33:
75:
52:
351:
of a lineage related to dragonflies and lineage related to damselflies in propoportions of roughly 67% and 33%, respectively, which may explain why it combines features of both dragonflies and damselflies. The genus was historically placed in the clade "Anisozygoptera" along with a variety of fossil
276:
have a disjunct distribution, occurring in a narrow habitat of cold mountain streams at an altitude of 1,300â3,000 metres (4,300â9,800 ft) with temperatures of around 4â5 °C (39â41 °F) in winter to 16â17 °C (61â63 °F) in summer. The first two species described are
256:
with the wings being held over the back when resting like damselflies. Like in true dragonflies (Anisoptera) the aquatic nymphs breathe through a rectal chamber, but jet propulsion (which is found in true dragonflies) has not been observed.
263:
flies relatively clumsily and is less manoverable than dragonflies, preferring to rapidly fly in straight lines in the shade, using a fast wingbeat with a wing motion intermediate between those of dragonflies and damselflies.
665:
Suvorov, Anton; Scornavacca, Celine; Fujimoto, M Stanley; Bodily, Paul; Clement, Mark; Crandall, Keith A; Whiting, Michael F; Schrider, Daniel R; Bybee, Seth M (2022-04-19). Matschiner, Michael (ed.).
562:
G. RĂŒppell & D. Hilfert. (1993). The flight of the relict dragonfly
Epiophlebia superstes (Selys) in comparison with that of the modern Odonata (Anisozygoptera: Epiophlebiidae).
579:
Li J.-K., Nel A., Zhang X.-P., Fleck G., Gao M.-X., Lin L. & Zhou J., 2012. A third species of the relict family
Epiophlebiidae discovered in China (Odonata: Epiproctophora).
763:"Burmaphlebia reifi gen. et sp. nov. , the first anisozygopteran damsel-dragonfly (Odonata: Epiophlebioptera: Burmaphlebiidae fam. nov.) from Early Cretaceous Burmese amber"
253:
adults have a distinctive black and yellow striped colouration. Their bodies resemble those of dragonflies, while their wings more closely resemble those of damselflies,
410:"Taxonomic note on the species status of Epiophlebia diana (Insecta, Odonata, Epiophlebiidae), including remarks on biogeography and possible species distribution"
291:
205:
369:
634:
Goodman, Aaron M.; Beatty, Christopher D.; BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Ubukata, Hidenori; Miyazaki, Toshiyuki; Blair, Mary E.; Ware, Jessica L. (2024-03-05).
636:"Paleoecological niche modeling of Epiophlebia (Epiophlebioptera: Epiophlebiidae) reveals continuous distribution during the Last Glacial Maximum"
1630:
1447:
303:, has been claimed from larval material from South China, but this is not universally accepted, with some authors considering it a synonym of
1643:
1460:
1604:
1421:
221:
is a genus of damsel-dragonfly native to the Indian subcontinent, East Asia, and
Southeast Asia. It is the only living genus of
826:
1648:
1465:
723:
331:
is overall more closely related to dragonflies than damselflies, being placed along with dragonflies in the clade
508:"The thorax morphology of Epiophlebia (Insecta: Odonata) nymphs â including remarks on ontogenesis and evolution"
603:(Odonata: Epiophlebioidea) from China with a review of epiophlebian taxonomy, life history, and biogeography"
1570:
1565:
1387:
1382:
74:
1533:
762:
1763:
1057:
1735:
1674:
1491:
1325:
1452:
635:
1730:
1684:
1669:
1635:
1486:
1363:
909:
819:
279:
198:
41:
1661:
1478:
1591:
1542:
1408:
774:
666:
519:
348:
285:
191:
60:
376:
of
Myanmar, dating to around 100 million years ago, may represent true close relatives of
8:
1244:
667:"Deep Ancestral Introgression Shapes Evolutionary History of Dragonflies and Damselflies"
312:
778:
523:
1758:
1547:
699:
540:
507:
444:
69:
289:
from the northern Indian subcontinent and northern
Vietnam. In 2012, a third species,
1656:
1578:
1473:
1395:
1223:
1078:
1044:
790:
743:
739:
704:
686:
545:
488:
468:
449:
431:
343:, approximately 205 million years ago. Genetic evidence suggests that the lineage of
32:
1583:
1400:
1236:
1197:
812:
782:
735:
694:
678:
647:
614:
535:
527:
480:
439:
421:
1711:
1518:
1231:
1020:
988:
930:
922:
901:
786:
339:
is suggested to have split from that of living dragonflies around the end of the
364:
group, with many "anisozygopterans" more closely related to dragonflies than to
1348:
1293:
1094:
1028:
1004:
943:
935:
651:
426:
308:
484:
1752:
1261:
1036:
951:
794:
747:
690:
682:
492:
435:
409:
373:
1277:
1086:
1073:
1012:
975:
959:
873:
708:
549:
453:
361:
357:
1374:
804:
619:
598:
307:
The distribution of the genus may have been continuous during
Pleistocene
1722:
1617:
1557:
1527:
1434:
1357:
1285:
1269:
1210:
1099:
319:
species to each other despite the broad geographical range of the genus.
