941:
575:, who was a poet, and artist. As an advocate for Nicaraguan Creole, In 2008 she was honored with an annual literary award bearing her name, the June Beer Literary Prize in Mother Tongues (Premio Literario Internacional en Lenguas Maternas “June Beer”), which is awarded to authors who produce works in indigenous or Creole languages.
477:
signed the Treaty of
Managua which gave a portion of an area to the natives there and allowed it to be self-governed. That allowed for the African communities to grow and flourish. Their culture became solid after it had gained economic, political and social control over the Mosquito Coast. The
484:
In the mid-19th century, more
English- or Creole-speaking laborers, primarily from Jamaica, were brought to the Coast as laborers. However, following the 1894 formal annexation of the Miskito Kingdom by Nicaragua, an increasing number of Spanish-speakers migrated to the area.
583:
The
Nicaraguan Creole English language is spoken as a primary first language by only 35,000 to 50,000 Creoles, Nicaraguan Garifuna, and some Miskitos. The language is being quickly replaced with Spanish with fewer and fewer people speaking it.
516:
By the late 20th century, the coast was becoming more integrated economically and socially. The Creole people have now become a minority in the areas in which they had previously predominated. Many
Creoles now speak mostly
513:. The autonomous status has allowed for the promotion and the development of the languages of the Caribbean Coast and as of 1992, there was an education in English and Spanish, as well as education in indigenous languages.
187:; its approximately 40,000 speakers are spread over the RACCN and RACCS regions of Nicaragua. The region, known before 1986 as the Zelaya department, is today administratively separated into two autonomous regions:
472:
in a treaty that was put forth. Slaves who ran away or who were abandoned had made their own
African communities at Bluefields. Many escaped slaves from other islands had also come over to the area to settle down.
722:
Chalres R. Hale and Edmund T. Gordon. 1987. "Costeno
Demography: Historical and Contemporary Demography of Nicaragua’s Atlantic Coast: An Historical Overview." In CIDCA 1987. Cited in Ken Decker and Andy Keener.
280:
Most of the creole speakers are located along the banks of the large rivers and lagoons that surround the area. Inland, the language is spoken in the "mining triangle" which compromises
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262:
464:
While they were here, the
African population renewed and transformed ita culture and traits by taking elements of its African culture and mixing it with
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1630:
1625:
915:
838:
A Report on the
English-Lexifier Creole of Nicaragua, also known as Miskito Coast Creole, with special reference to Bluefields and the Corn Islands
725:
A Report on the
English-Lexifier Creole of Nicaragua, also known as Miskito Coast Creole, with special reference to Bluefields and the Corn Islands
565:, manioc and other elements such as wheat flour and other processed foods. They have their own musical style which can be compared to West Indian
1230:
225:
It does not have the status of an official language in
Nicaragua, but it is a recognized language in the autonomous regions where it is spoken.
258:
1046:
1635:
1615:
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is the nickname that is given to the region and earlier residents by early Europeans who visited and settled in the area. The term "
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418:
African slaves were shipwrecked on the Mosquito Coast as early as 1640, which started the interaction between them and the local
270:
192:
188:
17:
700:"Nicaragua Travel: Your Nicaraguan Guide for Things to Do, Hotels, Dining, Shopping, Events & more | By Nicaragua Channel"
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between the 17th and the late 18th centuries. The escapees went to the jungles and soon formed relations with the local
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descent in the towns and on the offshore islands of the Miskito Coast. The main concentration of speakers is around
1620:
468:
along with the local Indian tribes which created a new culture. In 1787, the British abandoned their claims on the
613:
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901:
755:"Creoles of Nicaragua - Dictionary definition of Creoles of Nicaragua | Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary"
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even though many Creoles still protest on how they lost their political and economic power to the mestizos.
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with an average rainfall of 448 centimeters and temperatures that range 26.4 °C ( 79 °F ) and up.
