2845:
2827:
801:
2891:
2815:
size as the average temperature increases. As the territory of many species starts to overlap, the rate hybridization of species that normally do not come in contact is increasing. If global climate change continues many members of
Odonata will start to disappear. Because odonates are such an old order and have such a complete fossil record they are an ideal species to study insect evolution and adaptation. For example, they are one of the first insects to develop flight and it is likely that this trait only evolved once in insects, looking at how flight works in odonates, the rest of flight can be mapped out.
602:
2879:
730:
134:
2729:
2862:
499:
779:
113:
572:–filled and often colorful area bounded by veins. The functions of the pterostigma are not fully known, but it most probably has an aerodynamic effect and may also have a visual function. More mass at the end of the wing may also reduce the energy needed to move the wings up and down. The right combination of wing stiffness and wing mass could reduce the energy consumption of flying. A pterostigma is also found among other insects, such as bees.
5807:
4958:
523:
2763:
suggested the stem-group dragonflies had external sperm transfer. To mate, the male claspers grasps the female by the thorax (Zygoptera) or head (Anisoptera) while the female bends her abdomen so that her own genitalia can be grasped by the copulatory organ holding the sperm. This is known as the "wheel" position.
2762:
are stored after being produced by the primary genitals— whose external opening is known as the genital pore, on the ninth abdominal segment. This process is called intra-male sperm translocation (ST). Because the male copulatory organ has evolved independently from that in other insects, it has been
2814:
In addition, odonates are very sensitive to changes to average temperature. Many species have moved to higher elevations and latitudes as global temperature rises and habitats dry out. Changes to the life cycle have been recorded with increased development of the instar stages and smaller adult body
2806:
of vascular plants has also been positively correlated with the species richness of dragonflies in a given habitat. This means that in a location such as a lake, if one finds a wide variety of odonates, then a similarly wide variety of plants should also be present. This correlation is not common to
575:
The nymphs have stockier, shorter, bodies than the adults. In addition to lacking wings, their eyes are smaller, their antennae longer, and their heads are less mobile than in the adult. Their mouthparts are modified, with the labium being adapted into a unique prehensile organ called a labial mask
2797:
because they rely on high quality water for proper development in early life. Since their diet consists entirely of insects, odonate density is directly proportional to the population of prey, and their abundance indicates the abundance of prey in the examined
3987:
Golfieri, Bruno; Hardersen, Sönke; Maiolini, Bruno; Surian, Nicola (2016). "Odonates as indicators of the ecological integrity of the river corridor: Development and application of the
Odonate River Index (ORI) in northern Italy".
468:(Anisoptera: Petaluridae) with a body length of 117 mm (4.6 in) (some sources 125 mm (4.9 in)) and wing span of 160 mm (6.3 in). The longest extant odonate is the Neotropical helicopter damselfly
484:(Anisoptera: Libellulidae) from east Asia, with a body length of 15 mm (0.59 in) and a wing span of 20 mm (0.79 in). The smallest damselflies (and also the smallest odonates) are species of the genus
2742:
Odonates are aquatic or semi-aquatic as juveniles. Thus, adults are most often seen near bodies of water and are frequently described as aquatic insects. However, many species range far from water. They are
880:
of the "Palaeoptera" are by no means resolved; what can be said however is that regardless of whether they are called "Odonatoidea" or "Odonatoptera", the
Odonata and their extinct relatives do form a
895:(in which Anisoptera is an infraorder) was proposed when it was thought that the "Anisozygoptera" was paraphyletic, composed of mostly extinct offshoots of dragonfly evolution. The four living
534:, which provide good vision, legs that facilitate catching prey (other insects) in flight, two pairs of long, transparent wings that move independently, and elongated abdomens. They have three
655:
of North
America, reached wing spans of up to 71 cm (28 in) and a body length of 43 cm (17 in), making it the largest insect of all time. This insect belonged to the order
659:, the griffinflies, related to odonates but not part of the modern order Odonata in the restricted sense. They have one of the most complete fossil records going back 319 million years.
3542:"A revision of the Mesozoic dragonfly family Tarsophlebiidae, with a discussion on the phylogenetic positions of the Tarsophlebiidae and Sieblosiidae (Odonatoptera: Panodonata)"
2766:
Eggs are laid in water or on vegetation near water or wet places, and hatch to produce pronymphs which live off the nutrients that were in the egg. They then develop into
2826:
2345:
4299:
2758:
at the tip of the abdomen for holding the female, and a secondary set of copulatory organs located between the second and third abdominal segment in which the
1578:
4031:
Sahlén, Göran; Ekestubbe, Katarina (16 May 2000). "Identification of dragonflies (Odonata) as indicators of general species richness in boreal forest lakes".
2786:
grow and molt, usually in dusk or dawn, into the flying teneral immature adults, whose color is not yet developed. These transform into reproductive adults.
2487:
1909:
1373:
2844:
2368:
2176:
1275:
1024:
6185:
2322:
2130:
1478:
1049:
5742:
2471:
2448:
2272:
2233:
2153:
1925:
1633:
1517:
1298:
1229:
5684:
5664:
3886:
3230:
2553:
2425:
2030:
1987:
1857:
1834:
1786:
1617:
1548:
1501:
1074:
999:
311:) are usually more slender with eyes placed apart and wings folded together along body at rest. Adult odonates can land and perch, but rarely walk.
6200:
5757:
3210:
2014:
1724:
1704:
1594:
1462:
1435:
1314:
1252:
6195:
6026:
2576:
2537:
2192:
2114:
1870:
1770:
1448:
1412:
4166:
3137:
Kipping, Jens; Martens, Andreas; Suhling, Frank (2012). "Africa's smallest damselfly—a new
Agriocnemis from Namibia (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)".
5772:
4210:
2946:
2256:
1562:
561:. This allows active control of the amplitude, frequency, angle of attack, camber and twist of each of the four wings entirely independently.
6065:
5704:
5679:
1754:
1738:
1690:
1362:
557:, with flight muscles attaching directly to the wings; rather than indirect, with flight muscles attaching to the thorax, as is found in the
2000:
1973:
1818:
1802:
5699:
4861:
4196:
1204:
3706:
Bybee, Seth M.; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Erickson, Robert J.; Frandsen, Paul B.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Suvorov, Anton; et al. (2021a).
1885:
6000:
2921:
1388:
6039:
2966:
891:
was long treated as a suborder, with a third suborder, the
Anisozygoptera (ancient dragonflies). However, the combined suborder
3194:
3091:
3066:
6044:
2890:
2916:
303:
damsel-dragonflies). The two major groups are distinguished with dragonflies (Anisoptera) usually being bulkier with large
4073:
2961:
2956:
2941:
2936:
4346:
3935:
3887:"Studies on the secondary male Genitalia of the type species of some dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera: Libellulidae)"
2976:
800:
684:
is a prehistoric family of
Odonatoptera that can be considered either a basal lineage of Odonata or their immediate
6147:
5979:
3836:"Odonata: Who They Are and What They Have Done for Us Lately: Classification and Ecosystem Services of Dragonflies"
6070:
5992:
4854:
640:, making them one of the earliest groups of winged insects. The fossils of odonates and their cousins, including
3487:
Ninomiya, Tomoya; Yoshizawa, Kazunori (2009). "A revised interpretation of the wing base structure in
Odonata".
456:(Zygoptera: Pseudostigmatidae) with a wing span of 191 mm (7.5 in). The heaviest living odonates are
436:
6052:
4033:
2971:
5491:
4116:
6116:
3785:
Deregnaucourt, Isabelle; Bardin, Jérémie; Villier, Loïc; Julliard, Romain; Béthoux, Olivier (August 2023).
