Nitrox - Knowledge

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compressor or a regulated supply from high pressure storage or compressor. The air must be free of contaminants that could clog the membrane, and at a constant inlet temperature and pressure to produce a consistent delivered partial pressure of oxygen. The air must be of breathing quality, other contaminants must be filtered out independently. The input air pressure is regulated and pressure over the membrane controlled to adjust the product oxygen fraction. CGA Grade D or E air quality is suitable for supply gas, and is commonly heated to a constant inlet temperature. Heating also reduces the chance of high humidity causing wetting of the membrane. In a typical system supply air enters the thousands of hollow fibres of the membrane at one end, and oxygen preferentially permeates the fibre walls, leaving mostly nitrogen at the discharge end, which is vented from the system as waste.

265:, teach the use of two depth limits to protect against oxygen toxicity. The shallower depth is called the "maximum operating depth" and is reached when the partial pressure of oxygen in the breathing gas reaches 1.4 bar (140 kPa). The deeper depth, called the "contingency depth", is reached when the partial pressure reaches 1.6 bar (160 kPa). Diving at or beyond this level exposes the diver to a greater risk of central nervous system (CNS) oxygen toxicity. This can be extremely dangerous since its onset is often without warning and can lead to drowning, as the regulator may be spat out during convulsions, which occur in conjunction with sudden unconsciousness (general seizure induced by oxygen toxicity). 456:

nitrogen and oxygen with more than 21% oxygen. "Enriched Air Nitrox" or "EAN", and "Oxygen Enriched Air" are used to emphasize richer than air mixtures. In "EANx", the "x" was originally the x of nitrox, but has come to indicate the percentage of oxygen in the mix and is replaced by a number when the percentage is known; for example, a 40% oxygen mix is called EAN40. The two most popular blends are EAN32 and EAN36, developed by NOAA for scientific diving, and also named Nitrox I and Nitrox II, respectively, or Nitrox68/32 and Nitrox64/36. These two mixtures were first utilized to the depth and oxygen limits for scientific diving designated by NOAA at the time.

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even moderate exertion while breathing from the regulator is a relatively uncommon occurrence in recreational scuba, as divers usually try to minimize it in order to conserve gas, episodes of exertion while regulator-breathing do occasionally occur in recreational diving. Examples are surface-swimming a distance to a boat or beach after surfacing, where residual "safety" cylinder gas is often used freely, since the remainder will be wasted anyway when the dive is completed, and unplanned contingencies due to currents or buoyancy problems. It is possible that these so-far un-studied situations have contributed to some of the positive reputation of nitrox.

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extended no-stop times vary depending on the decompression model used to derive the tables, but as an approximation, it is based on the partial pressure of nitrogen at the dive depth. This principle can be used to calculate an equivalent air depth (EAD) with the same partial pressure of nitrogen as the mix to be used, and this depth is less than the actual dive depth for oxygen enriched mixtures. The equivalent air depth is used with air decompression tables to calculate decompression obligation and no-stop times. The

553: 400:) requires competence to carry two nitrox mixtures in separate scuba sets, and to use the richer mix for accelerated decompression at the end of the dive, switching gases underwater at the correct planned depth and selecting the new gas on the dive computer if one is carried. For the purposes of the certification any mixture from air to nominally 100% oxygen may be used, though at least one agency prefers to limit oxygen fraction to 80% as they consider this has a lower risk for acute oxygen toxicity. 13328: 172:

diving community who insist that they feel reduced narcotic effects at depths breathing nitrox. This may be due to a dissociation of the subjective and behavioural effects of narcosis. Although oxygen appears chemically more narcotic at the surface, relative narcotic effects at depth have never been studied in detail, but it is known that different gases produce different narcotic effects as depth increases. Helium has no narcotic effect, but results in

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sub-clinical decompression sickness (DCS) (i.e. micro bubbles in the blood insufficient to cause symptoms of DCS); the fact that the study mentioned was conducted in a dry chamber with an ideal decompression profile may have been sufficient to reduce sub-clinical DCS and prevent fatigue in both nitrox and air divers. In 2008, a study was published using wet divers at the same depth no statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue was seen.

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known to occur when this guideline has been properly applied. Tens of thousands of recreational divers are trained each year and the overwhelming majority of these divers are taught the "over 40% rule". Most nitrox fill stations which supply pre-mixed nitrox will fill cylinders with mixtures below 40% without certification of cleanliness for oxygen service. Luxfer cylinders specify oxygen cleaning for all mixtures exceeding 23.5% oxygen.

13386: 13352: 633:. For example, based on the PADI nitrox recommendations, the maximum operating depth for EAN45 would be 21 metres (69 ft) and the maximum dive time available at this depth even with EAN36 is nearly 1 hour 15 minutes: a diver with a breathing rate of 20 litres per minute using twin 10-litre, 230-bar (about double 85 cu. ft.) cylinders would have completely emptied the cylinders after 1 hour 14 minutes at this depth. 339: 900: 13340: 799:. The compressor and particularly the compressor oil, must be suitable for this service. If the resulting oxygen fraction is less than 40%, the cylinder and valve may not be required to be cleaned for oxygen service. Relatively efficient and quick compared to partial pressure blending, but requires a suitable compressor, and the range of mixes may be limited by the compressor specification. 884:

identified by a transparent, self-adhesive label with green lettering, fitted below the shoulder. In effect this is green lettering on a yellow cylinder, with a gray shoulder. The composition of the gas must also be specified on the label. In practice this is done by a small additional self-adhesive label marked with the measured oxygen fraction, which is changed when a new mix is filled.

760: 656:. Normally, however, the most oxygen-lean of the diver's decompression gases would be used for this purpose, since descent time spent reaching a depth where bottom mix is no longer hypoxic is normally small, and the distance between this depth and the MOD of any nitrox decompression gas is likely to be very short, if it occurs at all. 391:. The course is short, with a theory module on the risks of oxygen toxicity and the calculation of maximum operating depth, and a practical module of generally two dives using nitrox. It is one of the most popular further training programmes for entry level divers as it makes longer dives possible at a large number of popular sites. 1097:(NOAA) Diving Center, began instituting diving procedures for oxygen-enriched air. He introduced the concept of Equivalent Air Depth (EAD). He also developed a process for mixing oxygen and air which he called a continuous blending system. For many years Wells' invention was the only practical alternative to 916:

gas containing more than 40% oxygen may again be added. Cylinders marked as 'not oxygen clean' may only be filled with oxygen-enriched air mixtures from membrane or stick blending systems where the gas is mixed before being added to the cylinder, and to an oxygen fraction not exceeding 40% by volume.

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onvulsions). However, evidence from non-fatal oxygen convulsions indicates that most convulsions are not preceded by any warning symptoms at all. Further, many of the suggested warning signs are also symptoms of nitrogen narcosis, and so may lead to misdiagnosis by a diver. A solution to either is to

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Controlled tests have not shown breathing nitrox to reduce the effects of nitrogen narcosis, as oxygen seems to have similarly narcotic properties under pressure to nitrogen; thus one should not expect a reduction in narcotic effects due only to the use of nitrox. Nonetheless, there are people in the

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A limited range of mixes is possible, but the equipment is quick and easy to operate and relatively safe, as there is never high partial pressure oxygen involved. A supply of clean low-pressure air at a constant temperature is required for consistent results. This may be supplied from a low pressure

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suit. This concept was produced and marketed as the DM20 oxygen rebreather system and the DM40 nitrox rebreather system, in which air from one cylinder and oxygen from a second cylinder were mixed during injection through a nozzle which circulated the breathing gas through the scrubber and the rest

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train their divers to personally check the oxygen percentage content of each nitrox cylinder before every dive. If the oxygen percentage deviates by more than 1% from the planned mix, the diver must either recalculate the dive plan with the actual mix, or else abort the dive to avoid increased risk

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containing a blend of gasses other than standard air is required by most diver training organizations, and some national governments, to be clearly marked to indicate the current gas mixture. In practice it is common to use a printed adhesive label to indicate the type of gas (in this case nitrox),

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problems. It was later used by Dr Morgan Wells of NOAA for mixtures with an oxygen fraction higher than air, and has become a generic term for binary mixtures of nitrogen and oxygen with any oxygen fraction, and in the context of recreational and technical diving, now usually refers to a mixture of

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Nitrox is known by many names: Enriched Air Nitrox, Oxygen Enriched Air, Nitrox, EANx or Safe Air. Since the word is a compound contraction or coined word and not an acronym, it should not be written in all upper case characters as "NITROX", but may be initially capitalized

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for the same risk. The significant aspect of extended no-stop time when using nitrox mixtures is reduced risk in a situation where breathing gas supply is compromised, as the diver can make a direct ascent to the surface with an acceptably low risk of decompression sickness. The exact values of the

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started occasionally diving with oxygen rebreathers adapted for semi-closed-circuit nitrox (which they called "mixture") diving by fitting larger cylinders and carefully setting the gas flow rate using a flow meter. These developments were kept secret until independently duplicated by civilians in

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Use of a gas mix that differs from the planned mix introduces an increased risk of decompression sickness or an increased risk of oxygen toxicity, depending on the error. It may be possible to simply recalculate the dive plan or set the dive computer accordingly, but in some cases the planned dive

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and suitable for partial pressure blending. Any oxygen-clean cylinder may have any mix up to 100% oxygen inside. If by some accident an oxygen-clean cylinder is filled at a station that does not supply gas to oxygen-clean standards it is then considered contaminated and must be re-cleaned before a

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South African National Standard 10019:2008 specifies the colour of all scuba cylinders as Golden yellow with French gray shoulder. This applies to all underwater breathing gases except medical oxygen, which must be carried in cylinders that are Black with a White shoulder. Nitrox cylinders must be

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Meanwhile, diving stores were finding a purely economic reason to offer nitrox: not only was an entire new course and certification needed to use it, but instead of cheap or free tank fills with compressed air, dive shops found they could charge premium amounts of money for custom-gas blending of

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was the first UK recreational diving training agency to acknowledge and endorse the Nitrox training their members had undertaken with one of the tech agencies. The SAA's first recreational Nitrox qualification was issued in April 1993. The SAA's first Nitrox instructor was Vic Bonfante and he was

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editor Bill Gleason dubbed nitrox the "Voodoo Gas". The annual DEMA show (held in Houston, Texas that year) banned nitrox training providers from the show. This caused a backlash, and when DEMA relented, a number of organizations took the opportunity to present nitrox workshops outside the show.

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Of the three commonly applied methods of producing enriched air mixes – continuous blending, partial pressure blending, and membrane separation systems – only partial pressure blending would require the valve and cylinder components to be oxygen cleaned for mixtures with less than 40% oxygen. The

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Among recreational training agencies, only ANDI subscribes to the guideline of requiring oxygen cleaning for equipment used with more than 23% oxygen fraction. The USCG, NOAA, U.S. Navy, OSHA, and the other recreational training agencies accept the limit as 40% as no accident or incident has been

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Further studies with a number of different dive profiles, and also different levels of exertion, would be necessary to fully investigate this issue. For example, there is much better scientific evidence that breathing high-oxygen gases increases exercise tolerance, during aerobic exertion. Though

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There is anecdotal evidence that the use of nitrox reduces post-dive fatigue, particularly in older and or obese divers; however a double-blind study to test this found no statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue. There was, however, some suggestion that post-dive fatigue is due to

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Much of the confusion appears to be a result of misapplying PVHO (pressure vessel for human occupancy) guidelines which prescribe a maximum ambient oxygen content of 25% when a human is sealed into a pressure vessel (chamber). The concern here is for a fire hazard to a living person who could be

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Any gas which contains a significantly larger percentage of oxygen than air is a fire hazard, and such gases can react with hydrocarbons or lubricants and sealing materials inside the filling system to produce toxic gases, even if a fire is not apparent. Some organisations exempt equipment from

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Partial pressure blending using pure oxygen decanted into the cylinder before topping up with air may involve very high oxygen fractions and oxygen partial pressures during the decanting process, which constitute a relatively high fire hazard. This procedure requires care and precautions by the

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In 1999, a survey by R.W. Hamilton showed that over hundreds of thousands of nitrox dives, the DCS record is good. Nitrox had become popular with recreational divers, but not used much by commercial divers who tend to use surface supplied breathing apparatus. The OSHA accepted a petition for a

977:. If the internal pressure exceeds the mechanical limitations of the cylinder and there are no means to safely vent the pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the vessel will fail mechanically. If the vessel contents are ignitable or a contaminant is present this event may result in a "fireball". 664:

The composition of a nitrox mix can be optimized for a given planned dive profile. This is termed "Best mix", for the dive, and provides the maximum no-decompression time compatible with acceptable oxygen exposure. An acceptable maximum partial pressure of oxygen is selected based on depth and

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for that mix, and the signature of the receiving diver, who should have personally measured the oxygen fraction before taking delivery. All of these steps reduce risk but increase complexity of operations as each diver must use the specific cylinder they have checked out. In South Africa, the

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operator, and decanting equipment and cylinders which are clean for oxygen service, but the equipment is relatively simple and inexpensive. Partial pressure blending using pure oxygen is often used to provide nitrox on live-aboard dive boats, but it is also used in some dive shops and clubs.

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concentrations between 22% and 50% that meet their gas quality and handling specifications, and specifically claim that these mixtures are safer than normally produced breathing air for the end user not envolved to the mix production which. Considering the complexities and hazards of mixing,

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The term Oxygen Enriched Air (OEN) was accepted by the (American) scientific diving community, but although it is probably the most unambiguous and simply descriptive term yet proposed, it was resisted by the recreational diving community, sometimes in favour of less appropriate terminology.

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to reduce the proportion of nitrogen in the breathing gas mixture. The main benefit is reduced decompression risk. To a considerably lesser extent it is also used in surface supplied diving, where the logistics are relatively complex, similar to the use of other diving gas mixtures like

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Mixing by mass fraction: oxygen and air or nitrogen are added to a cylinder that is accurately weighed until the required mix is achieved. This method requires fairly large and highly accurate scales, otherwise it is similar to partial pressure blending, but insensitive to temperature

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material of the gases at near-ambient temperatures. Specific adsorbent materials are used as a trap, preferentially adsorbing the target gases at high pressure. The process then swings to low pressure to desorb the adsorbed material and flush the adsorbent container so that it can be

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Maximum Operating Depth (MOD) is the maximum safe depth at which a given nitrox mixture can be used. MOD depends on the allowed partial pressure of oxygen, which is related to exposure time and the acceptable risk assumed for central nervous system oxygen toxicity. Acceptable maximum

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rules for use of nitrox, which are followed by dive resorts around the world, filled nitrox cylinders are signed out personally in a blended gas records book, which contains, for each cylinder and fill, the cylinder number, the measured oxygen fraction by percentage, the calculated

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when referring to specific mixtures such as Nitrox32, which contains 68% nitrogen and 32% oxygen. When one figure is stated, it refers to the oxygen percentage, not the nitrogen percentage. The original convention, Nitrox68/32 became shortened as the first figure is redundant.

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national standard for handling and filling portable cylinders with pressurised gases (SANS 10019) requires that the cylinder be labelled with a sticker identifying the contents as nitrox, and specifying the oxygen fraction. Similar requirements may apply in other countries.

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nitrox to their ordinary, moderately experienced divers. With the new dive computers which could be programmed to allow for the longer bottom-times and shorter residual nitrogen times that nitrox gave, the incentive for the sport diver to use the gas increased.

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Use of nitrox may cause a reduced ventilatory response, and when breathing dense gas at the deeper limits of the usable range, this may result in carbon dioxide retention when exercise levels are high, with an increased risk of loss of consciousness.

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Within the EU, valves with M26x2 outlet thread are recommended for cylinders with increased oxygen content. Regulators for use with these cylinders require compatible connectors, and are not directly connectable with cylinders for compressed air.

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The following references for oxygen cleaning specifically cite the "over 40%" guideline that has been in widespread use since the 1960s, and consensus at the 1992 Enriched Air Workshop was to accept that guideline and continue the status quo.

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In: Lang, MA; Jaap, WC (Ed). Diving for Science…1989. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Annual Scientific Diving Symposium 28 September - 1 October 1989 Wood Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts,

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requires relatively complex equipment, otherwise the advantages are similar to membrane separation. PSA is a technology used to separate gases from a mixture under pressure according to the molecular characteristics and affinity for an

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is known, and the maximum operating depth is not exceeded. Many dive shops, dive operators, and gas blenders (individuals trained to blend gases) require the diver to present a nitrox certification card before selling nitrox to divers.

9469: 1141:), the T being added when the European Association of Technical Divers (EATD) merged with IAND. In the early 1990s, these agencies were teaching nitrox, but the main scuba agencies were not. Additional new organizations, including the 1197:(PADI) announced full educational support for nitrox. While other mainline scuba organizations had announced their support of nitrox earlier, it was PADI's endorsement that established nitrox as a standard recreational diving option. 2610:

In: Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Twelfth Annual Scientific Diving Symposium "Diving for Science 1992". Held September 24–27, 1992 at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington,

383:(Nitrox diver) allows the diver to use a single nitrox gas mixture with 40% or less oxygen by volume on a dive without obligatory decompression. The reason for using nitrox on this type of dive profile can be to extend the 99:, as these advantages are reduced by the more complex logistical requirements for nitrox compared to the use of simple low-pressure compressors for breathing gas supply. Nitrox can also be used in hyperbaric treatment of 640:

as decompression gas, which by virtue of its lower partial pressure of inert gases such as nitrogen and helium, allows for more efficient (faster) elimination of these gases from the tissues than leaner oxygen mixtures.

1180:, called the Bridge, the aquaCorps TEK93 conference was held in San Francisco, and a practicable oil limit of 0.1 mg/m for oxygen compatible air was set. The Canadian armed forces issued EAD tables with an upper PO 463:

In its early days of introduction to non-technical divers, nitrox has occasionally also been known by detractors by less complimentary terms, such as "devil gas" or "voodoo gas" (a term now sometimes used with pride).

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Higher values are used by commercial and military divers in special circumstances, often when the diver uses surface supplied breathing apparatus, or for treatment in a chamber, where the airway is relatively secure.

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Mixing by continuous blending: measured quantities of oxygen are introduced to air and mixed with it before it reaches the compressor inlet. Concentration of oxygen is commonly monitored as partial pressure using an

103:, usually at pressures where pure oxygen would be hazardous. Nitrox is not a safer gas than compressed air in all respects; although its use can reduce the risk of decompression sickness, it increases the risks of 788:. This method is very versatile and requires relatively little additional equipment if a suitable compressor is available, but it is labour-intensive, and high partial pressures of oxygen are relatively hazardous. 438:

may be as supplementary oxygen, added to the inspired air, which would technically be a use of nitrox, blended on site, but this is not normally referred to as such, as the gas provided for the purpose is oxygen.

1112:, formed IAND (International Association of Nitrox Divers) and began teaching nitrox use for recreational diving. This was considered dangerous by some, and met with heavy skepticism by the diving community. 147:

Reducing the proportion of nitrogen by increasing the proportion of oxygen reduces the risk of decompression sickness for the same dive profile, or allows extended dive times without increasing the need for

755:{\displaystyle f_{{\text{O}}_{2},{\text{max}}}={\frac {p_{{\text{O}}_{2},{\text{max}}}}{p}}={\frac {\text{Maximum acceptable partial pressure of oxygen}}{\text{Maximum ambient pressure of the dive}}}} 9483: 2594:

South African National Standard 10019:2021, Transportable containers for compressed, dissolved and liquefied gases - Basic design, manufacture, use and maintenance, Standards South Africa, Pretoria

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South African National Standard 10019:2008, Transportable containers for compressed, dissolved and liquefied gases - Basic design, manufacture, use and maintenance, Standards South Africa, Pretoria

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permeable membrane is used to remove some of the nitrogen molecules from air until the required mix is achieved. The resulting low pressure nitrox is then pumped into cylinders by a compressor.

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gases are breathed during the bottom portion of the dive, a Nitrox mix with 50% or less oxygen called a "travel mix" is sometimes breathed during the beginning of the descent in order to avoid

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handling, analyzing, and using oxygen-enriched air, this name is considered inappropriate by those who consider that it is not inherently "safe", but merely has decompression advantages.

7124: 10200: 6880: 5760: 13229: 9490: 7119: 92:).The two most common recreational diving nitrox mixes are 32% and 36% oxygen, which have maximum operating depths of about 110 feet (34 meters) and 95 feet (29 meters respectively. 2067: 8423: 791:

Pre-mix decanting: the gas supplier provides large cylinders with popular mixes such as 32% and 36%. These may be further diluted with air to provide a larger range of mixtures.