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and consider themselves to be only Nicaraguan. There are many Creoles who have now intermarried with
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858:
http://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/creoles-nicaragua
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308:. A smaller portion of the population stays in large towns along the northern Caribbean coast of
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Very little literature has been produced in Nicaraguan Creole. The most regarded author has been
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Did you know Nicaragua Creole English is vulnerable? (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2017, from
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http://www.everyculture.com/Middle-America-Caribbean/Creoles-of-Nicaragua-Orientation.html
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269:, as well as other smaller communities in both regions. Bluefields is the capital of the
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Creoles of Nicaragua - Orientation. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2017, from
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Explore Nicaragua Languages. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2017, from
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people in the communities then began to start calling themselves
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English creoles. It is also sometimes classified as a dialect of
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296:. On the Pacific coast, there are small numbers of speakers in
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234:
214:, and retains a high degree of intelligibility with all other
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Creoles of Nicaragua. (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2017, from
1394:(Franch Guiana and Suriname; English and Portuguese based)
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312:, as well as other neighboring Central American countries.
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Speakers of Miskito Coast Creole are primarily persons of
850:
Creole Languages . (n.d.). Retrieved March 9, 2017, from
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The modern-day Creoles' ancestors came as escapees from
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Geographic distribution of Miskito Coast Creole in 1987
811:"Did you know Nicaragua Creole English is vulnerable?"
677:"Did you know Nicaragua Creole English is vulnerable?"
273:, where a large amount of inhabitants of the city are
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803:
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Some food that is used in their cooking consists of
840:." Summer Institute of Linguistics. February 1998.
727:." Summer Institute of Linguistics. February 1998.
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222:creole but this classification has been disputed.
206:Miskito creole is nearly identical to, and hence
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852:http://aboutworldlanguages.com/creole-languages
277:-speaking Nicaraguans from the Pacific Coast.
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876:Zeitschrift FĂĽr Dialektologie Und Linguistik,
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889:http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/4025
318:is a variety of the language spoken by the
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784:"Creole Languages | About World Languages"
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449:. The Coast was officially under British
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1631:South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
1626:North Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
437:to the Nicaraguan Caribbean coast from
271:South Caribbean Coast Autonomous Region
14:
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326:, an island in the Bluefields Lagoon.
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883:https://www.jstor.org/stable/43821567
636:"El inglés criollo del Caribe "nica""
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653:"Orientation - Creoles of Nicaragua"
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1636:Languages of the African diaspora
1616:English language in North America
1606:English-based pidgins and creoles
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455:Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
27:English-based creole of Nicaragua
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304:, and the Nicaraguan capital of
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1240:English-based creole languages
1063:English-based creole languages
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1:
1380:(French Guiana and Suriname)
881:(1), 115–118. Retrieved from
836:Ken Decker and Andy Keener. "
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614:San Andrés-Providencia Creole
329:The environment is that of a
173:English-based creole language
1386:(French Guiana and Suriname)
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1021:Nicaraguan Sign Language
874:Mühlhäusler, P. (2015).
497:granted autonomy to the
143:Nicaragua Creole English
30:Not to be confused with
1621:Creoles of the Americas
788:aboutworldlanguages.com
489:20th and 21st centuries
229:Geographic distribution
1611:Languages of Nicaragua
1491:San Andrés–Providencia
925:Languages of Nicaragua
426:17th to 19th centuries
18:Miskito Coastal Creole
1580:Torres Strait Islands
557:(in its many forms),
511:South Caribbean Coast
208:mutually intelligible
193:South Caribbean Coast
189:North Caribbean Coast
1517:Australian Aborginal
1510:Asia and the Pacific
1359:Afro-Seminole Creole
964:Indigenous languages
815:Endangered Languages
759:www.encyclopedia.com
657:www.everyculture.com
539:Creoles of Nicaragua
165:MĂskito Coast Creole
87:Miskito Coast Creole
40:Miskito Coast Creole
1321:Antigua and Barbuda
1297:(Equatorial Guinea)
1083:Antigua and Barbuda
345:Number of speakers
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331:tropical rainforest
1554:(Papua New Guinea)
638:. 6 February 2005.
