470:
1930:
1307:
434:
697:
651:, another who was Pirrie's nephew, an additional smoke stack was extended to the blueprints, a feature designated to enhance the vessels' appearance, therefore rendering the original proposition a four-stacker liner. The contract was agreed upon on in a drafted agreement between White Star and Harland & Wolff a year afterwards in July of 1908, facilitated as well as signatured by both Pirrie and Ismay in approval. The three vessels were designed by Andrews and Carlisle, the latter being initially the primary architect for the liners until his retirement in 1910, leaving construction under the sole supervision of Andrews, with
1284:
481:
930:, was dominated by three large public rooms – the First Class Reception Room, the First Class Dining Saloon and the Second Class Dining Saloon. An open space was provided for Third Class passengers underneath in the bow. Second Class and Third Class passengers had cabins on this deck, with berths for firemen located in the bow. It was originally the highest deck reached by the ships' watertight bulkheads (though only by eight of the fifteen bulkheads). This was later changed in the Olympic in a 1913 refit following the loss of Titanic. Britannic was designed with bulkheads extending to the main deck.
1325:
720:
735:
1251:
1269:
908:
787:
1236:
830:
1075:
2698:
1576:
26:
1861:
1747:
820:. The topmost deck of the ship, where the deck housing, lifeboats, and funnels were installed. The bridge and wheelhouse were at the forward end, in front of the captain's and officers' quarters. The bridge was flanked by two observations platforms on the Starboard and Port sides so that the ship could be manoeuvred more delicately while docking. The wheelhouse stood within the Bridge. The entrance to the
1636:
754:
1098:, each equipped with electric pumping to remove floodwater. The compartments would be sealed by automatic doors from the bridge in a theoretical collision, thus isolating the water from other holds; Should the bridge switch fail, stokers and engineers were enabled to seal off the doors manually via a lever underneath. Therefore, these designations ensured
869:, was almost entirely devoted to First-Class staterooms. The finest suites could be found on this deck, particularly the two "Deluxe" Parlour Suites with their own private 50 ft (15 m) long promenades. All three ships had À la Carte Restaurants positioned aft on B-Deck, as well as the Second-Class Smoking Rooms and Entrances.
758:
756:
761:
760:
755:
762:
1345:
passengers enjoyed luxurious cabins, many of which were equipped with private bathrooms, a novelty at the time. The two most luxurious suites included a private promenade deck, sitting room, two walk-in wardrobes, two bedrooms, a private bath, and lavatory. Each class had its own large dining saloon,
1053:
All three vessels had four funnels, with the fourth being a dummy which was used for ventilation and aesthetic purposes. Smoke from the galleys and
Smoking Room fireplaces and fumes from the engine rooms was exhausted through a chimney up the forward portion of this funnel. While it was a decoration
992:
Propulsion was achieved through three propellers: two outboard or wing propellers had three blades, while the central propeller had four on the
Olympic and Britannic. The Titanic was fitted with a three bladed central propeller to test efficiency against the four bladed central propeller of its older
1828:
at 11:40 pm ships time. The strike and the resulting shock sheared the rivets, which opened several tears in the hull below the waterline. This caused the first five compartments to be flooded with water with flooding in a sixth compartment controlled by the pumps; the ship was only designed to stay
1184:
during construction to avoid cluttering the deck and provide more space for passengers. Shipbuilders of the era envisaged the ocean liner itself as the ultimate lifeboat and therefore imagined that a lifeboat's purpose was that of a ferry between a foundering liner and a rescue ship. Despite the low
1213:
at the stern. Each contained six lifeboats and were individually powered by electric motors with their own night time illumination. In the event that the ship should develop a list and make the lowering of lifeboats impossible along one side, the davits could be manoeuvred to pick up lifeboats from
670:
began, three entire slipways were razed to the ground in order to give way for the cradles whereupon both sisters would be laid. As a result of such density, large surroundings were in demand; 6,000t. gantries towering over 200 ft. accompanied with mobile cranes overhead were built to accommodate
2090:
occurred on 1 September 1985, at 25 kilometres from the position given of the sinking. The wreck lies about 4,000 metres deep, broken in two. The bow is relatively well preserved, but the stern partially imploded, and to a large extent disintegrated during the descent and impact on the seabed.
824:
and
Gymnasium were located midships along with the raised roof of the First Class Lounge, while at the rear of the deck were the roof of the First Class smoke room, a deck house for the ship's engineers, and a relatively modest Second Class entrance. The wood-covered deck was divided into four
987:
were at the lowest level of the ship, below the waterline. The orlop decks were used as cargo space, while the Tank Top – the inner bottom of the ship's hull – provided the platform on which the ship's boilers, engines, turbines and electrical generators were housed. This part of the ship was
627:
with Pirrie; Despite White Star's reputation for elegance and luxury, Cunard's notability for punctuality and speed posed a threat to both of their respective firms to a great extent. Pirrie formulated the concept of a large three-stack liner constructed in order to compensate for the recent
1161:
surviving the scenario leading to their middle sister to founder. The three ships were fitted with brass three-chime triple-chambered steam whistles amongst all four stacks. Only the whistles on the first and second of these functioned however, given that those on the third and fourth were
972:, protruding above the waterline. The squash court was located here along with the travelling post office where mail clerks sorted letters and parcels so that they would be ready for delivery when the ship docked. Food was also stored here. The deck was interrupted at several points by
895:, was the uppermost deck to run uninterrupted from the ships' bow to stern. It included the two well decks, both of which served as the Third Class promenade spaces. Each well deck also contained large cranes for loading cargo into the interior holds. Crew cabins were located under the
1089:
The triad implemented modern developments in safety measures within their designs, intended to mitigate the risk of flooding and all but eliminate the likelihood of foundering. Each ship featured an inner skin, a second layer of 1.25 in (31.8 mm) thick steel above the
763:
759:
2102:. It has a large tear in the front caused by the bow hitting the ocean floor before the rest of the ship sank, as the ship's length is greater than the depth of the water. After the discovery, she has been seen regularly as part of many other expeditions. In contrast to
1094:, which established a watertight box along the bottom of the hull known as a "double bottom." 15 transverse steel bulkheads advancing 45 ft (13.7 m) towards E Deck (D Deck in the event of the two forward most bulkheads) divided the hulls of each ship into 16
1144:
were breached, above the keel albeit below the waterline, bypassing the double-bottom entirely. The low height of the bulkheads also failed the ship, granting leeway for unpreventable flooding after water within the breached compartments reached E Deck. The refit on
825:
segregated promenades: for officers, First Class passengers, engineers, and Second Class passengers respectively. Lifeboats lined the side of the deck on both sides except in the First Class area, where there was a gap so that the view would not be blocked.
2140:–the only surviving ship of her class– was previously set to be converted into a floating hotel, but the project was cancelled. However, its decorative elements were auctioned. The first class lounge and part of the aft grand staircase can be found in the
847:, ran the entire 546 feet (166 m) length of the superstructure. It was for First Class passengers only and contained First Class cabins all the way forward, the First Class lounge, Smoke Room, Reading and Writing Room and Palm Court. The promenade on
954:, was the last complete deck and predominantly accommodated Third Class passengers. There were also some Second and Third Class cabins and crew accommodation. The Third Class dining saloon was located here, as were the swimming pool and the
988:
dominated by the engine and boiler rooms, areas which were generally never seen by passengers. They were connected with higher levels of the ship by flights of stairs; twin spiral stairways near the bow gave access up to D Deck.
1921:
was requisitioned as a hospital ship from her storage location at
Belfast. Repainted white and from bow to stern with large red crosses and a horizontal green stripe, she was renamed HMHS (His Majesty's Hospital Ship)
2114:
is in remarkably good condition, and is much more accessible than her infamous sister. Many external structural features are still intact, including the propellers, and a great deal of the superstructure and hull.
342:(1914). All three were designated to be the largest as well as most luxurious liners of the era, devised to provide White Star an advantage as regards to size and luxury in the transatlantic passenger trade.
