 9963: 9961: 9958: 9956: 9953: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9943: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9926: 9923: 9921: 9918: 9916: 9913: 9911: 9908: 9906: 9903: 9901: 9898: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9892: 9891: 9888: 9887: 9886: 9883: 9882: 9880: 9876: 9873: 9871: 9865: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9838:Non-religious 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9798: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9756: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9741: 9739: 9737: 9733: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9700: 9697: 9695: 9692: 9690: 9687: 9686: 9685: 9682: 9680: 9677: 9675: 9672: 9670: 9667: 9665: 9662: 9660: 9657: 9655: 9652: 9650: 9647: 9645: 9642: 9640: 9637: 9635: 9632: 9630: 9627: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9611: 9609: 9603: 9599: 9594: 9590: 9583: 9578: 9576: 9571: 9569: 9564: 9563: 9560: 9554: 9550: 9547: 9544: 9540: 9536: 9533: 9532: 9527: 9525: 9521: 9518: 9517: 9505: 9499: 9492: 9486: 9479: 9473: 9458: 9456:9780826416438 9452: 9448: 9447: 9439: 9424: 9420: 9414: 9399: 9395: 9389: 9374: 9370: 9364: 9349: 9345: 9339: 9324: 9320: 9314: 9299: 9295: 9289: 9274: 9270: 9264: 9248: 9244: 9238: 9219: 9215: 9208: 9202: 9194: 9190: 9183: 9167: 9160: 9144: 9138: 9127:September 13, 9122: 9118: 9112: 9096: 9092: 9088: 9082: 9080: 9063: 9057: 9042: 9038: 9031: 9016: 9012: 9006: 8998: 8994: 8989: 8984: 8980: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8964: 8957: 8938: 8934: 8930: 8925: 8920: 8916: 8912: 8908: 8904: 8897: 8893: 8886: 8878: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8854: 8850: 8843: 8825: 8819: 8804: 8800: 8796: 8792: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8776: 8769: 8765: 8759: 8757: 8740: 8736: 8730: 8715: 8708: 8701: 8685: 8681: 8675: 8673: 8657: 8653: 8649: 8643: 8635: 8629: 8613: 8609: 8603: 8588: 8584: 8580: 8574: 8559: 8555: 8549: 8533: 8529: 8523: 8508: 8504: 8497: 8489: 8483: 8476: 8465: 8461: 8454: 8446: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8420: 8416: 8412: 8408: 8404: 8397: 8379: 8373: 8365: 8358: 8350: 8346: 8340: 8324: 8317: 8306:September 11, 8301: 8297: 8291: 8280:September 11, 8276: 8274:9780787706036 8270: 8266: 8265: 8257: 8246:September 11, 8241: 8237: 8233: 8227: 8216:September 11, 8211: 8207: 8201: 8190:September 11, 8185: 8181: 8174: 8163:September 11, 8158: 8154: 8148: 8140: 8138:9780837189468 8134: 8130: 8129: 8121: 8115: 8114:1-4157-0217-9 8111: 8108: 8104: 8096: 8091: 8083: 8081:9780679640578 8077: 8073: 8068: 8067: 8058: 8050: 8048:9780807846940 8044: 8040: 8039: 8031: 8020:September 11, 8015: 8011: 8007: 8001: 7985: 7981: 7975: 7967: 7963: 7956: 7945:September 11, 7940: 7936: 7932: 7926: 7924: 7904: 7900: 7893: 7886: 7879: 7878:archive.today 7875: 7872: 7867: 7856:September 11, 7851: 7844: 7837: 7835: 7815: 7809: 7807: 7798: 7797: 7792: 7786: 7778: 7774: 7773: 7768: 7761: 7742: 7736: 7729: 7713: 7707: 7692: 7688: 7681: 7674: 7669: 7661: 7659:9780870136672 7655: 7651: 7644: 7636: 7634:9780814328125 7630: 7625: 7624: 7615: 7607: 7603: 7597: 7582: 7575: 7569: 7567: 7551: 7544: 7537: 7519: 7512: 7510: 7501: 7494: 7478: 7474: 7468: 7460: 7456: 7449: 7430: 7426: 7419: 7412: 7396: 7389: 7383: 7376: 7370: 7368: 7360: 7354: 7347: 7341: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7317: 7313: 7308: 7303: 7299: 7295: 7291: 7284: 7277: 7272: 7257: 7253: 7246: 7231: 7227: 7220: 7212: 7205: 7199: 7183: 7177: 7175: 7173: 7156: 7152: 7148: 7142: 7134: 7130: 7123: 7119: 7113: 7097: 7082: 7067: 7052: 7037: 7031: 7029: 7027: 7010: 6995: 6980: 6974: 6972: 6970: 6955: 6951: 6945: 6943: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6912: 6910: 6894: 6890: 6884: 6865: 6859: 6844: 6838: 6822: 6818: 6812: 6806: 6804: 6803:9780801883934 6800: 6796: 6790: 6782: 6778: 6772: 6770: 6762: 6758: 6753: 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and others. 