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and deteriorated further when
Amundsen saw that the Italian flag dropped by Nobile was larger than either of the others. Amundsen later recalled with scorn that after he and Ellsworth had dropped the flags of their countries onto the ice, Nobile began tossing armfuls of different flags and banners overboard and the
366:, journalist; Frithjof Storm-Johnsen, radioman; Flying Lt. Oscar Omdal, flight engineer; Natale Cecioni, chief mechanic; Renato Alessandrini, rigger; Ettore Arduino, Attilio Caratti and Vincenzo Pomella, mechanics. Nobile's little dog, Titina, who accompanied him everywhere, was also aboard as mascot.
219:
In 1925, Amundsen telegraphed Nobile asking to meet him at Oslo, where he proposed an airship trip across the Arctic. With a contract in place, Nobile modified the already completed N-1 for flight in arctic weather. As the expedition was being financed by the
Norwegian Aviation Society, the refitted
373:
reached the North Pole, at which point the
Norwegian, American and Italian flags were dropped from the airship onto the ice. Relations between Amundsen and Nobile, which had been lukewarm at best, were aggravated by the freezing and noisy conditions in the dirigible's cramped, unheated control car
191:
and its construction began in 1923. As part of the sales contract to the
Aviation Society, the airship was refitted for Arctic conditions. The pressurised envelope was reinforced with metal frames at the nose and tail, with a flexible tubular metal keel connecting the two. This was covered with
386:
The ice forming on the propellers as we went through the fog, and hurled against the underside of the bag, had pretty well scarred up the fabric covering the keel, though it had not opened up the gas bags or caused any hydrogen loss. We had used up all our cement in repairing the fabric..."
281:
would remain in the airship shed for a week for engine overhaul and maintenance; this included the addition of collapsible rubber boats for emergency use. Although scheduled to leave
Gatchina as soon as the weather allowed after 24 April, the departure was delayed another week as the
286:
at King's Bay, Spitsbergen had not yet been completed due to adverse weather. Although Nobile was anxious to leave for
Spitsbergen even if the mast and shed were not completed as he was concerned about the weather, the departure from Gatchina was postponed once again.
349:
The 16-man expedition included
Amundsen, the expedition leader and navigator; Nobile, the dirigible's designer and pilot; Lincoln Ellsworth, American outdoorsman and expedition sponsor, and polar explorer
381:
After crossing the pole, the airship's propellers became encrusted with ice to such an extent that pieces breaking off were flung against the outer cover, causing several rips and tears in the fabric.
134:, an overflight on 12 May 1926. It was also the first aircraft to fly over the polar ice cap between Europe and America. The expedition was the brainchild of polar explorer and expedition leader
3528:
147:
899:
826:. Amundsen wrote in his notebook that at 02:20 in the morning they were at the North Pole, 200 metres high with a temperature of −11 °C (12 °F).
277:; after a 17-hour flight, the airship arrived at 19:30, delayed by dense fog along the way. Following the arrival at Gatchina, Nobile announced that the
426:)—are all disputed as being either highly inaccurate or totally false. Some of those disputing these earlier claims therefore consider the crew of the
407:
was reportedly damaged somehow during the landing and was dismantled and shipped back to Italy for repairs and refurbishing that was never undertaken.
211:
by a violent wind gust. Two soldiers and a mechanic, who were unable to let go from the mooring lines, were carried 300 feet and dashed to death.
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fabric and used as storage and crew space. Three engine gondolas and the separate control cabin were attached to the bottom of the keel.
254:
Airship
Station in England at 15:20; because of the bad weather was not moored in the hangar until 18:30. Delayed again by weather, the
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trip was to observe the uncharted sea between the Pole and Alaska where some believed land was; at the time he thought
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623:. No. 29, 204. Washington, District of Columbia: Library of Congress. Associated Press. 15 April 1924. p. 1
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had become "a circus wagon of the skies", an occurrence Nobile later claimed
Amundsen had greatly exaggerated.