757:
903:. The superstructure of C Deck between the bow and stern contained mostly First Class accommodation, but the Second Class Library was also placed further aft, directly below the Second Class Smoking Room.
940:, was predominantly a passenger accommodation for all three classes as well as berths for cooks, seamen, stewards and trimmers. There was also Third-Class cabins with a long passageway nicknamed
1413:
Finally, the third-class passengers enjoyed reasonable accommodation compared to other ships. Instead of large dormitories offered by most ships of the time, the third-class passengers of the
1718:
was outdated compared to newer ships. Following the merger of the White Star Line and Cunard Line in 1934, in April 1935 due to the excess tonnage within the new combined fleet of ships
2213:
The hypothesis of the sinking caused by a mine was the one that had been accepted by the inquiry following the sinking. However, it is possible that the sinking was caused by a torpedo
1118:, which separated the coal bunkers along either side of the hull from the engine rooms and boiler rooms in the centre. Such an arrangement was believed to increase the risk of a ship
632:, with an emphasis upon prestige as well as her design. Moreover, this would advance to a new class of the three largest and luxurious liners being constructed as opposed to Cunard's
1149:
raised the middle five bulkheads to B Deck, the others to D Deck and also oversaw an extension of the double-bottom along the hull up to G Deck. These improvements were designed in
3224:
1783:. After a stopover at Cherbourg, France and another in Queenstown, Ireland, she sailed into the Atlantic with 2,200 passengers and crew on board, under the command of Captain
2184:, several attempts to recreate the ship, partly or totally, were made throughout the years, from floating replicas, inland recreations, to an actual reimagining of the ship.
734:
1696:
would enjoy great popularity on the transatlantic route, earning the nickname "The Ship
Magnificent". She often carried famous celebrities of the day, included the actor
1362:-class liners were the first British ships to contain separate restaurants independent of the dining saloons. These were in imitation of the precedent set on the German
2003:
was the largest ship lost during World War I, but her sinking did not receive the same attention as the sinking of her sister ship, or the sinking of the Cunard liner
528:, the two largest German companies, were indeed involved in the race for speed and size in the late 19th century. The first in service for the Norddeutscher Lloyd was
1283:
997:, while the central shaft was driven by a steam turbine. All power on board was derived from a total of 29 coal-fired steam boilers in six compartments. However,
600:, a quartet of ships built for size and luxury, were no match for the Cunard's new liners in terms of speed. In July 1907, during a discussion at the latter's
1132:
led to
Harland & Wolff as well as White Star determining upon refitting the liners following a revision, thereby requiring major safety enhancements for
3529:
1341:
The three vessels had a total of 8 levels of passenger accommodation, with slight variations between the ships. However, no class was neglected. The
1227:
3617:
1632:
was returned to dry dock in
October 1912, where she underwent a number of alterations to improve her safety before resuming commercial service.
1004:
s boilers were converted to firing by oil at the end of the First World War, which reduced the number of engine crew required from 350 to 60.
2133:
Museums and exhibitions pay tribute to the ships, and the two tragedies have inspired many movies, novels and even musicals and video games.
696:
1306:
1597:
was launched on 20 October 1910 and commissioned on 14 June 1911. She made her maiden voyage on 14 June 1911, under the command of
Captain
4339:
2313:
643:
These were the preliminary foundations for the famous trio of liners built between 1908 until 1914. After initial groundwork drawn up by
349:, the primary vessel, was in service for 24 years before being retired for scrap in 1935, her sisters would not witness similar success:
1833:
sank 2 hours and 40 minutes after the collision. There were not enough lifeboats for all the passengers and the nearest responding ship
1324:
2716:
Matsen, Brad. "Titanic's Last
Secrets: The Further Adventures of Shadow Divers John Chatterton & Richie Kohler" Hachette: 2008; 99.
388:
Although two of the vessels did not achieve successful enough legacies, they are amongst the most famous ocean liners ever built; Both
4520:
885:
would adopt the same additions during its 1913 refit. On the exterior of each ship, B-Deck is defined by rectangular sliding windows.
719:
2757:
3522:
3232:
1250:
2261:
1955:
2926:
2128:
3261:
3008:
873:
was built with an encircling First-Class promenade which soon proved to be redundant given the ample promenade space on A-Deck.
2826:
2335:
3423:
3404:
3385:
3366:
3344:
3194:
2776:
2401:
1223:
3088:
1796:
250:
for the two outboard wing propellers. One low-pressure turbine for center propeller. Together 50,000 HP nominal, 59,000 max.
3311:
3114:
3040:
1841:
1654:
During the First World War, the ship served as a troop transport. On 12 May 1918, she rammed and sank the German submarine
1268:
1235:
3165:
2874:
1350:
descending in seven levels through the ship,(a second smaller grand staircase which only transcended down three decks.) a
4505:
3610:
3515:
2850:
616:
2905:
1417:
class lived in cabins containing two to ten bunks. The class also had a smoking room, a common area, and a dining room.
3495:
3472:
3449:
2657:
2536:
2061:
3656:
2460:
2728:"Testimony of Edward Wilding, Recalled". British Wreck Commissioner's Inquiry. 7 June 1912. Retrieved 10 May 2009.
2225:
Unlike the bow, the stern of the ship was not filled with water when it sank, and imploded as a result of the air.
264:. One bronze 4-blade centre propeller for Olympic & Britannic. One bronze 3-blade centre propeller for Titanic
1054:
to establish a symmetry in the ships' profile, it acted as a huge ventilation shaft, replacing a large amount of
1772:. The ship left the port of Southampton 10 April 1912 for her maiden voyage, narrowly avoiding a collision with
1558:
For ships in passenger service, "commissioned" is taken to mean the date of departure on maiden passenger voyage
3603:
2124:
1705:
1347:
821:
452:, photographed in 1911. These ships were the largest, most luxurious and fastest ocean liners of the time. The
1027:
became the largest ship in the world when it was completed in May, 1911 before losing the title to its sister
469:
4479:
2141:
1929:
1140:, having had her keel laid down months beforehand. Six forward compartments amongst the sixteen bulkheads of
354:
3282:
1620:
was on her way across the
Atlantic, in the opposite direction. She was able to receive a distress call from
4515:
2283:
2008:
1612:
in the port of Southampton, leading to her repair back at Harland and Wolff and delaying the completion of
652:
529:
1660:. Once she was returned to commercial service in 1920, she crossed the Atlantic as one of a trio of grand
4510:
2737:
Archibald, Rick & Ballard, Robert. "The Lost Ships of Robert Ballard," Thunder Bay Press: 2005; 100.
1019:
at this displacement being 34 ft 7 in or 10.5 m), and their tonnage was around 45–46,000
4459:
2792:
Archibald, Rick & Ballard, Robert."The Lost Ships of Robert Ballard," Thunder Bay Press: 2005; 124.
1983:, and sank. Survivors numbered 1,036, and 30 men lost their lives in the disaster. One survivor, nurse
1784:
1773:
1741:
1598:
803:
597:
414:
813:-class ships held nine decks, seven of which were for passengers. From top to bottom, the decks were:
4451:
4446:
4438:
3664:
1393:
994:
623:
made note of her speed. Ismay expressed concern at the record-breaking transatlantic crossing of the
564:
80:
3283:"Mark Chirnside's Reception Room: Olympic, Titanic & Britannic: Olympic Interview, January 2005"
2284:"Mark Chirnside's Reception Room: Olympic, Titanic & Britannic: Olympic Interview, January 2005"
1039:
claimed the title of largest British-built ship, until her own sinking in November 1916. After this
1403:
The second class also included a smoking room, a library, a spacious dining room, and an elevator.
1171:
604:
570:
1787:
headed for New York City. The crossing took place without major incident until 14 April at 23:40.