5610: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5585:South African 5582: 5578: 5577:nationalities 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5559: 5553: 5544: 5537: 5533: 5527: 5523: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5414: 5410: 5399: 5389: 5383: 5378: 5375: 5369: 5364: 5361: 5355: 5350: 5347: 5341: 5336: 5333: 5327: 5322: 5319: 5313: 5308: 5305: 5299: 5294: 5291: 5285: 5280: 5277: 5271: 5266: 5263: 5257: 5252: 5249: 5243: 5238: 5235: 5229: 5224: 5221: 5215: 5210: 5207: 5201: 5196: 5193: 5187: 5182: 5179: 5173: 5168: 5165: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5144: 5139: 5136: 5130: 5125: 5122: 5116: 5111: 5108: 5102: 5097: 5094: 5088: 5083: 5080: 5074: 5069: 5066: 5060: 5055: 5054: 5053: 5041: 5035: 5030: 5026: 5019: 5014: 5010: 5003: 4998: 4994: 4988: 4983: 4979: 4973: 4968: 4965: 4958: 4953: 4950: 4943: 4938: 4935: 4928: 4923: 4920: 4913: 4908: 4905: 4898: 4893: 4890: 4883: 4878: 4875: 4868: 4863: 4860: 4853: 4848: 4845: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4823: 4818: 4815: 4812:Frequency of 4808: 4803: 4802: 4801: 4791:Ancestry maps 4788: 4785: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4767: 4764: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4731: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4715: 4711: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4697: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4640: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4628: 4624: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4606: 4605: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4577: 4574: 4573: 4569: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4541: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4525: 4521: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4493: 4489: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4475: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4452: 4448: 4447: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4427: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 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3933: 3932: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3915: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3895: 3891: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3851: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3829: 3825: 3824: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3804: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3771: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3751: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3730: 3727: 3726: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3714: 3711: 3710: 3706: 3703: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3653: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3621: 3617: 3614: 3611: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3588: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3571: 3570: 3567: 3565: 3560: 3547: 3538: 3529: 3520: 3511: 3502: 3493: 3484: 3475: 3466: 3461: 3453: 3446: 3439: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3417: 3411: 3404: 3397: 3390: 3383: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3347: 3343: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3317: 3313: 3309: 3304: 3295: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3234: 3232: 3231:Puerto Ricans 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3209:Per the 2019 3206: 3201: 3198: 3195: 3183: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3122: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3082: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3024: 3023: 3017: 3015: 3007: 3005: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2981: 2978: 2977: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2944: 2942: 2938: 2927: 2918: 2914: 2911:This section 2909: 2905: 2900: 2899: 2891: 2888: 2883: 2881: 2875: 2871: 2869: 2858: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2840: 2836: 2835:miscegenation 2831: 2828: 