502:
173:
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22:
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968:(EPSP) produced by activation of an NMDA receptor also increases the concentration of Ca in the cell. The Ca can in turn function as a second messenger in various signaling pathways. This process is modulated by a number of endogenous and exogenous compounds and plays a key role in a wide range of physiological (such as memory) and pathological processes (such as
959:
is a specific agonist binding to its NR2 subunits, and then a non-specific cation channel is opened, which can allow the passage of Ca and Na into the cell and K out of the cell. Therefore, NMDA receptors will only open if glutamate is in the synapse and concurrently the postsynaptic membrane is
1256:
D'Aniello, Antimo; De Simone, Antonella; Spinelli, Patrizia; D'Aniello, Salvatore; Branno, Margherita; Aniello, Francesco; Rios, Jeannette; Tsesarskaja, Mara; Fisher, George (September 2002). "A specific enzymatic high-performance liquid chromatography method to determine
944:. At homeostatic levels NMDA plays an essential role as a neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine regulator. At increased but sub–toxic levels NMDA becomes neuro-protective. In excessive amounts NMDA is an excitotoxin. Behavioral neuroscience research utilizes NMDA
1705:
Blaise, Mathias-Costa; Sowdhamini, Ramanathan; Rao, Metpally Raghu Prasad; Pradhan, Nithyananda (2004), "Evolutionary trace analysis of ionotropic glutamate receptor sequences and modeling the interactions of agonists with different NMDA receptor subunits",
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2454:
2773:
1373:
Johnson, Patricia I.; Parente, Mary Ann; Stellar, James R. (May 1996). "NMDA-induced lesions of the nucleus accumbens or the ventral pallidum increase the rewarding efficacy of food to deprived rats".
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D'Aniello, Antimo; De Simone, Antonella; Spinelli, Patrizia; D'Aniello, Salvatore; Branno, Margherita; Aniello, Francesco; Rios, Jeannette; Tsesarskaja, Mara; Fisher, George (2002-09-01).
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which normally acts at that receptor. Unlike glutamate, NMDA only binds to and regulates the NMDA receptor and has no effect on other glutamate receptors (such as those for
2554:
2700:
1046:
is generally considered to be the prototypical NMDA receptor blocker and is the most common agent used in research, animal studies have demonstrated some amount of
2515:
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1995:
1930:
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Curtis, D. R.; Watkins, J. C. (September 1960). "The excitation and depression of spinal neurones by structurally related amino acids".
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72:
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Watkins, J. C. (November 1962). "The synthesis of some acidic amino acids possessing neuropharmacological activity".
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122:
105:
54:
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Todoroki, Natsumi; Shibata, Kimihiko; Yamada, Takahiro; Kera, Yoshio; Yamada, Ryo-hei (May 1999). "Determination of
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Cull-Candy, S; Brickley S (Jun 2001). "NMDA receptor subunits: diversity, development and disease".
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989:
497:
404:
3808:
3717:
929:
32:
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999:
870:). NMDA receptors are particularly important when they become overactive during, for example,
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351:
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8:
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1050:, which may or may not also occur in humans. These compounds are commonly referred to as
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2110:
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1177:
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1222:
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1007:
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564:
1090:. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 24 June 2005. Identification
998:, or more appropriately named receptor channel blockers, of the NMDA receptor are
432:
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3602:
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1442:
1312:"A specific enzymatic high-performance liquid chromatography method to determine
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2938:
2410:
2339:
2126:
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1589:
1039:
969:
949:
945:
772:
525:
InChI=1 S/C5H9NO4/c1-6-3(5(9)10)2-4(7)8/h3,6H,2H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m1/s1
1719:
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2040:
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1833:
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1234:
1213:-aspartic in tissues of bivalves by high-performance liquid chromatography".
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Dingledine, R; Borges K (Mar 1999). "The glutamate receptor ion channels".
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Tooltip α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
1027:
933:
855:
729:
1502:
Liu, Y; Zhang J (Oct 2000). "Recent development in NMDA receptors".
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
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1667:
Watkins, Jeffrey C.; Jane, David E. (2006), "The glutamate story",
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1980:
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1215:
875:
867:
419:
3612:
3512:
2885:
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2598:
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1870:
1865:
941:
895:
322:
121:"NMDA" redirects here. For National Minimum Drinking Age, see
3607:
3032:
2823:
2549:
2359:
1885:
1875:
1611:
Murck, H. (2002-01-01). "Magnesium and
Affective Disorders".