295:, was described from Heilongjiang province in northeast China, bridging
1426:
1181:
967:
531:
1622:
1439:
1202:
1189:
1164:
1126:
889:
867:
855:
469:"The head anatomy of Epiophlebia superstes (Odonata: Epiophlebiidae)"
332:
230:
226:
136:
106:
86:
1609:
1319:
1705:
1512:
1342:
1065:
506:
BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Helmker, Benjamin; Hörnschemeyer, Thomas (2015).
353:
340:
237:, which is itself the sole living representative of the infraorder
51:
467:
Blanke, Alexander; Beckmann, Felix; Misof, Bernhard (March 2013).
836:
222:
126:
724:"Phylogenetic analysis of higherâlevel relationships of Odonata"
664:
861:
849:
116:
96:
1413:
1596:
299:
distribution gap between Nepal and Japan. A fourth species,
633:
505:
315:, which may explain the genetic similarity of sequenced
356:
period, but this grouping was later shown to be non-
466:
408:BĂŒsse, Sebastian; Ware, Jessica L. (2022-11-02).
1750:
1141:
820:
761:Bechly, GĂŒnter; Poinar, George (April 2013).
1272:(emerald dragonflies or green-eyed skimmers)
760:
834:
827:
813:
50:
31:
1047:(helicopter damselflies or forest giants)
698:
618:
539:
443:
425:
407:
1751:
1124:
887:
233:. It is the sole member of the family
1324:
1323:
1123:
886:
808:
607:Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny
596:
721:
640:International Journal of Odonatology
403:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
1007:(narrow-winged or pond damselflies)
473:Organisms Diversity & Evolution
13:
14:
1775:
390:
740:10.1046/j.1365-3113.2003.00210.x
73:
1213:(giant dragonfly and relatives)
754:
327:Genetic evidence suggests that
267:
722:Rehn, Andrew C. (April 2003).
715:
658:
627:
590:
573:
556:
499:
460:
352:odonatans, primarily from the
244:
1:
383:
787:10.1080/08912963.2012.753884
322:
7:
938:(jewelwings or demoiselles)
10:
1780:
1039:(threadtails, bambootails)
1023:(white-legged damselflies)
652:10.48156/1388.2024.1917262
427:10.3897/zookeys.1127.83240
1695:
1502:
1332:
1260:
1222:
1180:
1163:
1137:
1133:
1119:
1056:
995:(closed wing damselflies)
987:
921:
900:
896:
882:
844:
485:10.1007/s13127-012-0097-z
187:
182:
70:Scientific classification
68:
58:
49:
39:
30:
23:
372:from the mid Cretaceous
349:reticulate hybridisation
1058:Lestoidea (superfamily)
347:arose from the ancient
1288:(cruisers or skimmers)
1280:(skimmers or perchers)
1205:(clubtail dragonflies)
1102:(sylphs or malachites)
683:10.1093/sysbio/syab063
1731:Paleobiology Database
1670:Paleobiology Database
1487:Paleobiology Database
728:Systematic Entomology
620:10.3897/asp.70.e31750
581:Systematic Entomology
368:. The extinct family
283:known from Japan and
280:Epiophlebia superstes
199:Epiophlebia superstes
42:Epiophlebia superstes
1192:(hawkers or darners)
292:Epiophlebia sinensis
286:Epiophlebia laidlawi
206:Epiophlebia sinensis
192:Epiophlebia laidlawi
61:Epiophlebia laidlawi
16:Genus of dragonflies
1249:Neopetalia punctata
962:(azure damselflies)
912:(ancient greenling)
779:2013HBio...25..233B
597:Carle, F L (2012).