2931:
2926:
3906:
5909:
5896:
2754:
Male
Odonata have complex genitalia, different from those found in other insects. These include grasping
2861:
4847:
3927:
6129:
5914:
4243:
3680:
Paulson, D.; Schorr, M.; Abbott, J.; Bota-Sierra, C.; Deliry, C.; Dijkstra, K.-D.; Lozano, F. (2023).
2811:
acting as a bioindicator of water quality due to its high quantity of time spent in and around water.
6190:
6152:
6080:
4307:
4222:
4178:
2951:
2834:
865:
In some treatments, the
Odonata are understood in an expanded sense, essentially synonymous with the
364:
4188:
133:
6205:
4143:
4121:
3928:
Evolution and diversity of intra-male sperm translocation in Odonata: A unique behaviour in animals
2851:
2807:
all bioindicators, as some may act as indicators for a different environmental factor, such as the
458:
415:, but is sometimes used to mean all Odonata. Odonata enthusiasts avoid ambiguity by using the term
349:. The adults are superb aerial hunters and their legs are specialised for catching prey in flight.
3953:
Beutel, Rolf G.; Yavorskaya, Margarita I.; Mashimo, Yuta; Fukui, Makiko; Meusemann, Karen (2017).
4577:
452:
17:
6210:
6180:
6106:
5836:
4873:
4218:
3787:"Disparification and extinction trade-offs shaped the evolution of Permian to Jurassic Odonata"
3275:
Norberg, R. Ă…ke (1972). "The pterostigma of insect wings an inertial regulator of wing pitch".
564:
In most families, there is a structure on the leading edge near the tip of the wing called the
337:, although at the larval stage they will eat anything that they can overpower, including small
3345:
696:
The phylogenetic tree of the orders and suborders of odonates according to Bybee et al. 2021:
6215:
6101:
4429:
4339:
4200:
4174:
3685:
3430:"Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) as a bridge between ecology and evolutionary genomics"
2878:
464:
6139:
6093:
6031:
530:
These insects characteristically have large rounded heads covered mostly by well-developed,
5948:
5883:
4095:
3997:
3719:
3578:
3496:
3146:
554:
547:
8:
4764:
3359:
2896:
606:
4261:
4099:
4001:
3811:
3786:
3723:
3582:
3500:
3150:
601:
490:(Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) with a wing span of only 17–18 mm (0.67–0.71 in).
5782:
5297:
4050:
3862:
3835:
3540:
Fleck, G.; Bechly, G.; Martinez-Delclòs, X.; Jarzembowski, E.A.; Nel, A. (2004-06-01).
3464:
3429:
3428:
Bybee, Seth; CĂłrdoba-Aguilar, Alex; Duryea, M. Catherine; et al. (December 2016).
3316:
3292:
3252:
3225:
3204:
2868:
637:
128:
6088:
5935:
5874:
5732:
4743:
4598:
4564:
4107:
4013:
3969:
3867:
3816:
3755:
3747:
3614:
3606:
3541:
3522:
3508:
3469:
3451:
3312:"The toolkit of a hunter – functional morphology of larval mouthparts in a dragonfly"
3257:
3190:
3162:
3108:
3087:
3062:
3023:
2734:
543:
539:
480:
401:
4054:
3296:
6175:
5940:
5674:
5525:
5211:
4756:
4717:
4332:
4103:
4086:
Rehn, A. (2003). "Phylogenetic analysis of higher-level relationships of Odonata".
4042:
4005:
3898:
3857:
3847:
3806:
3798:
3737:
3727:
3596:
3586:
3512:
3504:
3459:
3441:
3390:
3325:
3284:
3247:
3239:
3154:
3005:
2803:
974:
900:
4009:
3902:
5818:
5752:
5669:
5659:
5636:
5203:
4751:
4540:
4508:
4450:
4442:
4421:
3954:
3354:
3028:
2783:
2384:
2054:
681:
577:
447:
326:
279:
6057:
5888:
5596:
3732:
3707:
3591:
3566:
3224:
Bomphrey, Richard J.; Nakata, Toshiyuki; Henningsson, Per; Lin, Huai-Ti (2016).
2996:
Mickel, Clarence E. (1934). "The significance of the dragonfly name "Odonata"".
729:
475:(Zygoptera: Pseudostigmatidae) with a body length of 135 mm (5.3 in).
5987:
5974:
5901:
5811:
5767:
5762:
5747:
5694:
4813:
4614:
4548:
4524:
4463:
4455:
3939:
3802:
2093:
1215:
922:
876:. In this approach, instead of Odonatoptera, the term Odonatoidea is used. The
774:
322:
315:
248:
4046:
3679:
3565:
Bybee, Seth M.; Kalkman, Vincent J.; Erickson, Robert J.; et al. (2021).
3446:
3158:
907:
that were formerly there are now dispersed about the Odonatoptera (or Odonata
6169:
5722:
5714:
4940:
4932:
4781:
4556:
4471:
4017:
3973:
3751:
3610:
3526:
3455:
3378:
3166:
2790:
2748:
1185:
675:
656:
646:
625:
503:
470:
372:
334:
286:
70:
4138:
3852:
3681:
3350:. Cambridge University Press Archive. 2018. p. 324. GGKEY:0Z7A1R071DD.
3184:
3009:
2728:
5859:
5654:
5427:
5404:
5396:
5338:
5293:
5125:
5068:
4897:
4797:
4606:
4593:
4532:
4495:
4479:
4393:
4071:
Lohmann, H. (1996). "Das phylogenetische System der Anisoptera (Odonata)".
3955:"The phylogeny of Hexapoda (Arthropoda) and the evolution of megadiversity"
3871:
3820:
3759:
3618:
3473:
3261:
3243:
1192:
1169:
1159:
869:
685:
671:
633:
531:
462:(Anisoptera: Aeshnidae) with a wing span of 165 mm (6.5 in), and
353:
304:
215:
4324:
778:
498:
6013:
5868:
5777:
5709:
5641:
5542:
5443:
5373:
5224:
5162:
5038:
4805:
4789:
4730:
4670:
4662:
4619:
4233:
2759:
2744:
877:
873:
667:
629:
621:
584:
on the abdomen, while dragonfly nymphs respire through an organ in their
565:
486:
386:
330:
307:
together and wings spread up or out at rest, while damselflies (suborder
299:
294:
290:
205:
112:
45:
5727:
5451:
5261:
5170:
5154:
5138:
4966:
4701:
4487:
3539:
3288:
2591:
1089:
914:
909:
888:
866:
795:
412:
253:
185:
90:
55:
3742:
3601:
3517:
3330:
3311:
6018:
5961:
5689:
5533:
5493:
5468:
5321:
5232:
5191:
5178:
5009:
4996:
4891:
4722:
4709:
4684:
4646:
4409:
4387:
4375:
2808:
2799:
2080:
948:
918:
892:
750:
724:
641:
611:
569:
511:
395:
380:
308:
283:
261:
243:
195:
165:
145:
95:
5927:
5830:
6005:
5966:
5922:
5853:
5737:
5646:
5435:
5305:
5097:
4903:
4585:
3427:
2775:
663:
558:
515:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
3784:
4957:
3708:"Phylogeny and classification of Odonata using targeted genomics"
3567:"Phylogeny and classification of Odonata using targeted genomics"
3395:
896:
652:
342:
100:
75:
4839:
4285:
3362:, whose expanse of wing was somewhere about twenty-seven inches.
5413:
5313:
5240:
5146:
5055:
5047:
4885:
4870:
4381:
4369:
3986:
3962:
Proceedings of the Arthropod and Embryological Society of Japan
3377:
Kohli, Manpreet Kaur; Ware, Jessica L.; Bechly, GĂĽnter (2016).
