397:
389:
263:
408:, who remained Protestant, received the part of the county north of the Sieg. He was the founder of the Protestant line of Nassau-Siegen and he converted the former Franciscan monastery into a new residence, called the "Lower Castle", which was reconstructed after having burnt down at large parts in 1695. John Maurice spent most of his time away from Siegen, since he was governor of
531:. From 1628–1734, the Protestant part consisted of the districts of Hilchenbach and Freudenberg and a half the district of Siegen. At the time, the Catholic half of the district of Siegen was called the district of Hayn. The Catholic part of the county consisted of the district of Netphen and the other half of the district of Siegen.
731:, while still keeping its function as seat of the district of which it was no longer part, and which was itself merged with Wittgenstein district under district reform in 1975. Siegen also lost its district-free status at this time, becoming part of the new Siegen-Wittgenstein district, the name that the district has borne since 1984.
622:
In the 16th century, the town of Siegen bore a formidable defensive look. It was surrounded by mighty walls with 16 towers and three town gates, and was home to a great castle. The town was stricken several times by townwide fires. Documents record such fires in 1592, and from 10 to 20 April 1695.
671:
John
Maurice's leadership served in 1650–1651 to bring about a split in the Siegerland along denominational lines. Under Wilhelm Hyacinth of Nassau-Siegen, violence broke out between the two denominational groups. When on 29 March 1707 townsman Friedrich Flender was killed, Wilhelm Hyacinth was
742:
began the Allied ground assault against Siegen and the dominating military-significant high ground north of the river. The battle against determined German forces at Siegen continued through 2 April 1945, until organized resistance was finally overwhelmed by the division on 3 April 1945.
672:
himself unseated and furthermore driven out of the town. Wilhelm
Hyacinth was the last in the line of Nassau-Siegen's Catholic rulers, dying in 1743. Already in 1734, though, the Reformed line had died out, too, with Friedrich Wilhelm's death, leading
649:("lower stately home") on the site of an old Franciscan Monastery. In 1616, John VII founded a knightly war school in the still standing old armoury on Burgstraße, "expressly to produce an officer corps for Calvinism".
1249:
727:
Under
Prussian rule, Siegen developed into the South Westphalian centre that it is today. On 1 March 1923, Siegen was set apart from the district bearing its name, and became a
306:
John died childless in 1328 and Henry inherited Nassau-Dillenburg. Henry moved to
Dillenburg and his descendants are known as the Nassau-Dillenburg line.
709:
332:
619:, or Soest town rights. The town remained under the two overlords' joint ownership until 1 February 1381, only then passing fully into Nassau hands.
384:
and the original castle in Siegen (which after 1695 was called the "Upper Castle"). John VIII was the founder of the
Catholic line of Nassau-Siegen.
1239:
1080:
1113:
444:
451:, the last ruler of the Catholic line. When he died in 1743, Nassau-Siegen had died out in the male line, and the territory fell to Prince
922:
889:
448:
417:
322:
111:
1047:
665:
700:. After Napoleon's downfall in 1813, however, William I regained his former German inheritances, but in 1815 he ceded them to the
588:) people, who in pre-Christian times lived in parts of North Rhine-Westphalia. The first documentary mention of the place called
425:
1184:
World War II Order of Battle: An
Encyclopedic Reference to U.S. Army Ground Forces from Battalion through Division, 1939–1946
1014:
739:
661:
437:
366:
1244:
664:, the Dutch commander in Brazil, re-introduced Protestantism. John VIII died in 1638 and was succeeded by his only son
328:
1167:
856:
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377:
287:
1254:
800:
642:
337:
296:
99:
1234:
981:
776:
281:
223:
87:
728:
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346:
210:
that existed between 1303 and 1328, and again from 1606 to 1743. From 1626 to 1734, it was subdivided into
504:
484:
452:
355:
315:
668:, who had to cede part of Nassau-Siegen (north of the Sieg river) to the Protestant branch of the family.
596:
times. Bearing witness to this longtime industry are the many mines that can be found within city limits.
