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5712:
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1392:
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7004:
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8105:
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1349:
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7912:
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1402:
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1181:
6911:
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6150:
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4289:
7730:
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3422:
7286:
4507:
6300:
891:
7216:
3661:
4445:
6356:
3748:
6733:
7898:
59:
1044:
3601:
3319:
7933:
3689:
3057:
7225:
6338:
4027:
6376:
5456:
698:
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710:
6558:
2764:
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8119:
5470:
7236:
5728:
4365:
3615:
880:(1969) proposed that southern Cheshire be grouped with north Staffordshire as part of a West Midlands province as opposed to a North West England one. Occasionally, "Northern England" may be used to describe England's northernmost reaches only, broadly the North East and Cumbria, excluding the entirety, or at least the majority, of Lancashire and Yorkshire. Some settlements, including Sheffield, located in the far south of what would typically be defined as "the North", have been referred to as being in the "
4977:
6895:
79:
5412:
6881:
7474:
7254:
6715:
3675:
1133:
3971:
3645:
1339:
4673:– in September 2016, 82.2% of workers in the Northern statistical regions were employed in services, compared to 83.7% for the UK as a whole. Manufacturing now employs 9.5%, compared to the national average of 7.6%. The unemployment rate in Northern England is 5.3% compared to an England-wide and UK-wide average of 4.8%, and the North East has the highest unemployment rate in the UK, at 7.0% in December 2016, more than one
4661:, where three times as many places go to southerners as to northerners, and at other Southern universities; while southerners are under-represented at leading Northern universities such as Sheffield, Manchester and Leeds. There are calls for the government to invest in education in disadvantaged parts of Northern England to redress the disparities in educational attainment and university admissions between north and south.
99:
8010:
7996:
7982:
7968:
7954:
7940:
18779:
5604:
912:
898:
940:
954:
926:
4244:. The latter was the largest bomb detonation in Great Britain since the end of the Second World War, and damaged or destroyed much of central Manchester. The attack led to Manchester's ageing infrastructure being rebuilt and modernised, sparking the regeneration of the city and making it a leading example of post-industrial redevelopment followed by other cities in the region and beyond.
4122:. The Great Depression highlighted the weakness of Northern England's specialised economy: as world trade declined, demand for ships, steel, coal and textiles all fell. For the most part, Northern factories were still using nineteenth-century technology, and were not able to keep up with advances in industries such as motors, chemicals and electricals, while the expansion of the
2365:(such as Cheshire and South Yorkshire) are the warmest with average maximum July temperatures of over 21 °C (70 °F): the highest points in the Pennines and Lake District reach only 17 °C (63 °F). The North has a reputation for cloud and fog – with the west's high average rainfall and the east coast experiences a distinctive
4397:
slowly narrowing: between 1991 and 1993 and 2012–2014, life expectancy in the North East increased by 6.0 years and in the North West by 5.8 years, the fastest increases in any region outside London, and the gap between life expectancy in the North East and South East is now 2.5 years, down from 2.9 in 1993.
4264:, Northern England had a population of 15,550,000, in 6,659,700 households. This is an increase from the 14,933,000 (and 6,364,000 households) counted in the 2011 census, and itself a growth of 5.1% from 2001. This means that Northerners comprise 28% of the English population and 24% of the UK population.
5819:, Northern cheeses typically use uncooked milk and a pre-salted curd pressed under enormous weights, resulting in a moist, sharp-tasting cheese. Wensleydale, another crumbly cheese, is unusual in that it is often served as a side to sweet cakes, which are themselves well represented in Northern England.
5080:
The expansion of the railway network in the second half of the nineteenth century meant most in the North lived within reach of the coast, and seaside towns saw a major tourism boom. By around 1870 Blackpool on the
Lancashire coast had become overwhelmingly the most popular destination – not just for
4328:
At the 2011 census, the North East and North West had the largest proportion of
Christians in England and Wales; 67.5% and 67.3% respectively (the proportion in Yorkshire and the Humber was lower at 59.5%). Yorkshire and the Humber and the North West both had significant populations of Muslims – 6.2%
3047:
With urbanisation, distinctive urban accents have arisen which often differ greatly from the historical accents of the surrounding rural areas and sometimes share features with
Southern English accents. Northern English dialects remain an important part of the culture of the region, and the desire of
4768:
is a major employer in
Northern England. Between 2000 and 2008, the majority of new jobs created in Northern England were for the government and its suppliers and contractors. All three Northern regions have public sector employment above the national average, and North East has the highest level in
3735:
across much of
Yorkshire as well as northern Lancashire and County Durham. The region was gripped by famine and much of Northern England was deserted. Chroniclers at the time reported a hundred thousand deaths – modern estimates place the total somewhere in the tens of thousands, out of a population
1191:
Uniquely for such a large urban belt in Europe, the cities in this region are all as recent as the
Industrial Revolution – most of them previously scattered villages. Vast urban areas have emerged along the coasts and rivers, and they run almost contiguously into each other in places. Near the
4267:
Taken overall, 8% of the population of
Northern England were born overseas (3% from the European Union including Ireland and 5% from elsewhere), substantially less than the England and Wales average of 13%, and 5% define their nationality as something other than a UK or Irish identity. 90.5% of the
5484:
The individual regions of the North have had their own identities and cultures for centuries, but with industrialisation, mass media and the opening of the North–South divide, a common
Northern identity began to develop. This identity was initially a reactionary response to Southern prejudices—the
5121:
in the 1970s was the death of most
Northern seaside resorts. Blackpool has maintained a focus on tourism, and remains one of the most visited towns in England, but visitor numbers are far below their peak and the town's economy has suffered – both employment rates and average earnings remain below
3202:
has given rise to new accents and dialects. For instance, the variety of
English spoken by Poles in Manchester is distinct both from typical Polish-accented English and from Mancunian. At a local level, the diversity of immigrant communities means that some languages that are extremely rare in the
5514:
runs the home and controls the family's finances. This too has its roots in industrialisation, when mills offered well-paid work for women: during depressions when demand for coal and steel were low, women were often the main breadwinners. Northern women are still stereotyped as strong-willed and
5358:
are the only national papers with more readers in Northern England than in the South East and London. Local newspapers are the top-selling titles in both the North East and Yorkshire and the Humber, although Northern regional newspapers have seen steep declines in readership in recent years. Only
4396:
has the lowest life expectancy at birth in England – male life expectancy at birth between 2012 and 2014 was 74.7, against an England-wide average of 79.5 – and the majority of English districts in the bottom 50 were in the North East or the North West. However, regional differences do seem to be
4065:
proliferated across Northern England, chiefly in Lancashire, but also elsewhere in the North. By 1881 there were 374 Orange organisations in Lancashire, 71 in the North East, and 42 in Yorkshire. From further afield, Northern England saw immigration from European countries such as Germany, Italy,
5185:
was never nationalised, has simultaneously some of the fastest and slowest internet speeds in the country: many households have "ultrafast" fibre optic broadband as standard, but it is also one of only two places in the UK where over 30% of businesses receive less than 10 Mbit/s. Speeds are
4893:
than the UK average, and the North East is the only region of England to regularly export more than it imports. Chemicals, vehicles, machinery and other manufactured goods make up the majority of Northern exports, just over half of which go to EU countries. Major manufacturing plants include car
2364:
behind the Pennines. As a result the coast north of the Humber are the driest parts of the North, the Tees basin has 600 mm (24 in) of rain per year while parts of the Lake District receive over 3,200 mm (130 in). Lowland regions in the more southern parts of Northern England
4169:
with thousands killed and significant damage done. Liverpool, a vital port for supplies from North America, was especially hard hit – the city was the most bombed in the UK outside London and Hull, with around 4,000 deaths across Merseyside and most of the city centre destroyed. Hull, the worst
4818:
The only part of the region that is predominantly given over to crops is the land around the Humber estuary, where the well-drained fens result in excellent quality land. The lowland Cheshire Plain is mostly given over to dairy farming, while in the Pennines and Cheviots grazing sheep play an
6782:) between Lancashire and Yorkshire is one of the hardest fought rivalries in the sport – the pride of both sides, and their determination not to lose, resulted in the teams developing a slow, stubborn and defensive style that proved unpopular elsewhere in the country. The London-based
4268:
population described themselves as white, compared to an England and Wales average of 85.9%; other ethnicities represented include Pakistani (2.9%), Indian (1.3%), Black (1.3%), Chinese (0.6%) and Bangladeshi (0.5%). The broad averages hide significant variation within the region:
976:
Personal definitions of the North vary greatly. When asked to draw a dividing line between North and South, Southerners tend to draw this line further south than Northerners do. From the Southern perspective, Northern England is sometimes defined jokingly as the area north of the
4798:
There are 2,580,000 hectares (6,400,000 acres; 25,800 km; 10,000 sq mi) of farmland in Northern England. The rough Pennine terrain means that most of Northern England is unsuited for growing crops; like Scotland, Northern farming was traditionally dominated by
4066:
Poland, Russia and Scandinavia. Some immigrants were well-to-do industrialists seeking to do business in the booming industrial cities, some were escaping poverty, some were servants or slaves, some were sailors who chose to settle in the port towns, some were Jews fleeing
8059:
Manchester Airport is a major hub and the busiest airport anywhere in the UK outside London, handling 23.3 million people in 2022 (10.5% of all UK passengers), and Newcastle (4.1 million), Liverpool (3.5 million) and Leeds-Bradford (3.3 million) serve their city regions.
11860:
3923:, York, which was founded in 1484 by Richard III. The Council existed intermittently for the next two centuries – its final incarnation was created in the aftermath of the Pilgrimage of Grace and was chiefly an institution for providing order and dispensing justice.
6447:
followed suit. The protest gathered momentum to the point where more than 30 clubs, predominantly from the North, announced that they would set up a rival British Football Association if the FA did not permit professionalism. A schism was avoided in July 1885 when
6467:
followed as the workforces of majority-female factories of Northern England in the First World War entered the 1917–18 Tyne, Wear & Tees Munition Girls Cup – the world's first women's football tournament. However, the FA did not support women's football and
1029:, nor the majority of Yorkshire. Northern England is not a homogeneous unit, and some have entirely rejected the idea that the North exists as a coherent entity, claiming that considerable cultural differences across the area overwhelm any similarities.
12190:
16529:
3282:
in North Yorkshire generally considered the most significant monument of this era. The Star Carr site includes Britain's oldest known house, from around 9000 BC, and the earliest evidence of carpentry in the form of a carved tree trunk from 11000 BC.
5966:
5679:
became more popular, and the influence of Northern bands and football teams helped spread them across the country. In the twenty-first century, some traditional Northern items of clothing have begun to make a comeback – in particular, the flat cap.
4692:
districts in England are all in Northern England, as are ten of the twelve most declining major towns in the UK. The picture is not clear-cut, as the North has areas which are as wealthy as, if not wealthier than, fashionable Southern areas such as
3334:, likely meaning "Highlanders". Whether the Brigantes were a unified group or a looser federation of tribes around the Pennines is debated, but the name appears to have been adopted by the inhabitants of the region, which was known by the Romans as
7801:, but infrastructure is poorly funded compared to Southern railways: railways in London received £5426 per resident in 2015 while those in the North East received just £223 per resident, and journeys between major cities are slow and overcrowded.
5112:
The same social forces that had built these resorts in the nineteenth century proved to be their undoing in the twentieth. Transport links continued to improve and it became possible to travel overseas quickly and affordably. The Belgian coast at
5172:
in the UK outside London, and forms the main hub for the region. Household internet access in Northern England is at or above the UK average, but speeds and broadband penetration vary greatly. In 2013 the average speed in central Manchester was
10160:
8497:
7142:
came from Northern constituencies. After 2013, BNP support in the region collapsed as most voters swung to UKIP. The Northern UKIP vote in turn collapsed following the EU referendum, with most UKIP voters returning to their former allegiances.
5023:– attracted by low labour costs and a preference for Northern English accents among the public – have replaced heavy industry as major employers of unskilled workers, with more than 5% of workers in all Northern England regions working in one.
4106:, the Northern economy began to be eclipsed by the South – in 1913–1914, unemployment in "outer Britain" (the North, plus Scotland and Wales) was 2.6% while the rate in Southern England was more than double that at 5.5%, but in 1937 during the
5317:
promotes itself as "Yorkshire's national paper" and covers some national and international stories, but is primarily focused on news from Yorkshire and the North East. An attempt in 2016 to create a dedicated North-focused national newspaper,
4217:"), had high-profile conflicts with the national government. The increasing awareness of the North–South divide strengthened the distinct Northern English identity, which, despite regeneration in some of the major cities, remains to this day.
3834:
and kept the counties of Cumberland, Westmorland and Northumbria, as well as part of Lancashire. These reverted to English control in 1157, establishing for the most part the modern England–Scotland border. The region also saw violence during
13774:
13888:
15937:
5031:
Together, the N8 research universities have over 190,000 students and contribute more to the Northern economy in terms of GVA than agriculture, car manufacturing or media. Discoveries and inventions at these universities have resulted in
4725:: the median house price in most Northern cities was below £200,000 in 2015 with typical increases of below 10% over the previous five years. However, some areas have seen house prices fall considerably, putting inhabitants at risk of
17407:
6790:, and this was perceived as a snub to their playing style – the anger united Lancashire and Yorkshire against the South and helped cast a shared Northern identity that transcended the Roses rivalry. This divide was illustrated in the
5051:
Recent decades have seen the growth of high-tech companies based around Northern England's major cities. There are eleven high-tech firms worth over $ 1 billion based in the region, and digital industries support around 300,000 jobs.
3243:, Northern England was buried under ice sheets, and little evidence remains of habitation – either because the climate made the area uninhabitable, or because glaciation destroyed most evidence of human activity. The northernmost
12936:
11852:
12508:
12150:
5611:
The North of England is often stereotypically represented through the clothing worn by working-class men and women in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Working men would wear a heavy jacket and trousers held up by
58:
11951:
6818:
Although Yorkshire and Lancashire were traditionally more relaxed about professionalism than other counties, cricket did not see the same regional schisms on the topic that rugby and football did – there were debates over
16594:
12032:
6810:
on the other hand was quoted as saying "I'm real glad a rose won it. Red or white, it doesn't matter." Durham are a recent addition to top-flight cricket, having only achieved first-class status in 1992, but have won the
5963:
3493:. Bernicia covered lands north of the Tees, Deira corresponded roughly to the eastern half of modern-day Yorkshire, Rheged to Cumbria, and Elmet to the western-half of Yorkshire. Bernicia and Deira were first united as
4857:, Grimsby, Hull and Whitby. At its height, Grimsby was the largest fishing port in the world, but the Northern fishing industry suffered greatly from a series of events in the second half of the twentieth century: the
7859:, a distance of 52 miles (84 km), and a gap of only 7 miles (11 km) separated the North-Western network from the West Yorkshire network. Starting in the 1930s, these were largely replaced by motor buses and
6192:, one of the most divisive. As huge numbers of people moved into recently built cities with little cultural heritage, local sports teams offered the population a sense of place and identity that was otherwise absent.
3994:
while the poor agriculture in the uplands meant that labour in the area was cheap. Mining and milling, which had been practised on a small scale in the area for generations, began to grow and centralise. The boom in
13156:
12446:
16385:
7578:
Transport in the North has been shaped by the Pennines, creating strong north–south axes along each coast and an east–west axis across the moorland passes of the southern Pennines. Northern England is a centre of
3941:
was forced to temporarily cede Northumberland and County Durham to the Scots and pay to keep the Scottish armies there. To raise enough funds and ratify the final peace treaty, Charles had to call what became the
14941:"Commission Regulation (EC) No 952/2007 of 9 August 2007 cancelling a registration of a name in the Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications (Newcastle Brown Ale (PGI))"
6047:, combined with the desire of industrial communities to better themselves, led to the founding of civilian bands. These bands provided entertainment at community events and led protest marches during the era of
12186:
558:. Its southern border is often debated, and there has been controversy in defining what geographies or cultures precisely constitute the 'North of England' — if, indeed, it exists as a coherent entity at all.
16521:
16418:
12127:
5981:
16903:
4777:
saw significant cuts to public services, and the reduction in public sector employment resulted in job losses for around 3% of the Northern England workforce with significant impact on the regional economy.
9051:
6618:(RFU), which enforced amateurism, suspended teams who compensated their players for missed work and injury, leading teams from Lancashire, Yorkshire and surrounding areas to split away in 1895 and form the
15429:
12477:
12036:
12668:
8559:
8148:
had opened, linking the rivers Mersey and Trent and making it possible for boats to travel directly from Liverpool to Hull. Manchester, 40 miles (64 km) inland, was connected to the Irish Sea by the
18676:
15320:
12770:
12283:
17599:
4303:
well or very well. The 5% of the population who have another native language are chiefly speakers of European or South Asian languages. At the 2011 census, the largest languages apart from English were
17328:
9106:
5965:
5785:
14330:
857:(in essence the northern half of the county) is considered by many to be northern, or at least a larger part of Lincolnshire than merely the north and northeast Lincolnshire districts. The geographer
13785:
13036:
7487:, Newcastle, and York in the wake of the Norman Conquest but suffered massacres and pogroms, of which the largest was the York Massacre in 1190. Jews were forcibly banished from England by the 1290
6195:
Many early Northern sports players were working class and needed to miss work to play, with their teams compensating them for lost wages. By contrast, Southern teams, drawing from the traditions of
13880:
11801:
4831:) until 10 December every year. The number of grouse moors in Northern England is a major threat to natural predators, which are often killed by gamekeepers to protect grouse, and as a result, the
15929:
5186:
especially poor in the rural parts of the North, with many small towns and villages completely without high speed access. Some areas have therefore formed their own community enterprises, such as
16560:
11826:
5776:
remain stereotypical Northern English foods in the national imagination. As a result, there is a concerted effort among Northern chefs to improve the region's image. Some Northern dishes such as
4003:
making it easier to wash and work fibres, although the success of Northern fabric mills has no single clear source. Readily available coal and the discovery of large iron deposits in Cumbria and
12637:
10336:
797:, as villages and hamlets there such as Tintwistle, Crowden and Woodhead were formerly in Cheshire before local government boundary changes in 1974, due to their close proximity to the city of
7851:, and by the turn of the century, most Northern towns had an extensive interconnected electric tram network. At the network's height, it was possible to travel entirely by tram from Liverpool
17554:
17415:
9548:
3875:– now the northernmost town in England – changed hands more than a dozen times. The wars also saw thousands of Scots settle south of the border, chiefly in the border counties and Yorkshire.
7100:, all three Northern England regions voted to leave, as did all English regions outside London. The largest Northern Remain vote was 60.4% in Manchester; the largest Leave vote was 69.9% in
18257:
9196:
3114:(1930) portray these largely untouched landscapes as worlds of adventure and transformation where their protagonists can break free of the restrictions of society. Modern poets such as the
15289:
14980:
12088:
4412:. By June 2020, the infection rate in Northern England was nearly double that in London, and a study by the Northern Health Science Alliance found that of the six worst affected areas in
2800:, middle areas that have a crossover between varieties spoken, around the North. Traditional dialectal areas are defined by their historic county or combined historic counties; including
2341:
is similar to the UK average and it sees substantially less rainfall than Scotland or Wales. It is cooler, wetter and cloudier than England as a whole, containing both England's coldest (
14567:
12850:
9940:
8831:
16023:
12500:
12252:
11364:
11225:
8870:
4320:: a similar distribution to that in the whole of England. Redcar and Cleveland has the largest proportion of the population speaking English as a first language in England, with 99.3%.
14094:
13845:
6649:
Rugby union was not entirely driven from Northern England, and in the 1970s the region was home to several strong teams. The high-water mark of rugby union in Northern England was the
4736:
in the United States. To stimulate the Northern economy, the government has organised a series of programmes to invest in and develop the region, of which the latest as of 2017 is the
13449:
10016:
9251:
5655:, which were hardwearing and had replaceable soles and tips. Factory workers tapping their feet in time with the click of machinery developed a type of folk clog dance referred to as
4718:
17520:
14918:
14158:
11746:
3524:, but the northern part of the old Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria remained under Anglo-Saxon control. Under the Vikings, monasteries were largely wiped out, and the discovery of
829:
of Nottinghamshire, although for all other purposes these districts still remain in their respective East Midlands counties. Some parts of northern Derbyshire (including High Peak),
18082:
14268:
12731:
9072:
8950:
7104:. In total, the Leave vote in the Northern England regions was 55.9% – higher than in the Southern England regions and the other Home Nations, but lower than in the Midlands or the
4681:(GVA) of the Northern English economy was £316 billion, and if it were an independent nation, it would be the tenth largest economy in Europe. The region does have poor growth and
16586:
11943:
11459:
6650:
4653:
There is a significant attainment gap between Northern and Southern schools, and pupils in the three regions are less likely than the national average to achieve five higher-tier
3044:("wor cars"). Possessive pronouns are also used to mark the names of relatives in speech (for example, a relative called Joan would be referred to as "our Joan" in conversation).
4276:
had a greater percentage of the population identifying as White British (97.6% each) than any other district in England and Wales, while Manchester (66.5%), Bradford (67.4%) and
18705:
16784:
14005:
12562:
4329:
and 5.1% respectively – while Muslims in the North East made up only 1.8% of the population. All other faiths combined comprised less than 2% of the population in all regions.
17698:
17461:
17156:
14504:
16243:
Williams, Jack (13 September 2013). "'The Really Good Professional Captain Has Never Been Seen!': Perceptions of the Amateur/Professional Divide in County Cricket, 1900–39".
12539:
11395:
15263:
8986:
14392:
7583:
and handles around one third of all British cargo. Both passenger and freight links between Northern cities remain poor, which is a major weakness of the Northern economy.
5551:
and slums were common. The phrase is often used by those who are not from the north of England, who paint the north as being different to the south of England. The current
15618:
13148:
12438:
9861:
8546:
16378:
15737:
15154:
12157:
11043:
9517:
7521:
flourished in Northern England in the nineteenth century, in part as a backlash to the fundamentalist Primitive Methodist movement and in part driven by the influence of
6657:. In the 21st century the region's club sides have become less popular, with association football, cricket and rugby league attracting more spectators and talent. In the
3010:
survive in some Northern English dialects, although these are dying out outside very rural areas, and many dialects have an informal second-person plural pronoun: either
15570:
14828:
8203:
along the west coast, while east coast ports connect to Belgium and the Netherlands, although Northern ports handle only a small percentage of the UK's vehicle traffic.
14293:
13275:
13220:
5506:
and warmheartedness, as compared to the supposedly effete Southerners. Northern England—especially Lancashire, but also Yorkshire and the North East—has a tradition of
19075:
12943:
5964:
16650:
16410:
12119:
7932:
4657:, although this may be down to economic disadvantages faced by Northern pupils rather than a difference in school quality. Northern students are under-represented at
4170:
bombed city outside of London suffered damage to 98% of all buildings, the highest percentage of any town or city. The rebuilding that followed, and the simultaneous
17838:
16892:
13964:
12968:
10979:
9563:
3365:
over to the Empire in 51. Power struggles within the Brigantes made the Romans wary, and they were conquered in a war beginning in the 70s under the governorship of
2892:), are now prevalent only in the more northern parts of the region. As speech has changed, there is little consensus on what defines a "Northern" accent or dialect.
10281:
585:
in the second half of the 20th century damaged the North, leading to greater deprivation than in the South. Although urban renewal projects and the transition to a
18039:
13300:
11686:
7097:
3121:
and Simon Armitage have found inspiration in the Northern countryside, producing works that take advantage of the sounds and rhythms of Northern English dialects.
17191:
15421:
12469:
8063:
Other airports in the North have struggled. Teesside and Humberside both see very little traffic while other airports have closed to commercial flights entirely:
7743:
7187:
was founded in October 2020, a secessionist and democratic socialist political party that seeks to make Northern England an independent nation, under the name of
4811:. Only 32% of Northern farmland is primarily used for growing crops, compared to 49% for England as a whole. Conversely, 57% of the land is given over to rearing
19080:
12762:
12660:
7139:
4111:
4074:. At the same time, hundreds of thousands from depressed rural areas of the North emigrated, chiefly to the US, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.
18685:
15312:
14678:
12275:
9098:
8104:
6439:. Upton Park protested that Preston had broken FA rules by paying their players. In response, Preston withdrew from the competition and fellow Lancashire clubs
3740:
was compiled in 1086, much of Northern England was still recorded as wasteland, although this may have been in part because the chroniclers, more interested in
17592:
5874:
which accentuates the nutty, malty flavours preferred in Northern beers. On the non-alcoholic side, the North – in particular, Lancashire – was the hub of the
4070:
on the continent, and some were migrants originally stranded at Liverpool after attempting to catch an onwards ship to the United States or to colonies of the
3915:
as prominent Catholic families in Cumbria, Lancashire and Yorkshire refused to convert to Protestantism. Royal power over the region was exercised through the
17320:
10231:
10164:
4526:, founded in 1832. The next universities built in the North were part of the wave of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with Durham being joined by five
14940:
14322:
13470:
Wilson, J. F., Webster, A. and Vorberg-Rugh, R. (2013) "Building Co-operation: A business history of The Co-operative Group", Oxford University Press, Oxford
5257:
from closure. The region also has a reputation for drama serials and has produced some the most successful and acclaimed series of recent decades, including
3409:. Although the Romans invaded modern-day Northumberland and part of Scotland beyond it, they never succeeded in conquering the reaches of Britain beyond the
4340:, and other surveys of religion tend to find very different results. The 2015 British Election Survey found 52% of Northerners identified as Christian (22%
18397:
13028:
3996:
16306:
12614:
8221:
1391:
876:, which excludes Cheshire and northern Lincolnshire, though the latter formed the Kingdom of Lindsey, which was periodically under Northumbrian rule. The
16552:
12629:
7723:
in the 1980s and 1990s. Increasing car ownership in the same era caused bus use to decline, although it remains higher than in most areas of the South.
9616:
Hijmans, R.J.; Cameron, S.E.; Parra, J.L.; Jones, P.G.; Jarvis, A. (2005). "Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas".
8235:
7711:
are an important part of the Northern transport mix, with bus ridership above the England and Wales average in all three Northern regions. Many of the
2847:
Linguists have attempted to define a Northern dialect area, some correspond the area north of a line that begins at the Humber estuary and runs up the
2360:
bringing moisture from the Atlantic; this means that the west coast frequently receives strong winds and heavy rainfall while the east coast lies in a
11582:
11194:
10328:
7326:
has been the largest religion in the region since the Early Middle Ages; its existence in Britain dates back to the late Roman era and the arrival of
6460:(FA) by establishing headquarters in Preston – the League retained a Northern identity even after it accepted several Southern teams into its ranks.
3048:
speakers to assert their local identity has led to accents such as Scouse and Geordie becoming more distinctive and spreading into surrounding areas.
2373:
in urban areas was prevalent from the beginning of the Industrial Revolution; sunshine duration has increased in urban areas in recent years with the
565:
innovations began in Northern England, and its cities were the crucibles of many of the political changes that accompanied this social upheaval, from
15849:
12337:
11421:
9008:
5311:) moved to London in 1964, no major national paper is based in the North, and Northern news stories tend to be poorly covered in the national press.
3803:
immigration followed the conquest, which likely populated much of the desolated regions of Cumbria, and which was persistent enough that the town of
3080:
The contrasting geography of Northern England is reflected in its literature. On the one hand, the wild moors and lakes have inspired generations of
18279:
17546:
15961:
13919:
12995:
9592:
5907:
is an integral part of Northern identity, using the number of people per Greggs as an indicator as to whether a town should be considered Northern.
18662:
16814:
16107:
13064:
12006:
7381:
increased its numbers further, especially in North West cities like Liverpool and Manchester. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the area underwent a
7180:, which campaigned for a devolved Northern government with the power to make laws and full control of taxation and spending, was wound up in 2016.
4985:
2930:, although some Lancashire and Northumberland accents remain rhotic. Other features common to many Northern English accents are the absence of the
967:
18247:
16754:
15976:
12904:
11655:
9188:
7808:
has devolved many of its powers to Rail North, an alliance of local authorities from the Scottish Borders down to Staffordshire which manages the
6469:
17006:
15285:
15068:
14976:
12096:
12066:
7615:
6188:
Sport has been both one of the most unifying cultural forces in Northern England and, thanks to local rivalries such as the Lancashire–Yorkshire
6125:. The press frequently frames music stories and reviews in terms of cultural and class differences between North and South, notably in the 1960s
5547:, industrial mills, weather and the way of life in the north of England during the Victorian and post World War I eras, when mills, coal mining,
4368:
Life expectancy at birth for boys in 2012–2014 by local authority district in England and Wales. Lighter colours indicate longer life expectancy.
17624:
15652:
14558:
14032:
13571:
12842:
9986:
9932:
9540:
8094:
in Scotland allows Scottish airports to offer cheaper flights than their English rivals as well as London airports turning Northern airports to
7828:(HS2) line would have connected Manchester and Leeds to Birmingham and London, but cuts to HS2 saw all Northern branches of the line cancelled.
4126:
removed the North's advantages in terms of power generation and meant it was now more economic to build new factories in the Midlands or South.
16012:
12243:
11356:
8839:
6473:
5044:
and the Sir Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, while robotics research at the University of Sheffield led to the development of the
4927:
4722:
13841:
13344:
11217:
11073:
8862:
7911:
5942:
in all major towns. Bradford has won the Federation of Specialist Restaurant's "Curry Capital" title six years in a row as of 2016, while the
5648:, a woollen plaid woven in a pattern of small black and white checks, was also popular in Northern England until the early twentieth century.
5559:, has quoted the north as being grim, but not a bad thing. The phrase was quoted in 1991 when the band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu a.k.a.
14086:
12881:
11164:
10012:
8183:(counted as a single port for statistical purposes) are the busiest in the UK in terms of tonnage, serving 59.1 million tons as of 2015, and
7603:
7162:
6957:
4770:
4714:
3715:
near York marked the beginning of the end of Viking rule in England, and the almost immediate defeat of Godwinson at the hands of the Norman
1737:) despite Leeds being the largest as a sole city. The table below shows the urban areas in the region with a population of at least 250,000.
18157:
15771:
13498:
13441:
13367:
11779:
9243:
3954:
period. By the time war broke out in 1642, King Charles had moved his court to York, and Northern England was to become a major base of the
2260:, is widespread in the Pennines, and the variety of other rock types is reflected in the architecture of the region, such as the bright red
1062:
range sometimes referred to as "the backbone of England" run through most of the area defined as northern England, which stretches from the
738:, often supplemented by Cheshire. The boundary is sometimes drawn without reference to human borders, using geographic features such as the
18308:
18074:
17512:
15227:
14910:
14259:
14150:
13253:
11738:
10726:
4744:. Between 2007 and 2013, EU funds created around 70,000 jobs in the region, and the majority of Northern Powerhouse funding comes from the
3759:
Following Norman subjugation, monasteries returned to the North as missionaries sought to "settle the desert". Monastic orders such as the
590:
12739:
10244:
The dates given in the source are 28,000 14C years ago for the Gravettian and 12,500 to 12,200 14C years ago for the Magdalenian. The 14C
9750:
9303:
8942:
4299:
95% of the Northern population speak English as a first language – compared to an England and Wales average of 92% – and another 4% speak
16837:
15509:
14858:
13941:
9717:
9695:
7824:
from Liverpool to Hull and Newcastle is planned to increase capacity on important Northern routes and decrease travel times. The planned
7607:
5191:
1141:
890:
703:
Northern England (red) as defined along historic county boundaries against the rest of England. Cheshire (purple) is also often included.
17985:
13594:
13189:
12366:
10785:
8547:
https://britishcountyflags.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/the-problem-of-e2809ccounty-confusione2809d-e28093-and-how-to-resolve-it-1.pdf
7642:
in the UK, and today an extensive network connects the major cities of the North. The major north-south motorway routes are the western
3302:– one of the best-preserved finds of the era – were discovered near Hull in 1937. In the more mountainous regions of the Peak District,
19346:
17816:
15540:
13399:
7749:
4957:
4786:
17359:
14881:
11134:
7614:) are located in the North. These coordinate bus services, local trains and light rail in their regions. Following the passage of the
5756:
Impressions of Northern English cuisine are still shaped by the working-class diet of the early twentieth century, which was heavy on
4376:
statistics. All three Northern England statistical regions have lower than average life expectancies and higher than average rates of
2816:(Yorkshire). During the Industrial Revolution urban areas gained some or further distinction from traditional dialects; such as areas
17694:
17260:
16776:
16690:
13997:
11451:
9136:
7396:
As of 2016, the list of places of worship registered for marriage for Northern England included at least 1,960 that are Methodist or
7386:
6831:
games were among the most popular and competitive in the sport, running annually from 1849 until 1900 and intermittently thereafter.
6642:(the highest level of rugby league in the Northern Hemisphere) are from Northern England, with one team from France, and the 14-team
4807:
in poor soil. Today, the mix of cereals and vegetables grown is similar to that of the UK as a whole, but only a minority of land is
1726:
18714:
17453:
17148:
17054:
14496:
13818:
12569:
7797:. Passenger numbers on Northern routes increased over 50% between 2004 and 2016, and Northern England handles over half of total UK
1348:
18811:
17283:
16863:
15253:
14641:
12531:
11387:
9485:
8978:
7897:
5485:
North of the nineteenth century was largely depicted as a dirty, wild and uncultured place, even in sympathetic depictions such as
802:
577:. Centuries of immigration, invasion, and labour have shaped Northern England's culture, and it has retained countless distinctive
18105:
15686:
6806:, while the match with Middlesex was so vicious that the team threatened to never play in Yorkshire again. The Lancashire captain
6263:
5711:
16440:
14205:
14063:
8535:
Sources relating to the historic counties of Cheshire, Cumberland, Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire.
7263:
7077:, many traditionally Labour constituencies in Northern England swung heavily towards the Conservatives, and the collapse of the "
6449:
6403:
5145:
within the UK, with 28.7 million visitors in 2015, but only 8% of international tourists to the United Kingdom visit the region.