1507: 8349: 68:, nitrox is normally distinguished from air and handled differently. The most common use of nitrox mixtures containing oxygen in higher proportions than atmospheric air is in 9576: 451:

The term "nitrox" was originally used to refer to the breathing gas in a seafloor habitat where the oxygen has to be kept to a lower fraction than in air to avoid long term

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that come into contact with mixes containing higher proportions of oxygen, particularly at high pressure, need special cleaning and servicing to reduce the risk of

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The 2021 revision of SANS 10019 changed the colour specification to Light navy grey for the shoulder, and a different label specification which includes

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Lafère, Pierre; Balestro, Constantino; Hemelryck, Walter; Donda, Nicola; Sakr, Ahmed; Taher, Adel; Marroni, Sandro; Germonpré, Peter (September 2010).

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In 1994, John Lamb and Vandagraph launched the first oxygen analyser built specifically for Nitrox and mixed-gas divers, at the Birmingham Dive Show.

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banned its members from using nitrox during BSAC activities. IAND's name was changed to the International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers (

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control, a vital part of scuba diving in its own right, and a disciplined approach to preparing, planning and executing a dive to ensure that the ppO

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magazine, the leading recreational diving publication at the time, published a three-part series arguing that nitrox was unsafe for sport divers.

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when breathed at high pressures, which does not happen with gases that have greater narcotic potency. However, because of risks associated with

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Nitrox with more than 40% oxygen is uncommon within recreational diving. There are two main reasons for this: the first is that all pieces of

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and 24 msw and the ascents from these depths to the next stop. At 18 m the gas is switched to oxygen for the rest of the treatment.

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started with Nitrox 1 (recreational) and Nitrox 2 (technical). A German ProTec Nitrox manual (ref to the 6th edition) has been published.

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In 1992, the Scuba Diving Resources Group organised a workshop where some guidelines were established, and some misconceptions addressed.

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Training standards for nitrox certification suggest the composition must be verified by the diver by using an oxygen analyzer before use.

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aims for, but the final actual mix may vary from the specification, and so a small flow of gas from the cylinder must be measured with an

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varies depending on factors such as the training agency, the type of dive, the breathing equipment and the level of surface support, with

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A position which it would formally maintain until in 1995 magazine editor Bill Gleason was reported to say that nitrox was "all right".

180:, divers do not usually use nitrox at greater depths where more pronounced narcosis symptoms are more likely to occur. For deep diving, 13219: 13002: 10800: 10519: 9721: 7582: 1173: 110:

Though not generally referred to as nitrox, an oxygen-enriched air mixture is routinely provided at normal surface ambient pressure as

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and perceived fatigue criteria found that diver alertness after a dive on nitrox was significantly better than after an air dive.

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EN144-3:2003 Respiratory protective devices - Gas cylinder valves - Part 3: Outlet connections for diving gases Nitrox and oxygen

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proposed calculations for nitrogen addition to prevent oxygen toxicity in divers utilizing nitrogen–oxygen rebreather diving.

12852: 10834: 10780: 10636: 10052: 8899: 6087: 4651: 2442: 1076:(USN) documented enriched oxygen gas procedures for military use of what we today call nitrox, in the US Navy Diving Manual. 875:

on opposite sides of the cylinder. The fraction of oxygen in the bottle is checked after filling and marked on the cylinder.

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U.S. Coast Guard Oxygen Specifications Title 46: Shipping, revisions through 10-1-92. 197.452 Oxygen Cleaning 46 CFR 197.451

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In 1989, the Harbor Branch Oceanographic institution workshop addressed blending, oxygen limits and decompression issues.

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At times in the geological past, the Earth's atmosphere contained much more than 20% oxygen: e.g. up to 35% in the

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blending. In 1979 NOAA published Wells' procedures for the scientific use of nitrox in the NOAA Diving Manual.

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when breathed at high pressure. For example, the maximum operating depth of nitrox with 36% oxygen, a popular

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Clark, James M; Thom, Stephen R (2003). "Oxygen under pressure". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.).

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Cylinder showing Nitrox band and sticker marked with maximum operating depth (MOD) and oxygen fraction (%O

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planned bottom time, and this value is used to calculate the oxygen content of the best mix for the dive:

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1.6 is allowed for technical diving decompression stops, and is the recommended maximum according to NOAA

10887: 4584: 13378: 13371: 13332: 13264: 12830: 12770: 12446: 12336: 11906: 11876: 11556: 10643: 10290: 9173: 8602: 8183: 7164: 6748: 6230: 6192: 6122: 5294: 5241: 3734: 3192: 2777: 625:. The second reason is that richer mixes extend the time the diver can stay underwater without needing 2006:

In: Diving for Science 2008. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences 27th Symposium

1856: 1843: 214:). Nitrox is not a deep-diving gas mixture owing to the increased proportion of oxygen, which becomes 13164: 12373: 10320: 10236: 9862: 9704: 9689: 9654: 9178: 8940: 8875: 8078: 8052: 7945: 7884: 7544: 6957: 6540: 6530: 6329: 5816: 5681: 5126: 4808: 4756: 4712: 3632: 2604:

Butler, Glen L; Mastro, Steven J; Hulbert, Alan W; Hamilton Jr, Robert W (1992). Cahoon, L.B. (ed.).

819: 413: 9076: 1745:"Dissociation of the behavioral and subjective components of nitrogen narcosis and diver adaptation" 30:

This article is about the nitrogen–oxygen gas mixture. For the method of case hardening metals, see

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ISO 24801 Recreational diving services — Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers

9310: 9225: 9124: 8966: 8786: 8592: 8458: 7529: 7491: 7255: 6177: 6097: 5878: 5555: 5475: 4498: 3919: 3752: 970:

other two methods ensure that the equipment is never subjected to greater than 40% oxygen content.

5455: 2603: 418:

Nitrox50 is used as one of the options in the first stages of therapeutic recompression using the

13204: 13015: 12735: 12601: 12378: 11846: 11676: 11089: 11054: 10700: 9694: 9671: 9448: 9387: 9240: 9190: 8697: 8692: 8657: 8528: 8463: 8258: 8233: 8213: 8068: 7653: 7592: 7554: 7352: 7129: 7034: 6738: 6693: 6673: 6663: 6463: 6272: 5987: 5500: 5460: 5276: 4741: 4707: 4616: 4536: 4435: 4151: 3996: 3851: 3548: 3475: 3443: 3266: 3261: 1515:. Bethesda, Maryland: Naval Medical Research Institute. Archived from the original on May 3, 2013 1317: 1294: 1190:

In 1994, BSAC reversed its policy on Nitrox and announced BSAC nitrox training to start in 1995.

1047: 1016: 806: 595: 495: 231: 96: 2796: 1950:"Measurement of fatigue following 18 msw dry chamber dives breathing air or enriched air nitrox" 12808: 12778: 12606: 12487: 12167: 11806: 11490: 11465: 11069: 10902: 10302: 8990: 8808: 8707: 8647: 8193: 8042: 7874: 7869: 7807: 7320: 7315: 7296: 7225: 7144: 7049: 7029: 6927: 6819: 6380: 6363: 6351: 6324: 6057: 5923: 4834: 4621: 4094: 3819: 3652: 3495: 3448: 3403: 3383: 3101:"Atmospheric oxygen, Giant Paleozoic Insects and the Evolution of Aerial Locomotor Performance" 1447:. Durham, NC: Divers Alert Network. p. 197. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1275: 1267: 1261: 1227:

period. This let animals absorb oxygen more easily and influenced their evolutionary patterns.

560: 384: 367: 181: 142: 134: 85: 81: 9362: 1819: 1812: 157:

predicts a significant risk reduction by using nitrox (more so than the PADI tables suggest).

13254: 12936: 12931: 12690: 12678: 12525: 12239: 11606: 11561: 11345: 11019: 10685: 10514: 10378: 10176: 9163: 9148: 8843: 8833: 8766: 8761: 8617: 8612: 8597: 8559: 8478: 8473: 7812: 7795: 7663: 7658: 7577: 7182: 7089: 6844: 6658: 6346: 6341: 6267: 6162: 6052: 5982: 5843: 5838: 5450: 5323: 4856: 4631: 4455: 4306: 4281: 4231: 4064: 4052: 4040: 3885: 3500: 3490: 3458: 2917: 2734: 2669: 2629: 2494: 2410: 2358: 2279: 2228: 2187: 2094: 2020: 1980: 1775: 1698: 1604: 1134: 1109: 785: 422:

for treatment of vestibular or general decompression sickness. Nitrox is breathed at 30

100: 8178: 2883:

Diver 1995; 40(5) May: 35-36. Reprinted in South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal

1356: 206:

Diving with and handling nitrox raise a number of potentially fatal dangers due to the high

13300: 13290: 13214: 13149: 12582: 12492: 12453: 12408: 12324: 12319: 11786: 11781: 11671: 11546: 11237: 11202: 10690: 10284: 9548: 9325: 9265: 9153: 9006: 8652: 8293: 8218: 8099: 7800: 7760: 7534: 7404: 7364: 6980: 6937: 6922: 6688: 6683: 6441: 6299: 6294: 6127: 6102: 6062: 5445: 5430: 5318: 5078: 5037: 5012: 4861: 4761: 4731: 4370: 4276: 4166: 4011: 3912: 3890: 3863: 3717: 3647: 3575: 3368: 3063: 3001: 1302: 1157: 1080: 603: 536: 470:(ANDI) uses the term "SafeAir", which they define as any oxygen-enriched air mixture with O 388: 138: 8: 13144: 12823: 12520: 12363: 12358: 12172: 12132: 12086: 11991: 11776: 11485: 10917: 10785: 10604: 10182: 9882: 9827: 9813: 9716: 9215: 9158: 9137: 8985: 8771: 8677: 8672: 8032: 7833: 7501: 7447: 7330: 7139: 7024: 6862: 6834: 6727: 6650: 6425: 6373: 6262: 6112: 5898: 5868: 5788: 5676: 5671: 5495: 5470: 5226: 5073: 4967: 4962: 4460: 4246: 4121: 4104: 4099: 4057: 3967: 3431: 1480:"About Enriched Air Nitrox | Diving Frontiers | Balcatta, Perth, Western Australia, 6021" 1326: – Reversible narcotic effects of respiratory nitrogen at elevated partial pressures 1224: 591: 243: 235: 219: 10947: 9392: 9280: 9230: 3100: 3067: 911:

Every nitrox cylinder should also have a sticker stating whether or not the cylinder is

13199: 13045: 12787: 12700: 12572: 12560: 12436: 11881: 11460: 11390: 11227: 11192: 11177: 11149: 11109: 11099: 10744: 10695: 10664: 10326: 10117: 9892: 9877: 9793: 9441: 9255: 9183: 9055: 8803: 8627: 8403: 8338: 8263: 8228: 8223: 8203: 8143: 8083: 7982: 7864: 7648: 7481: 7357: 7094: 6630: 6358: 6319: 6257: 5992: 5735: 5625: 5550: 5480: 5367: 5189: 5068: 4883: 4873: 4675: 4470: 4074: 3485: 3453: 3325: 1527: 1459: 1153:

became the first existing major recreational diver training agency to sanction nitrox.

1073: 626: 572: 547: 512:

1.4 is recommended by several recreational training agencies for ordinary scuba diving.

226:

of no more than 1.4 bar (140 kPa). The exact value of the maximum allowed ppO

149: 5540: 13397: 12838: 12632: 12565: 12555: 12398: 12393: 12348: 12331: 12229: 12076: 12056: 11901: 11871: 11761: 11721: 11701: 11691: 11641: 11626: 11601: 11531: 11455: 11380: 11330: 11129: 11094: 11024: 10969: 10609: 10565: 10463: 9935: 9930: 9872: 9808: 9786: 9761: 9676: 9337: 9210: 9200: 8198: 7906: 7901: 7843: 7790: 7673: 7668: 7539: 7496: 7399: 7269: 7240: 7202: 7149: 6856: 6799: 6794: 6525: 6487: 6385: 6304: 5848: 5833: 5714: 5645: 5620: 5575: 5231: 5119: 5083: 4942: 4893: 4813: 4702: 4636: 4546: 4450: 4340: 4296: 4251: 4241: 4226: 4143: 3907: 3824: 3363: 3246: 3226: 3215: 3123: 3081: 3030: 2898: 2890: 2835: 2715: 2707: 2564:"Tauchen und Normung mit spez. Berücksichtigung der EN144-3 (Nitrox-Gewinde M26 x 2)" 2475: 2438: 2391: 2320: 2310: 2258: 2168: 2160: 2121: 2082: 1961: 1928: 1884: 1874: 1823: 1756: 1723: 1679: 1671: 1663: 1323: 1305: – Method of comparing decompression requirements for air and a given nitrox mix 1090: 868: 653: 576: 352: 166: 65: 12142: 12026: 12021: 11172: 11144: 11124: 11029: 5565: 4181: 1208:

variance from the commercial diving regulations for recreational scuba instructors.

649: 13194: 12913: 12884: 12876: 12314: 11951: 11926: 11891: 11861: 11851: 11771: 11666: 11636: 11571: 11541: 11445: 11430: 11315: 11197: 11114: 11079: 11009: 10912: 10626: 9902: 9897: 9887: 9867: 9781: 9766: 9664: 9377: 9205: 9168: 9011: 8622: 8607: 8153: 8148: 7717: 7643: 7638: 7599: 7587: 7524: 7519: 7284: 7084: 6814: 6804: 6553: 6047: 5873: 5811: 5640: 5545: 5236: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4589: 4516: 4430: 4425: 4186: 4045: 4030: 3934: 3856: 3729: 3627: 3288: 3115: 3071: 2831: 1509:

Recompression treatment tables used throughout the world by government and industry

1506:

Berghage, T.E.; Vorosmarti, J.; Barnard, E.E.P. (July 25, 1978). Miner, W.F (ed.).

1335: 1098: 1079:

In 1955, E. Lanphier described the use of nitrogen–oxygen diving mixtures, and the

974: 637: 618: 556: 207: 77: 73: 6027: 4355: 12685: 12515: 12309: 12106: 12096: 12081: 11976: 11971: 11916: 11896: 11836: 11821: 11811: 11726: 11716: 11711: 11686: 11681: 11656: 11631: 11586: 11516: 11495: 11310: 11290: 11154: 11074: 10907: 9803: 9728: 9305: 9270: 9220: 9065: 9050: 9016: 8920: 8751: 8682: 8667: 8587: 8248: 8109: 7848: 7742: 7737: 7705: 7452: 7442: 7424: 7154: 6769: 6418: 6309: 6220: 6092: 6007: 5967: 5908: 5888: 5600: 5590: 5490: 5465: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5306: 5270: 5058: 4908: 4719: 4697: 4641: 4626: 4599: 4291: 4201: 4001: 3271: 2002:"Measurement of Fatigue following 18 msw Open Water Dives Breathing Air or EAN36" 1329: 1281: 1062: 1040: 838: 630: 552: 532: 483: 452: 215: 201: 104: 9040: 8642: 5510: 357:

Enriched Air Nitrox, nitrox with an oxygen content above 21%, is mainly used in

13040: 12540: 12299: 12234: 12208: 12162: 12071: 12066: 12041: 11981: 11961: 11946: 11936: 11796: 11766: 11696: 11470: 11340: 11335: 11285: 11222: 11084: 11064: 10974: 10937: 10927: 10922: 9641: 9352: 9285: 9275: 9035: 8712: 8702: 8662: 8268: 8243: 8238: 8173: 8163: 8047: 7559: 7486: 7374: 7059: 6613: 6395: 6240: 5615: 5570: 5560: 5389: 5357: 5300: 5042: 5032: 5017: 4987: 4932: 4798: 4561: 4405: 4131: 4109: 4089: 4023: 3952: 3900: 3669: 3642: 3597: 3426: 2302: 1105: 435: 111: 11232: 5435: 927: 924:

Nitrox can be a hazard to the blender and to the user, for different reasons.

13418: 13305: 12987: 12979: 12860: 12535: 12458: 12368: 12193: 12091: 12061: 12046: 12036: 12011: 12001: 11941: 11886: 11866: 11856: 11826: 11801: 11746: 11731: 11591: 11536: 11480: 11450: 11435: 11400: 11360: 11320: 11300: 11295: 11242: 11139: 11119: 11049: 11044: 11004: 9733: 9681: 9569: 9562: 9367: 9357: 9045: 8813: 8776: 8743: 8582: 7785: 7780: 7765: 7347: 7337: 7079: 7003: 6947: 6575: 6433: 6411: 6314: 6289: 6284: 6252: 5635: 5585: 5525: 5520: 5485: 5425: 5420: 5288: 5262: 5204: 5109: 4997: 4531: 4156: 4018: 3947: 3929: 3924: 3895: 3702: 3637: 3622: 3525: 3505: 3358: 3340: 2894: 2711: 2651:"Guide for Oxygen Compatibility Assessments on Oxygen Components and Systems" 2164: 1667: 1237: 1177: 949:

Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.430 (i) – Commercial Diving Operations

888: 611: 53: 4977: 4395: 4236: 2902: 2719: 2324: 2172: 1888: 1855:

Duong, T. et al. (2021) Guide to nitrox diving, Scuba Diving. Available at:

1842:

Duong, T. et al. (2021) Guide to nitrox diving, Scuba Diving. Available at:

1246: – Gas mixture occasionally used by scuba divers for dry-suit inflation 1036: 784:

is decanted into the cylinder and cylinder is "topped up" with air from the

13105: 13067: 12594: 12550: 12255: 12224: 12203: 12177: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12137: 12111: 12031: 11986: 11931: 11911: 11791: 11756: 11741: 11581: 11440: 11415: 11405: 11385: 11365: 11262: 11182: 11104: 11014: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10599: 9953: 9798: 9776: 9738: 9260: 8848: 8823: 8637: 8535: 8511: 8408: 8168: 7992: 7775: 7476: 7464: 7394: 7384: 7369: 7303: 7250: 7192: 7044: 6824: 6279: 6012: 5918: 5863: 5821: 5806: 5709: 5610: 5515: 5440: 5312: 5221: 5209: 5022: 4803: 4781: 4658: 4611: 4541: 4465: 4440: 4191: 3774: 3712: 3692: 3520: 3251: 3150:

Oxygen has the potential to be 1.7 times more narcotic than nitrogen – see

3119: 3085: 2606:"Oxygen safety in the production of enriched air nitrox breathing mixtures" 2479: 2086: 2045: 1965: 1675: 1288: 1054: 1029: 958:

U.S. Navy Oxygen Specifications U.S. MIL-STD-777E (SH) Note K-6-4, Cat. K.6

771: 645: 479: 358: 342:

Enriched Air Nitrox diving tables, showing adjusted no-decompression times.

69: 12745: 4972: 3127: 3076: 3051: 2209:"Use of two primary breathing mixtures for enriched air diving operations" 2042:"Ergogenic Aids: can increasing oxygen levels improve sports performance?" 1760: 1652:"Roles of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in compressed-air narcosis" 13139: 13100: 13022: 12868: 12740: 12668: 12577: 12545: 12530: 12006: 11966: 11841: 11751: 11736: 11661: 11526: 11521: 11475: 11410: 11395: 11370: 11355: 11252: 11187: 11134: 11034: 10942: 10897: 10760: 10583: 9918: 9397: 9382: 9347: 9320: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9195: 8935: 8519: 7977: 7922: 7511: 7414: 7409: 7308: 7291: 7245: 7235: 7159: 7104: 6975: 6917: 6809: 6789: 6779: 6774: 6603: 6565: 6471: 6455: 6235: 6107: 5858: 5693: 5688: 5530: 5352: 5347: 5257: 5063: 5007: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4526: 4415: 4116: 3962: 3939: 3880: 3829: 3762: 3757: 3697: 3659: 3570: 3540: 3515: 3510: 3463: 3348: 3320: 3231: 2756:"Why does Luxfer require cleaning for oxygen concentrations above 23.5%?" 2514: 2395: 1683: 1145:(ANDI) – which invented the term "Safe Air" for marketing purposes – and 937:

oxygen-clean standards if the oxygen fraction is limited to 40% or less.

842:

and to add a temporary label to specify the analysis of the current mix.

796: 607: 568: 80:, thereby extending the practicable underwater dive time by reducing the 4957: 2309:(2nd ed.). Victoria, Australia: J.L. Publications. pp. 403–4. 1625: 1380: 31: 13189: 13184: 13154: 13087: 12900: 12892: 12589: 12116: 11831: 11596: 11420: 11350: 11305: 11280: 11059: 10669: 9958: 9923: 9771: 9555: 9315: 9026: 8904: 8853: 8735: 8687: 8632: 7927: 7770: 7220: 7197: 6784: 6017: 5828: 5661: 5630: 5595: 5580: 5216: 5194: 5166: 5114: 4952: 4849: 4844: 4604: 4521: 4380: 4365: 4006: 3972: 3846: 3841: 3707: 3592: 3398: 3353: 3256: 3241: 599: 1264: – Breathing gas mixture experimentally used for very deep diving 1086:

In the 1960s, A. Galerne used on-line blending for commercial diving.