2822: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2775: 2771: 2766: 2764: 2758: 2756: 2751: 2747: 2742: 2738: 2728: 2726: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2665: 2659: 2657: 2653: 2649: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2629:New York City 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2586: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2572: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2532:Navajo Nation 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2489: 2487: 2483: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2458: 2456: 2452: 2448: 2447:Alaska Native 2444: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2421: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2378: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2355:Jim Crow laws 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2279: 2275: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2232: 2228: 2224: 2219: 2206: 2203: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2111: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2092: 2086: 2084: 2080: 2075: 2069: 2065: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1973: 1971: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1936: 1934: 1929: 1923: 1921: 1917: 1913: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1869: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1756: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1678: 1677: 1676: 1673: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1642:Homestead Act 1639: 1636: 1632: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1553: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1539: 1534: 1531: 1527: 1524: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1469:Old Northwest 1466: 1463: 1460: 1459:the Southwest 1456: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1444: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1370:Alaska Native 1367: 1366:First Nations 1364: 1360: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1351: 1350: 1348: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1291: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1248:one-drop rule 1244: 1241: 1240:Sally Hemings 1237: 1233: 1227: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1212: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1173: 1168: 1166: 1160: 1158: 1154: 1153:blood quantum 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1134: 1123: 1120: 1112: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1088: 1087: 1082:This section 1080: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1066: 1056: 1054: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1003: 1001: 997: 988: 986: 982: 973: 971: 967: 958: 956: 952: 943: 941: 937: 928: 926: 922: 913: 911: 907: 898: 896: 892: 889: 884: 882: 878: 873: 856: 854: 850: 841: 839: 835: 826: 824: 820: 811: 809: 805: 796: 794: 790: 781: 779: 775: 766: 764: 760: 751: 749: 745: 742: 737: 735: 731: 726: 720: 716: 706: 703: 699: 694: 692: 688: 685:In 2007, the 683: 676: 675: 670: 667: 664: 661: 658: 654: 650: 646: 645: 641: 637: 634: 630: 626: 622: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 601: 600:South America 597: 593: 589: 588: 587:Alaska Native 584: 580: 577: 573: 572: 568: 565: 561: 557: 553: 551: 547: 543: 539: 538: 537: 535: 534:Census Bureau 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 497: 492: 488: 478: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 451: 447: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 400: 398: 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 369:Alaska Native 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 343: 339: 335: 334:United States 323: 318: 316: 311: 309: 304: 303: 301: 300: 297: 292: 288: 287: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 262: 259: 257: 254: 252: 249: 248: 247: 246: 243: 238: 237: 232: 229: 227: 224: 222: 219: 215: 212: 210: 207: 205: 202: 200: 197: 195: 192: 191: 190: 187: 185: 182: 180: 177: 175: 172: 171: 