727:. This directly contradicted the death certificate and the original news regarding Dr. Narducci's death reporting the causes of death by drowning.The Narducci family was investigated for criminal conspiracy and concealment of evidence. Furthermore, a friend of Narducci, the lawyer Alfredo Brizioli, was also accused of trying to force the medical examiner to draw up a false opinion on the doctor's death. The trial process ended with the complete acquittal sanctioned by the Supreme Court. In the end, Calamandrei was completely exonerated and nothing incriminating was found at the time regarding Narducci.
299:
262:
230:
668:, was in modest economic conditions and did not inherit assets that could justify the sums of money considered for the most part out of league for a simple farmer like him. Mario Vanni also came to have important figures at his disposal, although to a much lower extent than those of Pacciani. Pacciani, a modest farmer, even had 157 million lire at his disposal (corresponding, in 1996, to 117,069.52 euros in 2018) in cash and interest-bearing postal vouchers, as well as having purchased a car, two houses and completely renovated his home.
238:
246:
715:
was hastened according to magistrate
Giuliano Mignini. In 2001, a telephone interception during an anti-usury investigation made references to the Monster of Florence and a satanic cult, leading the Perugia prosecutor's office to an investigation on the doctor's death due to the public gossip about him. While Mignini claimed the intercepted phone calls made references to Narducci as well, those didn't occur until months after the investigation had been opened and its existence leaked to the public
557:, another lover, and former lodger of Barbara Locci's. Vinci's first wife had died in a fire in Sardinia, ruled a suicide although rumored to be a murder. After the final Monster murder in 1985, Rotella arrested Vinci and charged him with the murder of his wife, intending to move from there to the other killings attributed to the Monster. The trial in Sardinia instead acquitted Vinci, who walked free. By this point, chief prosecutor Pier Luigi Vigna thought the
275:
206:
334:("Queen Bee"). Her older husband, Stefano Mele, was eventually charged with the murder and spent six years in prison. However, while he was imprisoned, another couple was murdered apparently with the same gun. Several lovers of Locci's were suspected to be perpetrators of the crime. Even Stefano stated on several occasions that one of them had killed her, but no evidence was found, as other murders were committed while they were in prison.
215:
616:), a term that entered Italian vernaculum. Lotti had been one of Giuttari's surprise witnesses, claiming to have seen Pacciani and Vanni commit the 1985 murder. After many more sessions of questioning, he had begun to incriminate himself in the murders as well. Both were convicted and condemned to life imprisonment, though their sentences have been widely criticized and many consider the murders to be unsolved.
284:
820:. In this regard, in 2021 Amicone attached to an addition to the complaint against Bevilacqua a report containing 21 interviews with ballistics experts and the results of a test at the range. According to Amicone, the report would show that the bullets and casings from the Monster's gun found in the Mele file may not be the same as in 1968, providing a reconstruction of the possible mislead.
620:
changed his version several times on the reasons why
Pacciani and Vanni had killed. Initially, in 1996, Lotti declared "that the crimes were acts of anger due to sexual approaches that the victims would have rejected." Instead, a year later, he provided another version of the motive, stating that Pacciani's intention was to kill and then feed the "fetishes" to his daughters.
254:
676:. Furthermore, the alleged accomplice Lotti was far from rich given that in the 1980s and 1990s he found odd jobs and accommodation only thanks to the help of the town priest, being at all effects a destitute unemployed person. Even Vanni, despite the figures found in his accounts, died in a modest provincial retirement home.
429:. This time the killer did not have the time to mutilate the female victim, as the road was relatively busy. Several passing motorists had seen the car parked at the side of the road after its interior light had turned on. Mainardi was still alive when found, but died some hours later in hospital due to serious injuries.
530:
After the 1982 murders police leaked false information that
Mainardi had regained consciousness before dying in the hospital. Soon after, an anonymous tip called for the police to relook at the Lo Bianco-Locci murder from 1968; it was quickly determined that the same gun had been used. The confession
432:
Mainardi is believed to have heard or seen the killer approaching and attempted to drive away, only to lose control of his car and drive into a ditch on the other side of the road. Another reconstruction of the events suggests that, after shooting the couple, the killer drove
Mainardi's car for a few
352:
of those pieces of evidence and did not request a scientific comparison, even though it would have been necessary to check whether they matched the ballistic report from 1968. As the spent cartridges were fired by a gun used in four similar crimes, their presence in the Mele's case file suggested to
1018:), written by lawyer Vieri Adriani, Francesco Cappeletti, and Salvatore Maugeri, reanalyzes and reconstructs the final pair of murders, which took place in the town of Scopeti, of French tourists Kraviechvili and Mauriot. The book claims to expose missteps and procedural errors in the investigation.