524:2015NatSR...512835B
313:Last Glacial Period
1079:Megapodagrionidae
1045:Pseudostigmatidae
767:Historical Biology
671:Systematic Biology
512:Scientific Reports
1746:
1745:
1657:Open Tree of Life
1474:Open Tree of Life
1326:Taxon identifiers
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1273:
1252:
1240:
1237:Cordulegastridae
1224:Cordulegastroidea
1214:
1206:
1193:
1173:
1159:
1158:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1090:
1082:
1069:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1024:
1016:
1008:
997:
979:
971:
963:
955:
947:
939:
913:
532:10.1038/srep12835
360:, representing a
335:. The lineage of
214:
213:
178:
162:
1771:
1739:
1738:
1726:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1688:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1665:
1664:
1652:
1651:
1639:
1638:
1626:
1625:
1613:
1612:
1600:
1599:
1587:
1586:
1574:
1573:
1561:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1495:
1494:
1482:
1481:
1469:
1468:
1456:
1455:
1443:
1442:
1430:
1429:
1417:
1416:
1404:
1403:
1391:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1321:
1320:
1295:
1287:
1279:
1271:
1246:
1238:
1212:
1204:
1198:Austropetaliidae
1191:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1151:Epiophlebioptera
1143:Epiophlebioptera
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1121:
1120:
1101:
1088:
1080:
1067:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1022:
1021:Platycnemididae
1014:
1006:
998:
996:
993:
977:
969:
961:
953:
945:
937:
911:
898:
897:
884:
883:
829:
822:
815:
806:
805:
799:
798:
758:
752:
751:
719:
713:
712:
702:
662:
656:
655:
631:
625:
624:
622:
594:
588:
577:
571:
560:
554:
553:
543:
503:
497:
496:
464:
458:
457:
447:
429:
405:
239:Epiophlebioptera
225:to neither be a
176:
160:
147:Epiophlebioptera
78:
77:
54:
35:
21:
20:
1779:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1734:
1729:
1721:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1697:Epiophlebioidea
1691:
1683:
1681:
1673:
1668:
1660:
1655:
1647:
1642:
1634:
1629:
1621:
1616:
1608:
1603:
1595:
1590:
1582:
1577:
1569:
1564:
1556:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1498:
1490:
1485:
1477:
1472:
1464:
1459:
1451:
1446:
1438:
1433:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1328:
1318:
1301:
1294:Synthemistidae
1256:
1232:Chlorogomphidae
1218:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1155:
1129:
1107:
1052:
1031:(shadowdamsels)
1029:Platystictidae
1005:Coenagrionidae
994:
992:
991:
989:Coenagrionoidea
983:
970:(gossamerwings)
944:Chlorocyphidae
936:Calopterygidae
931:Amphipterygidae
923:Calopterygoidea
917:
910:Hemiphlebiidae
902:Hemiphlebioidea
892:
878:
840:
833:
803:
802:
759:
755:
720:
716:
663:
659:
632:
628:
595:
591:
578:
574:
561:
557:
504:
500:
465:
461:
406:
391:
386:
370:Burmaphlebiidae
325:
309:glacial periods
270:
247:
175:
159:
72:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1777:
1767:
1766:
1764:Odonata genera
1761:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1727:
1717:
1701:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1679:
1666:
1653:
1640:
1627:
1614:
1601:
1588:
1575:
1562:
1552:
1548:Epiophlebiidae
1539:
1534:Epiophlebiidae
1524:
1508:
1506:
1504:Epiophlebiidae
1500:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1483:
1470:
1457:
1444:
1431:
1418:
1405:
1392:
1379:
1369:
1354:
1338:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1291:
1283:
1275:
1266:
1264:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1245:Neopetaliidae
1242:
1234:
1228:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1195:
1186:
1184:
1175:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1131:
1130:
1117:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1095:Pseudolestidae
1092:
1084:
1076:
1071:
1062:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1051:
1050:
1042:
1037:Protoneuridae
1034:
1026:
1018:
1015:(narrow-wings)
1010:
1001:
999:
985:
984:
982:
981:
973:
965:
957:
952:Dicteriadidae
949:
941:
933:
927:
925:
919:
918:
916:
915:
906:
904:
894:
893:
880:
879:
877:
876:
870:
864:
858:
852:
845:
842:
841:
832:
831:
824:
817:
809:
801:
800:
773:(2): 233â237.