1768:
was launched on 31 May 1911, and her commissioning was slightly delayed due to ongoing repairs of
1910:
contracts were given top priority to use available raw materials. All civil contracts, including
1095:
955:
3306:
1176:
Each ship could accommodate a maximum of 64 lifeboats. However, only 20 boats were installed on
2080:
2073:
2060:, however, drew everyone's attention in 1912. After several attempts, the wreck was located by
1511:
1126:
1020:
358:
161:
157:
70:
2305:
2152:, England. The wood panels of the ship's À la Carte' restaurant are now restored on board the
1840:, being too far away, 1,514 of the 2,224 people on board died, making it one of the deadliest
4500:
3691:
1367:
1351:
584:
539:
490:
447:
400:
was the largest British-built ship in the world for over 20 years until the commissioning of
433:
4267:
3683:
2153:
2087:
1363:
558:
552:
525:
247:
243:
2056:
is known and the location is shallow, the wreck was discovered relatively easily in 1975.
8:
4411:
4403:
4347:
4243:
4219:
4171:
4163:
4115:
4051:
3891:
3803:
3228:
2752:
2107:
1679:
1669:
1012:
521:
4323:
4132:
4011:
3811:
3763:
3755:
3723:
2257:
2175:
1683:
1466:
1342:
907:
799:
786:
644:
620:
317:
2921:
2214:
829:
260:
4419:
4371:
4195:
4187:
4139:
4076:
4035:
3971:
3963:
3907:
3859:
3779:
3747:
3715:
3707:
3639:
3491:
3468:
3464:
3445:
3419:
3400:
3381:
3362:
3340:
3336:
3256:
2532:
1907:
1883:
1644:
1074:
881:
built as an annex to an enlarged Restaurant. This arrangement proved so popular that
480:
52:
2339:
2052:) and the ongoing First World War. Because the exact position of the sinking of the
577:
ordered two vessels whose speed earned them the nickname "greyhounds of the seas"':
4315:
4299:
4155:
4091:
3939:
3851:
3819:
3795:
3787:
3771:
3739:
3731:
3047:, L'histoire du RMS Olympic, RMS Titanic et HMHS Britannic. Retrieved 8 August 2009
2821:
2099:
1606:
422:
2773:
2405:
4363:
4100:
4059:
4019:
3867:
3843:
3835:
3626:
3581:
3315:
3265:
3198:
3189:
3118:
3092:
3044:
2930:
2909:
2878:
2854:
2830:
2804:
2780:
2761:
2661:
2464:
2167:
1697:
1661:
1575:
1421:
was planned to provide the third-class passengers with more comfort than its two
453:
321:
66:
3157:
3104:
3083:
3035:
2890:
Archibald, Rick; Ballard, Robert (2005). "The Lost Ships of Robert Ballard." 35.
640:
duo, with an additional liner laid upon to forward themselves ahead of Cunard.
4380:
4259:
3566:
2149:
2069:
1864:
1855:
1519:
1044:
843:
690:, the two remaining vessels underwent many changes in their safety provisions.
648:
612:
513:
401:
337:
310:
180:
3461:
Olympic, Titanic, Britannic: An Illustrated History of the Olympic Class Ships
2869:
2072:
following a top secret mission for the US Navy to investigate the wreckage of
4494:
3507:
2899:
2845:
2106:, which lies at the very bottom of the North Atlantic and is being fed on by
1984:
1970:
1957:
1834:
1811:
1798:
1602:
1162:
decorations fitted for aesthetic reasons holding neither valves nor bellows.
968:, was the lowest complete deck to accommodate passengers, and had the lowest
941:
578:
441:
366:
1624:
but she was too far away to reach her before she sank. After the sinking of
1377:
4331:
4308:
3883:
3487:
3359:
Titanic: the real story of the construction of the world's most famous ship
2086:, two nuclear submarines that sank in the North Atlantic in the 1960s. The
1543:
1355:
1016:
769:
744:
378:
2652:
1193:
exceeded Board of Trade regulations of the time. Following the sinking of
1153:, along with two additional bulkheads. These reforms translated into both
456:
decided to overtake them by ordering the construction of the ships of the
4395:
4387:
4356:
4275:
4203:
4179:
4148:
4083:
3899:
3699:
3552:
3484:
Olympic Titanic Britannic: The Anatomy and Evolution of the Olympic Class
2450:
1899:
1895:
1825:
1737:
1701:
1648:
1579:
1570:
1459:
1422:
1354:
smoking room, a Veranda Cafe decorated with palm trees, a swimming pool,
666:
in March 1909. The two ships were built side by side. Before building of
574:
535:
437:
370:
325:
313:
277:
273:
146:
3595:
4251:
4235:
4211:
4123:
4067:
4043:
3923:
3354:
2171:
1949:
1711:, leading to the death of seven of the lightship's eleven crewmembers.
1664:
liners. The other two were seized as war reparations from Germany –the
1539:
1358:, gymnasium, and several other places for meals and entertainment. The
1110:-class liners also eliminated longitudinal bulkheads, such as those on
1055:
896:
859:, the forward half was enclosed by a steel screen with sliding windows.
382:
374:
25:
4291:
4107:
4027:
4003:
3979:
3955:
3915:
3827:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2498:
2496:
2012:
1210:
1122:
by trapping water lengthwise along the ship and increasing her list.
1119:
900:
601:
593:
held the Blue Riband for more than twenty years, from 1909 to 1929.
4283:
3995:
3987:
3947:
3931:
1903:
1655:
969:
2545:
2493:
4227:
3559:
2145:
2065:
1887:
1860:
1750:
1601:. On 20 September of the same year, while under the command of a
1493:
1470:
710:
517:
396:
enjoyed the distinction of being the largest ships in the world.
332:
56:
2306:"Titanic's Prime Mover – An Examination of Propulsion and Power"
1746:
3876:
1723:
877:
added enlarged additional staterooms to occupy the space and a
1987:
was notable as having also previously survived the sinking of
1635:
1665:
1206:
973:
512:
class had its origins in the intense competition between the
3378:
RMS Titanic 1909–12 (Olympic Class): Owners' Workshop Manual
3138:
1882:
was ordered in 1911 and launched on 26 February 1914 at the
1392:
restaurant aft on B-Deck managed by the London restaurateur
993:
sister, Olympic. The two lateral propellers were powered by
226:
64 ft 9 in (20 m) from keel to side of C-deck
3128:
3126:
3009:"Calendar card cartoon. RMS Olympic 'The Ship Magnificent'"
2688:
2686:
2180:
Due to the history and the story behind the sinking of the
1091:
2976:
1894:
could commence transatlantic service between New York and
976:(partial) decks over the boiler, engine and turbine rooms.
944:
by the crew, in reference to a famous street in Liverpool.
802:, photographed in 1910. It is currently on display in the
3161:
1824:
while sailing about 400 miles (640 km) south of the
1031:
when she was completed in April, 1912. After the loss of
3123:
3062:
2683:
2671:
1779:, a ship moored in the port pulled by the propellers of
1136:
during late 1912 along with major design reforms within
747:
at Harland and Wolff, ready for launching, February 1914
3439:
3225:"Titanic Was Found During Secret Cold War Navy Mission"
2952:
2940:
2622:
2481:
2469:
2432:
2378:
2366:
2354:
2219:
1372:(1905), which had included a restaurant serving French
1043:
held the title for 20 years until the commissioning of
3050:
2964:
2612:
2610:
2597:
2595:
2194:
1106:
remaining afloat with four compartments breached. The
1011:-class ships were 269.13 metres (883.0 ft) long,
4483:
Years indicate year of entry into White Star service.
3376:
Hutchings, David F.; de Kerbrech, Richard P. (2011).
2634:
899:
and Third Class public rooms were situated under the
3375:
2562:
2502:
2420:
1829:
afloat with a maximum of four compartments flooded.