170: 169: 165: 164: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 132: 129: 127: 124: 122: 119: 117: 114: 112: 109: 108: 107: 106: 102: 101: 96: 93: 89: 86: 85: 84: 81: 79: 76: 74: 71: 70: 69: 68: 64: 63: 57: 53: 52: 49: 47:United States 40: 39: 36: 31: 30: 27: 19: 12776:Xenocentrism 12734:Ethnic riots 12719:Ethnic slurs 12709:Ethnic party 12672:Ideology and 12592:Ethnic media 12534:White ethnic 12527:Neotribalism 12482:Nation state 12427:Ethnofiction 12358:ethnogenesis 12329: 12322: 12303: 12272:Central Asia 12264: 12242: 12217: 12210: 12193: 12166:Ethnoscience 12156:Ethnopoetics 12104:Ethnohistory 12042:Ethnogeology 12030:Ethnozoology 12020:Ethnoecology 12010:Ethnobiology 11995:Anthropology 11947:Panethnicity 11863:Ethnic group 10252:Central Asia 9867: 9858:Zoroastrians 9706:Social class 9530: 9503: 9498: 9490: 9485: 9477: 9472: 9460:. 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Retrieved 6580: 6573:Orvis, Karin 6567: 6559:the original 6549: 6541:the original 6531: 6513: 6501:. Retrieved 6491: 6479:. Retrieved 6475:the original 6450:. Retrieved 6446:the original 6436: 6424:. Retrieved 6420: 6410: 6398:. Retrieved 6358:November 29, 6356:. Retrieved 6352:the original 6347: 6325:November 29, 6323:. Retrieved 6319:the original 6314: 6304:the original 6279:November 29, 6277:. Retrieved 6273:the original 6268: 6242:. Retrieved 6237: 6211:. Retrieved 6207: 6198: 6186:. Retrieved 6182: 6173: 6161:. Retrieved 6157: 6148: 6136:. Retrieved 6132: 6123: 6111:. Retrieved 6107: 6098: 6086:. Retrieved 6082: 6073: 6061:. Retrieved 6057: 6048: 6036:. Retrieved 6032: 6023: 6011:. Retrieved 6007: 5983:. Retrieved 5979: 5970: 5958:. Retrieved 5954: 5930:. Retrieved 5926: 5902:. Retrieved 5898: 5874:. Retrieved 5870: 5846:. Retrieved 5842: 5818:. Retrieved 5809: 5799:February 28, 5797:. Retrieved 5792: 5762:. Retrieved 5717:. Retrieved 5713:the original 5678:. Retrieved 5662: 5642: 5629: 5616: 5608: 5604: 5593:Puerto Rican 5552: 5543: 5526: 5051: 4799: 4784:demographers 4781: 4699: 4608: 4477: 4474:Scandinavian 4454: 4367: 4184: 4137: 4060: 4018: 3935:Scotch-Irish 3916: 3831: 3772: 3754:Puerto Rican 3731: 3674: 3589: 3563: 3556: 3546:Puerto Rican 3444:Puerto Rican 3305: 3301: 3292: 3235: 3219:Puerto Rican 3208: 3203: 3199: 3192: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3011: 3001: 2975: 2974: 2948: 2945: 2934: 2924:January 2022 2921: 2917:adding to it 2912: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2864: 2855: 2843:assimilation 2832: 2824: 2767: 2759: 2744: 2721: 2660: 2610: 2568: 2564:South Dakota 2522:, northwest 2509: 2490: 2478: 2459: 2437: 2379: 2371: 2271: 2247:South Africa 2221: 2204: 2199: 2163:Saudi Arabia 2112: 2100:North Africa 2087: 2071: 2017: 2005:Puerto Rican 1974: 1959:in Germany. 1953:Great Famine 1937: 1924: 1829: 1799:North Africa 1783:White people 1780: 1754: 1732:black flight 1728:white flight 1674: 1661:Oregon Trail 1626: 1583: 1550: 1536: 1494:Hudson River 1453:, including 1446:Colonization 1445: 1406:the Antilles 1353: 1344: 1332: 1320:Afro-Eurasia 1297: 1256: 1245: 1228: 1216: 1204:Omaha people 1197: 1172:sharecropper 1169: 1161: 1138: 1130: 1115: 1106: 1086:verification 1083: 1052: 1050: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1016: 887: 880: 740: 733: 695: 684: 680: 672: 668: 662: 638: 605: 581: 569: 564:North Africa 540: 518:free persons 514:white people 507: 452: 448: 401: 331: 111:Architecture 87: 32: 26: 12704:Ethnic joke 12512:Tribal name 12497:Origin myth 12472:Mythomoteur 12402:Ethnic flag 12387:Development 12072:Netnography 12047:Ethnography 12037:Ethnocinema 12015:Ethnobotany 11942:Nationality 11778:2010 census 11697:Multiethnic 10986:Californios 10867:before 1880 9774:Protestants 9736:By religion 9649:Immigration 9605:By economic 9149:February 4, 8745:November 9, 8469:October 21, 8386:January 16, 8321:Kusow, AM. 8296:"The Prize" 7912:January 27, 7586:February 9, 7555:February 6, 7526:February 6, 7438:January 22, 6848:December 7, 6777:"Home Page" 6659:December 2, 