118:
555:
127:
31:
397:
The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface
Experiment (RIMFAX), a ground-penetrating radar that will provide centimeter-scale resolution of the geologic structure of the subsurface. The principal investigator is Svein-Erik Hamran, the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI),
385:
185:. The Kjeller area is a hub of research activity in south eastern Norway, with a total of some 2,400 people working at a variety of research establishments, colleges and university departments.
167:
373:
154:
and provides expert advice to political and military defence leaders. In particular, its task is to keep track of advances in the fields of science and
667:
687:
493:
166:
The institute was established in 1946. Its roots lie in
Norwegian participation in British scientific research during the Second World War (see
682:
267:
rover that is a ground-penetrating radar designed to provide centimeter-scale resolution of the geologic structure of the planet subsurface.
420:
331:
569:
170:). Many Norwegian scientists and technologists took part during the period when Germany occupied Norway between 1940 and 1945.
692:
677:
697:
600:
486:
672:
579:
173:
FFI has 714 employees, of which approximately 360 are scientists and engineers. The main location of the institute is at
432:
The Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface
Experiment, known as RIMFAX, uses radar waves to probe the ground under the rover.
574:
615:
246:
197:
479:
605:
117:
541:
620:
595:
158:
which might affect the assumptions on which
Norwegian security policy and/or defence planning is based.
646:
531:
235:
207:
The development of a range of computers in the early 1960s which eventually led to the creation of
410:
502:
319:
554:
525:
536:
521:
264:
8:
309:
155:
641:
151:
147:
377:
292:
287:
231:
212:
188:
Part of the institute's
Maritime Systems Division is situated in the coastal city of
351:
304:
374:"NASA Announces Mars 2020 Rover Payload to Explore the Red Planet as Never Before"
250:
314:
516:
282:
203:
In way of concrete technology products, FFI is known for, among other things:
200:
capital, and is also a centre of electronics and naval research and industry.
661:
178:
471:
277:
208:
261:
193:
126:
174:
257:
227:
223:
219:
189:
98:
30:
636:
415:
381:
239:
182:
461:
150:
that conducts research and development on behalf of the
41:
FFI turns knowledge and ideas into an effective defence
449:
109:
168:
Allied technological cooperation during World War II
218:Beginning in 1973, NDRE was an early researcher of
659:
192:, southwest of Oslo on the western side of the
215:'s Computer Division: LYDIA (1962); SAM; SAM2.
487:
332:Norwegian Institute of International Affairs
258:Radar Imager for Mars' Subsurface Experiment
181:, 20 km east of the country's capital
501:
494:
480:
668:Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
352:"30 years of the international internet"
136:Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
125:
17:Norwegian Defence Research Establishment
688:Government agencies established in 1946
660:
475:
371:
298:
222:in Europe, based on a connection to
260:(RIMFAX), an instrument aboard the
196:. Horten is known as the country's
13:
14:
709:
683:Organisations based in Lillestrøm
441:
553:
116:
29:
423:from the original on 2021-03-06
388:from the original on 2021-02-19
247:KV's Division of Guided Weapons
611:Defence Research Establishment
403:
365:
344:
271:
140:Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt
23:Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt
1:
693:1946 establishments in Norway
678:Research institutes in Norway
337:
77:Norwegian Ministry of Defence
372:Brown, Dwayne (2014-07-31).
7:
698:Military research of Norway
601:National Security Authority
325:
213:Kongsberg VĂĄpenfabrikk (KV)
10:
714:
673:Defence agencies of Norway
647:Scandinavian defence union
546:Special Operations Command
161:
629:
588:
562:
551:
509:
236:University College London
115:
105:
89:
81:
71:
53:
45:
37:
28:
21:
378:Headquarters, Washington
22:
256:The development of the
616:Defence Estates Agency
503:Norwegian Armed Forces
320:Ernst Sejersted Selmer
245:The development, with
152:Norwegian Armed Forces
131:
130:FFI in Kjeller, Norway
59:; 78 years ago
49:Research Establishment
129:
606:Intelligence Service
621:Ministry of Defence
542:Cyber Defence Force
310:John Kristen Skogan
156:military technology
57:April 11, 1946
18:
642:Nordic Battlegroup
596:Joint Headquarters
299:Former researchers
148:research institute
132:
73:Parent institution
16:
655:
654:
580:Military aircraft
376:(Press release).
