360:, Al-Ali produced over 40,000 drawings. They generally deal with the situation of the Palestinian people, depicting suffering and resistance and harshly criticizing the Israeli state and Israeli occupation, Palestinian leadership, and the Arab regimes. Al-Ali was a fierce opponent of any settlement that would not vindicate the Palestinian people's right to all of historic Palestine, and many of his cartoons express this position. Unlike many political cartoonists, specific politicians do not appear in person in his work: as he stated, "... I have a class outlook, that is why my cartoons take this form. What is important is drawing situations and realities, not drawing presidents and leaders."
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symbolised the character's rejection of "outside solutions". Handala wears ragged clothes and is barefoot, symbolising his allegiance to the poor. In later cartoons, he is actively participating in the action depicted, not merely observing it. The artist vows that his figure, Handala, will "reveal his face to the readers again only when
Palestinian refugees return to their homeland".
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statue (with a steel inner support) took around five months. When finished, it was 275 centimetres (9.02 ft) tall, with an average width of 85 centimetres (33 in), and average thickness of 45 centimetres (18 in). The statue holds a rock in its right hand and a booklet of drawings in
435:
Other characters in Al-Ali's cartoons include a thin, miserable-looking man representing the
Palestinian as the defiant victim of Israeli oppression and other hostile forces, and a fat man representing the Arab regimes and Palestinian political leaders who led an easy life and engaged in political
419:
in 1969. The figure turned his back to the viewer from the year 1973, and clasped his hands behind his back. The artist explained that the ten-year-old represented his age when forced to leave
Palestine and would not grow up until he could return to his homeland; his turned back and clasped hands
484:. A second suspect arrested by Scotland Yard also said he was a double agent. It was later revealed that Mossad had two double agents working in London-based PLO hit teams and had advance knowledge of the killing. By refusing to pass on the relevant information to their British counterparts,
41:
427:. The artist remarked that "He was the arrow of the compass, pointing steadily towards Palestine. Not just Palestine in geographical terms, but Palestine in its humanitarian sense—the symbol of a just cause, whether it is located in Egypt, Vietnam or South Africa."
456:
in Ives Street on 22 July 1987. He was subsequently taken to hospital and remained in a coma until his death on 29 August 1987. Although his will requested that he be buried in Ain al-Hilweh beside his father, this proved impossible to arrange and he was buried in
335:, which permitted him to return to Lebanon for a longer period. During the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982, he was briefly detained by the occupying forces along with other residents of Ain al-Hilweh. In 1983 he once more moved to Kuwait to work for
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514:, has also been claimed to be responsible for his assassination. Days before his murder Naji told Palestinian writer Dr. Basem Sarhan, "I entrust you, whoever my killer may be, my killer is
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270:(ANM), but was expelled four times within one year for lack of party discipline. Between 1960 and 1961, along with comrades from the ANM, he published a handwritten political journal
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earned the displeasure of
Britain, which retaliated by expelling three Israeli diplomats, one of whom was the embassy attache identified as the handler for the two agents. A furious
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Handala became the signature of Al-Ali's cartoons and remains an iconic symbol of
Palestinian identity and defiance. Handala has also been used as the web mascot of the
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saw some of Al-Ali's cartoons on a visit to Ain al-Hilweh and printed the artist's first published drawings along with an accompanying article in issue 88 of
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Shortly after being completed, the statue was damaged in an explosion caused by unknown assailants; like Al-Ali the statue was shot in the left eye.
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public opinion and offering sharply critical commentaries on
Palestinian and Arab politics and political leaders. On 22 July 1987, while outside the
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281:, but was unable to continue his studies there as he was imprisoned for political reasons soon afterwards. After his release he moved to
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522:, Yasser Arafat was also quoted saying,"The one whose name is Naji al-Ali, if he continues to paint, I will put his fingers in acid."
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newspaper for which he drew political caricatures, Al-Ali was shot in the neck and mortally wounded. He died five weeks later in
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Khalafallah, Haifaa (21 September 1984). "Third World Review: This pen is mightier... Profile of Naji al-Ali, Arab cartoonist".