2767:
2755:
899:
placed in that group are (in this treatment) in the infraorder
585:
535:
522:
175:
155:
5806:
3352:
No Dragonfly at present existing can compare with the immense
526:
Dragonfly (top) and damselfly (bottom) wing shape and venation
27:
Order of insects that includes the dragonflies and damselflies
6124:
4317:
4271:
3705:
2794:
2771:
881:
390:
375:
318:
5953:
4227:— U.S. state-by-state listing with distribution maps, images
4211:"Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata) of the United States"
3952:
3564:
3423:
3421:
3223:
2751:) throughout their life, mostly feeding on smaller insects.
546:
are on the underside of the head and include simple chewing
352:
Odonata in its narrow sense forms a subgroup of the broader
5501:
4251:
3379:"How to date a dragonfly: Fossil calibrations for odonates"
3189:(2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 355–358.
2779:
904:
581:
346:
338:
423:, when they mean just the Anisoptera. An alternative term
5511:
3418:
4137:
Trueman, John W. H.; Rowe, Richard J. (20 March 2008).
3766:
3699:
3625:
3310:
Büsse, S.; Tröger, H.-L.; Gorb, S.N. (11 August 2021).
2911:
Various lists of Odonata species of different regions:
400:) "tooth". One hypothesis is that it was because their
5454:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
2732:
Ovipositing flight of two pairs of azure damselflies (
3372:
3370:
3185:
Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998).
3136:
1071:
1046:
1021:
996:
674:. What they do share with mayflies is the nature of
4244:"IORI species list, photos, and social media links"
3649:
3637:
616:, had a wingspan of about 680 mm (27 in),
3367:
3486:
3231:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
666:and several extinct orders in a group called the
6167:
3661:
3409:
3059:Dragonflies of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore
1162:including Odonata by Deregnaucourt et al. 2023.
4661:
4262:"Journal of the Entomological Research Society"
4030:
3376:
3309:
925:as well-understood and widely preferred terms.
356:, which contains other dragonfly-like insects.
3885:Kirti, Jagbir S.; Singh, Archana (June 2004).
2998:Annals of the Entomological Society of America
928:Cladogram of Epiprocta after Rehn et al. 2003:
676:how the wings are articulated and held in rest
5291:
4855:
4340:
3414:. Texas A&M University Press. p. 47.
3082:Corbet, Philip S.; Brook, Stephen J. (2008).
4792:(emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers)
3209:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3187:Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity
2778:on other aquatic organisms, including small
359:
5123:
4931:
4354:
4136:
3631:
3226:"Flight of the dragonflies and damselflies"
3081:
6186:Insects used as insect pest control agents
5037:
4862:
4848:
4347:
4333:
3884:
3558:
329:, and all of them, larvae and adults, are
111:
4567:(helicopter damselflies or forest giants)
3861:
3851:
3810:
3741:
3731:
3600:
3590:
3516:
3463:
3445:
3394:
3329:
3251:
2723:
5583:Four most speciose orders are marked in
5173:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
3061:. Borneo: Natural History Publications.
2727:
600:
521:
497:
446:The largest living odonate is the giant
6201:Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius
4114:
4070:
3655:
3643:
3274:
3046:. Cranbrook Institute of Science. 1939.
14:
6196:Extant Late Triassic first appearances
6168:
4644:
4407:
4234:"International Journal of Odonatology"
4139:"Odonata. Dragonflies and damselflies"
3180:
3178:
3176:
3106:
2995:
430:
5835:
5834:
5621:
4916:
4843:
4643:
4406:
4328:
3712:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3571:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
3410:Mitchell, F.L.; Lasswell, J. (2005).
3044:Field Guide to Lower Aquarium Animals
2774:that are (in most species) voracious
6130:73EF795E-B620-852D-C061-A2E2258DD721
6081:25c76cc3-e24f-4b3e-a308-4adc7065bc24
5993:1c70eb61-d0af-4f5d-886d-6c057d45d16b
5446:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
4085:
3772:
3667:
3533:
3480:
872:, but not including the prehistoric
4527:(narrow-winged or pond damselflies)
4074:Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift
3833:
3277:Journal of Comparative Physiology A
3173:
3139:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
3130:
3100:
3056:
24:
3107:Wilson, Keith D. P. (2009-01-01).
662:The Odonata is closely related to
624:Odonata first appeared during the
25:
6227:
4869:
4318:"Worldwide Dragonfly Association"
4159:
3936:Food and Agriculture Organization
596:
478:The smallest living dragonfly is
5805:
4956:
4117:"Pterygote Higher Relationships"
4108:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x
4064:
3509:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00455.x
2889:
2877:
2860:
2843:
2825:
913:). World Odonata List considers
799:
777:
728:
132:
43:
4733:(giant dragonfly and relatives)
4024:
3980:
3946:
3920:
3878:
3827:
3778:
3673:
3403:
3338:
3303:
3268:
3217:
3075:
3050:
3036:
3029:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
3016:
2989:
493:
437:External morphology of Odonata
13:
1:
5376:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
4189:"Dragonflies and damselflies"
4034:Biodiversity and Conservation
4010:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.022
3903:10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.984.1505-11
2983:
670:, but this grouping might be
576:for grasping prey. Damselfly
268:For extinct groups, see text
5324:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
4115:Trueman, John W. H. (2008).
3834:May, ML (28 February 2019).
691:
591:
396:
381:
7:
5622:
4458:(jewelwings or demoiselles)
3733:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107115
3592:10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107115
2906:
860:
10:
6232:
5514:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
5407:(twisted-winged parasites)
5079:(dragonflies, damselflies)
4917:
4559:(threadtails, bambootails)
4543:(white-legged damselflies)
3803:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107420
3383:Palaeontologia Electronica
3347:The Biology of Dragonflies
2818:
628:, though members of their
434:
391:
376:
5843:
5799:
5632:
5628:
5617:
5579:
5524:
5482:
5467:
5426:
5395:
5386:
5368:
5337:
5287:
5260:
5223:
5190:
5134:
5119:
5096:
5067:
5046:
5033:
5008:
4992:
4965:
4954:
4927:
4923:
4912:
4880:
4780:
4742:
4700:
4683:
4657:
4653:
4639:
4576:
4515:(closed wing damselflies)
4507:
4441:
4420:
4416:
4402:
4364:
4308:University of Puget Sound
4173:. Aquatic invertebrates.
3632:Trueman & Rowe (2008)
3447:10.1186/s12983-016-0176-7
3159:10.1007/s13127-012-0084-4
2835:Ceriagrion cerinorubellum
2589:
2573:
2566:
2550:
2534:
2527:
2484:
2468:
2461:
2445:
2438:
2422:
2415:
2381:
2365:
2358:
2342:
2335:
2319:
2312:
2269:
2253:
2246:
2230:
2223:
2189:
2173:
2166:
2150:
2143:
2127:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2078:
2071:
2051:
2044:
2027:
2011:
2004:
1984:
1977:
1922:
1906:
1899:
1881:
1874:
1854:
1847:
1831:
1815:
1799:
1783:
1767:
1751:
1735:
1728:
1717:
1701:
1694:
1630:
1614:
1607:
1591:
1575:
1559:
1552:
1514:
1498:
1491:
1475:
1459:
1452:
1432:
1425:
1409:
1402:
1384:
1377:
1366:
1311:
1295:
1288:
1272:
1265:
1249:
1242:
1226:
1219:
1208:
1189:
1178:
1087:
1069:
1062:
1044:
1037:
1019:
1012:
994:
987:
972:
965:
946:
939:
917:as a suborder along with
792:
771:
763:
755:
743:
721:
713:
705:
644:"giant dragonflies" like
580:breathe through external
553:Flight in the Odonata is
365:Johan Christian Fabricius
360:Etymology and terminology
240:
235:
129:Scientific classification
127:
119:
110:
34:
5165:(stick and leaf insects)
4144:Tree of Life Web Project
4122:Tree of Life Web Project
2852:Onychogomphus forcipatus
2770:with approximately 9–14
636:, first appeared in the
459:Tetracanthagyna plagiata
333:and are almost entirely
5592:are paraphyletic groups
5235:(cockroaches, termites)
4999:(silverfish, firebrats)
4578:Lestoidea (superfamily)
4047:10.1023/A:1016681524097
3853:10.3390/insects10030062
3577:. Elsevier BV: 107115.