429: 12794: 12727: 12720: 12051: 11956: 11551: 11375: 11325: 11257: 10932: 9372: 8957: 8730: 8554: 8158: 8027: 7838: 7817: 7434: 7325: 6618: 6448: 5362: 5002: 4829: 4670: 4594: 4566: 4360: 4330: 4286: 4126: 4084: 3957: 3836: 3789: 3674: 3664: 3582: 3378: 2657:. NASA/TM-2007-213740. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1662:(4). Bethesda, Md: Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 391–400. 1255: 824: 3184: 2937: 2822:

Lambertsen, C.J. (1941). "A diving apparatus for life saving work".

2696:"The PADI Enriched Air Diver course and DSAT oxygen exposure limits" 867:

A nitrox cylinder is specially cleaned and identified. According to

13230:

Underwater Archaeology Branch, Naval History & Heritage Command

11618: 10892: 9521: 7972: 7967: 7889: 7342: 7230: 7114: 7099: 6608: 6403: 5666: 5372: 5027: 4791: 4751: 4551: 4271: 3796: 3767: 3617: 3565: 3558: 3553: 1857:

https://www.scubadiving.com/nitrox-scuba-diving-guide-certification

1844:

https://www.scubadiving.com/nitrox-scuba-diving-guide-certification

1332: – Toxic effects of breathing oxygen at high partial pressures 1308: 810: 629:

far further than the duration permitted by the capacity of typical

250: 57: 1284: – Container to supply high pressure breathing gas for divers 1278: – Detection and measurement of components of a breathing gas 1122:

magazine took a stand against nitrox use for recreational diving.

13209: 13030: 12845: 8756: 7549: 6640: 6558: 6202: 6037: 6022: 5997: 5913: 5853: 5382: 5377: 5199: 5088: 4992: 4350: 3801: 3784: 3779: 3587: 3530: 3330: 3026:

Nitrox diver manual - Kursbuch zum Nitroxtauchen für Sporttaucher

1058: 1039:

of Germany tested an injector operated rebreather backpack for a

1032:

made what was possibly the first Nitrox dive using a rebreather.

636:

Use of nitrox mixtures containing 50% to 80% oxygen is common in

269: 8424:

Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage

5720:

Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's underwater swimming

606:

to determine their decompression requirements or may use nitrox

338: 64:

that contains less than 78% nitrogen. In the usual application,

12757: 12752: 6698: 6580: 6042: 6002: 4937: 4903: 4475: 4445: 3393: 3373: 2460:"Compressed breathing air – the potential for evil from within" 2346:. NEDU-RR-01-61. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2300: 1947: 1297: – Technology for splitting specific gases out of mixtures 1270: – Breathing gas consisting of oxygen, helium and nitrogen 1249: 899: 781: 583: 363: 189: 185: 76:

of nitrogen is advantageous in reducing nitrogen uptake in the

61: 8350:

Southern African Underwater and Hyperbaric Medical Association

3024: 2569:(in German). Swiss Cave Diving. pp. 33–36. Archived from 2437:(in German) (2nd ed.). Bielefeld: Delius Klasing Verlag. 2115: 1927:(5th Rev ed.). United States: Saunders Ltd. p. 800. 1722:(5th Rev ed.). United States: Saunders Ltd. p. 304. 12966: 12945: 9577:

The Silent World: A Story of Undersea Discovery and Adventure

7732: 7187: 5131: 4400: 4385: 4375: 4335: 4301: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4196: 1258: – Breathing gas mixture of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen 1243: 1138: 564: 2344:

United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit Technical Report

2065: 1818:(Fourth ed.). United States: Best Publishing. pp. 1649: 41: 4947: 4176: 4171: 928:

Fire and toxic cylinder contamination from oxygen reactions

871:

144-3 the cylinder colour is overall white with the letter

622: 515:

1.5 is allowed for commercial diving in some jurisdictions.

36:

Ferritic nitrocarburizing § Post-oxidation black oxide

8324:

National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology

7125:

Failure of diving equipment other than breathing apparatus

3052:"A new model for atmospheric oxygen over Phanerozoic time" 2648: 2371: 1948:

Harris RJ, Doolette DJ, Wilkinson DC, Williams DJ (2003).

114:

to patients with compromised respiration and circulation.

12961: 12956: 2294: 1505: 832: 423: 12922:

International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office

10403:

International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers

10225:

International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers

5978:

Comando Raggruppamento Subacquei e Incursori Teseo Tesei

3043: 2693: 1592:(2): 87–93. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014 1291: – Producing special gas mixtures to specification 12927:

Submarine Escape and Rescue system (Royal Swedish Navy)

9470:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

7120:

Use of breathing equipment in an underwater environment

2000:

Chapman SD, Plato PA. Brueggeman P, Pollock NW (eds.).

1925:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

1871:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

1742: 1720:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

192:

to reduce the amount of narcotic gases in the mixture.

117: 10796:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

10201:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

8785: 6881:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

5761:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

3300:

Cleaning and disinfection of personal diving equipment

3180:

NASA – Safety Standards for Oxygen and Oxygen Handling

1960:(4). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 285–91. 1873:(5th ed.). United States: Saunders. p. 375. 1083:

method for calculating decompression from air tables.

1044:

of the loop. The DM40 was rated for depths up to 40m.

975:

rises in direct proportion to its absolute temperature

249:

To dive safely with nitrox, the diver must learn good

222:

mix, is 29 metres (95 ft) to ensure a maximum ppO

2378:

Berghage, Thomas E.; McCraken, T.M. (December 1979).

1814:

NOAA Diving Manual: Diving for Science and Technology

1095:

National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

848: 674: 9993:

International Diving Regulators and Certifiers Forum

1755:(1). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 41–9. 1717: 1313:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

1252: – A breathing gas mixed from helium and oxygen 1006:

of oxygen toxicity or decompression sickness. Under

594:

nitrox mixes contain 32% and 36% oxygen, which have

10830:

14th CMAS Underwater Photography World Championship

8334:

Royal Australian Navy School of Underwater Medicine

2854:. United States: US Naval Sea Systems Command. 2006 2120:(in German) (3nd ed.). München: Alpha Verlag. 1922: 780:Mixing by partial pressure: a measured pressure of 430:

Medicine, mountaineering and unpressurised aircraft

272:VENTID-C or sometimes ConVENTID, (which stands for 12407: 10750:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10385:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10189:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10124:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 6869:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 5949: 5756:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 2642: 2340:"An evaluation of the equivalent air depth theory" 1811: 1501: 1499: 1381:"Nitrox Definition & Meaning | YourDictionary" 754: 10543:United States Marine Corps Combatant Diver Course 8454:History of decompression research and development 2700:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal 2153:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal 2059: 1941: 1743:Hamilton K, Laliberté MF, Fowler B (March 1995). 1215:included a chapter intended for Nitrox training. 13416: 12277: 10476:National Speleological Society#Cave Diving Group 10219:International Association for Handicapped Divers 8441: 8414:List of legislation regulating underwater diving 6887:International Association for Handicapped Divers 6629: 4872: 2905:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2788: 2753: 2722:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2649:Rosales KR, Shoffstall MS, Stoltzfus JM (2007). 2398:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2377: 2175:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2089:. Archived from the original on October 2, 2018. 1968:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1338: – Pressure of a component gas in a mixture 1069:Lambertson published a paper on nitrox in 1947. 509:1.2 is often used in closed circuit rebreathers. 45:One type of nitrox cylinder identification label 10791:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 10195:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 10016:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9517:Code of Practice for Scientific Diving (UNESCO) 7629:Association of Diving Contractors International 6875:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 2959: 2957: 2588: 2257:(fourth ed.). Warner, NH: Airspeed Press. 1895: 1862: 1496: 966:trapped in an oxygen-rich burning environment. 13078:Submarine Escape Training Facility (Australia) 10482:National Association of Underwater Instructors 10427:Rebreather Association of International Divers 10421:Professional Technical and Recreational Diving 10409:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 10279:Rebreather Association of International Divers 10273:Professional Technical and Recreational Diving 10261:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 10249:National Association of Underwater Instructors 10171:Association nationale des moniteurs de plongée 7728:List of signs and symptoms of diving disorders 3049: 2942:National Association of Underwater Instructors 2815: 2561: 2515:"Nitrox: How the nitrox membrane system works" 2482:. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009 1195:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 268:Divers trained to use nitrox may memorise the 188:gases are typically used; these gases contain 13260:Neutral buoyancy simulation as a training aid 13011:Russian deep submergence rescue vehicle AS-28 10059:Commercial diver registration in South Africa 9630: 6394: 6068:Namibian Marine Corps Operational Diving Unit 5887: 3200: 2539: 2537: 2535: 2457: 2252: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2044:. Sports Performance Bulletin. Archived from 2033: 1686:. Archived from the original on July 31, 2009 1650:Hesser, CM; Fagraeus, L; Adolfson, J (1978). 1582:"A The state of oxygen-enriched air (nitrox)" 1311: – gas mixture with less than 21% oxygen 745:Maximum acceptable partial pressure of oxygen 478:The constituent gas percentages are what the 373: 238:sometimes being allowed to breathe higher ppO 27:Breathing gas, mixture of nitrogen and oxygen 13160:Finger Lakes Underwater Preserve Association 13036:Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System 10005:International Marine Contractors Association 7634:International Marine Contractors Association 6508:International Marine Contractors Association 4497: 2954: 2747: 2617:. Archived from the original on May 15, 2011 2216:. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013 2140: 2008:. Archived from the original on May 11, 2010 1763:. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011 1736: 1575: 1573: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1565: 1563: 403: 13135:Artificial Reef Society of British Columbia 12628:Environmental impact of recreational diving 10840:Underwater Orienteering World Championships 10415:Professional Diving Instructors Corporation 10267:Professional Diving Instructors Corporation 10159:American Canadian Underwater Certifications 9456:Basic Cave Diving: A Blueprint for Survival 8362:United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit 8329:Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory 8318:European Underwater and Baromedical Society 7213: 6933:Environmental impact of recreational diving 2597: 1617: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1543: 891:for high pressure and oxidising materials. 304: 13351: 13220:Society for Underwater Historical Research 10801:South African Underwater Sports Federation 7583:Testing and inspection of diving cylinders 7439:Hazard identification and risk assessment 3207: 3193: 3022: 2970: 2821: 2655:NASA Johnson Space Center Technical Report 2532: 2241: 2206: 2200: 2113: 1626:"How SAUL relates to the PADI dive tables" 1440: 973:In a fire, the pressure in a gas cylinder 486:, before the cylinder is used underwater. 434:The use of oxygen at high altitudes or as 13086: 12384:Physiological response to water immersion 10448: 10032:World Recreational Scuba Training Council 10011:List of diver certification organizations 9594:List of Divers Alert Network publications 9527:IMCA Code of Practice for Offshore Diving 8344:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society 6198:Underwater Offence (Turkish Armed Forces) 6173:US Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions 3075: 2872: 2870: 2868: 2472:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society 2428: 2426: 2331: 2039: 1868: 1711: 1643: 1176:manufactured the first nitrox-compatible 776:There are several methods of production: 261:Some training agencies, such as PADI and 128: 12290:List of researchers in underwater diving 9999:International Diving Schools Association 9484:The new science of skin and scuba diving 8469:List of researchers in underwater diving 7015:Human factors in diving equipment design 3305:Human factors in diving equipment design 2876: 2694:Richardson, D & Shreeves, K (1996). 1999: 1993: 1540: 898: 602:(140 kPa). Divers may calculate an 551: 337: 40: 12389:Thermal balance of the underwater diver 10520:Navy Diving Salvage and Training Center 10397:Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee 10347:American Academy of Underwater Sciences 10207:Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee 9251:1973 Mount Gambier cave diving accident 8926:International Scuba Diving Hall of Fame 8829:R-2 Mala-class swimmer delivery vehicle 8494:US Navy decompression models and tables 8356:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society 6726: 5787: 4162:Clearance Divers Life Support Equipment 3029:(in German). Alpha-Verlag. p. 52. 2689: 2687: 2685: 2615:American Academy of Underwater Sciences 2380:"Equivalent air depth: fact or fiction" 2271: 2146: 1916: 1805: 1803: 1801: 1799: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1623: 1240: – Gas used for human respiration 955:NOAA Oxygen Specifications (appendix D) 952:OSHA Oxygen Specifications 1910.420 (1) 387:, and for shorter dives, to reduce the 14: 13417: 13275:Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 13006:-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle 12975:-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle 8399:Civil liability in recreational diving 7070:List of diving hazards and precautions 6148:Special Operations Battalion (Croatia) 5137:Underwater acoustic positioning system 4647:High pressure breathing air compressor 3098: 3092: 2930: 2865: 2778:"Incident Insights - Trust But Verify" 2507: 2432: 2423: 1809: 1718:Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (2003). 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1420: 833:Cylinder markings to identify contents 582:containing EAN50 (left side) and pure 12657: 12276: 10866: 10865: 10835:Underwater Hockey World Championships 10781:British Underwater Sports Association 10564: 10563: 10053:Australian Diver Accreditation Scheme 9754: 9629: 9422: 8900:1992 cageless shark-diving expedition 8440: 8387: 7703: 7001: 6725: 6088:Operational Diving Division (SA Navy) 5786: 5164: 4652:Low pressure breathing air compressor 4496: 3286: 3214: 3188: 3050:Berner, R.A.; Canfield, D.E. (1989). 2546: 2337: 2277: 1923:Brubakk, A. O.; T. S. Neuman (2003). 1418: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 505:varies depending on the application: 124:Human physiology of underwater diving 95:Nitrox is used to a lesser extent in 84:requirement, or reducing the risk of 13339: 13111:Submarine Escape Immersion Equipment 12442:Thermodynamic model of decompression 10845:Underwater Rugby World Championships 10458:Cave Divers Association of Australia 10373:American Nitrox Divers International 10231:International Life Saving Federation 10165:American Nitrox Divers International 10130:Performance Freediving International 8312:European Diving Technology Committee 6953:Sinking ships for wreck diving sites 6851:Cave Divers Association of Australia 6571:Remotely operated underwater vehicle 6168:US Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance 5766:Performance Freediving International 4983:Long-Term Mine Reconnaissance System 4899:Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station 3287: 2965:John Lamb - ‘Mr Oxygen’ - dies at 78 2682: 2458:Millar, I.L.; Mouldey, P.G. (2008). 2451: 2107: 1788: 1579: 1143:American Nitrox Divers International 1093:, who was the first director of the 980: 748:Maximum ambient pressure of the dive 541: 468:American Nitrox Divers International 346: 177: 160: 118:Physiological effects under pressure 56:composed (excepting trace gases) of 13296:Helicopter Aircrew Breathing Device 12511:List of diving environments by type 10806:Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu 10315:Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu 10243:National Academy of Scuba Educators 10075:Department of Employment and Labour 9477:Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving 8931:London Diving Chamber Dive Lectures 8105:Effects of drugs on fitness to dive 7704: 7605:Breathing performance of regulators 2986: 2851:US Navy Diving Manual, 6th revision 2842: 2770: 1624:Goldman, Saul (23 September 2013). 24: 13073:Submarine escape training facility 12674:Defense against swimmer incursions 10027:Recreational diver course referral 6943:Scuba diving in the Cayman Islands 6754:Outline of recreational dive sites 6158:Special Warfare Diving and Salvage 5330:Variable weight apnea without fins 3152:relevant narcotic potency of gases 2794: 1397: 1357:"Nitrox definition - GoodDive.com" 849:Regional standards and conventions 195: 25: 13436: 13225:Society for Underwater Technology 8419:Investigation of diving accidents 7002: 6893:Quintana Roo Speleological Survey 6133:Special Boat Squadron (Sri Lanka) 5973:Combat Divers Service (Lithuania) 5142:Underwater acoustic communication 3874:Underwater acoustic communication 3437:Variable buoyancy pressure vessel 3173: 853: 380:Recreational nitrox certification 328:critical flicker fusion frequency 13396: 13384: 13350: 13338: 13327: 13326: 13096:Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus 12422:Bühlmann decompression algorithm 10766:Australian Underwater Federation 10255:Nederlandse Onderwatersport Bond 9423: 8839:Shallow Water Combat Submersible 8003:Swimming-induced pulmonary edema 7880:Inner ear decompression sickness 7460:Hyperbaric evacuation and rescue 6744:Index of recreational dive sites 6083:Naval Special Operations Command 5746:Australian Underwater Federation 2836:10.1001/jama.1941.62820130001015 2562:Beat A. Müller (15 April 2008). 1954:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 1903:"How does nitrox make you feel?" 1749:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 1057:or soon after, British commando 894: 313: 13385: 13180:Naval Air Command Sub Aqua Club 12856:-class deep submergence vehicle 10525:Underwater Escape Training Unit 8306:Diving Medical Advisory Council 8300:Diving Diseases Research Centre 6138:Special Forces Command (Turkey) 3167:would later go into bankruptcy. 3157: 3144: 3108:Journal of Experimental Biology 3016: 2801:Chronology of Diving in Holland 2555: 1849: 1836: 1444:DAN Nitrox Workshop Proceedings 989:Many training agencies such as 878: 394:Advanced nitrox certification ( 10771:British Freediving Association 10488:Technical Diving International 10064:Divers Institute of Technology 9987:European Underwater Federation 9823:Surface-supplied diving skills 8038:Hyperbaric treatment schedules 7998:Salt water aspiration syndrome 7897:High-pressure nervous syndrome 7172:Diver behaviour and competence 7020:Human factors in diving safety 6536:Baited remote underwater video 6369:Underwater search and recovery 6337:Underwater cutting and welding 6143:Special Forces Group (Belgium) 5751:British Freediving Association 5506:Andriy Yevhenovych Khvetkevych 5165: 4725:Electro-galvanic oxygen sensor 4391:Diving Unlimited International 4036:Mechanism of diving regulators 3725:Electro-galvanic oxygen sensor 2464:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 2075:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 1586:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 1472: 1373: 1349: 1147:Technical Diving International 442: 410:Hyperbaric treatment schedules 263:Technical Diving International 13: 1: 12612:Underwater diving environment 12432:Reduced gradient bubble model 12427:Haldane's decompression model 10811:Underwater Society of America 10391:Diving Science and Technology 10297:Scuba Educators International 9491:Professional Diver's Handbook 8799:Advanced SEAL Delivery System 8489:Pearling in Western Australia 8484:Timeline of diving technology 8289:Aerospace Medical Association 8189:Guybon Chesney Castell Damant 8115:Psychological fitness to dive 7988:Instinctive drowning response 7390:Gas blending for scuba diving 6899:Woodville Karst Plain Project 6188:Underwater Demolition Command 6183:Underwater Construction Teams 6073:Naval Diving Unit (Singapore) 6033:Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine 5963:Clearance Diving Branch (RAN) 5929:United States military divers 4889:Continental Shelf Station Two 4664:Gas blending for scuba diving 2879:"BSAC gives the OK to nitrox" 1859:(Accessed: December 3, 2022). 1846:(Accessed: December 3, 2022). 1342: 1161:certified in September 1993. 765: 420:Comex therapeutic table CX 30 301:ascend to a shallower depth. 13175:Nautical Archaeology Society 13170:Nautical Archaeology Program 12998:NATO Submarine Rescue System 12279:Science of underwater diving 12017:Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper 11922:Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger 10776:British Octopush Association 10093:Divers Academy International 10022:Nautical Archaeology Society 9700:Public safety diver training 9686:Occupational diver training 8578:Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont 8443:History of underwater diving 7679:Standard operating procedure 7470:Hierarchy of hazard controls 6503:Helix Energy Solutions Group 6153:Special Service Group (Navy) 6118:Special Air Service Regiment 6078:Naval Service Diving Section 5904:Canadian Armed Forces Divers 5283:Constant weight without fins 3869:Through-water communications 3138: 3023:Hirschmann, Gerhard (2002). 2384:Undersea Biomedical Research 2114:Hirschmann, Gerhard (1996). 1656:Undersea Biomedical Research 1218: 526: 7: 13250:Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory 12696:Underwater domain awareness 12464:Physiology of decompression 11652:Michael Barratt (astronaut) 10470:Global Underwater Explorers 10309:Scuba Schools International 10213:Global Underwater Explorers 10136:Scuba Schools International 10069:Health and Safety Executive 9712:Recreational diver training 8819:Motorised Submersible Canoe 8209:Robert William Hamilton Jr. 8074:Diving Medical Practitioner 8023:Demand valve oxygen therapy 7040:Underwater diving emergency 6646:Mk 1 Underwater Defense Gun 6246:Recreational diver training 5741:Scuba Schools International 4840:Combat rubber raiding craft 4346:Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique 3237:Atmospheric pressure diving 3056:American Journal of Science 1230: 1118:In 1991, Bove, Bennett and 659: 155:Goldman decompression model 10: 13441: 13265:Neutral Buoyancy Simulator 12447:Varying Permeability Model 12337:Underwater computer vision 10644:Underwater target shooting 10291:Scuba Diving International 9651:Competence and assessment 9174:Peter Henry Michael Holmes 7165:Uncontrolled decompression 6749:List of wreck diving sites 6231:Commercial offshore diving 6193:Underwater Demolition Team 6123:Special Actions Detachment 5295:Dynamic apnea without fins 5242:Underwater target shooting 4787:Launch and recovery system 4557:Launch and recovery system 3735:Submersible pressure gauge 2998:www.americandivecenter.com 2797:"1889. Draegerwerk Lübeck" 1484:www.divingfrontiers.com.au 1023: 919: 862: 769: 559:preparing for a mixed-gas 545: 530: 493: 407: 374:Training and certification 350: 242:than those recommended to 199: 164: 132: 121: 29: 13322: 13283: 13238: 13165:Karst Underwater Research 13123: 13058: 12912: 12709: 12664: 12658: 12653: 12620: 12503: 12476: 12374:Equivalent narcotic depth 12347: 12298: 12285: 12272: 12248: 12217: 12186: 12125: 11617: 11504: 11271: 11211: 11163: 10956: 10878: 10874: 10861: 10822: 10730: 10714: 10678: 10652: 10592: 10576: 10572: 10559: 10533: 10505: 10361: 10353:CMAS Scientific Committee 10335: 10321:United Diving Instructors 10237:Israeli Diving Federation 10145: 10106: 10083: 10041: 9971: 9946: 9911: 9863:Advanced Open Water Diver 9855: 9840: 9705:Scientific diver training 9690:Commercial diver training 9655:Competency-based learning 9640: 9636: 9631:Training and registration 9625: 9602: 9586: 9540: 9507: 9433: 9429: 9418: 9239: 9179:Johnson Sea Link accident 9136: 9064: 9025: 8999: 8978: 8956: 8949: 8941:Women Divers Hall of Fame 8913: 8892: 8876:Raid on Alexandria (1941) 8866: 8721: 8568: 8545: 8502: 8449: 8436: 8394: 8383: 8277: 8130: 8123: 8092: 8079:Diving Medical Technician 8061: 8053:Therapeutic recompression 8015: 7958: 7946:Carbon monoxide poisoning 7936: 7915: 7885:Isobaric counterdiffusion 7857: 7826: 7751: 7716: 7712: 7699: 7615: 7568: 7545:Diving systems technician 7510: 7423: 7268: 7058: 7010: 6997: 6966: 6958:Underwater diving on Guam 6908: 6833: 6762: 6734: 6721: 6594: 6541:In-water surface cleaning 6516: 6486: 6330:Archaeology of shipwrecks 6219: 5817:Commercial offshore diver 5799: 5795: 5782: 5728: 5702: 5654: 5398: 5340: 5250: 5177: 5173: 5160: 5102: 5051: 4921: 4822: 4809:Recreational Dive Planner 4757:Built-in breathing system 4740: 4713:Pressure swing adsorption 4575: 4509: 4505: 4492: 4319: 4260: 4142: 4073: 3983: 3810: 3743: 3685: 3633:Lightweight demand helmet 3608: 3539: 3474: 3412: 3339: 3313: 3295: 3282: 3222: 2922:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2739:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2674:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2634:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2499:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2415:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2363:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2255:Oxygen Hacker's Companion 2233:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2192:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2099:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2025:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1985:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1780:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1703:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1609:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1532:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1464:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 820:Pressure swing adsorption 414:Therapeutic recompression 404:Therapeutic recompression 13270:Space Systems Laboratory 11040:Fernando Garfella Palmer 10888:Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro 10439:Technical Extended Range 10433:Trimix Scuba Association 9744:Stress exposure training 9311:Fernando Garfella Palmer 8593:Giovanni Alfonso Borelli 8459:History of Diving Museum 7530:Diver medical technician 7280:Ascending and descending 7256:Non-freezing cold injury 6098:Russian commando frogmen 5879:Underwater archaeologist 4499:Diving support equipment 3920:Emergency locator beacon 3753:Diver propulsion vehicle 1211:The 2001 edition of the 986:may not be practicable. 807:Mixing by gas separation 648:technical diving, where 596:maximum operating depths 305:Carbon dioxide retention 13205:Save Ontario Shipwrecks 13016:Russian submarine AS-34 12736:American submarine NR-1 12602:Recreational dive sites 12379:Maximum operating depth 12126:Writers and journalists 11647:Serena Auñón-Chancellor 11090:Lyuba Ognenova-Marinova 11055:Swietenia Puspa Lestari 10701:Underwater orienteering 9695:Military diver training 9672:Diver training standard 9449:U.S. Navy Diving Manual 9368:Chris and Chrissy Rouse 9191:Gerard Anthony Prangley 8693:Willard Franklyn Searle 8658:Christian J. Lambertsen 8464:History of scuba diving 8388: 8259:Charles Wesley Shilling 8234:Christian J. Lambertsen 8214:Henry Valence Hempleman 8069:Diving Medical Examiner 7654:Emergency response plan 7593:Sustained load cracking 7555:Life support technician 7130:Single point of failure 7035:Scuba diving fatalities 6739:Recreational dive sites 6694:ASM-DT amphibious rifle 6674:AAI underwater revolver 6664:SPP-1 underwater pistol 6273:Underwater construction 5988:Frogman Corps (Denmark) 5501:Elisabeth Kristoffersen 5277:Constant weight bi-fins 4708:Membrane gas separation 4617:Carbon dioxide scrubber 4537:Diving platform (scuba) 4152:Carbon dioxide scrubber 3997:Atmospheric diving suit 3549:Atmospheric diving suit 3444:Diving weighting system 3267:Surface-supplied diving 3262:Surface oriented diving 3099:Dudley, Robert (1998). 