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Jespersen was a professor of
English at the University of Copenhagen from 1893 to his retirement in 1925, and served as Rector of the university in 1920–21. His early work focused primarily on language teaching reform and on phonetics, but he is best known for his later work on syntax and on language
326:
After his retirement in 1925, Jespersen remained active in the international linguistic community. In addition to continuing to write, he convened and chaired the first
International Meeting on Linguistic Research in Geneva in 1930, and acted as president of the Fourth International Congress of
353:
Jespersen received honorary degrees from
Columbia University in New York (1910), St. Andrews University in Scotland (1925), and the Sorbonne in Paris (1927). He was one of the first six international scholars to be elected as honorary members of the
246:
which represents one idea, expressed by means of two or more elements, whereas a nexus combines two ideas. Junction and nexus proved valuable in bringing the concept of context to the forefront of the attention of the world of linguistics.
650:(in seven volumes; the title should be understood as 'A grammar of Modern English') originally published by Carl Winter, Heidelberg, later vols. by Ejnar Munksgard, Copenhagen and George Allen & Unwin, London (
658:) (Vols. 5–7, issued without series title, have imprint: Copenhagen, E. Munksgaard, 1940–49; Imprint varies: Pt.5–6: London: Allen & Unwin; pt.7: Copenhagen: Munksgaard, London: Allen & Unwin.)
173:, then called The Phonetic Teachers' Association. In fact the idea of creating a phonetic alphabet that could be used by every language was first put forward by Jespersen in a letter he sent to
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in 1877 when he was 17, initially studying law but not forgetting his language studies. In 1881 he shifted his focus completely to languages, and in 1887 earned his master's degree in
461:
38:
264:(1905) is a comprehensive view of the English language, and still in print, over 70 years after his death and more than 100 years after publication. Late in his life he published
323:. While in the U.S., he took occasion to study the country's educational system. His autobiography (see below) was published in English translation as recently as 1995.
230:(1921). Jespersen in this theory of ranks removes the parts of speech from the syntax, and differentiates between primaries, secondaries, and tertiaries; e.g. in "
166:
as his secondary languages. He supported himself during his studies through part-time work as a schoolteacher and as a shorthand reporter in the Danish parliament.
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Jespersen visited the United States twice: he lectured at the
Congress of Arts and Sciences in St. Louis in 1904, and in 1909–1910 he visited both the
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is applied to sentences, structures similar to sentences and sentences in formation, in which two concepts are expressed in one unit; e.g.,
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668:. Det Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab: Historisk-filologiske Meddelelser I, 5. Copenhagen: Andr. Fred. Høst og søn. 1917.
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as a boy, and with the help of Rask's grammars taught himself some
Icelandic, Italian, and Spanish. He entered the
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Falk, Julia S. "Words without grammar: Linguists and the international language movement in the United States,
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268:(1937), in which he presents his views on syntactic structure using an idiosyncratic shorthand notation. In
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790:: an English translation of Otto Jespersen's autobiography, edited by Arne Juul, Hans Frede Nielsen and
580:
196:, he returned to Copenhagen in August 1888 and began work on his doctoral dissertation on the English
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17:
134:
described him as "one of the greatest language scholars of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries."
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254:(1922) is considered by many to be his keystone work. The multi-volume, descriptive reference work
155:
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260:(1909–1949) is likely his most influential work and concentrated on morphology and syntax, while
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Falk, Julia S. 1992. Otto
Jespersen, Leonard Bloomfield, and American Structural Linguistics.
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In 1887–1888, he traveled to
England, Germany and France, meeting linguists like
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The articulations of speech sounds represented by means of analphabetic symbols
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A literary miscellany: proceedings of the Otto
Jespersen Symposium April 29–30
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The
Singing Neanderthals: The Origins of Music, Language, Mind, and Body
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1043:. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from
967:"The Principles of the International Phonetic Association: 1949"
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Mankind, nation and individual: from a linguistic point of view
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Mankind, Nation and
Individual: from a linguistic point of view
272:(1924) he challenged the accepted views of common concepts in
1218:
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
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75 (1943), pp. 273–282 (reprinted in: Thomas A. Sebeok,
163:
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system. He successfully defended his dissertation in 1891.
615:
Fonetik: En systematisk Fremstilling af Læren om Sproglyd
392:
381:
242:. This term is qualified by a further concept called a
1114:, vol. 2, Bloomington & London: Indiana U.P. 1966
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and proposed corrections to the basic definitions of
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He was most widely recognized for some of his books.
150:. He was inspired by the work of Danish philologist
971:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
806:
648:A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles
257:A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles
1144:
738:Novial to English, French and German dictionary.
169:In June, 1886, Jespersen became a member of the
1208:Academic staff of the University of Copenhagen
716:. H. Aschehoug (det Mallingske bogtryk.), 1925
360:Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
683:Language: Its Nature, Development, and Origin
546:
118:; 16 July 1860 – 30 April 1943) was a Danish
1233:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy
633:Growth and Structure of the English Language
348:International Auxiliary Language Association
262:Growth and Structure of the English Language
252:Language: Its Nature, Development and Origin
228:De to hovedarter af grammatiske forbindelser
188:and attending lectures at institutions like
334:movement. He was an early supporter of the
292:etc., and developed further his notions of
553:
539:
36:
628:available online through OpenLibrary.org.
358:. He was elected a foreign member of the
330:Jespersen was an important figure in the
308:(1925) is one of the pioneering works on
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1223:Rectors of the University of Copenhagen
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924:
766:, Copenhagen, Jespersen's autobiography
665:Negation in English and Other Languages
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947:
945:
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342:and in 1928 published his own project
1021:, 15(3): pp. 241–259. Pergamon, 1995.
