648:—unveiled an initial regional transport plan linking their cities called 'One North'. This plan incorporated a new 125 miles per hour (201 km/h) trans-Pennine high speed rail link connecting to the northern branches of HS2 at Manchester and Leeds (30-minute journey time), together with other regional rail developments, and the bringing forward of the construction of the northern part of HS2, as part of a regional transport plan including other road, intermodal port, and rail freight improvements. The estimated cost of the high-speed Manchester–Leeds rail link was circa over £5bn, with a proposed completion date of 2030; the entire project was costed at £10bn to £15bn. George Osborne attended the project launch, and provided his backing for the project. A report
307:
748:
5568:
5558:
2892:
536:
319:
31:
5578:
2902:
660:
Newcastle and Hull with line speeds up to 140 miles per hour (230 km/h). The proposals included new-build routes between the major northern cities, with cost estimates from £5bn to £19bn, and estimated journey times of one half to two thirds of current routes; alternative upgrades of existing routes were costed in the £1bn to £7bn range, and had lesser journey time reductions, of the order of 10–15
832:
a
Strategic Outline Business Case for NPR was to have been completed by the end of 2018, which was then delayed until 2020. This was then further delayed until the publishing of the Integrated Rail Plan (IRP) in November 2021. As well as a through station for Bradford, there have been calls for an additional station at Rochdale on the new line between Manchester and Leeds.
911:• Option 2 was for an entirely new-build high-speed line between Leeds and Manchester, including a new station on the outskirts of Bradford; a new line from Warrington to Liverpool (with a parkway station at Warrington); and an underground Piccadilly station with a connection allowing it to be used for Sheffield services.
596:, proposed a high speed rail link between Leeds and Manchester; the line would utilise the existing route between Leeds and Manchester, with additional tunnels and other infrastructure. Osborne argued that the northern cities' influence was comparatively less than London's and that the link would promote
836:
addition to serving the six previously identified centres, work is also underway to develop options to serve Other
Significant Economic Centres (OSECs). Options for NPR stations will also promote and integrate with masterplans and wider spatial plans, including Leeds Station and Manchester Piccadilly.
851:
stated that a possible underground interchange at
Manchester Piccadilly would inflate the cost of the project and lead to an offset of spend somewhere else on the project: "...spending an extra £6bn on that means we have to find £6bn that we won’t spend somewhere else - and that might be putting in
831:
At
Manchester Piccadilly, it is likely a new NPR station will be needed and options include a new underground station or a new surface turnback station. Between Manchester and Sheffield, TfN is currently looking at whether it can upgrade the existing line or whether a new line will be needed. Again,
687:
stated that "It takes longer to get from
Liverpool to Hull by train than to travel twice the distance from London to Paris". It also recommended collaboration between TfN and HS2 Ltd on the design of the northern parts of HS2; and on the design of the improved Manchester Piccadilly station, together
883:
of funding, estimated to be ÂŁ1 billion, unlike
Scotland and Northern Ireland. The UK Government said it would state the benefits in "due course" and it is "responsible for heavy rail infrastructure across England and Wales", therefore it spends the money directly for Wales rather than provide funds
835:
NPR is being developed in addition to planned improvements including the Great North Rail
Project. HS2 Ltd and Network Rail have been commissioned by TfN to prepare engineering and costing studies on a range of rail infrastructure options. This could involve new and upgraded rail infrastructure. In
659:
On 20 March 2015, the
Department of Transport published plans for transport infrastructure improvements in the north of England, including proposals by the TfN working group; the TransNorth report proposed a number of options for improved rail links between Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield,
570:
Improvements to east-west links in the north of
England have often been referred to as "HS3". This term has been used interchangeably to mean the connection between Leeds and Manchester or a longer route running from Liverpool to Hull via Manchester and Leeds. Such a railway would not necessarily
339:. By improving transport connections, it is proposed that commuters will be able to travel to work more freely, allowing these cities to compete together as one large single economy, rather than competing against one another. The NPR scheme is promoted by the combined public transport authority
241:
A full analysis of the wider economic impacts of the different
Northern Powerhouse Rail options is needed, and BCR analyses must be produced for all NPR options. Upgrading lines will bring modest benefits, but not to the transformative extent needed to end regional
174:. The phrase was adopted in 2014 for a project featuring new and significantly upgraded railway lines in the region. The aim is to transform rail services between the major towns and cities, requiring the region's single biggest transport investment since the
334:
The High Speed North project aims to improve public transport journey times between the major cities in the North of England. Present-day rail connections between cities such as Liverpool, Manchester and Leeds are slow compared to commuter journeys across
268:
NPR forms part of High Speed North, the overarching proposal that includes improvements to both roads and rail. These developments are designed to improve transport connections between major northern English cities and transport hubs, including Liverpool,
692:
and other rail bodies. The Report suggested the development of a HS3 link after the completion of Network Rail's ÂŁ2bn trans-Pennine electrification upgrade (scheduled to take place between 2015 and 2022, leading to 40-minute journey times). A report by
846:
pledged to fund the Leeds to Manchester section of the NPR route as a first stage of NPR. It was also revealed that the plans would be published in the Autumn 2019, after the review of HS2 had concluded. However, in September 2019, the NPR minister
908:• Option 1 was a mixture of new-build high-speed line, covering roughly half the route from Liverpool to Leeds, and upgrades to the existing lines into Leeds (via Huddersfield) and Liverpool (via Warrington Bank Quay) for the rest of the route.
603:
Osborne suggested the line should be considered as part of a review of the second phase of High Speed 2. Initial estimates suggested a rail line with a 140 miles per hour (230 km/h) line speed, and Leeds–Manchester journey times reduced to
914:• Option 3 was the same as Option 2, but with a new central station underground at Warrington (still offering less convenient interchange to Bank Quay), and an underground station in the vicinity of the existing Bradford Interchange station.
2130:
7. HS3 between Leeds and Manchester : ÂŁ60 million has been announced to develop plans to cut journey times to around 30 minutes between Leeds and Manchester, as well as improving transport connections between other cities in the
1008:
it is important that connectivity is improved between (a) Sheffield and Leeds; (b) Sheffield and Manchester; (c) Sheffield and Hull; (d) Leeds and Hull; (e) and that Hull and the East Riding are reconnected to the Transpennine Main
798:
In December 2017, TfN announced a proposal for a new project called NPR. On 16 January 2018, TfN released their draft 30-year Strategic Transport Plan of staged developments for northern England. It included NPR with proposals for
571:
need to be high-speed. We refer to "east-west links" rather than "HS3" in this report as there is no clear indication yet what form or route the proposals might take or if the trains will be "high speed" in the same sense as HS2.
5581:
783:
Transport for the North is developing the NPR programme and is considering how the network forms part of the existing and future rail network of the north. ÂŁ60M of funding was provided to generate plans for a route by 2017.
721:, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne, endorsed the general proposals by the National Infrastructure Commission for a high speed line between only Manchester and Leeds, with an aim of reducing journey times to 30
2519:
863:
station site. The current food market, which is said to have outgrown the site, would be moved elsewhere. There has been no detail of exactly how the railway lines would access the station, however, the railway part of
354:, or, as currently called, the Great North Rail Project, was developed from a 2009 scheme to improve the rail network around Manchester. Schemes to improve the Leeds–Manchester line speed by 2014 were included in
1593:
717:. TfN's aspirational Manchester–Manchester Airport and Leeds–Sheffield journey times were identified as being achievable by the HS2 scheme, with modifications to through running to Sheffield city centre. At the
852:
the parkway station in Bradford. The people of Bradford, if they want to get to Leeds or Manchester, have to get in their car and what we have to absolutely be doing is stopping people getting in their car."
202:. The line was intended to improve journey times and frequency between major Northern cities as well as creating more capacity for local service on lines that express services would have been moved out from.
934:
In line with the Government's existing approach to rail enhancements, commitments will be made only to progress individual schemes up to the next stage of development, subject to a review of their readiness.
2648:
3791:
938:
It announced the cancellation of the eastern leg of the HS2 project, and that NPR would be slimmed down. The NPR line would now be built as a new high-speed line between Warrington, Manchester and
259:
with a stop at a new station in Bradford. The succeeding government said in its November 2022 financial statement that only the 'core' parts of NPR would be funded. The project is classified as an
979:
This announcement met with anger and disappointment from the Board of Transport for the North. However, they expressed a desire to work with the government. They laid out a number of criticisms.