443:
302:
268:
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952:
subject's brain or spinal cord to study behavioral changes.
485:
3500:
3327:
2913:
2900:
2534:
2354:
2324:
2314:
2227:
2060:
2025:
2015:
1813:
863:
631:
189 to 190 °C (372 to 374 °F; 462 to 463 K)
616:
384:
2738:
1202:
1426:"Clocks within Clocks: Timing by Coincidence Detection"
3030:
Uncompetitive pore blockers (mostly dizocilpine site):
2436:
1372:
894:
In 1962, J.C. Watkins reported synthesizing NMDA, an
1528:
1574:"NMDA receptor subunits: function and pharmacology"
1423:
372:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1474:
1424:Buhusi, CV; Oprisan, SA; Buhusi, M (April 2016).
1111:Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
3795:
1571:
431:
254:
2688:
2673:
1758:
1151:
948:to induce lesions in specific regions of an
3775:Metabotropic glutamate receptor modulators
1765:
1751:
1501:
500:
350:
3782:Glutamate metabolism/transport modulators
1688:
1451:
1441:
467:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
2194:
974:
908:-aspartic-acid. NMDA is a water-soluble
1267:-aspartic acid in biological tissues".
1108:
496:
409:
3796:
3505:Alcohols/volatile anesthetics/related:
1430:Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences
1084:"N-Methylaspartate - Compound Summary"
889:
2661:Other positive allosteric modulators:
2441:Tooltip N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor
1746:
1610:
1322:-aspartic acid in biological tissues"
528:Key: HOKKHZGPKSLGJE-GSVOUGTGSA-N
330:
310:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
3402:Ifenprodil (NR2B) site antagonists:
846:derivative that acts as a specific
711:137 mg kg (intraperitoneal, mouse)
422:
392:
13:
1966:Pesampator (BIIB-104, PF-04958242)
1659:
1572:Paoletti, P; Neyton J (Feb 2007).
1166:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1960.tb13458.x
14:
3830:
966:excitatory postsynaptic potential
211:)-2-(Methylamino)butanedioic acid
123:National Minimum Drinking Age Act
960:already depolarized - acting as
955:The mechanism of action for the
878:as this causes symptoms such as
779:
582:
576:
171:
162:
153:
20:
3442:Rislenemdaz (CERC-301, MK-0657)
2389:Negative allosteric modulators:
2277:Positive allosteric modulators:
2100:Negative allosteric modulators:
1853:Positive allosteric modulators:
1604:
1578:Current Opinion in Pharmacology
1565:
1531:Current Opinion in Neurobiology
1522:
1495:
1064:Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis
775:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
31:needs additional citations for
2678:Tooltip Dehydroepiandrosterone
1986:Tulrampator (S-47445, CX-1632)
1881:Farampator (CX-691, ORG-24448)
1468:
1417:
1366:
1303:
1249:
1196:
1145:
1102:
1076:
983:
722:Related amino acid derivatives
585:
570:
1:
3768:Receptor/signaling modulators
3617:Unknown/unsorted antagonists:
2181:Unknown/unsorted antagonists:
1774:Ionotropic glutamate receptor
1543:10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00215-4
1338:10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00326-3
1281:10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00326-3
1227:10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00089-4
1069:
882:and, sometimes, epileptiform
3814:Glutamate (neurotransmitter)
1443:10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.02.024
1387:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00202-8
7:
3466:NR2A-selective antagonists:
2998:Polyamine site antagonists:
2223:Acromelic acid (acromelate)
1809:Acromelic acid (acromelate)
1625:10.1080/1028415021000039194
1057:
964:at the neuronal level. The
693:or concentration (LD, LC):
10:
3835:
1906:Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
1590:10.1016/j.coph.2006.08.011
987:
127:
120:
55:"N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid"
3759:
2848:Glycine site antagonists:
2434:
2192:
1783:
1720:10.1007/s00894-004-0196-7
1154:Journal of Neurochemistry
1052:NMDA receptor antagonists
769:
715:
689:
684:
557:
537:
512:
238:
217:
201:
184:
179:
170:
161:
152:
2736:Competitive antagonists:
2644:Polyamine site agonists:
2630:Neboglamine (nebostinel)
2199:Tooltip Kainate receptor
1613:Nutritional Neuroscience
990:NMDA receptor antagonist
922:-methyl substituent and
898:of the previously known
854:mimicking the action of
128:Not to be confused with
3718:Pentamidine isethionate
3462:Traxoprodil (CP-101606)
2701:Epipregnanolone sulfate
1675:(Suppl. 1): S100–S108,
1326:Analytical Biochemistry
1269:Analytical Biochemistry
979:NMDA receptor activated
914:-alpha-amino acid — an
611:White, opaque crystals
3804:Amino acid derivatives
3748:Allosteric modulators:
3683:Ipenoxazone (MLV-6976)
3338:Pethidine (meperidine)
2959:Licostinel (ACEA-1021)
2881:Apimostinel (NRX-1074)
2545:Apimostinel (NRX-1074)
2513:Glycine site agonists:
2345:Licostinel (ACEA-1021)
2056:Licostinel (ACEA-1021)
1941:Mibampator (LY-451395)
1681:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706444
980:
130:N-Nitrosodimethylamine
3819:Secondary amino acids
3417:CO-101244 (PD-174494)
3133:Delucemine (NPS-1506)
3083:Alazocine (SKF-10047)
978:
962:coincidence detectors
203:Systematic IUPAC name
118:Amino acid derivative
3437:Radiprodil (RGH-896)
3412:Buphenine (nylidrin)
2989:Rapastinel (GLYX-13)
2804:Midafotel (d-CPPene)
2711:Pregnenolone sulfate
2635:Rapastinel (GLYX-13)
2426:Pregnenolone sulfate
2167:Pregnenolone sulfate
40:improve this article
2668:-Hydroxycholesterol
2479:Homoquinolinic acid
2452:Main site agonists:
2210:Main site agonists:
1804:5-Fluorowillardiine
1801:Main site agonists:
1123:10.1021/jm01241a010
918:derivative with an
890:Biological function
603: g·mol
292:Beilstein Reference
149:
3016:Diethylenetriamine
2695:prasterone sulfate
2470:Homocysteic acid (
2213:5-Bromowillardiine
981:
802:Infobox references
716:Related compounds
223:-Methylaspartate;
138:
3791:
3790:
3642:
3598:Trichloroethylene
3543:Ethanol (alcohol)
2908:
2851:4-Cl-KYN (AV-101)
2619:
2611:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2519:
2504:Tetrazolylglycine
2473:
2411:Ethanol (alcohol)
2400:sodium thiopental
2218:5-Iodowillardiine
2127:Ethanol (alcohol)
2111:sodium thiopental
1669:Br. J. Pharmacol.
1504:Chin Med J (Engl)
810:Chemical compound
808:
807:
764:Dimethylacetamide
759:Related compounds
549:CN(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O
481:CompTox Dashboard
411:N-Methylaspartate
280:Interactive image
195:
116:
115:
108:
90:
3826:
3640:
3593:Trichloroethanol
3153:Dextromethorphan
2906:
2690:
2679:
2675:
2617:
2609:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2517:
2471:
2442:
2438:
2200:
2196:
2031:Fanapanel (MPQX)
1791:
1787:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1744:
1743:
1738:
1714:(5–6): 305–316,
1701:
1692:
1653:
1652:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1455:
1445:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1381:(1–2): 109–117.
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1321:
1320:
1307:
1301:
1300:
1266:
1265:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1212:
1211:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1117:(6): 1187–1199.
1106:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1088:PubChem Compound
1080:
1008:dextromethorphan
927:
926:
913:
912:
907:
906:
860:neurotransmitter
835:
834:
822:
821:
792:
786:
783:
782:
748:
747:
602:
587:
584:
578:
572:
565:Chemical formula
505:
504:
489:
487:
471:
435:
424:
413:
396:
376:
354:
334:
314:
282:
258:
233:-aspartate; NMDA
232:
231:
193:
175:
166:
157:
150:
147:
146:
137:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3755:
3653:Flufenamic acid
3588:Trichloroethane
3363:Rhynchophylline
3283:Methoxphenidine
3248:Levomilnacipran
3148:Dextromethadone
3073:α-Endopsychosin
2677:
2589:Dimethylglycine
2499:Quinolinic acid
2440:
2430:
2268:Quisqualic acid
2198:
2188:
1844:Quisqualic acid
1789:
1779:
1771:
1741:
1704:
1666:
1662:
1660:Further reading
1657:
1656:
1609:
1605:
1570:
1566:
1527:
1523:
1510:(10): 948–956.