811:
Amicone says that
Bevilacqua might have had access to a case file of a double murder near Florence in 1968 where bullets and shell casings had been improperly stored. and that Bevilacqua replaced the pieces of evidence with spent cartridges shot by the gun he would use in the Monster's homicides to
714:
Francesco
Narducci, a young doctor from a bourgeoisie family of Perugia, disappeared while on board his boat at Lake Trasimeno and was found dead in the lake a few days later on 13 October 1985, a month after the Monster's last double crime. Identification was handled by unorthodox means and burial
596:
Pacciani was controversially convicted in his initial trial in 1994. At his appeal the prosecutor took
Pacciani's side, citing a lack of evidence and poor police work. As a result, Pacciani was acquitted and released in 1996. Perugini's successor Michele Giuttari tried to introduce new witnesses at
581:
of his two daughters, and for the 1951 murder of a man who had relations with his ex-girlfriend, for which he served thirteen years in prison. Inspector
Ruggero Perugini found incriminating evidence, such as similarities between the 1951 murder and the Monster killings, as well as a reproduction of
376:
Some hours before the murder, Pettini had disclosed to a close friend that a weird man was terrifying her. Another friend of
Pettini's recalled that a strange man had followed and bothered the two of them during a driving lesson a few days before. Several couples of lovers who used to "park" in the
815:
In 1968 Bevilacqua was in
Vietnam, but according to Amicone he could have had access to Stefano Mele's trial file where bullets and shell casings of the Signa murder had been improperly stored and switch them to attribute the crime to himself. The hypothetical mislead would have taken place in the
919:
have all used the Il Mostro case as the basis for a sub-plot of the scenes set in Florence. Thomas Harris visited Florence and attended Pacciani's trial while researching the book. In the novel, supporting antagonist Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi (based on Ruggero Perugini) was professionally disgraced
718:
The Perugia Public Prosecutor's Office hypothesized that an unknown body was passed off as the deceased doctor at identification, and no post-mortem was carried out when the body was recovered from the lake. In June 2002, the buried body was exhumed and identified as Narducci, after which Mignini
541:
was arrested first. He was a former lover of Locci's whose car had been found hidden on the day the false Mainardi information had been leaked. Francesco was kept in custody for over a year, even during the 1983 murders. Examining magistrate Mario Rotella instead widened the net, arresting Mele's
734:
In 2018 the "esoteric lead", and in particular the direct involvement of Francesco Narducci in the murders of the Monster of Florence resurfaced during the investigation into the disappearance of the Rossella Corazzin in the Belluno area in 1975, as stated in the final draft of the report of the
730:
During the process journalist Mario Spezi was arrested by Mignini. Spezi had been investigating his own favored suspect, a son of Salvatore Vinci. Mignini claimed he did so to obstruct the investigation into Calamandrei and Narducci's sect, to which he claimed Spezi belonged. After international
619:
The sentences condemning the "snack buddies" are mainly based on the much discussed testimonies of Pucci and, above all, Lotti. This prevented the identification of a certain, organic, and global motive that was valid for all crimes. In fact, Lotti, before mentioning the mysterious "doctor," had
901:
doubted Pacciani as Il Mostro and was based on actual and extensive case documents, including the criminal profile report commissioned from the Behavioral Science Unit in Quantico, Virginia. Although the book is a work of fiction, Nabb states that the investigation in the novel was real and the
636:
allegedly active in the Florence area. In his testimony, Lotti had spoken of a doctor who had hired Pacciani to commit the murders and collect the genitalia of the women for use in rituals. Giuttari justified this partly on the discovery of a pyramidal stone near a villa where Pacciani had been
508:
The killer sent a taunting note, along with a piece of Mauriot's breast, to the state prosecutor, Silvia Della Monica, stating that a murder had taken place and challenging local authorities to find the victims. A person picking mushrooms in the area discovered the bodies a few hours before the
789:
Between 26 May and 10 August Bevilacqua and Amicone had seven meetings of circa two-three hours, as it was found by the Florence ROS Carabinieri in 2018. During a phone call on 12 September 2017, Bevilacqua implied his responsibility in both the Monster of Florence and the Zodiac Killer case,
644:
The acquaintances of Pacciani and Vanni during the years of the murders fueled a line of investigation into possible esoteric motives and rites linked to satanism underlying the crimes. In particular, Pacciani and Vanni frequented Salvatore Indovino, a self-styled occultist and fortune teller
936:) before fleeing the city, is revealed to be Il Mostro. Although the subplot involving Il Mostro was removed entirely from the completed film, the deleted scenes are included as an extra feature on the DVD. In the third season of the television series, it is implied that Hannibal himself (
59:
517:
It was not until the Foggi-De Nuccio murders in 1981 that the police realized the killings were connected. A newspaper article about the Gentilcore-Pettini murder from 1974 caused the police to perform a ballistics test and confirm the same gun had been used in both murders. Reporter
413:. Cambi's pubic area was cut out like De Nuccio's. An anonymous caller phoned Cambi's mother the morning after the murder to "talk to her about her daughter." A few days before the murder, Susanna had told her mother that somebody was tormenting her and even chasing her by car.
