44:
86:
63:
362:
of a lineage related to dragonflies and lineage related to damselflies in propoportions of roughly 67% and 33%, respectively, which may explain why it combines features of both dragonflies and damselflies. The genus was historically placed in the clade "Anisozygoptera" along with a variety of fossil
287:
have a disjunct distribution, occurring in a narrow habitat of cold mountain streams at an altitude of 1,300â3,000 metres (4,300â9,800 ft) with temperatures of around 4â5 °C (39â41 °F) in winter to 16â17 °C (61â63 °F) in summer. The first two species described are
267:
with the wings being held over the back when resting like damselflies. Like in true dragonflies (Anisoptera) the aquatic nymphs breathe through a rectal chamber, but jet propulsion (which is found in true dragonflies) has not been observed.
274:
flies relatively clumsily and is less manoverable than dragonflies, preferring to rapidly fly in straight lines in the shade, using a fast wingbeat with a wing motion intermediate between those of dragonflies and damselflies.
676:
Suvorov, Anton; Scornavacca, Celine; Fujimoto, M Stanley; Bodily, Paul; Clement, Mark; Crandall, Keith A; Whiting, Michael F; Schrider, Daniel R; Bybee, Seth M (2022-04-19). Matschiner, Michael (ed.).
573:
G. RĂŒppell & D. Hilfert. (1993). The flight of the relict dragonfly
Epiophlebia superstes (Selys) in comparison with that of the modern Odonata (Anisozygoptera: Epiophlebiidae).
590:
Li J.-K., Nel A., Zhang X.-P., Fleck G., Gao M.-X., Lin L. & Zhou J., 2012. A third species of the relict family
Epiophlebiidae discovered in China (Odonata: Epiproctophora).
774:"Burmaphlebia reifi gen. et sp. nov. , the first anisozygopteran damsel-dragonfly (Odonata: Epiophlebioptera: Burmaphlebiidae fam. nov.) from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber"
264:
adults have a distinctive black and yellow striped colouration. Their bodies resemble those of dragonflies, while their wings more closely resemble those of damselflies,
421:"Taxonomic note on the species status of Epiophlebia diana (Insecta, Odonata, Epiophlebiidae), including remarks on biogeography and possible species distribution"
302:
216:
380:
645:
Goodman, Aaron M.; Beatty, Christopher D.; BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Ubukata, Hidenori; Miyazaki, Toshiyuki; Blair, Mary E.; Ware, Jessica L. (2024-03-05).
647:"Paleoecological niche modeling of Epiophlebia (Epiophlebioptera: Epiophlebiidae) reveals continuous distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum"
1641:
1458:
314:, has been claimed from larval material from South China, but this is not universally accepted, with some authors considering it a synonym of
1654:
1471:
1615:
1432:
232:
is a genus of damsel-dragonfly native to the Indian subcontinent, East Asia, and
Southeast Asia. It is the only living genus of
837:
1659:
1476:
734:
342:
is overall more closely related to dragonflies than damselflies, being placed along with dragonflies in the clade
519:"The thorax morphology of Epiophlebia (Insecta: Odonata) nymphs â including remarks on ontogenesis and evolution"
17:
614:(Odonata: Epiophlebioidea) from China with a review of epiophlebian taxonomy, life history, and biogeography"
1581:
1576:
1398:
1393:
85:
1544:
773:
1774:
1068:
1746:
1685:
1502:
1336:
1463:
646:
1741:
1695:
1680:
1646:
1497:
1374:
920:
830:
290:
209:
52:
1672:
1489:
1602:
1553:
1419:
785:
677:
530:
359:
296:
202:
71:
387:
of
Myanmar, dating to around 100 million years ago, may represent true close relatives of
8:
1255:
678:"Deep Ancestral Introgression Shapes Evolutionary History of Dragonflies and Damselflies"
323:
789:
534:
1769:
1558:
710:
551:
518:
455:
80:
300:
from the northern Indian subcontinent and northern
Vietnam. In 2012, a third species,
1667:
1589:
1484:
1406:
1234:
1089:
1055:
801:
754:
750:
715:
697:
556:
499:
479:
460:
442:
354:, approximately 205 million years ago. Genetic evidence suggests that the lineage of
43:
1594:
1411:
1247:
1208:
823:
793:
746:
705:
689:
658:
625:
546:
538:
491:
450:
432:
1722:
1529:
1242:
1031:
999:
941:
933:
912:
797:
350:
is suggested to have split from that of living dragonflies around the end of the
375:
group, with many "anisozygopterans" more closely related to dragonflies than to
1359:
1304:
1105:
1039:
1015:
954:
946:
662:
437:
319:
495:
1763:
1272:
1047:
962:
805:
758:
701:
693:
503:
446:
420:
384:
1288:
1097:
1084:
1023:
986:
970:
884:
719:
560:
464:
372:
368:
1385:
815:
630:
609:
318:
The distribution of the genus may have been continuous during
Pleistocene
1733:
1628:
1568:
1538:
1445:
1368:
1296:
1280:
1221:
1110:
330:
species to each other despite the broad geographical range of the genus.