1500:
1496:
1473:
1469:
1422:
1418:
1371:
1367:
1358:
1356:
1318:
1317:
1308:
1304:
1263:
1262:
1254:
1250:
1209:
1208:
1201:
1197:
1150:
1146:
1107:
1103:
1093:
1091:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1060:
1036:methoxphenidine
992:
986:
932:— found across
924:
923:
910:
909:
904:
903:
892:
832:
831:
819:
818:
811:
804:
799:
798:
797: ?)
788:
784:
780:
776:
760:
753:
745:
744:
735:Dimethylglycine
723:
708:
702:
676:
658:
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581:
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553:
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544:
533:
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366:
357:
337:
317:
294:
285:
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261:
248:
234:
229:
228:
213:
212:
197:
148:-aspartic acid
144:
143:
135:
133:
126:
119:
112:
101:
95:
92:
49:
47:
37:
25:
12:
11:
5:
3832:
3822:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3809:Aspartic acids
3806:
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3788:
3786:
3785:
3778:
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3757:
3756:
3754:
3753:
3741:
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3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3563:Methoxyflurane
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3498:
3493:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3308:Nitromemantine
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3243:Levomethorphan
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3163:Dieticyclidine
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3143:Dextrallorphan
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3098:Argiotoxin-636
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3011:Diaminopropane
3008:
3003:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2939:Kynurenic acid
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2685:
2670:
2654:
2649:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2573:
2565:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2445:
2443:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2340:Kynurenic acid
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2303:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2203:
2201:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2046:Kynurenic acid
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1794:
1792:
1781:
1780:
1770:
1769:
1762:
1755:
1747:
1740:
1739:
1708:J. Mol. Model.
1702:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1654:
1619:(6): 375–389.
1603:
1564:
1537:(3): 327–335.
1521:
1494:
1477:Pharmacol. Rev
1467:
1416:
1375:Brain Research
1365:
1302:
1248:
1195:
1160:(2): 117–141.
1144:
1101:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1040:kynurenic acid
988:Main article:
985:
982:
970:excitotoxicity
946:excitotoxicity
891:
888:
823:-aspartic acid
809:
806:
805:
800:
778:
777:
773:standard state
770:
767:
766:
761:
758:
755:
754:
752:
751:
737:
732:
726:
724:
721:
718:
717:
713:
712:
709:
700:
698:
695:
694:
687:
686:
682:
681:
678:
674:
664:
663:
660:
656:
646:
645:
642:
633:
632:
629:
623:
622:
619:
613:
612:
609:
605:
604:
598:
592:
591:
588:
579:
573:
568:
563:
560:
559:
555:
554:
552:
551:
548:
540:
539:
538:
535:
534:
532:
531:
527:
524:
523:
515:
514:
513:
510:
509:
507:
506:
493:
491:
479:
476:
475:
473:
472:
464:
462:
456:
455:
453:
452:
448:
446:
440:
439:
437:
436:
428:
426:
418:
415:
414:
407:
401:
400:
398:
397:
389:
387:
381:
380:
378:
377:
369:
367:
362:
359:
358:
356:
355:
347:
345:
339:
338:
336:
335:
327:
325:
319:
318:
316:
315:
307:
305:
299:
298:
295:
290:
287:
286:
284:
283:
275:
273:
266:
263:
262:
260:
259:
251:
249:
244:
241:
240:
236:
235:
219:
215:
214:
206:
205:
199:
198:
196:-aspartic acid
188:
182:
181:
177:
176:
168:
167:
159:
158:
117:
114:
113:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3831:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3784:
3783:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3758:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3733:Transcrocetin
3731:
3729:
3728:Psychotridine
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3708:Niflumic acid
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3568:Nitrous oxide
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3533:Diethyl ether
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3388:Tenocyclidine
3386:
3384:
3383:Tabernanthine
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3373:Rolicyclidine
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3348:Phencyclidine
3346:
3344:
3343:Phencyclamine