2607:
2592:
2580:
2568:
2508:
1940:, still fitting out, at Harland & Wolff, c.1915
1704:. In 1934 she inadvertently collided with and sank
2040:sinking did not receive the same attention as the
1396:and his staff, all of whom died in the sinking of
851:was unenclosed along its whole length, whereas on
647:, a veteran architect of Harland & Wolff, and
1605:she was involved in a collision with the cruiser
1228:Second- and third-class facilities on the Titanic
1205:, meanwhile, was equipped with eight huge gantry
1015:52,310 long tons (53,150 t) normally (their
210:205 ft (62 m) from keel to top of masts
4492:
2996:Histoire maritime de la Première Guerre mondiale
607:regarding the nearing maiden voyage of Cunard's
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
3537:
3095:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 10 August 2009
2207:
1890:and fitting out began. In August 1914, before
1722:was withdrawn, sold for breaking and towed to
958:, the only section for First-Class passengers.
3611:
3523:
3201:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 3 August 2009
3318:, Celebrity Cruises. Retrieved 4 August 2009
2881:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 30 July 2009
2857:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 30 July 2009
2833:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 30 July 2009
2809:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 30 July 2009
2764:, le Site du Titanic. Retrieved 29 July 2009
2243:
2200:This last provision was a novelty on board
1944:At 08:12 am on 21 November 1916, HMHS
1714:Despite a major refit later in her career,
38:(left) to replace a damaged propeller blade
3618:
3604:
3530:
3516:
3113:, RMS Titanic, Inc. Retrieved 6 July 2007
1410:s second class also featured a gymnasium.
428:
242:24 double-ended and 5 single-ended 15 bar
34:(right) moved out of the drydock to allow
3625:
3458:
3330:
3144:
3132:
3068:
2982:
2958:
2946:
2745:
2743:
2704:
2692:
2677:
2628:
2475:
2438:
2023:
1346:while first class also featured a lavish
1209:, six along the Boat Deck and two on the
675:began in 1911 after the commissioning of
3413:
3056:
2970:
2526:
2520:
2487:
2404:. The Great Ocean Liners. Archived from
2161:
1995:, at the time when it collided with HMS
1928:
1859:
1745:
1634:
1574:
1514:following iceberg strike, 15 April 1912
1073:
906:
833:A cutaway diagram of the midship section
828:
785:
547:Then followed the three sister ships to
432:
3394:
3150:
3110:When and where did the collision occur?
2724:
2722:
2640:
2426:
2395:
2393:
2384:
2372:
2360:
2129:Legends and myths regarding the Titanic
772:on the construction and service of the
538:in 1897 before being beaten by HAPAG's
520:in the construction of the liners. The
4493:
3158:"PBS Online – Lost Liners – Britannic"
2740:
1756:departing Southampton on 10 April 1912
911:List of passenger facilities from RMS
3599:
3511:
3481:
2136:When she was decommissioned in 1935,
1224:First-class facilities of the Titanic
415:books, films, and television programs
324:during the early 20th century, named
276:(39 km/h; 24 mph); 23
190:92 ft 6 in (28.19 m) (
179:882 ft 9 in (269.1 m)
3353:
3168:from the original on 14 October 2008
3013:National Museums of Northern Ireland
2719:
2654:Olympic Returns To Passenger Service
2616:
2601:
2586:
2574:
2514:
2390:
2118:
1991:in 1912, and had also been on board
995:reciprocating steam triple expansion
596:The White Star Line knew that their
573:". In response to this, the British
288:3,327 passengers, officers, and crew
3440:McCluskie, T.; et al. (1998).
2399:
2316:from the original on 6 January 2021
413:s story has been adapted into many
246:, tested to 30 bar. Two 4-cylinder
218:34 ft 7 in (10.54 m)
13:
3433:
3231:. 21 November 2017. Archived from
2044:, due to the death toll (1,517 on
1069:
671:their keels. The construction of
14:
4532:
3397:Les Plus Beaux Paquebots du Monde
2994:Paul Chack, Jean-Jacques Antier,
2264:from the original on 16 July 2017
781:
686:launch. Following the sinking of
615:, chairman of the White Star and
4521:Ships with Scotch marine boilers
2563:Hutchings & de Kerbrech 2011
2503:Hutchings & de Kerbrech 2011
1323:
1305:
1282:
1267:
1249:
1234:
918:First Class passenger list, 1923
790:The original builder's model of
752:
733:
718:
695:
479:
468:
24:
3300:
3275:
3247:
3217:
3204:
3180:
3098:
3074:
3026:
3001:
2998:, France – Empire, 1992, p. 778
2988:
2915:
2893:
2884:
2860:
2836:
2812:
2795:
2786:
2767:
2731:
2710:
2646:
2444:
2258:"Maritimequest: Titanic's Data"
1197:, more lifeboats were added to
728:prior to launching, 31 May 1911
280:(43 km/h; 26 mph) max
2328:
2298:
2276:
2125:Cultural legacy of the Titanic
1914:fitting out were slowed down.
1554:
1:
4480:List of White Star Line ships
3380:. Sparkford, Yeovil: Haynes.
2847:Les Bains Turcs et la Piscine
2232:
956:Victorian-style Turkish baths
662:started in December 1908 and
365:was lost whilst serving as a
198:), 94 ft (28.7 m) (
2452:Origins Of The Olympic Class
2237:
1847:
1842:peacetime maritime disasters
1217:
1214:the other side of the deck.
1165:
569:all of whom were part of a "
7:
1826:Grand Banks of Newfoundland
1376:run by the famous hotelier
1336:s Turkish bath cooling-room
1262:s first class swimming pool
1241:The Grand Staircase aboard
822:First Class Grand Staircase
10:
4537:
4506:Olympic-class ocean liners
3324:
2459:. Retrieved 8 August 2009
2165:
2122:
2098:was discovered in 1975 by
1853:
1742:Sinking of the RMS Titanic
1735:
1729:
1568:
1562:
1428:
1221:
1185:number of lifeboats, both
1169:
804:Merseyside Maritime Museum
4476:
4431:
3676:
3649:
3634:
3577:
3548:
3442:Titanic & Her Sisters
3416:Le Titanic ne répond plus
3414:Piouffre, Gérard (2009).
3395:Le Goff, Olivier (1998).
3272:. Retrieved 3 August 2009
3212:Le Titanic ne répond plus
3191:L'Olympic et le Britannic
3085:Chronologie d'un naufrage
2929:24 September 2015 at the
2912:, retrieved 12 April 2012
2806:Les escaliers de 1 Classe
2668:. Retrieved 8 August 2009
2018:
1706:Nantucket Lightship
1465:
1318:s starboard Verandah Café
1300:restaurant, taken in 1911
549:Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse
531:Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse
421:was the inspiration of a
385:before entering service.
361:on her maiden voyage and
137:
43:
23:
3331:Chirnside, Mark (2004).
3264:10 February 2009 at the
3214:, Larousse, 2009, p. 296
2937:. Retrieved 30 July 2009
2823:La Vie à bord du Titanic
2783:. Retrieved 12 June 2011
2760:12 February 2009 at the
2216:(Accessed 21 March 2009)
2187:
1902:began. Immediately, all
1616:. When her sister sank,
1172:Lifeboats of the Titanic
1058:on deck, as on Cunard's
258:Two bronze 3-blade wing
3418:(in French). Larousse.
3333:The Olympic-Class Ships
3287:www.markchirnside.co.uk
3270:Hospital Ship Britannic
3043:24 January 2010 at the
2935:Hospital Ship Britannic
2754:Les canots de sauvetage
2660:21 October 2010 at the
2463:17 January 2010 at the
1702:Edward, Prince of Wales
1274:The gymnasium on board
1096:watertight compartments
429:Origin and construction
138:General characteristics
30:Belfast, 6 March 1912:
3459:Chirnside, M. (2014).
3314:6 January 2021 at the
3197:6 January 2021 at the
3091:6 January 2021 at the
2902:"The forgotten Sister"
2877:6 January 2021 at the
2853:6 January 2021 at the
2829:6 January 2021 at the
2779:6 January 2021 at the
2531:. PRC Publishing Ltd.
2527:Marriott, Leo (1997).