3412:A Dazzle of Dragonflies
3086:. London, UK: Collins.
2069: crown group
568:. This is a thickened,
453:Megaloprepus coerulatus
441:
4943:(jumping bristletails)
4808:(cruisers or skimmers)
4800:(skimmers or perchers)
4725:(clubtail dragonflies)
4622:(sylphs or malachites)
4219:U.S. Geological Survey
3244:10.1098/rstb.2015.0389
2747:(or more specifically
2739:
2724:Ecology and life cycle
617:
527:
519:
508:Austrolestes annulosus
123:hovering over a pond.
6102:Paleobiology Database
4201:University of Florida
4175:University of Alberta
4088:Systematic Entomology
3990:Ecological Indicators
3686:University of Alabama
3489:Systematic Entomology
3010:10.1093/aesa/27.3.411
2731:
2594:(modern dragonflies)
2346:Liassostenophlebiidae
903:, whereas the fossil
604:
525:
501:
465:Petalura ingentissima
450:helicopter damselfly
411:usually denotes only
404:are notably toothed.
5988:Fauna Europaea (new)
5545:(moths, butterflies)
4712:(hawkers or darners)
4300:"World Odonata list"
4167:"Anatomy of Odonata"
3682:"World Odonata List"
3434:Frontiers in Zoology
2932:Canadian damselflies
2927:Canadian dragonflies
2793:of water quality in
2789:Odonates can act as
1579:Sinotriadophlebiidae
1172: (Odonata
703: Odonata
609:dragonfly ancestor,
41:Late Triassic–Recent
4769:Neopetalia punctata
4482:(azure damselflies)
4432:(ancient greenling)
4171:sunsite.ualberta.ca
4100:2003SysEn..28..181R
4002:2016EcInd..61..234G
3891:Zoos' Print Journal
3775:, pp. 181–240.
3724:2021MolPE.16007115B
3583:2021MolPE.16007115B
3501:2009SysEn..34..334N
3360:Upper Carboniferous
3238:(1704): 2015.0389.
3151:2012ODivE..12..301K
2488:Parastenophlebiidae
1910:Protomyrmeleontidae
1374:Triadophlebiomorpha
607:Upper Carboniferous
431:External morphology
427:has been proposed.
5812:Insects portal
5783:Triadophlebioptera
4599:Megapodagrionidae
4565:Pseudostigmatidae
4276:odonatacentral.org
4193:Featured Creatures
3684:. OdonataCentral,
3317:Journal of Zoology
3289:10.1007/BF00693547
3109:"Dragonfly Giants"
3057:Orr, A.G. (2005).
3032:. Merriam-Webster.
2869:Libellula depressa
2740:
2369:Prostenophlebiidae
2177:Campterophlebiidae
1276:Callimokaltaniidae
1025:Heterophlebioptera
638:Late Carboniferous
618:
528:
520:
314:All odonates have
289:that includes the
6163:
6162:
6089:Open Tree of Life
5837:Taxon identifiers
5828:
5827:
5795:
5794:
5791:
5790:
5733:Palaeodictyoptera
5718:
5650:
5613:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5575:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5555:
5554:
5546:
5537:
5515:
5505:
5497:
5475:
5463:
5462:
5455:
5447:
5439:
5417:
5408:
5377:
5333:
5332:
5325:
5317:
5309:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5244:
5236:
5215:
5212:Mantophasmatodea
5207:
5196:
5182:
5174:
5166:
5158:
5150:
5142:
5092:
5091:
5088:
5087:
5080:
5059:
5048:Ephemeropteroidea
5000:
4952:
4951:
4944:
4837:
4836:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4828:
4825:
4824:
4817:
4809:
4801:
4793:
4772:
4760:
4757:Cordulegastridae
4744:Cordulegastroidea
4734:
4726:
4713:
4693:
4679:
4678:
4635:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4623:
4610:
4602:
4589:
4568:
4560:
4552:
4544:
4536:
4528:
4517:
4499:
4491:
4483:
4475:
4467:
4459:
4433:
4290:odonatologica.com
4272:"Odonata Central"
3331:10.1111/jzo.12923
3196:978-0-19-510033-4
3093:978-0-00-715169-1
3068:978-983-812-103-3
2735:Coenagrion puella
2720:
2719:
2711:
2710:
2702:
2701:
2693:
2692:
2684:
2683:
2675:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2657:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2638:
2630:
2629:
2621:
2620:
2612:
2611:
2603:
2602:
2516:
2515:
2507:
2506:
2498:
2497:
2404:
2403:
2395:
2394:
2323:Erichschmidtiidae
2301:
2300:
2292:
2291:
2283:
2282:
2212:
2211:
2203:
2202:
2131:Selenothemistidae
1963:
1962:
1954:
1953:
1945:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1680:
1679:
1671:
1670:
1662:
1661:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1643:
1537:
1536:
1528:
1527:
1479:Moltenophlebiidae
1352:
1351:
1343:
1342:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1324:
1155:
1154:
1146:
1145:
1137:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1119:
1118:
1110:
1109:
1101:
1100:
1050:Stenophlebioptera
857:
856:
848:
847:
839:
838:
830:
829:
821:
820:
812:
811:
510:), a damselfly (
481:Nannophya pygmaea
371:in 1793 from the
345:, and even adult
273:
272:
231:
16:(Redirected from
6223:
6191:Triassic insects
6156:
6155:
6143:
6142:
6133:
6132:
6120:
6119:
6110:
6109:
6097:
6096:
6084:
6083:
6074:
6073:
6061:
6060:
6058:NHMSYS0000841086
6048:
6047:
6035:
6034:
6022:
6021:
6009:
6008:
5996:
5995:
5983:
5982:
5970:
5969:
5957:
5956:
5944:
5943:
5931:
5930:
5918:
5917:
5905:
5904:
5892:
5891:
5879:
5878:
5877:
5864:
5863:
5862:
5832:
5831:
5810:
5809:
5743:Permoplectoptera
5716:
5675:Diaphanopterodea
5648:
5630:
5629:
5619:
5618:
5544:
5535:
5526:Amphiesmenoptera
5513:
5507:
5503:
5495:
5485:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5471:
5453:
5445:
5437:
5415:
5406:
5393:
5392:
5389:
5375:
5366:
5365:
5323:
5315:
5308:(barklice, lice)
5307:
5299:
5289:
5288:
5285:
5284:
5242:
5234:
5213:
5205:
5204:Grylloblattodea
5194:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5156:
5148:
5140:
5132:
5131:
5128:
5121:
5120:
5117:
5116:
5078:
5057:
5044:
5043:
5035:
5034:
5031:
5030:
4998:
4990:
4989:
4960:
4942:
4929:
4928:
4925:
4924:
4914:
4913:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4841:
4840:
4815:
4807:
4799:
4791:
4766:
4758:
4732:
4724:
4718:Austropetaliidae
4711:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4671:Epiophlebioptera
4663:Epiophlebioptera
4659:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4641:
4640:
4621:
4608:
4600:
4587:
4566:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4541:Platycnemididae
4534:
4526:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4497:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4431:
4418:
4417:
4404:
4403:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4311:
4293:
4279:
4265:
4255:
4250:. Archived from
4237:
4226:
4221:. Archived from
4204:
4182:
4177:. Archived from
4155:
4153:
4151:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4111:
4082:
4059:
4058:
4028:
4022:
4021:
3984:
3978:
3977:
3959:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3905:. Archived from
3897:(6): 1505–1511.