2433:Becker, Lothar (2007). 1318:Maximum operating depth 1295:Membrane gas separation 1048:Christian J. Lambertsen 1017:maximum operating depth 496:Maximum operating depth 333: 232:maximum operating depth 97:surface-supplied diving 12607:Underwater environment 12488:Underwater exploration 12418:Decompression models: 11491:John Ernest Williamson 11070:Anna Marguerite McCann 10903:Amelia Behrens-Furniss 10722:Underwater photography 10706:Underwater photography 10593:Snorkeling/breath-hold 10303:Scottish Sub Aqua Club 10098:Norwegian diver school 9722:ISO training standards 8991:Tham Luang cave rescue 8809:Dry Combat Submersible 8708:Pierre-Marie Touboulic 8648:Karl Heinrich Klingert 8194:Kenneth William Donald 8043:In-water recompression 7875:Dysbaric osteonecrosis 7870:Decompression sickness 7808:Compression arthralgia 7321:Decompression practice 7297:Canoe and kayak diving 7226:Decompression sickness 7050:Water surface searches 7030:Safety-critical system 6928:Diving in the Maldives 6820:Underwater photography 6659:Heckler & Koch P11 6381:Underwater videography 6364:Underwater photography 6352:Nondestructive testing 6325:Underwater archaeology 6058:Marine Raider Regiment 5924:Royal Navy ships diver 5682:Shallow-water blackout 4835:Canoe and kayak diving 4622:Cascade filling system 4095:Decompression cylinder 3820:Alternative air source 3653:Standard diving helmet 3496:Decompression cylinder 3120:10.1242/jeb.201.8.1043 3000:. 2002. Archived from 2754:Luxfer gas cylinders. 2305:(October 2005). "28". 2253:Harlow, Vance (2002). 1580:Lang, Michael (2006). 1385:www.yourdictionary.com 1276:Breathing gas analysis 908: 756: 587: 489: 385:no-decompression limit 343: 143:Decompression practice 135:Decompression (diving) 129:Decompression benefits 86:decompression sickness 46: 13255:Neutral buoyancy pool 12937:Submarine rescue ship 12932:McCann Rescue Chamber 12691:Rugged compact camera 12679:Diver detection sonar 12526:Confined water diving 12240:James Joseph Magennis 11877:Michael López-Alegría 11607:Aristotelis Zervoudis 11346:John Christopher Fine 11020:John Christopher Fine 10686:Immersion finswimming 10515:Defence Diving School 10379:British Sub-Aqua Club 10177:British Sub-Aqua Club 9164:Francis P. Hammerberg 8844:Siluro San Bartolomeo 8834:SEAL Delivery Vehicle 8767:Standard diving dress 8613:Charles Anthony Deane 8598:Joseph-Martin Cabirol 8560:Jason deCaires Taylor 8479:Man in the Sea Museum 8474:Lyons Maritime Museum 7813:Decompression illness 7796:Middle ear barotrauma 7664:Diving superintendent 7659:Diving safety officer 7578:Breathing gas quality 7183:Overconfidence effect 6845:British Sub-Aqua Club 6670:Underwater revolvers 6347:Underwater inspection 6342:Underwater demolition 6268:Offshore construction 6163:Tactical Divers Group 6053:Marinejegerkommandoen 5983:Decima Flottiglia MAS 5939:U.S.Navy master diver 5844:Diving superintendent 5839:Diving safety officer 5451:Mandy-Rae Cruickshank 5324:Variable weight apnea 4857:Diving support vessel 4632:Diving air compressor 4307:Standard diving dress 4282:Diving air compressor 4065:Full-face diving mask 4053:Single-hose regulator 4041:Regulator malfunction 3944:Navigation equipment 3886:Diving safety harness 3501:Decompression trapeze 3491:Decompression chamber 3077:10.2475/ajs.289.4.333 2983:Manual, at pages 9-11 2803:. www.divinghelmet.nl 1810:Joiner, J.T. (2001). 1110:diving safety officer 902: 786:diving air compressor 757: 555: 408:Further information: 397:Advanced nitrox diver 341: 280:ars (ringing sound), 101:decompression illness 44: 13301:Scuba diving therapy 13291:Nautilus Productions 13215:Sea Research Society 13150:Divers Alert Network 12583:Torricellian chamber 12493:Deep-sea exploration 12454:Equivalent air depth 12325:Modulated ultrasound 12320:Underwater acoustics 11787:Christopher E. Gerty 11782:Michael L. Gernhardt 11672:Timothy J. Broderick 11547:William Hogarth Main 11238:Jean-Michel Cousteau 11203:Krzysztof Starnawski 10285:Sub-Aqua Association 9549:The Darkness Beckons 9080:diving bell accident 9007:John Day (carpenter) 8529:Queen Anne's Revenge 8294:Divers Alert Network 8219:Leonard Erskine Hill 8100:Atrial septal defect 7801:Pulmonary barotrauma 7761:Alternobaric vertigo 7405:Scuba gas management 7365:Diver communications 6981:Underwater Bike Race 6938:Scuba diving tourism 6923:Diving in East Timor 6689:APS underwater rifle 6684:ADS amphibious rifle 6300:Public safety diving 6295:Potable water diving 6128:Special Boat Service 6103:Sappers Divers Group 6063:Minedykkerkommandoen 5461:Leonardo D'Imporzano 5319:Skandalopetra diving 5079:Hyperbaric stretcher 5038:T1200 Trenching Unit 5013:Sea Dragon-class ROV 4862:HMS Challenger (K07) 4762:Decompression tables 4732:Oxygen compatibility 4167:Cryogenic rebreather 4012:Scuba cylinder valve 3913:Screw gate carabiner 3891:Emergency gas supply 3852:Diver's cutting tool 3718:Helium release valve 3648:Shallow water helmet 3576:Standard diving suit 3422:Buoyancy compensator 3369:Emergency gas supply 2782:Divers Alert Network 2338:Logan, J.A. (1961). 1630:Modern decompression 1303:Equivalent air depth 1158:Sub-Aqua Association 1081:equivalent air depth 672: 610:or a nitrox-capable 604:equivalent air depth 590:The two most common 537:Oxygen compatibility 389:decompression stress 276:ision (blurriness), 139:Decompression theory 72:, where the reduced 13145:Coral Reef Alliance 12521:Benign water diving 12364:Cold shock response 12133:Michael C. Barnette 12087:Douglas H. Wheelock 11992:David Saint-Jacques 11777:Ronald J. Garan Jr. 11486:Michele Westmorland 10786:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 10605:Underwater football 10183:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 9883:Introductory diving 9828:Underwater searches 9814:Diamond Reef System 9717:Introductory diving 9541:General non-fiction 9463:Underwater Handbook 9363:François de Roubaix 9216:Lothar Michael Ward 9159:Victor F. Guiel Jr. 8986:Alpazat cave rescue 8893:Scientific projects 8772:Sub Marine Explorer 8678:Joseph Salim Peress 8673:Ernest William Moir 8033:Hyperbaric medicine 7834:Freediving blackout 7502:Situation awareness 7448:Job safety analysis 7331:Ratio decompression 7140:Cold shock response 7090:Entanglement hazard 7025:Life-support system 6863:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 6728:Recreational diving 6655:Underwater pistols 6549:Cavitation cleaning 6374:Underwater searches 6263:Marine construction 6113:Special Air Service 5899:Army engineer diver 5869:Public safety diver 5789:Professional diving 5677:Deep-water blackout 5672:Freediving blackout 5496:Mehgan Heaney-Grier 5227:Underwater football 5074:Hyperbaric lifeboat 4968:Goldfish-class ROUV 4963:Global Explorer ROV 4925:underwater vehicles 4461:Shearwater Research 4122:Scuba configuration 4105:Manifolded twin set 4100:Independent doubles 4058:Twin-hose regulator 3968:Surface marker buoy 3068:1989AmJS..289..333B 2981:Nitrox Gas Blending 2207:Mastro, SJ (1989). 2147:Elliott, D (1996). 2117:Nitrox Diver Manual 1441:Lang, M.A. (2001). 1225:Upper Carboniferous 627:decompression stops 592:recreational diving 326:A 2010 study using 244:recreational divers 236:professional divers 220:recreational diving 150:decompression stops 18:Oxygen enriched air 13243:Astronaut training 13200:Rubicon Foundation 13046:URF (Swedish Navy) 12831:Russian submarine 12819:-class submersible 12789:Deepsea Challenger 12774:-class bathyscaphe 12701:Underwater vehicle 12573:Penetration diving 12561:Black-water diving 12437:Thalmann algorithm 12249:Commercial salvors 11882:Joseph B. MacInnis 11391:Joseph B. MacInnis 11228:David Attenborough 11150:Peter Throckmorton 11110:Andreas Rechnitzer 11100:Mendel L. Peterson 10961:archaeologists and 10745:AIDA International 10696:Underwater cycling 10679:Open Circuit Scuba 10665:Apnoea finswimming 10577:Surface snorkeling 10327:YMCA SCUBA Program 10118:AIDA International 9893:Master Scuba Diver 9878:CMAS** scuba diver 9856:Core diving skills 9794:Finning techniques 9660:Refresher training 9442:NOAA Diving Manual 9256:Ricardo Armbruster 9184:Edwin Clayton Link 9056:Natalia Molchanova 8804:Cosmos CE2F series 8762:Porpoise regulator 8628:Auguste Denayrouze 8404:Diving regulations 8339:Rubicon Foundation 8264:Edward D. Thalmann 8229:Felix Hoppe-Seyler 8224:Brian Andrew Hills 8204:John Scott Haldane 8179:Albert A. Bühlmann 8144:Arthur J. Bachrach 8084:Hyperbaric nursing 7983:Immersion diuresis 7865:Avascular necrosis 7649:Diving regulations 7358:Scuba gas planning 6680:Underwater rifles 6359:Underwater logging 6320:Submarine pipeline 6258:Hyperbaric welding 5993:Fuerzas Especiales 5736:AIDA International 5626:Devrim Cenk Ulusoy 5551:Natalia Molchanova 5481:Francisco Ferreras 5368:Snorkel (swimming) 5190:Apnoea finswimming 5094:Reserve gas supply 5069:ENOS Rescue-System 4884:Aquarius Reef Base 4676:Gas reclaim system 4471:Submarine Products 4144:Diving rebreathers 3486:Decompression buoy 3454:Integrated weights 2576:on 6 February 2022 2307:Deeper into Diving 1905:. ScubaBoard. 2007 1213:NOAA Diving Manual 1149:(TDI) were begun. 1074:United States Navy 1072:In the 1950s, the 909: 752: 588: 573:backplate and wing 561:decompression dive 548:Scuba gas planning 344: 47: 13412: 13411: 13318: 13317: 13314: 13313: 13119: 13118: 13054: 13053: 12766:class bathyscaphe 12649: 12648: 12645: 12644: 12641: 12640: 12633:Low impact diving 12566:Blue-water diving 12556:Open-water diving 12472: 12471: 12399:Work of breathing 12394:Underwater vision 12332:Underwater vision 12268: 12267: 12264: 12263: 12230:Ian Edward Fraser 12077:John Morgan Wells 12057:Mark T. Vande Hei 11902:K. Megan McArthur 11872:Kjell N. Lindgren 11807:José M. Hernández 11762:Andrew J. Feustel 11722:Philippe Cousteau 11702:Catherine Coleman 11692:Gregory Chamitoff 11662:Robert L. Behnken 11642:Richard R. Arnold 11627:Andrew Abercromby 11602:Valerie van Heest 11532:Jochen Hasenmayer 11456:Philippe Tailliez 11381:Henry Way Kendall 11331:Bernard Delemotte 11130:Stephanie Schwabe 11095:John Peter Oleson 11025:George R. Fischer 10970:Michael Arbuthnot 10963:environmentalists 10868:Underwater divers 10857: 10856: 10853: 10852: 10610:Underwater hockey 10566:Underwater sports 10555: 10554: 10551: 10550: 10501: 10500: 10497: 10496: 10464:Cave Diving Group 10084:Commercial diving 9967: 9966: 9947:Specialist skills 9936:Master Instructor 9931:Diving instructor 9912:Leadership skills 9873:CMAS* scuba diver 9836: 9835: 9809:Low impact diving 9787:Valsalva maneuver 9762:Combat sidestroke 9677:Diving instructor 9621: 9620: 9617: 9616: 9510:Codes of Practice 9414: 9413: 9410: 9409: 9406: 9405: 9338:Henry Way Kendall 9211:Richard A. Walker 9201:Robert John Smyth 8914:Awards and events 8869:covert operations 8862: 8861: 8432: 8431: 8379: 8378: 8375: 8374: 8371: 8370: 8199:William Paul Fife 8134:diving physiology 8011: 8010: 7954: 7953: 7907:Nitrogen narcosis 7902:Hydrogen narcosis 7791:Dental barotrauma 7695: 7694: 7691: 7690: 7687: 7686: 7674:Operations manual 7669:Diving supervisor 7540:Diving supervisor 7535:Diver's attendant 7497:Safety data sheet 7400:Rebreather diving 7264: 7263: 7203:Willful violation 7150:Nitrogen narcosis 6993: 6992: 6989: 6988: 6857:Cave Diving Group 6800:Rebreather diving 6795:Open-water diving 6717: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6709: 6708: 6526:Abrasive waterjet 6482: 6481: 6386:Underwater survey 6305:Scientific diving 6215: 6214: 6211: 6210: 5849:Diving supervisor 5834:Diving instructor 5778: 5777: 5774: 5773: 5715:Octopus wrestling 5646:Nataliia Zharkova 5621:William Trubridge 5576:Umberto Pelizzari 5232:Underwater hockey 5156: 5155: 5152: 5151: 5120:Saturation spread 4943:Atlantis ROV Team 4923:Remotely operated 4917: 4916: 4894:Helgoland Habitat 4814:Saturation system 4703:Nitrox production 4637:Diving air filter 4488: 4487: 4484: 4483: 4451:Oceanic Worldwide 4341:Aqua Lung America 4315: 4314: 4297:Scuba replacement 4277:Diver's umbilical 4242:Siebe Gorman CDBA 4227:Mark IV Amphibian 3864:Diver's telephone 3825:Octopus regulator 3364:Decompression gas 3247:Saturation diving 3227:Diving activities 3216:Underwater diving 2877:Allen, C (1996). 2830:(13): 1387–1389. 2795:Dekker, David L. 2444:978-3-7688-2420-0 2303:Mitchell, Simon J 2280:"What is SafeAir" 1324:Nitrogen narcosis 981:Incorrect gas mix 750: 749: 746: 737: 730: 716: 698: 684: 542:Choice of mixture 353:Underwater diving 347:Underwater diving 167:Nitrogen narcosis 161:Nitrogen narcosis 66:underwater diving 16:(Redirected from 13432: 13400: 13388: 13387: 13354: 13353: 13342: 13341: 13330: 13329: 13239:Neutral buoyancy 13195:Reef Life Survey 13084: 13083: 13060:Submarine escape 12947:Deep-submergence 12943: 12942: 12914:Submarine rescue 12711:Deep-submergence 12707: 12706: 12655: 12654: 12501: 12500: 12405: 12404: 12315:Neutral buoyancy 12296: 12295: 12274: 12273: 12102:Jeffrey Williams 11952:Nicholas Patrick 11927:Andreas Mogensen 11892:Thomas Marshburn 11862:Dominic Landucci 11852:Karen Kohanowich 11772:Satoshi Furukawa 11667:Randolph Bresnik 11637:Clayton Anderson 11572:Arthur C. Clarke 11542:Jarrod Jablonski 11446:Wesley C. Skiles 11431:Leni Riefenstahl 11316:Jacques Cousteau 11198:Claudia Serpieri 11115:William R. Royal 11080:Charles T. Meide 11010:James P. Delgado 10948:Arne Zetterström 10913:Jacques Cousteau 10876: 10875: 10863: 10862: 10731:Sports governing 10627:Underwater rugby 10574: 10573: 10561: 10560: 10536:training courses 10508:training centres 10446: 10445: 10336:Scientific diver 10042:Commercial diver 10039: 10038: 9977:and registration 9903:Supervised diver 9898:Open Water Diver 9888:Low Impact Diver 9868:Autonomous diver 9853: 9852: 9782:Frenzel maneuver 9767:Diver navigation 9752: 9751: 9665:Skill assessment 9638: 9637: 9627: 9626: 9431: 9430: 9420: 9419: 9393:Esbjörn Svensson 9378:Wesley C. Skiles 9281:Cláudio Coutinho 9231:Arne Zetterström 9206:Albert D. Stover 9169:Craig M. Hoffman 9012:Charles Spalding 8954: 8953: 8783: 8782: 8623:Louis de Corlieu 8608:Jacques Cousteau 8500: 8499: 8438: 8437: 8385: 8384: 8154:Peter B. Bennett 8149:Albert R. Behnke 8128: 8127: 7824: 7823: 7749: 7748: 7714: 7713: 7701: 7700: 7644:Contingency plan 7639:Code of practice 7600:Diving regulator 7588:Hydrostatic test 7525:Chamber operator 7508: 7507: 7285:Emergency ascent 7211: 7210: 7056: 7055: 6999: 6998: 6815:Technical diving 6805:Sidemount diving 6760: 6759: 6723: 6722: 6627: 6626: 6554:Pressure washing 6392: 6391: 6048:Marine Commandos 5947: 5946: 5885: 5884: 5874:Scientific diver 5812:Commercial diver 5797: 5796: 5784: 5783: 5641:Alessia Zecchini 5546:Alexey Molchanov 5456:Yasemin Dalkılıç 5237:Underwater rugby 5175: 5174: 5162: 5161: 5127:Hot water system 5052:Safety equipment 4870: 4869: 4691:Gas storage tube 4686:Gas storage quad 4681:Gas storage bank 4590:Activated carbon 4517:Boarding stirrup 4510:Access equipment 4507: 4506: 4494: 4493: 4431:Johnson Outdoors 4426:HeinrichsWeikamp 4264:diving equipment 4262:Surface-supplied 4187:Halcyon PVR-BASC 4071: 4070: 4046:Regulator freeze 4031:Diving regulator 3935:Shark-proof cage 3730:Pneumofathometer 3628:Free-flow helmet 3311: 3310: 3289:Diving equipment 3284: 3283: 3209: 3202: 3195: 3186: 3185: 3168: 3161: 3155: 3148: 3132: 3131: 3114:(8): 1043–1050. 3105: 3096: 3090: 3089: 3079: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3020: 3014: 3013: 3011: 3009: 2994:"Nitrox History" 2990: 2984: 2974: 2968: 2963:Rosemary E Lunn 2961: 2952: 2951: 2949: 2948: 2934: 2928: 2927: 2921: 2913: 2911: 2910: 2874: 2863: 2862: 2860: 2859: 2846: 2840: 2839: 2819: 2813: 2812: 2810: 2808: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2751: 2745: 2744: 2738: 2730: 2728: 2727: 2691: 2680: 2679: 2673: 2665: 2663: 2662: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2633: 2625: 2623: 2622: 2601: 2595: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2583: 2581: 2575: 2568: 2559: 2553: 2550: 2544: 2541: 2530: 2529: 2527: 2525: 2511: 2505: 2504: 2498: 2490: 2488: 2487: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2430: 2421: 2420: 2414: 2406: 2404: 2403: 2375: 2369: 2368: 2362: 2354: 2352: 2351: 2335: 2329: 2328: 2301:Lippmann, John; 2298: 2292: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2275: 2269: 2268: 2250: 2239: 2238: 2232: 2224: 2222: 2221: 2204: 2198: 2197: 2191: 2183: 2181: 2180: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2135: 2134: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2098: 2090: 2072: 2063: 2057: 2056: 2054: 2053: 2037: 2031: 2030: 2024: 2016: 2014: 2013: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1984: 1976: 1974: 1973: 1945: 1939: 1938: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1911: 1910: 1899: 1893: 1892: 1866: 1860: 1853: 1847: 1840: 1834: 1833: 1817: 1807: 1786: 1785: 1779: 1771: 1769: 1768: 1740: 1734: 1733: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1702: 1694: 1692: 1691: 1647: 1641: 1640: 1638: 1636: 1621: 1615: 1614: 1608: 1600: 1598: 1597: 1577: 1538: 1537: 1531: 1523: 1521: 1520: 1514: 1503: 1494: 1493: 1491: 1490: 1476: 1470: 1469: 1463: 1455: 1453: 1452: 1438: 1395: 1394: 1392: 1391: 1377: 1371: 1370: 1368: 1367: 1361:www.gooddive.com 1353: 1336:Partial pressure 1314: 1108:, a former NOAA 1099:partial pressure 1063:clearance divers 761: 759: 758: 753: 751: 747: 744: 743: 738: 733: 732: 731: 728: 723: 722: 717: 714: 706: 701: 700: 699: 696: 691: 690: 685: 682: 638:technical diving 631:diving cylinders 619:diving equipment 557:Technical divers 399: 398: 382: 381: 208:partial pressure 74:partial pressure 21: 13440: 13439: 13435: 13434: 13433: 13431: 13430: 13429: 13425:Breathing gases 13415: 13414: 13413: 13408: 13310: 13279: 13242: 13240: 13234: 13127: 13125: 13115: 13082: 13050: 12948: 12941: 12908: 12825:Limiting Factor 12712: 12705: 12686:Offshore survey 12660: 12637: 12616: 12516:Altitude diving 12499: 12479: 12468: 12410: 12403: 12350: 12343: 12310:Metre sea water 12301: 12294: 12281: 12260: 12244: 12213: 12182: 12121: 12107:Sunita Williams 12097:Dafydd Williams 12082:Joachim Wendler 11977:Kathleen Rubins 11972:Garrett Reisman 11917:Simone Melchior 11897:Matthias Maurer 11837:Norishige Kanai 11822:Akihiko Hoshide 11812:John Herrington 11727:Timothy Creamer 11717:Fabien Cousteau 11712:Craig B. Cooper 11687:Scott Carpenter 11682:Berry L. Cannon 11657:Robert A. Barth 11632:Joseph M. Acaba 11613: 11587:John Chatterton 11517:Graham Balcombe 11506: 11500: 11496:J. Lamar Worzel 11311:Neville Coleman 11291:Georges Beuchat 11273: 11267: 11215: 11213: 11207: 11165: 11159: 11155:Cristina Zenato 11075:Innes McCartney 10962: 10960: 10958: 10952: 10908:James F. Cahill 10880: 10870: 10849: 10818: 10735:and federations 10734: 10732: 10726: 10710: 10674: 10648: 10588: 10568: 10547: 10535: 10529: 10507: 10493: 10450: 10444: 10365: 10363: 10362:Technical diver 10357: 10339: 10337: 10331: 10151: 10149: 10147: 10141: 10110: 10108: 10102: 10085: 10079: 10045: 10043: 10037: 9978: 9976: 9974: 9963: 9942: 9907: 9847: 9845: 9843: 9832: 9804:Buddy breathing 9750: 9729:Teaching method 9643: 9632: 9613: 9598: 9582: 9536: 9509: 9503: 9425: 9402: 9343:Artur Kozłowski 9306:Maurice Fargues 9271:Berry L. Cannon 9242: 9235: 9226:Bradley Westell 9221:Joachim Wendler 9139: 9132: 9128:diving accident 9120:diving accident 9112:diving accident 9104:diving accident 9102:Stena Seaspread 9096:diving accident 9088:diving accident 9067: 9060: 9051:Nicholas Mevoli 9021: 9017:Ebenezer Watson 8995: 8974: 8945: 8921:Hans Hass Award 8909: 8888: 8883:Rainbow Warrior 8881:Sinking of the 8868: 8858: 8790: 8788: 8781: 8752:Magnesium torch 8723: 8717: 8683:Auguste Piccard 8668:John Lethbridge 8588:Georges Beuchat 8570: 8564: 8547: 8541: 8504: 8498: 8445: 8428: 8390: 8367: 8281: 8279: 8273: 8249:Neal W. Pollock 8135: 8133: 8119: 8110:Fitness to dive 8088: 8057: 8007: 7960: 7950: 7938: 7932: 7911: 7853: 7849:Oxygen toxicity 7822: 7753: 7747: 7738:Motion sickness 7719: 7708: 7706:Diving medicine 7683: 7620: 7618: 7611: 7570: 7564: 7506: 7453:Risk assessment 7443:Hazard analysis 7426: 7419: 7271: 7260: 7209: 7155:Oxygen toxicity 7061: 7054: 7006: 6985: 6968: 6962: 6910: 6904: 6836: 6829: 6770:Altitude diving 6758: 6730: 6705: 6632: 6625: 6596: 6590: 6518: 6512: 6489: 6478: 6390: 6310:Ships husbandry 6222: 6207: 6093:Royal Engineers 6008:Grup Gerak Khas 5968:Commando Hubert 5954: 5952: 5945: 5934:U.S. Navy diver 5909:Clearance diver 5890: 5883: 5791: 5770: 5724: 5698: 5650: 5606:Martin Štěpánek 5601:Aharon Solomons 5591:Stig Severinsen 5541:Stéphane Mifsud 5491:Flavia Eberhard 5466:Flavia Eberhard 5431:Derya Can Göçen 5416:Peppo Biscarini 5411:Simone Arrigoni 5406:Deborah Andollo 5394: 5336: 5307:No-limits apnea 5271:Constant weight 5246: 5169: 5148: 5098: 5059:Diver down flag 5047: 4924: 4913: 4909:Tektite habitat 4875: 4868: 4818: 4743: 4736: 4720:Oxygen analyser 4698:Helium analyzer 4642:Water separator 4600:Molecular sieve 4577: 4571: 4501: 4480: 4323: 4321: 4311: 4263: 4256: 4202:Interspiro DCSC 4138: 4076: 4069: 4002:Diving cylinder 3988: 3986: 3979: 3812: 3806: 3745: 3739: 3686:Instrumentation 3681: 3610: 3604: 3535: 3477: 3470: 3414: 3408: 3335: 3314:Basic equipment 3309: 3291: 3278: 3272:Unmanned diving 3218: 3213: 3176: 3171: 3162: 3158: 3149: 3145: 3141: 3136: 3135: 3103: 3097: 3093: 3048: 3044: 3037: 3021: 3017: 3007: 3005: 2992: 2991: 2987: 2975: 2971: 2962: 2955: 2946: 2944: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2915: 2914: 2908: 2906: 2875: 2866: 2857: 2855: 2848: 2847: 2843: 2820: 2816: 2806: 2804: 2793: 2789: 2776: 2775: 2771: 2761: 2759: 2752: 2748: 2732: 2731: 2725: 2723: 2692: 2683: 2667: 2666: 2660: 2658: 2647: 2643: 2627: 2626: 2620: 2618: 2602: 2598: 2593: 2589: 2579: 2577: 2573: 2566: 2560: 2556: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2533: 2523: 2521: 2513: 2512: 2508: 2492: 2491: 2485: 2483: 2456: 2452: 2445: 2435:Nitrox Handbuch 2431: 2424: 2408: 2407: 2401: 2399: 2376: 2372: 2356: 2355: 2349: 2347: 2336: 2332: 2317: 2299: 2295: 2285: 2283: 2276: 2272: 2265: 2251: 2242: 2226: 2225: 2219: 2217: 2205: 2201: 2185: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2145: 2141: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2112: 2108: 2092: 2091: 2070: 2064: 2060: 2051: 2049: 2040:Owen Anderson. 