2322:
791:
allocated £300M to future-proof junctions between NPR and HS2, to allow east–west services to use HS2 infrastructure. Later in the same month, it was proposed that an underground station for
2665:
2368:
1448:
683:, reported on transport infrastructure projects in the north of England. It recommended bringing forward HS3 proposals, beginning with the Manchester–Leeds section. The NIC's report,
5571:
3784:
995:
as the seventh most populous local authority area in England, Bradford would continue to have no direct rail access to Liverpool, Sheffield, Newcastle, Hull or Manchester Airport.
656:
in late 2014 also acknowledged the need for improved east–west transportation links in northern England, and recommended the progressing of the schemes in the 'One North' report.
613:
972:
if a third track is provided between Marsden and Huddersfield, it would support hourly freight paths, and once gauge clearance had been achieved, an hourly off-peak freight path;
2193:
2202:
These trains will be able to run at speeds of 125 miles per hour but they also have the capability of running at 140 miles per hour if the network allows for it in the future.
795:
should be built to accommodate the new services of up to eight trains per hour; an underground station would require less building work and still provide good links to HS2.
2258:
559:(HS2) is currently being constructed and is scheduled to come into service in the late 2020s. The HS3 designation implies the development of a third high-speed rail route.
896:
stated it is "very clearly not England and Wales" project. The Welsh Government stated it should be classed as "England-only" and the current classification was "wrong".
217:. Instead of building a dedicated high speed line to Leeds via Bradford the scaled back scheme will only provide dedicated high speed rail track from Manchester as far as
5561:
3777:
2397:
1601:
4561:
2975:
343:(TfN) and, according to analysis by TfN, currently fewer than 10,000 people in the North can access four or more of the North's largest economic centres within 60
5607:
5419:
2981:
1118:"New report: Closer running and post-Brexit investment to transform the capacity of Britain's railways: News from Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMECHE)"
839:
In March 2019, it was announced a new commission had been established to plan a new ÂŁ6bn city centre station in Liverpool to accommodate HS2 and NPR services.
1199:
828:
The outcome of the consultation on the draft Strategic Transport Plan should be an Outline Business Case, that was to have been submitted by the end of 2018.
1896:
1843:
2295:
5331:
4308:
2622:
5617:
5257:
2865:
2314:
1321:
2804:
2426:
2104:
3879:
3025:
2568:
620:
via York; commentators noted that the proposal could be viewed as an attempt to gain political support in the north of England in the run-up to the
5414:
2712:
1917:
1813:
927:
210:
2444:
1965:
989:
the plan would only provide eight fast trains per hour between Leeds and Manchester compared with the twelve provided by TfN's preferred option.
4796:
2781:
1388:
2229:
5346:
5326:
4831:
1440:
4451:
3634:
3394:
2215:
1155:
2028:
5460:
3988:
3629:
3440:
3424:
3231:
585:
563:
2818:
5602:
4941:
3665:
3419:
3236:
3429:
2479:
888:
described the decision as a push of "blatant lies", that the project "harms the Welsh economy" and that rail infrastructure should be
5021:
4486:
4013:
3640:
3579:
3434:
2504:
1672:
1537:
3650:
2179:
5126:
3948:
3035:
2520:"Bradford may not get city centre high speed rail stop if Manchester's ÂŁ6bn underground station is built, says Minister Jake Berry"
1639:
374:
million electrification of the trans-Pennine Manchester–Leeds line was given funding. Work started on the electrification in 2013.
1368:
255:
said that her government's plans for Northern Powerhouse Rail meant a full new high-speed rail line all the way from Liverpool to
236:
expressed concern that the evidence base for the IRP was insufficient and made a number of specific comments. These included that
5267:
4711:
4591:
3655:
3624:
3497:
3445:
3148:
3030:
2999:
2970:
2965:
2251:
1275:
809:
a new Trans Pennine rail line that connects Manchester and Leeds via Bradford (which currently has no through station, see below)
3645:
3209:
1518:
4886:
4781:
4114:
3968:
3953:
3660:
3450:
3199:
2858:
2492:
1301:"House of Commons Transport Committee: The Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands – Second Report of Session 2022–23"
986:
sharing capacity between inter-city, regional, local and freight services produces substantial operational problems and risks.
636:
and others were cautiously positive about the proposal, but emphasised the need to deliver on existing smaller scale schemes.
5465:
5242:
5096:
5071:
3689:
3517:
3460:
3455:
3413:
1025:
792:
544:
3869:
1574:
1557:
35:
Map, originally envisaged in 2017, showing suggested improvements in the Northern Powerhouse framework, partly labelled HS3.
5480:
5309:
5046:
4871:
4861:
4506:
4471:
4401:
4252:
4220:
3507:
3502:
1774:
1348:
729:
621:
5247:
4896:
4536:
4285:
4270:
3512:
3204:
3020:
2895:
975:
journey times to London and across the NPR core network will be similar to or faster than the original HS2 and NPR plans.
1982:
653:
306:
5525:
5388:
5273:
4851:
4761:
4741:
4721:
4516:
4291:
4214:
3619:
3537:
3527:
3522:
812:
significant upgrades along the corridor of the existing Hope Valley line between Sheffield and Manchester via Stockport
709:
minutes. A preliminary study by Network Rail did not rule out that the aspirational Leeds–Manchester journey time of 30
676:
735:
In August 2017, the former chancellor, George Osborne called for the Government to commit to NPR following backing of
5495:
5231:
5001:
4956:
4766:
4636:
4491:
4476:
4466:
4313:
4245:
3902:
2851:
2831:
1792:
1682:
1649:
856:
633:
5086:
4876:
4806:
4611:
4566:
4346:
2905:
2874:
2123:
1012:
electrification should be reinstated as part of improved East West decarbonised freight and passenger connectivity.
705:) utilising disused track plus new-build tunnels, and identified potential journey time savings of between 1 and 10
2765:
1902:
5520:
5304:
5221:
5061:
4966:
4696:
4616:
4546:
4521:
4102:
3978:
3963:
3004:
1946:
1615:
860:
4891:
4496:
1753:
1300:
1136:
1080:
1001:
the limitation of six trains per hour on the East Coast Main Line could be removed by re-opening the mothballed
5435:
5368:
5167:
4976:
4836:
4801:
4786:
4631:
4576:
4441:
4351:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3130:
2806:
The Northern Powerhouse : One Agenda, One Economy, One North – A report on the Northern Transport Strategy
2597:
2458:
1705:
943:
904:
In the Technical Annex to the IRP the TfN proposals that had been considered were summarised as three options.
644:
On 5 August 2014, an alliance of six city councils—Leeds, Liverpool, Hull, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne and
214:
4621:
942:. The rest of the line would be developed on existing routes, from Liverpool to Warrington using the southern
5500:
5450:
5141:
5136:
5101:
5036:
4961:
4906:
4701:
4436:
4264:
4191:
3943:
3933:
3928:
3349:
3015:
625:
191:
2037:
5490:
5485:
5393:
5076:
5026:
5016:
5011:
4991:
4881:
4866:
4856:
4811:
4736:
4681:
4551:
4541:
4368:
4157:
3301:
3051:
3009:
2994:
629:
616:
suggested that planners should look at connecting other northern cities such as Liverpool, and potentially
543:
NPR has often been referred to in the press as "High Speed 3" or "HS3", in reference to the development of
355:
213:(IRP). Under the IRP the existing lines to Warrington from Liverpool will be upgraded, using the southern
2349:
2337:
1420:
824:
significant upgrades to existing line from Leeds to Hull (via Selby) and Sheffield to Hull (via Doncaster)
5399:
5278:
5066:
5056:
4826:
4821:
4686:
4456:
4426:
4421:
3973:
3138:
3120:
2989:
2790:
669:
589:
2276:
1229:
697:
commissioned by the NIC studied additional improvements on the Manchester–Leeds route, focussing on the
5530:
5116:
5031:
4986:
4981:
4936:
4901:
4771:
4671:
4646:
4601:
4596:
4481:
4416:
4406:
4090:
4008:
3938:
3887:
3405:
3311:
3293:
3259:
2194:"TransPennine Express and Angel Trains orders 95 intercity rail carriages from UK manufacturer Hitachi"
1050:
718:
698:
597:
233:
1821:
5612:
5515:
5510:
5475:
5455:
5445:
5440:
5357:
5293:
5216:
5041:
5006:
4996:
4926:
4916:
4846:
4726:
4676:
4666:
4641:
4586:
4556:
4531:
4511:
4446:
4233:
4162:
4079:
3923:
3918:
3897:
3769:
3675:
3573:
3555:
3478:
3470:
3389:
3336:
3250:
2252:"Northern Powerhouse Rail: Bringing our city regions closer together Emerging vision for the network"
170:, is a proposed major rail programme designed to substantially enhance the economic potential of the
4197:
3191:
1382:
5535:
5211:
5121:
5051:
4971:
4951:
4911:
4816:
4791:
4756:
4501:
4411:
4319:
4120:
3958:
3611:
3489:
3214:
3143:
2951:
608:
minutes. Osborne estimated the cost to be less per mile than that of HS2, giving a cost of under ÂŁ6
1402:
628:
characterised the proposal as a "headline grabbing vanity project designed to attract votes". The
5505:
5470:
5341:
5236:
5162:
4921:
4776:
4751:
4746:
4716:
4691:
4656:
4581:
4571:
4431:
4258:
4108:
4068:
4018:
3983:
3089:
2942:
2726:
1878:
939:
893:
689:
340:
218:
144:
3094:
1470:
953:
The benefits of this plan compared to the previous proposals are stated as being that it would:
5352:
5226:
5111:
5106:
5091:
5081:
4651:
4626:
4461:
4396:
4379:
3359:
3181:
2545:
Parsons, Rob (23 March 2021). "High -speed rail station could 'help power up city's economy'".