3882:
3876:
3875:
3865:
3855:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3814:
3782:
3776:
3770:
3764:
3763:
3745:
3735:
3703:
3697:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3677:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3653:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3604:
3594:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3537:
3531:
3530:
3520:
3484:
3478:
3477:
3467:
3449:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3407:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3374:
3365:
3364:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3307:
3301:
3300:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3255:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3208:
3200:
3182:
3171:
3170:
3134:
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3104:
3098:
3097:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3020:
3014:
3013:
2993:
2893:
2881:
2864:
2847:
2829:
2804:Species richness
2569:
2568:
2530:
2529:
2472:Liassophlebiidae
2464:
2463:
2449:Heterophlebiidae
2441:
2440:
2418:
2417:
2361:
2360:
2338:
2337:
2315:
2314:
2273:Cyclothemistidae
2249:
2248:
2234:Sphenophlebiidae
2226:
2225:
2169:
2168:
2154:Archithemistidae
2146:
2145:
2107:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2074:
2073:
2047:
2046:
2007:
2006:
1980:
1979:
1926:Moltenagrionidae
1902:
1901:
1877:
1876:
1850:
1849:
1731:
1730:
1720:
1719:
1697:
1696:
1634:Triadophlebiidae
1610:
1609:
1555:
1554:
1518:Xamenophlebiidae
1494:
1493:
1455:
1454:
1428:
1427:
1405:
1404:
1380:
1379:
1369:
1368:
1299:Hemizygopteridae
1291:
1290:
1268:
1267:
1245:
1244:
1230:Polytaxineuridae
1222:
1221:
1211:
1210:
1181:
1180:
1166:
1165:
1073:
1065:
1064:
1048:
1040:
1039:
1023:
1015:
1014:
998:
990:
989:
975:Epiophlebioptera
968:
967:
942:
941:
932:
931:
901:Epiophlebioptera
803:
781:
766:
765:
758:
757:
746:
745:
732:
716:
715:
708:
707:
700:
699:
448:Central American
399:
394:
393:
384:
379:
378:
367:coined the term
297:(as well as the
229:
137:
136:
115:
105:
42:
38:Temporal range:
32:
31:
21:
6231:
6230:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6222:
6221:
6220:
6206:Aquatic insects
6166:
6165:
6164:
6159:
6151:
6146:
6138:
6136:
6128:
6123:
6115:
6113:
6105:
6100:
6092:
6087:
6079:
6077:
6069:
6064:
6056:
6051:
6043:
6038:
6030:
6025:
6017:
6012:
6004:
5999:
5991:
5986:
5978:
5973:
5965:
5960:
5952:
5947:
5939:
5934:
5926:
5921:
5913:
5908:
5900:
5895:
5887:
5882:
5873:
5872:
5867:
5858:
5857:
5852:
5839:
5829:
5824:
5804:
5787:
5753:Protelytroptera
5685:Eudiaphanoptera
5670:Coxoplectoptera
5665:Carbotriplurida
5660:Campylopteridae
5637:Aethiocarenodea
5624:
5605:
5551:
5520:
5496:(scorpionflies)
5483:
5472:
5470:
5459:
5422:
5387:
5382:
5360:
5358:
5356:
5354:
5352:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5342:
5340:
5329:
5279:
5277:
5275:
5273:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5248:
5219:
5193:
5186:
5181:(angel insects)
5124:
5111:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5103:
5101:
5099:
5084:
5063:
5025:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5017:
5015:
5013:
5011:
5004:
4984:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4968:
4961:
4948:
4919:
4908:
4876:
4868:
4838:
4821:
4814:Synthemistidae
4776:
4752:Chlorogomphidae
4738:
4690:
4688:
4687:
4675:
4649:
4627:
4572:
4551:(shadowdamsels)
4549:Platystictidae
4525:Coenagrionidae
4514:
4512:
4511:
4509:Coenagrionoidea
4503:
4490:(gossamerwings)
4464:Chlorocyphidae
4456:Calopterygidae
4451:Amphipterygidae
4443:Calopterygoidea
4437:
4430:Hemiphlebiidae
4422:Hemiphlebioidea
4412:
4398:
4360:
4353:
4316:
4298:
4286:"Odonatologica"
4284:
4270:
4260:
4242:
4232:
4209:
4187:
4165:
4162:
4149:
4147:
4127:
4125:
4067:
4062:
4029:
4025:
3985:
3981:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3934:(Report). U.N.
3926:
3925:
3921:
3912:
3910:
3889:. Case report.
3883:
3879:
3832:
3828:
3783:
3779:
3771:
3767:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3688:
3678:
3674:
3666:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3642:
3638:
3630:
3626:
3563:
3559:
3550:
3548:
3538:
3534:
3485:
3481:
3426:
3419:
3408:
3404:
3375:
3368:
3355:Meganeura monyi
3344:
3343:
3339:
3308:
3304:
3273:
3269:
3222:
3218:
3202:
3201:
3197:
3183:
3174:
3135:
3131:
3122:
3120:
3105:
3101:
3094:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3055:
3051:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3022:
3021:
3017:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2909:
2902:
2894:
2885:
2882:
2873:
2865:
2856:
2848:
2839:
2830:
2821:
2726:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2640:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2554:Liassogomphidae
2517:
2508:
2499:
2426:Myopophlebiidae
2405:
2396:
2385:Stenophlebiidae
2302:
2293:
2284:
2213:
2204:
2055:Tarsophlebiidae
2031:Triassolestidae
1988:Triassolestidae
1964:
1955:
1946:
1937:
1858:Voltzialestidae
1835:Permepallagidae
1787:Kaltanoneuridae
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1645:
1618:Paurophlebiidae
1549:Triadophlebiida
1538:
1529:
1502:Permophlebiidae
1353:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1174:sensu lato
1156:
1147:
1138:
1129:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1075:Aeschnidioptera
1000:Isophlebioptera
863:
858:
849:
840:
831:
822:
813:
694:
682:Tarsophlebiidae
620:Members of the
599:
594:
496:
444:
439:
433:
362:
230:Fabricius, 1793
228:
131:
106:
104:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6229:
6219:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6198:
6193:
6188:
6183:
6178:
6161:
6160:
6158:
6157:
6144:
6134:
6121:
6111:
6098:
6085:
6075:
6062:
6049:
6036:
6023:
6010:
5997:
5984:
5975:Fauna Europaea
5971:
5958:
5945:
5932:
5919:
5906:
5893:
5880:
5865:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5815:
5800:
5797:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5789:
5788:
5786:
5785:
5780:
5775:
5770:
5768:Protozygoptera
5765:
5763:Protorthoptera
5760:
5758:Protephemerida
5755:
5750:
5748:Protanisoptera
5745:
5740:
5735:
5730:
5725:
5720:
5717:(griffinflies)
5715:Meganisoptera
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5695:Glosselytrodea
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5644:
5639:
5633:
5626:
5625:
5615:
5614:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5593:
5587:
5580:
5577:
5576:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5552:
5550:
5549:
5539:
5530:
5528:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5518:
5508:
5488:
5486:
5477:
5465:
5464:
5461:
5460:
5458:
5457:
5449:
5441:
5436:Raphidioptera
5432:
5430:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5410:
5401:
5399:
5390:
5388:Neuropteroidea
5384:
5383:
5381:
5380:
5369:
5363:
5335:
5334:
5331:
5330:
5328:
5327:
5319:
5311:
5302:
5300:
5282:
5258:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5246:
5238:
5229:
5227:
5221:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5209:
5206:(ice-crawlers)
5200:
5198:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5184:
5176:
5168:
5160:
5152:
5144:
5135:
5129:
5114:
5094:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5073:
5071:
5065:
5064:
5062:
5061:
5056:Ephemeroptera
5052:
5050:
5041:
5028:
5006:
5005:
5003:
5002:
4993:
4987:
4963:
4962:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4941:Archaeognatha
4937:
4935:
4921:
4920:
4910:
4909:
4907:
4906:
4900:
4894:
4888:
4881:
4878:
4877:
4867:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4844:
4835:
4834:
4831:
4830:
4827:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4820:
4819:
4811:
4803:
4795:
4786:
4784:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4774:
4765:Neopetaliidae
4762:
4754:
4748:
4746:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4728:
4720:
4715:
4706:
4704:
4695:
4681:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4667:
4665:
4651:
4650:
4637:
4636:
4633:
4632:
4629:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4617:
4615:Pseudolestidae
4612:
4604:
4596:
4591:
4582:
4580:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4562:
4557:Protoneuridae
4554:
4546:
4538:
4535:(narrow-wings)
4530:
4521:
4519:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4501:
4493:
4485:
4477:
4472:Dicteriadidae
4469:
4461:
4453:
4447:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4426:
4424:
4414:
4413:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4396:
4390:
4384:
4378:
4372:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4352:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4329:
4323:
4322:
4313:
4312:
4304:pugetsound.edu
4295:
4294:
4281:
4280:
4267:
4266:
4257:
4256:
4254:on 2007-05-29.