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3278:Methoxetamine
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3238:Levomethadone
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3198:Fluorolintane
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Kaitocephalin
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2676:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2615:
2613:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:Ibotenic acid
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2396:pentobarbital
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Kaitocephalin
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2280:Cyclothiazide
2278:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Ibotenic acid
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2108:
2107:pentobarbital
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Kaitocephalin
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:Cyclothiazide
1859:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1834:Ibotenic acid
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1788:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1768:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1568:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1498:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1471:
1463:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1420:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1369:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1306:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1252:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1199:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1148:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1089:
1085:
1079:
1075:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:neurotoxicity
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1032:methoxetamine
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:phencyclidine
1017:
1014:, magnesium,
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
991:
977:
973:
971:
967:
963:
958:
957:NMDA receptor
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
930:configuration
921:
917:
916:aspartic acid
901:
897:
887:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
852:NMDA receptor
849:
845:
841:
837:
829:
824:
816:
803:
796:
791:
774:
768:
765:
762:
757:
756:
750:
743:-Methylamine-
742:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
727:
725:
720:
719:
714:
710:
706:
697:
696:
692:
688:
683:
679:
673:
669:
666:
665:
661:
655:
651:
648:
647:
643:
641:
640:
635:
634:
630:
628:
627:Melting point
625:
624:
620:
618:
615:
614:
610:
607:
606:
599:
597:
594:
593:
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
3780:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3747:
3744:
3616:
3523:Cyclopropane
3504:
3487:
3465:
3401:
3353:Propoxyphene
3323:Orphenadrine
3228:Ketobemidone
3193:Eticyclidine
3128:Coronaridine
3113:ARL-15896-AR
3029:
2997:
2909:-Cycloserine
2891:Carisoprodol
2847:
2735:
2733:Antagonists:
2732:
2665:
2660:
2643:
2571:-Cycloserine
2512:
2488:
2451:
2448:
2392:Barbiturates
2388:
2365:Selurampanel
2320:Dasolampanel
2307:Antagonists:
2306:
2276:
2209:
2206:
2180:
2117:Cyclopropane
2103:Barbiturates
2099:
2071:Selurampanel
2021:Dasolampanel
1993:Antagonists:
1992:
1976:Pramiracetam
1852:
1800:
1797:
1711:
1707:
1672:
1668:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1584:(1): 39–47.
1581:
1577:
1567:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1433:
1429:
1419:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1357:. Retrieved
1332:(1): 42–51.
1329:
1325:
1313:
1305:
1275:(1): 42–51.
1272:
1268:
1258:
1251:
1221:(1): 41–47.
1218:
1214:
1204:
1198:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1114:
1110:
1104:
1092:. Retrieved
1087:
1078:
994:Examples of
993:
954:
919:
899:
893:
839:
827:
826:
814:
813:
812:
740:
690:
671:
653:
638:
444:RTECS number
332:ChEMBL291278
239:Identifiers
224:
220:
218:Other names
208:
189:
139:
134:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
3713:Pentamidine
3698:Minocycline
3678:Hodgkinsine
3648:Dexanabinol
3578:Sevoflurane
3432:Isoxsuprine
3427:Haloperidol
3407:Besonprodil
3368:Rimantadine
3318:Norketamine
3313:Noribogaine
3288:Milnacipran
3253:Levorphanol
3203:Gacyclidine
3173:Dizocilpine
3168:Diphenidine
3158:Dextrorphan
3078:Alaproclate
3021:Huperzine A
2974:Meprobamate
2934:Harkoseride
2829:Perzinfotel
2706:Plazinemdor
2253:Kainic acid
2238:Domoic acid
2184:Minocycline
2172:Sevoflurane
1849:Willardiine
1824:Domoic acid
1483:(1): 7–61.
1436:: 207–213.