2088:discovery of the wreck
2024:Wrecks and expeditions
1941:
1871:
1793:struck an iceberg at
1760:Second in line of the
1757:
1651:
1586:
1086:
919:
834:
806:
709:under construction in
566:Kronprinzessin Cecilie
498:s side plan (up) with
461:
71:Cunard-White Star Line
3444:. Thunder Bay Press.
3117:21 April 2009 at the
2286:. Markchirnside.co.uk
2162:Tributes and replicas
1971:37.70139°N 24.28389°E
1932:
1917:On 13 November 1915,
1863:
1749:
1638:
1585:during her sea trials
1578:
1077:
910:
832:
789:
436:
423:film of the same name
248:reciprocating engines
244:Scotch marine boilers
3399:(in French). Solar.
2908:19 June 2016 at the
2155:Celebrity Millennium
2108:iron-eating bacteria
865:, also known as the
526:Hamburg America Line
16:Trio of ocean liners
4516:Ocean liner classes
3542:-class ocean liners
3361:. Channel 4 Books.
3335:. Stroud, England:
3229:National Geographic
3147:, pp. 254–255.
2666:RMS Olympic Archive
2457:RMS Olympic Archive
1967: /
1808: /
1692:. During the 1920s
1546:, 21 November 1916
1487:Scrapped 1935–1937
1467:Harland & Wolff
800:Harland & Wolff
776:-class ocean liners
621:Harland & Wolff
522:Norddeutscher Lloyd
489:Diagrams comparing
318:Harland & Wolff
307:-class ocean liners
4511:Four funnel liners
3482:Mills, S. (2022).
2342:on 2 November 2013
2176:Romandisea Titanic
2036:sank in 1916, the
1976:37.70139; 24.28389
1942:
1872:
1870:as a hospital ship
1758:
1674:which was renamed
1652:
1587:
1499:17 September 1908
1289:Photograph of the
1087:
920:
841:, also called the
835:
807:
645:Alexander Carlisle
619:, director of the
611:two months ahead,
462:
4488:
4487:
3669:(never completed)
3661:(order cancelled)
3593:
3592:
3465:The History Press
3425:978-2-263-02799-4
3406:978-2-03-584196-4
3387:978-1-84425-662-4
3368:978-1-905026-71-5
3346:978-0-7524-2868-0
3235:on 6 January 2021
3210:Gérard Piouffre,
2985:, pp. 76–77.
2923:Third class areas
2400:Othfors, Daniel.
2387:, pp. 32–33.
2375:, pp. 24–25.
2363:, pp. 22–23.
2336:"Boiler - Scotch"
2119:Cultural heritage
2062:Jean-Louis Michel
2032:sank in 1912 and
2009:sunk by a torpedo
1884:Harland and Wolff
1874:The third of the
1812:41.767°N 50.233°W
1645:dazzle camouflage
1559:
1550:
1549:
1535:23 December 1915
1532:26 February 1914
1529:30 November 1911
1478:16 December 1908
1056:ventilation cowls
1035:, the third ship
809:All three of the
764:
653:Roderick Chisholm
617:William J. Pirrie
560:Kaiser Wilhelm II
554:Kronprinz Wilhelm
320:shipyard for the
300:
299:
53:Harland and Wolff
4528:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3597:
3596:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3509:
3508:
3501:
3478:
3455:
3429:
3410:
3391:
3372:
3350:
3319:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3293:
3279:
3273:
3255:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3221:
3215:
3208:
3202:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3154:
3148:
3142:
3136:
3130:
3121:
3102:
3096:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3066:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3034:
3030:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2986:
2980:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2950:
2944:
2938:
2919:
2913:
2900:HMHS Britannic -
2897:
2891:
2888:
2882:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2844:
2840:
2834:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2784:
2774:Parks Stephenson
2771:
2765:
2751:
2747:
2738:
2735:
2729:
2726:
2717:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2650:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2626:
2620:
2614:
2605:
2599:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2572:
2566:
2560:
2543:
2542:
2524:
2518:
2512:
2506:
2500:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2424:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2408:on 13 April 2016
2397:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2338:. Archived from
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2254:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2198:
2142:White Swan Hotel
2100:Jacques Cousteau
1982:
1981:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1557:
1552:
1481:20 October 1910
1433:
1432:
1409:
1335:
1327:
1317:
1309:
1295:
1286:
1271:
1261:
1253:
1238:
1003:
917:
766:
765:
737:
722:
699:
685:
658:Construction of
534:, which won the
502:side plan (down)
497:
483:
472:
440:'s ocean liners
412:
373:after hitting a
296:892 crew members
263:
28:
21:
20:
4536:
4535:
4531:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4482:
4472:
4427:
3672:
3645:
3635:Surviving ships
3630:
3627:White Star Line
3624:
3594:
3589:
3573:
3544:
3536:
3505:
3498:
3475:
3452:
3436:
3434:Further reading
3426:
3407:
3388:
3369:
3347:
3327:
3322:
3316:Wayback Machine
3305:
3301:
3291:
3289:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3266:Wayback Machine
3253:
3252:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3209:
3205:
3199:Wayback Machine
3186:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3169:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3143:
3139:
3131:
3124:
3119:Wayback Machine
3106:Question No. 25
3103:
3099:
3093:Wayback Machine
3080:
3079:
3075:
3067:
3063:
3055:
3051:
3045:Wayback Machine
3032:
3031:
3027:
3017:
3015:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2993:
2989:
2981:
2977:
2969:
2965:
2957:
2953:
2945:
2941:
2931:Wayback Machine
2920:
2916:
2910:Wayback Machine
2898:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2879:Wayback Machine
2866:
2865:
2861:
2855:Wayback Machine
2842:
2841:
2837:
2831:Wayback Machine
2818:
2817:
2813:
2801:
2800:
2796:
2791:
2787:
2781:Wayback Machine
2772:
2768:
2762:Wayback Machine
2749:
2748:
2741:
2736:
2732:
2727:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2699:
2691:
2684:
2676:
2672:
2662:Wayback Machine
2651:
2647:
2639:
2635:
2627:
2623:
2615:
2608:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2546:
2539:
2525:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2494:
2486:
2482:
2474:
2470:
2465:Wayback Machine
2449:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2425:
2421:
2411:
2409:
2398:
2391:
2383:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2343:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2267:
2265:
2256:
2255:
2244:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2178:
2168:Replica Titanic
2166:Main articles:
2164:
2131:
2121:
2026:
2021:
2007:, when she was
1975:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1858:
1852:
1817:41.767; -50.233
1816:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1785:Edward J. Smith
1744:
1736:Main articles:
1734:
1726:for scrapping.
1698:Charlie Chaplin
1599:Edward J. Smith
1593:-class liners,
1573:
1567:
1538:Sunk following
1431:
1407:
1364:Hamburg-America
1348:Grand Staircase
1337:
1333:
1328:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1301:
1293:
1287:
1278:
1272:
1263:
1259:
1254:
1245:
1239:
1230:
1222:Main articles:
1220:
1174:
1168:
1072:
1070:Safety features
1001:
915:
784:
777:
767:
753:
748:
738:
729:
723:
714:
700:
683:
655:'s assistance.
506:
505:
504:
503:
495:
486:
485:
484:
475:
474:
473:
454:White Star Line
431:
410:
371:First World War
322:White Star Line
309:were a trio of
259:
239:Installed power
67:White Star Line
39:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4534:
4524:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4486:
4485:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4470:
4462:
4457:
4449:
4444:
4435:
4433:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4417:
4409:
4401:
4393:
4385:
4377:
4369:
4361:
4353:
4345:
4337:
4329:
4321:
4313:
4305:
4297:
4289:
4281:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4249:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4217:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4073:
4065:
4057:
4049:
4041:
4033:
4025:
4017:
4009:
4001:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3913:
3905:
3897:
3889:
3881:
3873:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3809:
3801:
3793:
3785:
3777:
3769:
3761:
3753:
3745:
3737:
3729:
3721:
3713:
3709:Royal Standard
3705:
3697:
3689:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3673:
3671:
3670:
3662:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3646:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3631:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3600:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3587:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3535:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3512:
3503:
3502:
3496:
3479:
3473:
3456:
3450:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3424:
3411:
3405:
3392:
3386:
3373:
3367:
3351:
3345:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:
3299:
3274:
3246:
3216:
3203:
3179:
3149:
3145:Chirnside 2004
3137:
3135:, p. 240.