4214:
3180:
There are no recognised minority languages in Northern England, although the Northumbrian Language Society campaigns to have the
2240:
is found in thick, plentiful layers across the Pennines and Scottish Borders, and there are many large coalfields, including the
18360:
18319:
16723:
15611:
15145:
11017:
10627:
10190:
9851:
9539:
Stone, P.; Millward, D.; Young, B.; Merritt, J. W.; Clarke, S. M.; McCormac, M.; Lawrence, D. J. D. (2010).
8498:"2011 Census: Population Estimates by five-year age bands, and Household Estimates, for Local Authorities in the United Kingdom"
7875:– popular as a tourist attraction as much as a means of transport – was left as the only public tram system in the UK until the
7081:" of Northern Labour seats was a major factor in the Conservative victory. Historically the region was also a heartland for the
18859:
15745:
9508:
8737:
8212:
8023:
6406:, but the two codes were merged in 1877. Many of the innovations of Sheffield Rules are now part of the global game, including
5138:
4877:
put strict quotas on catches to protect the almost depleted stocks. Grimsby is now transitioning to the processing of imported
4110:
the outer British unemployment rate was 16.1% and the Southern rate was less than half that at 7.1%. The weakening economy and
4107:
4058:
1725:, the list of largest towns and cities may be misleading. For example while Manchester is ranked fourth as a city, the greater
18334:
15566:
14818:
14534:
11255:
8462:
Newcastle Brown Ale formerly had protected status – this was cancelled in 2007 to allow the brewery to move outside Newcastle.
7439:. The unusual situation of having two archbishops at the top of Church hierarchy suggests that Northern England was seen as a
5219:
As part of a drive to reduce media centralisation in London, the BBC and ITV have moved much of their programme production to
4460:
4197:
Deindustrialisation continued and unemployment gradually increased during the 1970s, but accelerated during the government of
3148:
of post-war literature were Northern, and working-class life in the face of deindustrialisation is depicted in novels such as
2788:
The English spoken today in the North has been shaped by the area's history, and some dialects retain features inherited from
19234:
18760:
18651:
18630:
18609:
18588:
18564:
18543:
18522:
18501:
18478:
18457:
18436:
18232:
18207:
17928:
17779:
17754:
17729:
17665:
17390:
17132:
17107:
17082:
17037:
16954:
16673:
16625:
16502:
16477:
16362:
16337:
16281:
16252:
16201:
16168:
15884:
15833:
15805:
15485:
15460:
15211:
15127:
15103:
15011:
14801:
14767:
14739:
14479:
14442:
14181:
13734:
13674:
13649:
13624:
13212:
12702:
11723:
11625:
11558:
11533:
11493:
11339:
11314:
11289:
10954:
10929:
10823:
10757:
10702:
10662:
10611:
10586:
10561:
10533:
10508:
10434:
10397:
10312:
10127:
10072:
10047:
9820:
9783:
9476:
9445:
9417:
9227:
8901:
8802:
8721:
8677:
8153:
in 1894, although the canal never saw the success that was hoped for. The North retains many navigable canals, including the
7567:
6820:
5072:
3532:
rites replaced Christian ones for a time. Viking control of certain areas, particularly around Yorkshire, is recalled in the
224:
14235:
12800:
11981:
11920:
11890:
9273:
9076:
7729:
7532:
18375:
17438:
16642:
10971:
7454:
7450:
7116:
7074:
7008:
5784:
have spread across the UK, and only their names now hint at their origin. Among the Northern delicacies that have achieved
4171:
3509:
and aided by Irish monks. The north-west of England retains vestiges of a Celtic culture, and had its own Celtic language,
2176:
578:
18035:
18013:
17842:
13971:
6051:. Although the style has since spread across much of Great Britain, brass bands remain a stereotype of the North, and the
5125:
The wild landscapes of the North are a major draw for tourists, and many urban areas are looking for regeneration through
2349:). These averages disguise considerable variation across the region, due chiefly to the upland regions and adjacent seas.
13703:
13099:
10273:
8095:
7492:
7115:(UKIP) positioned themselves as the main challenger to Labour in Northern constituencies, and came second in many at the
7054:
3888:
3115:
2241:
1401:
17890:
17484:
13311:
12400:
11678:
6939:
Northern England, as the first area in the world to industrialise, was the birthplace of much modern political thought.
5117:
became popular with Northern working-class tourists in the first half of the twentieth century, and the introduction of
872:
Conversely, more restrictive definitions of Northern England also exist. Some are based on the extent of the historical
19452:
17187:
15712:
13529:
11009:
10366:
8269:
7809:
6126:
4745:
4741:
4631:
4202:
4115:
4087:
4034:
2772:
2184:
16976:
14669:
10894:
10096:
7526:
5993:
4174:
that saw whole neighbourhoods demolished and rebuilt, transformed the faces of Northern cities. Immigration from the "
3338:. Other tribes mentioned in ancient histories, which may have been part of the Brigantes or separate nations, are the
19469:
19188:
18930:
18783:
15909:
14706:
9018:
8118:
7903:
7720:
7496:
7135:
6039:
tradition began in Northern England at around the same time: the dismissal of the Cheshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire
4949:
4221:
3979:
520:
12216:
6028:. These disappeared in the early nineteenth century from the industrialising south of the region, but remain in the
5081:
Northern families, but many from the Midlands and Scotland as well. Other resorts popular with Northerners included
4717:
is one of the wealthiest constituencies in the country, and is the richest outside London and the South East, while
4252:
19545:
14951:
14127:
10227:
7782:
7655:
7595:
7378:
7259:
7147:
6048:
5946:
in Manchester formerly had the largest concentration of curry restaurants in the UK and now offers a wide range of
5461:
5141:
in England outside London, 14 are located in the North. In 2015, Northern England received around a quarter of all
4627:
4571:
1778:
1730:
794:
609:
For government and statistical purposes, Northern England is defined as the area covered by the three northernmost
15398:
15035:
8032:
In total, there are six international airports in the North; these are (in descending order of passenger traffic)
5664:
In the second half of the twentieth century, these traditional clothes fell out of fashion. Other styles such as "
3851:, although the modern-day conception of the war as a conflict between Lancashire and Yorkshire is anachronistic –
993:. Various cities and towns have been described as or promoted themselves as the "gateway to the North", including
19070:
18854:
18131:
15950:
Since this article, which quotes 116 league titles, there have been nine more titles, six won by a Northern team.
15342:
Gregory, D. (2006). ""The Songs of the People for Me": The Victorian Rediscovery of Lancashire Vernacular Song".
14393:"Theorising northernness and northern culture: the north of England, northern Englishness, and sympathetic magic"
8124:
8037:
7840:
7774:
7397:
6575:
6464:
5793:
5491:
5165:
2911:
16928:
The English Recusants: A Study of the Post-Reformation Catholic Survival and the Operation of the Recusancy Laws
7053:– although the Conservatives hold some rural seats, they traditionally held almost no urban seats and as of the
7041:
membership in Northern England remained higher than in Southern England, although it is lower than in the other
6924:
4186:, starting in the 1950s reshaped Northern England once more, and there are now significant populations from the
19435:
18920:
16298:
15313:"'The Curry Mile stood still when the rest of the world kept moving' – can it be returned to its former glory?"
12606:
9386:
8068:
6763:
6720:
6535:
6527:
6196:
6008:
in Northern England is a combination of styles of England and Scotland – what is now called the Anglo-Scottish
5354:
4756:, combined with potential reductions in exports to the EU, has been identified as a threat to Northern growth.
3768:
3081:
1276:
842:
626:
8098:, forcing connecting passengers to travel via London or continental European airports for major destinations.
6519:
have had more inconsistent runs in recent years, regularly being promoted and relegated from the top flight.
19616:
18884:
17865:
9742:
8110:
8041:
7587:
7049:
struggled to gain support in the area. Today, Northern England is generally described as a stronghold of the
6795:
6767:
6658:
4903:
4123:
2334:
2324:
1844:
17:
8191:
are also among the country's largest – in total, 35% of British freight was shipped through Northern ports.
7358:, a monk of Lindisfarne, was venerated from Nottinghamshire to Cumberland, and is today sometimes named the
6012:
was once prevalent as far south as Lancashire. In the Middle Ages, much of Northern folk was accompanied by
4769:
England with 20.2% of the workforce in the public sector as of 2016 – down from 23.4% a decade earlier. The
3128:. Elizabeth Gaskell was the first in a lineage of female realist writers from the North that later included
1005:. For some in the northernmost reaches of England, the North starts somewhere in North Yorkshire around the
19476:
19390:
18879:
18804:
15853:
11574:
11186:
7917:
7868:
6207:
and the Southern-dominated governing bodies forbade payments to players. This tension shaped the sports of
4491:
4429:
4413:
4356:, and 2% other Christian denominations), 40% as non-religious, 5% as Muslim, 1% as Hindu and 1% as Jewish.
4333:
4300:
3466:
3073:
1820:
1734:
1149:
869:
in his definition of the North, claiming that "ideas of a midlands region add more confusion than light".
723:
437:
17960:
13911:
11425:
2841:
19626:
19535:
19490:
19351:
18869:
18864:
18844:
17321:"Inside the historic Manchester synagogue to be demolished in Gary Neville's luxury hotel and shops plan"
8072:
7785:, the first modern main line. Today the region retains many of its original railway lines, including the
7504:
7500:
7184:
7158:
7078:
6724:
6694:
6643:
5552:
5045:
5041:
4899:
4698:
4639:
4481:
4054:
3723:
was in turn the overthrow of the Anglo-Saxon order. The Northumbrian and Danish aristocracy resisted the
3502:
3406:
1808:
1101:
carved deep, craggy valleys in the central uplands, and, when they melted, deposited large quantities of
16806:
15117:
13072:
9357:
9335:
6910:
6483:, of the 125 top-flight league titles since 1888, 85 (68%) have been won by teams based north of Crewe.
6317:
6168:
5439:
3767:
in North Yorkshire became the largest and richest of the Northern abbeys, and would remain so until the
19530:
19498:
19361:
19301:
19183:
19178:
17002:
16746:
15058:
11647:
8169:
7847:). Trams turned out to be especially well suited for Northern cities, with their growing working-class
7551:
6799:
6759:
6480:
6476:
between neighbouring teams mean that there is less of a North–South rivalry than in some other sports.
6309:
6251:
6247:
5854:
While a variety of beers are popular across Northern England, the region is especially associated with
4815:, and 33% of England's cattle, 43% of its pigs and 46% of its sheep and lambs are reared in the North.
4706:
4689:
4607:
4466:
4261:
4050:
4049:, and many settled in the industrial cities of the North, especially Manchester and Liverpool – at the
3927:
3398:
3366:
3335:
3162:
2273:
1856:
1852:
755:
516:
12058:
10013:"London? Scotland? No, it's the North that has given the most to art, literature, language and comedy"
5249:
in Liverpool but set in Chester) and these are important to the local TV industry – the commitment to
19611:
19606:
19341:
19193:
17631:
17451:
The exact count is 591, but Naqshbandi estimates that around 20% of mosques in his list are defunct.
14028:
13563:
12843:"Mapped: Where in the UK receives most EU funding and how does this compare with the rest of Europe?"
12823:
11827:"Population and household estimates, England and Wales: Census 2021 – Office for National Statistics"
10458:
9978:
8426:
UK and Irish identities include British, Cornish, English, Irish, Northern Irish, Scottish and Welsh.
8241:
8227:
8204:
7245:
7134:
and other riots in Northern towns. In 2006, 40% of BNP voters lived in Northern England and both BNP
6916:
5971:
5863:
5527:
5329:
5283:
4842:
4635:
4623:
4082:
3712:
3354:
2249:
2136:
2132:
1878:
1824:
1169:
1022:
122:
17230:
13336:
6522:
Northern England is also the birthplace of the largest proportion the country's top players – as of
5206:
almost universal in cities but unavailable in large parts of Yorkshire, the North East and Cumbria.
3124:
Meanwhile, the industrialising and urbanising cities of the North gave rise to many masterpieces of
1043:
19430:
19336:
19306:
19251:
19203:
16269:
16099:
11065:
9611:
7821:
7663:
7525:
socialism. There remain 220 Spiritualist churches registered in the North, of which 40 identify as
7436:
6864:
6791:
6130:
5867:
5503:
5348:
in the North West. In general national readership in the North drags behind that of the South; the
5324:
5277:
5265:
5259:
5094:
4749:
4643:
4615:
4543:
4506:
4475:
4450:
4201:, who chose not to encourage growth in the North if it risked growth in the South. The era saw the
3630:
3556:
3093:
2793:
2783:
2276:
sandstone. These sandstones also mean that apart from the east coast, most of Northern England has
2118:
1836:
1816:
1591:
1208:) to create multiple urban areas. Inland needs of trade and industry produced an almost continuous
1152:– are located partly or entirely in the North. The Lake District includes England's highest peak,
642:
622:
551:
512:
244:
189:
18166:
13489:
13376:
12873:
11770:
11156:
8453:
Rochdale, Burnley, Bolton, Blackburn, Hull, Grimsby, Middlesbrough, Bradford, Blackpool and Wigan.
4721:, just on the other side of the city, is one of the most deprived. Housing in Northern England is
3950:. In 1641, the Long Parliament abolished the Council of the North for perceived abuses during the
19442:
19316:
18915:
18797:
15767:
15095:
8259:
8175:
Many Northern coastal towns were built on trade, and retain large sea ports. The Humber ports of
7805:
7659:
7619:
7518:
7462:
7276:
7101:
7062:
7046:
6870:
6783:
6547:
6453:
6255:
6243:
6091:
6025:
5361:
5187:
5169:
4911:
4895:
4874:
4866:
4732:
The decline of coal mining and manufacturing in Northern England has led to comparisons with the
4647:
4567:
4551:
4539:
4241:
4237:
4233:
3947:
3823:
3150:
2771:
across England. All of Northern England, as well as part of the Midlands, is included inside the
1936:
1908:
1168:
areas in Europe, and to combat this the government plans to plant over 50 million trees in a new
806:
682:
18304:
18199:
18193:
13245:
11715:
11709:
10718:
9468:
9462:
7495:
in the seventeenth century, and the first synagogue in the North appeared in Liverpool in 1753.
6299:
3092:
are perhaps the most famous examples of writing inspired by these elemental forces. Classics of
19459:
19371:
19241:
19106:
19101:
17489:
14850:
14731:
14725:
8767:
8331:
on the northern edge of London, which is used to define the North only in London-centric jokes.
8145:
8045:
7671:
7477:
7401:
7166:
7127:
7086:
7070:
7066:
7058:
6967:
6492:
6432:
6424:
5951:
5532:
4832:
4824:
4591:
4512:
4042:
3959:
3904:
3836:
3831:
3181:
2809:
2280:, and this has influenced not just industry, but even the blends of tea enjoyed in the region.
1964:
1932:
1252:
862:
754:
is occasionally included in broad geographical definitions of "the North" (for example, by the
15501:
14323:"Regional daily ABCs: North and Midlands titles hit hardest as print sales in overall decline"
13933:
11853:"Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales"
9709:
9687:
9189:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 1: Medieval failure and the "urban desert""
7511:
in the United Kingdom outside London. Traditionally, there is also a large Jewish presence in
5741:
4444:
19508:
19503:
19447:
19256:
18252:
15228:"We've figured out exactly where the North is by plotting every single Greggs store on a map"
13724:
13182:
11021:
10777:
8150:
8141:
7712:
7677:
Older streets in the north are called gates with a number of terms for small streets such as
7536:
7484:
7458:
7446:
7347:
7343:
7112:
7034:
6972:
6775:
6619:
6512:
6504:
6052:
5931:
5883:
5592:
5333:
5289:
4853:
Sea fishing is an important industry for Northern coastal towns. Major fishing ports include
4619:
4599:
4595:
4575:
4555:
4497:
4277:
4210:
3987:
3855:
recruited from across Northern England, including Yorkshire, even requiring mercenaries from
3728:
3716:
3688:
3660:
3168:
2068:
1256:
1244:
877:
850:
822:
810:
790:
570:
562:
543:
219:
17351:
15532:
13403:
7003:
6355:
3330:
Roman histories name the Celtic tribe that occupied the majority of Northern England as the
3228:
1275:. At the 2011 census, 86% of the Northern population lived in urban areas as defined by the
1180:
19621:
19464:
19418:
19321:
19246:
19173:
19156:
19132:
16189:
16074:
13003:
11126:
10860:
9659:
9625:
8402:
8172:, which carries over 2 million tons of oil, sand and gravel per year, is a rare exception.
7888:
7876:
7813:
7790:
7786:
7623:
7611:
7413:
7366:
saw Northumbria break from Celtic Christianity and return to the Roman Catholic church, as
7335:
7215:
6732:
6615:
6496:
6457:
6327:
6305:
6208:
6161:
6029:
5935:
5927:
5676:
5584:
5445:
4997:
4965:
4919:
4869:
ended British access to rich North Atlantic fishing grounds, while the North Sea was badly
4603:
4587:
4563:
4547:
4527:
4523:
4522:
Before the 19th century, there were no universities in Northern England. The first was the
4317:
4273:
3938:
3916:
3892:
3110:
3098:
2865:
2245:
2038:
1980:
1946:
1059:
1038:
405:
17547:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 2: Cottage industries and market towns"
17252:
12187:"Life Expectancy at Birth and at Age 65 by Local Areas in England and Wales: 2012 to 2014"
10305:
An Archaeological History of Britain: Continuity and Change from Prehistory to the Present
9128:
8367:
The Met Office climate region "England N" is defined as the whole of England north of the
7816:
franchises that operate many routes in Northern England. Meanwhile, new build such as the
6751:
Cricket has a strong following in Northern England, and three counties are represented by
6622:(RFL). Over time, the RFU and RFL adopted different rules and the two forms of the game –
4930:
cluster of chemical works based around Teesside, and the nuclear processing facilities at
2868:, although the linguistic elements that defined this area in the past, such as the use of
2337:
in the uplands. Averaged across the entire region, Northern England temperature range and
8:
19425:
19378:
19217:
19168:
18996:
18991:
18900:
13810:
12732:"Uniquely, Sheffield's dividing line runs directly through the city like the Berlin Wall"
12308:
9856:
8368:
7884:
7794:
7351:
7327:
7200:
7131:
6886:
6840:
6824:
6812:
6752:
6635:
6581:
6531:
6267:
5947:
5939:
5859:
5747:
5665:
5425:
5379:
5033:
4953:
4945:
4737:
4583:
4579:
4535:
4435:
4385:
4381:
4293:
4206:
4191:
4187:
3908:
3896:
3884:
3868:
3848:
3537:
3323:
3264:
3256:
3185:
3056:
2797:
2220:
2216:
2208:
2008:
1552:
1325:
1312:
1197:
1047:
727:
535:
531:
416:
391:
285:
16587:"Nigel Farage: Ukip will wipe out Labour in the north – just as the SNP did in Scotland"
11802:"Population and household estimates, England and Wales – Office for National Statistics"
11218:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 3: The industrial revolution arrives"
10864:
9629:
9493:
8519:
5153:
4980:
Regeneration has seen Leeds become the second largest financial and legal hub in the UK.
4688:
Growth, employment and household income have lagged behind the South, and the five most
3235:, from the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age, is the tallest megalith in Great Britain.
19571:
19413:
19270:
19229:
19198:
19137:
19016:
18948:
18849:
18829:
18490:
17204:
Not all places of worship are registered, and some defunct churches remain on the list.
17070:
15370:
14415:
14197:
14055:
13121:
11332:
Faith, Fraternity and Fighting: The Orange Order and Irish Migrants in Northern England
10876:
10812:
10245:
9641:
9052:"Geoarchaeology in Northern England I. The Landscape and Geography of Northern England"
8560:"Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland"
8162:
8158:
8091:
8053:
8033:
7735:
7488:
7432:
7409:
7272:
7082:
6900:
6779:
6742:
6508:
6427:, a team composed mainly of factory workers, became the first Northern team to win the
6415:
6375:
6036:
6017:
5915:
5805:
5789:
5568:
5516:
5431:
5313:
5126:
5016:
5012:
5001:
4611:
4559:
4409:
4345:
3872:
3852:
3720:
3600:
3370:
3343:
3295:
3287:
3255:
inhabitation 50 to 60 thousand years ago, and of a more modern occupation known as the
3212:
3199:
3141:
3085:
3069:
3029:
2821:
2805:
2374:
2194:
2172:
2158:
2148:
1972:
1709:
1675:
1641:
1625:
1586:
1573:
1489:
1248:
1193:
1187:
in the southern Pennines and north east coast is clearly visible in night-time imagery.
826:
678:
646:
618:
614:
610:
598:
594:
582:
573:. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the economy of the North was dominated by
508:
504:
500:
480:
290:
214:
150:
118:
114:
12276:"Durham University: Last of the Ancient Universities and First of the New (1831–1871)"
8943:""There is no such thing as the North": why devolution must be to the region's cities"
4964:
is especially prevalent across Northern England, although plans to extract it through
4209:
councils, which were Labour strongholds often with very left-wing leadership (such as
4057:
were Irish-born, and in Liverpool the figure was 22%. In response there was a wave of
3318:
19383:
19116:
19111:
19011:
18963:
18756:
18647:
18626:
18605:
18584:
18560:
18539:
18518:
18497:
18474:
18453:
18432:
18356:
18315:
18228:
18203:
17924:
17775:
17750:
17725:
17661:
17386:
17128:
17103:
17078:
17033:
16715:
16669:
16621:
16498:
16473:
16358:
16333:
16277:
16248:
16197:
16164:
16000:, which is part of the Sheffield City Region but is located in North East Derbyshire.
15905:
15880:
15829:
15801:
15481:
15456:
15207:
15123:
15099:
15007:
14797:
14763:
14735:
14475:
14438:
14419:
14177:
13730:
13670:
13645:
13620:
12698:
11719:
11621:
11554:
11529:
11489:
11335:
11310:
11285:
10950:
10925:
10851:
Donkin, R. A. (1969). "The Cistercian Order and the Settlement of Northern England".
10819:
10753:
10698:
10658:
10631:
10607:
10582:
10557:
10529:
10504:
10430:
10393:
10308:
10123:
10068:
10043:
9816:
9779:
9773:
9472:
9441:
9413:
9223:
9014:
8897:
8798:
8717:
8188:
8180:
8064:
7953:
7872:
7864:
7778:
7770:
7766:
7580:
7547:
7424:
7382:
7224:
7050:
6997:
6803:
6674:
6670:
6666:
6567:
6530:, compared to 266 Midlanders and 367 Southerners, and 15 of the 23 man squad for the
6516:
6421:
6385:
6323:
6271:
6181:
6153:
6021:
5781:
5777:
5717:
5672:
5495:—but became an affirmation of what Northerners saw as their own personal strengths.
5486:
5389:
5233:
5057:
5004:
has the highest revenue of any firm in the North West. The area is also home to many
4941:
4678:
4401:
4229:
4198:
4020:
3844:
3827:
3501:, a king of Bernicia who conquered Deira around the year 604. Northumbria then saw a
3402:
3260:
3133:
3104:
2813:
2695:
2338:
2140:
1868:
1840:
1260:
1118:
814:
709:
697:
483:
14589:
14526:
6557:
5693:
5181:
the average speed was only 6.2 Mbit/s. Hull, which is unique in the UK in that
4820:
4288:
3747:
953:
19580:
19520:
19405:
19326:
19096:
18326:
14782:
Moffat, A. (2015). Scotland: A history from the earliest times. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
14407:
11247:
11001:
10868:
10454:
10186:
9645:
9633:
9564:"Transport minister visits Winsford rock salt mine in preparation for Winter chill"
8832:"Big Issue: Alastair Campbell asks is Stoke-on-Trent in the Midlands or the North?"
8294:
8192:
8076:
8049:
7967:
7693:. York goes as far as to merge the latter two terms with alleyway to form the term
7591:
7555:
7428:
7377:
After the English Reformation Northern England became a centre of Catholicism, and
7173:
6952:
6856:
6704:
6678:
6585:
6444:
6381:
5919:
5801:
5797:
5455:
5195:
5142:
5134:
5130:
5098:
5053:
4923:
4890:
4828:
4819:
important role not just in agriculture but also in land management more generally.
4674:
4405:
4337:
4313:
4175:
4154:
4134:
4103:
4008:
3931:
3840:
3708:
3666:
3606:
3510:
3322:
Hadrian's Wall, one of the most famous Roman remains in Northern England, is now a
3232:
3195:
3137:
2987:
2954:
2931:
2923:
2801:
2353:
2296:
2100:
1240:
1213:
1079:
854:
818:
539:
16950:
14615:
14411:
8685:
8392:
of Scotland, was even further north, but Roman control over this area was limited.
7674:
between York and Chester. The A59, A66 and A69 are also major east-west A-roads.
7515:. In total, there are 84 synagogues in Northern England registered for marriages.
6337:
6149:
5019:
have taken root in Northern England, with major hubs around Leeds and Manchester.
3089:
2922:. On the opposite border, most Northern English accents can be distinguished from
19513:
19311:
19001:
18953:
18874:
18641:
18620:
18599:
18578:
18554:
18533:
18512:
18468:
18447:
16932:
16898:
16018:
15118:
The International Culinary Schools at The Art Institutes, Joseph LaVilla (2009).
14227:
12792:
11973:
11912:
11882:
9310:
9281:
8309:
8176:
8084:
8080:
7635:
7363:
7169:
7105:
6850:
6436:
6399:
6347:
6279:
6275:
6259:
6212:
6044:
5812:
5733:
5669:
5417:
5373:
5158:
5118:
5090:
5005:
4915:
4791:
4726:
4373:
4305:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4099:
4004:
3943:
3935:
3920:
3776:
3764:
3752:
3724:
3704:
3291:
3189:
3145:
3129:
2896:
2346:
2330:
1471:
1455:
1437:
1338:
1145:
778:
666:
662:
586:
229:
193:
185:
18367:
17430:
16045:
15638:
The British at Play – a social history of British sport from 1600 to the present
12421:
7235:
19585:
19366:
19356:
18958:
18574:
16129:
15930:"Why are there fewer and fewer Premier League teams from the North of England?"
13725:
Housing, Planning, Local Government and the Regions Committee (18 April 2006).
13095:
9588:
8279:
7844:
7762:
7651:
7417:
7355:
7285:
7177:
7120:
6971:. Meanwhile, enterprise and trade at the North's ports influenced the birth of
6930:
6755:
6601:
6595:
6500:
6488:
6395:
6236:
6216:
6204:
6110:
6087:
5875:
5816:
5699:
5652:
5367:
5359:
seven daily Northern papers had circulation figures above 25,000 in June 2016:
4907:
4670:
4349:
4071:
3808:
3800:
3772:
3763:
became significant players in the economy of Northern England – the Cistercian
3732:
3694:
3636:
3620:
3614:
3470:
3248:
3125:
2910:
to distinguish them from Southern ones is the Northern use of the short a (the
2277:
2253:
2144:
1523:
1505:
1366:
1106:
1102:
1010:
998:
911:
881:
834:
786:
763:
674:
658:
574:
566:
487:
473:
457:
239:
197:
171:
84:
18601:
The British Palaeolithic: Human Societies at the Edge of the Pleistocene World
13842:"Ten ways Manchester is set to become one of the world's top "digital cities""
13691:
12902:
12824:"In England's forgotten "rust belt", voters show little sign of Brexit regret"
12392:
10388:
Kitchen, Willy (2002). "Tenure and Territoriality in the British Bronze Age".
9382:
8349:
Named "Hull" and "Newcastle" respectively throughout the rest of this article.
7662:
with the M1 using an alternative route and the A1 (M) is the upgraded A1. The
6122:
5469:
19600:
19286:
19142:
19049:
19044:
18986:
18905:
16868:
16218:
15063:
15004:
Cheese and Culture: A History of Cheese and its Place in Western Civilization
13521:
12630:"Haves and have-nots: England's most and least deprived places – in pictures"
11388:"Ciao, pet: A history of Italian immigration to Newcastle and the North East"
11277:
9512:
9304:"2011 Census Analysis – Comparing Rural and Urban Areas of England and Wales"
9244:"Is the Liverpool-Manchester-Leeds-Sheffield corridor a single urban region?"
8435:
Within Wales, native Welsh speakers are counted with native English speakers.
8385:
8299:
8284:
8254:
8168:, although they are now used mostly for pleasure rather than transport – the
8154:
7860:
7622:
became a statutory body in 2018 with powers to coordinate services and offer
6977:
6962:
6948:
6828:
6738:
6283:
6232:
6189:
6106:
6099:
6071:
6059:
6040:
6009:
5844:
5836:
5828:
5820:
5761:
5475:
5254:
4774:
4765:
4710:
4669:
Like the UK as a whole, the Northern English economy is now dominated by the
4531:
4309:
3951:
3864:
3737:
3650:
3529:
3394:
3299:
3184:
recognised as a separate language. It is possible that traces of now-extinct
3065:
2574:
2304:
2224:
2096:
2016:
1693:
1607:
1557:
1432:
1272:
1201:
1165:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1018:
866:
858:
838:
782:
670:
638:
527:
490:
449:
176:
145:
63:
The three current Northern England statistical regions combined shown within
33:
18223:
Willan, Thomas Stuart (1977), Chaloner, W. H.; Ratcliffe, Barrie M. (eds.),
16936:
14646:
FocusEconomics | Economic Forecasts from the World's Leading Economists
14151:"The London newspaper bias: half of "national" news is about the south east"
12120:"Life expectancy increases to 81 years old – but north-south divide remains"
12089:"Version 2.2. 2015 Face-to-face Post-election Survey (with vote validation)"
10358:
7981:
7161:
for the three Northern regions were abandoned after the government lost the
6479:
Many of the powerhouses of English football came from the North – as of the
4996:– are based in the North. Northern England was the birthplace of the modern
4129:
The industrial concentration in Northern England made it a major target for
19540:
19395:
19021:
19006:
18981:
18973:
16980:
16926:
16582:
16445:
15027:
13998:"Happy Valley producer: Gritty north? "I get very cross about that phrase""
11005:
10898:
10329:"Return to Star Carr: Discovering the true size of a Mesolithic settlement"
10088:
10008:
8389:
8304:
8289:
8208:
8137:
7825:
7817:
7798:
7667:
7599:
7359:
7323:
7241:
7042:
6787:
6786:, which controlled the game at the time, selected few Northern players for
6653:
during which the English Northern Division was the only team to defeat the
6639:
6631:
6627:
6484:
6440:
6361:
6343:
6220:
6177:
6134:
5657:
5645:
5556:
5548:
5411:
5344:
5303:
5271:
4984:
Around 10% of the Northern England workforce is employed in retail. Of the
4931:
4682:
4225:
4142:
4119:
4062:
3818:, Scotland invaded Northern England and took much of the land north of the
3796:
3792:
3784:
3780:
3516:
Parts of the north and east of England were subject to Danish control (the
3440:
3386:
3382:
3350:
3012:
2961:
2848:
1900:
1500:
1243:
in 2006 found that 90% of the population of the North lived in and around:
1209:
1184:
1153:
1136:
Scafell Pike, England's highest peak, alongside Wastwater, its deepest lake
1114:
1110:
990:
774:
759:
739:
686:
160:
17383:
The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850–1914
16747:"Meet The Political Party That Wants Yorkshire To Have Its Own Parliament"
15177:
10501:
The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193–337
7670:(over the south Pennines) is the major east-west motorway, it follows the
7089:
benefited from Conservative unpopularity by positioning themselves as the
6630:– diverged. Rugby league's stronghold remains Northern England along the "
6282:, the UK's biggest mass-participation sporting event and the most popular
4280:(69.1%) had among the lowest proportions of White British outside London.
395:
19296:
19039:
19031:
18225:
Trade and Transport: Essays in Economic History in Honour of T. S. Willan
16553:"After Brexit, Red Ukip prepares to take on Labour's northern heartlands"
15993:
13213:"North East exports top £12bn, giving region consistent balance of trade"
12661:"Ten of top 12 most declining UK cities are in north of England – report"
9159:
8410:
8340:
Part of the Peak District is located in the Midlands statistical regions.
8274:
8196:
7694:
7647:
7643:
7473:
7441:
7331:
7188:
7109:
7038:
6985:
6771:
6662:
6623:
6407:
6365:
6239:, although these are now far more popular in stereotype than in reality.
6138:
6095:
6067:
5651:
If not wearing leather lace-up shoes, some men and women would have worn
5636:
on top as protection from dirt; in colder months they would often wear a
5563:
used it in relation to a lot of places in the north of England including
5544:
5220:
5106:
5086:
5020:
4870:
4836:
4808:
4256:
Population centres in Northern England as part of their historic counties
4150:
4012:
3991:
3815:
3788:
3760:
3741:
3680:
3547:
3525:
3506:
3498:
3494:
3431:
3307:
3268:
3252:
2862:
2361:
2308:
2064:
1722:
1268:
1144:, five – the Peak District, the Lake District, the North York Moors, the
1094:
982:
978:
897:
873:
751:
747:
731:
476:
461:
234:
18556:
The North-south Divide: The Origins of Northern Consciousness in England
18492:
The Iron Age in Northern Britain: Celts and Romans, Natives and Invaders
16666:
Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain
14119:
13642:
Lancashire's Seaside Piers: Also Featuring the Piers of the River Mersey
11452:"North British Migration: From the Irish Sea to the Allegheny Mountains"
10526:
Philip Perry's Sketch of the Ancient British History: A Critical Edition
7995:
7939:
7705:; pitched paving is a common in-between type of paving most often used.
7253:
6894:
6714:
4948:, are significant components in Northern England's energy mix. Although
3251:
in northern Derbyshire, near modern-day Sheffield, which shows signs of
19552:
19291:
18132:"Boom left Britain with pointless regional airports, says flight chief"
17454:"Number of Registered Places of Worship (England and Wales), 1999–2009"
17149:"Number of Registered Places of Worship (England and Wales), 1999–2009"
15877:
The Leaguers: The Making of Professional Football in England, 1900–1939
15451:
Tomaney, John (2010). "'Madchester': "Northernness" and mass culture".
15422:"The real northern powerhouses: the brass bands that moved me to tears"
15392:
15374:
13149:"How the Cod War of 40 years ago left a Yorkshire community devastated"
11771:"Northern England cities' promise attracts wave of property investment"
11618:
Anti-Oppressive Social Work: A Guide for Developing Cultural Competence
11095:
Pollen, John Hungerford (1920). "Chapter IV: The Rising of the North".