1044:dizocilpine
996:antagonists
984:Antagonists
705:median dose
691:Lethal dose
608:Appearance
558:Properties
312:CHEBI:31882
3798:Categories
3751:AGN-241751
3723:Piretanide
3673:Furosemide
3658:Flupirtine
3635:Conantokin
3630:Caroverine
3625:Bumetanide
3558:Isoflurane
3528:Desflurane
3518:Chloroform
3457:Safaprodil
3452:Ro 25-6981
3393:Tiletamine
3378:Sabeluzole
3358:Remacemide
3303:Neramexane
3273:Methorphan
3258:Loperamide
3233:Lanicemine
3218:Indantadol
3183:Esketamine
3178:Ephenidine
3138:Dexoxadrol
3103:Arketamine
3088:Amantadine
3048:3-MeO-PCMo
3026:Putrescine
2969:MDL-105519
2944:Kynurenine
2924:Gavestinel
2839:SDZ-220581
2799:MDL-100453
2682:prasterone
2652:Spermidine
2625:Milacemide
2530:ACC (ACPC)
2416:Evans blue
2380:Topiramate
2370:Tezampanel
2300:Isoflurane
2177:Talampanel
2162:Perampanel
2157:Isoflurane
2142:GYKI-53655
2137:GYKI-52466
2132:Evans blue
2096:Zonampanel
2086:Topiramate
2076:Tezampanel
2051:Kynurenine
2011:Caroverine
2006:Becampanel
1956:Oxiracetam
1856:Aniracetam
1777:modulators
1359:2020-05-02
1070:References
1038:(MXP) and
1016:tiletamine
1004:amantadine
872:withdrawal
844:amino acid
836:-aspartate
596:Molar mass
469:1903B9Q6PI
364:IUPHAR/BPS
343:ChemSpider
267:3D model (
246:CAS Number
186:IUPAC name
96:March 2021
66:newspapers
3765:See also:
3745:Unsorted:
3688:MDL-27266
3668:FR-115427
3663:FPL-12495
3620:ARR-15896
3548:Halothane
3538:Enflurane
3496:Magnesium
3447:Ro 8-4304
3422:Eliprodil
3333:PD-137889
3293:Morphanol
3268:Methadone
3263:Memantine
3213:Ibogamine
3188:Etoxadrol
3118:ARL-16247
3108:ARL-12495
3093:Aptiganel
3058:4-MeO-PCP
3053:3-MeO-PCP
3043:3-MeO-PCE
3006:Co 101676
2979:MRZ 2/576
2929:GV-196771
2919:Felbamate
2896:CGP-39653
2876:ACEA-1328
2871:ACEA-1011
2814:NPC-17742
2809:NPC-12626
2794:LY-274614
2789:LY-235959
2784:LY-233053
2769:CGS-19755
2764:CGP-40116
2759:CGP-39653
2754:CGP-39551
2749:CGP-37849
2739:AP5 (APV)
2640:Sarcosine
2516:β-Fluoro-
2465:Glutamate
2460:Aspartate
2449:Agonists:
2406:Enflurane
2350:LY-382884
2310:ACEA-1011
2295:Halothane
2290:Enflurane
2285:Diazoxide
2258:LY-339434
2243:Glutamate
2207:Agonists:
2152:Irampanel
2147:Halothane
2122:Enflurane
1996:ACEA-1011
1971:Piracetam
1951:ORG-26576
1946:Nooglutyl
1936:LY-503430
1931:LY-451646
1926:LY-404187
1921:LY-395153
1916:LY-392098
1901:Diazoxide
1829:Glutamate
1798:Agonists:
1633:1028-415X
1395:0006-8993
1346:0003-2697
1289:0003-2697
1235:0378-4347
1174:1471-4159
1131:1520-4804
1094:9 January
1028:memantine
938:lancelets
934:Chordates
880:agitation
856:glutamate
730:Sarcosine
621:Odorless
451:CI9457000
256:6384-92-5
3693:Metaphit
3603:Urethane
3491:Hydrogen
3488:Cations:
3398:Tramadol
3223:Ketamine
3208:Ibogaine
3123:Budipine
3038:3-HO-PCP
2964:LU-73068
2954:L-701324
2949:L-689560
2856:5,7-DCKA
2844:Selfotel
2726:SAGE-718
2721:SAGE-301
2716:SAGE-201
2657:Spermine
2647:Neomycin
2612:-Alanine
2604:L-687414
2563:-Alanine
2520:-alanine
2509:Theanine
2375:Theanine
2273:SYM-2081