181:), following the notorious and absurdly comical courtroom protestation of one of the suspects that the group were merely friends who on frequent occasion innocently consumed "snacks" together in local bars and restaurants. Multiple weapons were used in the murders, including a
172:
Law enforcement conducted several investigations into the cases over several years. In 2000, courts convicted two individuals for four of the double homicides. They had been charged with being part of an alleged group of murderers which became known in the popular press as the
592:
and another painting thought to be by Pacciani. The only physical evidence against Pacciani was an unfired bullet of the same brand as the Monster's, found in Pacciani's garden at the end of a lengthy search, later discovered to be planted evidence by the police.
671:
Arguments against Pacciani as a murderer hired by mysterious unknown instigators point out that the farmer, in addition to renting an apartment, carried out many odd jobs and was known for his stinginess, as underlined by Giuseppe Alessandri in the book
660:
The so-called esoteric trail is also linked to the large sums of money that Pacciani came into possession of during the years of the crimes, which gave rise to the idea that the "snack buddies" acted on behalf of personalities who remained unknown.
561:
was spent, and wanted to look into the possibility of the gun having been picked up by an unknown party after its use in the 1968 murder. In 1989, Rotella was forced to officially clear all the Sardinian suspects and withdraw from the case.
823:
In 2021 at Florence assistant attorney Luca Turco's request, the investigation into Bevilacqua resulting from Amicone's inquiry was dismissed, and the journalist charged for defamation due to a complaint from Bevilacqua.
2023:
535:, was subsequently revisited, as Mele had been imprisoned during the later murders. Mele's statements in police interviews were inconsistent, shifting the blame among his Sardinian relatives and acquaintances.
323:. The couple were attacked in their car while Locci's son, Natalino Mele (6), lay asleep in the backseat. Upon waking up and finding his mother dead, the child fled in fright and reached a nearby house.
1031:). Suspected of being the Monster after the murders, he left Florence and continued to kill elsewhere in Europe and Asia. Now terminally ill, he returns to Florence and manipulates his son (played by
731:
outcry, Spezi was set free, his arrest declared illegal. Giuttari and Mignini were indicted for abuse of office. GIDES was dissolved, and no active investigation of the Monster of Florence remains.
401:
Enzo Spalletti (30), spoke about the murder before the corpses had been discovered. He spent three months in jail and was charged with murder before the perpetrator exonerated him by killing again.
433:
meters to hide the vehicle and the bodies in a woodland area nearby, only to lose control of the car and abandon it in the ditch where it was discovered by a motorist only a few minutes later.
1383:
786:
in Italy, who testified to the Pacciani Trial. In 2017, Amicone found out that Bevilacqua had a 20-year military career when he retired from the Army to move to Florence in July 1974.
501:. Kraveichvili was killed a short distance away from the tent while trying to escape. Mauriot's body was mutilated. Because the killer had murdered two foreigners, there was not yet a
1888:
797:
operating in California, United States at the time of Zodiac's activities in 1969 and 1970, and participated in the CID inquiry on the so-called "Khaki Mafia", which involved SMA
597:
the final hour, but was denied. A new trial for Pacciani was ordered by the Supreme Court, but he died in 1998 before it could begin. Instead, two alleged accomplices were tried,
1736:
169:. Several connected persons have been convicted for involvement in the murders, yet the exact sequence of events, the identity of the main actor and the motives remain unclear.
804:
Following a complaint against Bevilacqua by Amicone dated 1 March 2018, the journalist's first news articles on the "Monster-Zodiac connection" were published by tempi.it and
373:
called Teen Club, where they were supposed to spend the evening with friends. Pettini's corpse had been violated with a grapevine stalk and disfigured with 97 stab wounds.