1441:"Journey times across the north of England could be halved under multi-million pound HS3 plans"
859:
has been earmarked to be located on the current St James' Market, itself built upon the former
776:
760:
2623:"Conservatives slammed over rail funding after reports Wales is set to miss out on ÂŁ1 billion"
2230:"Place North West | Underground Northern Powerhouse Rail station proposed for Piccadilly"
5298:
5262:
4946:
4731:
4526:
4185:
4084:
4073:
3364:
1322:"PM Liz Truss says Bradford will get a new station as part of Northern Powerhouse Rail plans"
1250:
175:
70:
2829:
2518:
2355:
2343:
2282:
1426:
1101:
4931:
4841:
4374:
4330:
4096:
992:
the proposed line upgrades would cause much greater disruption than constructing new lines.
865:
819:
752:
3099:
3079:
2061:
875:
as an "England and Wales" project, although no infrastructure for the project would be in
668:
route options for Liverpool and Sheffield-Leeds. The development options were planned for
8:
5373:
4606:
4363:
4302:
4203:
3859:
3074:
3069:
1040:
926:
In November 2021, the proposals were substantially curtailed with the publication of the
347:
minutes. This could rise to around 1.3 million once High Speed North is fully delivered.
290:
2085:
2049:
998:
as a key destination, Liverpool has insufficient capacity with just Lime Street Station.
983:
the plan would not deliver the long-term changes needed to level up the North’s economy.
815:
Leeds to Sheffield delivered through HS2 Phase 2B and upgrading the route from Sheffield
747:
5157:
4325:
4179:
4167:
4063:
3722:
3104:
1362:
714:
694:
617:
274:
256:
3379:
2584:
Use the overlay slider to see the current site versus the Adolphus Street station site
5404:
5383:
5363:
5314:
5252:
4280:
4228:
4136:
3864:
3084:
2775:
2738:
2550:
1678:
1645:
1030:
947:
311:
261:
222:
3374:
1499:
1117:
806:
capacity at Manchester Piccadilly station for around eight through services per hour
5172:
5131:
4706:
4661:
4340:
2959:
2073:
1045:
889:
566:(March 2015) stated that there was no firm definition of the route implied by HS3:
327:
171:
59:
2143:
562:
Historically, the use of the term High Speed 3 has been loose—the House of Lords'
5378:
4208:
3827:
3600:
3563:
3325:
3153:
2885:
2161:
880:
378:
Current and expected service frequencies and journey times from High Speed North
179:
86:
2830:
Local Transport Authorities of Transport for the North (TfN) (16 January 2018),
1016:
Doubt has been cast on the magnitude of the reduction in journey times claimed.
957:
deliver benefits sooner, including decarbonisation of the Transpennine corridor;
5288:
5283:
4173:
4148:
4141:
4125:
3837:
3832:
3344:
2761:
2686:
2010:
1674:
High Speed 2: a review of early programme preparation, Department for Transport
1173:
788:
593:
555:, which opened 2003–2007. The southern phase of a second high-speed line named
552:
336:
248:
136:
5596:
5409:
5336:
3892:
2742:
2554:
1060:
1055:
1002:
843:
206:
96:
612:
billion. Initial responses to the proposal were mixed: Jeremy Acklam of the
4357:
4297:
4057:
3848:
3843:
3697:
3681:
3319:
3161:
2843:
2216:"Conservatives announce ÂŁ400 million for Northern Powerhouse road and rail"
1533:
1514:
1495:
1035:
702:
665:
556:
548:
351:
226:
187:
49:
4335:
4131:
3384:
1860:
1731:
1594:"Bridge works mark the start of Manchester – Stalybridge electrification"
885:
872:
736:
680:
108:
1991:
1713:
House of Lords Economic Affairs Committee, 1st Report of Session 2014–15
3061:
2344:& Local Transport Authorities of Transport for the North (TfN) 2018
1427:& Local Transport Authorities of Transport for the North (TfN) 2018
848:
803:
a new line between Liverpool and the HS2 Manchester Spur via Warrington
359:
270:
3799:
535:
4239:
2687:"HS2 rail extension to Leeds scrapped amid promise to transform rail"
1677:. National Audit Office/The Stationery Office. 2013. pp. 14–15.
675:
In March 2016, the newly established governmental advisory body, the
645:
282:
278:
252:
183:
2792:
Rebalancing Britain – From HS2 towards a national transport strategy
960:
deliver improvements to transport between Leeds and Bradford sooner;
3545:
3369:
2928:
2598:"Wales misses out on ÂŁ1bn from a second major English rail project"
2315:"Four cities, 1 hour, 1.3m people: new northern rail plan revealed"
771:
mph with minor modifications to take advantage of future upgrades (
323:
318:
199:
2816:
2713:"Unanimous Response from Northern Leaders to Integrated Rail Plan"
2091:
2079:
2067:
2055:
2043:
1775:"George Osborne calls for new Manchester to Leeds high-speed rail"
1403:"High Speed North will be built in full, says transport secretary"
1384:
National Infrastructure Commission's Annual Monitoring Report 2020
3354:
2649:"Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands Technical Annex"
2356:
Local Transport Authorities of Transport for the North (TfN) 2018
2283:
Local Transport Authorities of Transport for the North (TfN) 2018
1641:
The completion and sale of High Speed 1: Department for Transport
3762:* An asterisk indicates overlap with conventional services.
5319:
3594:
879:. As a result of the classification, Wales would not receive a
547:. The first high-speed railway line to be built in Britain was
30:
1349:"Autumn Statement: Northern Powerhouse Rail to be 'core' only"
350:
A plan to improve rail journey times in northern England, the
3283:
3277:
3272:
3267:
2030:
High Speed North: A National Infrastructure Commission Report
876:
363:
195:
2505:
Johnson promises new rail route between Leeds and Manchester
1793:"George Osborne to propose Leeds-Manchester 'HS3' rail link"
1558:"Network Rail electric lines await chancellor's green light"
2398:"Transport for the North Chief Executive Consultation Call"
1927:
286:
2369:"Civil engineering insights into Northern Powerhouse Rail"
2296:"Strategic Transport Plan for northern England published"
2180:"George Osborne urges HS3 rail link for Northern England"
1156:"HS2 suffers setback as legislation delayed by 12 months"
293:
and Hull, as well as other significant economic centres.
1387:, National Infrastructure Commission, 2020, p. 16,
818:
Leeds to Newcastle via HS2 junction and upgrades to the
5420:
York, Hull and East and West Yorkshire Junction Railway
2833:
Strategic Transport Plan: Draft for public consultation
2802:
2112:, HM Treasury, March 2016, § 1.232, 1.241, 1.291, 2.265
2011:"HS3 rail link needs 'kick-starting', report concludes"
1997:
1987:(Press release), Department of transport, 20 March 2015
1966:"140mph trains for the North as new HS3 plans revealed"
1879:"One North – A Proposition for an Interconnected North"
1582:, HM Treasury, November 2011, 1.91, pp.31–2; A.18, p.54
739:
and scrapping of electrification schemes in July 2017.
265:
project, facing criticism from some Welsh politicians.
1732:"High-speed rail link needed to boost north – Osborne"
2729:(January 2022). "ECML Upgrade: DfT Jumps the Shark".
2257:. Transport for the North. December 2017. p. 5.
1844:"Osborne's HS3 is a 'costly vanity project' says IEA"
1644:. National Audit Office/The Stationery Office. 2012.