293:Svein-Erik Hamran
288:Thomas Hegghammer
253:anti-ship missile
124:
123:
705:
557:
496:
489:
482:
473:
472:
468:
465:
464:
462:Official website
456:
453:
452:
450:Official website
435:
434:
429:
428:
407:
401:
400:
394:
393:
369:
363:
362:
360:
359:
348:
232:Peter Kirstein's
120:
82:Director General
67:
65:
60:
33:
19:
15:
713:
712:
708:
707:
706:
704:
703:
702:
658:
657:
656:
651:
625:
584:
558:
549:
505:
500:
466:
460:
459:
454:
448:
447:
444:
439:
438:
426:
424:
409:
408:
404:
391:
389:
370:
366:
357:
355:
350:
349:
345:
340:
328:
301:
274:
164:
101:
95:
74:
63:
61:
58:
24:
12:
11:
5:
711:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
653:
652:
650:
649:
644:
639:
633:
631:
627:
626:
624:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
592:
590:
586:
585:
583:
582:
577:
572:
570:Army equipment
566:
564:
560:
559:
552:
550:
548:
547:
544:
539:
534:
529:
519:
513:
511:
507:
506:
499:
498:
491:
484:
476:
470:
469:
457:
455:(in Norwegian)
443:
442:External links
440:
437:
436:
402:
364:
342:
341:
339:
336:
335:
334:
327:
324:
323:
322:
317:
312:
307:
305:Fredrik Møller
300:
297:
296:
295:
290:
285:
283:Torleiv Maseng
280:
273:
270:
269:
268:
254:
243:
216:
163:
160:
122:
121:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
710:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
665:
663:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
632:
628:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
591:
587:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
567:
565:
561:
556:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
527:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
512:
508:
504:
497:
492:
490:
485:
483:
478:
477:
474:
463:
458:
451:
446:
445:
433:
422:
418:
417:
412:
406:
399:
387:
383:
379:
375:
368:
353:
347:
343:
333:
330:
329:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
275:
266:
263:
259:
255:
252:
248:
244:
241:
237:
233:
230:, along with
229:
225:
221:
217:
214:
210:
206:
205:
204:
201:
199:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
171:
169:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
128:
119:
114:
111:
108:
104:
100:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
70:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
610:
589:Organisation
467:(in English)
431:
425:. Retrieved
414:
405:
396:
390:. Retrieved
367:
356:. Retrieved
354:. 2003-11-19
346:
315:PĂĄl Spilling
265:Perseverance
202:
187:
172:
165:
143:
139:
135:
133:
85:Kenneth Ruud
526:Coast Guard
278:Brynjar Lia
272:Researchers
242:in Britain.
211:as well as
54:Established
662:Categories
575:Navy ships
537:Home Guard
427:2021-04-08
392:2020-04-08
358:2020-07-08
338:References
209:Norsk Data
179:Lillestrøm
110:www.ffi.no
64:1946-04-11
563:Equipment
532:Air Force
262:Mars 2020
249:, of the
234:group at
194:Oslofjord
510:Branches
421:Archived
411:"RIMFAX"
386:Archived
326:See also
226:through
142:–
90:Location
630:Related
398:Norway.
251:Penguin
175:Kjeller
162:History
146:) is a
106:Website
94:Kjeller
62: (
228:NORSAR
224:SATNET
220:TCP/IP
190:Horten
99:Norway
177:near
38:Motto
637:NATO
522:Navy
517:Army
416:NASA
382:NASA
240:RSRE
238:and
198:MEMS
183:Oslo
134:The
46:Type
144:FFI
664::
430:.
419:.
413:.
395:.
384:.
380::
96:,
528:)
524:(
495:e
488:t
481:v
361:.
138:(
66:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