653:, where, according to local rumours, orgies and rites took place. During the searches carried out by the State Police at Pacciani's home, at least three books linked to
637:
employed. The stone, Giuttari suggested, was indicative of cult activity. Critics, such as Spezi, found this idea laughable, given that such stones are commonly used as
361:
On 15 September 1974 teenage sweethearts Pasquale Gentilcore (19), a barman, and Stefania Pettini (18), an accountant, were shot and stabbed in a country lane near
747:
In 2017 Francesco Amicone, a freelance journalist, conducted an investigation on his own that led him to find a connection between the Monster of Florence and the
481:
some hours before the murder. A close friend of Rontini recalled that she had confided that she had been bothered by "an unpleasant man" while working at the bar.
1919:
976:
is the English translation of the 2006 Italian language book 'Dolci colline di sangue' with some revision and additions, which casts doubts on the culpability of
867:
loosely based on the case, was filmed soon after one of the murders and also released in 1986. It was written and directed by Camillo Teti, and co-written by
337:
In 1982, the murders of Lo Bianco and Locci were linked to the more recent murders based on a tip from an anonymous writer, who had possibly signed himself
1717:
1511:
1102:
1533:
1415:
409:
On 23 October 1981 workman Stefano Baldi (26) and telephonist Susanna Cambi (24), who were engaged, were shot and stabbed in a park in the vicinity of
421:
On 19 June 1982 mechanic Paolo Mainardi (22) and dressmaker Antonella Migliorini (20) were shot to death just after having sex in Mainardi's car on a
1672:
794:
1282:
1032:
1569:
1297:
1658:
457:. Rüsch's long blond hair and small build could have deceived the killer into thinking he was a female. Police suspected that the students were
1482:
1054:
827:
In November 2023 Bevilacqua's DNA profile was sent by Amicone to the authorities that investigate the Zodiac case according to the journalist.
1638:
1614:
1080:
711:, had been involved in the secret society ordering Pacciani and the others. Calamandrei was put on trial while Narducci's body was exhumed.
1896:
1339:
735:
Bicameral Anti-Mafia Parliamentary Commission. The story originates from some statements by Angelo Izzo, one of the perpetrators of the
99:
Pietro Pacciani sentenced in the first instance, subsequently acquitted on appeal, and died before being subjected to a new appeal trial
1007:
by Jacopo Pezzan and Giacomo Brunoro (April 2011) gives a detailed account of all the murders and the different investigative theories.
977:
687:
of instigators, demonstrating the fact that the investigations following those of the "snacks buddies" have not had any developments .
477:. The killer removed Rontini's pubic area and left breast. There were reports of a strange man who had been following the couple in an
565:
This line of investigation has become known in Italian press and literature about the case as the "Pista Sarda," the Sardinian trail.
920:
when he arrested the wrong man for the Il Mostro murders. In scenes that were cut from the film before its release, a janitor at the
165:
between 1968 and 1985. The Monster murdered 16 victims, usually young couples secluded in search of intimacy, in wooded areas during
2115:
790:
agreeing to Amicone's request to turn himself in. However, Bevilacqua later changed his mind. The conversation was not recorded.
783:
341:("a friendly citizen") in a letter to police. On 20 July 1982, examining magistrate Vincenzo Tricomi found five bullets and five
1861:
1810:
1754:
812:
link his future crimes to those murders for which he had an alibi. Italian authorities collected Bevilacqua's DNA in late 2020.
1512:"FRANCESCO NARDUCCI ERA IL MOSTRO DI FIRENZE – IL MOSTRO DEL CIRCEO HA DETTO: "NARDUCCI AVEVA UNA MANIA PER I RITI DI SANGUE""
311:
On the night of 21 August 1968 mason worker Antonio Lo Bianco (29) and homemaker Barbara Locci (32) were shot to death with a
1128:
964:
469:
On 29 July 1984 law student Claudio Stefanacci (21) and barmaid Pia Gilda Rontini (18) were shot and stabbed in Stefanacci's
20:
808:
in May 2018. Bevilacqua denied the admission of guilt and filed a lawsuit. Despite this, Amicone did not stop accusing him.
2120:
1456:
779:
2100:
2008:
1311:
449:, were visiting Italy to celebrate an important scholarship Meyer had just won. They were found shot to death in their
1595:
989:
389:
On 6 June 1981 warehouseman Giovanni Foggi (30) and shop assistant Carmela De Nuccio (21) were shot and stabbed near
24:
695:
Based on Lotti's statements regarding a doctor as one of the instigators, Giuttari, the chief prosecutor of Perugia
2090:
801:, other Army sergeants, and firms from Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area as well as in Reno, Nevada, U.S.