239:, where he attended the Union of Christian Churches school. After graduation, he worked in the orchards of Sidon, then moved to
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329:. In the course of these years he returned to Lebanon several times. In 1974 he started working for the Lebanese newspaper
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Al-Ali published three books of his cartoons, in 1976, 1983 and 1985, and was preparing another at the time of his death.
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411:), is the most famous of Al-Ali's characters. He is depicted as a ten-year-old boy, and appeared for the first time in
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Der
Nahostkonflikt durch die Augen Hanzalas. Stereotypische Vorstellungen im Schaffen des Karikaturisten Naji al-'Ali
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166:, and celebrated as the greatest Palestinian cartoon artist, Al-Ali drew over 40,000 cartoons, often reflecting
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Harlow, Barbara (1994). "Writers and
Assassinations". In Lemelle, Sidney J.; Kelley, Robin D. G. (eds.).
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In August 2017, detectives relaunched an investigation into his murder case, 30 years after his death.
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977:"Recovering the Palestinian History of Dispossession through Graphics in Leila Abdelrazaq's Baddawi"
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Ashley, John; Jayousi, Nedal (2013), "The
Connection between Palestinian Culture and the Conflict",
317:. There he worked as an editor, cartoonist, designer and newspaper producer on the Arab nationalist
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and worked in various industrial jobs. In 1957, after qualifying as a car mechanic, he traveled to
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927:, Netanya: S. Daniel Abraham Center for Strategic Dialogue, Netanya Academic College, p. 54
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It is still not known who opened fire on Al-Ali outside the London office of
Kuwaiti newspaper
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Alazzeh, Ala (2012). "Abu Ahmad and His Handalas". In LeVine, Mark; Shafir, Gershon (eds.).
370:. In 1979 and 1980, he received the first prize in the Arab cartoonists exhibitions held in
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and in 1985 moved to London where he worked for its international edition until his death.
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Sowan later confessed that he worked for both the PLO and the Israeli intelligence agency
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Naji statue when it was first erected (right), exploded and damaged, and then re-erected
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arrested Ismail Sowan, a 28-year-old Jerusalem-born Palestinian researcher at
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Al-Ali was born in 1938 or thereabouts in the northern Palestinian village of
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A movie was made about the life of Al-Ali in Egypt, with the Egyptian actor
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Al Jazeera English's "Street Talk" takes a look on Naji al-Ali, 7 June 2007
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Imagining Home: Class, Culture and Nationalism in the African Diaspora
496:. The gun used in the murder, a 7.62 Tokarev pistol, was found on the
1137:"MI5 was feuding with Mossad while known terrorists struck in London"
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Discourse, Culture, and Education in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
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where he attended the White Friars' vocational school for two years.
821:"Naji al-Ali: Remembering the Palestinian cartoonist 30 years later"
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1047:"Police reinvestigate 1987 London murder of Palestinian cartoonist"
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in his works. Al-Ali is best known as the creator of the character
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compromises which the artist fervently opposed. The motifs of the
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and explosives. Initially, police said Sowan was a member of the
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In 1959 Al-Ali returned to Lebanon, and that year he joined the
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Pallister, David (18 August 1987). "Arab on arms find charge".
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1207:هل قتل ياسر عرفات ناجي العلي؟وهل تستر محمود درويش على الجريمة؟
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awarded him the "Golden Pen of Freedom" posthumously in 1988.
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of the Palestinian people that has become prominent symbol of
754:"Can a murder that happened three decades ago now be solved?"
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143:, noted for the political criticism of the Arab regimes and
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1016:"QODS DAY: Protesters Transform Jerusalem Day Into Iran Day"
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as "the nearest thing there is to an Arab public opinion".
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518:." During an event at Abdullah Al-Salem High School in
1362:, during the summer of 1984 in Budapest. Published in
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492:, then prime minister, closed Mossad’s London base in
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BBC ON THIS DAY webpage on Mr Al-Ali's assassination
1168:"Dubai Hamas assassination: the sticky relationship"
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723:"To escape repression, critics are leaving the Gulf"
690:. University of California Press. pp. 427–444.
130:
975:Priyadarshini, Arya; Sigroha, Suman (3 July 2020).
549:camp, where Naji was raised for most of his youth.