2038: 2034: 2018: 2017: 2011: 2009: 1998: 1994: 1978: 1977: 1971: 1969: 1946: 1942: 1935: 1921: 1917: 1908: 1906: 1901: 1900: 1896: 1881: 1867: 1863: 1854: 1850: 1841: 1837: 1830: 1808: 1789: 1773: 1772: 1766: 1764: 1741: 1737: 1730: 1716: 1712: 1696: 1695: 1689: 1687: 1648: 1644: 1634: 1632: 1622: 1618: 1602: 1601: 1595: 1593: 1578: 1541: 1525: 1524: 1518: 1516: 1512: 1504: 1497: 1488: 1486: 1478: 1477: 1473: 1457: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1439: 1398: 1389: 1387: 1379: 1378: 1374: 1365: 1363: 1355: 1354: 1350: 1345: 1330:Oxygen toxicity 1312: 1282:Diving cylinder 1238:breathing gases 1233: 1221: 1183: 1041:standard diving 1026: 983: 930: 922: 906: 897: 881: 865: 856: 851: 839:diving cylinder 835: 814: 774: 768: 742: 727: 718: 713: 712: 711: 707: 705: 695: 686: 681: 680: 679: 675: 673: 670: 669: 662: 550: 544: 539: 533:Oxygen cleaning 529: 504: 498: 492: 484:oxygen analyzer 473: 453:oxygen toxicity 445: 432: 416: 406: 396: 395: 379: 378: 376: 355: 349: 336: 316: 307: 256: 241: 229: 225: 213: 204: 202:Oxygen toxicity 198: 196:Oxygen toxicity 178:oxygen toxicity 169: 163: 145: 131: 126: 120: 105:oxygen toxicity 88:(also known as 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13438: 13428: 13427: 13410: 13409: 13407: 13406: 13394: 13382: 13375: 13368: 13360: 13348: 13336: 13323: 13320: 13319: 13316: 13315: 13312: 13311: 13309: 13308: 13303: 13298: 13293: 13287: 13285: 13281: 13280: 13278: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13246: 13244: 13241:facilities for 13236: 13235: 13233: 13232: 13227: 13222: 13217: 13212: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13182: 13177: 13172: 13167: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13147: 13142: 13137: 13131: 13129: 13121: 13120: 13117: 13116: 13114: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13092: 13090: 13081: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13064: 13062: 13056: 13055: 13052: 13051: 13049: 13048: 13043: 13041:Type 7103 DSRV 13038: 13033: 13028: 13020: 13019: 13018: 13013: 13000: 12995: 12994: 12993: 12985: 12969: 12964: 12959: 12953: 12951: 12949:rescue vehicle 12940: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12918: 12916: 12910: 12909: 12907: 12906: 12898: 12890: 12882: 12874: 12866: 12858: 12850: 12843: 12836: 12828: 12821: 12813: 12806: 12799: 12792: 12785: 12784: 12783: 12776: 12768: 12760: 12755: 12750: 12738: 12733: 12725: 12717: 12715: 12704: 12703: 12698: 12693: 12688: 12683: 12682: 12681: 12671: 12665: 12662: 12661: 12651: 12650: 12647: 12646: 12643: 12642: 12639: 12638: 12636: 12635: 12630: 12624: 12622: 12618: 12617: 12615: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12598: 12597: 12592: 12587: 12586: 12585: 12570: 12569: 12568: 12563: 12553: 12548: 12543: 12541:Inshore diving 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12513: 12507: 12505: 12504:Classification 12498: 12497: 12496: 12495: 12484: 12482: 12474: 12473: 12470: 12469: 12467: 12466: 12461: 12456: 12451: 12450: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12415: 12413: 12402: 12401: 12396: 12391: 12386: 12381: 12376: 12371: 12366: 12361: 12355: 12353: 12345: 12344: 12342: 12341: 12340: 12339: 12329: 12328: 12327: 12317: 12312: 12306: 12304: 12293: 12292: 12286: 12283: 12282: 12270: 12269: 12266: 12265: 12262: 12261: 12259: 12258: 12252: 12250: 12246: 12245: 12243: 12242: 12237: 12235:Sydney Knowles 12232: 12227: 12221: 12219: 12215: 12214: 12212: 12211: 12209:John Volanthen 12206: 12201: 12199:Richard Harris 12196: 12190: 12188: 12184: 12183: 12181: 12180: 12175: 12170: 12168:Trevor Jackson 12165: 12163:Hillary Hauser 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12143:Philippe Diolé 12140: 12135: 12129: 12127: 12123: 12122: 12120: 12119: 12114: 12109: 12104: 12099: 12094: 12089: 12084: 12079: 12074: 12072:Shannon Walker 12069: 12067:Rex J. Walheim 12064: 12059: 12054: 12049: 12044: 12042:Daniel M. Tani 12039: 12034: 12029: 12027:Hervé Stevenin 12024: 12022:Robert Sténuit 12019: 12014: 12009: 12004: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11982:Dick Rutkowski 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11962:Thomas Pesquet 11959: 11954: 11949: 11947:Luca Parmitano 11944: 11939: 11937:John D. Olivas 11934: 11929: 11924: 11919: 11914: 11909: 11907:Craig McKinley 11904: 11899: 11894: 11889: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11834: 11829: 11824: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11804: 11799: 11797:Chris Hadfield 11794: 11789: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11767:Michael Fincke 11764: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11697:Steve Chappell 11694: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11674: 11669: 11664: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11639: 11634: 11629: 11623: 11621: 11615: 11614: 11612: 11611: 11610: 11609: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11576: 11575: 11574: 11566: 11565: 11564: 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11539: 11534: 11529: 11524: 11519: 11510: 11508: 11502: 11501: 11499: 11498: 11493: 11488: 11483: 11478: 11473: 11471:Albert Tillman 11468: 11466:Valerie Taylor 11463: 11458: 11453: 11448: 11443: 11438: 11433: 11428: 11423: 11418: 11413: 11408: 11403: 11398: 11393: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11353: 11348: 11343: 11341:Candice Farmer 11338: 11336:David Doubilet 11333: 11328: 11323: 11318: 11313: 11308: 11303: 11298: 11293: 11288: 11286:Tamara Benitez 11283: 11277: 11275: 11269: 11268: 11266: 11265: 11260: 11255: 11250: 11245: 11240: 11235: 11230: 11225: 11223:Samir Alhafith 11219: 11217: 11216:and presenters 11209: 11208: 11206: 11205: 11200: 11195: 11190: 11185: 11180: 11175: 11173:Pascal Bernabé 11169: 11167: 11161: 11160: 11158: 11157: 11152: 11147: 11145:Robert Sténuit 11142: 11137: 11132: 11127: 11125:Gunter Schöbel 11122: 11117: 11112: 11107: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11085:Mark M. Newell 11082: 11077: 11072: 11067: 11065:Robert F. Marx 11062: 11057: 11052: 11047: 11042: 11037: 11032: 11030:Anders Franzén 11027: 11022: 11017: 11012: 11007: 11002: 10997: 10992: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10975:Robert Ballard 10972: 10966: 10964: 10954: 10953: 10951: 10950: 10945: 10940: 10938:Dick Rutkowski 10935: 10930: 10928:Trevor Hampton 10925: 10923:Dottie Frazier 10920: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10900: 10895: 10890: 10884: 10882: 10872: 10871: 10859: 10858: 10855: 10854: 10851: 10850: 10848: 10847: 10842: 10837: 10832: 10826: 10824: 10820: 10819: 10817: 10816: 10815: 10814: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10755: 10754: 10753: 10747: 10741:International 10738: 10736: 10728: 10727: 10725: 10724: 10718: 10716: 10712: 10711: 10709: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10682: 10680: 10676: 10675: 10673: 10672: 10667: 10662: 10656: 10654: 10650: 10649: 10647: 10646: 10641: 10640: 10639: 10634: 10624: 10623: 10622: 10617: 10607: 10602: 10596: 10594: 10590: 10589: 10587: 10586: 10580: 10578: 10570: 10569: 10557: 10556: 10553: 10552: 10549: 10548: 10546: 10545: 10539: 10537: 10534:Military diver 10531: 10530: 10528: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10511: 10509: 10506:Military diver 10503: 10502: 10499: 10498: 10495: 10494: 10492: 10491: 10485: 10479: 10473: 10467: 10461: 10454: 10452: 10443: 10442: 10436: 10430: 10424: 10418: 10412: 10406: 10400: 10394: 10388: 10382: 10376: 10369: 10367: 10359: 10358: 10356: 10355: 10350: 10343: 10341: 10333: 10332: 10330: 10329: 10324: 10318: 10312: 10306: 10300: 10294: 10288: 10282: 10276: 10270: 10264: 10258: 10252: 10246: 10240: 10234: 10228: 10222: 10216: 10210: 10204: 10198: 10192: 10186: 10180: 10174: 10168: 10162: 10155: 10153: 10143: 10142: 10140: 10139: 10133: 10127: 10121: 10114: 10112: 10104: 10103: 10101: 10100: 10095: 10089: 10087: 10081: 10080: 10078: 10077: 10072: 10066: 10061: 10056: 10049: 10047: 10036: 10035: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10013: 10008: 10002: 9996: 9990: 9983: 9981: 9973:Diver training 9969: 9968: 9965: 9964: 9962: 9961: 9956: 9950: 9948: 9944: 9943: 9941: 9940: 9939: 9938: 9928: 9927: 9926: 9915: 9913: 9909: 9908: 9906: 9905: 9900: 9895: 9890: 9885: 9880: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9859: 9857: 9850: 9838: 9837: 9834: 9833: 9831: 9830: 9825: 9820: 9819: 9818: 9817: 9816: 9806: 9796: 9791: 9790: 9789: 9784: 9774: 9769: 9764: 9758: 9756: 9749: 9748: 9747: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9726: 9725: 9724: 9719: 9709: 9708: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9648: 9646: 9634: 9633: 9623: 9622: 9619: 9618: 9615: 9614: 9612: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9600: 9599: 9597: 9596: 9590: 9588: 9584: 9583: 9581: 9580: 9573: 9566: 9559: 9552: 9544: 9542: 9538: 9537: 9535: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9513: 9511: 9505: 9504: 9502: 9501: 9494: 9487: 9480: 9473: 9466: 9459: 9452: 9445: 9437: 9435: 9427: 9426: 9416: 9415: 9412: 9411: 9408: 9407: 9404: 9403: 9401: 9400: 9395: 9390: 9385: 9380: 9375: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9355: 9353:Kirsty MacColl 9350: 9345: 9340: 9335: 9330: 9329: 9328: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9286:E. Yale Dawson 9283: 9278: 9276:Cotton Coulson 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9247: 9245: 9237: 9236: 9234: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9198: 9193: 9188: 9187: 9186: 9176: 9171: 9166: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9145: 9143: 9134: 9133: 9131: 9130: 9122: 9118:Waage Drill II 9114: 9106: 9098: 9090: 9082: 9078:Byford Dolphin 9073: 9071: 9062: 9061: 9059: 9058: 9053: 9048: 9043: 9038: 9036:Stephen Keenan 9032: 9030: 9023: 9022: 9020: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9003: 9001: 8997: 8996: 8994: 8993: 8988: 8982: 8980: 8976: 8975: 8973: 8972: 8967:Sinking of MV 8963: 8961: 8951: 8947: 8946: 8944: 8943: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8917: 8915: 8911: 8910: 8908: 8907: 8902: 8896: 8894: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8886: 8878: 8872: 8870: 8864: 8863: 8860: 8859: 8857: 8856: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8826: 8821: 8816: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8795: 8793: 8780: 8779: 8774: 8769: 8764: 8759: 8754: 8749: 8741: 8733: 8727: 8725: 8719: 8718: 8716: 8715: 8713:Jacques Triger 8710: 8705: 8703:Augustus Siebe 8700: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8663:Yves Le Prieur 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8603:John R. Clarke 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8574: 8572: 8566: 8565: 8563: 8562: 8557: 8551: 8549: 8546:Underwater art 8543: 8542: 8540: 8539: 8532: 8525: 8517: 8508: 8506: 8497: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8466: 8461: 8456: 8450: 8447: 8446: 8434: 8433: 8430: 8429: 8427: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8395: 8392: 8391: 8381: 8380: 8377: 8376: 8373: 8372: 8369: 8368: 8366: 8365: 8359: 8353: 8347: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8315: 8309: 8303: 8297: 8291: 8285: 8283: 8278:Diving medical 8275: 8274: 8272: 8271: 8269:Jacques Triger 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8244:Charles Momsen 8241: 8239:Simon Mitchell 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8184:John R. Clarke 8181: 8176: 8174:Alf O. Brubakk 8171: 8166: 8164:George F. Bond 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8140: 8138: 8132:Researchers in 8125: 8121: 8120: 8118: 8117: 8112: 8107: 8102: 8096: 8094: 8090: 8089: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8065: 8063: 8059: 8058: 8056: 8055: 8050: 8048:Oxygen therapy 8045: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8019: 8017: 8013: 8012: 8009: 8008: 8006: 8005: 8000: 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7964: 7962: 7956: 7955: 7952: 7951: 7949: 7948: 7942: 7940: 7934: 7933: 7931: 7930: 7925: 7919: 7917: 7916:Carbon dioxide 7913: 7912: 7910: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7894: 7893: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7867: 7861: 7859: 7855: 7854: 7852: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7830: 7828: 7821: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7805: 7804: 7803: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7778: 7768: 7763: 7757: 7755: 7746: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7724: 7722: 7710: 7709: 7697: 7696: 7693: 7692: 7689: 7688: 7685: 7684: 7682: 7681: 7676: 7671: 7666: 7661: 7656: 7651: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7631: 7625: 7623: 7613: 7612: 7610: 7609: 7608: 7607: 7597: 7596: 7595: 7590: 7580: 7574: 7572: 7566: 7565: 7563: 7562: 7560:Stand-by diver 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7516: 7514: 7505: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7487:Permit To Work 7484: 7482:Lockout–tagout 7479: 7474: 7473: 7472: 7462: 7457: 7456: 7455: 7450: 7445: 7437: 7431: 7429: 7421: 7420: 7418: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7380:Doing It Right 7377: 7375:Diver training 7372: 7367: 7362: 7361: 7360: 7355: 7353:Rule of thirds 7345: 7340: 7335: 7334: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7313: 7312: 7311: 7301: 7300: 7299: 7289: 7288: 7287: 7276: 7274: 7266: 7265: 7262: 7261: 7259: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7228: 7223: 7217: 7215: 7208: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7200: 7195: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7169: 7168: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7136:Physiological 7134: 7133: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7109: 7108: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7082: 7072: 7066: 7064: 7053: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7017: 7011: 7008: 7007: 6995: 6994: 6991: 6990: 6987: 6986: 6984: 6983: 6978: 6972: 6970: 6964: 6963: 6961: 6960: 6955: 6950: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6930: 6925: 6920: 6914: 6912: 6909:Diving tourism 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6896: 6890: 6884: 6878: 6872: 6866: 6860: 6854: 6848: 6841: 6839: 6831: 6830: 6828: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6766: 6764: 6757: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6735: 6732: 6731: 6719: 6718: 6715: 6714: 6711: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6704: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6678: 6677: 6676: 6668: 6667: 6666: 6661: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6637: 6635: 6624: 6623: 6622: 6621: 6616: 6614:Hawaiian sling 6606: 6600: 6598: 6592: 6591: 6589: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6562: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6522: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6510: 6505: 6500: 6494: 6492: 6484: 6483: 6480: 6479: 6477: 6476: 6469: 6461: 6453: 6446: 6439: 6431: 6423: 6416: 6409: 6400: 6398: 6396:Salvage diving 6389: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6377: 6376: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6355: 6354: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6333: 6332: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6276: 6275: 6270: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6249: 6248: 6241:Diver training 6238: 6233: 6227: 6225: 6217: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5959: 5957: 5944: 5943: 5942: 5941: 5936: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5895: 5893: 5882: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5809: 5803: 5801: 5793: 5792: 5780: 5779: 5776: 5775: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5732: 5730: 5726: 5725: 5723: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5706: 5704: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5696: 5691: 5686: 5685: 5684: 5679: 5669: 5664: 5658: 5656: 5652: 5651: 5649: 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5616:Tanya Streeter 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5571:Herbert Nitsch 5568: 5566:Guillaume Néry 5563: 5561:Patrick Musimu 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5536:Kate Middleton 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5471:Şahika Ercümen 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5402: 5400: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5392: 5390:Water polo cap 5387: 5386: 5385: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5358:Hawaiian sling 5355: 5350: 5344: 5342: 5338: 5337: 5335: 5334: 5333: 5332: 5327: 5321: 5316: 5310: 5304: 5301:Free immersion 5298: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5274: 5265: 5260: 5254: 5252: 5248: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5219: 5214: 5213: 5212: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5181: 5179: 5171: 5170: 5158: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5146: 5145: 5144: 5139: 5129: 5124: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5071: 5066: 5061: 5055: 5053: 5049: 5048: 5046: 5045: 5043:VideoRay UROVs 5040: 5035: 5033:SJT-class ROUV 5030: 5025: 5020: 5018:Seabed tractor 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4988:Mini Rover ROV 4985: 4980: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4933:8A4-class ROUV 4929: 4927: 4919: 4918: 4915: 4914: 4912: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4880: 4878: 4867: 4866: 4865: 4864: 4854: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4826: 4824: 4820: 4819: 4817: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4799:Diving chamber 4796: 4795: 4794: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4748: 4746: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4717: 4716: 4715: 4710: 4700: 4695: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4678: 4673: 4668: 4667: 4666: 4656: 4655: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4629: 4624: 4619: 4614: 4609: 4608: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4585:Air filtration 4581: 4579: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4569: 4564: 4562:Messenger line 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4513: 4511: 4503: 4502: 4490: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4482: 4481: 4479: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4406:Maurice Fernez 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4343: 4338: 4333: 4327: 4325: 4317: 4316: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4268: 4266: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4154: 4148: 4146: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4134: 4132:Sling cylinder 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4113: 4112: 4110:Scuba manifold 4102: 4097: 4092: 4090:Bailout bottle 4081: 4079: 4068: 4067: 4062: 4061: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4049: 4048: 4038: 4028: 4027: 4026: 4024:Reclaim helmet 4016: 4015: 4014: 4009: 3999: 3993: 3991: 3981: 3980: 3978: 3977: 3976: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3953:Diving compass 3950: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3916: 3915: 3905: 3904: 3903: 3901:Bailout bottle 3898: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3877: 3876: 3866: 3861: 3860: 3859: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3827: 3816: 3814: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3793: 3792: 3787: 3777: 3772: 3771: 3770: 3765: 3755: 3749: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3721: 3720: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3689: 3687: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3672: 3670:Full-face mask 3667: 3657: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3643:Reclaim helmet 3640: 3635: 3630: 3620: 3614: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3602: 3601: 3600: 3598:Hot-water suit 3595: 3585: 3580: 3579: 3578: 3573: 3563: 3562: 3561: 3556: 3545: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3534: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3503: 3498: 3493: 3488: 3482: 3480: 3472: 3471: 3469: 3468: 3467: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3441: 3440: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3427:Power inflator 3418: 3416: 3415:trim equipment 3410: 3409: 3407: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3345: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3334: 3333: 3328: 3323: 3317: 3315: 3308: 3307: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3292: 3280: 3279: 3277: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3229: 3223: 3220: 3219: 3212: 3211: 3204: 3197: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3175: 3174:External links 3172: 3170: 3169: 3156: 3142: 3140: 3137: 3134: 3133: 3091: 3062:(4): 333–361. 3042: 3035: 3015: 3004:on 4 July 2009 2985: 2969: 2967:X-Ray Magazine 2953: 2938:"NAUI History" 2929: 2864: 2841: 2814: 2787: 2769: 2746: 2681: 2641: 2596: 2587: 2554: 2545: 2531: 2519:www.nuvair.com 2506: 2450: 2443: 2422: 2370: 2330: 2315: 2293: 2278:Staff (2015). 2270: 2263: 2240: 2199: 2139: 2126: 2106: 2081:(3): 114–118. 