4239:
4238:
4229:
4228:
4225:on 2006-08-13.
4215:npwrc.usgs.gov
4206:
4205:
4184:
4183:
4181:on 2008-09-17.
4161:
4160:External links
4158:
4157:
4156:
4134:
4112:
4094:(2): 181–240.
4083:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4041:(5): 673–690.
4023:
3979:
3945:
3940:United Nations
3919:
3877:
3826:
3777:
3765:
3698:
3672:
3660:
3656:Lohmann (1996)
3648:
3644:Trueman (2008)
3636:
3624:
3557:
3532:
3495:(2): 334–345.
3479:
3417:
3402:
3366:
3337:
3324:(4): 247–260.
3302:
3267:
3216:
3195:
3172:
3145:(3): 301–306.
3129:
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3015:
3004:(3): 411–414.
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2898:Anax imperator
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2238:
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2229:
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2222:
2219:
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2215:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2149:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2110:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2096:
2094:Epiproctophora
2090:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:(damselflies)
2077:
2072:
2070:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2050:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:Mesophlebiidae
2010:
2005:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1983:
1978:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1942:
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1933:
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1921:
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1766:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1734:
1729:
1727:
1725:Archizygoptera
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1705:Permagrionidae
1700:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1665:
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1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1613:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1595:Mitophlebiidae
1590:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1558:
1553:
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1505:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1463:Zygophlebiidae
1458:
1453:
1451:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1436:Kargalotypidae
1431:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1378:
1376:
1367:
1365:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1315:Ditaxineuridae
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1253:Permaeschnidae
1248:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1216:Protanisoptera
1209:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1188:
1179:
1177:
1164:
1153:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:(dragonflies)
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1018:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1003:
993:
988:
986:
983:
982:
979:
978:
971:
966:
964:
958:
957:
954:
953:
951:(damselflies)
945:
940:
938:
930:
923:Anisozygoptera
862:
859:
855:
854:
851:
850:
846:
845:
842:
841:
837:
836:
833:
832:
828:
827:
824:
823:
819:
818:
815:
814:
810:
809:
806:
805:
798:(dragonflies)
791:
788:
787:
784:
783:
775:Anisozygoptera
770:
764:
762:
756:
754:
744:
742:
739:
738:
735:
734:
727:(damselflies)
720:
714:
712:
706:
704:
698:
693:
690:
598:
597:Fossil history
595:
593:
590:
550:in the adult.
495:
492:
443:
440:
435:Main article:
432:
429:
417:true dragonfly
361:
358:
287:flying insects
271:
270:
266:
265:
259:
258:
257:
251:
249:Epiophlebiidae
238:
237:
233:
232:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
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117:
116:
108:
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94:
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84:
79:
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69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
37:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6228:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6211:Metapterygota
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6181:Insect orders
6179:
6177:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6154:
6149:
6145:
6141:
6135:
6131:
6126:
6122:
6118:
6112:
6108:
6103:
6099:
6095:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6076:
6072:
6067:
6063:
6059:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6041:
6037:
6033:
6028:
6024:
6020:
6015:
6011:
6007:
6002:
5998:
5994:
5989:
5985:
5981:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5963:
5959:
5955:
5950:
5946:
5942:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5911:
5907:
5903:
5898:
5894:
5890:
5885:
5881:
5876:
5870:
5866:
5861:
5855:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5833:
5821:
5820:
5816:
5814:
5813:
5808:
5802:
5801:
5798:
5784:
5781:
5779:
5776:
5774:
5771:
5769:
5766:
5764:
5761:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5724:
5723:Megasecoptera
5721:
5719:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5631:
5627:
5620:
5616:
5602:
5600:
5594:
5591:
5588:
5586:
5582:
5581:
5578:
5548:
5547:
5540:
5538:
5536:(caddisflies)
5532:
5531:
5529:
5527:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5509:
5506:
5502:Siphonaptera
5499:
5498:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:(Mecopterida)
5466:
5456:
5450:
5448:
5442:
5440:
5434:
5433:
5431:
5429:
5425:
5419:
5418:
5411:
5409:
5405:Strepsiptera
5403:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5394:
5391:
5385:
5379:
5378:
5371:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5336:
5326:
5320:
5318:
5314:Thysanoptera
5312:
5310:
5304:
5303:
5301:
5296:
5295:
5290:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5259:
5245:
5239:
5237:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5226:
5222:
5216:
5210:
5208:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5189:
5183:
5177:
5175:
5169:
5167:
5161:
5159:
5157:(webspinners)
5153:
5151:
5145:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5122:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5095:
5081:
5075:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5036:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5007:
5001:
4995:
4994:
4991:
4988:
4986:
4964:
4959:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4936:
4934:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4915:
4911:
4905:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4865:
4860:
4858:
4853:
4851:
4846:
4845:
4842:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4804:
4802:
4798:Libellulidae
4796:
4794:
4788:
4787:
4785:
4783:
4782:Libelluloidea
4779:
4773:
4770:
4763:
4761:
4755:
4753:
4750:
4749:
4747:
4745:
4741:
4735:
4729:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4708:
4707:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4691:(dragonflies)
4686:
4682:
4672:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4652:
4648:
4642:
4638:
4624:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4607:Perilestidae
4605:
4603:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4588:(spreadwings)
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4569:
4563:
4561:
4555:
4553:
4547:
4545:
4539:
4537:
4533:Isostictidae
4531:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4510:
4506:
4500:
4498:(bannerwings)
4496:Polythoridae
4494:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4480:Diphlebiidae
4478:
4476:
4470:
4468:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4448:
4446:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4383:
4379:
4377:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4358:
4350:
4345:
4343:
4338:
4336:
4331:
4330:
4327:
4319:
4315:
4314:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4296:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4273:
4269:
4268:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4249:
4245:
4241:
4240:
4235:
4231:
4230:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4185:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4146:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4081:(9): 209–266.