753:
734:(2): 181â240.
714:
677:(3): 526â546.
657:
626:
589:
572:
555:
498:
459:
388:
387:
385:
382:
324:
321:
269:
266:
249:The bodies of
246:
243:
235:Epiophlebiidae
212:
211:
210:
209:
202:
195:
185:
184:
180:
179:
168:
164:
163:
161:Tillyard, 1917
157:Epiophlebiidae
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
56:
55:
47:
46:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1776:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1754:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1686:
1680:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1514:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1284:
1282:
1278:Libellulidae
1276:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1263:
1262:Libelluloidea
1259:
1253:
1250:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1171:(dragonflies)
1166:
1162:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1122:
1118:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1087:Perilestidae
1085:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1068:(spreadwings)
1064:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1019:
1017:
1013:Isostictidae
1011:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
990:
986:
980:
978:(bannerwings)
976:Polythoridae
974:
972:
966:
964:
960:Diphlebiidae
958:
956:
950:
948:
942:
940:
934:
932:
929:
928:
926:
924:
920:
914:
908:
907:
905:
903:
899:
895:
891:
885:
881:
875:
871:
869:
865:
863:
859:
857:
853:
851:
847:
846:
843:
838:
830:
825:
823:
818:
816:
811:
810:
807:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
757:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
718:
710:
706:
701:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
661:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
630:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
602:
593:
586:
582:
576:
570:(3), 295â309.
569:
565:
564:Odonatologica
559:
551:
547:
542:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
502:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
463:
455:
451:
446:
441:
437:
433:
428:
423:
419:
415:
411:
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
394:
389:
381:
379:
375:
374:Burmese amber
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
293:
288:
287:
282:
281:
275:
265:
262:
258:
255:
252:
242:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
208:
207:
203:
201:
200:
196:
194:
193:
189:
188:
186:
181:
177:Calvert, 1903
174:
173:
169:
166:
165:
158:
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138:
135:
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128:
125:
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76:
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63:
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57:
53:
48:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1696:
1503:
1333:
1296:(tigertails)
1286:Macromiidae
1270:Corduliidae
1248:
1239:(spiketails)
1211:Petaluridae
1150:
1142:
1100:Synlestidae
1089:(shortwings)
1074:Lestoideidae
874:Odonatoptera
872:Superorder:
770:
766:
756:
731:
727:
717:
674:
670:
660:
643:
639:
629:
613:(2): 75â83.
610:
606:
600:
592:
584:
580:
575:
567:
563:
558:
515:
511:
501:
479:(1): 55â66.
476:
472:
462:
417:
413:
377:
365:
362:paraphyletic
358:monophyletic
344:
336:
328:
326:
316:
311:such as the
305:E. laidlawi.