8165:
7880:
7836:
7334:
played an essential role in the Christianisation of Northumbria, after
7155:
7151:
6981:
6880:
6807:
6700:
6654:
6605:
6456:
was founded in 1888, and marked its independence from the London-based
6224:
6173:
6157:
6102:
6086:
scene. Across the Pennines, Sheffield is the birthplace of influential
6079:
6063:
6005:
5943:
5879:
5848:
5769:
5703:
5613:
5576:
5572:
5507:
5338:
5228:
5182:
5178:
4935:
4183:
4146:
4000:
3900:
3895:
in Cumberland and Westmorland, and largest of all, the Yorkshire-based
3867:
drew most of their power from Southern England, Wales and Ireland. The
3819:
3674:
3551:
3521:
3474:
3410:
3275:
3156:
3118:
3022:(common in areas with historical Irish communities). Many dialects use
2927:
2907:
2857:
2852:
2357:
2342:
2104:
2072:
1984:
1828:
1792:
1688:
1654:
1539:
1484:
1421:
1406:
1382:
1264:
1225:
1205:
1157:
1063:
1006:
830:
798:
770:
715:
Close-up labelled map of Northern England and its traditional counties.
654:
650:
453:
445:
366:
355:
305:
300:
280:
166:
155:
17625:"Breaking down barriers to better local transport in the city regions"
16893:"An independent north? What an England severed in two might look like"
15394:
The evolution of the brass band and its repertoire in Northern England
13934:"Why Hull has cream phone boxes (and why it's relevant to tech today)"
13029:"Structure of the agricultural industry in England and the UK at June"
12501:"HI00 Regional labour market: Headline LFS indicators for all regions"
12217:"Northern England hit harder by COVID-19 and effects will last longer"
10880:
10655:
Imagining Medieval English: Language Structures and Theories, 500–1500
8863:"What could the Great Exhibition of the North look like in Sheffield?"
8626:
8009:
5760:, high in calories and often not particularly healthy. Dishes such as
5011:
With urban regeneration, high-value service sector industries such as
4114:
caused several episodes of social unrest in the region, including the
4090:, formerly an industrial building, is a symbol of the regeneration of
4026:
19054:
18925:
15997:
14670:"It may be grim up North, but that's no reason to lock everyone down"
14559:"Andy Burnham's right – it's grim Up North – but that's no bad thing"
9637:
9099:"9 of Northern England's most awe-inspiring national parks and AONBs"
8414:
7852:
7512:
7390:
7124:
6993:
6944:
6523:
6398:, founded in 1857. Early Northern football teams tended to adopt the
6118:
5923:
5910:
Immigration to Northern England has shaped its cuisine. The Teesside
5871:
5855:
5641:
5580:
5511:
5245:
5239:
5224:
5082:
5061:
4993:
4976:
4961:
4854:
4812:
4733:
4702:
4393:
4353:
4269:
4138:
4130:
4091:
4046:
4030:
3912:
3843:
invaded and raided the whole of Northern England. There was also the
3533:
3362:
3331:
3279:
3061:
2950:
2789:
2300:
2288:
2269:
2261:
2257:
2056:
2052:
2020:
2012:
1960:
1924:
1904:
1832:
1804:
1602:
1568:
1534:
1450:
1416:
1396:
1377:
1353:
1233:
1221:
1217:
1192:
east coast, trade fuelled the growth of major ports and settlements (
1161:
1090:
1083:
1002:
986:
939:
735:
555:
547:
465:
386:
310:
275:
270:
181:
16691:"The Tories Have Had A Truly Terrible Night In The North Of England"
15977:"Why are so many of England's World Cup footballers from Yorkshire?"
13667:
The Forging of the Modern State: Early Industrial Britain, 1783–1870
9218:
McCord, Norman (1998). "North East England". In Edward Royle (ed.).
7420:, as well as many hundreds of churches from smaller denominations.
7279:(Roman Catholic), the highest-ranking church officials in the North.
3644:
3306:
were the main Bronze Age settlement and the locals were most likely
3018:
845:
with Lincolnshire and small parts of Nottinghamshire and north west
821:
districts have joined with districts of South Yorkshire to form the
766:), although it is politically and culturally distinct from England.
32:"The North, United Kingdom" redirects here. Not to be confused with
18789:
15286:"Bradford crowned Curry Capital of Britain for sixth year in a row"
15120:
The Wine, Beer, and Spirits Handbook: A Guide to Styles and Service
14087:"At last, television has lifted its gaze from London and the south"
10872:
8471:
Anglican churches are not required to register and are not counted.
8372:
8264:
8184:
7856:
7639:
7559:
7367:
7339:
7090:
6646:
below it has 12 Northern teams, one London team and 1 French team.
6411:
6200:
6114:
6013:
5870:'s Nut Brown Ale. Beer in the North is usually served with a thick
5773:
5617:
5564:
5037:
4858:
4658:
4372:
One major manifestation of the North–South divide is in health and
4341:
4179:
4037:
former World Heritage Site, greeted migrants from around the world.
4016:
3975:
3955:
3856:
3804:
3565:
3561:
3478:
3390:
3374:
3339:
3303:
3271:, and was inhabited some time between 13,400 and 12,800 years ago.
3244:
3204:
2998:
2978:, although it is often not pronounced as a /t/ sound) or its total
2825:
2775:
2763:
2366:
2284:
2082:
2060:
2024:
1994:
1916:
1912:
1896:
1864:
1800:
1733:) is the largest in the region and larger than Leeds's urban area (
1659:
1636:
1518:
1055:
726:
boundaries, in which case the North is generally taken to comprise
630:
589:
have resulted in strong economic growth in parts of the North, the
469:
441:
135:
17793:
17791:
17408:"Liverpool City Council's plans to restore Britain's first mosque"
11551:
Regional Development in the 1990s: The British Isles in Transition
9309:. Office for National Statistics. 22 November 2013. Archived from
8075:
in 2022. Many of these airports were developed during the boom in
7715:
were located in Northern England creating intense competition and
7554:
in 1889. Today, there are around 500 mosques in Northern England.
7289:
Percentage of registered Catholics in the population in 1715–1720.
5727:
5227:
has moved its headquarters to Leeds. Of the four national evening
4205:, which brought hardship for many Northern mining towns. Northern
4102:
was the turning point for the economy of Northern England. In the
3570:
3373:" (Lower Britain) in the North, and it was ruled from the city of
3040:
18910:
18820:
16194:
We Danced All Night: A Social History of Britain Between the Wars
13775:"Great Britain Tourism Survey Quarterly Regional Summary Q4 2015"
13423:
13421:
12693:
Gore, Tony; Jones, Catherine (2006). "Yorkshire and the Humber".
11549:
Martin, Ron; Townroe, Peter (2013). "The Macroeconomic Context".
10449:
9601:. Vol. 622. United Kingdom: House of Commons. col. 131.
9597:
9336:"Figure 1: Explore population characteristics of individual BUAs"
8413:
of any kind. Most of the invaders were from modern Denmark (East
8328:
8200:
7716:
7698:
7522:
7405:
7371:
6940:
6563:
6228:
5899:
5824:
5588:
5560:
5499:
5332:
around Merseyside following the newspaper's coverage of the 1989
4878:
4862:
4835:
describes the North's moors as a "black hole" for the endangered
4389:
3579:
3517:
3513:, spoken predominately in Cumbria until around the 12th century.
3449:
3358:
3240:
2979:
2833:
2829:
2265:
2212:
1976:
1860:
1848:
1704:
1098:
846:
634:
433:
376:
140:
104:
67:. Other definitions of the North vary and have changed over time.
64:
19331:
17674:
12007:"DC2210EWr – Main language by proficiency in English (regional)"
7883:
systems in the North – Blackpool Tramway, Manchester Metrolink,
7594:
within Northern city regions; of the six PTEs in England, five (
7483:
Small Jewish communities arose in Beverley, Doncaster, Grimsby,
5036:
worth hundreds of millions to local economies: the discovery of
3034:
3024:
18778:
18470:
Thinking Northern: Textures of Identity in the North of England
17788:
17569:
15204:
Lost Britain: An A-Z of Forgotten Landmarks and Lost Traditions
12874:"Funding concerns for UK's northern business after Brexit vote"
10488:. Vol. XII. Cambridge University Press. 1970. p. 706.
10208:
7848:
7690:
7686:
7563:
7543:
6428:
6075:
5904:
5832:
5629:
5174:
5114:
4847:
4753:
4694:
4408:
in Northern England, and in severe job losses in the following
4377:
4067:
4015:
to take root in the region. High quality steel in turn fed the
3860:
3575:
3486:
3208:
2837:
2817:
2312:
2292:
2180:
2108:
2028:
1968:
1928:
1920:
1812:
1796:
1670:
1620:
1156:, which rises to 978 m (3,209 ft), its largest lake,
1132:
1126:
1014:
801:, and before this the borough was considered to be part of the
743:
412:
295:
18156:
Blitz, Roger; Tighe, Chris; Bounds, Andrew (25 January 2015).
18054:
16219:"Durham win County Championship title with victory over Notts"
15962:"How many England internationals have been born in your area?"
14198:"North's "national daily" newspaper 24 closes after six weeks"
13418:
11739:"Bomb to boom – Manchester, a shining example to other cities"
10251:
10163:. Office for National Statistics. 4 March 2013. Archived from
10040:
The Woman's Historical Novel: British Women Writers, 1900–2000
7507:
synagogue in the country, and Greater Manchester has the only
7085:, and between the 1980s and the 2010s their successors in the
6246:, which left it a legacy of sporting facilities including the
6055:
draw hundreds of bands from across the UK and further afield.
5322:, failed after six weeks. Across Northern England as a whole,
5008:, with startups emerging around tech hubs in Northern cities.
4685:
rates compared to Southern England and to other EU countries.
4364:
3970:
3421:
18075:"'A sad loss for Blackpool' as unprofitable airport to close"
14823:
13337:"Closure of Kellingley pit brings deep coal mining to an end"
11528:. W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. p. 31.
11000:
9815:. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. pp. 349–350.
9792:
8651:
7702:
7678:
6802:
accused Yorkshire of scuffing the pitch and intimidating the
5922:
immigrant and adapted to the region's taste. There are large
5911:
5891:
5887:
5840:
5765:
5757:
5637:
5633:
5625:
5621:
5607:
The flat cap stereotypically associated with Northern England
4804:
4713:. There are major disparities even across individual cities:
3731:. In the winter of 1069–1070, towns, villages and farms were
3542:
3490:
3482:
3458:
1892:
1361:
1343:
1229:
1026:
994:
925:
837:. Some areas of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire are served by
493:
265:
18622:
Looking North: Northern England and the National Imagination
16245:
Amateurism in British Sport: It Matters Not Who Won Or Lost?
16100:"Do you remember when the North beat the mighty All Blacks?"
15567:"Is there a north-south divide in England's music industry?"
15478:
MOD: From Bebop to Britpop, Britain's Biggest Youth Movement
12422:
Northern children "too often left behind", says commissioner
11944:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales: 2011"
7773:
and the oldest continually operating in the world; the 1825
6270:
was in Leeds, and every year since Yorkshire has hosted the
5498:
Traits stereotypically associated with Northern England are
4019:
that opened along the coasts, especially on Tyneside and at
1050:
of Northern England, showing the Pennines and river valleys.
17839:"New franchises herald new era for North's rail passengers"
16838:"NIP it in the bud: the case against Northern independence"
16470:
British Politics, 1910–1935: The Crisis of the Party System
15178:"Northside – Andrew Martin remembers dandelion and burdock"
13464:
11282:
Building Jerusalem: The Rise and Fall of the Victorian City
7832:
7682:
7562:, of which the largest is the Sikh Temple in Leeds, and 30
7508:
7007:
Labour held the majority of Northern constituencies at the
6083:
5811:
The North is known for its often crumbly cheeses, of which
5603:
5102:
4989:
4654:
4332:
The census question on religion has been criticised by the
3926:
Northern England was a focal point for fighting during the
3378:
3001:
2370:
2237:
1466:
1140:
Much of the mountainous upland remains undeveloped, and of
17695:"Car, bike, train, or walk: how people get to work mapped"
16075:"BBC Sport – Rugby union in the north of England is dying"
15605:
15603:
14642:"England's north-south divide: Is it still grim up north?"
13860:
13743:
13694:
Working-Class Organisations and Popular Tourism, 1840–1970
12905:"UK regions, the European Union and manufacturing exports"
12763:"Towns and cities analysis, England and Wales, March 2016"
11648:"The effects of Thatcherism in the urban North of England"
11103:
8609:
8607:
8577:
8417:
speakers), but some were Norwegians (West Norse speakers).
7150:
have seen little electoral support. Plans by Labour under
6450:
professionalism was formally legalised in English football
5851:
are popular in the North East and Yorkshire respectively.
3887:, the North saw several Catholic uprisings, including the
3727:, and to put an end to the rebellion, William ordered the
2855:
in north Lancashire. This area corresponds roughly to the
1089:
The geography of the North has been heavily shaped by the
19525:
18014:"Size of Reporting Airports January 2022 – December 2022"
17352:"How Greater Manchester's eruv has changed life for Jews"
17226:
15902:
Girls with Balls – The Secret History of Women's Football
15361:
Cannon, R. D. (1971). "The Bagpipe in Northern England".
15258:
14362:
14360:
14345:
13301:"The North of England Energy, Marine and Offshore Report"
13065:"Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profile: United Kingdom"
12425:
12338:"Review of evidence on education in the north of England"
12244:"Northern Covid-19 infection rate nearly double London's"
11484:
Jupp, James (2001). "Immigration from Northern England".
11012:; McCombie, Grace; Ryder, Peter; Welfare, Peter (1992) .
10248:
years have been adjusted to give calendar ('real') years.
10136:
9538:
8738:"Long shadows: 50 years of the Local Government Act 1972"
7708:
4889:
Northern England has a strong export-based economy, with
4800:
4077:
3505:
in cultural, scholarly and monastic activity, centred on
3294:
around the Humber Estuary were settled and farmed in the
2982:, and the T-to-R rule that leads to the pronunciation of
2384:
Climate data for the England N climate region, 1981–2010
2311:
in North Yorkshire, which also produces half of the UK's
1122:
519:, an area of 37,331 km (14,414 square miles) and 17
515:. These had a combined population of 15.5 million at the
17921:
Modern Britain Third Edition: A Social History 1750–2011
16384:. Office for National Statistics. May 2016. p. 17.
14590:"Is JB Priestley to blame for grim up north stereotype?"
13755:
12587:
12367:"North-south schools divide "not supported by evidence""
12214:
10832:
10682:. Vol. 12. Cambridge University Press. p. 187.
10425:
Todd, Michael (15 April 2008). "Cities and Urban Life".
10406:
10228:"Palaeolithic art and archaeology of Creswell Crags, UK"
9743:"Manchester Climate Information (Region: England N tab)"
9615:
9509:"Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Hard Water..."
8922:
8594:
8592:
8444:
Middlesbrough, Knowsley, Hull, Liverpool and Manchester.
7130:(BNP), who exploited racial tensions in the wake of the
6992:, the movement's greatest success was the repeal of the
5194:
in Cumbria, to install high-speed internet connections.
3389:
bases in the region, with other smaller forts including
17986:"Light Rail and Tram Statistics: Notes and Definitions"
17590:
16618:
New British Fascism: Rise of the British National Party
16495:
Seats, Votes, and the Spatial Organisation of Elections
15600:
14472:
Ageing and Change in Pit Villages of North East England
14260:"When revenue is slipping, it's OK to say you're sorry"
13544:
13069:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
12903:
Sheffield Political Economy Research Institute (2016).
12711:
12470:"Regional labour market statistics in the UK: Feb 2017"
9912:
9900:
9888:
9876:
9220:
Issues of Regional Identity: In Honour of John Marshall
8604:
8195:
ferries offer passenger and freight connections to the
7590:(PTE) has become a major player in the organisation of
5203:
5199:
3203:
country as a whole have strongholds in Northern towns:
1097:
era, which often reached as far south as the Midlands.
19076:
Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
18713:. Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from
18684:. Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from
18106:"Last call for Doncaster: why is the airport closing?"
17817:"Northern England's railways under election spotlight"
14527:"Labour leader calls for unity at Durham Miners' Gala"
14451:
14357:
11597:
9834:
9832:
7011:, but saw its traditional Northern heartlands reduced.
6947:
were shaped by reports into the lives of the Northern
6215:, and led to the schism between the two main forms of
5987:
Northumbrian pipers at Alwinton Border Shepherds Show.
5815:
is the earliest example. Unlike Southern cheeses like
3930:. The border counties were invaded by Scotland in the
3585:
2295:
are also plentiful in northern parts of the Pennines.
841:(formerly BBC North), whilst eastern Yorkshire shares
17944:
Randall, D. (1954). "In the Shadow of the Pennines".
15687:"Legacy of Commonwealth Games lives on in Manchester"
15666:
14372:
14294:"Taking Part 2014/15, Focus on: Newspaper Readership"
13522:"Are call centres the factories of the 21st Century?"
13276:"The Northern Powerhouse Independent Economic Review"
13183:"Meet the British Fishermen Who Want Out of the E.U."
11679:"Margaret Thatcher: 20 ways that she changed Britain"
11513:(Thesis). Vol. 1. Cornell University. p. 1.
11097:
The English Catholics in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth
9955:
8811:
8774:
8589:
8140:, opened in 1757 to connect Liverpool's ports to the
4740:. The North has also been a significant recipient of
17207:
17182:
17180:
17178:
17176:
17174:
16620:. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 84, 105.
14950:. European Commission. 9 August 2007. Archived from
14616:"Readers recommend ... Songs about northern England"
13881:"Internet access – households and individuals: 2016"
13595:"Can the North of England rival London's Tech City?"
12035:. Office for National Statistics. 11 December 2012.
9977:
Wilson, Frances; Maughan, Philip (5 December 2013).
9772:
Upton, Clive; Widdowson, John David Allison (2006).
8979:"Will the Conservatives ever be loved in the North?"
7666:
is a major north-south A-road also in the east. The
7497:
Manchester also has a long-standing Jewish community
7435:– the second-highest figure in the Church after the
7393:
was the dominant faith in much of Northern England.
7176:
only hold seats at the local council level, and the
5157:
Connecting Cumbria is one of many projects to bring
5064:
are among the major high-tech sectors in the North.
3274:
Significant settlement appears to have begun in the
19081:
Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)
18449:
Church and Society in the Medieval North of England
15713:"Tour de Yorkshire aims to add fourth day for 2018"
14497:"Whatever happened to the Great British Battleaxe?"
10390:
Bronze Age Landscapes: Tradition and Transformation
9829:
8910:
8551:
5535:
is one of the largest trade union events in Europe.
4881:and to offshore wind to replace its fishing fleet.
4794:, are a major part of Northern English agriculture.
4705:and across to York is an example, as is Cheshire's
3744:farmland, paid little attention to pastoral areas.
3477:(the "Old North") was divided into rival kingdoms,
3188:from the region survive in some rural areas in the
1129:and which is very fertile and productive farmland.
18489:
18165:
17866:"Rishi Sunak scraps northern leg of HS2 rail line"
16891:
16643:"Major parties condemn BNP after election success"
16441:"Labour's "red wall" demolished by Tory onslaught"
16011:
15144:
14727:A life apart: the English working class, 1890–1914
14668:
14557:
14258:
14174:News in the Regions: Plymouth Sound to Moray Firth
13488:
13375:
13122:"North of England "a black hole" for hen harriers"
12242:
11769:
11424:. Liverpool John Moores University. Archived from
10811:
8079:during the early 2000s and suffered following the
6127:rivalry between the Beatles and the Rolling Stones
4007:allowed ironmaking and, with the invention of the
3192:counting systems traditionally used by shepherds.
1025:– and does not include cities like Manchester and
746:and Mersey estuaries being a common boundary) and
18227:, Manchester University Press, pp. 179–190,
17914:
17912:
17772:Privatized Infrastructure: The Role of Government
17593:"Northern Transport Strategy: Spring 2016 Report"
17171:
17075:The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England
17052:
15738:"Stage Set For 37th Simplyhealth Great North Run"
15560:
15558:
15453:The Cambridge Companion to Modern British Culture
14172:Hetherington, Alastair (1989). "Yorkshire Post".
13368:"Fast-track fracking taps well of northern anger"
12942:. Smith Institute. pp. 6, 49. Archived from
11125:Cooper, Stephen; Cooper, Ashley (29 April 2015).
10274:"Heritage Minister gives protection to Star Carr"
10185:
9222:. Manchester University Press. pp. 108–109.
8520:"Publications catalogue | British History Online"
7546:in the United Kingdom was founded by the convert
7374:rules were brought into line with those of Rome.
7119:. UKIP originally struggled in the region due to
5522:
2256:, a distinctive coarse-grained rock used to make
19598:
18660:
18158:"English airports fear Scottish tax competition"
18155:
17797:
17747:People and Places: A 2001 Census Atlas of the UK
17680:
17630:. Merseytravel. 24 November 2011. Archived from
17575:
17540:
17538:
16353:Lovell, John; Roberts, Benjamin Charles (1968).
15879:. Liverpool University Press. pp. 283–284.
15502:"Made In Sheffield: The Birth of Electronic Pop"
14432:
12156:. Office for National Statistics. Archived from
10924:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 183–184.
10503:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 253–254.
10499:Wilkes, John (2005). "Frontiers and Provinces".
8972:
8970:
8968:
5661:, which was intricately developed in the North.
5231:, three are set and filmed in Northern England (
4944:from North Sea and Irish Sea, and more recently
4416:in their study, five were located in the North.
4400:These health inequalities manifested during the
3999:is sometimes attributed to the damp climate and
3871:also touched the region, and in just 400 years,
2895:Northern English accents have not undergone the
1113:. On the eastern side of the Pennines, a former
18643:Northern English: A Social and Cultural History
18419:
18187:
18185:
18073:Pidd, Helen; Campbell, Chloe (8 October 2014).
17722:Competition Ownership of Bus and Coach Services
17405:
17063:
16158:
15798:The Ball is Round: A Global History of Football
15397:(phd). University of Sheffield. pp. 1–20.
14760:Clothing the Poor in Nineteenth-Century England
14299:. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 2015
12996:"Regional analysis of public sector employment"
12439:"JOBS05: Workforce jobs by region and industry"
11641:
11639:
11637:
10576:
9710:"North West England & Isle of Man: climate"
9182:
9180:
9151:
7616:Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016
7445:. Likewise, with the exception of parts of the
7037:was held in Manchester in 1868, and as of 2015
6823:, but these tensions were given release in the
3401:). Britannia Inferior extended as far north as
3361:records that they handed the resistance leader
18008:
18006:
17937:
17909:
17385:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 91–92.
16977:"The Easter Walking Pilgrimage to Holy Island"
16864:"Can the Northern Independence Party succeed?"
15555:
15455:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 85–86.
14762:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 33–34.
13442:"Who are the north west's biggest businesses?"
13176:
13174:
12969:"Public sector employment, UK: September 2016"
12532:"Regional Gross Value Added (Income Approach)"
12335:
12241:Scott, Dominic; Scott, Patrick (1 June 2020).
12180:
12178:
12001:
11999:
10922:Flanders and the Anglo-Norman World, 1066–1216
10680:Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion
9771:
9464:An Introduction to Global Environmental Issues
9440:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 93–95.
8891:
4968:("fracking") have proven to be controversial.
432:, is a region that forms the northern part of
18805:
18664:Northern Trans-Pennine Routes Strategic Study
18285:. Department for Transport. 21 September 2016
17744:
17535:
17122:
16352:
15760:
15653:"It's time to drop the Yorkshire stereotypes"
13965:"Two-Speed Britain: Rural and Urban Internet"
13729:. The Stationery Office. p. Ev 140–141.
13490:"North of England tech hubs grow in strength"
12937:"Public services north: time for a new deal?"
12872:Bounds, Andrew; Tighe, Chris (22 July 2016).
12821:
12393:"North-south divide in university admissions"
11548:
11209:
9976:
9460:
8965:
8711:
8678:"The North-South Divide – Where is the line?"
7163:2004 North East England devolution referendum
6996:, protests against which had led to the 1819
6958:The Condition of the Working Class in England
5835:, is a traditional treat across the North on
5040:at the University of Manchester produced the
4190:in towns and cities such as Bradford, Leeds,
3811:called Flemingate in the thirteenth century.
3807:in the East Riding of Yorkshire still had an
2287:are found in Cumbria and the North East, and
1236:, with a population of at least 7.6 million.
254:10 largest settlements in order of population
18182:
18072:
17069:
16492:
15842:
15335:
15146:"North-South beer divide is all in the head"
14904:
14902:
14843:
14794:Theatre, Performance and Analogue Technology
14171:
14114:
14112:
14056:"The shameless success of northern TV drama"
11634:
11415:
11413:
11124:
10551:
10089:"What is the Northumbrian Language Society?"
9682:
9680:
9541:"British regional geology: Northern England"
9461:Pickering, Kevin T.; Owen, Lewis A. (1997).
9177:
9045:
9043:
9041:
9039:
9037:
8207:opened in 2007, cruises also operate out of
7558:are also represented: there are at least 45
7423:In the ecclesiastical administration of the
5591:and they use the phrase repeatedly in their
4781:
3038:likewise ("us cars") or use the alternative
1294:Largest cities and towns in Northern England
1078:adjoining the border with Scotland, and the
18597:
18403:. Department for Transport. 9 November 2016
18003:
17284:"Plaque to mark Liverpool's kosher history"
17188:"Places of worship registered for marriage"
17125:Atlas of Industrializing Britain, 1780–1914
16663:
16154:
16152:
16150:
13619:. Manchester University Press. p. 40.
13240:
13238:
13171:
13023:
13021:
12871:
12175:
11996:
11488:. Cambridge University Press. p. 300.
11120:
11118:
10771:
10769:
10657:. Cambridge University Press. p. 140.
10630:. Golden Age of Northumbria. Archived from
10581:. Oxford University Press. pp. 10–11.
10257:
10214:
9933:"British regional accents "still thriving""
9587:
9355:
9236:
6105:movement of the 2000s gave the country the
5675:brought back by touring football fans) and
4956:, North Yorkshire, there are still several
4884:
4677:higher than any other region. In 2015, the
4316:(0.5%), and 0.4% of the population speak a
3416:
3207:for instance has the largest proportion of
989:– a definition which would include much of
18812:
18798:
18750:
18703:
18678:Northern Prosperity is National Prosperity
18674:
18580:Pies and Prejudice: In Search of the North
18060:
17841:. Rail North. 1 April 2016. Archived from
17303:
17227:"Roman Catholic Dioceses of Great Britain"
16516:
16514:
16355:Short History of the Trades Union Congress
16184:
16182:
16180:
16013:"Making the long walk from Hull to Widnes"
15592:Pratt, Sarah (January 1996). "Take That".
15304:
14474:. UoM Custom Book Centre. pp. 90–91.
13962:
13866:
13811:"Inbound nation, region & county data"
13427:
12593:
12563:"House of Lords State of the North Debate"
12560:
12240:
11036:"Map showing results by Residence: County"
10554:Encyclopedia of European Peoples, Volume 2
10122:. Cambridge University Press. p. 93.
9972:
9970:
9431:
9429:
9328:
9296:
8583:
8027:International airports of Northern England
7769:in Leeds, the first railway authorised by
7750:Haymarket bus station, Newcastle upon Tyne
4586:. Other universities in the North include
4053:, 13% of the population of Manchester and
3990:, Northern England had plentiful coal and
3313:
3259:around 12,000 years ago. Kirkwell Cave in
2377:and the area's heavy industry in decline.
1279:, compared to 82% for England as a whole.
793:borough of Derbyshire are included in the
785:have northern characteristics and include
17399:
17380:
16931:. London: Burns, Oates & Washbourne.
16688:
16664:Ford, Robert; Goodwin, Matthew J (2014).
16493:Gudgin, Graham; Taylor, Peter J. (2012).
15974:
15923:
15921:
15850:"History of Football – The Global Growth"
15823:
15819:
15817:
15795:
15791:
15789:
15386:
15384:
15001:
14933:
14899:
14819:"How the north of England impacted style"
14816:
14753:
14751:
14433:Allport, Alan; Wingfield, George (2007).
14288:
14286:
14109:
12692:
12658:
12364:
12151:"Regional health inequalities in England"
11410:
11354:
10897:. University of Sheffield. Archived from
10805:
10803:
10775:
10628:"Historical background to The Golden Age"
10303:Eaton, Jonathan Mark (12 December 2014).
10179:
9677:
9034:
8730:
8707:
8705:
8703:
8644:
7057:there are no Conservative councillors on
6435:won an FA Cup match against London-based
5076:Crowded beaches at Blackpool in the 1890s
5026:
4404:in high infection rates, death rates and
2303:mines in Great Britain are in the North:
1070:. Other uplands in the North include the
18248:"Aire & Calder Navigation Main Line"
18198:. Manchester University Press. pp.
18191:
18103:
17745:Dorling, Daniel; Thomas, Bethan (2004).
17649:
17318:
17097:
17032:. Oxford University Press. p. 337.
17030:The Secular Clergy in England, 1066–1216
16744:
16411:"England's two nations: Divided kingdom"
16403:
16296:
16242:
16163:. Taylor and Francis. pp. 150–151.
16147:
16009:
15684:
15089:
14757:
14700:
14698:
14696:
14666:
14555:
14029:"ITV Studios to put £5m into Leeds site"
13995:
13878:
13658:
13617:The Blackpool Landlady: A Social History
13482:
13480:
13478:
13476:
13246:"Region Trade Statistics Latest Release"
13235:
13018:
12760:
12688:
12686:
12390:
12215:University of Manchester (26 May 2020).
12210:
12208:
12184:
12148:
11329:
11115:
10766:
10747:
10692:
10552:Waldman, Carl; Mason, Catherine (2006).
10268:
10266:
10062:
9737:
9735:
9612:Calculated using data from WorldClim.org
9211:
9157:
8940:
8829:
8742:UK Parliament – House of Commons Library
8652:"BBC nations and regions – overview map"
7531:
7472:
7284:
7002:
6634:" between Liverpool and Hull. As of the
6219:. The North is also associated with the
6167:
6148:
6066:from the Liverpool area, which produced
5961:
5602:
5526:
5336:has seen the paper fall behind both the
5152:
5071:
4975:
4841:
4785:
4363:
4287:
4251:
4081:
4025:
3969:
3965:
3946:, beginning the process that led to the
3911:. The region would become the centre of
3746:
3420:
3317:
3227:
3223:
3055:
2762:
1741:Largest urban areas in Northern England
1179:
1131:
1042:
803:Greater Manchester Statutory City Region
18618:
18573:
18487:
17991:. Department for Transport. 7 June 2016
17943:
17719:
17655:
17586:
17584:
17349:
17319:Williams, Jennifer (9 September 2014).
17190:. HM Passport Office. 7 November 2016.
16861:
16835:
16615:
16550:
16511:
16177:
15852:. FIFA Official Website. Archived from
15635:
15450:
15341:
15142:
14977:"Database Of Origin & Registration"
14723:
14704:
14457:
14390:
14378:
14351:
14316:
14314:
13989:
13912:"Broadband speed gaps exposed in north"
13639:
13550:
13062:
13058:
13056:
13054:
12840:
12729:
12717:
12659:Perraudin, Frances (29 February 2016).
12273:
12185:Olatunde, Olugbenga (4 November 2015).
11645:
11603:
11523:
11508:
10919:
10809:
10547:
10545:
10469:
10412:
10387:
10063:Morrison, Blake (2010) . Introduction.
10037:
9967:
9426:
8928:
8817:
8780:
8675:
8613:
8495:
8371:, approximately from Stoke-on-Trent to
7342:founded a monastery there as the first
7264:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Liverpool
6289:
5396:
5328:is the best selling newspaper, but the
4045:of the 1840s drove migrants across the
2748:
2299:has a long history, and both remaining
1032:
328:37,331 km (14,414 sq mi)
14:
19599:
18741:
18552:
18531:
18510:
18466:
18445:
18426:
18398:"Sea Passenger Statistics: Final 2015"
18272:
18222:
18195:Transport in the Industrial Revolution
17863:
17814:
17810:
17808:
17806:
17692:
17544:
17482:
17428:
17213:
17102:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 475.
17027:
16951:"The Religious History of Lindisfarne"
16581:
16467:
16332:. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 15–16.
16330:The Transformation of Urban Liberalism
16290:
16268:
16216:
16159:Huggins, Mike; Williams, Jack (2006).
16068:
16066:
16003:
15918:
15874:
15814:
15786:
15710:
15672:
15609:
15530:
15475:
15381:
15360:
15310:
15175:
14908:
14791:
14748:
14494:
14469:
14366:
14320:
14283:
14256:
14148:
14084:
13761:
13749:
13614:
13592:
13532:from the original on 27 September 2015
13519:
13486:
13365:
13146:
13096:"What is the UK's national vegetable?"
12930:
12928:
12803:from the original on 10 September 2015
12627:
12617:from the original on 20 December 2016.
12529:
12511:from the original on 19 September 2016
12498:
12467:
12303:
12301:
12234:
11850:
11479:
11477:
11449:
11367:from the original on 25 September 2015
11355:Schofield, Jonathan (3 October 2017).
11307:Political Parties in Britain 1783–1867
11215:
11109:
11094:
11058:
10944:
10850:
10838:
10800:
10652:
10524:Perry, Philip (2009). "Introduction".
10498:
10429:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 163.
10155:
10153:
10151:
10142:
10117:
9961:
9930:
9918:
9906:
9894:
9882:
9838:
9217:
9186:
8976:
8761:
8712:Kortmann, Bernd; Upton, Clive (2008).
8700:
8213:Newcastle International Ferry Terminal
8136:The first modern canal in England was
7389:, and at its peak in the 19th century
7350:. It is known for the creation of the
6394:The first football club in the UK was
5616:, an overcoat, and a hat, typically a
5067:
4971:
4078:Deindustrialisation and modern history
3907:faced another Catholic rebellion, the
3703:The 1066 defeat of the Norwegian king
3528:in Northern churchyards suggests that
3369:. The Romans created the province of "
1164:. Northern England is one of the most
1074:with England's highest mountains, the
677:, plus the unitary authority areas of
542:. The area's northern boundary is the
18793:
18639:
18363:from the original on 29 January 2016.