6481:November 2, 5764:January 30, 5622:multiracial 5609:interracial 5583:), such as 5581:ethnicities 5040:West Indian 5023:Percent of 5007:Density of 4962:Percent of 4947:Density of 4932:Percent of 4917:Density of 4902:Percent of 4887:Density of 4872:Percent of 4857:Density of 4842:Percent of 4827:Density of 4082:(164,851), 4078:(171,969), 4076:Palestinian 4074:(203,282), 4070:(334,574), 4066:(583,719), 4062:(Including 4020:(Including 3704:16,009,774 3688:17,786,214 3685:14,929,899 3663:30,655,612 3647:31,380,620 3644:12,331,696 3631:37,414,772 3615:41,137,168 3612:13,241,923 3599:47,859,760 3596:40,603,656 3320:melting pot 3288:Puerto Rico 3147:26,225,882 3050:12,579,626 3030:20,299,960 3026:Multiracial 2995:Population 2953:'s data on 2847:integration 2684:Philippines 2680:South Asian 2571:2020 census 2474:Dawes Rolls 2365:due to the 2278:slavery era 2274:West Africa 2187:Azerbaijani 2096:Middle East 1888:Puerto Rico 1795:Middle East 1584:Immigration 1567:plantations 1481:New England 1479:, northern 1414:Puerto Rico 1308:2000 census 1304:birth rates 1300:immigration 1208:patrilineal 1200:hypodescent 674:multiracial 560:Middle East 526:2000 census 471:Puerto Rico 12817:Categories 12786:Xenophobia 12781:Xenophilia 12756:Indigenism 12684:Allophilia 12617:Ethnocracy 12507:Statistext 12442:Historical 12335:Indigenous 12287:South Asia 12223:Indigenous 11957:Population 11705:Afro-Asian 11327:Potawatomi 11158:Chemehuevi 10374:South Asia 9843:Rastafaris 9801:Ahmadiyyas 9754:Christians 9629:Emigration 9607:and social 9478:Demography 9462:August 21, 9041:Census.gov 8808:August 24, 8507:Census.gov 7990:October 1, 7477:Census.gov 7401:August 13, 7395:census.gov 7294:Demography 7256:Census.gov 7230:Census.gov 6421:Al Jazeera 5654:References 5536:Arab world 4679:Lithuanian 4544:Venezuelan 4512:Ecuadorian 4441:1,127,518 4425:1,138,855 4409:1,164,728 4393:1,188,711 4377:1,196,265 4354:1,200,706 4338:1,219,212 4322:1,234,336 4306:1,247,165 4290:1,350,442 4283:Portuguese 4274:1,449,888 4258:1,451,271 4242:1,521,565 4226:1,587,040 4210:1,626,456 4194:1,721,108 4191:1,297,668 4171:1,878,599 4164:Guatemalan 4155:1,926,228 4145:New Mexico 4126:2,051,572 4123:1,501,587 4110:2,099,079 4094:2,237,982 4091:1,502,360 4049:2,276,867 4026:Californio 4006:2,301,868 4003:1,887,550 3999:Vietnamese 3990:2,396,784 3974:2,435,573 3958:2,480,509 3951:Salvadoran 3942:2,524,746 3926:2,550,528 3905:3,019,465 3889:3,317,462 3886:1,224,373 3873:3,936,772 3857:4,466,918 3854:2,969,978 3841:4,819,541 3838:3,718,055 3818:4,946,306 3815:4,534,339 3802:5,352,344 3799:1,555,579 3786:5,465,428 3783:4,258,198 3761:5,905,178 3745:6,310,548 3742:1,360,631 3720:8,249,491 3717:2,658,632 3701:5,766,634 3660:8,649,243 3559:ancestries 3283:Panamanian 3275:Venezuelan 3271:Nicaraguan 3267:Salvadoran 3259:Ecuadorian 3243:Guatemalan 3227:Salvadoran 3167:62,080,044 3090:1,163,862 3070:1,475,436 2857:Islander. 2787:, and the 2748:and other 2625:West Coast 2617:California 2569:As of the 2524:New Mexico 2243:Afrikaners 2104:Arab world 2102:, and the 2013:Salvadoran 1981:New France 1916:New Mexico 1900:California 1890:, and the 1860:New Mexico 1852:California 1617:West Coast 1424:-speaking 1416:, by the " 1390:, and the 1316:immigrants 1165:half-breed 1063:See also: 713:See also: 657:Micronesia 631:, and the 508:The first 432:New Mexico 424:California 342:ethnically 256:Great Seal 194:newspapers 131:Literature 12746:Ethnocide 12612:Ethnoburb 12517:Tribalism 12305:Australia 12297:West Asia 12277:East Asia 12248:Caribbean 12233:Greenland 12114:Ethnology 11987:Ethnology 11925:Influence 11844:Ethnicity 11735:Melungeon 11710:Amerasian 11436:Tsimshian 11243:Chochenyo 11188:Kitanemuk 11138:Menominee 11121:Tuscarora 11056:Chickasaw 11041:Blackfeet 10564:West Asia 10306:East Asia 9833:Neopagans 9759:Catholics 9749:Buddhists 9614:Affluence 8592:April 25, 8427:0002-9297 6873:March 10, 6745:Hispanic. 