4080:
4076:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4065:Cited sources
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4027:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3983:
3975:
3971:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3941:
3937:
3933:
3932:agris.fao.org
3929:
3923:
3909:on 2024-02-28
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3881:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3830:
3822:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3797:(8): 107420.
3796:
3792:
3788:
3781:
3774:
3769:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3725:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3702:
3687:
3683:
3676:
3669:
3664:
3657:
3652:
3645:
3640:
3633:
3628:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3576:
3572:
3568:
3561:
3547:
3546:Geodiversitas
3543:
3536:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3483:
3475:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3424:
3422:
3413:
3406:
3397:
3392:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3373:
3371:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3356:
3349:
3348:
3341:
3332:
3327:
3323:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3306:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3271:
3263:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3232:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3206:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3181:
3179:
3177:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3103:
3095:
3089:
3085:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3045:
3039:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3019:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2988:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2892:
2887:
2880:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2796:
2792:
2791:bioindicators
2787:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2749:insectivorous
2746:
2737:
2736:
2730:
2716:
2715:
2707:
2706:
2698:
2697:
2689:
2688:
2680:
2679:
2671:
2670:
2662:
2661:
2653:
2652:
2644:
2643:
2635:
2634:
2626:
2625:
2617:
2616:
2608:
2607:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2577:Aeschnidiidae
2571:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2538:Juragomphidae
2532:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2512:
2511:
2503:
2502:
2494:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2482:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2451:
2450:
2443:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2427:
2420:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2400:
2399:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2363:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2297:
2296:
2288:
2287:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2267:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2208:
2207:
2199:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2193:Isophlebiidae
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2171:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2148:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2115:Euthemistidae
2109:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2057:
2056:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1982:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
1959:
1958:
1950:
1949:
1941:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1879:
1878:
1872:
1871:Terskejoptera
1868:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1813:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:Oboraneuridae
1765:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1733:
1732:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1699:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1667:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1649:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1628:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1589:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1533:
1532:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1450:
1449:Zygophlebiida
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1413:Pirouteliidae
1407:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1371:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1339:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1321:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1270:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1247:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1224:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1186:Meganisoptera
1183:
1182:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1161:
1158:Cladogram of
1151:
1150:
1142:
1141:
1133:
1132:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1002:
1001:
992:
991:
985:
984:
981:
980:
977:
976:
970:
969:
963:
960:
959:
956:
955:
952:
950:
944:
943:
937:
934:
933:
929:
926:
924:
920:
916:
912:
911:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
885:
883:
879:
875:
871:
868:
853:
852:
844:
843:
835:
834:
826:
825:
817:
816:
808:
807:
804:
802:
797:
790:
789:
786:
785:
782:
780:
776:
768:
767:
760:
759:
752:
748:
747:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
731:
726:
718:
717:
710:
709:
702:
701:
697:
689:
687:
683:
679:
677:
673:
669:
665:
660:
658:
657:Meganisoptera
654:
650:
648:
647:Meganeuropsis
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
626:Late Triassic
623:
615:
613:
608:
603:
589:
587:
583:
579:
573:
571:
567:
562:
560:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
532:compound eyes
524:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:blue ringtail
500:
491:
489:
488:
483:
482:
476:
474:
472:
471:Mecistogaster
467:
466:
461:
460:
455:
454:
449:
438:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
405:
403:
398:
388:
383:
374:
373:Ancient Greek
370:
366:
357:
355:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
335:insectivorous
332:
328:
324:
320:
317:
312:
310:
306:
305:compound eyes
302:
301:
296:
292:
288:
285:
281:
277:
269:
264:(damselflies)
263:
260:
256:(dragonflies)
255:
252:
250:
247:
246:
245:
242:
241:
239:
234:
227:
224:
221:
220:
217:
214:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
147:
144:
141:
140:
135:
130:
126:
122:
121:Aeshna juncea
118:
114:
109:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
33:
30:
19:
6216:Odonatoptera
5844:
5817:
5803:
5773:Syntonoptera
5655:Caloneurodea
5647:Blattoptera
5598:
5589:
5584:
5543:Lepidoptera
5541:
5534:Trichoptera
5510:
5492:
5444:Megaloptera
5438:(snakeflies)
5428:Neuropterida
5412:
5397:Coleopterida
5374:Hymenoptera
5372:
5294:Paraneoptera
5292:
5214:(gladiators)
5163:Phasmatodea
5141:(stoneflies)
5126:Polyneoptera
5076:
5069:Odonatoptera
4933:Monocondylia
4898:Pancrustacea
4896:(unranked):
4816:(tigertails)
4806:Macromiidae
4790:Corduliidae
4768:
4759:(spiketails)
4731:Petaluridae
4620:Synlestidae
4609:(shortwings)
4594:Lestoideidae
4394:Odonatoptera
4392:Superorder:
4356:
4303:
4292:(main page).
4289:
4278:(main page).
4275:
4264:(main page).
4252:the original
4248:iodonata.net
4247:
4223:the original
4214:
4192:
4179:the original
4170:
4148:. Retrieved
4142:
4126:. Retrieved
4120:
4091:
4087:
4078:
4072:
4038:
4032:
4026:
3993:
3989:
3982:
3965:
3961:
3948:
3931:
3922:
3911:. Retrieved
3907:the original
3894:
3890:
3880:
3843:
3839:
3829:
3794:
3790:
3780:
3768:
3715:
3711:
3701:
3689:. Retrieved
3675:
3663:
3651:
3639:
3627:
3574:
3570:
3560:
3549:. Retrieved
3545:
3535:
3492:
3488:
3482:
3437:
3433:
3411:
3405:
3396:10.26879/576
3386:
3382:
3353:
3351:
3346:
3340:
3321:
3315:
3305:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3235:
3229:
3219:
3186:
3142:
3138:
3132:
3121:. Retrieved
3116:
3112:
3102:
3083:
3077:
3058:
3052:
3043:
3038:
3027:
3018:
3001:
2997:
2991:
2967:South Africa
2910:
2897:
2867:
2850:
2833:
2813:
2788:
2765:
2753:
2741:
2733:
2590:
2574:
2551:
2535:
2485:
2469:
2446:
2423:
2382:
2366:
2343:
2320:
2270:
2257:Asiopteridae
2254:
2231:
2190:
2174:
2151:
2128:
2112:
2079:
2066:
2052:
2028:
2012:
1985:
1923:
1907:
1884:
1882:
1855:
1832:
1816:
1800:
1784:
1768:
1752:
1736:
1702:
1631:
1615:
1592:
1576:
1563:Triassologus
1560:
1515:
1499:
1476:
1460:
1433:
1410:
1387:
1385:
1312:
1296:
1273:
1250:
1227:
1193:Meganeuridae
1190:
1173:
1170:Odonatoptera
1160:Odonatoptera
1157:
1088:
1070:
1045:
1020:
995:
973:
961:
947:
935:
927:
908:
886:
870:Odonatoptera
864:
793:
772:
722:
695:
686:sister taxon
680:
672:paraphyletic
661:
645:
634:Odonatoptera
619:
610:
574:
563:
552:
529:
507:
485:
479:
477:
469:
463:
457:
451:
445:
424:
420:
419:, or simply
416:
408:
406:
368:
363:
354:Odonatoptera
351:
313:
298:
275:
274:
267:
225:
216:Odonatoptera
212:Superorder:
182:(unranked):
120:
29:
6014:iNaturalist
5869:Wikispecies
5819:Wikispecies
5778:Titanoptera
5710:Lapeyriidae
5705:Hypoperlida
5680:Eoblattodea
5649:(roachoids)
5642:Archodonata
5484:Antliophora
5452:Neuroptera
5414:Coleoptera
5225:Dictyoptera
5195:(Xenonomia)
5171:Orthoptera
5155:Embioptera
5147:Dermaptera
5139:Plecoptera
5039:Palaeoptera
4902:Subphylum:
4601:(flatwings)
4488:Euphaeidae
4150:15 December
4128:15 December
3996:: 234–247.