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on 6 April but was delayed due to strong winds and departed at 09:25 on 10 April. The ship arrived at
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had already reached the pole. This would be the dirigible's last stop before crossing the pole. The
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in northern Norway, where the airship mast is still standing today. The expedition then crossed the
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departed Ny-Ålesund for the final stretch across the polar ice on the morning of 11 May, at 9:55.
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was the first
Italian semi-rigid to be fitted with the cruciform tail fins first developed by the
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358:, navigator; 1st Lt. Emil Horgen, elevatorman; Capt. Birger Gottwaldt, radio expert, Dr
160:), financed the trip, which was known as the Amundsen-Ellsworth 1926 Transpolar Flight.
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was handed over to the Norwegian Aviation Society. The flight north was due to leave
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882:. Kenneth Leish, Columbia University Oral History Research Office. Archived from
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The three previous expeditions that claim to have reached the North Pole—led by
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6-cyl. water-cooled in-line piston engine, 190 kW (260 hp) each
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finally left Gatchina at 09:40 on the morning of 5 May to proceed to
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to be the first verified explorers to have reached the North Pole.
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880:"Land or Ocean? Umberto Nobile Explores the North Pole Terrain"
1600:
130:
that carried out the first verified trip of any kind to the
247:
242:
On 29 March 1926, at a ceremony at Ciampino aerodrome the
354:
who served as helmsman. Other crew members were 1st Lt.
2805:
864:. Marlborough, Wiltshire, England: The Crowood Press.
669:"The Flight to the Pole - Italian Airship at Pulham".
617:"3 Dashed to Death As Italian Airship Is Carried Away"
945:
778:. No. 44258. London. 29 April 1926. p. 15.
763:. No. 44259. London. 30 April 1926. p. 14.
748:. No. 44255. London. 26 April 1926. p. 13.
733:. No. 44257. London. 28 April 1926. p. 15.
718:. No. 44248. London. 17 April 1926. p. 11.
703:. No. 44245. London. 16 April 1926. p. 14.
688:. No. 44245. London. 13 April 1926. p. 16.
673:. No. 44243. London. 12 April 1926. p. 14.
658:. No. 44233. London. 30 March 1926. p. 13.
537:19,000 m (670,000 cu ft) of gaseous
684:"The Polar Airship - Start for Oslo Last Night".
326:for his North Pole attempt. Nobile explained the
142:and the wealthy American adventurer and explorer
4114:
862:Transatlantic Airships – An Illustrated History
1007:
640:
638:
110:, for transport to Europe. Never flown again.
859:
476:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
258:left Pulham for Oslo at 11:45 on 12 April.
1014:
1000:
767:
752:
635:
187:designed by Italian aeronautical engineer
797:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
737:
722:
707:
692:
677:
662:
647:
496:Learn how and when to remove this message
433:
163:
4072:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
340:
289:
230:
167:
3647:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
565:115 km/h (71 mph, 62 kn)
4115:
852:Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth,
782:
519:Payload 9,500 kg (20,900 lb)
362:of Uppsala University, meteorologist;
2791:
1033:
1021:
995:
4123:1920s Italian civil utility aircraft
474:adding citations to reliable sources
441:
422:in 1926 (just a few days before the
3433:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1630:Norse colonization of North America
214:
138:, the airship's designer and pilot
13:
2962:United States Exploring Expedition
525:106 m (347 ft 9 in)
207:was carried away from its base at
14:
4164:
4036:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
3404:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
927:
95:March 1924 as N-1; April 1926 as
3930:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
3323:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
979:
967:
955:
531:26 m (85 ft 4 in)
446:
31:
16:Italian polar-expedition airship
900:"Tote Helden sind wahre Helden"
898:Kumpch, Jens-Uwe (1996-05-11).
856:, Doubleday, Garden City, 1928.
854:First Crossing of the Polar Sea
829:
817:
806:
395:reached the Inupiat village of
261:At 01:00 on 15 April 1926, the
238:on take off at Ciampino Airport
609:
369:On 12 May at 01:25 (GMT), the
1:
3309:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
3244:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
2792:
597:
55:(Italian registration number)
3666:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
3482:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
3288:French Antarctic Expeditions
3218:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
3104:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
1222:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
654:"Capt. Amundsen's Airship".