2081:Theanine
1736:19993673
1728:15597199
1699:16402093
1649:28550919
1641:12509067
1598:17088105
1559:11929361
1551:11399431
1516:11775847
1489:10049997
1462:27004236
1411:23002111
1354:12234462
1316:-methyl-
1297:12234462
1261:-methyl-
1243:10379655
1207:-methyl-
1190:37212083
1182:13718948
1139:14056452
1058:See also
1042:. While
1024:riluzole
1012:ketamine
902:-Methyl-
884:seizures
842:) is an
830:-methyl-
817:-methyl-
749:-alanine
685:Hazards
668:Basicity
297:1724431
227:-Methyl-
192:-Methyl-
142:-Methyl-
3737:saffron
3583:Toluene
3573:Octanol
3553:Hexanol
3508:Benzene
3484:TCN-213
3479:TCN-201
3474:MPX-007
3469:MPX-004
3063:8A-PDHQ
3001:Arcaine
2994:ZD-9379
2691:sulfate
2620:-Serine
2594:Glycine
2579:-Serine
2494:Proline
2421:NS-3763
2394:(e.g.,
2385:UBP-302
2263:Proline
2105:(e.g.,
1981:S-18986
1911:IDRA-21
1896:CX-1942
1891:CX-1739
1839:Proline
1690:1760733
1453:4797640
1403:8813355
1034:(MXE),
1022:(PCP),
1010:(DXM),
942:mammals
876:alcohol
868:kainate
850:at the
848:agonist
795:what is
793: (
680:11.791
650:Acidity
601:147.130
420:PubChem
80:scholar
3613:Xylene
3513:Butane
2886:AV-101
2599:HA-966
1886:CX-717
1876:CX-614
1871:CX-546
1866:CX-516
1734:
1726:
1697:
1687:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1596:
1557:
1549:
1514:
1487:
1460:
1450:
1409:
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1393:
1352:
1344:
1295:
1287:
1241:
1233:
1188:
1180:
1172:
1137:
1129:
950:animal
896:isomer
858:, the
790:verify
787:
662:2.206
542:SMILES
394:C12269
323:ChEMBL
180:Names
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
3608:Xenon
3068:18-MC
3033:2-MDP
2861:7-CKA
2824:PEAQX
2550:B6B21
2540:AK-51
2474:-HCA)
2437:NMDAR
2360:NS102
2091:YM90K
1786:AMPAR
1732:S2CID
1645:S2CID
1555:S2CID
1407:S2CID
1186:S2CID
936:from
874:from
644:1.39
517:InChI
433:22880
352:21436
303:ChEBI
269:JSmol
87:JSTOR
73:books
3703:MPEP
3643:-αAA
3501:Zinc
3328:PCPr
3298:NEFA
2984:PNQX
2914:DNQX
2901:CNQX
2834:PPDA
2819:PBPD
2689:DHEA
2674:DHEA
2584:DHPG
2535:ACPD
2525:ACBD
2489:NMDA
2455:AMAA
2355:NBQX
2330:GAMS
2325:DNQX
2315:CNQX
2233:ATPA
2228:AMPA
2066:PNQX
2061:NBQX
2036:GAMS
2026:DNQX
2016:CNQX
2001:ATPO
1961:PEPA
1819:BOAA
1814:AMPA
1724:PMID
1695:PMID
1637:PMID
1629:ISSN
1594:PMID
1547:PMID
1512:PMID
1485:PMID
1458:PMID
1399:PMID
1391:ISSN
1350:PMID
1342:ISSN
1293:PMID
1285:ISSN
1239:PMID
1231:ISSN
1178:PMID
1170:ISSN
1135:PMID
1127:ISSN
1096:2012
866:and
864:AMPA
840:NMDA
741:beta
637:log
617:Odor
460:UNII
405:MeSH
385:KEGG
374:4268
59:news
2866:ACC
2774:CPP
2744:AP7
2555:CCG
2195:KAR
1716:doi
1685:PMC
1677:doi
1673:147
1621:doi
1586:doi
1539:doi
1508:113
1448:PMC
1438:doi
1383:doi
1379:722
1334:doi
1330:308
1277:doi
1273:308
1223:doi
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1162:doi
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940:to
825:or
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423:CID
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