683:, former Florence prosecutor who dealt with the case, declared himself skeptical about the existence of a possible
2110:
1768:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
1023:
39:
855:, a 1986 film based on the case, written and directed by Cesare Ferrario, and co-written by Fulvio Ricciardi.
393:, where the engaged couple both lived. De Nuccio's body was pulled out of the car and the killer cut out her
162:
664:
The checks carried out by the State Police highlighted that Pacciani, before the crimes attributable to the
2105:
859:
1997:
650:
498:
353:
law enforcement officers that the perpetrator of the more recent double murders was connected with them.
1570:"The investigation into Joe Bevilacqua to the DNA. Timeline of the Zodiac-Monster journalistic inquiry"
1783:
608:
Vanni had been a witness at Pacciani's trial, where he famously claimed the two of them merely to be "
2095:
1368:
377:
same area where Gentilcore and Pettini were murdered stated that particular area was frequented by
550:. The 1984 murders occurred when the three suspects were in custody, so the police released them.
441:
On 9 September 1983 Wilhelm Friedrich Horst Meyer (24) and Jens Uwe Rüsch (24), two students from
907:
422:
31:
739:. The Commission stated that the evidential framework collected deserves further investigation.
778:(Totowa, United States, 20 December 1935 – Sesto Fiorentino, Italy, 23 December 2022) a former
96:
Mario Vanni and Giancarlo Lotti convicted in 1999 of four of the eight double murders committed
1920:"The Monster of Florence, il regista Christopher McQuarrie a Firenze per alcuni sopralluoghi"
1035:), the product of an incestuous rape between the Monster and his own sister, into becoming a
981:
956:
798:
35:
298:
261:
1991:
916:
912:
584:
497:, France, were shot and stabbed while sleeping in their small tent in a woodland area near
2032:
8:
1974:
1960:
1534:""Rossella Corazzin rapita in Cadore e strangolata nella villa di Narducci al Trasimeno""
229:
1994:, a detailed account of all the facts and theories behind the case at Florence Web Guide
632:, Investigative Group for Serial Crimes), announced that the crimes were connected to a
253:
933:
887:
763:
188:
handgun and a knife, and in half of the cases, a large portion of the skin surrounding
1680:
1124:
994:
868:
490:
478:
362:
237:
1103:"Misdirections and mistakes. Zodiac Killer's shadow in the Monster of Florence case"
872:
696:
680:
349:
157:) is the name commonly used by the Italian media for a non-definitively identified
150:
883:
2012:
2002:
969:
948:
929:
925:
921:
736:
489:
On the night of 7–8 September 1985 Jean Michel Kraveichvili (25), a musician of
245:
1718:"Misleads and mistakes. Zodiac Killer's shadow in the Monster of Florence case"
1036:
937:
578:
502:
1739:[Monster of Florence. "Never made that confession," says Bevilacqua].
370:
2049:
2036:
1684:
1617:[The Zodiac Killer confessed to me: "I am the Monster of Florence"].
1049:
898:
748:
724:
723:
was carried out, which demonstrated the presence of injuries compatible with
458:
426:
158:
1655:
Florence ROS Carabinieri (12 June 2018), Procura della Repubblica di Firenze
849:
a 2008 true crime book by Douglas Preston and Mario Spezi based on the case.
2017:
1028:
633:
446:
342:
955:
casts doubts on the culpability of Pacciani as Il Mostro. Writer/producer
442:
2040:
2027:
973:
952:
840:
793:
During the meetings in 2017 Bevilacqua told Amicone he was an undercover
757:
720:
654:
519:
450:
312:
182:
1439:
Quando sei con me il Mostro non c'è: Il Mostro di Firenze fuori dal buio
1021:
In "Il Mostro", the second episode of Season 2 of the television series
641:
in the surrounding area. The villa was searched, but nothing was found.
1835:
817:
589:
494:
470:
1755:
report on the integration of the complaint against Giuseppe Bevilacqua
345:
inappropriately stored in a folder among records of Mele's case file.
1771:[Signa 1968. The Monster's hand in the mislead] (in Italian).
1737:"Mostro di Firenze. Parla Bevilacqua: "Mai fatto quella confessione""
573:
With the use of computer analysis and anonymous tips, a new suspect,
410:
398:
390:
274:
189:
1889:"Il mostro di Firenze diventa un film con George Clooney produttore"
1671:
Times, Warren Weaver Jr Special to The New York (18 February 1971).