306:, was described from Heilongjiang province in northeast China, bridging
1437:
1192:
978:
542:
1633:
1450:
1213:
1200:
1175:
1137:
900:
878:
866:
480:"The head anatomy of Epiophlebia superstes (Odonata: Epiophlebiidae)"
343:
241:
237:
147:
117:
97:
1620:
1330:
1716:
1523:
1353:
1076:
517:
BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Helmker, Benjamin; Hörnschemeyer, Thomas (2015).
364:
351:
248:, which is itself the sole living representative of the infraorder
62:
478:
Blanke, Alexander; Beckmann, Felix; Misof, Bernhard (March 2013).
847:
233:
137:
735:"Phylogenetic analysis of higherâlevel relationships of Odonata"
675:
872:
860:
127:
107:
1424:
1607:
310:
distribution gap between Nepal and Japan. A fourth species,
644:
516:
326:, which may explain the genetic similarity of sequenced
367:
period, but this grouping was later shown to be non-
477:
419:BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Ware, Jessica L. (2022-11-02).
1761:
1152:
831:
772:Bechly, GĂŒnter; Poinar, George (April 2013).
1283:(emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers)
771:
845:
838:
824:
61:
42:
1058:(helicopter damselflies or forest giants)
709:
629:
550:
454:
436:
418:
14:
1762:
1135:
898:
244:. It is the sole member of the family
1335:
1334:
1134:
897:
819:
618:Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny
607:
732:
651:International Journal of Odonatology
414:
412:
410:
408:
406:
404:
1018:(narrow-winged or pond damselflies)
484:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
24:
25:
1786:
401:
751:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x
84:
1224:(giant dragonfly and relatives)
765:
338:Genetic evidence suggests that
278:
733:Rehn, Andrew C. (April 2003).
726:
669:
638:
601:
584:
567:
510:
471:
363:odonatans, primarily from the
255:
13:
1:
394:
798:10.1080/08912963.2012.753884
333:
7:
949:(jewelwings or demoiselles)
10:
1791:
1050:(threadtails, bambootails)
1034:(white-legged damselflies)
663:10.48156/1388.2024.1917262
438:10.3897/zookeys.1127.83240
1706:
1513:
1343:
1271:
1233:
1191:
1174:
1148:
1144:
1130:
1067:
1006:(closed wing damselflies)
998:
932:
911:
907:
893:
855:
496:10.1007/s13127-012-0097-z
198:
193:
81:Scientific classification
79:
69:
60:
50:
41:
34:
383:from the mid Cretaceous
360:reticulate hybridisation
1069:Lestoidea (superfamily)
358:arose from the ancient
1299:(cruisers or skimmers)
1291:(skimmers or perchers)
1216:(clubtail dragonflies)
1113:(sylphs or malachites)
694:10.1093/sysbio/syab063
1742:Paleobiology Database
1681:Paleobiology Database
1498:Paleobiology Database
739:Systematic Entomology
631:10.3897/asp.70.e31750
592:Systematic Entomology
379:. The extinct family
294:known from Japan and
291:Epiophlebia superstes
210:Epiophlebia superstes
53:Epiophlebia superstes
1203:(hawkers or darners)
303:Epiophlebia sinensis
297:Epiophlebia laidlawi
217:Epiophlebia sinensis
203:Epiophlebia laidlawi
72:Epiophlebia laidlawi
27:Genus of dragonflies
1260:Neopetalia punctata
973:(azure damselflies)
923:(ancient greenling)
790:2013HBio...25..233B
608:Carle, F L (2012).