602:
7:
2751:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
2430:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
1295:Andrée's balloon expedition
897:
835:
823:
812:
801:
569:
403:, about 70 miles away. The
10:
4169:
4138:Arctic exploration vessels
1952:Franklin's lost expedition
1652:Christian IV's expeditions
1034:
860:Christopher, John (2010).
845:
774:"Norge's Voyage Delayed".
744:"Norge's Voyage Delayed".
592:Spitsbergen Airship Museum
148:Norwegian Aviation Society
3769:
3500:
3087:
2827:
2804:
2800:
2787:
2306:Great Northern Expedition
2200:
1982:Rae–Richardson expedition
1731:
1576:
1182:British Arctic Expedition
1074:
1046:
1042:
1029:
838:: "Zirkuswagen am Himmel"
714:"The Norge at Gatchina".
157:Norsk Luftseiladsforening
102:
91:
83:
78:
70:
59:
44:
39:
30:
23:
3590:British Antarctic Survey
3584:Captain Arturo Prat Base
2829:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
4066:Pole of inaccessibility
3729:Antarctic Treaty System
2070:2nd Grinnell expedition
644:Christopher 2010, p. 79
510:General characteristics
310:to reach King's Bay at
220:N-1 was christened the
699:"The Norge's Voyage".
389:
346:
295:
239:
203:On 15 April 1924, the
183:was the first N-class
177:
164:Design and development
155:
3736:Transglobe Expedition
3635:Operation Deep Freeze
3044:Challenger expedition
1910:Coppermine expedition
1431:Drifting ice stations
384:
356:Hjalmar Riiser-Larsen
344:
293:
234:
171:
470:improve this section
146:who, along with the
74:Umberto Nobile et al
4148:Individual aircraft
3906:South magnetic pole
2572:Brusilov expedition
1681:Danish colonization
1119:North magnetic pole
320:Richard Evelyn Byrd
318:. There Nobile met
172:Fragments from the
40:General information
3597:Operation Windmill
3578:Operation Highjump
2553:Rusanov expedition
2458:A. E. Nordenskiöld
2202:North East Passage
2006:McClure expedition
347:
332:Robert Edwin Peary
296:
294:Mast in Ny-Ålesund
240:
209:Ciampino aerodrome
185:semi-rigid airship
178:
65:semi-rigid airship
4143:Hydrogen airships
4133:Airships of Italy
4110:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4102:
4101:
3564:Operation Tabarin
3426:Far Eastern Party
3272:Nimrod Expedition
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2342:M. Pronchishcheva
2264:Siberian Cossacks
1733:Northwest Passage
1066:Research stations
1023:Polar exploration
871:978-1-84797-161-6
506:
505:
498:
144:Lincoln Ellsworth
114:
113:
4160:
4128:1926 in aviation
3611:Ronne Expedition
3096:
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2954:Dumont d'Urville
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2801:
2789:
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2337:V. Pronchishchev
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934:Works about the
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910:. Archived from
908:Berliner Zeitung
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434:Specifications (
215:Polar expedition
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3641:McMurdo Station
3510:Modern research
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3231:O. Nordenskjöld
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2999:Ross expedition
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1737:Northern Canada
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420:Richard E. Byrd
391:On 14 May, the
324:Fokker Trimotor
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3849:Southern Cross
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3771:Farthest South
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3468:Ross Sea party
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3453:
3448:
3443:
3429:
3422:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3333:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3268:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3252:
3240:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3186:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3162:Southern Cross
3155:Southern Cross
3151:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3099:
3097:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3020:
3014:
2995:
2994:
2993:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2901:Bellingshausen
2891:
2884:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2798:
2797:
2785:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2760:
2748:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2561:
2549:
2544:
2543:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2513:
2512:
2511:
2497:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2210:
2208:
2206:Russian Arctic
2198:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2022:
2017:
2002:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1990:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1963:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1741:
1739:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1648:
1643:
1641:Snæbjörn galti
1638:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1543:
1536:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1508:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1434:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1387:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1310:
1305:
1304:
1303:
1291:
1290:
1289:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1178:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1082:
1076:Farthest North
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1040:
1039:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1004:
996:
989:
988:
976:
964:
944:
943:
929:
928:External links
926:
924:
923:
895:
876:
870:
857:
849:
847:
844:
841:
840:
828:
816:
805:
781:
766:
751:
736:
721:
706:
691:
676:
661:
646:
634:
607:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
595:
594:
589:
581:
571:
568:
567:
566:
563:Maximum speed:
552:
551:
541:
532:
526:
520:
504:
503:
454:
452:
445:
439:
432:
412:Frederick Cook
397:Teller, Alaska
322:preparing his
216:
213:
189:Umberto Nobile
165:
162:
140:Umberto Nobile
136:Roald Amundsen
126:Italian-built
112:
111:
108:Teller, Alaska
106:Dismantled at
104:
100:
99:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
61:
57:
56:
46:
42:
41:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4165:
4154:
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4149:
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4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
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4118:
4095:
4092:
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4087:
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4078:
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4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
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4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
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3975:
3971:
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3966:
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3811:
3807:
3804:
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3802:
3801:
3796:
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3663:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3648:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3561:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3346:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3190:
3189:Discovery Hut
3187:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3086:
3078:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2834:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2786:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2719:A. Sibiryakov
2716:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2692:
2691:Glavsevmorput
2688:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1993:J. Richardson
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1755:M. Corte-Real
1753:
1751:
1750:G. Corte-Real
1748:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1673:C. Richardson
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
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1637:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1542:
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1482:Georgiy Sedov
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1369:Riiser-Larsen
1367:
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977:
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942:
938:
937:
932:
931:
914:on 2007-03-18
913:
909:
906:(in German).
905:
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896:
886:on 2008-12-01
885:
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867:
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792:
790:
788:
786:
777:
770:
762:
759:"The Norge".
755:
747:
740:
732:
729:"The Norge".
725:
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702:
695:
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672:
665:
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582:
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578:
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548:Maybach Mb.IV
545:
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536:
533:
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521:
518:
515:
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455:This section
453:
449:
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443:
437:
431:
429:
425:
421:
418:in 1909, and
417:
413:
408:
406:
402:
398:
394:
388:
383:
379:
377:
372:
367:
365:
361:
360:Finn Malmgren
357:
353:
352:Oscar Wisting
345:Mast in Vadsø
343:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
