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This military operation, in collaboration with the police, decided by the
Belgian government, aims to secure "sensitive" locations to deal with the terrorist threat in crowded public places (stations, shopping centers, squares), places of worship, transportation (subways, trains, stations, airports),
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For the year 2015 (beginning of the operation
Saturday, January 17, 2015), the cost of deployment of the military in street amounted to 17.15 million euros. In 2016, only for the first trismestre, the cost was 12.01 million. For the second quarter, specifically from 1 st April to 2 July, the amount
121:
On 26 August 2017, a man was shot in the center of
Brussels on the Boulevard Émile Jacqmain, after attacking a military patrol with a knife, wounding one of the soldiers. The federal prosecutor called the attack terrorist aggression. It was claimed the next day by the
85:
is expected to reach 22.05 million euros, according to government estimates. The rising costs of
Operation Vigilant Guardian is explained, according to the Interior Ministry, the fact that the number of personnel has increased steadily since 2015.
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having foiled attacks imminent, to deal with the terrorist threat and protect the "points" sensitive territory. The operation was put in place 16 January 2015 and ended on 1 April 2021.
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At the beginning of the operation only 150 military members were mobilized, the number of personnel steadily increased to reach the figure of 1,828 soldiers mobilized by
October 2016.
126:. A few days after the attack on 28 August 2017, the General Staff of the army Marc Thys, announced that the military will continue their patrols on the street, at least until 2021.
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and tried to perpetrate a terrorist attack. The perpetrator, called Osama Z, was killed by soldiers mobilizing as part of
Operation Vigilant Guardian, thwarting an attack.
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The operation, originally codenamed
Homeland, was significantly strengthened during the 2015, after the attacks of 13 November, notably through the implementation of
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government institutions (European institutions, embassies, parliaments), schools, universities, hospitals, ports, nuclear power plants, and international borders.
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from "medium" to "serious", after a vehicle rammed into an outdoor cafe, injuring several people. The perpetrator was caught and arrested in
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later that day. The level was dropped back to medium a few hours later after officials found "reassuring elements in their investigation".
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52:, Belgium’s crisis center urged continued vigilance on 17 October and said there would be “increased and visible police presence.”
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On 26 August 2022 Belgium's terrorism tracking
Coordination Unit for Threat Analysis (OCAM) briefly raised the threat level in
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This neutralization, in addition to saving aspect, reports of an exceptional nature, this is the first time since the
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The
Vigilant Guardian transaction is directly inspired by the French military operation called
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428:"Tentative d'attentat Ă la gare centrale: le terroriste Ă©tait connu pour un fait de drogue"
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Lasoen, Kenneth (2018). "War of Nerves. The
Domestic Terror Threat and the Belgian Army".
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implementation in the hexagon after the wave of attacks that hit France in January 2015.
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907:
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403:"Le coût des militaires en rue s'envole : 34 millions d'euros en à peine six mois"
204:"Deux ans après: l'image de la Défense améliorée par la présence des militaires en rue"
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Lasoen, Kenneth (2017). "Indications and Warning in Belgium. Brussels is not Delphi".
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The deployment of soldiers in the streets in Belgium was an unprecedented event since
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332:"Les opérations de la Défense en 2015: un bilan rythmé par la menace terroriste"
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On 16 October 2023, the Belgian authorities heightened the threat level for the
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358:"Les militaires sont déployés à 73% en Belgique et pour un quart à l'étranger"
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308:"Two Swedes shot dead in Brussels; Belgium raises terror alert to top level"
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23:
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the same day. This is the highest level since August 2022.
230:"Vigilant Guardian: l'armée belge contre le terrorisme"
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that a soldier kills someone on the Belgian territory.
144:-Capital region to its highest level of 4, after the
107:June 20, 2017, a man entered the enclosure of the
1178:January 2015 anti-terrorism operations in Belgium
479:"Brussels terror attack suspect killed by police"
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529:
515:
59:and a number of violent events in the 1980s.
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255:"Tijdlijn: het verhaal van Brussel in 2021"
32:dismantling of a terrorist cell in Verviers
823:2016 stabbing of Charleroi police officers
522:
508:
305:
181:from August 1969 to July 2007, as part of
41:from 21 to 26 November 2015 and after the
828:2016 stabbing of Brussels police officers
167:is the British Army equivalent operation.
16:Belgian anti-terrorism military operation
1173:2014 anti-terrorism operations in Norway
638:Shchelkovo Highway police station attack
575:ISIL-related terrorist attacks in France
39:absolute emergency in the Brussels area
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374:
278:
1233:Military operations involving Belgium
503:
151:
1152:Operation Vigilant Guardian, Belgium
595:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
79:
43:attacks of 22 March 2016 in Brussels
633:2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing
281:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism
13:
1003:2020 Romans-sur-Isère knife attack
998:Paris police headquarters stabbing
886:2014 Tours police station stabbing
28:January 2015 ĂŽle-de-France attacks
14:
1244:
813:Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
570:Spillover of the Syrian Civil War
306:Blenkinsop, Philip (2023-10-17).