6611:March 28, 6586:March 28, 6400:April 19, 5680:April 16, 5601:Melungeon 4782:However, 4734:Brazilian 4694:Broadly " 4631:Pakistani 4472:Broadly " 4449:Broadly " 4402:Ukrainian 4299:Hungarian 4251:Colombian 4179:Broadly “ 3983:Dominican 3882:Norwegian 3826:Broadly " 3776:Taiwanese 3678:old-stock 3572:Ancestry 3375:Norwegian 3351:plurality 3324:genealogy 3279:Argentine 3247:Colombian 3239:Dominican 3003:Hispanics 2957:, or the 2882:of 1.2%. 2688:US colony 2544:Minnesota 2323:abolished 2259:Northeast 2235:Caribbean 2159:Palestine 2052:Armenians 1997:Southwest 1985:Huguenots 1983:; exiled 1832:Northeast 1805:" and a " 1722:Dust Bowl 1711:Railroads 1477:Louisiana 1426:ancestors 1418:Ortoiroid 1392:Chamorros 1349:include: 1302:and high 1257:The term 1109:June 2022 1093:talk page 653:Melanesia 649:Polynesia 404:Northeast 397:ethnicity 261:Monuments 226:Mythology 221:Americana 179:Festivals 153:Sculpture 12766:Nativism 12432:Ethnonym 12397:Ethnarch 12353:Identity 12340:European 12218:Americas 12062:Critical 12057:Clinical 11851:Concepts 11715:Blaxican 11527:Chicanos 11421:Gwich'in 11369:Shoshone 11359:Seminole 11287:Muscogee 11260:Tataviam 11223:Suisunes 11173:Diegueño 11153:Cahuilla 11111:Onondaga 11091:Iroquois 11071:Comanche 11066:Colville 11051:Cheyenne 11046:Cherokee 9659:Language 9535:Archived 9101:April 8, 8997:16175499 8894:(1998). 8877:30319228 8869:12436248 8795:12579416 8563:July 15, 8538:April 1, 8512:April 1, 8445:25529636 8105:. ©1997 8014:Archived 7874:Archived 7332:41503995 7188:July 25, 6959:July 25, 6931:July 25, 6738:April 6, 6713:April 2, 6631:USAFacts 6521:Archived 6452:July 19, 6244:March 2, 5589:Belizean 5561:Mestizos 5558:Hispanic 5395:See also 5151:ancestry 5042:ancestry 5027:ancestry 5025:Hispanic 5011:ancestry 5009:Hispanic 4995:ancestry 4980:ancestry 4773:519,658 4770:392,051 4757:542,459 4754:249,309 4750:Canadian 4741:546,757 4738:389,082 4725:584,517 4722:123,987 4718:Austrian 4709:591,806 4706:218,730 4686:598,508 4683:167,355 4670:602,949 4667:186,902 4654:606,028 4651:189,603 4638:625,570 4635:560,494 4622:634,503 4619:315,313 4599:712,294 4596:532,438 4592:Nigerian 4583:714,847 4580:185,466 4567:751,519 4560:Peruvian 4551:814,080 4535:847,247 4532:196,120 4519:870,965 4503:875,183 4500:548,717 4487:935,153 4484:372,673 4464:951,384 4461:566,715 4438:268,019 4422:937,373 4406:565,431 4390:340,768 4374:503,077 4364:“British 4362:Broadly 4351:486,878 4331:Honduran 4319:903,516 4315:Jamaican 4303:390,561 4287:543,531 4271:239,224 4267:Cherokee 4239:293,551 4223:717,413 4219:Japanese 4207:694,089 4141:Hispanos 4107:747,866 4084:Moroccan 4068:Egyptian 4064:Lebanese 3939:940,337 3923:493,837 3902:858,809 3870:740,478 3850:Filipino 3828:European 3795:Scottish 3676:(Mostly 3672:American 3581:% Total 3537:Japanese 3483:American 3431:American 3361:in 2000: 3355:majority 3328:genetics 3298:Ancestry 3294:Latino. 3263:Peruvian 3251:Honduran 3127:(alone) 3110:267,330 3107:(alone) 3087:(alone) 3067:(alone) 3047:(alone) 2805:Chamorro 2672:Japanese 2654:and the 2583:Americas 2548:Nebraska 2493:Oklahoma 2394:Ethiopia 2347:Congress 2305:, while 2191:Georgian 2048:Israelis 2044:Iranians 1908:Maryland 1868:Maryland 1743:Sun Belt 1615:and the 1577:Oklahoma 1485:New York 1438:Kalinago 1398:and the 1336:octaroon 1263:ethnonym 1259:Hispanic 1252:Americas 1219:Virginia 1157:one-drop 625:Far East 465:and the 440:Maryland 338:racially 214:Internet 184:Folklore 95:Religion 78:Language 12795:Related 12452:Kinship 12392:Endonym 12382:Demonym 12330:Oceania 12087:Salvage 11740:Mulatto 11546:Oceania 11441:Tlingit 11431:Iñupiat 11416:Alutiiq 11364:Shawnee 11349:Quechan 11233:Awaswas 11218:Serrano 11213:Salinan 11193:Luiseño 11183:Juaneño 11178:Esselen 11163:Chumash 11061:Choctaw 11031:Abenaki 9796:Muslims 9769:Mormons 9764:Coptics 9744:Baha'is 9679:Poverty 9428:July 3, 9403:July 3, 9378:July 3, 9353:July 3, 9328:July 3, 9303:July 3, 9278:July 3, 9046:July 4, 8988:1275602 8946:May 16, 8933:9837836 8924:1377655 8832:May 16, 8803:7877572 8661:May 11, 8618:June 7, 8436:4289685 8329:May 10, 8012:. 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