2058: 2032: 1992: 1940: 1933: 1915: 1894: 1879: 1861: 1848: 1835: 1828: 1787: 1735: 1728: 1710: 1642: 1616: 1539: 1495: 1471: 1396: 1372: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1339: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1315: 1306: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1285: 1279: 1273: 1272: 1271: 1265: 1259: 1253: 1247: 1232: 1229: 1220: 1217: 1181: 1106:Dick Rutkowski 1025: 1022: 982: 979: 963: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 929: 926: 921: 918: 904: 896: 893: 889:hazard symbols 880: 877: 864: 861: 855: 854:European Union 852: 850: 847: 834: 831: 830: 829: 817: 804: 800: 792: 789: 767: 764: 763: 762: 741: 736: 726: 721: 710: 704: 694: 689: 678: 661: 658: 543: 540: 528: 525: 520: 519: 516: 513: 510: 502: 494:Main article: 491: 488: 471: 444: 441: 436:oxygen therapy 431: 428: 405: 402: 375: 372: 351:Main article: 348: 345: 335: 332: 315: 312: 306: 303: 296:izziness, and 254: 239: 227: 223: 211: 210:of oxygen (ppO 200:Main article: 197: 194: 165:Main article: 162: 159: 130: 127: 119: 116: 112:oxygen therapy 78:body's tissues 52:refers to any 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13437: 13426: 13423: 13422: 13420: 13405: 13404: 13399: 13395: 13393: 13392: 13383: 13381: 13380: 13376: 13374: 13373: 13369: 13367: 13366: 13361: 13359: 13358: 13349: 13347: 13346: 13337: 13335: 13334: 13325: 13324: 13321: 13307: 13306:Seabed mining 13304: 13302: 13299: 13297: 13294: 13292: 13289: 13288: 13286: 13282: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13247: 13245: 13237: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13216: 13213: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13181: 13178: 13176: 13173: 13171: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13153: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13143: 13141: 13138: 13136: 13133: 13132: 13130: 13122: 13112: 13109: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13099: 13097: 13094: 13093: 13091: 13089: 13085: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13065: 13063: 13061: 13057: 13047: 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13026: 13021: 13017: 13014: 13012: 13009: 13008: 13007: 13005: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12992: 12991: 12986: 12984: 12983: 12978: 12977: 12976: 12974: 12970: 12968: 12965: 12963: 12960: 12958: 12955: 12954: 12952: 12950: 12944: 12938: 12935: 12933: 12930: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12919: 12917: 12915: 12911: 12905: 12904: 12899: 12897: 12896: 12891: 12889: 12888: 12883: 12881: 12880: 12875: 12873: 12872: 12867: 12865: 12864: 12859: 12857: 12855: 12851: 12849: 12848: 12844: 12842: 12841: 12837: 12835: 12834: 12829: 12827: 12826: 12822: 12820: 12818: 12814: 12812: 12811: 12807: 12805: 12804: 12800: 12798: 12797: 12793: 12791: 12790: 12786: 12782: 12781: 12777: 12775: 12773: 12769: 12767: 12765: 12761: 12759: 12756: 12754: 12751: 12749: 12748: 12744: 12743: 12742: 12739: 12737: 12734: 12732: 12731: 12726: 12724: 12723: 12719: 12718: 12716: 12714: 12708: 12702: 12699: 12697: 12694: 12692: 12689: 12687: 12684: 12680: 12677: 12676: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12666: 12663: 12656: 12652: 12634: 12631: 12629: 12626: 12625: 12623: 12619: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12596: 12593: 12591: 12588: 12584: 12581: 12580: 12579: 12576: 12575: 12574: 12571: 12567: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12558: 12557: 12554: 12552: 12549: 12547: 12544: 12542: 12539: 12537: 12536:Inland diving 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12508: 12506: 12502: 12494: 12491: 12490: 12489: 12486: 12485: 12483: 12481: 12475: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12459:Oxygen window 12457: 12455: 12452: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12419: 12417: 12416: 12414: 12412: 12409:Decompression 12406: 12400: 12397: 12395: 12392: 12390: 12387: 12385: 12382: 12380: 12377: 12375: 12372: 12370: 12369:Diving reflex 12367: 12365: 12362: 12360: 12357: 12356: 12354: 12352: 12346: 12338: 12335: 12334: 12333: 12330: 12326: 12323: 12322: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12307: 12305: 12303: 12297: 12291: 12288: 12287: 12284: 12280: 12275: 12271: 12257: 12254: 12253: 12251: 12247: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12222: 12220: 12216: 12210: 12207: 12205: 12202: 12200: 12197: 12195: 12194:Craig Challen 12192: 12191: 12189: 12185: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12139: 12136: 12134: 12131: 12130: 12128: 12124: 12118: 12115: 12113: 12110: 12108: 12105: 12103: 12100: 12098: 12095: 12093: 12092:Peggy Whitson 12090: 12088: 12085: 12083: 12080: 12078: 12075: 12073: 12070: 12068: 12065: 12063: 12062:Koichi Wakata 12060: 12058: 12055: 12053: 12050: 12048: 12047:Robert Thirsk 12045: 12043: 12040: 12038: 12037:James Talacek 12035: 12033: 12030: 12028: 12025: 12023: 12020: 12018: 12015: 12013: 12012:Steve Squyres 12010: 12008: 12005: 12003: 12002:Robert Sheats 12000: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11953: 11950: 11948: 11945: 11943: 11942:Takuya Onishi 11940: 11938: 11935: 11933: 11930: 11928: 11925: 11923: 11920: 11918: 11915: 11913: 11910: 11908: 11905: 11903: 11900: 11898: 11895: 11893: 11890: 11888: 11887:Sandra Magnus 11885: 11883: 11880: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11867:Jon Lindbergh 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11857:Timothy Kopra 11855: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11827:Mark Hulsbeck 11825: 11823: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11813: 11810: 11808: 11805: 11803: 11802:Jeremy Hansen 11800: 11798: 11795: 11793: 11790: 11788: 11785: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11770: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11747:Jeanette Epps 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11732:Jonathan Dory 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11678: 11675: 11673: 11670: 11668: 11665: 11663: 11660: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11624: 11622: 11620: 11616: 11608: 11605: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11592:Clive Cussler 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11579: 11577: 11573: 11570: 11569: 11567: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11557:Jack Sheppard 11555: 11553: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11537:Jill Heinerth 11535: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11523: 11520: 11518: 11515: 11514: 11512: 11511: 11509: 11503: 11497: 11494: 11492: 11489: 11487: 11484: 11482: 11481:Stan Waterman 11479: 11477: 11474: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11459: 11457: 11454: 11452: 11451:E. Lee Spence 11449: 11447: 11444: 11442: 11439: 11437: 11436:Peter Scoones 11434: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11414: 11412: 11409: 11407: 11404: 11402: 11401:Agnes Milowka 11399: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11361:Stephen Frink 11359: 11357: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11342: 11339: 11337: 11334: 11332: 11329: 11327: 11324: 11322: 11321:John D. Craig 11319: 11317: 11314: 11312: 11309: 11307: 11304: 11302: 11301:Jonathan Bird 11299: 11297: 11296:Adrian Biddle 11294: 11292: 11289: 11287: 11284: 11282: 11279: 11278: 11276: 11274:photographers 11270: 11264: 11261: 11259: 11256: 11254: 11251: 11249: 11246: 11244: 11243:Richie Kohler 11241: 11239: 11236: 11234: 11231: 11229: 11226: 11224: 11221: 11220: 11218: 11210: 11204: 11201: 11199: 11196: 11194: 11191: 11189: 11186: 11184: 11181: 11179: 11176: 11174: 11171: 11170: 11168: 11162: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11140:E. Lee Spence 11138: 11136: 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11121: 11120:Margaret Rule 11118: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11081: 11078: 11076: 11073: 11071: 11068: 11066: 11063: 11061: 11058: 11056: 11053: 11051: 11050:Graham Jessop 11048: 11046: 11045:David Gibbins 11043: 11041: 11038: 11036: 11033: 11031: 11028: 11026: 11023: 11021: 11018: 11016: 11013: 11011: 11008: 11006: 11005:Eugenie Clark 11003: 11001: 10998: 10996: 10993: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10967: 10965: 10955: 10949: 10946: 10944: 10941: 10939: 10936: 10934: 10931: 10929: 10926: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10899: 10896: 10894: 10891: 10889: 10886: 10885: 10883: 10877: 10873: 10869: 10864: 10860: 10846: 10843: 10841: 10838: 10836: 10833: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10825: 10821: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10758: 10756: 10751: 10748: 10746: 10743: 10742: 10740: 10739: 10737: 10733:organisations 10729: 10723: 10720: 10719: 10717: 10713: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10683: 10681: 10677: 10671: 10668: 10666: 10663: 10661: 10658: 10657: 10655: 10651: 10645: 10642: 10638: 10637:United States 10635: 10633: 10630: 10629: 10628: 10625: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10612: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10597: 10595: 10591: 10585: 10582: 10581: 10579: 10575: 10571: 10567: 10562: 10558: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10532: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10512: 10510: 10504: 10489: 10486: 10483: 10480: 10477: 10474: 10471: 10468: 10465: 10462: 10459: 10456: 10455: 10453: 10447: 10440: 10437: 10434: 10431: 10428: 10425: 10422: 10419: 10416: 10413: 10410: 10407: 10404: 10401: 10398: 10395: 10392: 10389: 10386: 10383: 10380: 10377: 10374: 10371: 10370: 10368: 10364:certification 10360: 10354: 10351: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10342: 10338:certification 10334: 10328: 10325: 10322: 10319: 10316: 10313: 10310: 10307: 10304: 10301: 10298: 10295: 10292: 10289: 10286: 10283: 10280: 10277: 10274: 10271: 10268: 10265: 10262: 10259: 10256: 10253: 10250: 10247: 10244: 10241: 10238: 10235: 10232: 10229: 10226: 10223: 10220: 10217: 10214: 10211: 10208: 10205: 10202: 10199: 10196: 10193: 10190: 10187: 10184: 10181: 10178: 10175: 10172: 10169: 10166: 10163: 10160: 10157: 10156: 10154: 10150:certification 10144: 10137: 10134: 10131: 10128: 10125: 10122: 10119: 10116: 10115: 10113: 10109:certification 10105: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10090: 10088: 10082: 10076: 10073: 10070: 10067: 10065: 10062: 10060: 10057: 10054: 10051: 10050: 10048: 10044:certification 10040: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10017: 10014: 10012: 10009: 10006: 10003: 10000: 9997: 9994: 9991: 9988: 9985: 9984: 9982: 9980: 9979:organisations 9975:certification 9970: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9951: 9949: 9945: 9937: 9934: 9933: 9932: 9929: 9925: 9922: 9921: 9920: 9917: 9916: 9914: 9910: 9904: 9901: 9899: 9896: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9876: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9866: 9864: 9861: 9860: 9858: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846:certification 9839: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9815: 9812: 9811: 9810: 9807: 9805: 9802: 9801: 9800: 9797: 9795: 9792: 9788: 9785: 9783: 9780: 9779: 9778: 9775: 9773: 9770: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9759: 9757: 9753: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9734:Muscle memory 9732: 9731: 9730: 9727: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9715: 9714: 9713: 9710: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9691: 9688: 9687: 9685: 9683: 9682:Diving school 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9652: 9650: 9649: 9647: 9645: 9639: 9635: 9628: 9624: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9605: 9601: 9595: 9592: 9591: 9589: 9585: 9579: 9578: 9574: 9572: 9571: 9570:Shadow Divers 9567: 9565: 9564: 9563:The Last Dive 9560: 9558: 9557: 9553: 9551: 9550: 9546: 9545: 9543: 9539: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9514: 9512: 9508:Standards and 9506: 9500: 9499: 9495: 9493: 9492: 9488: 9486: 9485: 9481: 9479: 9478: 9474: 9472: 9471: 9467: 9465: 9464: 9460: 9458: 9457: 9453: 9451: 9450: 9446: 9444: 9443: 9439: 9438: 9436: 9432: 9428: 9421: 9417: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9386: 9384: 9381: 9379: 9376: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9359: 9358:Agnes Milowka 9356: 9354: 9351: 9349: 9346: 9344: 9341: 9339: 9336: 9334: 9331: 9327: 9324: 9323: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9248: 9246: 9244: 9238: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9185: 9182: 9181: 9180: 9177: 9175: 9172: 9170: 9167: 9165: 9162: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9149:Roger Baldwin 9147: 9146: 9144: 9141: 9135: 9129: 9127: 9123: 9121: 9119: 9115: 9113: 9111: 9107: 9105: 9103: 9099: 9097: 9095: 9091: 9089: 9087: 9083: 9081: 9079: 9075: 9074: 9072: 9069: 9063: 9057: 9054: 9052: 9049: 9047: 9046:Audrey Mestre 9044: 9042: 9039: 9037: 9034: 9033: 9031: 9028: 9024: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9004: 9002: 8998: 8992: 8989: 8987: 8984: 8983: 8981: 8979:Diver rescues 8977: 8971: 8970: 8965: 8964: 8962: 8959: 8955: 8952: 8948: 8942: 8939: 8937: 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8918: 8916: 8912: 8906: 8903: 8901: 8898: 8897: 8895: 8891: 8885: 8884: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8873: 8871: 8865: 8855: 8852: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8815: 8814:Human torpedo 8812: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8794: 8792: 8784: 8778: 8777:Vintage scuba 8775: 8773: 8770: 8768: 8765: 8763: 8760: 8758: 8755: 8753: 8750: 8748: 8747: 8742: 8740: 8739: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8728: 8726: 8720: 8714: 8711: 8709: 8706: 8704: 8701: 8699: 8696: 8694: 8691: 8689: 8686: 8684: 8681: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8583:William Beebe 8581: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8571:and inventors 8567: 8561: 8558: 8556: 8553: 8552: 8550: 8544: 8538: 8537: 8533: 8531: 8530: 8526: 8524: 8523: 8518: 8516: 8515: 8510: 8509: 8507: 8503:Archeological 8501: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8465: 8462: 8460: 8457: 8455: 8452: 8451: 8448: 8444: 8439: 8435: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8396: 8393: 8386: 8382: 8363: 8360: 8357: 8354: 8351: 8348: 8345: 8342: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8319: 8316: 8313: 8310: 8307: 8304: 8301: 8298: 8295: 8292: 8290: 8287: 8286: 8284: 8282:organisations 8276: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8141: 8139: 8137: 8129: 8126: 8122: 8116: 8113: 8111: 8108: 8106: 8103: 8101: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8091: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8066: 8064: 8060: 8054: 8051: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8020: 8018: 8014: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7965: 7963: 7957: 7947: 7944: 7943: 7941: 7937:Breathing gas 7935: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7920: 7918: 7914: 7908: 7905: 7903: 7900: 7898: 7895: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7872: 7871: 7868: 7866: 7863: 7862: 7860: 7856: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7831: 7829: 7825: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7802: 7799: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7786:Barodontalgia 7784: 7782: 7781:Aerosinusitis 7779: 7777: 7774: 7773: 7772: 7769: 7767: 7766:Barostriction 7764: 7762: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7750: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7715: 7711: 7707: 7702: 7698: 7680: 7677: 7675: 7672: 7670: 7667: 7665: 7662: 7660: 7657: 7655: 7652: 7650: 7647: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7635: 7632: 7630: 7627: 7626: 7624: 7622: 7614: 7606: 7603: 7602: 7601: 7598: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7585: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7575: 7573: 7567: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7513: 7509: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7471: 7468: 7467: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7454: 7451: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7440: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7432: 7430: 7428: 7422: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7349: 7348:Dive planning 7346: 7344: 7341: 7339: 7338:Dive briefing 7336: 7332: 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7318: 7317: 7316:Decompression 7314: 7310: 7307: 7306: 7305: 7302: 7298: 7295: 7294: 7293: 7290: 7286: 7283: 7282: 7281: 7278: 7277: 7275: 7273: 7267: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7218: 7216: 7212: 7204: 7201: 7199: 7198:Trait anxiety 7196: 7194: 7191: 7189: 7186: 7184: 7181: 7179: 7175: 7174: 7173: 7170: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7145:Decompression 7143: 7141: 7138: 7137: 7135: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7075:Environmental 7073: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7057: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7016: 7013: 7012: 7009: 7005: 7004:Diving safety 7000: 6996: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6973: 6971: 6969:and festivals 6967:Diving events 6965: 6959: 6956: 6954: 6951: 6949: 6948:Shark tourism 6946: 6944: 6941: 6939: 6936: 6934: 6931: 6929: 6926: 6924: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6907: 6900: 6897: 6894: 6891: 6888: 6885: 6882: 6879: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6858: 6855: 6852: 6849: 6846: 6843: 6842: 6840: 6838: 6837:organisations 6832: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6761: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6736: 6733: 6729: 6724: 6720: 6700: 6697: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6675: 6672: 6671: 6669: 6665: 6662: 6660: 6657: 6656: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6638: 6636: 6634: 6628: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6593: 6587: 6586:Water jetting 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6576:Thermal lance 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6544: 6543: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6523: 6521: 6515: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6491: 6485: 6475: 6474: 6470: 6468: 6467: 6462: 6460: 6459: 6454: 6452: 6451: 6447: 6445: 6444: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6432: 6430: 6429: 6424: 6422: 6421: 6417: 6415: 6414: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6402: 6401: 6399: 6397: 6393: 6387: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6353: 6350: 6349: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6331: 6328: 6327: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6315:Sponge diving 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6290:Police diving 6288: 6286: 6285:Pearl hunting 6283: 6281: 6278: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6253:Hazmat diving 6251: 6247: 6244: 6243: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6228: 6226: 6224: 6218: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6178:US Navy SEALs 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6028:JW Komandosów 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5960: 5958: 5956: 5948: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5931: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5892: 5886: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5814: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5790: 5785: 5781: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5731: 5729:Organisations 5727: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5701: 5695: 5692: 5690: 5687: 5683: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5659: 5657: 5653: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5636:Danai Varveri 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5586:Annelie Pompe 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5526:Audrey Mestre 5524: 5522: 5521:Jacques Mayol 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5486:Pierre Frolla 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5426:Sara Campbell 5424: 5422: 5421:Michael Board 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5403: 5401: 5397: 5391: 5388: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5346: 5345: 5343: 5339: 5331: 5328: 5325: 5322: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5289:Dynamic apnea 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5263:Vertical Blue 5261: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5253: 5249: 5243: 5240: 5238: 5235: 5233: 5230: 5228: 5225: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5207: 5206: 5205:Pearl hunting 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5182: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5163: 5159: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5134: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5112: 5111: 5110:Diving spread 5108: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5072: 5070: 5067: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5054: 5050: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4998:ROV KIEL 6000 4996: 4994: 4991: 4989: 4986: 4984: 4981: 4979: 4976: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4936: 4934: 4931: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4920: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4881: 4879: 4877: 4871: 4863: 4860: 4859: 4858: 4855: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4831: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4821: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4793: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4769: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4742:Decompression 4739: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4723: 4722: 4721: 4718: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4692: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4683: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4660: 4657: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4615: 4613: 4610: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4587: 4586: 4583: 4582: 4580: 4576:Breathing gas 4574: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4532:Diving ladder 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4514: 4512: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4495: 4491: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4356:René Cavalero 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4342: 4339: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4326: 4324:manufacturers 4318: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4259: 4253: 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4157:Carleton CDBA 4155: 4153: 4150: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4111: 4108: 4107: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4098: 4096: 4093: 4091: 4088: 4087: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4072: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4047: 4044: 4043: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4032: 4029: 4025: 4022: 4021: 4020: 4019:Diving helmet 4017: 4013: 4010: 4008: 4005: 4004: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3982: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3948:Distance line 3946: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3930:Safety helmet 3928: 3926: 3925:Rescue tether 3923: 3921: 3918: 3914: 3911: 3910: 3909: 3906: 3902: 3899: 3897: 3896:Bailout block 3894: 3893: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3858: 3857:Diver's knife 3855: 3854: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3831: 3828: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3815: 3809: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3782: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3742: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3726: 3723: 3719: 3716: 3715: 3714: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3703:Dive computer 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3684: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3638:Orinasal mask 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3625: 3624: 3623:Diving helmet 3621: 3619: 3616: 3615: 3613: 3607: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3568: 3567: 3564: 3560: 3557: 3555: 3552: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3538: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3526:Jersey upline 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3506:Dive computer 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3476:Decompression 3473: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3449:Ankle weights 3447: 3446: 3445: 3442: 3438: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3423: 3420: 3419: 3417: 3411: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3359:Breathing air 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3341:Breathing gas 3338: 3332: 3329: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3318: 3316: 3312: 3306: 3303: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3281: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3224: 3221: 3217: 3210: 3205: 3203: 3198: 3196: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3166: 3160: 3153: 3147: 3143: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3102: 3095: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3038: 3036:3-932470-01-X 3032: 3028: 3027: 3019: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2989: 2982: 2978: 2973: 2966: 2960: 2958: 2943: 2939: 2933: 2925: 2919: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2873: 2871: 2869: 2853: 2852: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2818: 2802: 2798: 2791: 2783: 2779: 2773: 2757: 2750: 2742: 2736: 2721: 2717: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2677: 2671: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2637: 2631: 2616: 2612: 2607: 2600: 2591: 2572: 2565: 2558: 2549: 2540: 2538: 2536: 2520: 2516: 2510: 2502: 2496: 2481: 2477: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2454: 2446: 2440: 2436: 2429: 2427: 2418: 2412: 2397: 2393: 2390:(4): 379–84. 