755:
introduced an intercity fleet capable of at least 125
209:
government significantly curtailed the scheme in the
2770:(speech), Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester
2480:
Commission to plan new Liverpool city centre station
1861:"Five cities outline ÂŁ15bn One North transport plan"
1471:"Northern Powerhouse Rail | Transport for the North"
963:
provide improved connectivity within West Yorkshire;
664:
minutes; the proposals were in addition to existing
5332:
Highclere, Kingsclere and Basingstoke Light Railway
2033:, National Infrastructure Commission, 15 March 2016
5258:Docklands Light Railway extension to Dagenham Dock
3800:Rail infrastructure projects in the United Kingdom
2306:
1984:Revolutionary plans for northern transport set out
1200:"High Speed Two From Concept to Reality July 2017"
2817:National Infrastructure Commission (March 2016),
2666:"Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands"
1276:"Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands"
732:urged the Government to prioritise HS3 over HS2.
5594:
5415:York and North Midland Railway (Leeds Extension)
2495:. Construction Inquirer. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
2244:
1947:"Major rail investment plans for North unveiled"
1918:"HS2 report backs trans-Pennine high-speed link"
1174:"HS2: North West and Yorkshire Routes Confirmed"
871:On 17 March 2023, the project was classified by
16:Proposed railway network in the North of England
2125:Budget 2016: some of the things we've announced
928:Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands
614:Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
211:Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands
194:. From there, the line would have continued to
5608:High-speed railway lines in the United Kingdom
3870:West Midlands Metro extension to Brierley Hill
2427:"Council leader calls for new railway station"
2162:"IPPR urges government to prioritise HS3 link"
1192:
969:allow for a more staged construction schedule;
5347:Lancashire, Derbyshire and East Coast Railway
5327:Headcorn and Maidstone Junction Light Railway
3785:
2859:
2493:Liverpool launches plans for new ÂŁ6bn station
2144:"Budget 2016 summary: Key points at-a-glance"
2128:(press release), HM Treasury, 16 March 2016,
247:In October 2022, early on in her short-lived
2873:
1754:"HS3 Line From Leeds To Manchester Outlined"
1432:
1367:, National Infrastructure Commission, 2016,
1138:Northern Powerhouse Rail - Research Briefing
178:. The original scheme would have seen a new
2767:Chancellor: 'We need a Northern powerhouse'
1963:
1715:, Stationery Office, §323, p.95, March 2015
767:mph) with some capable of travelling at 140
5389:Robertsbridge & Pevensey Light Railway
3792:
3778:
2866:
2852:
2780:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
639:
551:(HS1), the route connecting London to the
312:Huddersfield line/North Transpennine Route
5618:Rail infrastructure in the United Kingdom
2654:. Department for Transport. January 2022.
1841:
1811:
586:Manchester Museum of Science and Industry
328:Hope Valley line/South Transpennine Route
310:Many Manchester–Leeds trains run via the
166:), sometimes referred to unofficially as
5289:Oxford-Bletchley/Bedford Electrification
2482:. Insider Media. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
1532:
1513:
1494:
746:
534:
370:minutes. In 2011, the approximately ÂŁ290
317:
305:
221:, where the line will join the upgraded
5268:Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway
2788:
2760:
2595:
2544:
2516:
2092:National Infrastructure Commission 2016
2080:National Infrastructure Commission 2016
2068:National Infrastructure Commission 2016
2056:National Infrastructure Commission 2016
2044:National Infrastructure Commission 2016
1933:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1665:
1438:
1134:
584:In June 2014, at a speech given at the
5595:
5194:
2921:
2803:Transport for the North (March 2015),
2213:
1915:
930:(IRP). It contained the proviso that:
842:In July 2019, the then Prime Minister
725:minutes between the two destinations.
5243:Cranbrook and Tenterden Light Railway
5217:Bordesley to Birmingham Curzon Street
5193:
4040:
4039:
3809:
3773:
2847:
1807:
1805:
1790:
1768:
1766:
1555:
1227:
1026:High speed rail in the United Kingdom
899:
787:In October 2017, the then Chancellor
545:high-speed rail in the United Kingdom
186:to Warrington continuing to join the
5577:
5310:Heathrow Airport transport proposals
4221:Heathrow Airport transport proposals
3810:
2901:
2725:
2459:"Northern Powerhouse Rail Factsheet"
2312:
1772:
1742:
1719:
1346:
946:and from Marsden to Leeds using the
742:
358:improvements, with an aim to reduce
234:House of Commons Transport Committee
5248:Cromarty and Dingwall Light Railway
4286:Oxford, Witney and Fairford Railway
4271:North and West London Light Railway
2737:(880). Key Publishing Ltd.: 30–32.
2214:Walker, Jonathan (1 October 2017).
1814:"HS3 to boost economy in the North"
1632:
730:Institute of Public Policy Research
579:, Economic Affairs Committee (2015)
13:
5227:Central Line extension to Richmond
5222:Cardiff to Swansea electrification
2517:Parsons, Rob (29 September 2019).
1964:Riley-Smith, Ben (20 March 2015),
1842:Armistead, Louise (23 June 2014),
1812:Pultarova, Tereza (23 June 2014),
1802:
1763:
1391:from the original on 17 March 2024
1371:from the original on 17 March 2024
677:National Infrastructure Commission
14:
5629:
5603:Proposed railway lines in England
4314:Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway
4246:Western Rail Approach to Heathrow
2325:from the original on 31 July 2018
2264:from the original on 31 July 2018
2046:, Recommendations 5 & 6, p.9.
1916:Barrow, Keith (27 October 2014),
1898:Osborne Pledge on Northern Cities
1451:from the original on 31 July 2018
1439:Britton, Paul (26 October 2014).
1347:Ford, Martin (17 November 2022).
1228:Smale, Katherine (28 June 2019).
1135:Pickett, Lewis (25 August 2022).
779:on test at King's Cross station).
713:minutes could be achieved on the
634:Confederation of British Industry
277:, Leeds, Bradford, Huddersfield,
190:tunnel which it would share into
5576:
5567:
5566:
5557:
5556:
5232:Central Line Extension to Denham
4347:Swansea Bay and West Wales Metro
4253:Leicester–Burton upon Trent line
2900:
2891:
2890:
1598:www.networkrailmediacentre.co.uk
539:The HS1 and HS2 routes in the UK
29:
5305:Hebridean Light Railway Company
2789:Higgins, David (October 2014),
2719:
2705:
2679:
2658:
2641:
2615:
2596:Hayward, Will (17 March 2023).
2589:
2561:
2538:
2510:
2498:
2485:
2472:
2451:
2437:
2419:
2390:
2361:
2313:Pidd, Helen (16 January 2018).
2288:
2222:
2207:
2186:
2172:
2154:
2136:
2116:
2097:
2021:
2003:
1975:
1957:
1939:
1909:
1901:, 5 August 2014, archived from
1889:
1871:
1853:
1835:
1784:
1773:Watt, Nicholas (23 June 2014),
1752:Farrell, Jason (23 June 2014),
1706:"The Economics of High Speed 2"
1698:
1608:
1600:, 9 August 2013, archived from
1586:
1567:
1556:Milmo, Dan (28 November 2011),
1549:
1526:
1507:
1488:
1463:
1395:
1375:
1355:
1340:
1314:
1293:
1268:
1144:. The House of Commons Library.
1106:, Transport for the North, 2020
857:new through station at Bradford
5369:North Holderness Light Railway
5168:Wisbech and March Bramley Line
4797:Leeds Bradford Airport Parkway
2491:Prior, Grant (13 March 2019).
2478:Ord, Matthew (15 March 2019).