1639:"Evidence on the Monster of Florence leads to the American Cemetery"
1457:"Non morì annegato ma per strangolamento, l'altro corpo è scomparso"
1081:"Evidence on the Monster of Florence leads to the American Cemetery"
205:
102:
Francesco Calamandrei tried with abbreviated procedure and acquitted
58:
1615:"Il Killer Zodiac mi ha confessato: "Sono io il Mostro di Firenze""
638:
454:
366:
327:
320:
166:
646:
628:
In 2001 Giuttari, now chief inspector for the police unit GIDES (
474:
185:
1027:, the Monster of Florence is identified as a surgeon (played by
751:
cases. Amicone's inquiry has been published in Italian magazine
214:
1404:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 206–210, 215–219, 309–313.
1314:, The Atlantic, July/August 2006 issue; URL accessed 1 May 2017
1001:
864:
378:
1416:"Mostro di Firenze, nuova pista il mistero del medico suicida"
283:
1862:"George Clooney sarà il protagonista de Il mostro di Firenze"
1340:"Sangue e magia il giallo del mostro. L'inchiesta di Firenze"
397:
area with a notched knife. The next morning, a young voyeur,
394:
316:
1298:"Vanni mi disse: Pacciani ha in casa i resti delle vittime"
577:, was found. Pacciani had been convicted both for rape and
461:
lovers based on pornographic materials found at the scene.
330:, had been well known in the town, receiving the nickname
1811:"Joe Bevilacqua's DNA profile sent to the US authorities"
493:
ancestry, and tradeswoman Nadine Mauriot (36), both from
1784:""Il mostro di Firenze è Zodiac": la pista sotto accusa"
1659:"Analysis on the phone records, criminal case n. 879/18"
699:
and Gabriella Carlizzi, editor-in-chief of the magazine
1353:
1499:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 275–278, 301–302.
1237:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 120–125, 132–133.
816:
early 1970s, while Bevilacqua was serving in Italy at
1207:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 80–92, 104–105.
1342:(in Italian). Corriere della Sera. 26 January 2004.
1281:Fusani, Claudia; Monastra, Gianluca (9 July 1996).
192:was excised from the bodies of the female victims.
30:"Il Mostro" redirects here. For the 1994 film, see
1192:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 64–65, 73–74.
1177:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 48–49, 62–63.
902:presentation as fiction was a protective measure.
623:
2047:
1769:"Signa 1968. La mano del Mostro nel depistaggio"
690:
265:Wilhelm Friedrich Horst Meyer and Jens Uwe Rüsch
233:Victims Pasquale Gentilcore and Stefania Pettini
1418:(in Italian). La Repubblica.it. 31 January 2002
649:, at a farmhouse located in the countryside of
1596:"The Monster of Florence is the Zodiac Killer"
1280:
1055:List of fugitives from justice who disappeared
767:, and his blog ostellovolante.com since 2018.
2035:, part eight of a 2004 interview with author
1328:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 160–164.
1270:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 153–159.
1252:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 147–151.
1222:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 116–119.
830:
1944:
1494:
1450:
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1142:
1121:The True Stories of the Monster Of Florence.
1526:
1312:The Monster of Florence: A True Crime Story
1304:
1261:
1259:
1162:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 45–47.
1147:. Grand Central Publishing. pp. 17–18.
1005:The True Stories of the Monster Of Florence
932:) murdering Chief Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi (
484:
348:Authorities were unable to reconstruct the
302:Jean Michel Kraveichvili and Nadine Mauriot
223:Victims Antonio Lo Bianco and Barbara Locci
1886:
1454:
1138:
1136:
522:coined the moniker "Monster of Florence".
416:
127:21 August 1968 – 8 September 1985
57:
1938:
1488:
1445:
1390:
1317:
1119:Pezzan, Jacopo; Brunoro, Giacomo (2011).
1096:
1094:
1012:Delitto degli Scopeti – Giustizia mancata
707:, and a deceased physician from Perugia,
464:
356:
1949:. Grand Central Publishing. p. 120.
1859:
1781:
1734:
1256:
1241:
1226:
984:purchased the screen rights to the book.
959:purchased the screen rights to the book.
512:
297:
260:
252:
244:
236:
228:
2039:detailing her research on the case and
1945:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1917:
1808:
1766:
1715:
1673:"U.S. JURY INDICTS 8 IN ARMY CLUB CASE"
1636:
1612:
1593:
1567:
1495:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1481:was invoked but never defined (see the
1471:
1455:Tessandori, Vincenzo (7 October 2002).
1436:
1430:
1400:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1381:
1324:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1266:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1248:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1233:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1218:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1211:
1203:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1196:
1188:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1181:
1173:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1166:
1158:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1151:
1143:Preston, Douglas; Spezi, Mario (2013).