3133:Chirnside 2004
3122:
3097:
3073:
3071:, p. 135.
3069:Chirnside 2004
3061:
3049:
3037:Le RMS Olympic
3025:
3000:
2987:
2983:Chirnside 2004
2975:
2963:
2959:Chirnside 2004
2951:
2947:Chirnside 2004
2939:
2914:
2892:
2883:
2859:
2835:
2811:
2794:
2785:
2766:
2739:
2730:
2718:
2709:
2705:Chirnside 2004
2697:
2695:, p. 308.
2693:Chirnside 2004
2682:
2680:, p. 319.
2678:Chirnside 2004
2670:
2645:
2633:
2629:Chirnside 2004
2621:
2619:, p. 237.
2606:
2604:, p. 236.
2591:
2589:, p. 235.
2579:
2577:, p. 233.
2567:
2544:
2537:
2519:
2517:, p. 229.
2507:
2492:
2490:, p. 307.
2480:
2476:Chirnside 2004
2468:
2443:
2439:Chirnside 2004
2431:
2419:
2389:
2377:
2365:
2353:
2327:
2297:
2275:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2218:
2206:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2163:
2160:
2150:Northumberland
2120:
2117:
2070:Robert Ballard
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
1856:HMHS Britannic
1854:Main article:
1851:
1846:
1733:
1728:
1668:'s unfinished
1569:Main article:
1566:
1561:
1548:
1547:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1508:10 April 1912
1506:
1503:
1502:31 March 1909
1500:
1497:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1352:Georgian-style
1339:
1338:
1329:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1304:
1302:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1273:
1266:
1264:
1255:
1248:
1246:
1240:
1233:
1219:
1216:
1167:
1164:
1071:
1068:
990:
989:
977:
959:
945:
931:
905:
904:
886:
860:
844:Promenade Deck
827:
826:
783:
782:Specifications
780:
779:
778:
768:
751:
749:
739:
732:
730:
724:
717:
715:
701:
694:
649:Thomas Andrews
613:J. Bruce Ismay
514:United Kingdom
488:
487:
478:
477:
476:
467:
466:
465:
464:
463:
430:
427:
298:
297:
294:
290:
289:
286:
282:
281:
270:
266:
265:
256:
252:
251:
240:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
224:
220:
219:
216:
212:
211:
208:
204:
203:
188:
184:
183:
177:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
160:- 48,000
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
78:
74:
73:
64:
60:
59:
50:
46:
45:
44:Class overview
41:
40:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4533:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4481:
4475:
4469:
4467:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:Jubilee class
4445:
4443:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4416:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4183:
4182:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4066:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4055:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3870:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3766:
3762:
3759:
3758:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3675:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3628:
3621:
3616:
3614:
3609:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3586:
3585:
3582:replica
3580:
3579:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3541:
3533:
3528:
3526:
3521:
3519:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3506:
3499:
3497:9781472988652
3493:
3489:
3485:
3480:
3476:
3474:9780750956239
3470:
3466:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3451:9781571451750
3447:
3443:
3438:
3437:
3427:
3421:
3417:
3412:
3408:
3402:
3398:
3393:
3389:
3383:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3364:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3342:
3338:
3334:
3329:
3328:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3303:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3250:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3213:
3207:
3200:
3196:
3193:
3192:
3183:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3146:
3141:
3134:
3129:
3127:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3077:
3070:
3065:
3059:, p. 60.
3058:
3057:Piouffre 2009
3053:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3029:
3014:
3010:
3004:
2997:
2991:
2984:
2979:
2973:, p. 69.
2972:
2971:Piouffre 2009
2967:
2961:, p. 47.
2960:
2955:
2949:, p. 36.
2948:
2943:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2918:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2896:
2887:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2863:
2856:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2839:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2798:
2789:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2770:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2746:
2744:
2734:
2725:
2723:
2713:
2706:
2701:
2694:
2689:
2687:
2679:
2674:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2649:
2643:, p. 37.
2642:
2637:
2631:, p. 30.
2630:
2625:
2618:
2613:
2611:
2603:
2598:
2596:
2588:
2583:
2576:
2571:
2565:, p. 48.
2564:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2540:
2538:1-85648-433-5
2534:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2511:
2505:, p. 47.
2504:
2499:
2497:
2489:
2488:Piouffre 2009
2484:
2478:, p. 14.
2477:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2447:
2441:, p. 11.
2440:
2435:
2429:, p. 70.
2428:
2423:
2407:
2403:
2396:
2394:
2386:
2381:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2357:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2285:
2279:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2222:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:The wreck of
2092:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2078:
2077:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1985:Violet Jessop
1980:
1951:
1947:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1878:-class trio,
1877:
1869:
1868:
1862:
1857:
1850:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1755:
1754:
1748:
1743:
1739:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1700:and the then
1699:
1695:
1691:
1688:which became
1687:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1604:
1603:harbour pilot
1600:
1596:
1592:
1589:First of the
1584:
1583:
1577:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1484:14 June 1911
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1451:Commissioned
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1374:haute cuisine
1371:
1370:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1332:
1326:
1321:
1314:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1280:
1277:
1270:
1265:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1000:
996:
986:
982:
978:
975:
971:
967:
963:
960:
957:
953:
949:
946:
943:
942:Scotland Road
939:
935:
932:
929:
925:
922:
921:
914:
909:
902:
898:
894:
890:
887:
884:
880:
879:Café Parisien
876:
872:
868:
864:
861:
858:
854:
850:
846:
845:
840:
837:
836:
831:
823:
819:
816:
815:
814:
812:
805:
801:
797:
793:
788:
775:
771:
750:
746:
742:
736:
731:
727:
721:
716:
712:
708:
704:
698:
693:
692:
691:
689:
682:
678:
674:
669:
665:
661:
656:
654:
650:
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
628:ascension of
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:
599:
594:
592:
588:
587:
582:
581:
576:
572:
568:
567:
562:
561:
556:
555:
550:
545:
543:
542:
537:
533:
532:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
501:
494:
493:
482:
471:
459:
455:
451:
450:
445:
444:
439:
435:
426:
424:
420:
416:
409:
405:
404:
399:
395:
391:
386:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:hospital ship
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
341:
340:
335:
334:
329:
328:
323:
319:
316:built by the
315:
312:
308:
306:
295:
292:
291:
287:
284:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:
267:
262:
257:
254:
253:
249:
245:
241:
238:
237:
233:
230:
229:
225:
222:
221:
217:
214:
213:
209:
206:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
186:
185:
182:
178:
175:
174:
170:
167:
166:
163:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
136:
132:
129:
128:
124:
121:
120:
116:
113:
112:
108:
105:
104:
100:
97:
96:
92:
89:
88:
85:
83:
79:
76:
75:
72:
68:
65:
62:
61:
58:
54:
51:
48:
47:
42:
37:
33:
27:
22:
19:
4501:Ship classes
4465:
4464:
4452:
4439:
4423: (1931)
4420:
4415: (1929)
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4379:
4372:
4364:
4355:
4348:
4340:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4307:
4300:
4292:
4284:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4244:
4236:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4172:
4164:
4156:
4147:
4140:
4131:
4124:
4116:
4108:
4099:
4092:
4084:
4075:
4068:
4060:
4052:
4044:
4036:
4028:
4020:
4012:
4004:
3996:
3988:
3980:
3972:
3964:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3875:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3828:
3820:
3812:
3804:
3796:
3788:
3780:
3772:
3764:
3756:
3748:
3740:
3732:
3724:
3716:
3708:
3700:
3692:
3684:
3677:Former ships
3665:
3657:
3640:
3583:
3567:
3560:
3553:
3539:
3538:
3504:
3488:Adlard Coles
3483:
3460:
3441:
3415:
3396:
3377:
3358:
3332:
3307:
3302:
3290:. Retrieved
3286:
3277:
3269:
3257:
3254:(in English)
3249:
3239:27 September
3237:. Retrieved
3233:the original
3219:
3211:
3206:
3190:
3182:
3170:. Retrieved
3152:
3140:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3084:
3076:
3064:
3052:
3036:
3028:
3016:. Retrieved
3012:
3003:
2995:
2990:
2978:
2966:
2954:
2942:
2934:
2922:
2917:
2901:
2895:
2886:
2870:
2862:
2846:
2838:
2822:
2814:
2805:
2797:
2788:
2769:
2753:
2733:
2712:
2700:
2673:
2665:
2653:
2648:
2641:Le Goff 1998
2636:
2624:
2582:
2570:
2528:
2522:
2510:
2483:
2471:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2434:
2427:Le Goff 1998
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2406:the original
2385:Le Goff 1998
2380:
2373:Le Goff 1998
2368:
2361:Le Goff 1998
2356:
2344:. Retrieved
2340:the original
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2310:Titanicology
2309:
2300:
2288:. Retrieved
2278:
2266:. Retrieved
2221:
2209:
2201:
2196:
2181:
2179:
2154:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2111:
2103:
2095:
2093:
2082:
2075:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2027:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1945:
1943:
1937:
1936:(left), and
1933:
1923:
1918:
1916:
1911:
1891:
1886:shipyard in
1879:
1875:
1873:
1866:
1848:
1844:in history.