192:. Following the advice of his mentor
113:
1133:in University of Warwick ELT Archive
959:
921:
624:. London: S. Sonnenschein & Co.
942:
13:
1198:Alumni of the University of Oxford
1126:Otto Jespersen Online Bibliography
953:"Otto Jespersen's life and career"
373:
171:International Phonetic Association
14:
1244:
1055:
462:Delegation for the Adoption of an
327:Linguists in Copenhagen in 1936.
1095:Works by or about Otto Jespersen
1073:
1061:
1041:"J.O.H. Jespersen (1860 - 1943)"
464:International Auxiliary Language
16:For the Norwegian comedian, see
1203:University of Copenhagen alumni
771:Efficiency in linguistic change
622:How to teach a foreign language
365:
1033:
1024:
1011:
1002:
989:
889:
807:Essays and articles (selected)
1:
1213:Constructed language creators
882:
814:What is the use of phonetics?
743:Essentials of English Grammar
676:– via Internet Archive.
356:Linguistic Society of America
137:
43:
212:He advanced the theories of
7:
855:
581:Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
142:Otto Jespersen was born in
23:Danish linguist (1860–1943)
10:
1249:
1139:in Encyclopædia Britannica
1019:Language and Communication
825:Nature and Art in Language
605:: CS1 maint: postscript (
346:. He also worked with the
15:
1106:, by Niels Haislund, in:
831:5 (1929), pp. 89ff (
725:(the introduction of the
722:An International Language
699:The Philosophy of Grammar
270:The Philosophy of Grammar
240:it rained, he ran indoors
222:in Danish in two papers:
115:[ˈʌtsʰoˈjespɐsn̩]
107:Jens Otto Harry Jespersen
94:
75:
53:
35:
28:
18:Otto Jespersen (comedian)
844:Adversative Conjunctions
783:and Arne Zettersten 1994
317:University of California
156:University of Copenhagen
1086:Works by Otto Jespersen
617:. Copenhagen: Schubothe
122:who specialized in the
1178:Danish autobiographers
1173:Linguists from Denmark
1112:Portraits of Linguists
905:Orion Publishing Group
379:
332:international language
302:structural linguistics
204:Academic life and work
377:
1153:Linguists of English
1070:at Wikimedia Commons
977:(3): 299–358. 2010.
764:En sprogmands levned
576:Progress in Language
487:Constructed language
1168:People from Randers
1122:, pp. 148–57).
1047:on 16 October 2020.
862:Dania transcription
792:Jørgen Erik Nielsen
781:Jørgen Erik Nielsen
321:Columbia University
162:, with English and
936:interlanguages.net
819:Educational Review
593:Macmillan & Co
570:. Marburg: Elwert.
482:Auxiliary language
380:
1108:Englische Studien
1090:Project Gutenberg
1078:Works related to
1066:Media related to
914:978-1-7802-2258-5
872:Jespersen's Cycle
788:A Linguist's Life
563:
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232:well honed phrase
190:Oxford University
104:
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1104:"Otto Jespersen"
1099:Internet Archive
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749:Analytic Syntax
727:Novial language
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266:Analytic Syntax
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132:Steven Mithen
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79:30 April 1943
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1228:Phoneticians
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1107:
1045:the original
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591:. New York:
575:
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366:Bibliography
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81:(1943-04-30)
64:16 July 1860
1163:1943 deaths
1158:1860 births
877:Prosiopesis
849:Linguistica
646:1909–1949:
525:Wikivortaro
497:Esperantido
226:(1913) and
182:Henry Sweet
152:Rasmus Rask
47: 1915
42:Jespersen,
1147:Categories
1030:Falk 1992.
903:. London:
883:References
794:, Odense (
579:. London:
427:vs. Novial
186:Paul Passy
175:Paul Passy
138:Early life
95:Occupation
60:1860-07-16
1008:Falk 1992
674:457568567
601:cite book
589:607098829
520:Wikipedio
514:Wikimedia
492:Esperanto
457:Jespersen
447:Beaufront
407:Phonology
362:in 1931.
338:offshoot
336:Esperanto
89:, Denmark
70:, Denmark
997:Language
983:44526579
899:(2005).
856:See also
502:Adjuvilo
452:Couturat
394:Language
378:Ido flag
244:junction
120:linguist
99:Linguist
87:Roskilde
1097:at the
476:Related
441:History
402:Grammar
282:pronoun
274:grammar
148:Jutland
144:Randers
126:of the
124:grammar
111:Danish:
68:Randers
1193:Novial
1183:Idists
1118:
981:
911:
851:(1933)
847:, in:
837:Part 2
833:Part 1
827:, in:
817:, in:
798:
786:1995:
775:1993:
769:1941:
762:1938:
755:
747:1937:
741:1933:
732:1930:
719:1928:
712:1925:
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697:1924:
690:
680:1922:
672:
661:1917:
654:
639:
631:1905:
620:1904:
613:1899:
587:
583:1894.
566:1889:
344:Novial
286:object
160:French
979:JSTOR
412:Union
298:Nexus
290:voice
236:Nexus
219:Nexus
164:Latin
1116:ISBN
909:ISBN
796:ISBN
753:ISBN
703:ISBN
688:ISBN
670:OCLC
652:ISBN
637:ISBN
607:link
585:OCLC
319:and
296:and
294:Rank
216:and
214:Rank
198:case
184:and
76:Died
54:Born
1088:at
383:Ido
340:Ido
146:in
1149::
975:40
973:.
969:.
944:^
934:.
923:^
835:,
603:}}
599:{{
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554:e
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