1243:
1221:
1166:
1160:www.railtechnologymagazine.com
1148:
1128:
1110:
1094:
1073:
921:
1:
5394:St Germans & Looe Railway
4832:Manchester Airport High Speed
4192:Formartine and Buchan Railway
4168:Leamington Spa–Aynho Junction
3350:LGV Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
1791:Groom, Brian (23 June 2014),
1066:
966:offer better value for money;
626:Institute of Economic Affairs
577:The Economics of High Speed 2
301:
192:Manchester Piccadilly station
4452:Beeston Castle and Tarporley
1998:Transport for the North 2015
1539:Railway Upgrade Plan 2017/18
630:British Chambers of Commerce
322:Railway routes crossing the
7:
5572:Cancelled projects category
5461:Doncaster Sheffield Airport
5400:Superlink (railway network)
5279:Edinburgh Airport Rail Link
4103:Carmarthen–Aberystwyth line
3840:(Oxford to Bedford section)
1230:"HS2 fights for its future"
1019:
670:Network Rail Control Period
590:Chancellor of the Exchequer
530:
10:
5634:
5562:Proposed projects category
5531:West Hampstead interchange
4512:Cambourne (Cambridgeshire)
4360:(Uckfield–Lewes reopening)
4352:Walsall–Wolverhampton line
3000:Lanzhou (Xining)–Guangzhou
2896:High-speed rail by country
2753:
2569:"Bradford Adolphus Street"
2445:"Great North Rail Project"
1251:"Northern Powerhouse Rail"
1209:. Department for Transport
1081:"Northern Powerhouse Rail"
1051:TransPennine Route Upgrade
598:economies of agglomeration
564:Economic Affairs Committee
296:
5552:
5428:
5358:Mid-Suffolk Light Railway
5294:Glasgow Airport Rail Link
5274:East Sussex Light Railway
5204:
5200:
5189:
5150:
5022:Stonehouse (Bristol Road)
4389:
4234:Heathrow Southern Railway
4080:Bristol Airport Rail Link
4050:
4046:
4035:
3911:
3878:
3820:
3816:
3805:
3760:
3746:
3734:
3717:
3710:
3688:
3674:
3610:
3587:
3572:
3554:
3536:
3488:
3469:
3404:
3390:LGV Sud Europe Atlantique
3335:
3310:
3292:
3258:
3249:
3224:
3190:
3174:
3149:Suseo–Pyeongtaek HSR Line
3129:
3113:
3060:
3044:
2950:
2941:
2914:
2881:
944:Liverpool–Manchester line
884:to the Welsh Government.
388:
385:
382:
215:Liverpool–Manchester line
143:
107:
102:
92:
82:
77:
65:
55:
45:
40:
28:
23:
5212:Advanced Passenger Train
4320:South Staffordshire line
4276:Northern Powerhouse Rail
4121:Coventry Very Light Rail
3949:Birmingham Curzon Street
3854:Northern Powerhouse Rail
2976:Harbin–Hong Kong (Macau)
2875:High-speed railway lines
2431:www.rochdaleonline.co.uk
2407:. 9 June 2021. p. 3
1520:Great North Rail Project
1103:Northern Powerhouse Rail
918:The IRP chose Option 1.
160:Northern Powerhouse Rail
71:transportforthenorth.com
24:Northern Powerhouse Rail
5342:Kingsbridge to Salcombe
5237:Chessington branch line
5163:Norfolk Orbital Railway
4722:Greenfield (Flintshire)
4712:Gloucestershire Parkway
4432:Balgray railway station
4309:Skipton–Colne Rail Link
4158:Coventry–Leamington Spa
4109:Cirencester branch line
4069:Bakerloo line extension
3601:St. Petersburg-Helsinki
3395:LGV Perpignan–Barcelona
3326:St. Petersburg-Helsinki
3090:Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen
2405:Transport for the North
1475:Transport for the North
1445:Manchester Evening News
1255:Transport for the North
894:Welsh Liberal Democrats
690:Manchester City Council
640:Support and development
341:Transport for the North
330:(Manchester–Sheffield).
219:Marsden, West Yorkshire
5353:Leeds and York Railway
4887:Okehampton Interchange
4477:Broughton (Flintshire)
4215:Heathfield Branch Line
4115:Consett–Newcastle line
3969:Darlaston James Bridge
3954:Birmingham Interchange
3360:LGV Interconnexion Est
2507:Sky News; 27 July 2019
936:
916:
780:
654:High Speed Two Limited
582:
540:
386:Journey time (hr:min)
331:
315:
245:
205:However, in 2021, the
5526:Watford Vicarage Road
5466:Doncaster (York Road)
5299:Hawkhurst branch line
5263:Dawlish Avoiding Line
5072:Vauxhall (Merseyside)
4792:Langport and Somerton
4487:Brentford Golden Mile
4186:Fleetwood branch line
4085:Brentford branch line
4058:Aberdare–Hirwaun Line
3944:Belfast Grand Central
3164:(Cheongnyangni-Dodam)
2447:. Network Rail. 2022.
1883:www.manchester.gov.uk
1576:Autumn Statement 2011
932:
906:
881:Barnett consequential
793:Manchester Piccadilly
750:
622:2015 general election
568:
538:
444:Manchester–Sheffield
410:Manchester–Liverpool
321:
309:
238:
176:Industrial Revolution
5047:Thornhill (Dumfries)
4977:Sharnal Street / Hoo
4907:Oxford Business Park
4872:Newport West Central
4862:Newbiggin-by-the-Sea
4375:Windsor Link Railway
4331:St Andrews Rail Link
4292:Ringwood branch line
4132:Crossrail 2 (London)
4097:Bordon Light Railway
3595:Moscow–St.Petersburg
3441:Nuremberg–Ingolstadt
2198:TransPennine Express
1936:, pp. 9, 34–36.
866:Bradford Interchange
820:East Coast Main Line
753:TransPennine Express
728:In August 2016, the
5374:Ouse Valley Railway
4982:Oxford Science Park
4902:Oxford Science Park
4897:Old Oak Common Lane
4782:King's Road Chelsea
4364:West London Orbital
4303:Skelmersdale branch
4259:Lisburn–Antrim line
4204:MetroWest (Bristol)
3989:Northumberland Park
3898:Kettering–Sheffield
3860:Northumberland Line
3635:Barcelona–Perpignan
3479:Athens–Thessaloniki
3302:Copenhagen–Ringsted
3075:Hokuriku Shinkansen
3070:Hokkaido Shinkansen
2982:Guangzhou–Hong Kong
2715:. 25 November 2021.
2675:. 18 November 2021.
1922:www.railjournal.com
1604:on 25 December 2014
1041:Northern Powerhouse
715:Calder Valley route
650:Rebalancing Britain
379:
366:journey times by 15
5195:Cancelled projects
5158:Don Valley Railway
4762:Horsforth Woodside
4517:Canterbury Parkway
4380:York–Beverley line
4326:Southern Crossrail
4265:Cowley branch line
4180:Fawley branch line
4064:Aberdeen Crossrail
3893:East Kilbride line
3723:Northeast Corridor
3630:Madrid–Extremadura
3580:Grodzisk–Zawiercie
3435:Mannheim–Stuttgart
3232:Tashkent–Samarkand
3105:TĹŤkaidĹŤ Shinkansen
3021:Lianyungang–Ürümqi
3005:Suifenhe–Manzhouli
2929:Casablanca–Tangier
2693:. 18 November 2021
2547:The Yorkshire Post
2525:The Yorkshire Post
1951:www.railnews.co.uk
1180:. 15 November 2016
900:Summary of options
781:
679:(NIC), chaired by
618:North East England
541:
391:(trains per hour)
377:
356:Network Rail's CP5
332:
316:
275:Manchester Airport
232:In July 2022, the
87:High speed railway
5590:
5589:
5548:
5547:
5544:
5543:
5496:Queens Road (GER)
5405:Tees Valley Metro
5396:(never completed)
5384:Regional Eurostar
5364:Nightstar (train)
5360:(never completed)
5349:(never completed)
5315:Heathrow Airtrack
5301:(never completed)
5270:(never completed)
5253:Croxley Rail Link
5239:(never completed)
5185:
5184:
5181:
5180:
5151:Heritage railways
4957:Roseberry Parkway
4637:East Midlands Hub
4492:Brinsford Parkway
4467:Bradford St James
4281:North Wales Metro
4229:Heathrow Airtrack
4174:Bedford–Cambridge
4163:Coventry–Nuneaton
4137:Crossrail Glasgow
4041:Proposed projects
4031:
4030:
4027:
4026:
3865:South Wales Metro
3767:
3766:
3756:
3730:
3729:
3706:
3705:
3451:Rastatt–Offenburg
3420:Cologne–Frankfurt
3245:
3244:
3237:Samarkand–Bukhara
3165:
3157:
3156:(Wonju-Gangneung)
3139:Gyeongbu HSR Line
3100:TĹŤhoku Shinkansen
3095:San'yĹŤ Shinkansen
3085:Kyushu Shinkansen
3080:JĹŤetsu Shinkansen
3036:Guangzhou–Kunming
2984:
2971:Beijing–Hong Kong
2937:
2936:
2302:, 16 January 2018
2232:. 16 October 2017
2182:. 22 August 2017.
2000:, pp. 19–21.
1616:"NPR At A Glance"
1090:. 25 August 2022.