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292:
288:
285:
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109:
105:
101:
98:
94:
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86:
82:
77:
73:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
47:
45:Other name(s)
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
4064:
4052:Pole of Cold
4050:
3976:
3967:
3935:
3928:
3904:
3875:
3861:
3855:Borchgrevink
3847:
3834:
3819:
3799:
3784:
3753:
3734:
3727:
3711:
3697:
3688:
3671:
3664:
3645:
3633:
3609:
3595:
3588:
3576:
3562:
3548:
3534:
3527:
3488:
3480:
3466:
3459:
3457:
3439:
3431:
3424:
3411:
3402:
3364:
3356:
3347:
3340:
3328:
3321:
3307:
3295:Pourquoi-Pas
3294:
3286:
3278:
3270:
3265:Orcadas Base
3263:
3255:
3242:
3236:C. A. Larsen
3224:
3216:
3202:
3195:
3182:
3174:
3168:Borchgrevink
3161:
3153:
3110:
3102:
3077:C. A. Larsen
3070:
3051:
3042:
3024:
3006:
2997:
2984:
2969:
2960:
2947:
2908:
2894:
2887:
2868:
2853:
2763:
2756:
2739:
2732:
2718:
2703:
2689:
2676:
2651:
2637:
2635:
2621:
2619:
2613:
2611:
2577:
2570:
2551:
2517:
2515:
2501:
2499:
2481:
2471:
2469:
2449:
2447:
2428:
2304:
2262:
2245:
2213:
2177:
2175:
2155:
2154:
2134:
2133:
2119:
2106:
2091:
2077:
2068:
2055:
2026:
2014:Investigator
2013:
2004:
1980:
1967:
1959:
1950:
1937:
1908:
1885:
1870:
1855:
1825:
1810:
1780:
1699:
1679:
1650:
1646:Erik the Red
1628:
1606:
1599:
1556:submersibles
1553:
1547:Arktika 2007
1545:
1538:
1531:
1528:
1512:
1503:
1500:
1481:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1436:
1429:
1405:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1380:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1315:
1312:
1301:S. A. Andrée
1293:
1280:
1255:
1247:
1244:
1220:
1202:
1189:
1180:
1162:
1153:
1151:
1117:
941:Open Library
935:
916:. Retrieved
912:the original
903:
888:. Retrieved
884:the original
861:
853:
831:
819:
808:
775:
769:
760:
754:
745:
739:
730:
724:
715:
709:
700:
694:
685:
679:
670:
664:
655:
649:
625:. Retrieved
621:Evening Star
620:
611:
587:Storage Site
584:
576:
562:
555:
553:
543:
534:
528:
522:
516:
509:
507:
492:
483:
468:Please help
456:
435:
427:
423:
416:Robert Peary
409:
404:
392:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
368:
364:Fredrik Ramm
348:
335:
327:
299:
297:
284:mooring mast
278:
269:in Oslo for
262:
260:
255:
243:
241:
235:
225:
221:
218:
204:
202:
198:Schütte-Lanz
193:
180:
179:
173:
118:
117:
115:
96:
92:First flight
84:Manufactured
52:
48:
24:
18:
3755:Lake Vostok
3705:Tryoshnikov
3627:Schlossbach
3518:Christensen
3460:James Caird
3381:E. R. Evans
3147:Dobrowolski
3117:de Gerlache
2819:Expeditions
2705:Aviaarktika
2659:Samoylovich
2530:Kolomeitsev
2424:Middendorff
2384:Gedenshtrom
1804:I. Fyodorov
1566:Chilingarov
1454:E. Fyodorov
1061:Expeditions
836:Kumpch 1996
824:Kumpch 1996
813:Kumpch 1996
556:Performance
544:Powerplant:
308:Barents Sea
252:RNAS Pulham
4153:North Pole
4117:Categories
3978:Terra Nova
3883:Shackleton
3826:J. C. Ross
3785:Resolution
3775:South Pole
3550:New Swabia
3474:Mackintosh
3446:Shackleton
3365:Terra Nova
3358:Terra Nova
3092:Heroic Age
3052:Challenger
3012:J. C. Ross
2922:Bransfield
2854:Resolution
2769:icebreaker
2733:Chelyuskin
2474:expedition
2452:Expedition
2394:Matyushkin
2352:Kh. Laptev
2347:Chelyuskin
2241:Heemskerck
2231:Chancellor
2226:Willoughby
2221:Koch boats
2164:Stefansson
2098:McClintock
2062:Inglefield
1904:J. C. Ross
1811:Resolution
1663:Cunningham
1561:Sagalevich
1250:expedition
1209:Stephenson
1169:C. F. Hall
1156:expedition
1130:J. C. Ross
1093:Heemskerck
1080:North Pole
918:2009-03-11
904:Textarchiv
890:2009-03-11
598:References
312:Ny-Ålesund
224:(English:
132:North Pole
124:semi-rigid
4077:Tolstikov
3863:Discovery
3833:HMS
3818:HMS
3800:Adventure
3798:HMS
3783:HMS
3719:Tolstikov
3440:Endurance
3225:Antarctic
3210:Drygalski
3183:Discovery
3176:Discovery
3137:Arctowski
3050:HMS
3023:HMS
3017:Abernethy
3005:HMS
2983:USS
2970:Vincennes
2968:USS
2948:Astrolabe
2888:San Telmo
2869:Adventure
2867:HMS
2852:HMS
2847:Kerguelen
2809:Continent
2794:Antarctic
2671:Urvantsev
2629:Vilkitsky
2482:Jeannette
2480:USS
2472:Jeannette
2436:Weyprecht
2414:Pakhtusov
2364:Chichagov
2357:D. Laptev
2300:Permyakov
2275:Stadukhin
2270:Perfilyev
2247:Mangazeya
2185:H. Larsen
2150:Rasmussen
2105:HMS
2076:USS
2025:HMS
2012:HMS
1976:Collinson
1966:HMS
1958:HMS
1936:HMS
1884:HMS
1869:HMS
1854:HMS
1839:Mackenzie
1826:Discovery
1824:HMS
1809:HMS
1781:Discovery
1760:Frobisher
1723:Rasmussen
1636:Gunnbjörn
1582:Greenland
1511:USS
1502:USS
1374:Ellsworth
1316:Roosevelt
1246:Nansen's
1203:Discovery
1201:HMS
1188:HMS
1135:Abernethy
1103:Marmaduke
974:Companies
776:The Times
761:The Times
746:The Times
731:The Times
716:The Times
701:The Times
686:The Times
671:The Times
656:The Times
603:Footnotes
579:(airship)
529:Diameter:
517:Capacity:
457:does not
414:in 1908,
275:Leningrad
200:company.