1836:
1830:
1790:
1789:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1752:
1730:
1719:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1675:
1670:
1656:
1653:
1640:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1581:
1563:
1555:
1551:
1520:
1505:31 May 1911
1492:
1460:
1423:sister ships
1418:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1402:
1397:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1359:
1356:Turkish bath
1340:
1330:
1312:
1297:
1290:
1275:
1256:
1242:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1124:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1088:
1082:
1078:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1008:
1006:
998:
991:
984:
980:
965:
961:
951:
947:
937:
933:
927:
923:
912:
893:Shelter Deck
892:
888:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
856:
852:
848:
842:
838:
817:
810:
808:
795:
791:
773:
770:Bill Hammack
745:Arrol Gantry
740:
725:
706:
702:
687:
680:
676:
672:
667:
663:
659:
657:
642:
637:
633:
629:
624:
608:
595:
590:
585:
579:
571:Kaiser class
565:
559:
553:
548:
546:
540:
530:
509:
507:
499:
491:
457:
448:
442:
418:
407:
402:
397:
393:
389:
387:
362:
350:
346:
344:
338:
331:
326:
314:ocean liners
304:
303:
301:
199:
195:
191:
168:Displacement
156:45,000
81:
35:
31:
18:
3693:Blue Jacket
3355:Gill, Anton
3187:(in French)
3081:(in French)
3033:(in French)
2867:(in French)
2843:(in French)
2819:(in French)
2802:(in French)
2750:(in French)
2707:, p. .
2412:8 September
1974: /
1900:World War I
1896:Southampton
1815: /
1738:RMS Titanic
1649:World War I
1571:RMS Olympic
1542:strike off
1394:Luigi Gatti
1343:first class
1127:sinking of
1085:s side plan
981:Orlop decks
952:Middle Deck
928:Saloon Deck
867:Bridge Deck
798:created by
575:Cunard Line
541:Deutschland
536:Blue Riband
369:during the
336:(1912) and
171:52,310 tons
147:Ocean liner
77:Preceded by
4495:Categories
4478:See also:
4357:Pittsburgh
3685:Red Jacket
3486:. London:
3463:. Stroud:
3308:Millennium
3172:9 November
2871:Le Gymnase
2346:30 October
2320:30 October
2233:References
2172:Titanic II
2123:See also:
2048:and 30 on
1962:24°17′02″E
1959:37°42′05″N
1865:HMHS
1662:White Star
1445:Laid down
1390:À la Carte
1378:César Ritz
1298:À La Carte
1170:See also:
1116:Mauretania
1064:Mauretania
1047:Queen Mary
1013:displacing
966:Lower Deck
938:Upper Deck
897:forecastle
634:Mauretania
591:Mauretania
586:Mauretania
492:Mauretania
449:Mauretania
403:Queen Mary
383:Aegean Sea
353:struck an
261:propellers
255:Propulsion
98:In service
4413:Britannic
4405:Laurentic
4333:Haverford
4261:Britannic
4245:Vaderland
4221:Zealandic
4173:Laurentic
4077:Victorian
4053:Corinthic
3805:Britannic
3568:Britannic
3258:The Wreck
2617:Gill 2010
2602:Gill 2010
2587:Gill 2010
2575:Gill 2010
2515:Gill 2010
2402:"Olympic"
2238:Citations
2112:Britannic
2096:Britannic
2081:USS
2074:USS
2054:Britannic
2050:Britannic
2038:Britannic
2034:Britannic
2013:Irish Sea
2005:Lusitania
2001:Britannic
1999:in 1911.
1948:struck a
1946:Britannic
1938:Britannic
1924:Britannic
1919:Britannic
1912:Britannic
1908:Admiralty
1904:shipyards
1892:Britannic
1880:Britannic
1867:Britannic
1849:Britannic
1837:Carpathia
1835:RMS
1751:RMS
1607:HMS
1580:RMS
1521:Britannic
1448:Launched
1419:Britannic
1405:Britannic
1218:Interiors
1211:Poop Deck
1203:Britannic
1166:Lifeboats
1159:Britannic
1151:Britannic
1138:Britannic
1120:capsizing
1112:Lusitania
1060:Lusitania
1050:in 1936.
1045:RMS
1037:Britannic
970:portholes
901:Poop Deck
857:Britannic
818:Boat Deck
741:Britannic
713:, ca 1910
673:Britannic
638:Luistania
630:Lusitania
625:Lusitania
609:Lusitania
605:residence
602:Belgravia
580:Lusitania
544:in 1900.
500:Olympic's
443:Lusitania
425:in 2000.
419:Britannic
406:in 1936.
363:Britannic
339:Britannic
200:Britannic
114:Completed
101:1911–1935
93:1908–1914
63:Operators
4460:Big Four
4397:Calgaric
4389:Albertic
4349:Majestic
4277:Justicia
4181:Megantic
4165:Adriatic
4117:Republic
4085:Armenian
3901:Magnetic
3893:Majestic
3885:Teutonic
3813:Germanic
3765:Adriatic
3757:Republic
3725:Atlantic
3357:(2010).