1031:Huddersfield Line
948:TransPennine line
890:devolved to Wales
743:Later development
528:
527:
427:Manchester–Leeds
389:Service frequency
262:England and Wales
223:TransPennine line
157:
156:
5625:
5613:Northern England
5580:
5579:
5570:
5569:
5560:
5559:
5202:
5201:
5191:
5190:
5173:Honeybourne Line
4877:Newton Longville
4807:Liverpool Baltic
4567:Chipping Sodbury
4341:Sutton Park line
4198:Maid Marian line
4091:Bolton–Bury line
4074:Barrow Hill line
4048:
4047:
4037:
4036:
3856:(Hull–Liverpool)
3818:
3817:
3811:Current projects
3807:
3806:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3771:
3770:
3755:
3715:
3714:
3641:Madrid–Barcelona
3498:Bologna–Florence
3461:Wolfsburg–Berlin
3446:Nuremberg–Erfurt
3430:Hanover–Würzburg
3365:LGV Méditerranée
3256:
3255:
3163:
3155:
3154:Gyeonggang Line
3031:Shanghai–Kunming
3026:Shanghai–Chengdu
3016:Qingdao–Yinchuan
2980:
2966:Beijing–Shanghai
2960:Coastal corridor
2948:
2947:
2919:
2918:
2904:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2868:
2861:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2838:
2826:
2825:
2820:High Speed North
2813:
2811:
2799:
2797:
2785:
2779:
2771:
2764:(23 June 2014),
2747:
2746:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2670:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2645:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2634:
2619:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2579:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2522:
2514:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2489:
2483:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2463:
2455:
2449:
2448:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2402:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2373:
2365:
2359:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2200:. 1 April 2016.
2190:
2184:
2183:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2168:. 8 August 2016.
2158:
2152:
2151:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2120:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2101:
2095:
2089:
2083:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2047:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2007:
2001:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1961:
1955:
1954:
1943:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1905:on 8 August 2014
1893:
1887:
1886:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1865:BBC News England
1857:
1851:
1850:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1820:, archived from
1818:eandt.theiet.org
1809:
1800:
1799:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1728:
1717:
1716:
1710:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1636:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1620:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1571:
1565:
1564:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1364:High Speed North
1359:
1353:
1352:
1344:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1328:. 3 October 2022
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1114:
1108:
1107:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1085:
1077:
1046:The Northern Way
770:
766:
758:
724:
712:
708:
685:High Speed North
663:
611:
607:
588:, the incumbent
580:
512:Leeds–Newcastle
478:Sheffield–Leeds
380:
376:
373:
369:
346:
172:North of England
152:
139:
133:
131:
130:
126:
123:
115:
73:
60:Northern England
33:
21:
20:
5633:
5632:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5540:
5521:Thorpe-in-Balne
5424:
5379:Picc-Vic tunnel
5196:
5177:
5146:
5127:Wootton Bassett
5062:Torquay Gateway
4967:Rushden Parkway
4697:Glasgow Airport
4622:Devizes Parkway
4617:Deeside Parkway
4547:Castle Bromwich
4522:Cardiff Parkway
4385:
4209:Hall Farm Curve
4042:
4023:
3979:Moseley Village
3964:Cambridge South
3907:
3880:Electrification
3874:
3828:Camden Highline
3812:
3801:
3798:
3768:
3763:
3754:
3742:
3726:
3702:
3684:
3670:
3606:
3583:
3568:
3564:Gardermoen Line
3550:
3532:
3484:
3465:
3400:
3380:LGV RhĂ´ne-Alpes
3331:
3306:
3288:
3241:
3220:
3200:Ankara–Istanbul
3186:
3170:
3125:
3109:
3056:
3040:
3010:Beijing–Lanzhou
2995:Beijing–Kunming
2933:
2910:
2886:High-speed rail
2877:
2872:
2842:
2836:
2823:
2812:, HM Government
2809:
2795:
2773:
2772:
2762:Osborne, George
2756:
2751:
2750:
2731:Modern Railways
2724:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2668:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2632:
2630:
2629:. 18 March 2023
2621:
2620:
2616:
2606:
2604:
2594:
2590:
2577:
2575:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2543:
2539:
2529:
2527:
2515:
2511:
2503:
2499:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2473:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2354:
2350:
2342:
2338:
2328:
2326:
2311:
2307:
2300:Railway Gazette
2294:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2235:
2233:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2212:
2208:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2150:, 16 March 2016
2142:
2141:
2137:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2090:
2086:
2078:
2074:
2070:, §3.31 – 3.32.
2066:
2062:
2054:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2027:
2026:
2022:
2017:, 15 March 2016
2009:
2008:
2004:
1996:
1992:
1981:
1980:
1976:
1962:
1958:
1953:, 20 March 2015
1945:
1944:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1914:
1910:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1867:, 5 August 2014
1859:
1858:
1854:
1840:
1836:
1827:
1825:
1824:on 26 June 2014
1810:
1803:
1789:
1785:
1771:
1764:
1750:
1743:
1730:
1729:
1720:
1708:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1638:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1609:
1592:
1591:
1587:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1531:
1527:
1512:
1508:
1493:
1489:
1479:
1477:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1407:Financial Times
1401:
1400:
1396:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1345:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1222:
1212:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1183:
1181:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1141:
1133:
1129:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1069:
1022:
924:
902:
861:Adolphus Street
768:
764:
756:
745:
722:
710:
706:
661:
642:
609:
605:
581:
575:
533:
461:Sheffield–Hull
390:
371:
367:
344:
304:
299:
198:with a stop at
180:high-speed rail
150:
145:Electrification
135:
128:
124:
121:
119:
118:4 ft
117:
113:
69:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5631:
5621:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5588:
5587:
5585:
5584:
5574:
5564:
5553:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5545:
5542:
5541:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5436:Barrhead (New)
5432:
5430:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5355:
5350:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5324:
5323:
5322:
5317:
5307:
5302:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5284:Electric Spine
5281:
5276:
5271:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5208:
5206:
5198:
5197:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5182:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5154:
5152:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
5002:St Anne's Park
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4837:March Elm Road
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4802:Leeds New Lane
4799:
4794:
4789:
4787:Ladbroke Grove
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4577:Cottam Parkway
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4442:Barcombe Mills
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4344:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4317:
4311:
4306:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4236:
4231:
4218:
4212:
4206:
4201:
4195:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4149:Electric Spine
4145:
4142:Darlaston Loop
4139:
4134:
4129:
4126:Cranleigh line
4123:
4118:
4112:
4106:
4100:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4077:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4054:
4052:
4044:
4043:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4025:
4024:
4022:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4004:Seaton Delaval
4001:
3999:Pineapple Road
3996:
3994:Old Oak Common
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3884:
3882:
3876:
3875:
3873:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3838:East West Rail
3835:
3833:Camp Hill line
3830:
3824:
3822:
3814:
3813:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3774:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3694:
3692:
3690:United Kingdom
3686:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3672:
3671:
3669:
3668:
3666:Madrid–Levante
3663:
3658:
3656:Madrid–Seville
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3632:
3627:
3625:Madrid–Galicia
3622:
3616:
3614:
3608:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3598:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3578:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3567:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3542:
3540:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3518:Naples–Salerno
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3494:
3492:
3486:
3485:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3473:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3456:Wendlingen–Ulm
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3427:
3425:Erfurt–Leipzig
3422:
3417:
3410:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3375:LGV Rhin-RhĂ´ne
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3345:LGV Atlantique
3341:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3323:
3316:
3314:
3308:
3307:
3305:
3304:
3298:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3275:
3270:
3264:
3262:
3253:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3239:
3234:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3168:
3159:
3151:
3146:
3144:Honam HSR Line
3141:
3135:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2990:Hohhot–Nanning
2987:
2986:
2985:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2956:
2954:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2925:
2923:
2916:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2898:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2856:
2848:
2841:
2840:
2827:
2814:
2800:
2786:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2718:
2704:
2678:
2657:
2640:
2614:
2588:
2560:
2537:
2509:
2497:
2484:
2471:
2450:
2436:
2418:
2389:
2360:
2348:
2336:
2305:
2287:
2275:
2243:
2221:
2206:
2185:
2171:
2153:
2135:
2115:
2096:
2084:
2072:
2060:
2048:
2036:
2020:
2002:
1990:
1974:
1956:
1938:
1926:
1908:
1888:
1870:
1852:
1834:
1801:
1783:
1762:
1741:
1738:, 23 June 2014
1718:
1697:
1683:
1664:
1650:
1631:
1607:
1585:
1566:
1548:
1525:
1506:
1487:
1462:
1431:
1419:
1394:
1374:
1354:
1339:
1313:
1292:
1267:
1242:
1220:
1191:
1165:
1147:
1127:
1122:www.pandct.com
1109:
1093:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1006:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
977:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
923:
920:
901:
898:
855:The site of a
826:
825:
822:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
789:Philip Hammond
744:
741:
641:
638:
594:George Osborne
573:
553:Channel Tunnel
532:
529:
526:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
509:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
492:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
475:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
458:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
441:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
424:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
407:
406:
403:
400:
397:
393:
392:
387:
384:
337:Greater London
303:
300:
298:
295:
155:
154:
153:kV AC overhead
147:
141:
140:
137:standard gauge
111:
105:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
75:
74:
67:
63:
62:
57:
53:
52:
47:
43:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5630:
5619:
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5583:
5575:
5573:
5565:
5563:
5555:
5554:
5551:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5501:Richboro Port
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5451:Collywell Bay
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5427:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5410:UK Ultraspeed
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5348:
5345:
5343:
5340:
5338:
5337:InterCity 250
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5199:
5192:
5188:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5149:
5143:
5142:Wrexham South
5140:
5138:
5137:Wrexham North
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5102:Windsor Royal
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5037:Templepatrick
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4962:Rugby Parkway
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4892:Old Kent Road
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4702:Glasgow Cross
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4437:Balsall Heath
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4388:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4116:
4113:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4098:
4095:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4038:
4034:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3934:Blyth Bebside
3932:
3930:
3929:Beaulieu Park
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3910:
3904:
3903:Welsh Valleys
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3808:
3804:
3795:
3790:
3788:
3783:
3781:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3759:
3753:
3749:
3747:South America
3745:
3741:
3737:
3733:
3724:
3720:
3718:United States
3716:
3713:
3711:North America
3709:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3673:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3661:Madrid–Toledo
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3651:Madrid–Malaga
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3620:Atlantic Axis
3618:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3609:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3559:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:Milan–Bologna
3506:
3504:
3503:Florence–Rome
3501:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3491:
3487:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3468:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3414:Cologne–Düren
3412:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3215:Konya–Karaman
3213:
3211:
3210:Polatlı–Konya
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3166:
3162:Jungang Line
3160:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2907:
2899:
2897:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2869:
2864:
2862:
2857:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2846:
2835:
2834:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2801:
2794:
2793:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2769:
2768:
2763:
2759:
2758:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2714:
2708:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2674:
2673:UK Government
2667:
2661:
2650:
2644:
2628:
2624:
2618:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2556:
2552:
2549:. p. 6.
