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In
Switzerland, a cantonal referendum was held for the first and only time in 2003. It related to changes in marriage, family and housing taxation (the so-called âtax packageâ). The contested bill was rejected in the referendum on May 16, 2004.
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to repeal a law. The collection of signatures from the public is normally necessary to organize an optional referendum, but some jurisdictions allow government agencies to request for a referendum also. It is a form of
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The number of signatures required from Swiss voters for a popular referendum was initially 30,000. Due to the massive increase in the number of voters due to population growth and the introduction of
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being submitted. In the referendum of 1921, the optional referendum for state treaties that are valid for more than 15 years or for an indefinite period of time was then introduced.
473:. Depending on the area and position, a recall may be for a specific individual, such as an individual legislator, or more general such as an entire legislature.
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will be organised on every law against which opponent collect 50,000 valid signatures during the period of 100 days after publication by the parliament.
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in that it is a requested referendum, whereas the subject matter of a mandatory referendum is a legally required to be put to a referendum.
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which comes from a request by governmental authorities or the public. The best known types of optional referendums is the
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since 1869). At federal level, the optional referendum was introduced by the
Federal Constitution of 1874 (Article 74).
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The ratification of the
Gotthard Treaty of 1909 triggered widespread protests and ultimately led to a
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447:: A referendum that is voluntarily placed on the ballot by a governmental authority (usually a
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decrees by legislative and/or executive bodies. It also allows them to propose new laws in a
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Type of Swiss popular vote opposing or requesting the introduction of a new law
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469:: A citizen-led effort to remove an elected official before the end of their
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The popular referendum was first introduced in the cantons (e.g. in the
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of the votation, organised on 8 February 2009, on the extension of the
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A referendum can also be requested by a minimum of eight
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Swiss
Federalism: The Transformation of a Federal Model
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There are a few major types of optional referendums:
565:) It allows citizens to oppose laws voted by the
463:: A citizen-led effort to oppose or repeal a law.
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428:The optional referendum is in contrast to a
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756:, Ăditions loisirs et pĂ©dagogie, 2008.
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638:Swiss optional referendum statistics
524:the popular referendum is known as a
792:Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences
831:statistique, Office fédéral de la.
516:Mandatory referendum in Switzerland
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418:popular (or abrogative) referendum
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788:Swiss National Science Foundation
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752:Vincent Golay and Mix et Remix,
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340:List of direct democracy parties
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804:Vatter, Adrian (12 June 2018).
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416:to request a law, and the
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605:women's suffrage in 1971
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539:fakultatives Referendum
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335:Participatory budgeting
794:, no. 99, 2013, p. 45.
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526:facultative referendum
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445:Authorities plebiscite
96:Referendums by country
643:Optional referendums
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563:referendum facultativ
547:référendum facultatif
512:Voting in Switzerland
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455:Initiative referendum
268:Referendums by method
430:mandatory referendum
225:Referendums by issue
83:Mandatory referendum
63:Legislative referral
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632:cantonal referendum
406:optional referendum
368:Politics portal
58:Optional referendum
786:, magazine of the
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579:popular initiative
567:federal parliament
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461:Popular referendum
414:popular initiative
320:Citizens' assembly
292:Athenian democracy
78:Popular referendum
68:Popular initiative
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810:. Routledge.
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841:. Retrieved
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488:ballot paper
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345:Ballot title
274:E-referendum
251:Independence
231:Civil rights
57:
24:Part of the
18:
894:Switzerland
839:(in French)
833:"Votations"
781:(in French)
522:Switzerland
478:Switzerland
449:legislature
188:Switzerland
173:Philippines
163:New Zealand
158:Netherlands
769:References
649:1951-1980
646:1874-1950
506:See also:
410:referendum
693:Rejected
668:Accepted
575:municipal
531:âčSee Tfdâș
350:Sortition
153:Lithuania
103:Australia
904:Category
882:Politics
843:13 March
790:and the
784:Horizons
737:Source:
598:petition
571:cantonal
496:Bulgaria
183:Slovakia
868:Portals
628:cantons
585:History
573:and/or
559:Romansh
551:Italian
500:Romania
309:Related
236:Finance
208:Ukraine
128:Germany
113:Czechia
814:
760:
655:Total
543:French
535:German
514:, and
297:in USA
241:Mining
198:Taiwan
193:Turkey
178:Sweden
168:Poland
143:Israel
123:France
108:Canada
711:Total
436:Types
408:is a
148:Kenya
133:Italy
845:2022
812:ISBN
758:ISBN
621:vote
498:and
404:The
138:Iran
731:176
705:78
702:26
699:18
696:34
680:98
677:59
674:19
671:20
520:In
246:War
213:USA
906::
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721:37
716:54
581:.
569:,
561::
557:,
553::
549:,
545::
541:;
537::
510:,
486:A
425:.
256:EU
203:UK
118:EU
870::
847:.
820:.
764:.
691:N
666:Y
528:(
502:.
451:)
393:e
386:t
379:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