3312:Archived
3292:4 August
3262:Archived
3195:Archived
3166:Archived
3115:Archived
3089:Archived
3041:Archived
2927:Archived
2906:Archived
2875:Archived
2851:Archived
2827:Archived
2777:Archived
2758:Archived
2658:Archived
2461:Archived
2314:Archived
2262:Archived
2083:Scorpion
2076:Thresher
1776:New York
1774:SS
1685:Columbus
1676:Majestic
1671:Bismarck
1442:Ordered
1439:Builder
1083:Titanic'
985:Tank Top
983:and the
598:Big Four
330:(1911),
285:Capacity
272:21
49:Builders
4466:Olympic
4453:Athenic
4440:Oceanic
4432:Classes
4421:Georgic
4373:Delphic
4325:Homeric
4253:Lapland
4237:Ceramic
4229:Titanic
4205:Olympic
4197:Traffic
4189:Zeeland
4125:Canopic
4101:Romanic
4045:Athenic
4013:Oceanic
3973:Delphic
3965:Georgic
3925:Naronic
3909:Nomadic
3781:Traffic
3749:Asiatic
3717:Oceanic
3701:Tayleur
3666:Oceanic
3658:Olympic
3650:Planned
3641:Nomadic
3584:Titanic
3561:Titanic
3554:Olympic
3540:Olympic
3325:Sources
3018:14 June
2529:TITANIC
2290:16 July
2268:8 March
2202:Titanic
2182:Titanic
2146:Alnwick
2138:Olympic
2104:Titanic
2066:Ifremer
2058:Titanic
2046:Titanic
2042:Titanic
2030:Titanic
2011:in the
1993:Olympic
1989:Titanic
1934:Olympic
1888:Belfast
1876:Olympic
1831:Titanic
1803:50°14′W
1800:41°46′N
1791:Titanic
1781:Titanic
1770:Olympic
1766:Titanic
1764:class,
1762:Olympic
1753:Titanic
1731:Titanic
1720:Olympic
1716:Olympic
1694:Olympic
1690:Homeric
1647:during
1641:Olympic
1630:Olympic
1626:Titanic
1622:Titanic
1618:Olympic
1614:Titanic
1595:Olympic
1591:Olympic
1582:Olympic
1564:Olympic
1494:Titanic
1471:Belfast
1461:Olympic
1429:Careers
1415:Olympic
1398:Titanic
1386:Titanic
1382:Olympic
1369:Amerika
1360:Olympic
1331:Olympic
1313:Olympic
1291:Olympic
1276:Titanic
1257:Olympic
1243:Olympic
1199:Olympic
1195:Titanic
1191:Titanic
1187:Olympic
1182:Titanic
1178:Olympic
1155:Olympic
1147:Olympic
1142:Titanic
1134:Olympic
1129:Titanic
1108:Olympic
1104:Titanic
1100:Olympic
1079:Olympic
1041:Olympic
1033:Titanic
1029:Titanic
1025:Olympic
1009:Olympic
999:Olympic
913:Olympic
883:Olympic
875:Titanic
871:Olympic
853:Titanic
849:Olympic
811:Olympic
796:Titanic
792:Olympic
774:Olympic
743:in the
726:Titanic
711:Belfast
707:Olympic
703:Titanic
688:Titanic
681:Titanic
677:Olympic
668:Olympic
664:Titanic
660:Olympic
518:Germany
510:Olympic
458:Olympic
408:Titanic
398:Olympic
394:Titanic
390:Olympic
381:in the
355:iceberg
351:Titanic
347:Olympic
345:Whilst
333:Titanic
327:Olympic
311:British
305:Olympic
215:Draught
196:Titanic
192:Olympic
181:overall
153:Tonnage
130:Retired
106:Planned
82:Athenic
57:Belfast
36:Olympic
32:Titanic
4408:(1927)
4400:(1927)
4392:(1927)
4384:(1925)
4381:Regina
4376:(1925)
4368:(1923)
4360:(1922)
4352:(1922)
4344:(1922)
4341:Poland
4336:(1921)
4328:(1920)
4320:(1920)
4317:Arabic
4312:(1920)
4309:Mobile
4304:(1920)
4301:Gallic
4296:(1919)
4293:Bardic
4288:(1918)
4280:(1918)
4272:(1917)
4269:Belgic
4264:(1914)
4256:(1914)
4248:(1914)
4240:(1913)
4232:(1912)
4224:(1911)
4216:(1911)
4213:Belgic
4208:(1911)
4200:(1911)
4192:(1910)
4184:(1909)
4176:(1909)
4168:(1907)
4160:(1907)
4157:Gallic
4152:(1904)
4149:Tropic
4144:(1904)
4141:Baltic
4136:(1904)
4128:(1904)
4120:(1903)
4112:(1903)
4109:Cretic
4104:(1903)
4096:(1903)
4093:Arabic
4088:(1903)
4080:(1903)
4072:(1903)
4069:Cedric
4064:(1903)
4056:(1902)
4048:(1902)
4040:(1901)
4037:Celtic
4032:(1901)
4029:Suevic
4024:(1900)
4016:(1899)
4008:(1899)
4005:Persic
4000:(1899)
3992:(1899)
3984:(1898)
3981:Cymric
3976:(1897)
3968:(1895)
3960:(1894)
3957:Pontic
3952:(1894)
3944:(1893)
3941:Gothic
3936:(1892)
3928:(1892)
3920:(1891)
3917:Tauric
3912:(1891)
3904:(1891)
3896:(1890)
3888:(1889)
3880:(1889)
3872:(1888)
3864:(1885)
3861:Gaelic
3856:(1885)
3853:Belgic
3848:(1883)
3840:(1883)
3832:(1881)
3829:Coptic
3824:(1881)
3821:Arabic
3816:(1875)
3808:(1874)
3800:(1873)
3797:Belgic
3792:(1872)
3789:Gaelic
3784:(1872)
3776:(1872)
3773:Celtic
3768:(1872)
3760:(1872)
3752:(1871)
3744:(1871)
3741:Tropic
3736:(1871)
3733:Baltic
3728:(1871)
3720:(1870)
3712:(1863)
3704:(1854)
3696:(1854)
3688:(1853)
3644:(1911)
3494:
3471:
3448:
3422:
3403:
3384:
3365:
3343:
3337:Tempus
2535:
2174:, and
2019:Legacy
1724:Jarrow
1708:LV-117
1678:, and
1366:liner
1207:davits
964:, the
962:G Deck
950:, the
948:F Deck
936:, the
934:E Deck
926:, the
924:D Deck
916:'s
891:, the
889:C Deck
863:B Deck
839:A Deck
684:'s
438:Cunard
207:Height
194:&
176:Length
4468:class
4455:class
4442:class
4365:Doric
4285:Vedic
4133:Cufic
4061:Ionic
4021:Runic
3997:Medic
3989:Afric
3949:Cevic
3933:Bovic
3877:Runic
3869:Cufic
3845:Doric
3837:Ionic
3629:ships
2188:Notes
2144:, in
2028:When
1997:Hawke
1906:with
1666:HAPAG
1657:U-103
1609:Hawke
1526:1911
1475:1907
1454:Fate
1436:Name
1408:'
1334:'
1316:'
1294:'
1260:'
1017:draft
1002:'
974:orlop
496:'
460:class
411:'
269:Speed
231:Decks
223:Depth
90:Built
84:class
3492:ISBN
3469:ISBN
3446:ISBN
3420:ISBN
3401:ISBN
3382:ISBN
3363:ISBN
3341:ISBN
3294:2009
3241:2018
3174:2008
3020:2021
2533:ISBN
2414:2008
2348:2013
2322:2013
2292:2009
2270:2010
2127:and
2079:and
2068:and
1950:mine
1740:and
1639:HMT
1540:mine
1512:Sunk
1388:had
1384:and
1226:and
1189:and
1180:and
1157:and
1125:The
1114:and
1102:and
1092:keel
1081:and
1062:and
1007:The
979:The
855:and
794:and
705:and
679:and
636:and
583:and
563:and
524:and
516:and
508:The
446:and
417:and
392:and
377:off
375:mine
359:sank
357:and
302:The
293:Crew
187:Beam
143:Type
122:Lost
3162:PBS
2064:of
1952:at
1682:'s
1680:NDL
1643:in
1553:1:
1544:Kea
1021:GRT
379:Kea
162:GRT
158:GRT
4497::
3490:.
3467:.
3339:.
3285:.
3268:,
3227:.
3164:.
3160:.
3125:^
3011:.
2933:,
2742:^
2721:^
2685:^
2664:,
2609:^
2594:^
2547:^
2495:^
2455:,
2392:^
2312:.
2308:.
2260:.
2245:^
2170:,
2158:.
2148:,
2110:,
2015:.
1926:.
1898:,
1628:,
1469:,
1425:.
1400:.
1380:.
1296:s
1201:.
1066:.
1023:.
589:.
557:,
551::
278:kn
274:kn
69:;
55:,
3619:e
3612:t
3605:v
3531:e
3524:t
3517:v
3500:.
3477:.
3454:.
3428:.
3409:.
3390:.
3371:.
3349:.
3296:.
3243:.
3176:.
3108:-
3022:.
2541:.
2416:.
2350:.
2324:.
2294:.
2272:.
2204:.
234:9
202:)
133:1
125:2
117:3
109:3
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.