304:
300:
296:
290:
284:
278:
273:
271:
268:Distribution
260:
259:
254:
250:
248:
238:
234:
217:
216:
215:
204:
197:
190:
171:
170:
156:
146:
143:Infraorder:
59:
40:
24:
18:
1618:iNaturalist
1528:Wikispecies
1435:iNaturalist
1364:Epiophlebia
1358:Wikispecies
1334:Epiophlebia
1081:(flatwings)
968:Euphaeidae
601:Epiophlebia
587:(2):408-412
378:Epiophlebia
366:Epiophlebia
345:Epiophlebia
337:Epiophlebia
329:Epiophlebia
317:Epiophlebia
297:Epiophlebia
274:Epiophlebia
272:Species of
261:Epiophelbia
251:Epiophlebia
245:Description
218:Epiophlebia
172:Epiophlebia
25:Epiophlebia
1753:Categories
1203:Gomphidae
1190:Aeshnidae
1182:Aeshnoidea
1165:Anisoptera
954:(barelegs)
866:Subclass:
856:Arthropoda
384:References
133:Suborder:
107:Arthropoda
1759:Epiprocta
1712:Q21076696
1519:Q13080833
1127:Epiprocta
1125:Suborder
1066:Lestidae
890:Zygoptera
888:Suborder
868:Pterygota
848:Kingdom:
795:0891-2963
748:0307-6970
691:1063-5157
646:: 60â76.
518:: 12835.
493:1439-6092
436:1313-2970
420:: 79â90.
333:Epiprocta
323:Evolution
231:damselfly
227:dragonfly
137:Epiprocta
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1720:BioLib:
1706:Wikidata
1555:BioLib:
1513:Wikidata
1372:BioLib:
1349:Q1758531
1343:Wikidata
946:(jewels)
854:Phylum:
850:Animalia
839:families
709:34324671
550:26246088
454:36760358
354:Jurassic
341:Triassic
301:E. diana
183:Species
153:Family:
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
1685:6984694
1453:1063223
1427:1421304
862:Insecta
860:Class:
837:Odonata
835:Extant
775:Bibcode
700:9017697
599:"A new
541:4526886
520:Bibcode
445:9836702
414:ZooKeys
223:Odonata
167:Genus:
127:Odonata
123:Order:
117:Insecta
113:Class:
1736:180021
1682:uBio:
1675:180022
1662:461356
1649:126192
1636:109845
1571:523946
1492:180023
1479:915723
1466:126246
1388:523947
1375:224644
793:
746:
707:
697:
689:
548:
538:
491:
452:
442:
434:
229:nor a
64:naiad
45:adult
1723:31751
1631:IRMNG
1623:85762
1584:9WKRP
1558:31752
1448:IRMNG
1440:88201
1414:45468
1401:9WM5N
1644:NCBI
1610:4485
1605:GBIF
1597:5247
1566:BOLD
1461:NCBI
1422:GBIF
1383:BOLD
791:ISSN
744:ISSN
705:PMID
687:ISSN
546:PMID
489:ISSN
450:PMID
432:ISSN
418:1127
1592:EoL
1579:CoL
1543:ADW
1409:EoL
1396:CoL
783:doi
736:doi
695:PMC
679:doi
648:doi
615:doi
536:PMC
528:doi
481:doi
440:PMC
422:doi
1755::
1733::
1708::
1672::
1659::
1646::
1633::
1620::
1607::
1594::
1581::
1568::
1545::
1530::
1515::
1489::
1476::
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1437::
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1411::
1398::
1385::
1360::
1345::
789:.
781:.
771:25
769:.
765:.
742:.
732:28
730:.
726:.
703:.
693:.
685:.
675:71
673:.
669:.
644:27
642:.
638:.
611:70
609:.
605:.
585:37
583:,
568:22
566:,
544:.
534:.
526:.
514:.
510:.
487:.
477:13
475:.
471:.
448:.
438:.
430:.
416:.
412:.
392:^
380:.
241:.
1251:)
1247:(
828:e
821:t
814:v
797:.
785::
777::
750:.
738::
711:.
681::
654:.
650::
623:.
617::
552:.
530::
522::
516:5
495:.
483::
456:.
424::
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