681:
611:
after the latter transferred one half of the ownership to the former. Moreover, there is proof that the
580:
river name Sieg. It is, however, unclear whether there is any relation between this name and the Celtic-
495:, he regained his territories. In a treaty signed on May 31, 1815, he ceded his German possessions to
689:
472:
592:
dates from 1079. The city's history is markedly shaped by mining, which locally began as far back as
1229:
684:. Under their leadership, mining, the main source of wealth, blossomed, along with agriculture and
615:("upper stately home") was already standing at this time. On 19 October 1303, the town was granted
696:, he found himself unseated by the French leader and the Siegerland passed to the Grand Duchy of
528:
274:
235:
735:
721:
677:
405:
599:
In 1224, Siegen is mentioned as a newly built town whose ownership was shared by the Count of
487:
of Orange-Nassau lost his remaining German possessions, as a punishment for his opposition to
428:
of the
Protestant line married Marie Elisabeth of Limburg-Styrum, who brought the Lordship of
653:
608:
227:
234:. It was located some 50 km east of Cologne, and it contained the modern localities of
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476:
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8:
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In 1536, Heinrich the Rich built a "paedagogium" in the buildings that had once housed a
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owing to a crucial railroad that crossed through the town. On 1 April 1945, the US
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660:. In 1632, Nassau-Siegen was conquered by the Swedes, after which his half-brother
600:
581:
577:
569:
231:
421:
1214:
565:
365:
This division created a new principality of Nassau-Siegen. It belonged to the
359:
291:
262:
1223:
468:
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685:
455:
of the Orange-Nassau-Dietz line, who thereby reunited all the lands of the
409:
381:
350:
318:
died in 1606, Nassau-Dillenburg was divided among his five surviving sons:
203:
63:
524:
239:
705:
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479:
Nassau-Siegen and placed it under the sovereignty of the newly created
215:
656:, and wanted to use force to make the townsfolk also convert back to
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251:
693:
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and later of the
Prussian province of Cleves, Mark, and Ravensberg.
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53:
1160:
The war in myth, legend and history. In: The Thirty Year's War
1162:(2nd ed.). London and New York: Routledge. p. 184.
440:
of the
Protestant line was also elevated to Imperial Prince.
652:
His son John VIII ("The
Younger") returned in 1612 to the
734:
During World War II, Siegen was repeatedly bombed by the
443:
In 1734, the Protestant line died out with the death of
1250:
Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia
499:, in return for Prussia supporting the creation of the
372:
After John VII died in 1623, the country was divided:
16:
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1303–1328; 1606–1743)
688:. When Prince William of Orange refused to join the
676:
to transfer power in the territory to the Prince of
309:
257:
165:• Divided into Catholic and Protestant parts
1158:Parker, Geoffrey (1997). Parker, Geoffrey (ed.).
273:Nassau-Siegen was first created when the sons of
1221:
471:, the treaty of July 12, 1806, that created the
515:The principality consisted of the districts of
792:Nassau-Siegen reunited with Nassau-Dillenburg
392:The Lower Castle at Siegen in the 18th century
546:and in the east Wittgenstein-Wittgenstein.
538:. In the west, it bordered Wildenburg and
325:received a rather reduced Nassau-Dillenburg
746:
510:
155:• Split off from N-Dillenburg again
576:The name Siegen comes from the possibly
395:
387:
261:
1240:Principalities of the Holy Roman Empire
1222:
1157:
1151:
420:of the Catholic line was elevated to
218:parts. Its capital was the city of
447:. Nassau-Siegen was reunited under
185:• Fell to Orange-Nassau-Dietz
135:• Split off from N-Dillenburg
13:
953:
222:, founded in 1224 and initially a
145:• reunited with N-Dillenburg
14:
1266:
1205:
501:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
828:
367:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
310:Second Nassau-Siegen (1606–1743)
258:First Nassau-Siegen (1303–1328)
1186:(Revised Edition, 2006), p. 90
1176:
674:Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
645:("John the Middle") built the
633:. It later grew into today's
534:In the north, it bordered the
175:• C and P parts reunited
1:
1193:
708:. Siegen was assigned to the
662:John Maurice of Nassau-Siegen
542:. In the south, it bordered
462:
459:line of the House of Nassau.