2389: 2385: 2381: 2374: 2366: 2360: 2345: 2341: 2334: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2316:0-9752290-1-X 2312: 2308: 2304: 2297: 2281: 2274: 2266: 2264:0-9678873-2-1 2260: 2256: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2236: 2230: 2215: 2210: 2203: 2195: 2189: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2143: 2129: 2127:3-932470-01-X 2123: 2119: 2118: 2110: 2102: 2096: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2069: 2062: 2048:on 2007-09-28 2047: 2043: 2036: 2028: 2022: 2007: 2003: 1996: 1988: 1982: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1944: 1936: 1934:0-7020-2571-2 1930: 1926: 1919: 1904: 1898: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1880:0-7020-2571-2 1876: 1872: 1865: 1858: 1852: 1845: 1839: 1831: 1829:0-941332-70-5 1825: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1783: 1777: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1739: 1731: 1729:0-7020-2571-2 1725: 1721: 1714: 1706: 1700: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1646: 1631: 1627: 1620: 1612: 1606: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1576: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1535: 1529: 1511: 1510: 1502: 1500: 1485: 1481: 1475: 1467: 1461: 1446: 1445: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1403: 1401: 1386: 1382: 1376: 1362: 1358: 1352: 1348: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1239: 1235: 1234: 1228: 1226: 1216: 1214: 1209: 1205: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1193:In 1996, the 1191: 1188: 1185: 1179: 1178:dive computer 1175: 1171: 1166: 1162: 1159: 1156:In 1993, the 1154: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1102: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1087: 1084: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1031: 1021: 1018: 1013: 1009: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 987: 978: 976: 971: 967: 960: 957: 954: 951: 948: 947: 946: 942: 938: 934: 925: 917: 914: 901: 895:United States 892: 890: 885: 876: 874: 870: 860: 846: 843: 840: 826: 821: 818: 812: 808: 805: 801: 798: 793: 790: 787: 783: 779: 778: 777: 773: 739: 734: 724: 719: 708: 702: 692: 687: 676: 668: 667: 666: 657: 655: 651: 647: 642: 639: 634: 632: 628: 624: 620: 615: 613: 612:dive computer 609: 605: 601: 597: 593: 586:(right side). 585: 581: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 549: 538: 534: 524: 517: 514: 511: 508: 507: 506: 497: 487: 485: 481: 476: 469: 465: 461: 457: 454: 449: 440: 437: 427: 425: 421: 415: 411: 401: 392: 390: 386: 371: 369: 365: 360: 354: 340: 331: 329: 324: 320: 314:Other effects 311: 302: 299: 295: 292:rritability, 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 266: 264: 259: 252: 247: 245: 237: 233: 221: 217: 209: 203: 193: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 168: 158: 156: 151: 144: 140: 136: 125: 115: 113: 108: 106: 102: 98: 93: 91: 87: 83: 82:decompression 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 43: 37: 33: 19: 13401: 13389: 13377: 13370: 13362: 13355: 13343: 13331: 13106:Steinke hood 13068:Escape trunk 13024: 13003: 12989: 12981: 12972: 12902: 12894: 12887:Shinkai 6500 12886: 12879:Shinkai 2000 12878: 12870: 12862: 12853: 12846: 12839: 12832: 12824: 12816: 12809: 12802: 12795: 12788: 12779: 12771: 12763: 12746: 12729: 12721: 12595:Wreck diving 12551:Night diving 12480:environments 12256:Keith Jessop 12225:Lionel Crabb 12204:Rick Stanton 12178:John Mattera 12158:Bob Halstead 12153:Bret Gilliam 12148:Gary Gentile 12138:Victor Berge 12112:Reid Wiseman 12032:Nicole Stott 11997:Josef Schmid 11987:Tara Ruttley 11932:Karen Nyberg 11912:Jessica Meir 11792:David Gruber 11757:Albert Falco 11742:Sylvia Earle 11677:Justin Brown 11582:Leigh Bishop 11441:Brian Skerry 11426:Pierre Petit 11416:Steve Parish 11406:Noel Monkman 11386:Rudie Kuiter 11366:Peter Gimbel 11263:Andrew Wight 11183:Mark Ellyatt 11164:Scuba record 11105:Richard Pyle 11015:Sylvia Earle 11000:Cathy Church 10995:Hugh Bradner 10990:Louis Boutan 10985:Mensun Bound 10823:Competitions 10691:Sport diving 10600:Spearfishing 10146:Recreational 9954:Rescue Diver 9842:Recreational 9799:Scuba skills 9777:Ear clearing 9739:Overlearning 9575: 9568: 9561: 9554: 9547: 9496: 9489: 9482: 9475: 9468: 9461: 9454: 9447: 9440: 9424:Publications 9266:David Bright 9261:Allan Bridge 9241:Scuba diving 9154:John Bennett 9138:Professional 9125: 9117: 9109: 9101: 9094:Star Canopus 9093: 9086:Drill Master 9085: 9077: 9041:Loïc Leferme 9000:Early diving 8968: 8882: 8867:Military and 8849:Welfreighter 8824:Necker Nymph 8745: 8737: 8698:Gordon Smith 8653:Peter Kreeft 8643:Émile Gagnan 8638:Henry Fleuss 8536:Whydah Gally 8534: 8527: 8521: 8513: 8409:Duty of care 8254:John Rawlins 8169:Robert Boyle 8136:and medicine 7993:Laryngospasm 7939:contaminants 7776:Air embolism 7743:Surfer's ear 7617:Occupational 7477:Incident pit 7465:Risk control 7395:Night diving 7385:Drift diving 7370:Diver rescue 7304:Buddy diving 7251:Hyperthermia 7214:Consequences 7193:Task loading 7045:Water safety 6825:Wreck diving 6472: 6466:Royal George 6465: 6457: 6449: 6442: 6435: 6427: 6419: 6412: 6405: 6280:Media diving 6013:Jagdkommando 5919:Minentaucher 5864:Police diver 5822:Hazmat diver 5611:Walter Steyn 5556:Dave Mullins 5516:Enzo Maiorca 5511:Loïc Leferme 5476:Emma Farrell 5446:Robert Croft 5441:Carlos Coste 5313:Static apnea 5267:Disciplines 5251:Competitions 5222:Spearfishing 5023:Seafox drone 4804:Diving stage 4782:Clump weight 4659:Gas blending 4627:Diver's pump 4612:Booster pump 4542:Diving stage 4466:Siebe Gorman 4441:Morse Diving 4192:Halcyon RB80 4075:Open-circuit 3775:Diving stage 3713:Diving watch 3693:Bottom timer 3521:Diving stage 3459:Trim weights 3413:Buoyancy and 3388: 3252:Scuba diving 3232:Diving modes 3164: 3159: 3146: 3111: 3107: 3094: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3025: 3018: 3006:. Retrieved 3002:the original 2997: 2988: 2980: 2972: 2945:. Retrieved 2932: 2918:cite journal 2907:. Retrieved 2886: 2882: 2856:. Retrieved 2850: 2844: 2827: 2823: 2817: 2805:. Retrieved 2800: 2790: 2781: 2772: 2760:. Retrieved 2749: 2735:cite journal 2724:. Retrieved 2703: 2699: 2670:cite journal 2659:. Retrieved 2654: 2644: 2630:cite journal 2619:. Retrieved 2609: 2599: 2590: 2578:. Retrieved 2571:the original 2557: 2548: 2522:. Retrieved 2518: 2509: 2495:cite journal 2484:. Retrieved 2467: 2463: 2453: 2434: 2411:cite journal 2400:. Retrieved 2387: 2383: 2373: 2359:cite journal 2348:. Retrieved 2343: 2333: 2306: 2296: 2284:. Retrieved 2273: 2254: 2229:cite journal 2218:. Retrieved 2212: 2202: 2188:cite journal 2177:. Retrieved 2156: 2152: 2142: 2131:. Retrieved 2116: 2109: 2095:cite journal 2078: 2074: 2061: 2050:. Retrieved 2046:the original 2035: 2021:cite journal 2010:. Retrieved 2005: 1995: 1981:cite journal 1970:. Retrieved 1957: 1953: 1943: 1924: 1918: 1907:. 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Retrieved 1360: 1351: 1289:Gas blending 1222: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1199: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1184:of 1.5 ATA. 1169: 1167: 1163: 1155: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1103: 1091:Morgan Wells 1088: 1085: 1078: 1071: 1068: 1055:World War II 1052: 1046: 1034: 1030:Henry Fleuss 1027: 988: 984: 972: 968: 964: 943: 939: 935: 931: 923: 913:oxygen clean 912: 910: 886: 882: 879:South Africa 872: 866: 857: 844: 836: 775: 772:Gas blending 663: 646:open circuit 643: 635: 616: 589: 577:side mounted 521: 499: 477: 466: 462: 458: 450: 446: 433: 417: 393: 377: 359:scuba diving 356: 325: 321: 317: 308: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 267: 260: 248: 205: 170: 146: 109: 94: 89: 70:scuba diving 49: 48: 13140:CMAS Europe 13101:Momsen lung 12741:Bathyscaphe 12669:Bathysphere 12578:Cave diving 12546:Muck diving 12531:Deep diving 12359:Blood shift 12173:Steve Lewis 12007:Dewey Smith 11967:Marc Reagan 11847:Scott Kelly 11842:Les Kaufman 11752:Sheck Exley 11737:Pedro Duque 11527:Martyn Farr 11522:Sheck Exley 11476:John Veltri 11411:Pete Oxford 11396:Luis Marden 11371:Monty Halls 11356:Ric Frazier 11253:Andy Torbet 11233:Ramón Bravo 11188:Sheck Exley 11135:Myriam Seco 11035:Honor Frost 10980:George Bass 10943:Teseo Tesei 10918:Billy Deans 10898:Mary Bonnin 10761:AIDA Hellas 10653:Breath-hold 10584:Finswimming 10340:authorities 10107:Free-diving 10046:authorities 9919:Dive leader 9604:Dive guides 9498:Basic Scuba 9398:Josef Velek 9388:Rob Stewart 9383:Dewey Smith 9348:Yuri Lipski 9321:Steve Irwin 9301:Sheck Exley 9296:Milan Dufek 9291:Deon Dreyer 9196:Per Skipnes 9110:Venture One 8936:NOGI Awards 8548:and artists 7978:Hypothermia 7923:Hypercapnia 7858:Inert gases 7512:Diving team 7415:Wall diving 7410:Solo diving 7309:buddy check 7292:Boat diving 7246:Hypercapnia 7236:Hypothermia 7160:Seasickness 7105:Wave action 6976:Diversnight 6918:Dive center 6810:Solo diving 6790:Muck diving 6780:Deep diving 6775:Cave diving 6763:Specialties 6604:Limpet mine 6566:Lifting bag 6490:contractors 6236:Dive leader 6108:Shayetet 13 5859:Media diver 5800:Occupations 5694:Hypothermia 5689:Hypercapnia 5531:Karol Meyer 5436:Goran Čolak 5353:Diving suit 5348:Diving mask 5258:Nordic Deep 5064:Diving shot 5008:Scorpio ROV 4777:Closed bell 4772:Bell cursor 4767:Diving bell 4527:Diving bell 4416:Oscar Gugen 4117:Pony bottle 3963:Line marker 3940:Snoopy loop 3881:Diving bell 3830:Pony bottle 3763:Closed bell 3758:Diving bell 3698:Depth gauge 3660:Diving mask 3571:Sladen suit 3541:Diving suit 3516:Diving shot 3511:Diving bell 3464:Weight belt 3349:Bailout gas 3321:Diving mask 2580:20 December 2524:29 February 1287:Methods of 1066:the 1960s. 803:variations. 797:oxygen cell 580:stage tanks 575:setup with 571:. Note the 569:Philippines 480:gas blender 443:Terminology 54:gas mixture 32:wikt:nitrox 13365:Dive sites 13190:Reef Check 13185:PADI AWARE 13155:Green Fins 13088:Escape set 12780:Trieste II 12590:Ice diving 12351:physiology 12117:Kimiya Yui 11832:Emma Hwang 11707:Robin Cook 11597:Bill Nagle 11562:Bill Stone 11505:Underwater 11461:Ron Taylor 11421:Zale Parry 11351:Rodney Fox 11306:Eric Cheng 11281:Doug Allan 11272:Underwater 11214:filmmakers 11212:Underwater 11193:Nuno Gomes 11178:Jim Bowden 11060:Pilar Luna 10959:scientists 10957:Underwater 10715:Rebreather 10670:Freediving 9959:Solo diver 9924:Divemaster 9772:Diver trim 9556:Goldfinder 9316:Guy Garman 9243:fatalities 9142:fatalities 9029:fatalities 9027:Freediving 8969:Conception 8905:Mission 31 8854:Wet Nellie 8789:propulsion 8722:Historical 8688:Joe Savoie 8633:Ted Eldred 8618:John Deane 7928:Hypocapnia 7771:Barotrauma 7619:safety and 7492:Redundancy 7427:management 7272:procedures 7221:Barotrauma 7178:competence 7111:Equipment 6785:Ice diving 6631:Underwater 6595:Underwater 6545:Brush cart 6221:Underwater 6018:JW Formoza 5829:Divemaster 5703:Historical 5662:Barotrauma 5631:Fatma Uruk 5596:Tom Sietas 5581:Liv Philip 5399:Freedivers 5217:Snorkeling 5195:Freediving 5178:Activities 5167:Freediving 5115:Air spread 4978:Kaşif ROUV 4953:Deep Drone 4874:Underwater 4850:Subskimmer 4845:Liveaboard 4605:Silica gel 4522:Diver lift 4396:Drägerwerk 4381:Dive Xtras 4366:Cressi-Sub 4007:Burst disc 3985:Underwater 3973:Silt screw 3847:Dive light 3842:Buddy line 3708:Dive timer 3593:Dive skins 3432:Dump valve 3399:Travel gas 3354:Bottom gas 3257:Snorkeling 3242:Freediving 3165:Skin Diver 2947:2015-12-31 2909:2008-05-02 2858:2008-04-24 2807:14 January 2726:2008-05-02 2661:2008-06-05 2621:2011-01-11 2486:2009-02-28 2474:: 145–51. 2402:2008-05-01 2350:2008-05-01 2220:2013-05-16 2179:2008-05-02 2133:2022-04-15 2052:2015-07-27 2012:2009-05-21 1972:2008-05-02 1909:2009-05-21 1767:2009-01-27 1690:2008-04-08 1596:2014-03-21 1519:2015-07-31 1489:2024-09-16 1451:2008-05-02 1390:2024-09-16 1366:2024-09-16 1343:References 1170:Skin Diver 1124:Skin Diver 1120:Skin Diver 770:See also: 766:Production 546:See also: 531:See also: 288:witching, 133:See also: 122:See also: 107:and fire. 13363:Indexes: 12863:Sea Cliff 12796:Ictineu 3 12747:Archimède 12722:Aluminaut 12052:Bill Todd 11957:Tim Peake 11817:Paul Hill 11619:Aquanauts 11552:Tom Mount 11507:explorers 11376:Hans Hass 11326:Ben Cropp 11258:Ivan Tors 11248:Paul Rose 10933:Hans Hass 10881:of diving 10757:National 10660:Aquathlon 10615:Australia 10305:(ScotSAC) 9373:Dave Shaw 9333:Jim Jones 9070:incidents 8960:incidents 8958:Dive boat 8950:Incidents 8731:Aqua-Lung 8724:equipment 8569:Engineers 8555:The Diver 8514:Commodore 8159:Paul Bert 8093:Screening 8062:Personnel 8028:First aid 8016:Treatment 7959:Immersion 7839:Hyperoxia 7818:Dysbarism 7720:disorders 7569:Equipment 7435:Checklist 7326:Pyle stop 6651:Powerhead 6619:Polespear 6519:equipment 6517:Tools and 6450:Mary Rose 6436:Lusitania 6428:Laurentic 5363:Polespear 5341:Equipment 5185:Aquathlon 5003:ROV PHOCA 4973:Kaikō ROV 4830:Dive boat 4823:Platforms 4744:equipment 4671:Gas panel 4595:Hopcalite 4567:Moon pool 4411:Technisub 4361:Cis-Lunar 4331:AP Diving 4322:equipment 4287:Gas panel 4127:Sidemount 4085:Scuba set 3989:apparatus 3987:breathing 3958:Dive reel 3837:Bolt snap 3813:equipment 3790:PowerSwim 3746:equipment 3675:Half mask 3665:Band mask 3611:and masks 3583:Rash vest 3478:equipment 3379:Hydreliox 3139:Footnotes 2895:0813-1988 2762:2 October 2712:0813-1988 2165:0813-1988 1668:0093-5387 1528:cite book 1460:cite book 1256:Hydreliox 1219:In nature 1200:In 1997, 1168:In 1993, 1133:In 1992, 1089:In 1970, 1035:In 1911, 1028:In 1874, 825:adsorbent 527:Equipment 90:the bends 13419:Category 13357:Glossary 13333:Category 13126:interest 12833:Losharik 12810:Jiaolong 12772:Sea Pole 12187:Rescuers 10893:Aquanaut 10879:Pioneers 10632:Colombia 10423:(ProTec) 10366:agencies 10275:(ProTec) 10203:(FFESSM) 10152:agencies 10111:agencies 9644:training 9587:Research 9522:DIN 7876 9126:Wildrake 9066:Offshore 8791:vehicles 8352:(SAUHMA) 8280:research 8124:Research 7973:Drowning 7968:Asphyxia 7890:Taravana 7752:Pressure 7343:Dive log 7231:Drowning 7176:Lack of 7115:Freeflow 7100:Silt out 7095:Overhead 6911:industry 6883:(FFESSM) 6609:Speargun 6420:La Belle 5951:Military 5889:Military 5667:Drowning 5378:Swimfins 5373:Speargun 5084:Jackstay 5028:SeaPerch 4958:Épaulard 4792:Wet bell 4752:Air-lock 4578:handling 4552:Jackstay 4547:Downline 4456:Porpoise 4272:Air line 4232:Porpoise 3908:Lifeline 3797:Towboard 3768:Wet bell 3744:Mobility 3618:Anti-fog 3566:Dry suit 3559:Newtsuit 3554:JIM suit 3086:11539776 2903:16986801 2758:. Luxfer 2720:16986801 2480:22692708 2325:66524750 2173:16986801 2149:"Nitrox" 2087:23111908 1966:14756231 1889:51607923 1309:Lean air 1231:See also 1174:DiveRite 1104:In 1985 811:nitrogen 660:Best mix 644:In deep 251:buoyancy 58:nitrogen 13391:Outline 13345:Commons 13210:SeaKeys 13124:Special 13031:SRV-300 12988:DSRV-2 12980:DSRV-1 12871:Shinkai 12847:Nautile 12764:Harmony 12713:vehicle 12302:physics 12218:Frogmen 11578:Wrecks 11166:holders 10405:(IANTD) 10227:(IANTD) 10197:(FEDAS) 10086:schools 10034:(WRSTC) 9995:(IDRCF) 9434:Manuals 8757:Nikonos 8744:SP-350 8738:Calypso 8522:Monitor 8346:(SPUMS) 7961:related 7844:Hypoxia 7754:related 7550:Gas man 7520:Bellman 7241:Hypoxia 7085:Delta-P 7080:Current 7062:hazards 6877:(FEDAS) 6641:Gyrojet 6633:firearm 6597:weapons 6559:Pigging 6531:Airlift 6458:Monitor 6203:UNGERIN 6038:KOPASKA 6023:JW GROM 5998:Fukuryu 5914:Frogman 5854:Haenyeo 5655:Hazards 5383:Monofin 5200:Haenyeo 5103:General 5089:Jonline 4993:OpenROV 4876:habitat 4351:Beuchat 4182:Dolphin 3802:Wet sub 3785:Monofin 3780:Swimfin 3609:Helmets 3588:Wetsuit 3531:Jonline 3331:Swimfin 3326:Snorkel 3128:9510518 3064:Bibcode 3008:28 July 2286:28 July 1761:7742709 1676:2068005 1059:frogmen 1037:Draeger 1024:History 920:Hazards 863:Germany 828:reused. 654:hypoxia 650:hypoxic 284:ausea, 270:acronym 13403:Portal 13379:Diving 13372:Divers 13128:groups 13025:Remora 12990:Avalon 12982:Mystic 12973:Mystic 12901:DSV-5 12895:Turtle 12854:Pisces 12817:Konsul 12758:FNRS-3 12753:FNRS-2 12621:Impact 12478:Diving 12411:theory 12349:Diving 12300:Diving 11568:Reefs 11513:Caves 10620:Turkey 10484:(NAUI) 10460:(CDAA) 10451:diving 10429:(RAID) 10417:(PDIC) 10411:(PADI) 10399:(FIAS) 10393:(DSAT) 10387:(CMAS) 10381:(BSAC) 10375:(ANDI) 10349:(AAUS) 10317:(TSSF) 10281:(RAID) 10269:(PDIC) 10263:(PADI) 10251:(NAUI) 10245:(NASE) 10239:(TIDF) 10221:(IAHD) 10209:(FIAS) 10191:(CMAS) 10179:(BSAC) 10173:(ANMP) 10167:(ANDI) 10161:(ACUC) 10126:(CMAS) 10120:(AIDA) 10055:(ADAS) 10018:(NOAA) 10007:(IMCA) 10001:(IDSA) 9848:levels 9755:Skills 9140:diving 9068:diving 8746:Denise 8364:(NEDU) 8358:(UHMS) 8320:(EUBS) 8314:(EDTC) 8308:(DMAC) 8302:(DDRC) 7827:Oxygen 7718:Diving 7621:health 7571:safety 7270:Diving 7060:Diving 6901:(WKPP) 6895:(QRSS) 6889:(IAHD) 6871:(CMAS) 6853:(CDAA) 6847:(BSAC) 6699:QBS-06 6581:Tremie 6488:Diving 6413:Kronan 6043:MARCOS 6003:GRUMEC 5953:diving 5891:diving 5279:(CWTB) 4938:ABISMO 4904:SEALAB 4476:Suunto 4446:Nemrod 4421:Heinke 4320:Diving 4292:Hookah 4247:Salvus 3811:Safety 3404:Trimix 3394:Oxygen 3389:Nitrox 3384:Hydrox 3374:Heliox 3126: 3084: 3033: 2901: 2893: 2718: 2710: 2478: 2441: 2396:538866 2394: 2323: 2313: 2282:. ANDI 2261: 2171: 2163: 2124: 2085: 1964: 1931: 1887: 1877: 1826: 1759: 1726: 1684:734806 1682: 1674: 1666: 1268:Trimix 1262:Hydrox 1250:Heliox 1236:Other 1202:ProTec 782:oxygen 608:tables 584:oxygen 368:trimix 364:heliox 190:helium 186:heliox 182:trimix 141:, and 62:oxygen 50:Nitrox 13284:Other 13023:ASRV 12967:MSM-1 12730:Alvin 12659:Other 10490:(TDI) 10478:(CDG) 10472:(GUE) 10466:(CDG) 10441:(TXR) 10435:(TSA) 10323:(UDI) 10311:(SSI) 10299:(SEI) 10293:(SDI) 10287:(SAA) 10257:(NOB) 10233:(ILS) 10215:(GUE) 10185:(CFT) 10148:scuba 10138:(SSI) 10071:(HSE) 9989:(EUF) 9844:scuba 9642:Diver 9326:death 8787:Diver 8505:sites 8296:(DAN) 7733:Cramp 7188:Panic 6865:(CFT) 6859:(CDG) 6835:Diver 6498:COMEX 6406:Egypt 5955:units 5326:(VWT) 5315:(STA) 5309:(NLT) 5303:(FIM) 5297:(DNF) 5291:(DYN) 5285:(CNF) 5273:(CWT) 5132:Sonar 4436:Mares 4401:Fenzy 4386:Divex 4376:DESCO 4371:Dacor 4336:Apeks 4302:Snuba 4217:LAR-V 4212:LAR-6 4207:LAR-5 4197:IDA71 4077:scuba 3104:(PDF) 2889:(3). 2706:(3). 2574:(PDF) 2567:(PDF) 2470:(2). 2159:(3). 2071:(PDF) 1513:(PDF) 1244:Argox 1139:IANTD 1008:IANTD 565:Bohol 216:toxic 13004:Priz 12903:Nemo 12893:DSV 12885:DSV 12877:DSV 12869:DSV 12861:DSV 12803:JAGO 12728:DSV 10449:Cave 10132:(PI) 8520:USS 7425:Risk 6473:Vasa 6464:HMS 6456:USS 6443:Mars 6434:RMS 6223:work 4948:CURV 4252:Siva 4222:LARU 4177:DSEA 4172:CUMA 3124:PMID 3082:PMID 3031:ISBN 3010:2015 2924:link 2899:OCLC 2891:ISSN 2824:JAMA 2809:2017 2764:2018 2741:link 2716:OCLC 2708:ISSN 2676:link 2636:link 2582:2023 2526:2020 2501:link 2476:PMID 2439:ISBN 2417:link 2392:PMID 2365:link 2321:OCLC 2311:ISBN 2288:2016 2259:ISBN 2235:link 2194:link 2169:OCLC 2161:ISSN 2122:ISBN 2101:link 2083:PMID 2027:link 1987:link 1962:PMID 1929:ISBN 1885:OCLC 1875:ISBN 1824:ISBN 1782:link 1757:PMID 1724:ISBN 1705:link 1680:PMID 1672:OCLC 1664:ISSN 1637:2014 1611:link 1534:link 1466:link 1151:NAUI 1135:BSAC 1061:and 1012:ANDI 1010:and 1003:NAUI 1001:and 995:CMAS 991:PADI 837:Any 809:: a 623:fire 535:and 412:and 366:and 334:Uses 230:and 174:HPNS 60:and 34:and 12962:LR7 12957:LR5 12840:Mir 8736:RV 8512:SS 8389:Law 6426:SS 6404:SS 5807:Ama 5710:Ama 5210:Ama 4237:Ray 3116:doi 3112:201 3072:doi 3060:289 2977:TDI 2832:doi 2828:116 2214:USA 1820:660 1053:In 999:SSI 729:max 697:max 600:bar 563:in 501:ppO 490:MOD 424:msw 184:or 13421:: 3122:. 3110:. 3106:. 3080:. 3070:. 3058:. 3054:. 2996:. 2979:, 2956:^ 2940:. 2920:}} 2916:{{ 2897:. 2887:26 2885:. 2881:. 2867:^ 2826:. 2799:. 2780:. 2737:}} 2733:{{ 2714:. 2704:26 2702:. 2698:. 2684:^ 2672:}} 2668:{{ 2653:. 2632:}} 2628:{{ 2613:. 2611:NC 2608:. 2534:^ 2517:. 2497:}} 2493:{{ 2468:38 2466:. 2462:. 2425:^ 2413:}} 2409:{{ 2386:. 2382:. 2361:}} 2357:{{ 2342:. 2319:. 2243:^ 2231:}} 2227:{{ 2211:. 2190:}} 2186:{{ 2167:. 2157:26 2155:. 2151:. 2097:}} 2093:{{ 2079:40 2077:. 2073:. 2023:}} 2019:{{ 2004:. 1983:}} 1979:{{ 1958:30 1956:. 1952:. 1883:. 1822:. 1790:^ 1778:}} 1774:{{ 1753:22 1751:. 1747:. 1701:}} 1697:{{ 1678:. 1670:. 1658:. 1654:. 1628:. 1607:}} 1603:{{ 1590:36 1588:. 1584:. 1542:^ 1530:}} 1526:{{ 1498:^ 1482:. 1462:}} 1458:{{ 1399:^ 1383:. 1359:. 997:, 993:, 869:EN 614:. 567:, 370:. 246:. 137:, 10813:) 10752:) 3208:e 3201:t 3194:v 3154:. 3130:. 3118:: 3088:. 3074:: 3066:: 3039:. 3012:. 2950:. 2926:) 2912:. 2861:. 2838:. 2834:: 2811:. 2784:. 2766:. 2743:) 2729:. 2678:) 2664:. 2638:) 2624:. 2584:. 2528:. 2503:) 2489:. 2447:. 2419:) 2405:. 2388:6 2367:) 2353:. 2327:. 2290:. 2267:. 2237:) 2223:. 2196:) 2182:. 2136:. 2103:) 2055:. 2029:) 2015:. 1989:) 1975:. 1937:. 1912:. 1891:. 1832:. 1784:) 1770:. 1732:. 1707:) 1693:. 1660:5 1639:. 1613:) 1599:. 1536:) 1522:. 1492:. 1468:) 1454:. 1393:. 1369:. 1182:2 907:) 905:2 873:N 740:= 735:p 725:, 720:2 715:O 709:p 703:= 693:, 688:2 683:O 677:f 503:2 472:2 298:C 294:D 290:I 286:T 282:N 278:E 274:V 255:2 240:2 228:2 224:2 212:2 38:. 20:)

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