18322:from the original on 9 February 2017.
18311:from the original on 9 February 2017.
18129:
17918:
17769:
17513:"£3m Hindu temple soon to take shape"
17510:
17464:from the original on 8 September 2016
17281:
17159:from the original on 8 September 2016
16979:. NorthernCross.co.uk. Archived from
16924:
16889:
16777:"Ex Tory MP forms the Northern Party"
16391:from the original on 24 February 2017
16327:
16309:from the original on 26 November 2016
16297:Hitchens, Christopher (August 2012).
16072:
15959:
15940:from the original on 23 December 2016
15624:from the original on 23 November 2015
15617:. the British Council. pp. 6–7.
15591:
15564:
15390:
15292:from the original on 21 November 2016
15143:Jackson, Michael (15 December 1992).
15071:from the original on 24 December 2016
14693:
14333:from the original on 11 February 2017
14161:from the original on 21 January 2016.
14053:
14026:
13944:from the original on 2 September 2016
13839:
13706:from the original on 10 February 2017
13664:
13501:from the original on 11 December 2022
13473:
13192:from the original on 14 December 2016
12993:
12683:
12607:"English indices of deprivation 2015"
12542:from the original on 15 February 2017
12336:Tate, Sue; Greatbatch, David (2016).
12205:
12039:from the original on 15 February 2017
11941:
11863:from the original on 15 February 2017
11782:from the original on 11 December 2022
11767:
11676:
11615:
11526:The Economics of the Great Depression
11462:from the original on 24 November 2015
11385:
11304:
11258:from the original on 26 February 2017
11228:from the original on 6 September 2015
11137:from the original on 24 February 2017
11046:from the original on 8 September 2015
10982:from the original on 21 February 2012
10969:
10752:. Taylor & Francis. p. 267.
10750:Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia
10729:from the original on 10 February 2017
10601:
10595:
10523:
10369:from the original on 19 December 2007
10302:
10263:
10195:Research records (formerly PastScape)
10161:"Language in England and Wales: 2011"
10007:
9864:from the original on 12 December 2016
9810:
9798:
9732:
9720:from the original on 12 December 2016
9561:
9435:
9410:Materials for Architects and Builders
9407:
9274:"The eight City Regions of the North"
9091:
9065:
8916:
8873:from the original on 8 September 2016
8860:
8792:
8598:
7879:opened in 1992. Today there are four
7568:Bradford Lakshmi Narayan Hindu Temple
6821:amateur status in first-class cricket
6526:, 537 Northerners had played for the
6062:scene. Influential movements include
6058:Northern England also has a thriving
5148:
4719:Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough
4292:Bilingual English/Chinese signage in
3958:forces until they were routed at the
468:. The region also coincides with the
18819:
18378:from the original on 9 February 2017
18337:from the original on 9 February 2017
18042:from the original on 21 October 2016
18038:. Visit England. 28 September 2015.
18036:"Getting to northern England by air"
17958:
17701:from the original on 13 January 2016
17581:
17441:from the original on 1 November 2016
17362:from the original on 11 October 2014
17233:from the original on 28 October 2016
17194:from the original on 27 January 2017
17123:Langton, John; Morris, R.J. (2002).
17100:T&T Clark Companion to Methodism
16640:
16532:from the original on 29 January 2017
16421:from the original on 3 December 2016
16321:
16188:
15927:
15899:
15774:from the original on 29 January 2009
15650:
15531:Cooper, Leonie (18 September 2006).
15419:
15201:
15122:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 327.
14911:"Of course food isn't grim up north"
14879:
14831:from the original on 1 December 2016
14730:. Harvard University Press. p.
14681:from the original on 12 January 2022
14667:Johnston, Philip (13 October 2020).
14570:from the original on 12 January 2022
14311:
14238:from the original on 12 October 2016
14130:from the original on 17 October 2015
13909:
13891:from the original on 10 October 2016
13821:from the original on 9 February 2017
13452:from the original on 4 February 2017
13439:
13402:. Leeds City Council. Archived from
13256:from the original on 29 January 2017
13210:
13180:
13159:from the original on 2 November 2016
13093:
13051:
12822:Faulconbridge, Guy (8 August 2018).
12793:"Housing crisis in northern England"
12403:from the original on 5 February 2016
12365:Lightfoot, Liz (11 September 2018).
12255:from the original on 12 January 2022
12117:
12081:
12033:"Religion in England and Wales 2011"
11749:from the original on 23 October 2015
11707:
11483:
11276:
11076:from the original on 15 October 2016
10945:Barrow, G. W. S. (2015).
10920:Oksanen, Eljas (13 September 2012).
10776:Aitcheson, James (12 October 2016).
10677:
10542:
10424:
10359:"Bronze Age boat "oldest in Europe""
10234:from the original on 17 October 2015
10099:from the original on 15 October 2016
10019:from the original on 31 October 2016
9698:from the original on 11 October 2016
9618:International Journal of Climatology
9139:from the original on 21 October 2016
9109:from the original on 21 October 2016
9049:
9013:. Derek Ratcliffe. 26 January 2012.
8934:
8557:
8375:, and also includes the Isle of Man.
8327:Not to be confused with the town of
8315:
7455:Roman Catholic Church administration
7093:alternative to Labour in the North.
4752:. The loss of these funds following
4308:(spoken by 0.7% of the population),
4215:People's Republic of South Yorkshire
3593:The Historic county town strongholds
3211:speakers, while Manchester has most
2232:
17891:"Birkenhead marks historic tramway"
17831:
17803:
17724:. Taylor and Francis. p. 279.
17660:. Frances Lincoln Ltd. p. 14.
17485:"Faith in Leeds: Sikh temple visit"
17406:Bartlett, David (15 January 2010).
17308:. Education Committee. p. 114.
17009:from the original on 11 August 2010
16957:from the original on 27 August 2009
16855:
16836:Maxwell, Kieran (21 January 2021).
16716:"Prescott rules out regional polls"
16653:from the original on 16 March 2017.
16063:
15800:. London: Penguin. pp. 43–47.
15768:"Potting shed birth of oldest team"
15006:. Chelsea Green. pp. 167–170.
14817:Stanfield, Ted (30 November 2016).
14507:from the original on 22 August 2016
13922:from the original on 26 April 2016.
13310:. 22 September 2016. Archived from
13102:from the original on 9 October 2016
12925:
12761:Prothero, Richard (18 March 2016).
12671:from the original on 19 August 2016
12530:Fenton, Trevor (15 December 2016).
12298:
12286:from the original on 13 August 2016
12274:Andrews, Matthew (12 August 2016).
11474:
10970:Brown, Jonathan (14 January 2012).
10148:
9551:from the original on 18 March 2017.
9375:
8830:Corrigan, Phil (20 November 2015).
8797:. Taylor and Francis. p. 107.
7493:Resettlement of the Jews in England
7427:the entire North is covered by the
7354:and remains a place of pilgrimage.
6794:, when Yorkshire beat London-based
5999:The Harrogate Band playing in Leeds
5974:", a traditional Northern folk song
5198:coverage is similarly patchy, with
4723:more affordable than the UK average
4534:of leading research universities):
3878:
3586:Norman Conquest and the Middle Ages
2964:(usually represented in writing as
1105:material in lowland areas like the
24:
18734:
18598:Pettit, Paul; White, Mark (2012).
18280:"UK Port Freight Statistics: 2015"
18104:Christou, Luke (24 October 2022).
18085:from the original on 16 April 2016
17864:Dawson, Bethany (4 October 2023).
17774:. Thomas Telford. pp. 19–20.
17605:from the original on 10 March 2016
17263:from the original on 21 April 2012
16862:Hayward, Freddie (26 March 2021).
16563:from the original on 8 August 2016
16217:Newsum, Matt (19 September 2013).
16196:. Random House. pp. 423–424.
15975:Perraudin, Frances (2 July 2018).
15744:. 8 September 2017. Archived from
15056:
14921:from the original on 30 April 2017
14027:Brook, Stephen (3 December 2009).
13996:Peraudin, Francis (24 July 2016).
13689:
13574:from the original on 13 March 2017
13347:from the original on 29 April 2017
13039:from the original on 13 March 2017
12853:from the original on 6 August 2016
12730:Gregory, Sam (18 September 2018).
12640:from the original on 26 March 2016
12480:from the original on 29 April 2017
12449:from the original on 22 April 2017
12193:from the original on 15 March 2017
12130:from the original on 15 March 2017
12118:Kirk, Ashley (15 September 2015).
11984:from the original on 15 March 2017
11980:. Office for National Statistics.
11954:from the original on 15 March 2017
11923:from the original on 6 August 2016
11919:. Office for National Statistics.
11893:from the original on 4 August 2016
11889:. Office for National Statistics.
11689:from the original on 10 April 2017
11419:
11197:from the original on 19 April 2016
10788:from the original on 12 March 2017
9989:from the original on 25 April 2017
9931:Savill, Richard (3 January 2010).
9753:from the original on 16 March 2017
9160:"Plan to grow new Northern Forest"
9158:Harrabin, Roger (7 January 2018).
8716:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 122.
8496:Compton, Garnett (21 March 2013).
8270:Devolution to the North of England
7855:to the village of Summit, outside
7843:(partially open intermittently as
7777:, the first public railway to use
6827:fixture. Nevertheless, the annual
5515:independent, or affectionately as
5404:Steel-built landmarks of the North
4952:ended in 2015 with the closure of
4823:in the Pennine uplands is home to
4746:European Regional Development Fund
4701:which extends from north Leeds to
4088:Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art
4035:Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City
3175:
25:
19638:
18771:
18707:The Northern Powerhouse in Action
18260:from the original on 30 July 2016
17923:. A&C Black. pp. 20–21.
17693:Rogers, Simon (1 February 2013).
17557:from the original on 6 March 2017
17350:Burnell, Paul (18 January 2014).
16906:from the original on 21 June 2022
16787:from the original on 4 March 2017
16757:from the original on 4 March 2017
16745:Waterson, Jim (30 October 2016).
16726:from the original on 14 June 2006
16689:Al-Othman, Hannah (9 June 2017).
16597:from the original on 28 June 2016
16026:from the original on 21 June 2022
15826:The F.A. Cup – The Complete Story
15573:from the original on 9 March 2017
15543:from the original on 9 March 2017
15512:from the original on 9 March 2017
15432:from the original on 9 March 2017
15401:from the original on 9 March 2017
15323:from the original on 4 April 2017
15157:from the original on 21 June 2022
15038:from the original on 2 April 2016
14983:from the original on 4 March 2016
14861:from the original on 1 April 2016
14537:from the original on 19 July 2016
14495:Mangan, Lucy (2 September 2015).
14321:Mayhew, Freddy (25 August 2016).
14271:from the original on 21 June 2022
14208:from the original on 9 March 2017
14097:from the original on 9 March 2017
14066:from the original on 9 March 2017
14035:from the original on 9 March 2017
14008:from the original on 9 March 2017
13879:Prescott, Cecil (4 August 2016).
13640:Easdown, Martin (November 2009).
13366:Bounds, Andrew (13 August 2015).
13147:Ledger, John (21 December 2015).
12189:. Office of National Statistics.
12069:from the original on 19 June 2016
11658:from the original on 4 March 2017
11398:from the original on 17 July 2016
11167:from the original on 6 April 2016
10528:. Cambridge Scholars. p. 8.
10392:. Oxbow Books. pp. 116–118.
10339:from the original on 6 March 2017
10284:from the original on 6 March 2017
10093:The Northumbrian Language Society
10067:. By Waterhouse, Keith. Penguin.
9520:from the original on 30 July 2016
9358:"Which is England's second city?"
9254:from the original on 22 July 2016
9075:. Natural England. Archived from
8989:from the original on 4 March 2017
7904:St Helens Central railway station
6541:
6117:has a rock scene stretching from
3771:. Other Cistercian abbeys are at
3755:, now another World Heritage Site
2329:Northern England has a cool, wet
1721:Due to differing definitions and
1142:the ten national parks in England
789:of northern cities. Towns in the
499:The North is a grouping of three
18777:
18390:
18349:
18297:
18240:
18216:
18149:
18123:
18097:
18066:
18028:
17978:
17952:
17883:
17857:
17763:
17738:
17713:
17686:
17617:
17591:Transport for the North (2016).
17523:from the original on 11 May 2008
17504:
17476:
17422:
17374:
17343:
17331:from the original on 18 May 2016
17312:
17297:
17275:
17245:
17219:
17141:
17116:
17091:
17077:(3rd ed.). B. T. Batsford.
17046:
17021:
16995:
16969:
16943:
16918:
16890:Drury, Colin (3 November 2020).
16883:
16829:
16799:
16769:
16738:
16708:
16682:
16657:
16634:
16609:
16575:
16544:
16486:
16472:. Psychology Press. p. 37.
16461:
16433:
16371:
16346:
16299:"The Importance of Being Orwell"
16276:. Random House. pp. 64–65.
16262:
16236:
16210:
16161:Sport and the English, 1918–1939
16122:
16110:from the original on 4 June 2016
16092:
16038:
15968:
15953:
15893:
15868:
15730:
15704:
15685:McKeegan, Alice (15 July 2014).
15678:
15644:
15585:
15565:Glenn, Alan (12 February 2013).
15524:
15494:
15469:
15444:
15413:
15354:
15278:
15266:from the original on 5 June 2016
15254:"Teesside's fast food sensation"
15246:
15220:
15195:
15169:
15136:
15111:
15083:
15059:"A Northern Bonfire Night treat"
15050:
15020:
14995:
14969:
14873:
14810:
14785:
14776:
14717:
14660:
14634:
14608:
14582:
14549:
14519:
14488:
14463:
14426:
14384:
14250:
14220:
14190:
14165:
14142:
14078:
14047:
14020:
13956:
13926:
13903:
13872:
13848:from the original on 11 May 2017
13833:
13803:
13767:
13718:
13683:
13633:
13608:
13593:Fulton, Kane (4 November 2015).
13586:
13556:
13513:
13487:Bounds, Andrew (15 March 2016).
13433:
13392:
13359:
13329:
13293:
13268:
13204:
13140:
13114:
13087:
12987:
12961:
12934:
12896:
12865:
12834:
12815:
12785:
12773:from the original on 23 May 2016
12754:
12723:
12695:The Rise of the English Regions?
12652:
12621:
12599:
12554:
12523:
12499:Watson, Bob (15 February 2017).
12492:
12468:Watson, Bob (15 February 2017).
12461:
12431:
12415:
12384:
12358:
12329:
12267:
12149:Ellis, Amy; Fry, Robert (2010).
12142:
12111:
12095:. September 2015. Archived from
12051:
12025:
12013:. Office for National Statistics
11966:
11942:White, Emma (11 December 2012).
11935:
11905:
11875:
11844:
11819:
11794:
11761:
11731:
11701:
11670:
11609:
11585:from the original on 28 May 2016
11567:
11542:
11517:
11502:
11443:
11386:Kelly, Mike (23 December 2014).
11379:
11348:
11323:
11298:
11270:
11240:
11179:
11149:
11088:
11028:
10994:
10963:
10938:
10913:
10887:
10844:
9943:from the original on 22 May 2016
9562:Lomas, Kenny (2 November 2015).
9199:from the original on 20 May 2016
8977:Kirkup, James (8 January 2015).
8953:from the original on 20 May 2016
8465:
8456:
8447:
8438:
8429:
8420:
8234:
8220:
8117:
8103:
8008:
7994:
7980:
7966:
7952:
7938:
7931:
7910:
7896:
7783:Liverpool and Manchester Railway
7742:
7728:
7638:, opened in 1958, was the first
7596:Transport for Greater Manchester
7260:Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral
7252:
7234:
7223:
7214:
6923:
6909:
6893:
6879:
6863:
6849:
6731:
6713:
6693:
6594:
6574:
6556:
6538:squad, were born in the region.
6374:
6354:
6336:
6316:
6298:
5992:
5980:
5740:
5726:
5710:
5692:
5468:
5462:Middlesbrough Transporter Bridge
5454:
5438:
5424:
5410:
4759:
4562:(also in the Russell Group) and
4505:
4490:
4474:
4459:
4443:
4428:
4141:of 1940–1941 saw major raids on
3687:
3673:
3659:
3643:
3629:
3613:
3599:
2812:(Northumberland and Durham) and
1731:Greater Manchester Built-up Area
1400:
1390:
1347:
1337:
952:
938:
924:
910:
896:
889:
833:and Staffordshire are served by
795:Greater Manchester Built-Up Area
734:, County Durham, Lancashire and
708:
696:
97:
77:
57:
18625:. Manchester University Press.
18559:. Manchester University Press.
18192:Aldcroft, Derek Howard (1983).
17961:"Last Day Glasgow Tram Tickets"
17545:Caunce, Stephen (8 July 2015).
16817:from the original on 9 May 2016
16010:Hadfield, Dave (28 July 2003).
15992:The Guardian's figure includes
15828:. Aurum Press. pp. 22–24.
15824:Lloyd, Guy; Holt, Nick (2005).
15651:Vine, Andrew (12 August 2014).
15612:"Sport and the Working Classes"
15176:Martin, Andrew (21 July 2003).
14909:Naylor, Tony (6 January 2015).
14705:Freeman, Sarah (28 July 2013).
14556:Quantick, David (20 May 2016).
13223:from the original on 6 May 2016
12884:from the original on 7 May 2017
12841:Dunford, Daniel (1 June 2016).
12628:Dudman, Jane (2 October 2015).
11768:Evans, Judith (15 March 2016).
11677:Coman, Julian (14 April 2013).
11654:. Translated by Waine, Oliver.
11422:"Liverpool as a Diasporic City"
11248:"Iron and Steelworks in Barrow"
11216:Caunce, Stephen (9 July 2015).
11187:"Civil War in Northern England"
11157:"The Second Bishops' War, 1640"
10741:
10711:
10686:
10671:
10646:
10620:
10579:Wales and the Britons, 350–1064
10577:Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2013).
10570:
10517:
10492:
10478:
10463:
10443:
10418:
10381:
10351:
10321:
10296:
10220:
10111:
10081:
10056:
10031:
10001:
9924:
9844:
9804:
9765:
9652:
9605:
9598:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
9581:
9555:
9532:
9454:
9438:The First Industrial Revolution
9401:
9349:
9266:
9187:Caunce, Stephen (7 July 2015).
9121:
9001:
8885:
8854:
8823:
8786:
8755:
8669:
8558:Park, Neil (21 December 2022).
8500:. Office of National Statistics
8395:
8378:
8361:
8352:
8343:
8334:
8321:
8125:Newcastle International Airport
7775:Stockton and Darlington Railway
7761:The North of England pioneered
7468:
7205:
7146:Campaigns for Northern English
6499:are among the mainstays of the
6278:. Tyneside meanwhile hosts the
6053:Whit Friday brass band contests
5794:traditional Grimsby smoked fish
5166:Manchester Network Access Point
4742:European Union Structural Funds
4247:
3980:industrial World Heritage Sites
3385:(modern Chester) were the main
2912:near-open front unrounded vowel
971:Various "gateways" to the North
18646:. Cambridge University Press.
18130:Clark, Andrew (1 April 2013).
17483:Hudson, Neil (12 March 2010).
17098:Yrigoyen, Charles Jr. (2014).
16073:Eykyn, Alastair (4 May 2011).
15928:Liew, Jonathan (15 May 2015).
15311:Heward, Emily (2 April 2017).
14085:Graham, Alison (13 May 2015).
14054:Allen, Liam (30 August 2011).
13727:Coastal Towns: Session 2005–06
13520:Hudson, Alex (10 March 2011).
13440:Jupp, Alan (27 October 2015).
13211:Ford, Coreena (4 March 2016).
13033:Office for National Statistics
13000:Office for National Statistics
12973:Office for National Statistics
12767:Office for National Statistics
12611:Office for National Statistics
12561:IPPR North (12 January 2017).
12505:Office for National Statistics
12474:Office for National Statistics
12443:Office for National Statistics
12391:Coughlan, Sean (8 July 2011).
11948:Office for National Statistics
11857:Office for National Statistics
11714:, Clear Publications, p.
11646:Bailoni, Mark (2 April 2014).
11509:Newbury, Frank Davies (1945).
11450:Hopley, Clare (12 June 2016).
11334:. Liverpool University Press.
11040:England's Immigrants 1350–1550
10949:. Edinburgh University Press.
9398:(needs a more direct citation)
9383:"2011 Census – Built-up areas"
9356:jonnelledge (7 October 2019).
8941:Harrison, Ben (8 March 2016).
8619:
8564:Office for National Statistics
8540:
8512:
8489:
7765:. Milestones include the 1758
7431:, which is represented by the
7165:against a No vote of 78%. The
7045:. Since the Thatcher era, the
5790:traditional Cumberland sausage
5139:national museums and galleries
4950:deep-pit coal mining in the UK
3997:industrial textile manufacture
3769:Dissolution of the Monasteries
3349:The Brigantes allied with the
3342:of modern-day Cumbria and the
3016:(common in the North East) or
2804:(Cumberland and Westmorland),
1277:Office for National Statistics
604:
436:and mainly corresponds to the
27:Cultural area of Great Britain
13:
1:
17815:Barrow, Keith (12 May 2015).
17749:. Policy Press. p. 163.
16939:– via Internet Archive.
16379:"TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP 2015"
16247:. Routledge. pp. 87–91.
15960:Smith, Adam (20 March 2016).
15711:Delves, Joseph (2 May 2017).
15480:. Random House. p. 186.
15288:. ITV News. 10 October 2016.
14880:Osuh, Chris (19 April 2010).
14412:10.1080/14797585.2015.1134056
14400:Journal for Cultural Research
14257:Horrie, Chris (29 May 1999).
14149:Collin, Joe (9 August 2013).
13910:Hill, Anthony (4 July 2013).
13885:Office of National Statistics
12536:Office of National Statistics
11851:Stokes, Peter (16 May 2013).
11711:Detonation: Rebirth of a City
10606:. Routledge. pp. 60–61.
10486:The Cambridge Ancient History
9979:"The A-Z of northern fiction"
9688:"North East England: climate"
9050:Usai, Maria Raimonda (2005).
8524:archive.british-history.ac.uk
8477:
8401:In this context "Dane", from
8111:Liverpool John Lennon Airport
7697:. These small streets can be
7588:passenger transport executive
7194:
7098:2016 EU membership referendum
5914:is one example, derived from
5786:Protected Geographical Status
5296:
5214:
3978:, West Yorkshire, one of two
3405:, which was the northernmost
3263:, Cumbria shows signs of the
3051:
2356:across the British Isles are
2325:Climate of the United Kingdom
884:" as opposed to "the North".
685:within the ceremonial county
18514:Researching Northern English
18488:Harding, D. W. (2004).
18420:General and cited references
18305:"Liverpool Birkenhead Ferry"
17511:Evans, Fiona (15 May 2006).
17431:"UK Mosque/Masjid Directory"
17003:"The history of The Gospels"
16616:Goodwin, Matthew J. (2011).
16551:Wigmore, Tim (4 July 2016).
15092:The Oxford Companion to Food
13840:Kreps, David (11 May 2017).
13094:Lane, Megan (9 March 2011).
12063:British Humanist Association
11330:MacRaild, Donald M. (2005).
10653:Machan, Tim William (2016).
10427:A Companion to Roman Britain
9775:An Atlas of English Dialects
9467:. Psychology Press. p.
9010:A Nature Conservation Review
8861:Moore, Alex (29 July 2016).
8482:
7918:Huddersfield railway station
7835:line in the UK was built in
7573:
7400:, 1,200 Roman Catholic, 370
6638:, 11 of the 12 teams in the
6470:banned it altogether in 1921
6016:, with styles including the
4419:
4334:British Humanist Association
4301:English as a second language
4283:
4211:Militant-dominated Liverpool
3467:end of Roman rule in Britain
3074:I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
2828:(Great Northern Coalfield),
1735:West Yorkshire Built-up Area
1150:Northumberland National Park
625:. This area consists of the
581:, music, arts, and cuisine.
51:North of England / the North
7:
19352:English language in England
19347:Innovations and discoveries
19071:Postwar Britain (1945–1979)
18751:Wainwright, Martin (2009).
18670:. Department for Transport.
18604:. Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
17458:British Religion in Numbers
17153:British Religion in Numbers
15420:Pidd, Helen (2 June 2015).
14851:"BBC Style Genius: Casuals"
14758:Richmond, Vivienne (2013).
13644:. Casemate. pp. 9–13.
10814:Rural settlement in Britain
10778:"The Harrying of the North"
9778:. Oxford University Press.
9133:Lake District National Park
8248:
7501:Manchester Reform Synagogue
7185:Northern Independence Party
6834:
6725:Old Trafford Cricket Ground
6274:cycling event, part of the
5938:, and communities from the
5878:movement which popularised
5620:, while women would wear a
5598:
5553:Mayor of Greater Manchester
5243:in the Yorkshire Dales and
5046:Advanced Manufacturing Park
5042:National Graphene Institute
5000:, and the Manchester-based
4482:Sheffield Hallam University
4414:England during the pandemic
4323:
2647:Average precipitation days
2503:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
2433:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2272:and the distinctive purple
10:
19643:
18746:. Eyre & Spottiswoode.
18467:Ehland, Christoph (2007).
18016:. Civil Aviation Authority
17720:Hensher, David A. (1991).
17304:Frangopulo, N. J. (1962).
17282:Makin, Rex (5 July 2008).
17053:Palgrave, Francis (1831).
16641:Tran, Mark (8 June 2009).
14882:"Hats off to the flat cap"
14724:Meacham, Standish (1977).
13669:. Routledge. p. 395.
13181:John, Tara (6 June 2016).
12697:. Routledge. p. 149.
12059:"The Census Campaign 2011"
11579:Merseyside Maritime Museum
11553:. Routledge. p. 270.
11357:"Manchester: Migrant city"
11127:"The Council of the North"
10972:"War Of The Roses Part II"
10810:Roberts, Brian K. (1977).
10748:Pulsiano, Phillip (1993).
10604:The Earliest English Kings
10191:"Rudston Monolith (79482)"
9412:. Routledge. p. 326.
8170:Aire and Calder Navigation
7566:, of which the largest is
7552:Liverpool Muslim Institute
7499:: the now-demolished 1857
7453:, the North is covered in
7198:
6838:
6684:
6545:
6404:Football Association Rules
6252:Manchester Aquatics Centre
6248:City of Manchester Stadium
5918:brought to the area by an
5683:
5583:. As well as parts of the
5089:near Newcastle, Whitby in
4900:Jaguar Land Rover Halewood
4664:
4467:University of Huddersfield
3928:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3407:border of the Roman Empire
3367:Quintus Petillius Cerialis
3218:
3186:Brythonic Celtic languages
3032:("me car") and some treat
2781:
2758:
2753:
2740:
2383:
2322:
2318:
2250:South Yorkshire Coalfields
1389:
1336:
1285:
1220:, taking in the cities of
1036:
756:Survey of English Dialects
123:Yorkshire & The Humber
31:
19565:
19489:
19404:
19282:
19278:
19269:
19225:
19216:
19164:
19155:
19125:
19089:
19063:
19030:
18972:
18941:
18893:
18837:
18828:
18661:Highways England (2016).
17770:Smith, Adrian J. (1999).
17381:Oppenheim, Janet (1988).
15796:Goldblatt, David (2007).
14796:. Springer. p. 123.
14707:"The cap that rose again"
13963:Farrington, John (2015).
11066:"The Pilgrimage of Grace"
10895:"Fountains Abbey History"
10723:Yorkshire Dialect Society
9545:British Geological Survey
8388:, across what is now the
8242:Leeds and Liverpool Canal
8228:Liverpool Cruise Terminal
8205:Liverpool Cruise Terminal
8144:coalfields. By 1777, the
7385:that ultimately produced
7362:of Northern England. The
7246:Anglican Province of York
6984:philosophy. Expounded by
6917:Crewe Municipal Buildings
4865:and establishment of the
4803:, which grow better than
4782:Agriculture and fisheries
4530:institutions (all in the
4359:
3847:, including the decisive
3736:of two million. When the
3713:Battle of Stamford Bridge
3355:Roman conquest of Britain
2880:sound in words that end -
2693:
2646:
2572:
2502:
2432:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
402:
385:
375:
364:
353:
349:400/km (1,000/sq mi)
345:
337:
332:
324:
319:
253:
207:
128:
110:
90:
72:
56:
46:
19431:The Football Association
18511:Hickey, Raymond (2015).
17028:Thomas, Hugh M. (2014).
16813:. Electoral Commission.
16328:Moore, James R. (2006).
15875:Taylor, Matthew (2005).
15770:. BBC. 24 October 2007.
15640:. Cavallioti Publishers.
15476:Weight, Richard (2013).
15002:Kindstedt, Paul (2012).
14437:. Infobase. p. 27.
13564:"The UK's tech clusters"
12345:Department for Education
11620:. SAGE. pp. 73–74.
11018:The Buildings of England
10042:. Springer. p. 20.
9801:, pp. 43–45, 55–59.
9660:"UK climate regions map"
9593:"ICL Boulby Potash Mine"
8131:
7841:opened on 30 August 1860
7822:Northern Powerhouse Rail
7437:Archbishop of Canterbury
6792:1924 County Championship
6203:, put great emphasis on
6144:
5957:
5868:Samuel Smith Old Brewery
5802:Yorkshire forced rhubarb
5446:Manchester Beetham Tower
5266:Our Friends in the North
5260:Boys from the Blackstuff
5209:
5085:in northern Lancashire,
4885:Manufacturing and energy
4773:under the government of
4750:European Investment Bank
4451:University of Manchester
4410:Great Lockdown recession
4242:1996 Manchester bombings
3986:At the beginning of the
3733:systematically destroyed
3417:Anglo-Saxons and Vikings
2953:), the reduction of the
2784:Northern England English
2335:subpolar oceanic climate
1592:East Riding of Yorkshire
1175:
1160:, and its deepest lake,
643:East Riding of Yorkshire
623:Yorkshire and the Humber
513:Yorkshire and the Humber
245:York and North Yorkshire
18916:History of Anglo-Saxons
18742:Turner, Graham (1967).
18532:Holder, Judith (2005).
17656:Goddard, Frank (2004).
17325:Manchester Evening News
16522:"EU referendum results"
16357:. Springer. p. 7.
16274:And God Created Cricket
15691:Manchester Evening News
15636:Townson, Nigel (1997).
15317:Manchester Evening News
15096:Oxford University Press
15090:Davidson, Alan (2006),
14979:. European Commission.
14886:Manchester Evening News
14470:Dawson, Andrew (2011).
13446:Manchester Evening News
12912:University of Sheffield
12316:N8 Research Partnership
12093:British Election Survey
11743:Manchester Evening News
11616:Laird, Siobhan (2008).
11305:Evans, Eric J. (2006).
10693:Roesdahl, Else (1998).
10470:Shotter, David (2012).
10258:Pettit & White 2012
10215:Pettit & White 2012
9811:Wells, John C. (1982).
8892:Simon Armitage (2009).
8768:Eyre & Spottiswoode
8762:Turner, Graham (1967).
8682:University of Sheffield
8676:Dorling, Danny (2007).
8627:"Gazetteer of Cheshire"
8260:Convention of the North
7806:Department of Transport
7756:
7713:municipal bus companies
7629:
7626:throughout the region.
7620:Transport for the North
7463:Archbishop of Liverpool
7346:at the request of King
7277:Archbishop of Liverpool
7140:2009 European elections
7102:North East Lincolnshire
7063:Manchester City Council
6871:South Shields Town Hall
6784:Marylebone Cricket Club
6548:History of Rugby League
6534:, as well as 14 of the
6256:National Cycling Centre
6244:2002 Commonwealth Games
6082:, the precursor to the
6026:Northumbrian smallpipes
5362:Manchester Evening News
5309:The Manchester Guardian
5188:Broadband 4 Rural North
5170:internet exchange point
4912:Hitachi Newton Aycliffe
4896:Vauxhall Ellesmere Port
4875:Common Fisheries Policy
4867:exclusive economic zone
4846:Small fishing boats at
4632:Manchester Metropolitan
4568:N8 Research Partnership
4556:plateglass universities
4234:Warrington bomb attacks
4220:The region saw several
4043:Great Famine in Ireland
3948:First English Civil War
3469:and the arrival of the
3314:Iron Age and the Romans
3084:authors: the poetry of
2876:and substitution of an
2297:Salt mining in Cheshire
683:North East Lincolnshire
534:distinct from both the
19242:Elizabethan government
19107:Kingdom of East Anglia
19102:Kingdom of Northumbria
18619:Russell, Dave (2004).
18553:Jewell, Helen (1994).
18535:It's Not Grim Up North
18473:. Editions Rodopi BV.
18446:Dobson, R. B. (1996).
17919:Royle, Edward (2016).
17490:Yorkshire Evening Post
16953:. Lindisfarne.org.uk.
16497:. ECPR. p. xxix.
16468:Powell, David (2004).
14391:Spacken, Karl (2016).
13916:broadbandchoices.co.uk
13252:. HMRC. 4 March 2017.
13063:Hopkins, Alan (2008).
12994:James, Nicola (2009).
11524:Wheeler, Mark (1998).
9492:. 2006. Archived from
9408:Lyons, Arthur (2014).
8069:Carlisle Lake District
7924:
7863:. With the closure of
7820:around Manchester and
7604:Travel South Yorkshire
7539:
7527:Christian Spiritualist
7480:
7478:Princes Road Synagogue
7368:calculations of Easter
7320:
7128:British National Party
7071:Sheffield City Council
7067:Newcastle City Council
7059:Liverpool City Council
7030:
7028: Liberal Democrat
6968:The Road to Wigan Pier
6536:2019 Women's World Cup
6242:Manchester hosted the
6185:
6165:
6160:with the long-running
5975:
5952:Middle Eastern cuisine
5608:
5536:
5253:saved ITV Yorkshire's
5162:
5122:the regional average.