503:autonomous regions
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175:spoken in coastal
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932:Official language
704:www.nicaragua.com
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443:Indigenous tribes
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294:Prinzapolka River
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16:(Redirected from
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1560:Ngatikese Creole
1497:Turks and Caicos
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1562:(Micronesia)
1479:(Nicaragua)
1476:
1471:(Costa Rica)
1406:Sranan Tongo
1137:
878:
875:
831:Bibliography
818:. Retrieved
814:
791:. Retrieved
787:
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758:
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447:intermarried
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371:Pearl Lagoon
361:Corn Islands
328:
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279:
267:Corn Islands
263:Pearl Lagoon
232:
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191:(RACCN) and
168:
164:
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150:Linguasphere
121:
86:
1485:(Nicaragua)
1336:Saint Kitts
1270:West Africa
1158:Saint Kitts
543:Amerindians
521:as well as
435:slave ships
432:shipwrecked
320:Rama people
255:Prinzapolka
1595:Categories
1536:Melanesia
1493:(Colombia)
1408:(Suriname)
1400:(Suriname)
1392:Saramaccan
1374:(Suriname)
1331:Montserrat
1295:Pichinglis
1168:San Andrés
1143:Montserrat
820:2017-03-09
793:2017-03-10
764:2017-03-09
709:2017-03-09
662:2017-03-09
620:References
451:protection
351:Bluefields
247:Bluefields
239:Amerindian
179:region of
177:Nicaraguan
1575:Singapore
1552:Tok Pisin
1542:(Vanuatu)
1307:Caribbean
1067:Caribbean
573:June Beer
559:taro root
493:The 1987
457:with the
342:Location
310:Nicaragua
195:(RACCS).
156:52-ABB-af
123:Glottolog
107:ISO 639-3
49:Nicaragua
1566:Pitcairn
1532:Malaysia
1483:Rama Cay
1465:(Panama)
1417:Trinidad
1343:Barbados
1326:Anguilla
1275:Cameroon
1188:Trinidad
1178:Suriname
1148:Rama Cay
1093:Barbados
1078:Anguilla
1005:Rama Cay
970:Garifuna
588:See also
567:calypso.
551:miskito.
547:mestizos
527:mestizos
509:and the
480:Creoles.
324:Rama Cay
243:European
197:Mosquito
130:nica1252
80:Atlantic
1601:Miskito
1570:Norfolk
1540:Bislama
1443:Bahamas
1436:Western
1398:Matawai
1348:Grenada
1314:Eastern
1290:Nigeria
1285:Liberia
1128:Jamaica
1118:Grenada
1103:Bermuda
1088:Bahamas
1065:of the
975:Miskito
955:Spanish
555:coconut
519:Spanish
505:of the
501:as two
420:Miskito
414:History
355:11,258
306:Managua
298:Corinto
292:on the
286:Bonanza
275:Spanish
235:African
201:Miskito
183:on the
83:Western
60:~40,000
1448:Belize
1412:Tobago
1378:Ndyuka
1372:Kwinti
1367:Guyana
1353:Gullah
1265:Merico
1247:Africa
1183:Tobago
1163:Samaná
1153:Roatán
1123:Guyana
1098:Belize
523:creole
439:Africa
406:25,723
395:8,417
385:1,733
375:1,285
365:3,030
290:Rosita
241:, and
210:with,
171:is an
1546:Pijin
1384:Aluku
1280:Ghana
1133:LimĂłn
507:North
401:Total
381:Bilwi
282:Siuna
259:Bilwi
1254:Krio
985:Sumo
980:Rama
563:yuca
549:and
537:The
445:and
288:and
322:on
167:or
138:ELP
114:bzk
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