1133:
1100:
1078:
553:Rotella focused on Francesco's brother
509:letter arrived on Della Monica's desk.
257:Antonella Migliorini and Paolo Mainardi
2048:
1809:Amicone, Francesco (16 January 2024).
1782:BROGIONI, STEFANO (23 February 2022).
1295:
1283:"Pacciani ha ucciso chi lo respingeva"
1091:
847:The Monster of Florence: A True Story,
384:
306:
1860:Capolino, Gabriele (5 January 2011).
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1670:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1568:Amicone, Francesco (14 August 2023).
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1509:
1384:"Sul Mostro restano ancora due dubbi"
987:In 2009, a six-part television film,
965:The Monster of Florence: A True Story
369:. They were not far from a notorious
75:(The Monster), The Surgeon of Death,
23:. For the television miniseries, see
21:The Monster of Florence: A True Story
16:Serial killer in Italy – 1968 to 1985
1895:(in Italian). Excite. Archived from
1767:Amicone, Francesco (5 August 2021).
1637:Amicone, Francesco (23 April 2021).
1296:Fusani, Claudia (21 February 1997).
1079:Amicone, Francesco (23 April 2021).
1074:
1072:
1070:
878:Paolo Frajoli and Gianni Siragusa's
630:Gruppo Investigativo Delitti Seriali
381:, a pair of them acting very oddly.
241:Carmela De Nuccio and Giovanni Foggi
1963:. 9 February 2001 – via IMDb.
1887:Gasparroni, Marta (28 April 2014).
1510:Fiore, Gian Pietro (22 June 2018).
1476:
1369:"Mostro Firenze, morto Mario Vanni"
719:postulated a second body switch. A
531:and conviction of Locci's husband,
13:
1698:
1625:
1613:Amicone, Francesco (29 May 2018).
1594:Amicone, Francesco (19 May 2018).
1548:
1016:The Scopeti Crime – Failed Justice
525:
436:
404:
292:Claudio Stefanacci and Pia Rontini
14:
2132:
1985:
1918:Facchin, Andrea (28 April 2014).
1815:Zodiac Killer – Mostro di Firenze
1735:Adinolfi, Gerardo (1 June 2018).
1716:Amicone, Francesco (4 May 2021).
1574:Zodiac Killer – Mostro di Firenze
1101:Amicone, Francesco (4 May 2021).
1067:
365:while having sex in Gentilcore's
25:Il mostro di Firenze (miniseries)
1998:"Italy: The Monster of Florence"
1477:Cite error: The named reference
993:, was produced and broadcast by
742:
703:, speculated that a pharmacist,
568:
282:
273:
213:
204:
63:Composite sketch of the suspect.
2116:Overturned convictions in Italy
1967:
1953:
1911:
1880:
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473:parked in a woodland area near
249:Stefano Baldi and Susanna Cambi
1355:Currency converter - fxtop.com
1113:
1024:Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders
980:as Il Mostro. Writer/producer
624:Satanic Cult: The Second Level
319:, a small town to the west of
1:
2000:, a report by John Moody for
1836:"Il mostro di Firenze (1986)"
1060:
839:, a 1983 non-fiction book by
691:The Doctor and Secret Society
163:Metropolitan City of Florence
1536:(in Italian). Umbria24.it-IT
1382:Serranò, Luca (2 May 2010).
1300:(in Italian). La Repubblica.
1285:(in Italian). La Repubblica.
860:The Killer is Still Among Us
542:brother and brother-in-law,
7:
2121:Unidentified serial killers
1043:
882:(1991) is a drama starring
10:
2137:
2026:, a map of the murders on
1975:"Il delitto degli Scopeti"
947:(Sweet hills of blood) by
831:Books, film and television
784:Florence American Cemetery
195:
40:2008–2009 Volvo Ocean Race
29:
18:
2101:Fugitives wanted by Italy
2033:"The Monster of Florence"
2024:"The Monster of Florence"
2009:"The Monster of Florence"
1437:Segnini, Antonio (2023).
1310:Preston, Douglas (2006).
657:and Satanism were found.
139:
131:
121:
113:
108:
87:
83:
79:, The Monster of Florence
68:
56:
49:
34:. For the 1977 film, see
1926:(in Italian). Best Movie
1753:Carabinieri di Firenze,
485:Kraveichvili and Mauriot
2091:20th century in Tuscany
2011:, a shorter account on
1947:The Monster of Florence
1497:The Monster of Florence
1402:The Monster of Florence
1371:. TGcom. 14 April 2009.