5077:
5027:High-tech and research
4981:
4850:
4833:Cumbria Wildlife Trust
4825:driven grouse shooting
4795:
4570:. The universities of
4554:. These six, plus the
4513:University of Bradford
4469:Creative Arts Building
4369:
4296:
4257:
4203:1984–85 miners' strike
4095:
4038:
3983:
3960:Battle of Marston Moor
3837:The Great Raid of 1322
3832:Earl of Northumberland
3826:that followed, Prince
3756:
3582:all have Norse roots.
3546:in town names such as
3462:
3425:Great Britain in 878:
3327:
3247:in Europe is found at
3236:
3088:and the novels of the
3077:
2794:local Celtic languages
2779:
2345:) and rainiest point (
1188:
1137:
1125:which drains into the
1051:
742:(the line between the
722:Other definitions use
554:, and its eastern the
19448:Rugby Football League
18931:Settlement of Britain
18640:Wales, Katie (2006).
18253:Canal and River Trust
17959:Pool, Robert (2014).
17798:Highways England 2016
17681:Highways England 2016
17576:Highways England 2016
17429:Naqshbandi, Mehmood.
17418:on 30 September 2012.
17059:. Harvard University.
16925:Magee, Brian (1938).
16417:. 18 September 2013.
16046:"Rugby League tables"
14792:Reilly, Kara (2013).
13784:. TNS. Archived from
13615:Walton, John (1978).
12613:. 30 September 2015.
11486:The Australian People
11022:Yale University Press
10602:Kirby, D. P. (1991).
10230:. Durham University.
10118:Distin, Kate (2010).
9852:"The TRAP~BATH Split"
9436:Deane, P. M. (1979).
8151:Manchester Ship Canal
8042:Liverpool John Lennon
7889:Tyne & Wear Metro
7537:Bradford Grand Mosque
7535:
7476:
7461:, represented by the
7459:Province of Liverpool
7451:Diocese of Nottingham
7447:Diocese of Shrewsbury
7398:Independent Methodist
7344:Bishop of Lindisfarne
7330:. The Holy Island of
7288:
7117:2015 general election
7113:UK Independence Party
7075:2019 general election
7035:Trades Union Congress
7009:2019 general election
7006:
6973:Manchester Liberalism
6943:and, more generally,
6776:Red Rose of Lancaster
6651:1979 New Zealand tour
6620:Rugby Football League
6171:
6152:
5969:
5884:dandelion and burdock
5806:Yorkshire Wensleydale
5606:
5593:song of the same name
5530:
5334:Hillsborough disaster
5290:Last Tango in Halifax
5183:its telephone network
5156:
5075:
4986:Big Four supermarkets
4979:
4845:
4790:Sheep, such as these
4789:
4628:Liverpool John Moores
4498:University of Chester
4367:
4291:
4278:Blackburn with Darwen
4255:
4112:interwar unemployment
4085:
4061:riots and Protestant
4029:
3988:Industrial Revolution
3973:
3966:Industrial Revolution
3824:the 1139 peace treaty
3750:
3729:Harrying of the North
3717:William the Conqueror
3424:
3321:
3231:
3224:The prehistoric North
3169:A Kestrel for a Knave
3094:children's literature
3059:
2766:
2264:seen in buildings in
1265:Hull and Humber Ports
1183:
1135:
1046:
1009:– the Yorkshire poet
878:Redcliffe-Maud Report
861:includes most of the
823:Sheffield City Region
811:North East Derbyshire
805:. More recently, the
571:Manchester Liberalism
563:Industrial Revolution
404: • Summer (
220:Liverpool City Region
19617:Geography of England
19465:Rugby Football Union
19133:House of Plantagenet
18786:at Wikimedia Commons
18691:on 10 September 2015
17412:Liverpool Daily Post
16807:"The Northern Party"
16526:Electoral Commission
16130:"Rugby Union tables"
15391:Scott, Jack (1970).
15202:Long, David (2015).
15032:British Cheese Board
14957:on 22 September 2013
14228:"Titles at a glance"
13665:Evans, Eric (2014).
13343:. 18 December 2015.
13035:. 20 December 2016.
12445:. 14 December 2016.
12280:University Histories
11163:. 24 November 2010.
10719:"Viking Place Names"
10678:Lass, Roger (1994).
10280:. 19 December 2011.
10217:, pp. 489, 497.
10038:Wallace, D. (2004).
8795:Reading the Everyday
8024:class=notpageimage|
7877:Manchester Metrolink
7831:The first passenger
7814:TransPennine Express
7804:To combat this, the
7624:integrated ticketing
7612:West Yorkshire Metro
7055:2021 local elections
6798:to claim the title.
6616:Rugby Football Union
6458:Football Association
6431:, and the next year
6328:Old Trafford Stadium
6290:Association football
6209:association football
6162:Burial of the Coffin
6030:music of Northumbria
5585:East Midlands Region
5523:"It's grim up north"
5510:families, where the
5397:Culture and identity
4998:cooperative movement
4966:hydraulic fracturing
4942:Offshore oil and gas
4926:oil refineries, the
4827:from 12 August (the
4524:University of Durham
4274:Redcar and Cleveland
3917:Council of the North
3198:between English and
3182:Northumbrian dialect
3111:Swallows and Amazons
3099:The Railway Children
3068:are immortalised in
2866:Northumbrian dialect
2749:Language and dialect
2333:with small areas of
1981:Ashton-in-Makerfield
1770:Primary settlements
1039:Geography of England
1033:Geography and cities
968:class=notpageimage|
851:part of Lincolnshire
593:remains in both the
579:accents and dialects
544:border with Scotland
526:Northern England is
346: • Density
19017:Union with Scotland
18997:English Reformation
18992:English Renaissance
18921:Anglo-Saxon England
18704:IPPR North (2016).
18675:IPPR North (2012).
18427:Cockin, K. (2012).
18170:on 11 December 2022
18063:, pp. 117–120.
17845:on 20 December 2016
17517:Telegraph and Argus
17257:Jewish Encyclopedia
17071:Mayr-Harting, Henry
16722:. 8 November 2004.
16585:(2 December 2015).
16106:. 5 November 2000.
15344:Canadian Folk Music
15262:. 6 November 2007.
14648:. 20 September 2017
13752:, pp. 239–240.
13430:, pp. 190–192.
13380:on 11 December 2022
12575:on 25 February 2021
12249:The Daily Telegraph
11913:"National identity"
11511:Roots of Employment
11392:Newcastle Chronicle
11112:, pp. 177–178.
11072:. 2 December 2014.
10901:on 25 February 2012
10865:1969GeoRv..59..403D
10853:Geographical Review
10333:Current Archaeology
10260:, pp. 480–481.
10145:, pp. 459–469.
9857:The British Library
9716:. 10 October 2016.
9694:. 10 October 2016.
9630:2005IJCli..25.1965H
9516:. 9 February 2012.
9129:"Facts and Figures"
9105:. 14 October 2015.
8842:on 21 November 2015
8793:Moran, Joe (2005).
8077:low-cost air travel
8073:Doncaster Sheffield
7885:Sheffield Supertram
7795:Cross Country Route
7793:main lines and the
7608:Nexus Tyne and Wear
7387:Primitive Methodism
7352:Lindisfarne Gospels
7328:Celtic Christianity
7318: More than 20%
7201:Religion in England
7159:regional assemblies
7132:2001 Bradford riots
6990:Manchester Guardian
6887:Liverpool Town Hall
6841:Politics of England
6825:Gentlemen v Players
6813:County Championship
6671:English Premiership
6582:Huddersfield Giants
6503:, while teams like
6268:2014 Tour de France
5940:Indian subcontinent
5903:, the bakery chain
5860:Newcastle Brown Ale
5748:Newcastle Brown Ale
5543:is associated with
5533:Durham Miners' Gala
5380:Newcastle Chronicle
5105:over the border in
5068:Leisure and tourism
4972:Retail and services
4954:Kellingley Colliery
4946:offshore wind power
4891:trade more balanced
4771:austerity programme
4738:Northern Powerhouse
4584:University Alliance
4528:redbrick university
4436:University of Leeds
4386:respiratory disease
4382:circulatory disease
4294:Liverpool Chinatown
4213:and the so-called "
4207:metropolitan county
4188:Indian subcontinent
4133:attacks during the
4116:1926 general strike
3932:Second Bishops' War
3909:Rising of the North
3897:Pilgrimage of Grace
3889:Lincolnshire Rising
3885:English Reformation
3869:Anglo-Scottish Wars
3849:Battle of Wakefield
3707:by the Anglo-Saxon
3346:of east Yorkshire.
3324:World Heritage Site
3310:raising livestock.
3265:Federmesser culture
3257:Creswellian culture
3200:immigrant languages
2914:) in words such as
2798:dialectal continuum
2767:The vowel sound in
2741:Source: Met Office
2009:Newcastle upon Tyne
1745:
1553:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1198:Newcastle upon Tyne
627:ceremonial counties
611:statistical regions
501:statistical regions
286:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
92:Constituent country
19627:Regions of England
19546:Saint George's Day
19138:House of Lancaster
18949:Kingdom of England
18850:History of England
18755:. Guardian Books.
18517:. John Benjamins.
18429:The Literary North
18110:Airport Technology
17897:. 1 September 2010
17435:Muslims in Britain
17056:History of England
16449:. 12 December 2019
15900:Tate, Tim (2013).
15610:Dobre-Laza, Mona.
15363:Folk Music Journal
15206:. Michael O'Mara.
14622:. 6 September 2007
14596:. 26 November 2014
13940:. 25 August 2016.
13700:Reviews in History
13406:on 18 January 2017
13075:on 29 October 2016
12975:. 14 December 2016
12949:on 10 January 2016
11883:"Country of birth"
11708:King, Ray (2006),
11252:Barrow Dock Museum
10947:Kingship and Unity
10278:University of York
10246:radiocarbon dating
10120:Cultural Evolution
10011:(26 August 2016).
9813:Accents of English
9284:on 9 February 2007
8688:on 4 November 2016
8092:Air Passenger Duty
8090:The devolution of
7845:a heritage tramway
7736:Oldham Bus Station
7658:became the modern
7540:
7489:Edict of Expulsion
7481:
7433:Archbishop of York
7410:Particular Baptist
7321:
7294: Less than 3%
7273:Archbishop of York
7271:Cathedrals of the
7069:, and only one on
7047:Conservative Party
7031:
7022: Conservative
6901:Bradford City Hall
6780:White Rose of York
6743:Headingley Stadium
6258:, headquarters of
6186:
6184:for a local derby.
6166:
6037:British brass band
6018:Lancashire bagpipe
5976:
5609:
5569:Greater Manchester
5541:it's grim up north
5537:
5512:woman of the house
5432:Angel of the North
5385:The Yorkshire Post
5314:The Yorkshire Post
5190:in Lancashire and
5177:, while in nearby
5163:
5149:Telecommunications
5078:
5017:financial services
5013:corporate services
5002:Co-operative Group
4982:
4851:
4796:
4572:Central Lancashire
4370:
4346:non-denominational
4318:variety of Chinese
4297:
4258:
4096:
4039:
4033:, now part of the
3984:
3934:, and at the 1640
3873:Berwick-upon-Tweed
3783:. The 7th-century
3757:
3721:Battle of Hastings
3463:
3371:Britannia Inferior
3328:
3237:
3163:This Sporting Life
3142:Jeanette Winterson
3086:William Wordsworth
3078:
2851:and across to the
2780:
2375:Clean Air Act 1956
2173:Kingston upon Hull
2159:Kingston upon Hull
2149:Houghton-le-Spring
1779:Greater Manchester
1740:
1710:Greater Manchester
1676:Greater Manchester
1642:Greater Manchester
1626:Greater Manchester
1587:Kingston upon Hull
1574:Greater Manchester
1490:Greater Manchester
1249:Central Lancashire
1194:Kingston upon Hull
1189:
1138:
1121:: a large area of
1052:
827:Bassetlaw District
730:, Northumberland,
679:North Lincolnshire
647:Greater Manchester
619:North West England
615:North East England
591:North–South divide
583:Industrial decline
546:, its western the
481:Anglo-Scandinavian
338: • Total
325: • Total
291:Kingston upon Hull
215:Greater Manchester
151:Greater Manchester
119:North West England
115:North East England
19594:
19593:
19561:
19560:
19485:
19484:
19391:Science education
19384:Church of England
19265:
19264:
19212:
19211:
19151:
19150:
19117:Kingdom of Sussex
19112:Kingdom of Mercia
18964:Wars of the Roses
18782:Media related to
18762:978-0-85265-113-1
18744:The North Country
18653:978-0-511-48707-1
18632:978-0-7190-5178-4
18611:978-0-415-67455-3
18590:978-0-09-191022-8
18566:978-0-7190-3804-4
18545:978-0-563-52281-2
18524:978-90-272-6767-2
18503:978-1-134-41786-5
18480:978-90-420-2281-2
18459:978-1-85285-120-0
18452:. A&C Black.
18438:978-1-137-02687-3
18357:"Newcastle Ferry"
18316:"Liverpool Ferry"
18234:978-0-8476-6013-1
18209:978-0-7190-0839-9
17930:978-1-84966-570-4
17781:978-0-7277-2712-1
17756:978-1-86134-555-4
17731:978-2-88124-796-5
17667:978-0-7112-2446-9
17637:on 27 August 2017
17392:978-0-521-34767-9
17134:978-1-135-83645-0
17109:978-0-567-66246-0
17084:978-0-271-03851-3
17039:978-0-19-870256-6
16842:The Social Review
16675:978-1-317-93854-5
16627:978-0-415-46500-7
16504:978-1-907301-35-3
16479:978-0-415-35106-5
16364:978-1-349-00435-5
16339:978-0-7546-5000-3
16283:978-1-4464-2247-2
16254:978-1-136-80290-4
16203:978-1-4481-6274-1
16170:978-0-415-33185-2
15886:978-0-85323-639-9
15856:on 21 August 2014
15835:978-1-84513-054-1
15807:978-0-14-101582-8
15748:on 2 October 2018
15487:978-1-4481-8249-7
15462:978-1-139-82795-9
15213:978-1-78243-441-2
15129:978-0-470-13884-7
15105:978-0-19-280681-9
15013:978-1-60358-412-8
14803:978-1-137-31967-8
14769:978-1-107-47140-5
14741:978-0-674-53075-1
14481:978-1-921775-30-7
14444:978-1-4381-0500-0
14354:, pp. 87–88.
14183:978-1-349-19952-5
14126:. 9 August 2007.
13977:on 26 August 2017
13817:. 21 April 2015.
13764:, pp. 65–68.
13736:978-0-215-02841-9
13676:978-1-317-87371-6
13651:978-1-84563-093-5
13626:978-0-7190-0723-1
13281:. SQW. 1 May 2016
13006:on 24 August 2011
12742:on 2 October 2018
12704:978-1-134-30608-4
12163:on 5 January 2016
11725:978-0-9552621-0-4
11627:978-1-4129-1236-5
11560:978-1-136-03688-0
11535:978-0-88099-192-6
11495:978-0-521-80789-0
11341:978-0-85323-939-0
11316:978-1-135-83561-3
11291:978-0-297-86594-0
11002:Pevsner, Nikolaus
10956:978-1-4744-0183-8
10931:978-1-139-57650-5
10841:, pp. 86–88.
10825:978-0-7129-0701-9
10759:978-0-8240-4787-0
10704:978-0-14-194153-0
10664:978-1-107-05859-0
10634:on 27 August 2009
10613:978-1-134-54813-2
10588:978-0-19-821731-2
10563:978-1-4381-2918-1
10535:978-1-4438-0470-7
10510:978-0-521-30199-2
10436:978-0-470-99885-4
10399:978-1-78570-538-0
10335:. 6 August 2013.
10314:978-1-4738-5103-0
10307:. Pen and Sword.
10129:978-0-521-18971-2
10074:978-0-14-195803-3
10049:978-0-230-50594-0
9921:, pp. 83–85.
9909:, pp. 85–86.
9897:, pp. 12–13.
9885:, pp. 11–12.
9822:978-0-521-28540-7
9785:978-0-19-869274-4
9624:(15): 1965–1978.
9568:Winsford Guardian
9478:978-0-415-14098-0
9447:978-0-521-29609-0
9419:978-1-317-66736-0
9316:on 5 January 2016
9229:978-0-7190-5028-2
8931:, pp. 18–19.
8903:978-0-14-192397-0
8804:978-0-415-31709-2
8764:The North Country
8723:978-3-11-020839-9
8714:The British Isles
8616:, pp. 15–16.
8601:, pp. 13–14.
8586:, pp. 20–22.
8316:Explanatory notes
8189:Port of Liverpool
8146:Grand Trunk Canal
7873:Blackpool Tramway
7865:Sheffield Tramway
7779:steam locomotives
7771:Act of Parliament
7767:Middleton Railway
7581:freight transport
7548:Abdullah Quilliam
7425:Church of England
7414:Jehovah's Witness
7383:religious revival
7379:Irish immigration
7087:Liberal Democrats
6998:Peterloo Massacre
6675:Doncaster Knights
6667:Newcastle Falcons
6493:Manchester United
6433:Preston North End
6425:Blackburn Olympic
6324:Manchester United
6272:Tour de Yorkshire
6182:Wakefield Trinity
6154:Preston North End
6131:Battle of Britpop
6049:radical agitation
6022:Yorkshire bagpipe
5967:
5916:escalope Parmesan
5839:, and the fruity
5782:Lancashire hotpot
5778:Yorkshire pudding
5718:Lancashire Hotpot
5673:designer clothing
5670:mainland European
5487:Elizabeth Gaskell
5390:The Northern Echo
5234:Coronation Street
5058:health technology
5056:, online retail,
4988:in the UK, two –
4914:train plant, the
4904:Nissan Sunderland
4873:and the European
4679:gross value added
4515:Richmond Building
4402:COVID-19 pandemic
4230:M62 coach bombing
4199:Margaret Thatcher
4143:Barrow-in-Furness
4021:Barrow-in-Furness
3893:Bigod's Rebellion
3845:Wars of the Roses
3828:Henry of Scotland
3393:(Manchester) and
3261:Lower Allithwaite
3134:Catherine Cookson
3105:The Secret Garden
2938:
2934:
2926:because they are
2903:
2899:
2840:(Liverpool) and
2745:
2744:
2339:sunshine duration
2283:Rich deposits of
2268:, the cream-buff
2233:Natural resources
2230:
2229:
2141:Chester-Le-Street
1869:Newton-le-Willows
1841:Ashton-under-Lyne
1767:
1761:
1744:
1718:
1717:
1119:Humberhead Levels
825:, along with the
552:border with Wales
484:Kingdom of Jorvik
438:historic counties
423:
422:
16:(Redirected from
19634:
19612:Cultural regions
19607:Northern England
19574:
19536:Royal supporters
19337:Landscape garden
19307:Country clothing
19280:
19279:
19276:
19275:
19223:
19222:
19162:
19161:
19097:Kingdom of Essex
18860:Local government
18835:
18834:
18814:
18807:
18800:
18791:
18790:
18784:Northern England
18781:
18766:
18747:
18729:
18727:
18725:
18719:
18712:
18700:
18698:
18696:
18690:
18683:
18671:
18669:
18657:
18636:
18615:
18594:
18570:
18549:
18528:
18507:
18495:
18484:
18463:
18442:
18413:
18412:
18410:
18408:
18402:
18394:
18388:
18387:
18385:
18383:
18364:
18353:
18347:
18346:
18344:
18342:
18323:
18312:
18301:
18295:
18294:
18292:
18290:
18284:
18276:
18270:
18269:
18267:
18265:
18244:
18238:
18237:
18220:
18214:
18213:
18189:
18180:
18179:
18177:
18175:
18169:
18164:. Archived from
18153:
18147:
18146:
18144:
18142:
18127:
18121:
18120:
18118:
18116:
18101:
18095:
18094:
18092:
18090:
18070:
18064:
18058:
18052:
18051:
18049:
18047:
18032:
18026:
18025:
18023:
18021:
18010:
18001:
18000:
17998:
17996:
17990:
17982:
17976:
17975:
17973:
17971:
17956:
17950:
17949:
17941:
17935:
17934:
17916:
17907:
17906:
17904:
17902:
17887:
17881:
17880:
17878:
17876:
17861:
17855:
17854:
17852:
17850:
17835:
17829:
17828:
17826:
17824:
17812:
17801:
17795:
17786:
17785:
17767:
17761:
17760:
17742:
17736:
17735:
17717:
17711:
17710:
17708:
17706:
17690:
17684:
17678:
17672:
17671:
17658:Great North Road
17653:
17647:
17646:
17644:
17642:
17636:
17629:
17621:
17615:
17614:
17612:
17610:
17604:
17597:
17588:
17579:
17573:
17567:
17566:
17564:
17562:
17542:
17533:
17532:
17530:
17528:
17508:
17502:
17501:
17499:
17497:
17480:
17474:
17473:
17471:
17469:
17450:
17448:
17446:
17426:
17420:
17419:
17414:. Archived from
17403:
17397:
17396:
17378:
17372:
17371:
17369:
17367:
17347:
17341:
17340:
17338:
17336:
17316:
17310:
17309:
17306:Rich Inheritance
17301:
17295:
17294:
17292:
17290:
17279:
17273:
17272:
17270:
17268:
17249:
17243:
17242:
17240:
17238:
17223:
17217:
17211:
17205:
17203:
17201:
17199:
17184:
17169:
17168:
17166:
17164:
17145:
17139:
17138:
17120:
17114:
17113:
17095:
17089:
17088:
17067:
17061:
17060:
17050:
17044:
17043:
17025:
17019:
17018:
17016:
17014:
16999:
16993:
16992:
16990:
16988:
16973:
16967:
16966:
16964:
16962:
16947:
16941:
16940:
16922:
16916:
16915:
16913:
16911:
16895:
16887:
16881:
16880:
16878:
16876:
16859:
16853:
16852:
16850:
16848:
16833:
16827:
16826:
16824:
16822:
16803:
16797:
16796:
16794:
16792:
16783:. 2 April 2015.
16773:
16767:
16766:
16764:
16762:
16742:
16736:
16735:
16733:
16731:
16712:
16706:
16705:
16703:
16701:
16686:
16680:
16679:
16661:
16655:
16654:
16638:
16632:
16631:
16613:
16607:
16606:
16604:
16602:
16579:
16573:
16572:
16570:
16568:
16548:
16542:
16541:
16539:
16537:
16518:
16509:
16508:
16490:
16484:
16483:
16465:
16459:
16458:
16456:
16454:
16437:
16431:
16430:
16428:
16426:
16407:
16401:
16400:
16398:
16396:
16390:
16383:
16375:
16369:
16368:
16350:
16344:
16343:
16325:
16319:
16318:
16316:
16314:
16294:
16288:
16287:
16266:
16260:
16258:
16240:
16234:
16233:
16231:
16229:
16214:
16208:
16207:
16186:
16175:
16174:
16156:
16145:
16144:
16142:
16140:
16126:
16120:
16119:
16117:
16115:
16096:
16090:
16089:
16087:
16085:
16070:
16061:
16060:
16058:
16056:
16042:
16036:
16035:
16033:
16031:
16015:
16007:
16001:
15991:
15989:
15987:
15972:
15966:
15965:
15957:
15951:
15949:
15947:
15945:
15925:
15916:
15915:
15897:
15891:
15890:
15872:
15866:
15865:
15863:
15861:
15846:
15840:
15839:
15821:
15812:
15811:
15793:
15784:
15783:
15781:
15779:
15764:
15758:
15757:
15755:
15753:
15734:
15728:
15727:
15725:
15723:
15708:
15702:
15701:
15699:
15697:
15682:
15676:
15670:
15664:
15663:
15661:
15659:
15648:
15642:
15641:
15633:
15631:
15629:
15623:
15616:
15607:
15598:
15597:
15589:
15583:
15582:
15580:
15578:
15562:
15553:
15552:
15550:
15548:
15528:
15522:
15521:
15519:
15517:
15498:
15492:
15491:
15473:
15467:
15466:
15448:
15442:
15441:
15439:
15437:
15417:
15411:
15410:
15408:
15406:
15388:
15379:
15378:
15358:
15352:
15351:
15339:
15333:
15332:
15330:
15328:
15308:
15302:
15301:
15299:
15297:
15282:
15276:
15275:
15273:
15271:
15250:
15244:
15243:
15241:
15239:
15224:
15218:
15217:
15199:
15193:
15192:
15190:
15188:
15173:
15167:
15166:
15164:
15162:
15148:
15140:
15134:
15133:
15115:
15109:
15108:
15087:
15081:
15080:
15078:
15076:
15054:
15048:
15047:
15045:
15043:
15024:
15018:
15017:
14999:
14993:
14992:
14990:
14988:
14973:
14967:
14966:
14964:
14962:
14956:
14948:Official Journal
14945:
14937:
14931:
14930:
14928:
14926:
14906:
14897:
14896:
14894:
14892:
14877:
14871:
14870:
14868:
14866:
14847:
14841:
14840:
14838:
14836:
14814:
14808:
14807:
14789:
14783:
14780:
14774:
14773:
14755:
14746:
14745:
14721:
14715:
14714:
14702:
14691:
14690:
14688:
14686:
14672:
14664:
14658:
14657:
14655:
14653:
14638:
14632:
14631:
14629:
14627:
14612:
14606:
14605:
14603:
14601:
14586:
14580:
14579:
14577:
14575:
14561:
14553:
14547:
14546:
14544:
14542:
14523:
14517:
14516:
14514:
14512:
14492:
14486:
14485:
14467:
14461:
14455:
14449:
14448:
14430:
14424:
14423:
14397:
14388:
14382:
14376:
14370:
14364:
14355:
14349:
14343:
14342:
14340:
14338:
14318:
14309:
14308:
14306:
14304:
14298:
14290:
14281:
14280:
14278:
14276:
14262:
14254:
14248:
14247:
14245:
14243:
14224:
14218:
14217:
14215:
14213:
14204:. 28 July 2016.
14194:
14188:
14187:
14169:
14163:
14162:
14146:
14140:
14139:
14137:
14135:
14120:"Magnetic South"
14116:
14107:
14106:
14104:
14102:
14082:
14076:
14075:
14073:
14071:
14051:
14045:
14044:
14042:
14040:
14024:
14018:
14017:
14015:
14013:
13993:
13987:
13986:
13984:
13982:
13976:
13970:. Archived from
13969:
13960:
13954:
13953:
13951:
13949:
13930:
13924:
13923:
13907:
13901:
13900:
13898:
13896:
13876:
13870:
13864:
13858:
13857:
13855:
13853:
13837:
13831:
13830:
13828:
13826:
13807:
13801:
13800:
13798:
13796:
13790:
13779:
13771:
13765:
13759:
13753:
13747:
13741:
13740:
13722:
13716:
13715:
13713:
13711:
13690:Walton, John K.
13687:
13681:
13680:
13662:
13656:
13655:
13637:
13631:
13630:
13612:
13606:
13605:
13603:
13601:
13590:
13584:
13583:
13581:
13579:
13560:
13554:
13548:
13542:
13541:
13539:
13537:
13517:
13511:
13510:
13508:
13506:
13492:
13484:
13471:
13468:
13462:
13461:
13459:
13457:
13437:
13431:
13425:
13416:
13415:
13413:
13411:
13396:
13390:
13389:
13387:
13385:
13379:
13374:. Archived from
13363:
13357:
13356:
13354:
13352:
13333:
13327:
13326:
13324:
13322:
13317:on 13 March 2017
13316:
13308:The Journal Live
13305:
13297:
13291:
13290:
13288:
13286:
13280:
13272:
13266:
13265:
13263:
13261:
13242:
13233:
13232:
13230:
13228:
13208:
13202:
13201:
13199:
13197:
13178:
13169:
13168:
13166:
13164:
13144:
13138:
13137:
13135:
13133:
13118:
13112:
13111:
13109:
13107:
13091:
13085:
13084:
13082:
13080:
13071:. Archived from
13060:
13049:
13048:
13046:
13044:
13025:
13016:
13015:
13013:
13011:
13002:. Archived from
12991:
12985:
12984:
12982:
12980:
12965:
12959:
12958:
12956:
12954:
12948:
12941:
12932:
12923:
12922:
12920:
12918:
12909:
12900:
12894:
12893:
12891:
12889:
12869:
12863:
12862:
12860:
12858:
12838:
12832:
12831:
12819:
12813:
12812:
12810:
12808:
12799:. 18 July 2002.
12789:
12783:
12782:
12780:
12778:
12758:
12752:
12751:
12749:
12747:
12738:. Archived from
12727:
12721:
12715:
12709:
12708:
12690:
12681:
12680:
12678:
12676:
12656:
12650:
12649:
12647:
12645:
12625:
12619:
12618:
12603:
12597:
12591:
12585:
12584:
12582:
12580:
12574:
12568:. Archived from
12567:
12558:
12552:
12551:
12549:
12547:
12527:
12521:
12520:
12518:
12516:
12496:
12490:
12489:
12487:
12485:
12465:
12459:
12458:
12456:
12454:
12435:
12429:
12419:
12413:
12412:
12410:
12408:
12388:
12382:
12381:
12379:
12377:
12362:
12356:
12355:
12353:
12351:
12342:
12333:
12327:
12326:
12324:
12322:
12313:
12309:"The Power of 8"
12305:
12296:
12295:
12293:
12291:
12271:
12265:
12264:
12262:
12260:
12246:
12238:
12232:
12231:
12229:
12227:
12212:
12203:
12202:
12200:
12198:
12182:
12173:
12172:
12170:
12168:
12162:
12155:
12146:
12140:
12139:
12137:
12135:
12115:
12109:
12108:
12106:
12104:
12085:
12079:
12078:
12076:
12074:
12055:
12049:
12048:
12046:
12044:
12029:
12023:
12022:
12020:
12018:
12003:
11994:
11993:
11991:
11989:
11970:
11964:
11963:
11961:
11959:
11939:
11933:
11932:
11930:
11928:
11909:
11903:
11902:
11900:
11898:
11879:
11873:
11872:
11870:
11868:
11848:
11842:
11841:
11839:
11837:
11823:
11817:
11816:
11814:
11812:
11798:
11792:
11791:
11789:
11787:
11773:
11765:
11759:
11758:
11756:
11754:
11735:
11729:
11728:
11705:
11699:
11698:
11696:
11694:
11674:
11668:
11667:
11665:
11663:
11643:
11632:
11631:
11613:
11607:
11601:
11595:
11594:
11592:
11590:
11571:
11565:
11564:
11546:
11540:
11539:
11521:
11515:
11514:
11506:
11500:
11499:
11481:
11472:
11471:
11469:
11467:
11456:British Heritage
11447:
11441:
11440:
11438:
11436:
11431:on 12 March 2017
11430:
11417:
11408:
11407:
11405:
11403:
11383:
11377:
11376:
11374:
11372:
11352:
11346:
11345:
11327:
11321:
11320:
11302:
11296:
11295:
11274:
11268:
11267:
11265:
11263:
11244:
11238:
11237:
11235:
11233:
11213:
11207:
11206:
11204:
11202:
11193:. 8 March 2013.
11183:
11177:
11176:
11174:
11172:
11153:
11147:
11146:
11144:
11142:
11122:
11113:
11107:
11101:
11100:
11092:
11086:
11085:
11083:
11081:
11062:
11056:
11055:
11053:
11051:
11032:
11026:
11025:
10998:
10992:
10991:
10989:
10987:
10967:
10961:
10960:
10942:
10936:
10935:
10917:
10911:
10910:
10908:
10906:
10891:
10885:
10884:
10848:
10842:
10836:
10830:
10829:
10817:
10807:
10798:
10797:
10795:
10793:
10773:
10764:
10763:
10745:
10739:
10738:
10736:
10734:
10715:
10709:
10708:
10690:
10684:
10683:
10675:
10669:
10668:
10650:
10644:
10643:
10641:
10639:
10624:
10618:
10617:
10599:
10593:
10592:
10574:
10568:
10567:
10549:
10540:
10539:
10521:
10515:
10514:
10496:
10490:
10489:
10482:
10476:
10475:
10467:
10461:
10447:
10441:
10440:
10422:
10416:
10415:, p. 23–27.
10410:
10404:
10403:
10385:
10379:
10378:
10376:
10374:
10355:
10349:
10348:
10346:
10344:
10325:
10319:
10318:
10300:
10294:
10293:
10291:
10289:
10270:
10261:
10255:
10249:
10243:
10241:
10239:
10224:
10218:
10212:
10206:
10205:
10203:
10201:
10187:Historic England
10183:
10177:
10176:
10174:
10172:
10157:
10146:
10140:
10134:
10133:
10115:
10109:
10108:
10106:
10104:
10085:
10079:
10078:
10060:
10054:
10053:
10035:
10029:
10028:
10026:
10024:
10005:
9999:
9998:
9996:
9994:
9974:
9965:
9959:
9953:
9952:
9950:
9948:
9928:
9922:
9916:
9910:
9904:
9898:
9892:
9886:
9880:
9874:
9873:
9871:
9869:
9848:
9842:
9836:
9827:
9826:
9808:
9802:
9796:
9790:
9789:
9769:
9763:
9762:
9760:
9758:
9739:
9730:
9729:
9727:
9725:
9707:
9705:
9703:
9684:
9675:
9674:
9672:
9670:
9656:
9650:
9649:
9638:10.1002/joc.1276
9609:
9603:
9602:
9585:
9579:
9578:
9576:
9574:
9559:
9553:
9552:
9536:
9530:
9529:
9527:
9525:
9505:
9503:
9501:
9496:on 15 March 2017
9490:Waterwise.org.uk
9486:"Water Hardness"
9482:
9458:
9452:
9451:
9433:
9424:
9423:
9405:
9399:
9397:
9395:
9393:
9379:
9373:
9372:
9370:
9368:
9353:
9347:
9346:
9344:
9342:
9332:
9326:
9325:
9323:
9321:
9315:
9308:
9300:
9294:
9293:
9291:
9289:
9280:. Archived from
9278:The Northern Way
9270:
9264:
9263:
9261:
9259:
9240:
9234:
9233:
9215:
9209:
9208:
9206:
9204:
9184:
9175:
9174:
9172:
9170:
9155:
9149:
9148:
9146:
9144:
9125:
9119:
9118:
9116:
9114:
9095:
9089:
9088:
9086:
9084:
9073:"National Parks"
9069:
9063:
9062:
9060:
9058:
9047:
9032:
9031:
9029:
9027:
9005:
8999:
8998:
8996:
8994:
8974:
8963:
8962:
8960:
8958:
8938:
8932:
8926:
8920:
8914:
8908:
8907:
8894:All Points North
8889:
8883:
8882:
8880:
8878:
8858:
8852:
8851:
8849:
8847:
8838:. Archived from
8827:
8821:
8815:
8809:
8808:
8790:
8784:
8778:
8772:
8771:
8759:
8753:
8752:
8750:
8748:
8734:
8728:
8727:
8709:
8698:
8697:
8695:
8693:
8684:. Archived from
8673:
8667:
8666:
8664:
8662:
8648:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8637:
8623:
8617:
8611:
8602:
8596:
8587:
8581:
8575:
8574:
8572:
8570:
8555:
8549:
8544:
8538:
8537:
8532:
8530:
8516:
8510:
8509:
8507:
8505:
8493:
8472:
8469:
8463:
8460:
8454:
8451:
8445:
8442:
8436:
8433:
8427:
8424:
8418:
8399:
8393:
8382:
8376:
8365:
8359:
8358:ONS definition.