3773:Rehn (2003)
3668:Rehn (2003)
3283:(1): 9–22.
3084:Dragonflies
2760:spermatozoa
2745:carnivorous
1755:Kennedyidae
1739:Bakteniidae
1691:Stigmoptera
1363:Discoidalia
878:systematics
874:Protodonata
668:Palaeoptera
630:total group
622:crown group
566:pterostigma
494:Description
487:Agriocnemis
421:anisopteran
331:carnivorous
300:Epiophlebia
295:damselflies
291:dragonflies
206:Palaeoptera
6170:Categories
5728:Miomoptera
5494:Mecoptera
5322:Hemiptera
5243:(mantises)
5233:Blattodea
5179:Zoraptera
5058:(mayflies)
4997:Zygentoma
4892:Arthropoda
4723:Gomphidae
4710:Aeshnidae
4702:Aeshnoidea
4685:Anisoptera
4474:(barelegs)
4386:Subclass:
4376:Arthropoda
3913:2024-05-06
3743:11093/2768
3718:: 107115.
3602:11093/2768
3551:2024-06-04
3518:2115/42988
3389:(1): 576.
3123:2024-06-04
3119:(1): 29–31
2984:References
2832:A pair of
2592:Anisoptera
2033:(in part)
2001:Lobodonata
1990:(in part)
1974:Panodonata
1819:Luiseiidae
1803:Lodeviidae
1090:Anisoptera
915:Anisoptera
910:sensu lato
889:Anisoptera
867:superorder
796:Anisoptera
605:The giant
544:mouthparts
538:and short
425:warriorfly
413:Anisoptera
254:Anisoptera
236:Suborders
202:Division:
192:Subclass:
186:Dicondylia
166:Arthropoda
5700:Heraridea
5690:Geroptera
5595:Based on
5469:Panorpida
5416:(beetles)
5306:Psocodea
5241:Mantodea
5192:Notoptera
5149:(earwigs)
4884:Kingdom:
4647:Epiprocta
4645:Suborder
4586:Lestidae
4410:Zygoptera
4408:Suborder
4388:Pterygota
4368:Kingdom:
4018:1470-160X
3974:1341-1527
3846:(3): 62.
3752:1055-7903
3611:1055-7903
3527:0307-6970
3456:1742-9994
3440:(1): 46.
3205:cite book
3167:1439-6092
3024:"odonate"
2972:Sri Lanka
2917:Australia
2901:in flight
2809:pool frog
2800:ecosystem
2776:predators
2081:Zygoptera
1205:Nodialata
962:Epiprocta
949:Zygoptera
919:Zygoptera
893:Epiprocta
751:Epiprocta
725:Zygoptera
692:Phylogeny
651:from the
642:Paleozoic
612:Meganeura
592:Evolution
570:hemolymph
548:mandibles
512:Zygoptera
409:dragonfly
407:The word
309:Zygoptera
284:predatory
262:Zygoptera
244:Epiprocta
196:Pterygota
152:Kingdom:
146:Eukaryota
5923:BugGuide
5854:Wikidata
5738:Paoliida
5512:Diptera
5316:(thrips)
5077:Odonata
4904:Hexapoda
4890:Phylum:
4886:Animalia
4466:(jewels)
4374:Phylum:
4370:Animalia
4359:families
4055:40735036
3968:: 1–15.
3872:30823469
3821:37583549
3812:10424082
3791:iScience
3760:33609713
3619:33609713
3474:27766110
3297:23441098
3262:27528779
2962:Slovenia
2907:See also
1886:Terskeja
861:Taxonomy
769:
761:
719:
711:
664:mayflies
649:permiana
559:Neoptera
540:antennae
516:Lestidae
473:linearis
402:maxillae
389:form of
343:tadpoles
162:Phylum:
156:Animalia
142:Domain:
6176:Odonata
6117:odonata
5902:Odonata
5889:Odonata
5875:Odonata
5845:Odonata
5623:Extinct
5597:Sasaki
5504:(fleas)
5298: *
4382:Insecta
4380:Class:
4357:Odonata
4355:Extant
4096:Bibcode
3998:Bibcode
3942:. 2019.
3863:6468591
3840:Insects
3720:Bibcode
3579:Bibcode
3497:Bibcode
3465:5057408
3358:of the
3253:4992713
3147:Bibcode
2957:Ireland
2942:Finland
2937:Estonia
2922:Britain
2872:resting
2819:Gallery
2768:instars
2067:Odonata
936:Odonata
897:species
753:
653:Permian
369:Odonata
321:called
316:aquatic
276:Odonata
226:Odonata
222:Order:
176:Insecta
172:Class:
35:Odonata
18:Odonate
6153:404096
6140:544391
6137:uBio:
6094:133665
6078:NZOR:
6045:101593
5967:1ODONO
5860:Q25375
5601:(2013)
5599:et al.
5590:Italic
4918:Extant
4874:orders
4871:Insect
4053:
4016:
3972:
3870:
3860:
3819:
3809:
3758:
3750:
3691:14 Mar
3617:
3609:
3525:
3472:
3462:
3454:
3295:
3260:
3250:
3193:
3165:
3113:Agrion
3090:
3065:
2977:Taiwan
2947:France
2838:mating
2795:rivers
2784:nymphs
2782:. The
2780:fishes
1389:Iverya
794:
773:
749:
723:
586:rectum
578:nymphs
555:direct
542:. The
536:ocelli
327:nymphs
323:naiads
319:larvae
278:is an
6148:WoRMS
6125:Plazi
6114:PPE:
6107:71353
6032:10790
6027:IRMNG
6019:47792
5980:11831
5941:B6LCL
4051:S2CID
3958:(PDF)
3293:S2CID
2952:India
2884:Nymph
2772:molts
2756:cerci
882:clade
614:monyi
582:gills
502:Male
397:odoĂşs
392:ὀδούς
387:Ionic
347:newts
280:order
6071:6961
6066:NCBI
6040:ITIS
6001:GBIF
5962:EPPO
5910:BOLD
5585:bold
4197:IFAS
4152:2008
4130:2008
4014:ISSN
3970:ISSN
3868:PMID
3817:PMID
3756:PMID
3748:ISSN
3693:2023
3615:PMID
3607:ISSN
3523:ISSN
3470:PMID
3452:ISSN
3258:PMID
3211:link
3191:ISBN
3163:ISSN
3088:ISBN
3063:ISBN
2855:male
921:and
905:taxa
887:The
442:Size
382:odáą“n
377:ὀδών
339:fish
293:and
46:Preęž’
6053:NBN
6006:789
5954:952
5949:EoL
5936:CoL
5915:105
5897:AFD
5884:ADW
4104:doi
4079:106
4043:doi
4006:doi
3899:doi
3858:PMC
3848:doi
3807:PMC
3799:doi
3738:hdl
3728:doi
3716:160
3597:hdl
3587:doi
3575:160
3513:hdl
3505:doi
3460:PMC
3442:doi
3391:doi
3326:doi
3322:315
3285:doi
3248:PMC
3240:doi
3236:371
3155:doi
3006:doi
325:or
282:of
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