535:2015NatSR...512835B
324:Last Glacial Period
1090:Megapodagrionidae
1056:Pseudostigmatidae
778:Historical Biology
682:Systematic Biology
523:Scientific Reports
1757:
1756:
1668:Open Tree of Life
1485:Open Tree of Life
1337:Taxon identifiers
1328:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1300:
1292:
1284:
1263:
1251:
1248:Cordulegastridae
1235:Cordulegastroidea
1225:
1217:
1204:
1184:
1170:
1169:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1114:
1101:
1093:
1080:
1059:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1008:
990:
982:
974:
966:
958:
950:
924:
543:10.1038/srep12835
371:, representing a
346:. The lineage of
225:
224:
189:
173:
16:(Redirected from
1782:
1750:
1749:
1737:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1699:
1698:
1689:
1688:
1676:
1675:
1663:
1662:
1650:
1649:
1637:
1636:
1624:
1623:
1611:
1610:
1598:
1597:
1585:
1584:
1572:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1506:
1505:
1493:
1492:
1480:
1479:
1467:
1466:
1454:
1453:
1441:
1440:
1428:
1427:
1415:
1414:
1402:
1401:
1389:
1388:
1379:
1378:
1377:
1364:
1363:
1362:
1332:
1331:
1306:
1298:
1290:
1282:
1257:
1249:
1223:
1215:
1209:Austropetaliidae
1202:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1162:Epiophlebioptera
1154:Epiophlebioptera
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1132:
1131:
1112:
1099:
1091:
1078:
1057:
1049:
1041:
1033:
1032:Platycnemididae
1025:
1017:
1009:
1007:
1004:
988:
980:
972:
964:
956:
948:
922:
909:
908:
895:
894:
840:
833:
826:
817:
816:
810:
809:
769:
763:
762:
730:
724:
723:
713:
673:
667:
666:
642:
636:
635:
633:
605:
599:
588:
582:
571:
565:
564:
554:
514:
508:
507:
475:
469:
468:
458:
440:
416:
250:Epiophlebioptera
236:to neither be a
187:
171:
158:Epiophlebioptera
89:
88:
65:
46:
32:
31:
21:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1745:
1740:
1732:
1730:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1708:Epiophlebioidea
1702:
1694:
1692:
1684:
1679:
1671:
1666:
1658:
1653:
1645:
1640:
1632:
1627:
1619:
1614:
1606:
1601:
1593:
1588:
1580:
1575:
1567:
1565:
1557:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1537:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1509:
1501:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1475:
1470:
1462:
1457:
1449:
1444:
1436:
1431:
1423:
1418:
1410:
1405:
1397:
1392:
1384:
1382:
1373:
1372:
1367:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1339:
1329:
1312:
1305:Synthemistidae
1267:
1243:Chlorogomphidae
1229:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1166:
1140:
1118:
1063:
1042:(shadowdamsels)
1040:Platystictidae
1016:Coenagrionidae
1005:
1003:
1002:
1000:Coenagrionoidea
994:
981:(gossamerwings)
955:Chlorocyphidae
947:Calopterygidae
942:Amphipterygidae
934:Calopterygoidea
928:
921:Hemiphlebiidae
913:Hemiphlebioidea
903:
889:
851:
844:
814:
813:
770:
766:
731:
727:
674:
670:
643:
639:
606:
602:
589:
585:
572:
568:
515:
511:
476:
472:
417:
402:
397:
381:Burmaphlebiidae
336:
320:glacial periods
281:
258:
186:
170:
83:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1775:Odonata genera
1772:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1738:
1728:
1712:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1690:
1677:
1664:
1651:
1638:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1586:
1573:
1563:
1559:Epiophlebiidae
1550:
1545:Epiophlebiidae
1535:
1519:
1517:
1515:Epiophlebiidae
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1494:
1481:
1468:
1455:
1442:
1429:
1416:
1403:
1390:
1380:
1365:
1349:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1302:
1294:
1286:
1277:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1256:Neopetaliidae
1253:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1219:
1211:
1206:
1197:
1195:
1186:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1158:
1156:
1142:
1141:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1106:Pseudolestidae
1103:
1095:
1087:
1082:
1073:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1053:
1048:Protoneuridae
1045:
1037:
1029:
1026:(narrow-wings)
1021:
1012:
1010:
996:
995:
993:
992:
984:
976:
968:
963:Dicteriadidae
960:
952:
944:
938:
936:
930:
929:
927:
926:
917:
915:
905:
904:
891:
890:
888:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
856:
853:
852:
843:
842:
835:
828:
820:
812:
811:
784:(2): 233â237.
764:
745:(2): 181â240.
725:
688:(3): 526â546.
668:
637:
600:
583:
566:
509:
470:
399:
398:
396:
393:
335:
332:
280:
277:
260:The bodies of
257:
254:
246:Epiophlebiidae
223:
222:
221:
220:
213:
206:
196:
195:
191:
190:
179:
175:
174:
172:Tillyard, 1917
168:Epiophlebiidae
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
67:
66:
58:
57:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
18:Epiophlebiidae
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1787:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1691:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1309:
1303:
1301:
1295:
1293:
1289:Libellulidae
1287:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1273:Libelluloidea
1270:
1264:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1182:(dragonflies)
1177:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1098:Perilestidae
1096:
1094:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1079:(spreadwings)
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1052:
1046:
1044:
1038:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1024:Isostictidae
1022:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1001:
997:
991:
989:(bannerwings)
987:Polythoridae
985:
983:
977:
975:
971:Diphlebiidae
969:
967:
961:
959:
953:
951:
945:
943:
940:
939:
937:
935:
931:
925:
919:
918:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
896:
892:
886:
882:
880:
876:
874:
870:
868:
864:
862:
858:
857:
854:
849:
841:
836:
834:
829:
827:
822:
821:
818:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
768:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
729:
721:
717:
712:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
672:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
641:
632:
627:
623:
619:
615:
613:
604:
597:
593:
587:
581:(3), 295â309.
580:
576:
575:Odonatologica
570:
562:
558:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
513:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
474:
466:
462:
457:
452:
448:
444:
439:
434:
430:
426:
422:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
400:
392:
390:
386:
385:Burmese amber
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
331:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
299:
298:
293:
292:
286:
276:
273:
269:
266:
263:
253:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:
219:
218:
214:
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188:Calvert, 1903
185:
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169:
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68:
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55:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
1707:
1514:
1344:
1307:(tigertails)
1297:Macromiidae
1281:Corduliidae
1259:
1250:(spiketails)
1222:Petaluridae
1161:
1153:
1111:Synlestidae
1100:(shortwings)
1085:Lestoideidae
885:Odonatoptera
883:Superorder:
781:
777:
767:
742:
738:
728:
685:
681:
671:
654:
650:
640:
624:(2): 75â83.
621:
617:
611:
603:
595:
591:
586:
578:
574:
569:
526:
522:
512:
490:(1): 55â66.
487:
483:
473:
428:
424:
388:
376:
373:paraphyletic
369:monophyletic
355:
347:
339:
337:
327:
322:such as the
316:E. laidlawi.