152:Norwegian
4089:A. Fuchs
4046:V. Fuchs
4026:McKinley
3989:E. Evans
3948:Bjaaland
3943:Amundsen
3893:Marshall
3806:Furneaux
3658:V. Fuchs
3622:E. Ronne
3617:F. Ronne
3556:Ritscher
3410:SY
3398:Filchner
3342:Framheim
3336:Amundsen
3142:Racoviță
3127:Amundsen
3122:Lecointe
2991:Ringgold
2985:Porpoise
2875:Furneaux
2711:Shevelev
2666:Begichev
2645:Amundsen
2607:Nagórski
2585:Brusilov
2579:Sv. Anna
2493:Melville
2463:Palander
2419:Tsivolko
2379:Sannikov
2374:Billings
2317:Chirikov
2236:Barentsz
2178:St. Roch
2169:Bartlett
2143:Amundsen
2127:Sverdrup
2027:Resolute
1916:Franklin
1844:Kotzebue
1711:Sverdrup
1694:Scoresby
1668:Lindenov
1519:Plaisted
1504:Nautilus
1449:Shirshov
1423:Belyakov
1418:Baydukov
1392:Nautilus
1354:Amundsen
1314:SS
1273:Sverdrup
1268:Johansen
1238:Brainard
1233:Lockwood
1088:Barentsz
986:Aviation
627:15 April
570:See also
539:Hydrogen
486:May 2018
316:Svalbard
271:Gatchina
63:N-class
4094:Messner
4041:Hillary
4021:Balchen
3969:Polheim
3963:Wisting
3841:Crozier
3813:Weddell
3791:J. Cook
3761:Kapitsa
3742:Fiennes
3684:Klenova
3653:Hillary
3603:Ketchum
3529:BANZARE
3504:·
3349:Polheim
3315:Shirase
3301:Charcot
3111:Belgica
3030:Crozier
2942:Morrell
2937:Weddell
2915:Lazarev
2860:J. Cook
2814:History
2764:Arktika
2740:Krassin
2725:Voronin
2697:Schmidt
2683:Ushakov
2622:Vaygach
2590:Albanov
2559:Rusanov
2540:Kolchak
2535:Matisen
2509:Makarov
2488:De Long
2389:Wrangel
2369:Lyakhov
2322:Malygin
2280:Dezhnev
2107:Pandora
2078:Advance
2045:Kennedy
2040:Belcher
2033:Kellett
2020:McClure
1944:Beechey
1938:Blossom
1931:Simpson
1899:Crozier
1892:Hoppner
1849:J. Ross
1817:J. Cook
1765:Gilbert
1658:J. Hall
1624:Ingólfr
1614:Naddodd
1608:Vikings
1595:Brendan
1590:Pytheas
1578:Iceland
1532:Arktika
1524:Herbert
1489:Badygin
1459:Krenkel
1444:Papanin
1413:Chkalov
1399:Wilkins
1364:Wisting
1308:F. Cook
1214:Markham
1174:Bessels
1163:Polaris
1154:Polaris
1125:J. Ross
1108:Carolus
1056:History
948:Portals
846:Sources
535:Volume:
523:Length:
478:removed
463:sources
267:Ekeberg
128:airship
79:History
4004:Bowers
3999:Wilson
3958:Hassel
3953:Helmer
3922:Mackay
3912:Mawson
3877:Nimrod
3835:Terror
3820:Erebus
3747:Burton
3542:Rymill
3418:Mawson
3412:Aurora
3391:Lashly
3376:Wilson
3279:Nimrod