2548:
2541:
2526:
2521:
2513:
2506:
2501:
2494:
2488:
2481:
2475:
2467:
2460:
2454:
2446:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2406:
2399:
2393:
2377:
2370:
2364:
2358:, p. 47.
2357:
2352:
2346:, p. 46.
2345:
2340:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2284:
2279:
2260:
2253:
2247:
2231:
2225:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2175:
2167:
2163:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2132:
2127:
2126:
2119:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2094:, §3.38–3.42.
2093:
2088:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2058:, §3.25–3.30.
2057:
2052:
2045:
2040:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2016:
2012:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1986:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1970:The Telegraph
1967:
1960:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1930:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1892:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1849:
1848:The Telegraph
1845:
1838:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1776:
1769:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1686:
1684:9780102981421
1680:
1676:
1675:
1668:
1653:
1651:9780102975482
1647:
1643:
1642:
1635:
1617:
1611:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1589:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1503:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1476:
1472:
1466:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1435:
1429:, p. 30.
1428:
1423:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1350:
1343:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1302:
1296:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1231:
1224:
1208:
1201:
1195:
1179:
1175:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1140:
1139:
1131:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1097:
1089:
1088:Parliament UK
1082:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1061:Woodhead line
1059:
1057:
1056:UK Ultraspeed
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1003:Leamside line
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
981:
980:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
955:
954:
951:
949:
945:
941:
935:
931:
929:
919:
915:
912:
909:
905:
897:
895:
891:
887:
882:
878:
874:
869:
868:would close.
867:
862:
858:
853:
850:
849:Jake Berry MP
845:
844:Boris Johnson
840:
837:
833:
829:
823:
821:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
801:
800:
796:
794:
790:
785:
778:
774:
762:
759:mph (up from
754:
749:
740:
738:
733:
731:
726:
720:
716:
704:
700:
696:
691:
686:
682:
678:
673:
672:6 (2019–24).
671:
667:
657:
655:
652:published by
651:
647:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
578:
572:
567:
565:
560:
558:
554:
550:
546:
537:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
493:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
476:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
459:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
442:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
425:
421:
418:
415:
412:
409:
408:
404:
401:
398:
395:
394:
381:
375:
365:
361:
357:
353:
348:
342:
338:
329:
325:
320:
313:
308:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
266:
264:
263:
258:
254:
250:
244:
243:
237:
235:
230:
228:
225:to Leeds via
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
148:
146:
142:
138:
114:1,435 mm
112:
110:
106:
101:
98:
97:National Rail
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
76:
72:
68:
64:
61:
58:
54:
51:
48:
44:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
5491:Paisley East
5486:Lullingstone
5446:Cassiobridge
5077:Wantage Road
5027:Surrey Canal
5017:Stockingford
5012:Stanley Park
4992:Skelmersdale
4882:North Filton
4867:Newport West
4857:Mouldon Hill
4812:Lisburn West
4737:Heathrow Hub
4682:Fort Parkway
4632:Drake Street
4552:Castle Green
4542:Castlethorpe
4497:Burgess Park
4369:Wisbech line
4358:Wealden Line
4275:
4238:
4225:
4152:
3888:Bolton–Wigan
3853:
3849:Northern Hub
3844:High Speed 2
3751:
3739:
3698:High Speed 1
3682:Bothnia Line
3513:Milan–Verona
3320:Kerava-Lahti
3205:Ankara–Sivas
3121:Haramain HSR
3114:Saudi Arabia
2832:
2819:
2805:
2791:
2766:
2734:
2730:
2721:
2707:
2695:. Retrieved
2690:
2681:
2672:
2660:
2643:
2631:. Retrieved
2627:Nation.Cymru
2626:
2617:
2605:. Retrieved
2601:
2591:
2583:
2576:. Retrieved
2572:
2563:
2546:
2540:
2530:29 September
2528:. Retrieved
2524:
2512:
2500:
2487:
2474:
2465:
2453:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2404:
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2375:
2363:
2351:
2339:
2327:. Retrieved
2319:The Guardian
2318:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2278:
2266:. Retrieved
2246:
2236:12 September
2234:. Retrieved
2224:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2188:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2124:
2118:
2105:
2099:
2087:
2075:
2063:
2051:
2039:
2029:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1993:
1983:
1977:
1969:
1959:
1950:
1941:
1934:Higgins 2014
1929:
1921:
1911:
1903:the original
1897:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1847:
1837:
1826:, retrieved
1822:the original
1817:
1796:
1786:
1779:The Guardian
1778:
1758:news.sky.com
1757:
1735:
1712:
1700:
1688:. Retrieved
1673:
1667:
1655:. Retrieved
1640:
1634:
1624:12 September
1622:. Retrieved
1610:
1602:the original
1597:
1588:
1575:
1569:
1562:The Guardian
1561:
1551:
1545:, p. 19
1538:
1534:Network Rail
1528:
1519:
1515:Network Rail
1509:
1501:Northern Hub
1500:
1496:Network Rail
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1474:
1465:
1453:. Retrieved
1444:
1434:
1422:
1412:12 September
1410:. Retrieved
1406:
1397:
1383:
1377:
1363:
1357:
1342:
1330:. Retrieved
1325:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1295:
1283:. Retrieved
1279:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1254:
1245:
1235:12 September
1233:. Retrieved
1223:
1211:. Retrieved
1206:
1194:
1182:. Retrieved
1177:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1137:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1102:
1096:
1087:
1075:
1036:Northern Hub
1015:
978:
952:
937:
933:
925:
917:
913:
910:
907:
903:
870:
854:
841:
838:
834:
830:
827:
797:
786:
782:
772:
734:
727:
703:Huddersfield
684:
674:
666:High Speed 2
658:
649:
643:
602:
583:
576:
569:
561:
557:High Speed 2
549:High Speed 1
542:
352:Northern Hub
349:
333:
326:include the
267:
260:
246:
240:
239:
231:
227:Huddersfield
204:
168:High Speed 3
167:
163:
159:
158:
50:Network Rail
18:
5067:Town Meadow
5057:Thorpe Park
4827:Maiden Lane
4822:Long Ashton
4687:Fraserburgh
4592:Cross Hills
4457:Bonnybridge
4427:Ashton Gate
4422:Ashley Hill
4336:Sutton Link
4298:R25 Orbital
3974:Kings Heath
3646:Madrid–León
3538:Netherlands
3528:Turin–Milan
3523:Rome–Naples
3385:LGV Sud-Est
3131:South Korea
2727:Ford, Roger
2697:18 November
2602:WalesOnline
2573:maps.nls.uk
2411:18 November
2382:18 November
2378:. p. 2
2106:Budget 2016
1885:, July 2014
1480:19 November
1285:29 November
1260:29 November
1213:18 November
1184:15 November
922:Curtailment
886:Plaid Cymru
873:HM Treasury
737:Crossrail 2
719:2016 Budget
701:route (via
681:Lord Adonis
495:Leeds–Hull
402:Before HSN
396:Before HSN
249:Premiership
242:imbalances.