315:
311:
307:
301:
295:
289:
284:
282:
279:Distribution
271:
270:
265:
261:
259:
249:
245:
228:
227:
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215:
208:
201:
182:
181:
167:
157:
154:Infraorder:
70:
51:
35:
29:
1629:iNaturalist
1539:Wikispecies
1446:iNaturalist
1375:Epiophlebia
1369:Wikispecies
1345:Epiophlebia
1092:(flatwings)
979:Euphaeidae
612:Epiophlebia
598:(2):408-412
389:Epiophlebia
377:Epiophlebia
356:Epiophlebia
348:Epiophlebia
340:Epiophlebia
328:Epiophlebia
308:Epiophlebia
285:Epiophlebia
283:Species of
272:Epiophelbia
262:Epiophlebia
256:Description
229:Epiophlebia
183:Epiophlebia
36:Epiophlebia
1764:Categories
1214:Gomphidae
1201:Aeshnidae
1193:Aeshnoidea
1176:Anisoptera
965:(barelegs)
877:Subclass:
867:Arthropoda
395:References
144:Suborder:
118:Arthropoda
1770:Epiprocta
1723:Q21076696
1530:Q13080833
1138:Epiprocta
1136:Suborder
1077:Lestidae
901:Zygoptera
899:Suborder
879:Pterygota
859:Kingdom:
806:0891-2963
759:0307-6970
702:1063-5157
657:: 60â76.
529:: 12835.
504:1439-6092
447:1313-2970
431:: 79â90.
344:Epiprocta
334:Evolution
242:damselfly
238:dragonfly
148:Epiprocta
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
1731:BioLib:
1717:Wikidata
1566:BioLib:
1524:Wikidata
1383:BioLib:
1360:Q1758531
1354:Wikidata
957:(jewels)
865:Phylum:
861:Animalia
850:families
720:34324671
561:26246088
465:36760358
365:Jurassic
352:Triassic
312:E. diana
194:Species
164:Family:
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
1696:6984694
1464:1063223
1438:1421304
873:Insecta
871:Class:
848:Odonata
846:Extant
786:Bibcode
711:9017697
610:"A new
552:4526886
531:Bibcode
456:9836702
425:ZooKeys
234:Odonata
178:Genus:
138:Odonata
134:Order:
128:Insecta
124:Class:
1747:180021
1693:uBio:
1686:180022
1673:461356
1660:126192
1647:109845
1582:523946
1503:180023
1490:915723
1477:126246
1399:523947
1386:224644
804:
757:
718:
708:
700:
559:
549:
502:
463:
453:
445:
240:nor a
75:naiad
56:adult
1734:31751
1642:IRMNG
1634:85762
1595:9WKRP
1569:31752
1459:IRMNG
1451:88201
1425:45468
1412:9WM5N
1655:NCBI
1621:4485
1616:GBIF
1608:5247
1577:BOLD
1472:NCBI
1433:GBIF
1394:BOLD
802:ISSN
755:ISSN
716:PMID
698:ISSN
557:PMID
500:ISSN
461:PMID
443:ISSN
429:1127
1603:EoL
1590:CoL
1554:ADW
1420:EoL
1407:CoL
794:doi
747:doi
706:PMC
690:doi
659:doi
626:doi
547:PMC
539:doi
492:doi
451:PMC
433:doi
1766::
1744::
1719::
1683::
1670::
1657::
1644::
1631::
1618::
1605::
1592::
1579::
1556::
1541::
1526::
1500::
1487::
1474::
1461::
1448::
1435::
1422::
1409::
1396::
1371::
1356::
800:.
792:.
782:25
780:.
776:.
753:.
743:28
741:.
737:.
714:.
704:.
696:.
686:71
684:.
680:.
655:27
653:.
649:.
622:70
620:.
616:.
596:37
594:,
579:22
577:,
555:.
545:.
537:.
525:.
521:.
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488:13
486:.
482:.
459:.
449:.
441:.
427:.
423:.
403:^
391:.
252:.
1262:)
1258:(
839:e
832:t
825:v
808:.
796::
788::
761:.
749::
722:.
692::
665:.
661::
634:.
628::
563:.
541::
533::
527:5
506:.
494::
467:.
435::
20:)
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