8356:
8350:
8347:
8341:
8338:
8332:
8325:
8295:Southern England
8238:
8224:
8193:Roll-on/roll-off
8121:
8107:
8067:closed in 2014,
8012:
7998:
7984:
7970:
7956:
7942:
7935:
7914:
7900:
7746:
7732:
7656:Great North Road
7592:public transport
7556:Indian religions
7429:Province of York
7317:
7311:
7305:
7299:
7293:
7256:
7238:
7227:
7218:
7174:North East Party
7027:
7021:
7015:
6953:Friedrich Engels
6927:
6913:
6897:
6883:
6867:
6857:Bolton Town Hall
6853:
6735:
6717:
6705:Riverside Ground
6697:
6679:RFU Championship
6598:
6586:Kirklees Stadium
6578:
6560:
6513:Newcastle United
6505:Blackburn Rovers
6465:women's football
6402:rather than the
6382:Newcastle United
6378:
6358:
6340:
6320:
6302:
6092:Cabaret Voltaire
6078:to England, and
6074:, which brought
5996:
5984:
5972:Scarborough Fair
5968:
5920:Italian-American
5798:Swaledale cheese
5744:
5730:
5714:
5696:
5500:straight-talking
5472:
5458:
5442:
5428:
5414:
5196:Mobile broadband
5143:domestic tourism
5135:cultural tourism
5119:package holidays
5099:Wirral Peninsula
5054:Game development
5006:online retailers
4829:Glorious Twelfth
4821:Heather moorland
4715:Sheffield Hallam
4675:percentage point
4640:Sheffield Hallam
4582:are part of the
4509:
4494:
4478:
4463:
4447:
4432:
4406:excess mortality
4228:, including the
4176:New Commonwealth
4135:Second World War
4108:Great Depression
4009:Bessemer process
3879:Early modern era
3841:Robert the Bruce
3799:. A significant
3709:Harold Godwinson
3691:
3677:
3667:Lancaster Castle
3663:
3647:
3633:
3617:
3607:Carlisle Citadel
3603:
3456:
3447:
3438:
3429:
3381:). Eboracum and
3233:Rudston Monolith
3138:Beryl Bainbridge
2990:in phrases like
2988:rhotic consonant
2976:
2971:or occasionally
2969:
2955:definite article
2936:
2932:
2924:Scottish accents
2901:
2897:
2650:
2381:
2380:
2354:prevailing winds
2307:in Cheshire and
2101:Stockton-on-Tees
1765:
1759:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1404:
1394:
1351:
1341:
1295:
1283:
1282:
1241:The Northern Way
1214:Wirral Peninsula
1080:North York Moors
956:
942:
928:
914:
900:
893:
865:and part of the
819:Derbyshire Dales
712:
700:
540:Southern England
488:Brythonic Celtic
430:North of England
426:Northern England
409:
208:Devolved regions
103:
101:
100:
93:
83:
81:
80:
61:
48:Northern England
44:
43:
41:Place in England
21:
19642:
19641:
19637:
19636:
19635:
19633:
19632:
19631:
19597:
19596:
19595:
19590:
19577:
19570:
19557:
19531:Royal standards
19481:
19400:
19261:
19208:
19147:
19121:
19085:
19059:
19026:
19002:Elizabethan era
18968:
18954:Norman Conquest
18937:
18889:
18875:English society
18824:
18818:
18774:
18769:
18763:
18737:
18735:Further reading
18732:
18723:
18721:
18720:on 17 June 2022
18717:
18710:
18694:
18692:
18688:
18681:
18667:
18654:
18633:
18612:
18591:
18583:. Ebury Press.
18575:Maconie, Stuart
18567:
18546:
18525:
18504:
18481:
18460:
18439:
18422:
18417:
18416:
18406:
18404:
18400:
18396:
18395:
18391:
18381:
18379:
18366:
18355:
18354:
18350:
18340:
18338:
18327:"Heysham Ferry"
18325:
18314:
18303:
18302:
18298:
18288:
18286:
18282:
18278:
18277:
18273:
18263:
18261:
18246:
18245:
18241:
18235:
18221:
18217:
18210:
18190:
18183:
18173:
18171:
18162:Financial Times
18154:
18150:
18140:
18138:
18128:
18124:
18114:
18112:
18102:
18098:
18088:
18086:
18071:
18067:
18061:IPPR North 2012
18059:
18055:
18045:
18043:
18034:
18033:
18029:
18019:
18017:
18012:
18011:
18004:
17994:
17992:
17988:
17984:
17983:
17979:
17969:
17967:
17957:
17953:
17946:Transport World
17942:
17938:
17931:
17917:
17910:
17900:
17898:
17889:
17888:
17884:
17874:
17872:
17862:
17858:
17848:
17846:
17837:
17836:
17832:
17822:
17820:
17813:
17804:
17796:
17789:
17782:
17768:
17764:
17757:
17743:
17739:
17732:
17718:
17714:
17704:
17702:
17691:
17687:
17679:
17675:
17668:
17654:
17650:
17640:
17638:
17634:
17627:
17623:
17622:
17618:
17608:
17606:
17602:
17595:
17589:
17582:
17574:
17570:
17560:
17558:
17543:
17536:
17526:
17524:
17509:
17505:
17495:
17493:
17481:
17477:
17467:
17465:
17452:
17444:
17442:
17427:
17423:
17404:
17400:
17393:
17379:
17375:
17365:
17363:
17348:
17344:
17334:
17332:
17317:
17313:
17302:
17298:
17288:
17286:
17280:
17276:
17266:
17264:
17251:
17250:
17246:
17236:
17234:
17225:
17224:
17220:
17212:
17208:
17197:
17195:
17186:
17185:
17172:
17162:
17160:
17147:
17146:
17142:
17135:
17121:
17117:
17110:
17096:
17092:
17085:
17068:
17064:
17051:
17047:
17040:
17026:
17022:
17012:
17010:
17001:
17000:
16996:
16986:
16984:
16975:
16974:
16970:
16960:
16958:
16949:
16948:
16944:
16923:
16919:
16909:
16907:
16899:The Independent
16888:
16884:
16874:
16872:
16860:
16856:
16846:
16844:
16834:
16830:
16820:
16818:
16805:
16804:
16800:
16790:
16788:
16775:
16774:
16770:
16760:
16758:
16743:
16739:
16729:
16727:
16714:
16713:
16709:
16699:
16697:
16687:
16683:
16676:
16662:
16658:
16639:
16635:
16628:
16614:
16610:
16600:
16598:
16591:Daily Telegraph
16580:
16576:
16566:
16564:
16549:
16545:
16535:
16533:
16520:
16519:
16512:
16505:
16491:
16487:
16480:
16466:
16462:
16452:
16450:
16439:
16438:
16434:
16424:
16422:
16409:
16408:
16404:
16394:
16392:
16388:
16381:
16377:
16376:
16372:
16365:
16351:
16347:
16340:
16326:
16322:
16312:
16310:
16295:
16291:
16284:
16267:
16263:
16255:
16241:
16237:
16227:
16225:
16215:
16211:
16204:
16187:
16178:
16171:
16157:
16148:
16138:
16136:
16128:
16127:
16123:
16113:
16111:
16098:
16097:
16093:
16083:
16081:
16071:
16064:
16054:
16052:
16044:
16043:
16039:
16029:
16027:
16019:The Independent
16008:
16004:
15985:
15983:
15973:
15969:
15958:
15954:
15943:
15941:
15934:Daily Telegraph
15926:
15919:
15912:
15898:
15894:
15887:
15873:
15869:
15859:
15857:
15848:
15847:
15843:
15836:
15822:
15815:
15808:
15794:
15787:
15777:
15775:
15766:
15765:
15761:
15751:
15749:
15736:
15735:
15731:
15721:
15719:
15709:
15705:
15695:
15693:
15683:
15679:
15671:
15667:
15657:
15655:
15649:
15645:
15627:
15625:
15621:
15614:
15608:
15601:
15590:
15586:
15576:
15574:
15563:
15556:
15546:
15544:
15529:
15525:
15515:
15513:
15506:British Council
15500:
15499:
15495:
15488:
15474:
15470:
15463:
15449:
15445:
15435:
15433:
15418:
15414:
15404:
15402:
15389:
15382:
15359:
15355:
15340:
15336:
15326:
15324:
15309:
15305:
15295:
15293:
15284:
15283:
15279:
15269:
15267:
15252:
15251:
15247:
15237:
15235:
15234:. 2 August 2017
15226:
15225:
15221:
15214:
15200:
15196:
15186:
15184:
15174:
15170:
15160:
15158:
15151:The Independent
15141:
15137:
15130:
15116:
15112:
15106:
15098:, p. 703,
15088:
15084:
15074:
15072:
15057:Wilson, Carol.
15055:
15051:
15041:
15039:
15026:
15025:
15021:
15014:
15000:
14996:
14986:
14984:
14975:
14974:
14970:
14960:
14958:
14954:
14943:
14939:
14938:
14934:
14924:
14922:
14907:
14900:
14890:
14888:
14878:
14874:
14864:
14862:
14849:
14848:
14844:
14834:
14832:
14815:
14811:
14804:
14790:
14786:
14781:
14777:
14770:
14756:
14749:
14742:
14722:
14718:
14703:
14694:
14684:
14682:
14665:
14661:
14651:
14649:
14640:
14639:
14635:
14625:
14623:
14614:
14613:
14609:
14599:
14597:
14588:
14587:
14583:
14573:
14571:
14554:
14550:
14540:
14538:
14533:. 9 July 2016.
14525:
14524:
14520:
14510:
14508:
14493:
14489:
14482:
14468:
14464:
14456:
14452:
14445:
14431:
14427:
14395:
14389:
14385:
14377:
14373:
14365:
14358:
14350:
14346:
14336:
14334:
14319:
14312:
14302:
14300:
14296:
14292:
14291:
14284:
14274:
14272:
14265:The Independent
14255:
14251:
14241:
14239:
14226:
14225:
14221:
14211:
14209:
14196:
14195:
14191:
14184:
14170:
14166:
14147:
14143:
14133:
14131:
14118:
14117:
14110:
14100:
14098:
14083:
14079:
14069:
14067:
14052:
14048:
14038:
14036:
14025:
14021:
14011:
14009:
13994:
13990:
13980:
13978:
13974:
13967:
13961:
13957:
13947:
13945:
13932:
13931:
13927:
13908:
13904:
13894:
13892:
13877:
13873:
13867:IPPR North 2012
13865:
13861:
13851:
13849:
13838:
13834:
13824:
13822:
13809:
13808:
13804:
13794:
13792:
13791:on 8 March 2021
13788:
13777:
13773:
13772:
13768:
13760:
13756:
13748:
13744:
13737:
13723:
13719:
13709:
13707:
13688:
13684:
13677:
13663:
13659:
13652:
13638:
13634:
13627:
13613:
13609:
13599:
13597:
13591:
13587:
13577:
13575:
13562:
13561:
13557:
13549:
13545:
13535:
13533:
13518:
13514:
13504:
13502:
13495:Financial Times
13485:
13474:
13469:
13465:
13455:
13453:
13438:
13434:
13428:IPPR North 2012
13426:
13419:
13409:
13407:
13400:"Leeds economy"
13398:
13397:
13393:
13383:
13381:
13372:Financial Times
13364:
13360:
13350:
13348:
13335:
13334:
13330:
13320:
13318:
13314:
13303:
13299:
13298:
13294:
13284:
13282:
13278:
13274:
13273:
13269:
13259:
13257:
13244:
13243:
13236:
13226:
13224:
13209:
13205:
13195:
13193:
13179:
13172:
13162:
13160:
13145:
13141:
13131:
13129:
13120:
13119:
13115:
13105:
13103:
13092:
13088:
13078:
13076:
13061:
13052:
13042:
13040:
13027:
13026:
13019:
13009:
13007:
12992:
12988:
12978:
12976:
12967:
12966:
12962:
12952:
12950:
12946:
12939:
12935:Ward, Michael.
12933:
12926:
12916:
12914:
12907:
12901:
12897:
12887:
12885:
12878:Financial Times
12870:
12866:
12856:
12854:
12847:Daily Telegraph
12839:
12835:
12820:
12816:
12806:
12804:
12791:
12790:
12786:
12776:
12774:
12759:
12755:
12745:
12743:
12728:
12724:
12716:
12712:
12705:
12691:
12684:
12674:
12672:
12657:
12653:
12643:
12641:
12626:
12622:
12605:
12604:
12600:
12594:IPPR North 2016
12592:
12588:
12578:
12576:
12572:
12565:
12559:
12555:
12545:
12543:
12528:
12524:
12514:
12512:
12497:
12493:
12483:
12481:
12466:
12462:
12452:
12450:
12437:
12436:
12432:
12420:
12416:
12406:
12404:
12389:
12385:
12375:
12373:
12363:
12359:
12349:
12347:
12340:
12334:
12330:
12320:
12318:
12311:
12307:
12306:
12299:
12289:
12287:
12272:
12268:
12258:
12256:
12239:
12235:
12225:
12223:
12213:
12206:
12196:
12194:
12183:
12176:
12166:
12164:
12160:
12153:
12147:
12143:
12133:
12131:
12124:Daily Telegraph
12116:
12112:
12102:
12100:
12099:on 4 March 2017
12087:
12086:
12082:
12072:
12070:
12065:. 24 May 2012.
12057:
12056:
12052:
12042:
12040:
12031:
12030:
12026:
12016:
12014:
12005:
12004:
11997:
11987:
11985:
11972:
11971:
11967:
11957:
11955:
11940:
11936:
11926:
11924:
11911:
11910:
11906:
11896:
11894:
11881:
11880:
11876:
11866:
11864:
11849:
11845:
11835:
11833:
11825:
11824:
11820:
11810:
11808:
11800:
11799:
11795:
11785:
11783:
11776:Financial Times
11766:
11762:
11752:
11750:
11745:. 31 May 2012.
11737:
11736:
11732:
11726:
11706:
11702:
11692:
11690:
11675:
11671:
11661:
11659:
11644:
11635:
11628:
11614:
11610:
11602:
11598:
11588:
11586:
11573:
11572:
11568:
11561:
11547:
11543:
11536:
11522:
11518:
11507:
11503:
11496:
11482:
11475:
11465:
11463:
11448:
11444:
11434:
11432:
11428:
11418:
11411:
11401:
11399:
11384:
11380:
11370:
11368:
11353:
11349:
11342:
11328:
11324:
11317:
11303:
11299:
11292:
11275:
11271:
11261:
11259:
11246:
11245:
11241:
11231:
11229:
11214:
11210:
11200:
11198:
11185:
11184:
11180:
11170:
11168:
11155:
11154:
11150:
11140:
11138:
11123:
11116:
11108:
11104:
11093:
11089:
11079:
11077:
11064:
11063:
11059:
11049:
11047:
11034:
11033:
11029:
11006:Richmond, Ian A
10999:
10995:
10985:
10983:
10976:The Independent
10968:
10964:
10957:
10943:
10939:
10932:
10918:
10914:
10904:
10902:
10893:
10892:
10888:
10849:
10845:
10837:
10833:
10826:
10808:
10801:
10791:
10789:
10774:
10767:
10760:
10746:
10742:
10732:
10730:
10717:
10716:
10712:
10705:
10691:
10687:
10676:
10672:
10665:
10651:
10647:
10637:
10635:
10626:
10625:
10621:
10614:
10600:
10596:
10589:
10575:
10571:
10564:
10550:
10543:
10536:
10522:
10518:
10511:
10497:
10493:
10484:
10483:
10479:
10468:
10464:
10448:
10444:
10437:
10423:
10419:
10411:
10407:
10400:
10386:
10382:
10372:
10370:
10357:
10356:
10352:
10342:
10340:
10327:
10326:
10322:
10315:
10301:
10297:
10287:
10285:
10272:
10271:
10264:
10256:
10252:
10237:
10235:
10226:
10225:
10221:
10213:
10209:
10199:
10197:
10184:
10180:
10170:
10168:
10167:on 29 July 2014
10159:
10158:
10149:
10141:
10137:
10130:
10116:
10112:
10102:
10100:
10087:
10086:
10082:
10075:
10061:
10057:
10050:
10036:
10032:
10022:
10020:
10006:
10002:
9992:
9990:
9975:
9968:
9960:
9956:
9946:
9944:
9937:Daily Telegraph
9929:
9925:
9917:
9913:
9905:
9901:
9893:
9889:
9881:
9877:
9867:
9865:
9850:
9849:
9845:
9837:
9830:
9823:
9809:
9805:
9797:
9793:
9786:
9770:
9766:
9756:
9754:
9741:
9740:
9733:
9723:
9721:
9708:
9701:
9699:
9686:
9685:
9678:
9668:
9666:
9658:
9657:
9653:
9610:
9606:
9589:Blenkinsop, Tom
9586:
9582:
9572:
9570:
9560:
9556:
9537:
9533:
9523:
9521:
9507:
9499:
9497:
9484:
9479:
9459:
9455:
9448:
9434:
9427:
9420:
9406:
9402:
9391:
9389:
9381:
9380:
9376:
9366:
9364:
9354:
9350:
9340:
9338:
9334:
9333:
9329:
9319:
9317:
9313:
9306:
9302:
9301:
9297:
9287:
9285:
9272:
9271:
9267:
9257:
9255:
9250:. 27 May 2015.
9242:
9241:
9237:
9230:
9216:
9212:
9202:
9200:
9185:
9178:
9168:
9166:
9156:
9152:
9142:
9140:
9135:. 24 May 2005.
9127:
9126:
9122:
9112:
9110:
9097:
9096:
9092:
9082:
9080:
9071:
9070:
9066:
9056:
9054:
9048:
9035:
9025:
9023:
9021:
9007:
9006:
9002:
8992:
8990:
8983:Daily Telegraph
8975:
8966:
8956:
8954:
8939:
8935:
8927:
8923:
8915:
8911:
8904:
8890:
8886:
8876:
8874:
8859:
8855:
8845:
8843:
8828:
8824:
8816:
8812:
8805:
8791:
8787:
8779:
8775:
8760:
8756:
8746:
8744:
8736:
8735:
8731:
8724:
8710:
8701:
8691:
8689:
8674:
8670:
8660:
8658:
8650:
8649:
8645:
8635:
8633:
8625:
8624:
8620:
8612:
8605:
8597:
8590:
8584:IPPR North 2012
8582:
8578:
8568:
8566:
8556:
8552:
8545:
8541:
8528:
8526:
8518:
8517:
8513:
8503:
8501:
8494:
8490:
8485:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8466:
8461:
8457:
8452:
8448:
8443:
8439:
8434:
8430:
8425:
8421:
8400:
8396:
8383:
8379:
8366:
8362:
8357:
8353:
8348:
8344:
8339:
8335:
8326:
8322:
8318:
8310:West of England
8251:
8244:
8239:
8230:
8225:
8134:
8127:
8122:
8113:
8108:
8085:COVID lockdowns
8081:Great Recession
8030:
8029:
8028:
8026:
8020:
8019:
8018:
8017:
8013:
8005:
8004:
8003:
7999:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7985:
7977:
7976:
7975:
7971:
7963:
7962:
7961:
7957:
7949:
7948:
7947:
7943:
7927:
7920:
7915:
7906:
7901:
7869:Glasgow Tramway
7781:; and the 1830
7759:
7752:
7747:
7738:
7733:
7636:Preston By-pass
7632:
7576:
7503:was the second
7471:
7402:United Reformed
7364:Synod of Whitby
7319:
7315:
7313:
7309:
7307:
7303:
7301:
7297:
7295:
7291:
7283:
7282:
7281:
7280:
7275:(Anglican) and
7268:
7267:
7266:
7257:
7249:
7248:
7239:
7230:
7229:
7228:
7220:
7219:
7208:
7203:
7197:
7170:Yorkshire Party
7138:elected at the
7106:East of England
7029:
7025:
7023:
7019:
7017:
7013:
7000:in Manchester.
6937:
6936:
6935:
6934:
6933:
6928:
6920:
6919:
6914:
6905:
6904:
6903:
6898:
6890:
6889:
6884:
6875:
6874:
6873:
6868:
6860:
6859:
6854:
6843:
6837:
6774:(named for the
6749:
6748:
6747:
6746:
6745:
6736:
6728:
6727:
6718:
6709:
6708:
6707:
6698:
6687:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6609:
6608:
6599:
6590:
6589:
6588:
6579:
6571:
6570:
6561:
6550:
6544:
6497:Manchester City
6454:Football League
6400:Sheffield Rules
6392:
6391:
6390:
6389:
6388:
6379:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6359:
6351:
6350:
6348:Anfield Stadium
6341:
6332:
6331:
6330:
6321:
6313:
6312:
6306:Manchester City
6303:
6292:
6280:Great North Run
6276:UCI Europe Tour
6260:British Cycling
6147:
6045:Napoleonic Wars
6000:
5997:
5988:
5985:
5962:
5960:
5813:Cheshire cheese
5754:
5753:
5752:
5751:
5750:
5745:
5737:
5736:
5734:Cheshire cheese
5731:
5722:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5707:
5706:
5697:
5686:
5601:
5525:
5492:North and South
5482:
5481:
5480:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5465:
5464:
5459:
5450:
5449:
5448:
5443:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5421:
5420:
5418:Blackpool Tower
5415:
5406:
5405:
5399:
5374:Hull Daily Mail
5330:ongoing boycott
5299:
5237:in Manchester,
5223:in Salford and
5217:
5212:
5159:fibre broadband
5151:
5091:North Yorkshire
5070:
5029:
4974:
4887:
4784:
4762:
4727:negative equity
4707:Golden Triangle
4699:Golden Triangle
4667:
4520:
4519:
4518:
4517:
4516:
4510:
4502:
4501:
4500:Bluecoat School
4495:
4486:
4485:
4484:
4479:
4471:
4470:
4464:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4440:
4439:
4433:
4422:
4374:life expectancy
4362:
4348:Christian, 12%
4326:
4286:
4250:
4224:attacks during
4194:and Sheffield.
4100:First World War
4080:
3968:
3944:Long Parliament
3936:Treaty of Ripon
3903:. His daughter
3881:
3765:Fountains Abbey
3753:Fountains Abbey
3725:Norman Conquest
3705:Harald Hardrada
3701:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3697:
3692:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3670:
3669:
3664:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3648:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3625:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3595:
3594:
3588:
3461:
3454:
3452:
3445:
3443:
3436:
3434:
3427:
3419:
3316:
3292:Yorkshire Wolds
3226:
3221:
3190:Yan Tan Tethera
3178:
3176:Other languages
3151:Room at the Top
3146:angry young men
3130:Winifred Holtby
3054:
2974:
2967:
2906:, and a common
2786:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2648:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2347:Seathwaite Fell
2331:oceanic climate
2327:
2321:
2278:very soft water
2235:
1719:
1472:North Yorkshire
1456:South Yorkshire
1438:North Yorkshire
1405:
1399:
1395:
1352:
1346:
1342:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1178:
1170:Northern Forest
1146:Yorkshire Dales
1041:
1035:
974:
973:
972:
970:
964:
963:
962:
961:
957:
949:
948:
947:
943:
935:
934:
933:
929:
921:
920:
919:
915:
907:
906:
905:
901:
849:. The historic
779:Nottinghamshire
724:historic county
720:
719:
718:
717:
716:
713:
705:
704:
701:
667:South Yorkshire
663:North Yorkshire
607:
587:service economy
472:era borders of
403:
315:
262:
261:
249:
230:South Yorkshire
203:
163:(northern part)
98:
96:
91:
78:
76:
73:Sovereign state
68:
52:
49:
42:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
19640:
19630:
19629:
19624:
19619:
19614:
19609:
19592:
19591:
19589:
19588:
19583:
19576:
19575:
19567:
19566:
19563:
19562:
19559:
19558:
19556:
19555:
19550:
19549:
19548:
19538:
19533:
19528:
19523:
19518:
19517:
19516:
19506:
19501:
19495:
19493:
19487:
19486:
19483:
19482:
19480:
19479:
19474:
19473:
19472:
19467:
19457:
19456:
19455:
19450:
19440:
19439:
19438:
19433:
19423:
19422:
19421:
19410:
19408:
19402:
19401:
19399:
19398:
19393:
19388:
19387:
19386:
19376:
19375:
19374:
19364:
19359:
19357:Middle England
19354:
19349:
19344:
19339:
19334:
19329:
19324:
19319:
19314:
19309:
19304:
19299:
19294:
19289:
19283:
19273:
19267:
19266:
19263:
19262:
19260:
19259:
19254:
19249:
19244:
19239:
19238:
19237:
19226:
19220:
19214:
19213:
19210:
19209:
19207:
19206:
19201:
19196:
19191:
19186:
19181:
19176:
19171:
19165:
19159:
19153:
19152:
19149:
19148:
19146:
19145:
19140:
19135:
19129:
19127:
19123:
19122:
19120:
19119:
19114:
19109:
19104:
19099:
19093:
19091:
19090:Prior Kingdoms
19087:
19086:
19084:
19083:
19078:
19073:
19067:
19065:
19061:
19060:
19058:
19057:
19052:
19047:
19042:
19036:
19034:
19028:
19027:
19025:
19024:
19019:
19014:
19009:
19004:
18999:
18994:
18989:
18984:
18978:
18976:
18970:
18969:
18967:
18966:
18961:
18959:Angevin Empire
18956:
18951:
18945:
18943:
18939:
18938:
18936:
18935:
18934:
18933:
18928:
18923:
18913:
18908:
18903:
18897:
18895:
18891:
18890:
18888:
18887:
18885:United Kingdom
18882:
18877:
18872:
18867:
18862:
18857:
18852:
18847:
18841:
18839:
18832:
18826:
18825:
18823: articles
18817:
18816:
18809:
18802:
18794:
18788:
18787:
18773:
18772:External links
18770:
18768:
18767:
18761:
18748:
18738:
18736:
18733:
18731:
18730:
18701:
18672:
18658:
18652:
18637:
18631:
18616:
18610:
18595:
18589:
18571:
18565:
18550:
18544:
18529:
18523:
18508:
18502:
18485:
18479:
18464:
18458:
18443:
18437:
18423:
18421:
18418:
18415:
18414:
18389:
18372:Direct Ferries
18348:
18331:Direct Ferries
18296:
18271:
18239:
18233:
18215:
18208:
18181:
18148:
18122:
18096:
18065:
18053:
18027:
18002:
17977:
17951:
17948:. p. 154.
17936:
17929:
17908:
17882:
17856:
17830:
17819:. Rail Journal
17802:
17787:
17780:
17762:
17755:
17737:
17730:
17712:
17685:
17683:, p. 8–9.
17673:
17666:
17648:
17616:
17580:
17568:
17534:
17503:
17475:
17421:
17398:
17391:
17373:
17342:
17311:
17296:
17274:
17259:. March 2010.
17244:
17218:
17206:
17170:
17140:
17133:
17115:
17108:
17090:
17083:
17062:
17045:
17038:
17020:
16994:
16968:
16942:
16917:
16882:
16854:
16828:
16798:
16768:
16737:
16707:
16681:
16674:
16656:
16633:
16626:
16608:
16574:
16543:
16510:
16503:
16485:
16478:
16460:
16432:
16402:
16370:
16363:
16345:
16338:
16320:
16289:
16282:
16261:
16253:
16235:
16209:
16202:
16176:
16169:
16146:
16121:
16091:
16062:
16037:
16002:
15967:
15952:
15917:
15910:
15904:. John Blake.
15892:
15885:
15867:
15841:
15834:
15813:
15806:
15785:
15759:
15729:
15703:
15677:
15665:
15643:
15599:
15584:
15554:
15523:
15493:
15486:
15468:
15461:
15443:
15412:
15380:
15369:(2): 127–147.
15353:
15334:
15303:
15277:
15245:
15219:
15212:
15194:
15168:
15135:
15128:
15110:
15104:
15082:
15049:
15019:
15012:
14994:
14968:
14932:
14898:
14872:
14842:
14809:
14802:
14784:
14775:
14768:
14747:
14740:
14716:
14711:Yorkshire Post
14692:
14659:
14633:
14607:
14581:
14548:
14518:
14487:
14480:
14462:
14450:
14443:
14425:
14383:
14371:
14369:, p. 111.
14356:
14344:
14310:
14282:
14249:
14219:
14189:
14182:
14164:
14141:
14108:
14077:
14046:
14019:
13988:
13955:
13925:
13902:
13871:
13869:, p. 184.
13859:
13832:
13802:
13766:
13754:
13742:
13735:
13717:
13682:
13675:
13657:
13650:
13632:
13625:
13607:
13585:
13570:. 3 May 2016.
13555:
13553:, p. 115.
13543:
13512:
13472:
13463:
13432:
13417:
13391:
13358:
13328:
13292:
13267:
13234:
13217:Chronicle Live
13203:
13170:
13153:Yorkshire Post
13139:
13128:. 15 July 2018
13113:
13086:
13050:
13017:
12986:
12960:
12924:
12895:
12864:
12833:
12814:
12784:
12753:
12722:
12720:, p. 227.
12710:
12703:
12682:
12651:
12620:
12598:
12586:
12553:
12522:
12491:
12460:
12430:
12414:
12383:
12357:
12328:
12297:
12266:
12233:
12221:Medical Xpress
12204:
12174:
12141:
12110:
12080:
12050:
12024:
11995:
11974:"Ethnic Group"
11965:
11934:
11904:
11874:
11843:
11831:www.ons.gov.uk
11818:
11806:www.ons.gov.uk
11793:
11760:
11730:
11724:
11700:
11669:
11633:
11626:
11608:
11596:
11566:
11559:
11541:
11534:
11516:
11501:
11494:
11473:
11442:
11420:Herson, John.
11409:
11378:
11347:
11340:
11322:
11315:
11297:
11290:
11278:Hunt, Tristram
11269:
11239:
11208:
11178:
11148:
11114:
11102:
11087:
11057:
11027:
11024:. p. 173.
11014:Northumberland
10993:
10962:
10955:
10937:
10930:
10912:
10886:
10873:10.2307/213484
10859:(3): 403–416.
10843:
10831:
10824:
10799:
10765:
10758:
10740:
10710:
10703:
10685:
10670:
10663:
10645:
10619:
10612:
10594:
10587:
10569:
10562:
10541:
10534:
10516:
10509:
10491:
10477:
10462:
10442:
10435:
10417:
10405:
10398:
10380:
10350:
10320:
10313:
10295:
10262:
10250:
10219:
10207:
10178:
10147:
10135:
10128:
10110:
10080:
10073:
10055:
10048:
10030:
10000:
9966:
9964:, p. 218.
9954:
9923:
9911:
9899:
9887:
9875:
9843:
9828:
9821:
9803:
9791:
9784:
9764:
9731:
9676:
9651:
9604:
9580:
9554:
9531:
9477:
9453:
9446:
9425:
9418:
9400:
9374:
9348:
9327:
9295:
9265:
9235:
9228:
9210:
9176:
9150:
9120:
9090:
9079:on 5 June 2014
9064:
9033:
9019:
9000:
8964:
8933:
8921:
8909:
8902:
8884:
8867:Sheffield Star
8853:
8836:Stoke Sentinel
8822:
8810:
8803:
8785:
8773:
8766:. London, UK:
8754:
8729:
8722:
8699:
8668:
8643:
8618:
8603:
8588:
8576:
8550:
8539:
8511:
8487:
8486:
8484:
8481:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8473:
8464:
8455:
8446:
8437:
8428:
8419:
8394:
8377:
8360:
8351:
8342:
8333:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8313:
8312:
8307:
8302:
8297:
8292:
8287:
8282:
8280:Greater London
8277:
8272:
8267:
8262:
8257:
8250:
8247:
8246:
8245:
8240:
8233:
8231:
8226:
8219:
8133:
8130:
8129:
8128:
8123:
8116:
8114:
8109:
8102:
8096:spoke airports
8046:Leeds Bradford
8022:
8021:
8015:
8014:
8007:
8006:
8001:
8000:
7993:
7992:
7987:
7986:
7979:
7978:
7973:
7972:
7965:
7964:
7959:
7958:
7951:
7950:
7945:
7944:
7937:
7936:
7930:
7929:
7928:
7926:
7923:
7922:
7921:
7916:
7909:
7907:
7902:
7895:
7763:rail transport
7758:
7755:
7754:
7753:
7748:
7741:
7739:
7734:
7727:
7689:, snicket and
7631:
7628:
7575:
7572:
7470:
7467:
7418:Salvation Army
7356:Saint Cuthbert
7314:
7308:
7302:
7296:
7290:
7270:
7269:
7258:
7251:
7250:
7240:
7233:
7232:
7231:
7222:
7221:
7213:
7212:
7211:
7210:
7209:
7207:
7204:
7196:
7193:
7178:Northern Party
7121:vote splitting
7024:
7018:
7012:
6931:Hull Guildhall
6929:
6922:
6921:
6915:
6908:
6907:
6906:
6899:
6892:
6891:
6885:
6878:
6877:
6876:
6869:
6862:
6861:
6855:
6848:
6847:
6846:
6845:
6844:
6836:
6833:
6756:county cricket
6737:
6730:
6729:
6721:Lancashire CCC
6719:
6712:
6711:
6710:
6699:
6692:
6691:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6659:2022–23 season
6602:Wigan Warriors
6600:
6593:
6592:
6591:
6580:
6573:
6572:
6562:
6555:
6554:
6553:
6552:
6551:
6543:
6542:Rugby football
6540:
6532:2018 World Cup
6501:Premier League
6481:2022–23 season
6396:Sheffield F.C.