1326:The Monster of Florence
1268:The Monster of Florence
1250:The Monster of Florence
1235:The Monster of Florence
1220:The Monster of Florence
1205:The Monster of Florence
1190:The Monster of Florence
1175:The Monster of Florence
1160:The Monster of Florence
1145:The Monster of Florence
945:Dolci colline di sangue
895:The Monster Of Florence
837:The Monster of Florence
417:Mainardi and Migliorini
51:The Monster of Florence
32:The Monster (1994 film)
2111:Italian serial killers
1868:(in Italian). Cineblog
1514:(in Italian). Dagospia
782:superintendent at the
770:Amicone's suspect was
465:Stefanacci and Rontini
357:Gentilcore and Pettini
303:
266:
258:
250:
242:
234:
154:
2086:1985 murders in Italy
2081:1984 murders in Italy
2076:1983 murders in Italy
2071:1982 murders in Italy
2066:1981 murders in Italy
2061:1974 murders in Italy
2056:1968 murders in Italy
1992:"Monster of Florence"
982:Christopher McQuarrie
957:Christopher McQuarrie
890:inspired by the case.
799:William O. Wooldridge
705:Francesco Calamandrei
513:Suspects and reaction
301:
264:
256:
248:
240:
232:
38:. For the yacht, see
36:Il mostro (1977 film)
1757:, it, 22 April 2021.
990:Il mostro di Firenze
853:Il mostro di Firenze
451:Volkswagen Samba Bus
155:Il Mostro di Firenze
77:Il Mostro di Firenze
2106:History of Florence
1441:. pp. 307–309.
917:television adaption
776:Giuseppe Bevilacqua
674:The Legend of Vampa
666:Monster of Florence
614:Compagni di Merende
385:Foggi and De Nuccio
326:Locci, a native of
307:Lo Bianco and Locci
179:Compagni di merende
147:Monster of Florence
123:Span of crimes
93:Judicial measures:
1899:on 16 January 2017
1677:The New York Times
934:Giancarlo Giannini
888:Christian Borromeo
709:Francesco Narducci
701:L'Altra Repubblica
339:Un cittadino amico
304:
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161:active within the
19:For the book, see
1129:978-88-905896-9-0
869:Giuliano Carnimeo
479:ice cream parlour
363:Borgo San Lorenzo
143:
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2096:Crime in Tuscany
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873:Ernesto Gastaldi
795:CID investigator
697:Giuliano Mignini
681:Pier Luigi Vigna
645:originally from
548:Piero Mucciarini
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905:The 1999 novel
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603:Giancarlo Lotti
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555:Salvatore Vinci
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1866:cineblog.it
1794:25 February
1690:13 February
1619:Il Giornale
1463:1 September
1459:. La Stampa
1422:2 September
974:Mario Spezi
953:Mario Spezi
911:, the 2001
841:Mario Spezi
806:Il Giornale
758:Il Giornale
721:post-mortem
655:black magic
599:Mario Vanni
520:Mario Spezi
371:discothèque
315:handgun in
183:.22 caliber
2050:Categories
1961:"Hannibal"
1930:15 January
1903:15 January
1872:15 January
1845:7 November
1820:7 February
1788:La Nazione
1579:7 February
1061:References
915:, and the
880:28° minuto
818:Camp Darby
590:Botticelli
495:Audincourt
471:Fiat Panda
332:ape regina
190:sex organs
1685:0362-4331
1483:help page
1000:The 2011
995:Fox Crime
639:doorstops
585:Primavera
443:Osnabrück
411:Calenzano
399:paramedic
391:Scandicci
167:new moons
73:Il Mostro
1123:LA CASE
1044:See also
978:Pacciani
908:Hannibal
679:In 2010
505:report.
491:Georgian
455:Galluzzo
367:Fiat 127
328:Sardinia
321:Florence
1479:segnini
647:Catania
475:Vicchio
379:voyeurs
196:Murders
186:Beretta
151:Italian
132:Country
114:Victims
109:Details
1722:Libero
1683:
1643:Libero
1518:10 May
1127:
1107:Libero
1085:Libero
1002:e-book
865:giallo
772:Joseph
764:Libero
1600:Tempi
753:Tempi
395:pubic
317:Signa
135:Italy
2003:Time
1932:2017
1905:2017
1874:2017
1847:2020
1840:IMDb
1822:2024
1796:2022
1692:2024
1681:ISSN
1581:2024
1542:2022
1520:2019
1465:2010
1424:2022
1125:ISBN
972:and
951:and
886:and
871:and
780:ABMC
774:aka
761:and
601:and
546:and
145:The
968:by
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