71:
928:2016 Paris police station attack
876:Toulouse and Montauban shootings
590:Insurgency in the North Caucasus
1051:2011 Frankfurt Airport shooting
471:
446:
1109:2018 Amsterdam stabbing attack
913:Saint-Quentin-Fallavier attack
600:Al-Qaeda involvement in Europe
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103:2023 Brussels terrorist attack
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1193:2015 Saint-Denis, France raid
978:Carcassonne and Trèbes attack
389:10.1080/01402390.2017.1288111
293:10.1080/1057610X.2018.1431270
189:
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1228:Islamic terrorism in Belgium
1147:Opération Sentinelle, France
377:Journal of Strategic Studies
88:
7:
1223:Counterterrorism in Belgium
963:2017 Champs-Élysées ramming
943:2016 Normandy church attack
838:August 2017 Brussels attack
734:2019 London Bridge stabbing
729:Parsons Green train bombing
669:2017 Stockholm truck attack
531:Islamic terrorism in Europe
99:August 2017 Brussels attack
20:Operation Vigilant Guardian
10:
1249:
1198:2017 Saint Petersburg raid
1188:2016 Brussels police raids
1114:2019 Utrecht tram shooting
1028:2023 Arras school stabbing
1008:2020 Paris stabbing attack
953:2017 Champs-Élysées attack
891:2015 ĂŽle-de-France attacks
774:2004 Madrid train bombings
92:
1165:
1139:
1130:
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1081:2020 Dresden knife attack
1076:2017 Hamburg knife attack
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933:2016 Magnanville stabbing
856:
833:June 2017 Brussels attack
803:
787:
761:
724:2017 London Bridge attack
664:2015 Copenhagen shootings
651:
625:
618:
580:Brussels ISIL terror cell
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95:June 2017 Brussels attack
1071:2016 Berlin truck attack
1023:Rambouillet knife attack
948:2017 Orly Airport attack
918:2015 Thalys train attack
719:Manchester Arena bombing
109:Brussels Central Station
26:operation following the
1104:Murder of Theo van Gogh
983:2018 Paris knife attack
973:2017 Marseille stabbing
968:Levallois-Perret attack
739:2020 Streatham stabbing
714:2017 Westminster attack
659:2010 Stockholm bombings
643:Crocus City Hall attack
1157:Operation Temperer, UK
1086:2024 Mannheim stabbing
988:2018 Strasbourg attack
958:2017 Notre Dame attack
938:2016 Nice truck attack
896:Charlie Hebdo shooting
881:2013 La DĂ©fense attack
866:Air France Flight 8969
848:2023 Brussels shooting
818:2016 Brussels bombings
779:2017 Barcelona attacks
769:2003 Istanbul bombings
744:2020 Reading stabbings
704:Glasgow Airport attack
1061:WĂĽrzburg train attack
1013:Murder of Samuel Paty
749:Murder of David Amess
1066:2016 Ansbach bombing
699:2005 London bombings
175:British Armed Forces
146:2023 Brussels attack
50:2023 Brussels attack
709:Murder of Lee Rigby
545:Terrorism in Europe
1018:2020 Nice stabbing
923:2015 Paris attacks
908:2015 Nice stabbing
795:2020 Vienna attack
679:2022 Oslo shooting
560:Islam and violence
165:Operation Temperer
158:Operation Sentinel
152:Foreign equivalent
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1183:Brussels lockdown
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1033:2023 Paris attack
993:2019 Lyon bombing
901:Hypercacher siege
843:2018 Liège attack
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674:2017 Turku attack
585:Cannes-Torcy cell
555:Islamic extremism
550:Islamic terrorism
338:. 21 January 2016
210:. 17 January 2017
80:Transaction costs
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1096:Netherlands
1217:Categories
1140:Operations
489:2023-10-27
463:29 October
458:M.7sur7.be
438:29 October
412:28 October
407:Lalibre.be
383:(7): 945.
367:28 October
362:Lalibre.be
342:28 October
317:2023-10-27
265:2021-12-20
261:(in Dutch)
239:28 October
214:28 October
190:References
63:Objectives
48:After the
1133:terrorism
605:Lone wolf
89:Incidents
1131:Counter-
565:Jihadism
483:POLITICO
287:: 1–19.
234:Itele.fr
173:was the
142:Brussels
131:Brussels
30:and the
1043:Germany
805:Belgium
691:Kingdom
619:Attacks
538:General
432:Rtbf.be
336:Rtbf.be
312:Reuters
208:Rtbf.be
135:Antwerp
858:France
689:United
101:, and
22:was a
1166:Raids
762:South
652:North
788:West
626:East
465:2017
440:2017
414:2017
369:2017
344:2017
241:2017
216:2017
385:doi
289:doi
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