477:, though that organisation denied any involvement.
1370:Naji al-Ali: The timeless conscience of Palestine
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1087:"Palestinian Journalist Dies of Wounds in London"
951:A Child in Palestine: The Cartoons of Naji al-Ali
285:, where he worked as a drawing instructor in the
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376:International Federation of Newspaper Publishers
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16:Palestinian political cartoonist (1938 – 1987)
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366:In 1979, Al-Ali was elected president of the
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1135:Lashmar, Paul; Elam, Shraga (19 June 1999).
862:. New York: Facts on File, Inc. p. 18.
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1106:"Britain Orders Israeli Diplomat to Leave"
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567:The statue was repaired and re-erected.
545:was erected at the northern entrance of
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390:Handala, the Palestinian defiance symbol
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216:). He lived as an exile in the south of
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309:, hoping to save money to study art in
136:; born c. 1938 – 29 August 1987) was a
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1014:Sadeghi, Shirin (18 September 2009).
898:"Murdered Arab cartoonist honoured".
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323:magazine. From 1968 on he worked for
262:Career as a cartoonist and journalist
222:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight
1487:Assassinated Palestinian journalists
1482:20th-century Palestinian journalists
1279:(in German). Berlin: Klaus Schwarz.
1166:Gardham, Duncan (17 February 2010).
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541:A statue of Al-Ali by the sculptor
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1447:Palestinian people murdered abroad
1422:1987 murders in the United Kingdom
1045:Grierson, Jamie (29 August 2017).
292:The writer and political activist
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1467:Palestinian expatriates in Kuwait
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1338:Naji al-Ali, All Palestine's Soil
1147:from the original on 18 June 2022
258:, where he worked for two years.
1427:20th-century Palestinian artists
1332:Mahmud Abd Allah Kallam (2001).
1204:نورالدين, رياضي (29 June 2021).
1104:Clines, Francis (18 June 1988).
860:Encyclopedia of the Palestinians
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660:Faber, Michel (10 July 2009).
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504:by police, on 22 April 1989.
279:Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts
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793:Black, Ian (10 March 2008).
344:In 1984 he was described by
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1457:Deaths by firearm in London
1317:. Verso. pp. 167–184.
858:. In Mattar, Philip (ed.).
819:Homsi, Ola (25 July 2017).
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510:, acting under orders from
431:Other characters and motifs
302:, dated 25 September 1961.
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10:
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1294:Farsoun, Samih K. (2004).
1275:Kreitmeyr, Nadine (2012).
1257:El-Taieb, Atef, director.
459:Brookwood Islamic Cemetery
403:, also known as Handhala (
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368:League of Arab Cartoonists
352:Work, positions and awards
220:with his family after the
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268:Arab Nationalist Movement
119:Naji Salim Hussain Al-Ali
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494:Palace Green, Kensington
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1378:The Electronic Intifada
587:playing the lead role.
157:Palestinian nationalism
1432:1980s crimes in London
1352:I am from Ain Al-Helwa
1194:, London, 5 April 1998
706:10.1525/j.ctt1ppwdk.34
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471:possession of weapons
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246:Al-Ali then moved to
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574:Naji al Ali Graffiti
529:Commemorative statue
358:political cartoonist
252:Shatila refugee camp
141:political cartoonist
93:Political cartoonist
1298:. Greenwood Press.
1192:The Daily Telegraph
1172:The Daily Telegraph
617:"About Naji al-Ali"
356:In his career as a
63:Mandatory Palestine
1110:The New York Times
1091:The New York Times
993:10.5209/eiko.73329
902:. 8 February 1988.
795:"Drawing Defiance"
762:. 2 September 2017
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204:, located between
132:Nājī Salīm al-‘Alī
1286:978-3-87997-402-3
1093:. 30 August 1987.
961:978-1-84467-365-0
869:978-0-8160-6986-6
697:978-0-520-26252-2
662:"Pens and swords"
627:on 28 March 2022.
490:Margaret Thatcher
287:Ja'fariya College
212:(now subsumed by
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109:Years active
76:(aged 48–49)
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842:Harlow 1994
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621:handala.org
438:crucifixion
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168:Palestinian
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