109:Track gauge
5597:Categories
5117:Woodchurch
5097:Wellington
5032:Thamesmead
4987:Silvertown
4942:Portobello
4937:Portishead
4772:Hythe Road
4742:Heathfield
4672:Finningley
4647:Edwinstowe
4602:Cullompton
4597:Crwys Road
4507:Camberwell
4482:Brownhills
4417:Arthington
4407:Aldergrove
4014:Willenhall
4009:White Rose
3939:Bedlington
3225:Uzbekistan
3182:Taiwan HSR
3052:Whoosh HSR
2798:, HS2 Ltd.
2376:ice.org.uk
1797:www.ft.com
1067:References
515:1:28–1:35
481:0:39–0:42
464:1:20–1:26
447:0:49–0:57
430:0:46–0:58
413:0:37–0:57
360:Manchester
302:Background
271:Manchester
182:line from
5516:Sykehouse
5511:Swithland
5481:Glenfield
5476:Ferguslie
5456:Crowlands
5441:Brierdene
5042:Tempsford
5007:St Clears
4997:Slattocks
4927:Peterhead
4917:Park Farm
4847:Monkerton
4727:Hatch End
4707:Glencarse
4677:Fleetwood
4667:Ferryhill
4642:Eastriggs
4587:Cranleigh
4557:Charfield
4537:Carterton
4532:Carr Mill
4447:Beechwood
4402:Allandale
4382:reopening
4371:reopening
4354:reopening
4343:reopening
4322:reopening
4316:reopening
4305:reopening
4294:reopening
4288:reopening
4267:reopening
4261:reopening
4255:reopening
4240:Heathwick
4226:including
4217:reopening
4211:reopening
4200:reopening
4194:reopening
4188:reopening
4182:reopening
4176:reopening
4153:including
4147:Parts of
4144:reopening
4128:reopening
4117:reopening
4111:reopening
4105:reopening
4099:reopening
4093:reopening
4087:reopening
4076:reopening
4060:reopening
3924:Beam Park
3919:Ashington
3045:Indonesia
2743:0026-8356
2555:0963-1496
1332:8 October
1306:1 October
777:Class 802
751:In 2020,
646:Sheffield
405:With HSN
399:With HSN
291:Newcastle
283:Sheffield
279:Doncaster
253:Liz Truss
184:Liverpool
103:Technical
5536:Woodhorn
5429:Stations
5205:Projects
5122:Woodhorn
5087:Waverley
5052:Thornton
4972:Saltford
4952:Richhill
4912:Ollerton
4852:Moorside
4817:Llanwern
4757:Horfield
4502:Caerleon
4412:Aldridge
4390:Stations
4051:Projects
3959:Butetown
3912:Stations
3821:Projects
3546:HSL-Zuid
3370:LGV Nord
2776:citation
2691:BBC News
2633:18 March
2607:18 March
2578:23 March
2323:Archived
2259:Archived
2166:BBC News
2148:BBC News
2082:, §3.33.
2015:BBC News
1736:BBC News
1449:Archived
1389:archived
1369:archived
1326:ITV news
1178:BBC News
1020:See also
773:pictured
574:—
531:HS3 name
324:Pennines
200:Bradford
132: in
41:Overview
5582:Commons
5506:Stanely
5471:Dykebar
4922:Pelsall
4777:Isfield
4752:Hirwaun
4747:Henbury
4717:Gorbals
4692:Gabalfa
4657:Eynsham
4612:Dalston
4582:Corsham
4572:Claydon
4562:Cheadle
4472:Bramley
4019:Winslow
3984:Newsham
3735:Oceania
3406:Germany
3355:LGV Est
3312:Finland
3294:Denmark
3260:Belgium
2922:Morocco
2906:Commons
2754:Sources
2329:31 July
2268:31 July
1828:23 June
1690:30 July
1657:30 July
1455:31 July
940:Marsden
761:current
297:History
207:Johnson
127:⁄
78:Service
66:Website
5320:HS4Air
5132:Wormit
5112:Wixams
5107:Witney
5092:Weedon
5082:Warsop
4652:Elland
4627:Ditton
4462:Bordon
4397:Armagh
3676:Sweden
3588:Russia
3574:Poland
3556:Norway
3471:Greece
3337:France
3251:Europe
3192:Turkey
3175:Taiwan
2915:Africa
2741:
2553:
2131:north.
1681:
1648:
1280:GOV.UK
1207:GOV.UK
892:. The
769:
765:
757:
723:
711:
707:
699:Diggle
662:
624:: the
610:
606:
383:Route
372:
368:
345:
151:
93:System
56:Locale
4947:Poyle
4767:Hythe
4732:Haxby
4662:Errol
4527:Carno
3612:Spain
3490:Italy
3284:HSL 4
3278:HSL 3
3273:HSL 2
3268:HSL 1
3062:Japan
2952:China
2837:(PDF)
2824:(PDF)
2810:(PDF)
2796:(PDF)
2669:(PDF)
2652:(PDF)
2462:(PDF)
2401:(PDF)
2372:(PDF)
2262:(PDF)
2255:(PDF)
2110:(PDF)
1709:(PDF)
1619:(PDF)
1580:(PDF)
1543:(PDF)
1203:(PDF)
1142:(PDF)
1084:(PDF)
877:Wales
688:with
518:0:58
501:0:38
498:0:57
484:0:28
467:0:50
450:0:40
433:0:25
416:0:26
364:Leeds
196:Leeds
46:Owner
4932:Pill
4842:Meir
3752:None
3740:None
2943:Asia
2782:link
2739:ISSN
2699:2021
2635:2023
2609:2023
2580:2021
2551:ISSN
2532:2019
2413:2021
2384:2021
2331:2018
2270:2018
2238:2020
1830:2014
1692:2018
1679:ISBN
1659:2018
1646:ISBN
1626:2020
1482:2017
1457:2018
1414:2020
1334:2022
1308:2022
1287:2021
1262:2021
1237:2020
1215:2017
1186:2016
1009:Line
695:Arup
287:York
257:Hull
83:Type
4607:Cwm
2466:TfN
950:.
763:100
188:HS2
164:NPR
5599::
2778:}}
2774:{{
2735:79
2733:.
2689:.
2671:.
2625:.
2600:.
2582:.
2571:.
2523:.
2464:.
2429:.
2403:.
2374:.
2321:.
2317:.
2298:,
2196:.
2164:.
2146:,
2013:,
1968:,
1949:,
1920:,
1881:,
1863:,
1846:,
1816:,
1804:^
1795:,
1777:,
1765:^
1756:,
1744:^
1734:,
1721:^
1711:,
1596:,
1560:,
1536:,
1517:,
1498:,
1473:.
1447:.
1443:.
1405:.
1324:.
1278:.
1253:.
1205:.
1176:.
1158:.
1120:.
1086:.
775::
632:,
604:30
600:.
592:,
524:4
521:3
507:2
504:1
490:4
487:1
473:2
470:1
456:4
453:2
439:6
436:4
422:6
419:4
289:,
285:,
281:,
273:,
251:,
229:.
149:25
134:)
4170:)
4151:(
3793:e
3786:t
3779:v
3725:*
3637:*
3603:*
3597:*
3582:*
3481:*
3437:*
3416:*
3397:*
3328:*
3322:*
3280:*
3217:*
3167:*
3012:*
2962:*
2867:e
2860:t
2853:v
2784:)
2745:.
2701:.
2637:.
2611:.
2557:.
2534:.
2468:.
2433:.
2415:.
2386:.
2333:.
2285:.
2272:.
2240:.
2218:.
1694:.
1661:.
1628:.
1484:.
1459:.
1416:.
1351:.
1336:.
1310:.
1289:.
1264:.
1239:.
1217:.
1188:.
1162:.
1124:.
1005:.
362:–
314:.
162:(
129:2
125:1
122:+
120:8
116:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