6386:St James' Park
6380:
6373:
6372:
6371:
6360:
6353:
6352:
6342:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6322:
6315:
6314:
6304:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6294:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:in the world.
6237:ferret legging
6197:public schools
6146:
6143:
6129:and the 1990s
6111:Arctic Monkeys
6088:electronic pop
6041:military bands
6002:
6001:
5998:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5979:
5959:
5956:
5876:temperance bar
5746:
5739:
5738:
5732:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5716:
5709:
5708:
5700:Fish and chips
5698:
5691:
5690:
5689:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5666:casual clobber
5600:
5597:
5524:
5521:
5489:'s 1855 novel
5474:
5467:
5466:
5460:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5436:
5430:
5423:
5422:
5416:
5409:
5408:
5407:
5403:
5402:
5401:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5368:Liverpool Echo
5298:
5295:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5150:
5147:
5069:
5066:
5028:
5025:
4973:
4970:
4958:open-pit mines
4908:Leyland Trucks
4886:
4883:
4783:
4780:
4761:
4758:
4697:. Yorkshire's
4671:service sector
4666:
4663:
4624:Liverpool Hope
4511:
4504:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4472:
4465:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4361:
4358:
4350:Roman Catholic
4325:
4322:
4285:
4282:
4249:
4246:
4178:", especially
4172:slum clearance
4104:interwar years
4079:
4076:
4072:British Empire
3974:Salts Mill in
3967:
3964:
3939:King Charles I
3899:, all against
3880:
3877:
3809:ethnic enclave
3695:Chester Castle
3693:
3686:
3685:
3679:
3672:
3671:
3665:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3641:
3637:Appleby Castle
3635:
3628:
3627:
3626:
3621:Alnwick Castle
3619:
3612:
3611:
3605:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3453:
3444:
3435:
3426:
3418:
3415:
3403:Hadrian's Wall
3315:
3312:
3249:Creswell Crags
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3177:
3174:
3144:. Many of the
3126:social realism
3116:Poets Laureate
3090:Brontë sisters
3053:
3050:
2824:(Manchester),
2808:(Lancashire),
2782:Main article:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2696:sunshine hours
2691:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2423:
2420:
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2379:
2320:
2317:
2254:Millstone grit
2242:Great Northern
2234:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2145:Hetton-le-Hole
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1944:
1940:
1939:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1879:West Yorkshire
1876:
1872:
1871:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1524:West Yorkshire
1521:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1506:West Yorkshire
1503:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1388:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1367:West Yorkshire
1364:
1359:
1356:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1177:
1174:
1103:fluvio-glacial
1034:
1031:
1011:Simon Armitage
999:Stoke-on-Trent
966:
965:
959:
958:
951:
950:
945:
944:
937:
936:
931:
930:
923:
922:
918:Stoke-on-Trent
917:
916:
909:
908:
903:
902:
895:
894:
888:
887:
886:
882:North Midlands
843:its BBC region
835:BBC North West
769:Some areas of
764:BBC North West
714:
707:
706:
702:
695:
694:
693:
692:
691:
675:West Yorkshire
659:Northumberland
606:
603:
575:heavy industry
567:trade unionism
458:Northumberland
421:
420:
410:
400:
399:
389:
383:
382:
379:
373:
372:
369:
362:
361:
358:
351:
350:
347:
343:
342:
339:
335:
334:
330:
329:
326:
322:
321:
317:
316:
314:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
259:
258:
257:
255:
251:
250:
248:
247:
242:
240:West Yorkshire
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
211:
209:
205:
204:
202:
201:
179:
174:
172:Northumberland
169:
164:
158:
153:
148:
143:
138:
132:
130:
126:
125:
112:
108:
107:
94:
88:
87:
85:United Kingdom
74:
70:
69:
62:
54:
53:
50:
47:
40:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
19639:
19628:
19625:
19623:
19620:
19618:
19615:
19613:
19610:
19608:
19605:
19604:
19602:
19587:
19584:
19582:
19579:
19578:
19573:
19569:
19568:
19564:
19554:
19551:
19547:
19544:
19543:
19542:
19539:
19537:
19534:
19532:
19529:
19527:
19524:
19522:
19519:
19515:
19514:national flag
19512:
19511:
19510:
19507:
19505:
19502:
19500:
19497:
19496:
19494:
19492:
19488:
19478:
19475:
19471:
19470:national team
19468:
19466:
19463:
19462:
19461:
19458:
19454:
19453:national team
19451:
19449:
19446:
19445:
19444:
19441:
19437:
19436:national team
19434:
19432:
19429:
19428:
19427:
19424:
19420:
19419:national team
19417:
19416:
19415:
19412:
19411:
19409:
19407:
19403:
19397:
19394:
19392:
19389:
19385:
19382:
19381:
19380:
19377:
19373:
19370:
19369:
19368:
19365:
19363:
19360:
19358:
19355:
19353:
19350:
19348:
19345:
19343:
19340:
19338:
19335:
19333:
19330:
19328:
19325:
19323:
19320:
19318:
19315:
19313:
19310:
19308:
19305:
19303:
19300:
19298:
19295:
19293:
19290:
19288:
19287:Afternoon tea
19285:
19284:
19281:
19277:
19274:
19272:
19268:
19258:
19255:
19253:
19250:
19248:
19245:
19243:
19240:
19236:
19233:
19232:
19231:
19228:
19227:
19224:
19221:
19219:
19215:
19205:
19202:
19200:
19197:
19195:
19192:
19190:
19187:
19185:
19182:
19180:
19177:
19175:
19172:
19170:
19167:
19166:
19163:
19160:
19158:
19154:
19144:
19143:House of York
19141:
19139:
19136:
19134:
19131:
19130:
19128:
19124:
19118:
19115:
19113:
19110:
19108:
19105:
19103:
19100:
19098:
19095:
19094:
19092:
19088:
19082:
19079:
19077:
19074:
19072:
19069:
19068:
19066:
19062:
19056:
19053:
19051:
19050:Edwardian era
19048:
19046:
19045:Victorian era
19043:
19041:
19038:
19037:
19035:
19033:
19029:
19023:
19020:
19018:
19015:
19013:
19010:
19008:
19005:
19003:
19000:
18998:
18995:
18993:
18990:
18988:
18987:Stuart period
18985:
18983:
18980:
18979:
18977:
18975:
18971:
18965:
18962:
18960:
18957:
18955:
18952:
18950:
18947:
18946:
18944:
18940:
18932:
18929:
18927:
18924:
18922:
18919:
18918:
18917:
18914:
18912:
18909:
18907:
18906:Roman Britain
18904:
18902:
18899:
18898:
18896:
18892:
18886:
18883:
18881:
18880:British Isles
18878:
18876:
18873:
18871:
18868:
18866:
18863:
18861:
18858:
18856:
18853:
18851:
18848:
18846:
18843:
18842:
18840:
18836:
18833:
18831:
18827:
18822:
18815:
18810:
18808:
18803:
18801:
18796:
18795:
18792:
18785:
18780:
18776:
18775:
18764:
18758:
18754:
18749:
18745:
18740:
18739:
18716:
18709:
18708:
18702:
18687:
18680:
18679:
18673:
18666:
18665:
18659:
18655:
18649:
18645:
18644:
18638:
18634:
18628:
18624:
18623:
18617:
18613:
18607:
18603:
18602:
18596:
18592:
18586:
18582:
18581:
18576:
18572:
18568:
18562:
18558:
18557:
18551:
18547:
18541:
18538:. BBC Books.
18537:
18536:
18530:
18526:
18520:
18516:
18515:
18509:
18505:
18499:
18496:. Routledge.
18494:
18493:
18486:
18482:
18476:
18472:
18471:
18465:
18461:
18455:
18451:
18450:
18444:
18440:
18434:
18430:
18425:
18424:
18399:
18393:
18377:
18373:
18369:
18362:
18358:
18352:
18336:
18332:
18328:
18321:
18317:
18310:
18306:
18300:
18281:
18275:
18259:
18255:
18254:
18249:
18243:
18236:
18230:
18226:
18219:
18211:
18205:
18201:
18197:
18196:
18188:
18186:
18168:
18163:
18159:
18152:
18137:
18133:
18126:
18111:
18107:
18100:
18084:
18080:
18076:
18069:
18062:
18057:
18041:
18037:
18031:
18015:
18009:
18007:
17987:
17981:
17966:
17962:
17955:
17947:
17940:
17932:
17926:
17922:
17915:
17913:
17896:
17892:
17886:
17871:
17867:
17860:
17844:
17840:
17834:
17818:
17811:
17809:
17807:
17800:, p. 16.
17799:
17794:
17792:
17783:
17777:
17773:
17766:
17758:
17752:
17748:
17741:
17733:
17727:
17723:
17716:
17700:
17696:
17689:
17682:
17677:
17669:
17663:
17659:
17652:
17633:
17626:
17620:
17601:
17594:
17587:
17585:
17578:, p. 15.
17577:
17572:
17556:
17552:
17548:
17541:
17539:
17522:
17518:
17514:
17507:
17492:
17491:
17486:
17479:
17463:
17459:
17455:
17440:
17436:
17432:
17425:
17417:
17413:
17409:
17402:
17394:
17388:
17384:
17377:
17361:
17357:
17353:
17346:
17330:
17326:
17322:
17315:
17307:
17300:
17285:
17278:
17262:
17258:
17254:
17248:
17232:
17228:
17222:
17215:
17210:
17193:
17189:
17183:
17181:
17179:
17177:
17175:
17158:
17154:
17150:
17144:
17136:
17130:
17127:. Routledge.
17126:
17119:
17111:
17105:
17101:
17094:
17086:
17080:
17076:
17072:
17066:
17058:
17057:
17049:
17041:
17035:
17031:
17024:
17008:
17005:. BBC.co.uk.
17004:
16998:
16983:on 2 May 2009
16982:
16978:
16972:
16956:
16952:
16946:
16938:
16934:
16930:
16929:
16921:
16905:
16901:
16900:
16894:
16886:
16871:
16870:
16869:New Statesman
16865:
16858:
16843:
16839:
16832:
16816:
16812:
16811:Registrations
16808:
16802:
16786:
16782:
16778:
16772:
16756:
16752:
16751:Buzzfeed News
16748:
16741:
16725:
16721:
16717:
16711:
16696:
16695:BuzzFeed News
16692:
16685:
16677:
16671:
16668:. Routledge.
16667:
16660:
16652:
16648:
16644:
16637:
16629:
16623:
16619:
16612:
16596:
16592:
16588:
16584:
16583:Farage, Nigel
16578:
16562:
16558:
16557:New Statesman
16554:
16547:
16531:
16527:
16523:
16517:
16515:
16506:
16500:
16496:
16489:
16481:
16475:
16471:
16464:
16448:
16447:
16442:
16436:
16420:
16416:
16415:The Economist
16412:
16406:
16387:
16380:
16374:
16366:
16360:
16356:
16349:
16341:
16335:
16331:
16324:
16308:
16304:
16300:
16293:
16285:
16279:
16275:
16271:
16270:Hughes, Simon
16265:
16256:
16250:
16246:
16239:
16224:
16220:
16213:
16205:
16199:
16195:
16191:
16185:
16183:
16181:
16172:
16166:
16162:
16155:
16153:
16151:
16135:
16131:
16125:
16109:
16105:
16101:
16095:
16080:
16076:
16069:
16067:
16051:
16047:
16041:
16025:
16021:
16020:
16014:
16006:
15999:
15995:
15982:
15978:
15971:
15963:
15956:
15939:
15935:
15931:
15924:
15922:
15913:
15911:9781782196860
15907:
15903:
15896:
15888:
15882:
15878:
15871:
15855:
15851:
15845:
15837:
15831:
15827:
15820:
15818:
15809:
15803:
15799:
15792:
15790:
15773:
15769:
15763:
15747:
15743:
15739:
15733:
15718:
15714:
15707:
15692:
15688:
15681:
15675:, p. 49.
15674:
15669:
15654:
15647:
15639:
15634:Adapted from
15620:
15613:
15606:
15604:
15596:. p. 54.
15595:
15588:
15572:
15568:
15561:
15559:
15542:
15538:
15534:
15527:
15511:
15507:
15503:
15497:
15489:
15483:
15479:
15472:
15464:
15458:
15454:
15447:
15431:
15427:
15423:
15416:
15400:
15396:
15395:
15387:
15385:
15376:
15372:
15368:
15364:
15357:
15349:
15345:
15338:
15322:
15318:
15314:
15307:
15291:
15287:
15281:
15265:
15261:
15260:
15255:
15249:
15233:
15229:
15223:
15215:
15209:
15205:
15198:
15183:
15182:New Statesman
15179:
15172:
15156:
15152:
15147:
15139:
15131:
15125:
15121:
15114:
15107:
15101:
15097:
15093:
15086:
15070:
15066:
15065:
15064:BBC Good Food
15060:
15053:
15037:
15033:
15029:
15028:"Wensleydale"
15023:
15015:
15009:
15005:
14998:
14982:
14978:
14972:
14953:
14949:
14942:
14936:
14920:
14916:
14912:
14905:
14903:
14887:
14883:
14876:
14860:
14856:
14852:
14846:
14830:
14826:
14825:
14820:
14813:
14805:
14799:
14795:
14788:
14779:
14771:
14765:
14761:
14754:
14752:
14743:
14737:
14733:
14729:
14728:
14720:
14712:
14708:
14701:
14699:
14697:
14680:
14676:
14675:The Telegraph
14671:
14663:
14647:
14643:
14637:
14621:
14617:
14611:
14595:
14591:
14585:
14569:
14565:
14564:The Telegraph
14560:
14552:
14536:
14532:
14528:
14522:
14506:
14502:
14498:
14491:
14483:
14477:
14473:
14466:
14460:, p. 39.
14459:
14454:
14446:
14440:
14436:
14429:
14421:
14417:
14413:
14409:
14405:
14401:
14394:
14387:
14380:
14375:
14368:
14363:
14361:
14353:
14348:
14332:
14328:
14327:Press Gazette
14324:
14317:
14315:
14295:
14289:
14287:
14270:
14266:
14261:
14253:
14237:
14233:
14229:
14223:
14207:
14203:
14199:
14193:
14185:
14179:
14175:
14168:
14160:
14156:
14155:New Statesman
14152:
14145:
14129:
14125:
14124:The Economist
14121:
14115:
14113:
14096:
14092:
14088:
14081:
14065:
14061:
14057:
14050:
14034:
14030:
14023:
14007:
14003:
13999:
13992:
13973:
13966:
13959:
13943:
13939:
13938:New Statesman
13935:
13929:
13921:
13917:
13913:
13906:
13890:
13886:
13882:
13875:
13868:
13863:
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13806:
13787:
13783:
13776:
13770:
13763:
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13751:
13746:
13738:
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13728:
13721:
13705:
13701:
13697:
13695:
13686:
13678:
13672:
13668:
13661:
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13647:
13643:
13636:
13628:
13622:
13618:
13611:
13596:
13589:
13573:
13569:
13565:
13559:
13552:
13547:
13531:
13527:
13523:
13516:
13500:
13496:
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13479:
13477:
13467:
13451:
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13443:
13436:
13429:
13424:
13422:
13405:
13401:
13395:
13378:
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13362:
13346:
13342:
13338:
13332:
13313:
13309:
13302:
13296:
13277:
13271:
13255:
13251:
13250:UK Trade Info
13247:
13241:
13239:
13222:
13218:
13214:
13207:
13191:
13187:
13184:
13177:
13175:
13158:
13154:
13150:
13143:
13127:
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13117:
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13097:
13090:
13074:
13070:
13066:
13059:
13057:
13055:
13038:
13034:
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13024:
13022:
13005:
13001:
12997:
12990:
12974:
12970:
12964:
12945:
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12931:
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12913:
12906:
12899:
12883:
12879:
12875:
12868:
12852:
12848:
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12837:
12829:
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12818:
12802:
12798:
12794:
12788:
12772:
12768:
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12757:
12741:
12737:
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12726:
12719:
12714:
12706:
12700:
12696:
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12670:
12666:
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12655:
12639:
12635:
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12616:
12612:
12608:
12602:
12595:
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12571:
12564:
12557:
12541:
12537:
12533:
12526:
12510:
12506:
12502:
12495:
12479:
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12471:
12464:
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12159:
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11983:
11979:
11975:
11969:
11953:
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11908:
11892:
11888:
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11862:
11858:
11854:
11847:
11832:
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11822:
11807:
11803:
11797:
11781:
11777:
11772:
11764:
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11734:
11727:
11721:
11717:
11713:
11712:
11704:
11688:
11684:
11680:
11673:
11657:
11653:
11652:Metropolitics
11649:
11642:
11640:
11638:
11629:
11623:
11619:
11612:
11606:, p. 65.
11605:
11600:
11584:
11580:
11576:
11570:
11562:
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11552:
11545:
11537:
11531:
11527:
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11491:
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11480:
11478:
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11427:
11423:
11416:
11414:
11397:
11393:
11389:
11382:
11366:
11362:
11358:
11351:
11343:
11337:
11333:
11326:
11318:
11312:
11309:. Routledge.
11308:
11301:
11293:
11287:
11283:
11279:
11273:
11257:
11253:
11249:
11243:
11227:
11223:
11219:
11212:
11196:
11192:
11188:
11182:
11166:
11162:
11158:
11152:
11136:
11132:
11131:History Today
11128:
11121:
11119:
11111:
11106:
11098:
11091:
11075:
11071:
11067:
11061:
11045:
11041:
11037:
11031:
11023:
11019:
11015:
11011:
11007:
11003:
10997:
10981:
10977:
10973:
10966:
10958:
10952:
10948:
10941:
10933:
10927:
10923:
10916:
10900:
10896:
10890:
10882:
10878:
10874:
10870:
10866:
10862:
10858:
10854:
10847:
10840:
10835:
10827:
10821:
10816:
10815:
10806:
10804:
10787:
10783:
10782:History Today
10779:
10772:
10770:
10761:
10755:
10751:
10744:
10728:
10724:
10720:
10714:
10706:
10700:
10696:
10689:
10681:
10674:
10666:
10660:
10656:
10649:
10633:
10629:
10623:
10615:
10609:
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10598:
10590:
10584:
10580:
10573:
10565:
10559:
10555:
10548:
10546:
10537:
10531:
10527:
10520:
10512:
10506:
10502:
10495:
10487:
10481:
10473:
10472:Roman Britain
10466:
10460:
10457:
10456:
10451:
10446:
10438:
10432:
10428:
10421:
10414:
10409:
10401:
10395:
10391:
10384:
10368:
10364:
10360:
10354:
10338:
10334:
10330:
10324:
10316:
10310:
10306:
10299:
10283:
10279:
10275:
10269:
10267:
10259:
10254:
10247:
10233:
10229:
10223:
10216:
10211:
10196:
10192:
10188:
10182:
10166:
10162:
10156:
10154:
10152:
10144:
10139:
10131:
10125:
10121:
10114:
10098:
10094:
10090:
10084:
10076:
10070:
10066:
10059:
10051:
10045:
10041:
10034:
10018:
10014:
10010:
10009:Bragg, Melvyn
10004:
9988:
9984:
9983:New Statesman
9980:
9973:
9971:
9963:
9958:
9942:
9938:
9934:
9927:
9920:
9915:
9908:
9903:
9896:
9891:
9884:
9879:
9863:
9859:
9858:
9853:
9847:
9840:
9835:
9833:
9824:
9818:
9814:
9807:
9800:
9795:
9787:
9781:
9777:
9776:
9768:
9752:
9748:
9744:
9738:
9736:
9719:
9715:
9711:
9697:
9693:
9689:
9683:
9681:
9665:
9661:
9655:
9647:
9643:
9639:
9635:
9631:
9627:
9623:
9619:
9613:
9608:
9600:
9599:
9594:
9590:
9584:
9569:
9565:
9558:
9550:
9546:
9542:
9535:
9519:
9515:
9514:
9513:Yorkshire Tea
9510:
9495:
9491:
9487:
9480:
9474:
9470:
9466:
9465:
9457:
9449:
9443:
9439:
9432:
9430:
9421:
9415:
9411:
9404:
9388:
9384:
9378:
9363:
9359:
9352:
9337:
9331:
9312:
9305:
9299:
9283:
9279:
9275:
9269:
9253:
9249:
9245:
9239:
9231:
9225:
9221:
9214:
9198:
9194:
9190:
9183:
9181:
9165:
9161:
9154:
9138:
9134:
9130:
9124:
9108:
9104:
9103:Visit England
9100:
9094:
9078:
9074:
9068:
9053:
9046:
9044:
9042:
9040:
9038:
9022:
9020:9780521203296
9016:
9012:
9011:
9004:
8988:
8984:
8980:
8973:
8971:
8969:
8952:
8948:
8947:New Statesman
8944:
8937:
8930:
8925:
8919:, p. 12.
8918:
8913:
8905:
8899:
8895:
8888:
8872:
8868:
8864:
8857:
8841:
8837:
8833:
8826:
8820:, p. 35.
8819:
8814:
8806:
8800:
8796:
8789:
8783:, p. 31.
8782:
8777:
8770:. p. 15.
8769:
8765:
8758:
8743:
8739:
8733:
8725:
8719:
8715:
8708:
8706:
8704:
8687:
8683:
8679:
8672:
8657:
8653:
8647:
8632:
8628:
8622:
8615:
8610:
8608:
8600:
8595:
8593:
8585:
8580:
8565:
8561:
8554:
8548:
8543:
8536:
8525:
8521:
8515:
8499:
8492:
8488:
8468:
8459:
8450:
8441:
8432:
8423:
8416:
8412:
8411:Scandinavians
8408:
8404:
8398:
8391:
8387:
8386:Antonine Wall
8381:
8374:
8370:
8369:53°N parallel
8364:
8355:
8346:
8337:
8330:
8324:
8320:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8301:
8300:Welsh Marches
8298:
8296:
8293:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8285:Home counties
8283:
8281:
8278:
8276:
8273:
8271:
8268:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8258:
8256:
8255:Black Country
8253:
8252:
8243:
8237:
8232:
8229:
8223:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8214:
8210:
8206:
8202:
8198:
8194:
8190:
8186:
8182:
8178:
8173:
8171:
8167:
8164:
8163:South Pennine
8160:
8159:North Pennine
8156:
8152:
8147:
8143:
8139:
8126:
8120:
8115:
8112:
8106:
8101:
8100:
8099:
8097:
8093:
8088:
8086:
8082:
8078:
8074:
8070:
8066:
8061:
8057:
8055:
8051:
8047:
8043:
8039:
8035:
8025:
8011:
7997:
7983:
7969:
7955:
7941:
7934:
7919:
7913:
7908:
7905:
7899:
7894:
7893:
7892:
7890:
7886:
7882:
7878:
7874:
7870:
7866:
7862:
7861:trolley buses
7858:
7854:
7850:
7846:
7842:
7838:
7834:
7829:
7827:
7823:
7819:
7815:
7811:
7810:Northern Rail
7807:
7802:
7800:
7796:
7792:
7788:
7784:
7780:
7776:
7772:
7768:
7764:
7751:
7745:
7740:
7737:
7731:
7726:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7718:
7714:
7710:
7706:
7704:
7700:
7696:
7692:
7688:
7684:
7680:
7675:
7673:
7669:
7665:
7661:
7657:
7653:
7649:
7645:
7641:
7637:
7627:
7625:
7621:
7617:
7613:
7609:
7605:
7601:
7597:
7593:
7589:
7584:
7582:
7571:
7569:
7565:
7561:
7557:
7553:
7549:
7545:
7538:
7534:
7530:
7528:
7524:
7520:
7516:
7514:
7510:
7506:
7502:
7498:
7494:
7490:
7486:
7479:
7475:
7466:
7464:
7460:
7456:
7452:
7448:
7444:
7443:
7438:
7434:
7430:
7426:
7421:
7419:
7415:
7411:
7407:
7403:
7399:
7394:
7392:
7388:
7384:
7380:
7375:
7373:
7369:
7365:
7361:
7357:
7353:
7349:
7345:
7341:
7337:
7333:
7329:
7325:
7287:
7278:
7274:
7265:
7261:
7255:
7247:
7243:
7237:
7226:
7217:
7202:
7192:
7190:
7186:
7181:
7179:
7175:
7171:
7168:
7164:
7160:
7157:
7153:
7149:
7144:
7141:
7137:
7133:
7129:
7126:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7111:
7107:
7103:
7099:
7094:
7092:
7088:
7084:
7080:
7076:
7073:. During the
7072:
7068:
7064:
7060:
7056:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7040:
7036:
7010:
7005:
7001:
6999:
6995:
6991:
6987:
6983:
6980:
6979:
6978:laissez-faire
6974:
6970:
6969:
6964:
6963:George Orwell
6960:
6959:
6954:
6950:
6949:working class
6946:
6942:
6932:
6926:
6918:
6912:
6902:
6896:
6888:
6882:
6872:
6866:
6858:
6852:
6842:
6832:
6830:
6829:North v South
6826:
6822:
6816:
6815:three times.
6814:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6797:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6773:
6769:
6765:
6761:
6757:
6754:
6744:
6740:
6739:Yorkshire CCC
6734:
6726:
6722:
6716:
6706:
6702:
6696:
6682:
6680:
6676:
6672:
6668:
6664:
6660:
6656:
6652:
6647:
6645:
6641:
6637:
6633:
6629:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6607:
6603:
6597:
6587:
6583:
6577:
6569:
6565:
6559:
6549:
6539:
6537:
6533:
6529:
6525:
6520:
6518:
6514:
6510:
6509:Middlesbrough
6506:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6486:
6482:
6477:
6475:
6474:local derbies
6471:
6466:
6461:
6459:
6455:
6451:
6446:
6442:
6438:
6434:
6430:
6426:
6423:
6419:
6417:
6413:
6409:
6405:
6401:
6397:
6387:
6383:
6377:
6367:
6363:
6357:
6349:
6345:
6339:
6329:
6325:
6319:
6311:
6307:
6301:
6287:
6285:
6284:half marathon
6281:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6240:
6238:
6234:
6233:pigeon racing
6230:
6226:
6222:
6221:animal sports
6218:
6214:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6198:
6193:
6191:
6190:Roses rivalry
6183:
6179:
6175:
6170:
6163:
6159:
6156:fans "mourn"
6155:
6151:
6142:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6124:
6120:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6107:Kaiser Chiefs
6104:
6101:
6100:New Yorkshire
6097:
6093:
6089:
6085:
6081:
6077:
6073:
6072:Northern soul
6069:
6065:
6061:
6060:popular music
6056:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6033:
6031:
6027:
6023:
6019:
6015:
6011:
6010:border ballad
6007:
5995:
5990:
5983:
5978:
5977:
5973:
5955:
5953:
5949:
5945:
5941:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5913:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5901:
5897:According to
5895:
5893:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5869:
5865:
5861:
5857:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5845:singing hinny
5842:
5838:
5837:Bonfire Night
5834:
5830:
5829:black treacle
5826:
5822:
5818:
5814:
5809:
5807:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5763:
5762:black pudding
5759:
5749:
5743:
5735:
5729:
5719:
5713:
5705:
5701:
5695:
5681:
5678:
5674:
5671:
5667:
5662:
5660:
5659:
5654:
5653:English clogs
5649:
5647:
5643:
5639:
5635:
5631:
5627:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5605:
5596:
5594:
5590:
5586:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5570:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5554:
5550:
5546:
5542:
5534:
5529:
5520:
5518:
5513:
5509:
5505:
5501:
5496:
5494:
5493:
5488:
5477:
5476:Humber Bridge
5471:
5463:
5457:
5447:
5441:
5433:
5427:
5419:
5413:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5382:
5381:
5376:
5375:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5351:
5347:
5346:
5341:
5340:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5326:
5321:
5316:
5315:
5310:
5306:
5305:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5286:
5285:
5284:Waterloo Road
5280:
5279:
5274:
5273:
5268:
5267:
5262:
5261:
5256:
5255:Leeds Studios
5252:
5248:
5247:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5226:
5222:
5207:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5171:
5167:
5161:to the North.
5160:
5155:
5146:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5123:
5120:
5116:
5110:
5108:
5104:
5101:, as well as
5100:
5096:
5092:
5088:
5084:
5074:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5039:
5035:
5024:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5009:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4995:
4991:
4987:
4978:
4969:
4967:
4963:
4960:in the area.
4959:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4921:
4917:
4913:
4910:factory, the
4909:
4905:
4901:
4897:
4892:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4872:
4868:
4864:
4860:
4856:
4849:
4844:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4806:
4802:
4793:
4788:
4779:
4776:
4775:David Cameron
4772:
4767:
4766:public sector
4760:Public sector
4757:
4755:
4751:
4747:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4730:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4712:
4711:Alderley Edge
4709:, centred on
4708:
4704:
4700:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4676:
4672:
4662:
4660:
4656:
4651:
4649:
4645:
4641:
4637:
4633:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4616:Leeds Trinity
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4593:
4589:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4561:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4532:Russell Group
4529:
4525:
4514:
4508:
4499:
4493:
4483:
4477:
4468:
4462:
4452:
4446:
4437:
4431:
4417:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4379:
4375:
4366:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4339:
4335:
4330:
4321:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4302:
4295:
4290:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4263:
4254:
4245:
4243:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4195:
4193:
4189:
4185:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4125:
4124:electric grid
4121:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4075:
4073:
4069:
4064:
4063:Orange Orders
4060:
4059:anti-Catholic
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4036:
4032:
4028:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3989:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3952:Personal Rule
3949:
3945:
3940:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3924:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3910:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3876:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3833:
3829:
3825:
3821:
3817:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3754:
3751:The ruins of
3749:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3738:Domesday Book
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3696:
3690:
3682:
3676:
3668:
3662:
3652:
3651:Durham Castle
3646:
3638:
3632:
3622:
3616:
3608:
3602:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3558:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3535:
3531:
3530:Norse funeral
3527:
3523:
3520:) during the
3519:
3514:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3460:
3451:
3442:
3433:
3423:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3395:Cataractonium
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3368:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3300:Ferriby Boats
3297:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3234:
3230:
3216:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3173:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3164:
3159:
3158:
3153:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3066:Lake District
3063:
3058:
3049:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2959:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2905:
2893:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2850:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2796:. They are a
2795:
2791:
2785:
2777:
2774:
2770:
2765:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2717:
2714:
2711:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:Mean monthly
2692:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2645:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2576:
2575:precipitation
2571:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2431:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2326:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2305:Winsford Mine
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2226:
2225:Bamber Bridge
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2097:Middlesbrough
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2017:South Shields
2014:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1743:(2011 census)
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1694:Tyne and Wear
1692:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1608:Tyne and Wear
1606:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:Tyne and Wear
1556:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1433:Middlesbrough
1431:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1273:Tyne and Wear
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:Middlesbrough
1199:
1195:
1186:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1111:Solway Plains
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:Cheviot Hills
1073:
1072:Lake District
1069:
1068:Peak District
1065:
1061:
1057:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:Northallerton
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
980:
969:
955:
941:
927:
913:
899:
892:
885:
883:
879:
875:
870:
868:
867:East Midlands
864:
863:West Midlands
860:
859:Danny Dorling
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
839:BBC Yorkshire
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
783:Staffordshire
780:
776:
772:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
711:
699:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:Tyne and Wear
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
639:County Durham
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
497:
495:
492:
489:
485:
482:
478:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
418:
414:
411:
407:
401:
397:
393:
390:
388:
384:
380:
378:
374:
370:
368:
365: •
363:
359:
357:
354: •
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
331:
327:
323:
318:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
256:
252:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
210:
206:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
180:
178:
177:Tyne and Wear
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
162:
159:
157:
154:
152:
149:
147:
146:County Durham
144:
142:
139:
137:
134:
133:
131:
127:
124:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
95:
89:
86:
75:
71:
66:
60:
55:
45:
39:
35:
34:North Britain
30:
19:
18:North England
19541:Saint George
19504:Coat of arms
19443:Rugby league
19396:Sunday Roast
19317:Demographics
19247:Independence
19064:Contemporary
19022:Georgian era
19007:Jacobean era
18982:Tudor period
18974:Early Modern
18752:
18743:
18722:. Retrieved
18715:the original
18706:
18693:. Retrieved
18686:the original
18677:
18663:
18642:
18621:
18600:
18579:
18555:
18534:
18513:
18491:
18469:
18448:
18431:. Springer.
18428:
18405:. Retrieved
18392:
18380:. Retrieved
18371:
18368:"Hull Ferry"
18351:
18339:. Retrieved
18330:
18299:
18287:. Retrieved
18274:
18262:. Retrieved
18251:
18242:
18224:
18218:
18194:
18172:. Retrieved
18167:the original
18161:
18151:
18139:. Retrieved
18135:
18125:
18113:. Retrieved
18109:
18099:
18087:. Retrieved
18079:The Guardian
18078:
18068:
18056:
18044:. Retrieved
18030:
18018:. Retrieved
17993:. Retrieved
17980:
17968:. Retrieved
17964:
17954:
17945:
17939:
17920:
17899:. Retrieved
17894:
17885:
17873:. Retrieved
17869:
17859:
17847:. Retrieved
17843:the original
17833:
17821:. Retrieved
17771:
17765:
17746:
17740:
17721:
17715:
17703:. Retrieved
17688:
17676:
17657:
17651:
17639:. Retrieved
17632:the original
17619:
17607:. Retrieved
17571:
17559:. Retrieved
17550:
17525:. Retrieved
17519:. Bradford.
17516:
17506:
17494:. Retrieved
17488:
17478:
17466:. Retrieved
17457:
17443:. Retrieved
17434:
17424:
17416:the original
17411:
17401:
17382:
17376:
17364:. Retrieved
17355:
17345:
17333:. Retrieved
17324:
17314:
17305:
17299:
17287:. Retrieved
17277:
17265:. Retrieved
17256:
17247:
17235:. Retrieved
17221:
17216:, p. 3.