3256:Scotia
3063:Murray
3038:Cooper
3025:Terror
3007:Erebus
2976:Wilkes
2927:Palmer
2895:Vostok
2842:Bouvet
2766:-class
2746:Gakkel
2614:Taymyr
2595:Konrad
2564:Kuchin
2502:Yermak
2409:Lavrov
2327:Ovtsyn
2312:Bering
2290:Ivanov
2253:Hudson
2215:Pomors
2192:Cowper
2157:Karluk
2056:Isabel
2050:Bellot
2000:Austin
1968:Terror
1960:Erebus
1856:Griper
1832:Clerke
1792:Baffin
1775:Hudson
1706:Nansen
1619:Garðar
1540:Barneo
1407:ANT-25
1383:Italia
1359:Nobile
1328:Henson
1287:Amedeo
1263:Nansen
1228:Greely
1098:Hudson
1036:Arctic
868:
802:Nobile
577:Italia
265:left
226:Norway
176:s tail
174:Norge'
122:was a
71:Owners
53:I-SAAN
4084:Crary
4031:Dufek
3994:Oates
3984:Scott
3917:David
3898:Adams
3869:Barne
3690:Mirny
3679:Somov
3489:Quest
3386:Crean
3371:Scott
3250:Bruce
3204:Gauss
3197:Gauss
3071:Jason
3058:Nares
2932:Davis
2909:Mirny
2882:Smith
2837:Roché
2757:Lenin
2677:Sadko
2602:Wiese
2547:Sedov
2518:Zarya
2441:Payer
2404:Litke
2399:Anjou
2332:Minin
2295:Vagin
2285:Popov
2258:Poole
2113:Young
1926:Dease
1871:Hecla
1862:Parry
1787:Bylot
1770:Davis
1745:Cabot
1718:Peary
1700:Jason
1687:Egede
1601:Papar
1513:Skate
1494:Wiese
1474:NP-37
1467:NP-36
1347:Norge
1335:Sedov
1323:Peary
1281:Jason
1196:Nares
1190:Alert
1145:Hayes
1113:Parry
1051:Ocean
962:Italy
936:Norge
585:Norge
436:Norge
428:Norge
424:Norge
405:Norge
393:Norge
376:Norge
371:Norge
336:Norge
328:Norge
304:Vadsø
300:Norge
279:Norge
273:near
263:Norge
256:Norge
244:Norge
236:Norge
222:Norge
194:Norge
181:Norge
119:Norge
97:Norge
25:Norge
4016:Byrd
3937:Fram
3888:Wild
3570:Marr
3536:BGLE
3523:Byrd
3451:Wild
3330:Fram
3132:Cook
2653:AARI
2638:Maud
2525:Toll
2450:Vega
2136:Gjøa
2121:Fram
2084:Kane
1921:Back
1886:Fury
1877:Lyon
1799:Munk
1438:NP-1
1340:Byrd
1257:Fram
1248:Fram
1140:Kane
866:ISBN
629:2024
546:3 ×
461:any
459:cite
401:Nome
298:The
248:Rome
116:The
103:Fate
87:1923
60:Type
3713:3rd
3699:2nd
3673:1st
3506:IGY
3502:IPY
2092:Fox
1988:Rae
1554:Mir
1530:NS
939:at
472:by
228:).
205:N-1
49:N-1
4119::
2618:/
902:.
784:^
637:^
619:.
314:,
154::
51:,
3095:"
3089:"
3032:)
3028:(
3019:)
3010:(
1015:e
1008:t
1001:v
950::
921:.
893:.
874:.
631:.
499:)
493:(
488:)
484:(
480:.
466:.
438:)
150:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