436:into the marriage. In 1652,
23:Principality of Nassau-Siegen
751:
316:John VI of Nassau-Dillenburg
7:
277:divided their inheritance:
10:
1271:
1245:Former countries in Europe
690:Confederation of the Rhine
553:
549:
473:Confederation of the Rhine
791:
643:John VII of Nassau-Siegen
603:, Heinrich the Rich, and
503:, where he ruled as King
193:
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1215:History of Nassau-Siegen
1144:
973:relation to predecessor
890:John Francis Desideratus
848:relation to predecessor
716:, and as of 1817 in the
554:Part of this section is
418:John Francis Desideratus
228:archbishopric of Cologne
27:Fürstentum Nassau-Siegen
1255:Lists of office-holders
1200:Nassauische Territorien
1081:Frederick William Adolf
747:Rulers of Nassau-Siegen
704:for the Grand Duchy of
666:Johan Frans Desideratus
511:Extent of Nassau-Siegen
34:1303–1328 and 1606–1743
1235:House of Nassau-Siegen
722:Province of Westphalia
491:. In 1813, after the
401:
393:
284:received Nassau-Siegen
270:
740:8th Infantry Division
654:Roman Catholic Church
609:Archbishop of Cologne
399:
391:
265:
226:jointly owned by the
1114:Frederick William II
720:within the Prussian
605:Engelbert II of Berg
445:Frederick William II
536:Duchy of Westphalia
483:. In 1808, Prince
481:Grand Duchy of Berg
868:29 September 1583
729:district-free town
702:Kingdom of Prussia
680:and the Prince of
617:Soester Stadtrecht
402:
394:
271:
1198:A.J. Weidenbach:
1182:Stanton, Shelby,
1142:
1141:
1125:11 November 1706
1102:13 February 1722
1092:20 February 1680
1036:20 December 1679
951:
950:
944:18 February 1743
911:17 December 1699
826:
825:
822:7 September 1623
658:Roman Catholicism
544:Nassau-Dillenburg
540:Sayn-Altenkirchen
493:Battle of Leipzig
434:County of Zutphen
301:Nassau-Dillenburg
208:Holy Roman Empire
197:
196:
107:• 1699–1743
95:• 1606–1623
83:• 1303–1328
44:Holy Roman Empire
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1059:18 January 1649
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1006:son of John VII
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923:William Hyacinth
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449:William Hyacinth
400:The Lower Castle
376:His eldest son,
333:Nassau-Beilstein
112:William Hyacinth
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718:Arnsberg region
712:, first in the
710:Siegen district
647:Unteres Schloss
584:Sicambri (Ger.
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422:Imperial Prince
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42:State of the
41:
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20:
1199:
1197:
1183:
1178:
1159:
1153:
1039:halfbrother
1015:John Maurice
812:7 July 1561
781:before 1288
733:
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686:silviculture
670:
651:
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638:
637:at Siegen's
625:
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438:John Maurice
415:
410:Dutch Brazil
406:John Maurice
371:
364:
351:Nassau-Dietz
341:
313:
305:
272:
204:principality
199:
198:
70:Prince-Count
64:Principality
26:
1212:(in German)
682:Nassau-Diez
556:transcluded
529:Freudenberg
525:Hilchenbach
240:Hilchenbach
236:Freudenberg
224:condominium
206:within the
1224:Categories
1194:References
1131:1734-03-02
1121:1706-11-11
1110:1722-1734
1098:1722-02-13
1088:1680-02-20
1077:1691-1722
1065:1691-01-23
1055:1649-01-18
1044:1679-1691
1032:1679-12-20
1022:1604-06-18
1011:1642-1679
999:1642-07-17
989:1592-08-13
978:1624-1642
940:1743-02-18
930:1667-04-03
919:1699-1743
907:1699-12-17
897:1627-07-28
886:1638-1699
874:1638-07-27
864:1583-09-29
853:1623-1638
818:1623-09-07
808:1561-07-07
797:1606-1623
773:1303-1328
706:Luxembourg
628:Franciscan
485:William VI
477:mediatised
463:After 1743
453:William IV
356:John Louis
216:Protestant
60:Government
857:John VIII
752:Undivided
635:Gymnasium
631:Monastery
586:Sugambrer
505:William I
424:. Count
416:In 1652,
378:John VIII
358:received
349:received
340:received
331:received
299:received
290:received
252:Wilnsdorf
801:John VII
694:Napoleon
641:(gate).
582:Germanic
489:Napoleon
457:Ottonian
338:John VII
244:Kreuztal
212:Catholic
100:John VII
1202:, 1870
1072:nephew
982:William
789:
639:Löhrtor
594:La Tène
570:history
568:|
550:History
521:Netphen
497:Prussia
432:in the
122:History
50:Capital
1166:
964:ruler
961:reign
839:ruler
836:reign
762:ruler
759:reign
736:Allies
678:Orange
601:Nassau
590:Sigena
578:Celtic
560:Siegen
527:, and
517:Siegen
329:George
314:After
288:Emicho
275:Otto I
267:Siegen
250:, and
248:Siegen
232:Nassau
220:Siegen
202:was a
125:
73:
54:Siegen
39:Status
1145:Notes
970:died
967:born
845:died
842:born
784:1347
777:Henry
768:died
765:born
558:from
430:Wisch
426:Henry
282:Henry
214:and
88:Henry
1164:ISBN
1138:son
1105:son
947:son
914:son
698:Berg
566:edit
467:The
382:Sieg
297:John
230:and
189:1743
179:1734
169:1626
159:1606
149:1328
139:1303
1226::
724:.
607:,
562:.
523:,
519:,
507:.
475:,
369:.
254:.
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