17209:
17196:. Retrieved
17161:. Retrieved
17152:
17143:
17124:
17118:
17099:
17093:
17074:
17065:
17055:
17048:
17029:
17023:
17011:. Retrieved
16997:
16985:. Retrieved
16981:the original
16971:
16959:. Retrieved
16945:
16927:
16920:
16908:. Retrieved
16897:
16885:
16873:. Retrieved
16867:
16857:
16845:. Retrieved
16841:
16831:
16819:. Retrieved
16810:
16801:
16789:. Retrieved
16781:The Guardian
16780:
16771:
16759:. Retrieved
16750:
16740:
16728:. Retrieved
16719:
16710:
16698:. Retrieved
16694:
16684:
16665:
16659:
16647:The Guardian
16646:
16636:
16617:
16611:
16599:. Retrieved
16590:
16577:
16565:. Retrieved
16556:
16546:
16534:. Retrieved
16525:
16494:
16488:
16469:
16463:
16451:. Retrieved
16446:The Guardian
16444:
16435:
16423:. Retrieved
16414:
16405:
16393:. Retrieved
16373:
16354:
16348:
16329:
16323:
16311:. Retrieved
16302:
16292:
16273:
16264:
16244:
16238:
16226:. Retrieved
16222:
16212:
16193:
16190:Pugh, Martin
16160:
16137:. Retrieved
16133:
16124:
16112:. Retrieved
16104:The Guardian
16103:
16094:
16082:. Retrieved
16078:
16055:15 September
16053:. Retrieved
16049:
16040:
16028:. Retrieved
16017:
16005:
15984:. Retrieved
15981:The Guardian
15980:
15970:
15955:
15942:. Retrieved
15933:
15901:
15895:
15876:
15870:
15858:. Retrieved
15854:the original
15844:
15825:
15797:
15776:. Retrieved
15762:
15750:. Retrieved
15746:the original
15741:
15732:
15720:. Retrieved
15716:
15706:
15694:. Retrieved
15690:
15680:
15668:
15656:. Retrieved
15646:
15637:
15626:. Retrieved
15593:
15587:
15575:. Retrieved
15545:. Retrieved
15537:The Guardian
15536:
15526:
15514:. Retrieved
15505:
15496:
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14386:
14381:, p. 4.
14379:Russell 2004
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14352:Russell 2004
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13815:VisitBritain
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13786:the original
13782:VisitBritain
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12664:
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12634:The Guardian
12633:
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12596:, p. 9.
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11010:Grundy, John
10996:
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10556:. Infobase.
10553:
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10474:. Routledge.
10471:
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10413:Harding 2004
10408:
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10371:. Retrieved
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9855:
9846:
9841:, p. 1.
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8946:
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8929:Russell 2004
8924:
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8840:the original
8835:
8825:
8818:Maconie 2007
8813:
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8781:Maconie 2007
8776:
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8757:
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8741:
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8686:the original
8681:
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8655:
8646:
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8631:Carlscam.com
8630:
8621:
8614:Russell 2004
8579:
8567:. Retrieved
8563:
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8527:. Retrieved
8523:
8514:
8502:. Retrieved
8491:
8467:
8458:
8449:
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8431:
8422:
8409:, refers to
8406:
8397:
8390:Central Belt
8380:
8363:
8354:
8345:
8336:
8323:
8305:West Country
8290:The Midlands
8209:Port of Hull
8174:
8138:Sankey Brook
8135:
8089:
8071:in 2020 and
8062:
8058:
8031:
7867:in 1960 and
7830:
7826:High Speed 2
7818:Northern Hub
7803:
7799:rail freight
7760:
7721:deregulation
7707:
7676:
7646:and eastern
7633:
7600:Merseytravel
7585:
7577:
7541:
7519:Spiritualism
7517:
7482:
7469:Other faiths
7440:
7422:
7395:
7376:
7360:patron saint
7324:Christianity
7322:
7312: 10–20%
7242:York Minster
7206:Christianity
7182:
7145:
7095:
7051:Labour Party
7043:Home Nations
7032:
7016: Labour
6989:
6976:
6966:
6956:
6938:
6817:
6788:Test matches
6750:
6677:play in the
6669:play in the
6648:
6644:Championship
6640:Super League
6632:M62 corridor
6628:rugby league
6613:
6528:England team
6521:
6478:
6462:
6420:
6393:
6362:Leeds United
6344:Liverpool FC
6264:Grand Départ
6241:
6194:
6187:
6178:Leeds Rhinos
6057:
6034:
6004:Traditional
6003:
5909:
5898:
5896:
5864:Double Maxim
5853:
5810:
5755:
5663:
5656:
5650:
5610:
5557:Andy Burnham
5549:child labour
5540:
5538:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5388:
5384:
5378:
5372:
5366:
5360:
5353:
5349:
5345:Daily Mirror
5343:
5337:
5323:
5319:
5312:
5308:
5304:The Guardian
5302:
5300:
5288:
5282:
5276:
5272:Clocking Off
5270:
5264:
5258:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5218:
5168:is the only
5164:
5137:: of the 24
5124:
5111:
5095:New Brighton
5079:
5050:
5030:
5021:Call centres
5010:
4983:
4940:
4932:Springfields
4888:
4852:
4817:
4797:
4763:
4731:
4687:
4683:productivity
4668:
4652:
4648:York St John
4608:Huddersfield
4521:
4399:
4371:
4331:
4327:
4298:
4266:
4259:
4248:Demographics
4226:the Troubles
4219:
4196:
4128:
4120:Jarrow March
4097:
4040:
3985:
3982:in the North
3925:
3921:King's Manor
3882:
3863:, while the
3853:Lancastrians
3813:
3793:Bolton Abbey
3785:Whitby Abbey
3758:
3702:
3569:
3555:
3541:
3515:
3464:
3441:Anglo-Saxons
3439: Other
3383:Deva Victrix
3351:Roman Empire
3348:
3329:
3308:pastoralists
3288:Lincolnshire
3285:
3273:
3238:
3194:
3179:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3123:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3079:
3046:
3039:
3033:
3023:
3017:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2991:
2983:
2972:
2965:
2962:glottal stop
2957:
2946:
2942:
2919:
2915:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2856:
2849:River Wharfe
2846:
2836:(Teesside),
2832:(Tyneside),
2820:(Wearside),
2810:Northumbrian
2787:
2768:
2577:mm (inches)
2351:
2328:
2282:
2236:
1901:Huddersfield
1720:
1501:Huddersfield
1239:Analysis by
1238:
1210:urbanisation
1190:
1185:Urban sprawl
1154:Scafell Pike
1139:
1115:glacial lake
1088:
1086:coastline.
1053:
991:the Midlands
975:
871:
807:Chesterfield
775:Lincolnshire
768:
760:VisitBritain
740:River Mersey
721:
687:Lincolnshire
613:of England:
608:
601:of England.
560:
550:and a short
532:economically
525:
498:
429:
425:
424:
161:Lincolnshire
38:
29:
19622:Northumbria
19460:Rugby union
19292:Anglophilia
19235:Middle Ages
19040:Regency era
19032:Late Modern
18942:Middle Ages
18901:Prehistoric
18115:30 November
18020:30 November
17875:30 November
17214:Dobson 1996
17013:23 February
16987:23 February
16961:23 February
16453:13 December
16303:Vanity Fair
15994:Gary Cahill
15964:. Sky News.
15673:Holder 2005
14406:(1): 4–16.
14367:Ehland 2007
14091:Radio Times
13981:16 December
13762:Ehland 2007
13750:Ehland 2007
13692:"Review of
11575:"The Blitz"
11110:Jewell 1994
11099:. Longmans.
11070:Tudor Times
10839:Jewell 1994
10697:. Penguin.
10695:The Vikings
10638:23 February
10143:Hickey 2015
9962:Cockin 2012
9919:Hickey 2015
9907:Hickey 2015
9895:Hickey 2015
9883:Hickey 2015
9839:Hickey 2015
9362:CityMonitor
8896:. Penguin.
8636:22 December
8403:Old English
8275:East Anglia
8197:Isle of Man
8166:canal rings
7703:block-paved
7695:snickelways
7685:, tenfoot,
7442:sui generis
7332:Lindisfarne
7189:Northumbria
7167:regionalist
7110:Eurosceptic
7039:trade union
6986:C. P. Scott
6772:Roses Match
6753:first-class
6663:Sale Sharks
6636:2023 season
6624:rugby union
6568:Craven Park
6445:Great Lever
6418:for fouls.
6366:Elland Road
6123:Maxïmo Park
6090:bands from
6068:The Beatles
5948:South Asian
5880:soft drinks
5545:coal mining
5539:The phrase
5517:battle-axes
5508:matriarchal
5229:soap operas
5221:MediaCityUK
5107:North Wales
5087:Whitley Bay
4837:hen harrier
4636:Northumbria
4566:, form the
4312:(0.6%) and
4262:2021 census
4051:1851 census
4013:steelmaking
3992:water power
3905:Elizabeth I
3816:the Anarchy
3797:Augustinian
3789:Benedictine
3761:Cistercians
3681:York Castle
3548:Cleethorpes
3538:place names
3526:grave goods
3507:Lindisfarne
3499:Aethelfrith
3495:Northumbria
3432:Northumbria
3353:during the
3269:Paleolithic
3253:Neanderthal
3239:During the
3166:(1960) and
3108:(1911) and
2888:instead of
2872:instead of
2863:Old English
2842:around Hull
2806:Lancastrian
2362:rain shadow
2309:Boulby Mine
2065:Swallownest
1766:(People/km)
1755:Population
1723:city limits
1298:2021 Census
1269:Tees Valley
1095:Pleistocene
1066:Gap to the
983:Northampton
979:Watford Gap
904:Watford Gap
874:Northumbria
752:Isle of Man
748:River Trent
732:Westmorland
605:Definitions
517:2021 census
477:Northumbria
462:Westmorland
235:Tees Valley
190:East Riding
19601:Categories
19553:Tudor rose
19257:Parliament
18753:True North
17551:CityMetric
15742:Great Runs
12736:CityMetric
11222:CityMetric
10818:. Dawson.
10065:Billy Liar
9799:Wales 2006
9747:Met Office
9714:Met Office
9692:Met Office
9664:Met Office
9248:CityMetric
9193:CityMetric
8917:Wales 2006
8656:UK Free TV
8599:Wales 2006
8478:References
8054:Humberside
8034:Manchester
7881:light rail
7837:Birkenhead
7791:West Coast
7787:East Coast
7719:following
7672:Roman road
7542:The first
7491:until the
7306: 5–8%
7300: 3–4%
7199:See also:
7154:to create
7152:Tony Blair
7148:devolution
7033:The first
6982:free trade
6839:See also:
6808:Jack Sharp
6764:Lancashire
6701:Durham CCC
6655:All Blacks
6546:See also:
6517:Sunderland
6472:. Intense
6463:Organised
6437:Upton Park
6416:free kicks
6225:dog racing
6205:amateurism
6174:Boxing Day
6158:relegation
6103:indie rock
6080:Madchester
6064:Merseybeat
6043:after the
6006:folk music
5944:Curry Mile
5932:Manchester
5924:Chinatowns
5856:brown ales
5849:fat rascal
5827:cake with
5770:mushy peas
5704:mushy peas
5677:sportswear
5632:, with an
5577:Merseyside
5573:Lancashire
5355:Daily Star
5339:Daily Mail
5307:(formerly
5297:Newspapers
5215:Television
5179:Warrington
5127:industrial
4936:Sellafield
4894:plants at
4871:overfished
4792:Teeswaters
4644:Sunderland
4620:Leeds Arts
4544:Manchester
4438:Great Hall
4184:Bangladesh
4159:Merseyside
4155:Manchester
4001:soft water
3901:Henry VIII
3883:After the
3552:Scunthorpe
3522:Viking Age
3503:Golden Age
3475:Hen Ogledd
3465:After the
3411:River Tyne
3298:, and the
3296:Bronze Age
3278:era, with
3276:Mesolithic
3215:speakers.
3157:Billy Liar
3119:Ted Hughes
3070:Wordsworth
3052:Literature
3030:possessive
2951:homophones
2928:non-rhotic
2908:shibboleth
2858:sprachraum
2853:River Lune
2358:westerlies
2343:Cross Fell
2323:See also:
2274:Doddington
2258:millstones
2246:Lancashire
2177:Cottingham
2137:Washington
2133:Sunderland
2119:Sunderland
2105:Billingham
2073:Killamarsh
1985:Litherland
1965:St. Helens
1883:1,777,934
1829:Altrincham
1793:Manchester
1783:2,553,379
1729:it leads (
1727:urban area
1689:Sunderland
1655:Warrington
1540:Lancashire
1485:Manchester
1422:Merseyside
1407:Manchester
1383:Lancashire
1253:Manchester
1226:Manchester
1206:Sunderland
1158:Windermere
1117:forms the
1091:ice sheets
1048:Relief map
1037:See also:
1007:River Tees
831:Shropshire
799:Manchester
787:satellites
771:Derbyshire
728:Cumberland
655:Merseyside
651:Lancashire
528:culturally
509:North West
505:North East
491:Hen Ogledd
486:, and the
454:Lancashire
446:Cumberland
381:Northerner
360:12,782,940
341:14,933,000
333:Population
306:Sunderland
301:Warrington
281:Manchester
225:North East
167:Merseyside
156:Lancashire
19477:Wimbledon
19322:Education
19174:Districts
19157:Geography
19055:The Blitz
19012:Civil War
18926:Heptarchy
18855:Education
18838:Overviews
18136:The Times
17253:"England"
16937:14028100M
16223:BBC Sport
16134:BBC Sport
16050:BBC Sport
15998:Dronfield
15752:2 October
15722:2 October
15696:2 October
14420:147445069
14232:Newsworks
12746:2 October
12376:2 October
9026:2 October
8569:25 August
8483:Citations
8181:Immingham
8142:St Helens
8065:Blackpool
8038:Newcastle
7871:in 1962,
7853:Pier Head
7574:Transport
7560:gurdwaras
7513:Gateshead
7485:Lancaster
7391:Methodism
7125:far-right
7123:with the
6994:Corn Laws
6945:socialism
6796:Middlesex
6768:Yorkshire
6524:Euro 2016
6489:Liverpool
6412:throw-ins
6164:ceremony.
6119:Chris Rea
5936:Newcastle
5928:Liverpool
5642:headscarf
5581:Yorkshire
5278:Shameless
5251:Emmerdale
5246:Hollyoaks
5240:Emmerdale
5225:Channel 4
5192:Cybermoor
5083:Morecambe
5062:analytics
5034:spin-offs
4994:Morrisons
4962:Shale gas
4855:Fleetwood
4813:livestock
4734:Rust Belt
4703:Harrogate
4604:Edge Hill
4564:Lancaster
4552:Sheffield
4548:Newcastle
4540:Liverpool
4420:Education
4394:Blackpool
4354:Methodist
4284:Languages
4270:Allerdale
4167:Sheffield
4163:Newcastle
4139:The Blitz
4131:Luftwaffe
4092:Gateshead
4047:Irish Sea
4031:Pier Head
4017:shipyards
4005:Cleveland
3913:recusancy
3830:was made
3777:Kirkstall
3534:etymology
3399:Catterick
3387:legionary
3363:Caratacus
3336:Brigantia
3332:Brigantes
3304:hillforts
3280:Star Carr
3213:Cantonese
3062:daffodils
2822:Mancunian
2790:Old Norse
2301:rock salt
2289:fluorspar
2270:Yorkstone
2262:sandstone
2069:Eckington
2057:Rotherham
2053:Sheffield
2039:Sheffield
2021:Tynemouth
2013:Gateshead
1961:Liverpool
1947:Liverpool
1925:Brighouse
1905:Wakefield
1845:Middleton
1833:Stretford
1805:Stockport
1603:Gateshead
1569:Stockport
1535:Blackburn
1451:Sheffield
1417:Liverpool
1397:Sheffield
1378:Blackpool
1354:Liverpool
1257:Sheffield
1245:Liverpool
1234:Sheffield
1222:Liverpool
1218:Doncaster
1212:from the
1162:Wastwater
1084:North Sea
1082:near the
1013:suggests
1003:Sheffield
987:Leicester
946:Sheffield
853:known as
791:High Peak
736:Yorkshire
556:North Sea
548:Irish Sea
466:Yorkshire
428:, or the
387:Time zone
371:2,150,060
311:Blackpool
276:Sheffield
271:Liverpool
182:Yorkshire
19581:Category
19526:Oak tree
19521:Heraldry
19426:Football
19379:Religion
19342:Identity
19327:Folklore
19252:Monarchy
19218:Politics
19189:Parishes
19169:Counties
18870:Military
18865:Maritime
18845:Timeline
18577:(2007).
18376:Archived
18361:Archived
18335:Archived
18320:Archived
18309:Archived
18258:Archived
18083:Archived
18040:Archived
17895:BBC News
17870:Politico
17705:23 March
17699:Archived
17600:Archived
17555:Archived
17527:14 March
17521:Archived
17496:14 March
17468:18 March
17462:Archived
17445:18 March
17439:Archived
17366:17 March
17360:Archived
17356:BBC News
17335:14 March
17329:Archived
17289:14 March
17267:14 March
17261:Archived
17237:13 March
17231:Archived
17198:18 March
17192:Archived
17163:18 March
17157:Archived
17073:(1991).
17007:Archived
16955:Archived
16910:23 March
16904:Archived
16875:26 March
16847:26 March
16815:Archived
16785:Archived
16755:Archived
16724:Archived
16720:BBC News
16651:Archived
16601:10 March
16595:Archived
16561:Archived
16536:10 March
16530:Archived
16419:Archived
16386:Archived
16307:Archived
16272:(2010).
16192:(2013).
16108:Archived
16084:5 August
16079:BBC News
16024:Archived
15938:Archived
15860:20 April
15778:15 March
15772:Archived
15619:Archived
15571:Archived
15541:Archived
15510:Archived
15430:Archived
15399:Archived
15350:: 12–21.
15321:Archived
15290:Archived
15264:Archived
15155:Archived
15069:Archived
15036:Archived
14987:13 March
14981:Archived
14919:Archived
14859:Archived
14829:Archived
14679:Archived
14594:BBC News
14568:Archived
14541:21 March
14535:Archived
14531:BBC News
14505:Archived
14331:Archived
14269:Archived
14236:Archived
14206:Archived
14202:BBC News
14159:Archived
14128:Archived
14095:Archived
14064:Archived
14060:BBC News
14033:Archived
14006:Archived
13942:Archived
13920:Archived
13889:Archived
13846:Archived
13819:Archived
13704:Archived
13600:12 March
13578:12 March
13572:Archived
13536:16 March
13530:Archived
13526:BBC News
13505:12 March
13499:Archived
13456:12 March
13450:Archived
13410:16 March
13384:12 March
13351:12 March
13345:Archived
13341:BBC News
13321:12 March
13260:12 March
13254:Archived
13227:12 March
13221:Archived
13196:12 March
13190:Archived
13163:12 March
13157:Archived
13132:25 April
13126:BBC News
13106:12 March
13100:Archived
13079:12 March
13043:12 March
13037:Archived
13010:11 March
12979:11 March
12953:11 March
12917:12 March
12888:12 March
12882:Archived
12857:12 March
12851:Archived
12807:13 March
12801:Archived
12797:BBC News
12777:13 March
12771:Archived
12675:12 March
12669:Archived
12644:12 March
12638:Archived
12615:Archived
12540:Archived
12515:12 March
12509:Archived
12484:12 March
12478:Archived
12453:11 March
12447:Archived
12401:Archived
12397:BBC News
12284:Archived
12253:Archived
12197:14 March
12191:Archived
12167:14 March
12134:14 March
12128:Archived
12073:18 March
12067:Archived
12037:Archived
12017:13 March
11988:13 March
11982:Archived
11958:14 March
11952:Archived
11927:13 March
11921:Archived
11897:13 March
11891:Archived
11867:13 March
11861:Archived
11836:8 August
11811:8 August
11786:13 March
11780:Archived
11753:13 March
11747:Archived
11693:10 March
11687:Archived
11656:Archived
11589:10 March
11583:Archived
11466:13 March
11460:Archived
11435:10 March
11402:10 March
11396:Archived
11371:10 March
11365:Archived
11280:(2010).
11256:Archived
11226:Archived
11201:10 March
11195:Archived
11171:10 March
11165:Archived
11135:Archived
11074:Archived
11044:Archived
11020:. Yale:
10980:Archived
10786:Archived
10727:Archived
10373:18 March
10367:Archived
10363:BBC News
10337:Archived
10282:Archived
10232:Archived
10171:13 March
10103:13 March
10097:Archived
10095:. 2013.
10023:23 March
10017:Archived
9993:23 March
9987:Archived
9941:Archived
9862:Archived
9757:16 March
9751:Archived
9724:16 March
9718:Archived
9702:16 March
9696:Archived
9573:17 March
9549:Archived
9524:14 March
9518:Archived
9500:14 March
9341:7 August
9320:12 March
9252:Archived
9197:Archived
9164:BBC News
9137:Archived
9107:Archived
8987:Archived
8951:Archived
8871:Archived
8846:15 March
8373:the Wash
8265:Cornwall
8249:See also
8187:and the
8185:Teesport
8155:Cheshire
8050:Teesside
7857:Rochdale
7717:bus wars
7640:motorway
7416:and 240
7340:Connacht
7244:and the
7195:Religion
7156:devolved
7091:centrist
7083:Liberals
7079:red wall
6988:and the
6835:Politics
6778:and the
6266:for the
6254:and the
6229:whippets
6201:Oxbridge
6133:between
6115:Teesside
6109:and the
6014:bagpipes
5882:such as
5858:such as
5774:meat pie
5658:clogging
5618:flat cap
5599:Clothing
5565:Cheshire
5352:and the
5342:and the
5173:60
5131:heritage
5038:graphene
4859:Cod Wars
4748:and the
4690:deprived
4659:Oxbridge
4592:Bradford
4580:Teesside
4342:Anglican
4324:Religion
4236:and the
4180:Pakistan
4118:and the
3976:Saltaire
3956:Royalist
3865:Yorkists
3857:Scotland
3805:Beverley
3773:Rievaulx
3742:manorial
3568:and the
3566:Ormskirk
3562:Kirklees
3536:of many
3479:Bernicia
3391:Mamucium
3377:(modern
3375:Eboracum
3340:Carvetii
3245:cave art
3241:ice ages
3205:Bradford
3172:(1968).
3160:(1959),
3154:(1959),
3102:(1906),
3096:such as
3082:Romantic
2999:pronouns
2826:Pitmatic
2802:Cumbrian
2792:and the
2776:isogloss
2736:1,376.2
2649:(≥ 1 mm)
2642:(38.18)
2573:Average
2367:sea fret
2285:iron ore
2199:313,322
2185:Willerby
2163:314,018
2123:335,415
2087:376,633
2083:Teesside
2061:Rawmarsh
2043:685,368
2025:Wallsend
1999:774,891
1995:Tyneside
1951:864,122
1917:Keighley
1913:Dewsbury
1897:Bradford
1865:Golborne
1821:Atherton
1801:Rochdale
1764:Density
1714:108,410
1680:110,720
1660:Cheshire
1646:111,255
1637:Rochdale
1612:115,280
1578:117,935
1544:124,955
1519:Bradford
1510:141,675
1476:141,685
1442:148,215
1387:149,070
1326:Counties
1313:Counties
1166:treeless
1107:Cheshire
1099:Glaciers
1056:Pennines
1023:Richmond
981:between
960:Richmond
815:Bolsover
631:Cheshire
536:Midlands
494:kingdoms
470:medieval
442:Cheshire
136:Cheshire
129:Counties
19572:Outline
19491:Symbols
19414:Cricket
19362:Museums
19312:Cuisine
19302:Castles
19271:Culture
19230:Economy
19199:Regions
19184:Islands
19179:Gardens
19126:Related
18911:Lloegyr
18894:Ancient
18830:History
18821:England
18695:6 March
18407:6 March
18382:6 March
18341:6 March
18289:6 March
18264:6 March
18200:189–190
18174:6 March
18141:6 March
18089:6 March
18046:6 March
17970:7 March
17901:7 March
17849:4 March
17823:4 March
17641:7 March
17609:7 March
17561:5 March
16821:3 March
16791:3 March
16761:3 March
16730:3 March
16567:3 March
16425:3 March
16395:3 March
16313:3 March
16228:6 March
16139:17 July
16114:8 March
15986:11 July
15944:6 March
15717:Cyclist
15658:9 March
15628:6 March
15577:8 March
15547:8 March
15533:"Duels"
15516:8 March
15436:8 March
15405:8 March
15375:4521880
15327:3 April
15296:7 March
15270:7 March
15238:26 June
15232:The Tab
15187:7 March
15161:7 March
15075:7 March
15042:7 March
14925:7 March
14891:9 March
14835:9 March
14511:9 March
14435:England
14337:8 March
14303:8 March
14275:8 March
14242:9 March
14212:8 March
14134:8 March
14101:8 March
14070:8 March
14039:8 March
14012:8 March
13825:8 March
13795:8 March
13710:7 March
12828:Reuters
12407:9 March
12350:9 March
12321:7 March
12290:7 March
12103:3 March
12043:3 March
11662:3 March
11262:9 March
11232:9 March
11141:9 March
11080:3 March
11050:9 March
10986:9 March
10905:9 March
10861:Bibcode
10792:9 March
10733:9 March
10450:Tacitus
10343:5 March
10288:5 March
10238:5 March
9947:3 March
9868:3 March
9646:8615577
9626:Bibcode
9367:31 July
9288:5 March
9258:5 March
9203:5 March
9169:2 March
9143:5 March
9113:5 March
9083:5 March
9057:4 March
8993:3 March
8957:3 March
8877:3 March
8747:25 June
8692:3 March
8661:20 June
8529:31 July
8329:Watford
8201:Ireland
8177:Grimsby
7849:suburbs
7699:cobbled
7660:A1 road
7564:mandirs
7550:in the
7523:Owenist
7457:by the
7406:Baptist
7372:tonsure
7096:At the
6951:, from
6941:Marxism
6804:bowlers
6758:teams:
6685:Cricket
6606:Stadium
6564:Hull KR
6485:Everton
6441:Burnley
6422:In 1883
6408:corners
6310:Stadium
6213:cricket
5900:The Tab
5825:oatmeal
5817:Cheddar
5684:Cuisine
5624:, or a
5589:Cumbria
5561:The KLF
5325:The Sun
5097:on the
4924:Stanlow
4920:Lindsey
4879:seafood
4863:Iceland
4665:Economy
4600:Cumbria
4596:Chester
4576:Salford
4390:obesity
4338:leading
4314:Punjabi
4260:At the
4192:Preston
4068:pogroms
4055:Salford
3814:During
3801:Flemish
3719:at the
3711:at the
3580:Grimsby
3518:Danelaw
3511:Cumbric
3450:Danelaw
3359:Tacitus
3267:of the
3219:History
3196:Contact
3064:of the
2980:elision
2861:of the
2834:Smoggie
2830:Geordie
2759:Dialect
2754:English
2637:(3.91)
2632:(3.86)
2627:(3.96)
2622:(3.18)
2617:(3.24)
2612:(2.85)
2607:(2.83)
2602:(2.40)
2597:(2.56)
2592:(2.96)
2587:(2.72)
2582:(3.70)
2568:(41.5)
2563:(33.6)
2558:(37.8)
2553:(43.2)
2548:(48.0)
2543:(51.6)
2538:(51.8)
2533:(48.0)
2528:(42.8)
2523:(38.1)
2518:(35.8)
2513:(33.1)
2508:(33.3)
2498:(54.3)
2493:(44.1)
2488:(48.4)
2483:(55.0)
2478:(61.7)
2473:(66.4)
2468:(66.9)
2463:(63.1)
2458:(58.5)
2453:(52.5)
2448:(47.8)
2443:(43.9)
2438:(43.5)
2319:Climate
2266:Chester
2221:Fulwood
2217:Leyland
2213:Chorley
2209:Preston
2195:Preston
1977:Prescot
1937:Shipley
1909:Halifax
1861:Glossop
1849:Urmston
1809:Salford
1705:Salford
1698:168,315
1664:174,970
1630:184,090
1596:270,810
1562:286,445
1528:333,950
1494:470,405
1460:500,535
1426:506,565
1371:536,280
1123:fenland
1093:of the
855:Lindsey
847:Norfolk
635:Cumbria
599:culture
595:economy
474:Anglian
434:England
377:Demonym
141:Cumbria
111:Regions
105:England
65:England
19586:Portal
19499:Anthem
19367:People
19194:Places
18759:
18724:16 May
18650:
18629:
18608:
18587:
18563:
18542:
18521:
18500:
18477:
18456:
18435:
18231:
18206:
17995:18 May
17927:
17778:
17753:
17728:
17664:
17389:
17131:
17106:
17081:
17036:
16935:
16700:9 June
16672:
16624:
16501:
16476:
16361:
16336:
16280:
16251:
16200:
16167:
16030:16 May
15908:
15883:
15832:
15804:
15484:
15459:
15373:
15210:
15126:
15102:
15010:
14961:31 May
14865:18 May
14800:
14766:
14738:
14685:14 May
14652:14 May
14626:14 May
14600:14 May
14574:14 May
14478:
14441:
14418:
14180:
13948:18 May
13895:18 May
13852:18 May
13733:
13673:
13648:
13623:
13285:18 May
12701:
12579:16 May
12546:16 May
12259:1 July
12226:1 July
11722:
11624:
11557:
11532:
11492:
11338:
11313:
11288:
10953:
10928:
10881:213484
10879:
10822:
10756:
10701:
10661:
10610:
10585:
10560:
10532:
10507:
10455:Annals
10433:
10396:
10311:
10200:16 May
10126:
10071:
10046:
9819:
9782:
9669:31 May
9644:
9475:
9444:
9416:
9392:1 July
9226:
9017:
8900:
8801:
8720:
8504:15 May
7691:ginnel
7687:vennel
7654:, the
7544:mosque
7505:Reform
7412:, 250
7404:, 310
7348:Oswald
7316:
7310:
7304:
7298:
7292:
7108:. The
7026:
7020:
7014:
6800:Surrey
6770:. The
6760:Durham
6673:, and
6452:. The
6429:FA Cup
6414:, and
6262:. The
6172:Every
6113:, and
6098:, the
6076:Motown
5905:Greggs
5843:-like
5833:ginger
5821:Parkin
5644:. The
5630:blouse
5614:braces
5350:Mirror
5301:Since
5175:Mbit/s
5115:Ostend
5093:, and
4916:Humber
4906:, the
4848:Whitby
4809:arable
4754:Brexit
4695:Surrey
4588:Bolton
4378:cancer
4360:Health
4344:, 14%
4306:Polish
4232:, the
3861:France
3781:Byland
3576:Whitby
3554:, the
3543:thorpe
3540:: the
3487:Rheged
3471:Angles
3457:
3455:
3448:
3446:
3437:
3430:
3428:
3344:Parisi
3209:Pashto
2992:get up
2920:castle
2838:Scouse
2818:Mackem
2724:126.7
2721:164.0
2718:175.6
2715:166.7
2712:182.8
2709:142.4
2706:101.9
2689:144.5
2389:Month
2313:potash
2293:baryte
2205:3,802
2181:Hessle
2169:3,802
2129:4,018
2126:137.5
2109:Redcar
2093:3,482
2090:108.2
2049:4,092
2046:167.5
2029:Jarrow
2005:4,292
2002:180.5
1973:Crosby
1969:Bootle
1957:4,329
1954:199.6
1933:Morley
1929:Pudsey
1921:Batley
1889:3,645
1886:487.8
1857:Denton
1853:Eccles
1813:Oldham
1797:Bolton
1789:4,051
1786:630.3
1671:Oldham
1621:Bolton
1290:
1287:
1232:, and
1148:, and
1127:Humber
1060:upland
1015:Thirsk
1001:, and
817:, and
750:. The
744:Humber
521:cities
511:, and
507:, the
503:: the
479:, the
450:Durham
296:Bolton
102:
82:
19509:Flags
19406:Sport
19204:Towns
18718:(PDF)
18711:(PDF)
18689:(PDF)
18682:(PDF)
18668:(PDF)
18401:(PDF)
18283:(PDF)
17989:(PDF)
17635:(PDF)
17628:(PDF)
17603:(PDF)
17596:(PDF)
16389:(PDF)
16382:(PDF)
15996:from
15622:(PDF)
15615:(PDF)
15371:JSTOR
14955:(PDF)
14944:(PDF)
14824:Dazed
14416:S2CID
14396:(PDF)
14297:(PDF)
13975:(PDF)
13968:(PDF)
13789:(PDF)
13778:(PDF)
13315:(PDF)
13304:(PDF)
13279:(PDF)
12947:(PDF)
12940:(PDF)
12908:(PDF)
12573:(PDF)
12566:(PDF)
12341:(PDF)
12312:(PDF)
12161:(PDF)
12154:(PDF)
12011:NOMIS
11978:NOMIS
11917:NOMIS
11887:NOMIS
11429:(DOC)
10877:JSTOR
10459:12:36
9642:S2CID
9314:(PDF)
9307:(PDF)
8415:Norse
8405:word
8132:Water
7709:Buses
7679:chare
7652:A1(M)
7338:from
7336:Aidan
6227:with
6217:rugby
6180:host
6145:Sport
6135:Oasis
5958:Music
5912:parmo
5892:Vimto
5888:Tizer
5841:scone
5823:, an
5766:tripe
5758:offal
5702:with
5638:shawl
5634:apron
5626:skirt
5622:dress
5210:Media
4928:NEPIC
4861:with
4805:wheat
4655:GCSEs
4536:Leeds
4352:, 2%
4151:Leeds
3839:when
3822:. In
3491:Elmet
3483:Deira
3473:, Yr
3459:Celts
3028:as a
2986:as a
2975:'
2968:'
2960:to a
2939:split
2937:STRUT
2904:split
2733:43.5
2730:58.7
2727:94.0
2703:70.5
2700:49.4
2686:13.7
2683:14.3
2680:13.6
2677:10.9
2674:11.5
2671:10.7
2668:10.7
2665:10.5
2662:10.9
2659:12.5
2656:11.1
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