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Sir Ewen McIntyre
Waterman was secretary of the South Australian Theatrical Proprietors' Association in 1937; president of the South Australian Motion Picture Exhibitors' Association in 1944; and vice-president of the Federal Cinema Exhibitors' Council of Australia in 1947. After resigning from the
319:
According to the South
Australian Heritage Council (2022), Ozone Theatres "shaped public experiences and expectations of cinema-going during the interwar period, establishing high standards for film exhibition and introducing numerous innovations in architectural expression, technology and comfort,
192:
In April 1936, 25 years after entering the cinema industry, Hugh
Waterman was managing director of three companies: Ozone Theatres Ltd, S.A. Theatres, and Ozone Theatres (Broken Hill). Ewen and his six brothers developed the companies over 20 years. Brother Clyde became joint managing director in
363:
The Victor Harbor cinema had a seating capacity of 910 at the time of its takeover. It was renamed as Ozone
Theatre, with its vertical signage on the facade simply "Ozone". After further changes of hands and renovations, it was renamed
61:
and Ozone
Theatres (Broken Hill) were subsidiary companies, and the chain was referred to as the Ozone circuit. It was one of two major film exhibitors in the state from after World War I until the late 1940s, the other being
197:(formerly the Alhambra; acquired in 1930). Hugh had seven sons, the others being Donald, Laurie, Norman, and Douglas, all of whom had executive positions in the business. The company became the major promoter of
1947:
169:
Hugh
Waterman's eldest son Ewen joined the family business in 1928. Before November 1934, the family created the subsidiary company S.A. Theatres Ltd, for the purpose of taking on the lease of the
1952:
166:
to rebuild the Victor
Theatre at Victor Harbor after a fire in 1934, he was appointed to design all of their cinemas in the state. In about 1942, new construction was halted by World War II.
162:
designed nearly all of Ozone's cinemas during the 1920s. In the early 1930s, the company started using
Adelaide designer and interior specialist E. Grant Walsh, but after appointing
1962:
120:, next to Alberton Railway Station and right next door to Waterman's own residence. In 1927, the cinemas were showing matinee performances as well as in the evenings. A theatre at
1855:
1926:
491:
105:
came to an end around 1929, Ozone and Dan
Clifford's Star were the two surviving and dominating owners of cinemas in the suburbs of Adelaide. The main competitor to Ozone was
368:
in 1995 and converted into twin screens. In 2005 it changed hands and underwent further renovations, while retaining the Art Deco fittings, and in 2020 was acquired by the
113:
bought his cinemas. The two companies dominated the market in South
Australia from after World War I until the late 1940s, but after 1938, Ozone was bigger.
2135:
417:'s outdoor cinema, the Picturedrome, was established in Semaphore in December 1910, but before the newly-built indoor Wondergraph was opened in May 1920.
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57:. It was founded by Hugh Waterman and friends, and was jointly run by him and seven sons, including Clyde Waterman and Sir Ewen McIntyre Waterman.
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109:, which began as Star in 1917 and continued to operate as the Clifford Circuit until a few years after Dan Clifford's death in 1942, when
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By 1928, Ozone Theatres Ltd had bought a number of cinemas from National Theatres (aka National Pictures), in the Adelaide suburbs of
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This article was published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 18, (Melbourne University Press), 2012
78:, founded Ozone Picture Company, later renamed Ozone Amusements Ltd, in the seaside suburb (formerly a separate town) of
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By 1949, Ozone Theatres ran 34 cinemas in SA and interstate Adelaide suburban cinemas included Port Adelaide, Semaphore,
223:, Port Adelaide, Semaphore, Alberton, Enfield, Prospect, and Marryatville; country cinemas at Port Pirie, Victor Harbor,
63:
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in 1911, along with four other residents, Les and Horace Warn, Jim Woods, and Chris Flaherty. They screened films in
263:). The purchase of the Wondergraph assets in 1939 made the group one of the principal cinema chains in the country.
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637:"Dan Clifford, starting as newsboy/bookmaker, builds his classy Star circuit of Adelaide film theatres from 1917"
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212:, renaming it Ozone Theatre. In November 1937, the Ozone Sport and Social Club first annual picnic was held in
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17:
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Extracts from Cinema Record – Cinema and Theatre Historical Society Inc. Issue 55 Edition 2-2007 pages 11-13
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2008:
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492:"Hugh Waterman and sons extend the Ozone cinema chain from Adelaide's Semaphore in 1911 to eastern states"
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1938. Ewen was managing director of S.A. Theatres in August 1939. Keith Waterman managed the Ozone at
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companies associated with his brothers, he moved on to internationally-based posts relating to the
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in 1913, called the Ozone, until 1923 they showed films in existing available halls, including
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751:. Vol. X, no. 1, 419. South Australia. 31 January 1928. p. 2 (Home edition)
8:
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In 1948 Ewen resigned his roles with Waterman Brothers Ltd and its associated companies.
83:
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858:. Vol. XXIII, no. 3, 545. South Australia. 29 November 1934. p. 9
525:. Vol. LXXV, no. 20, 007. South Australia. 26 December 1910. p. 8
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1157:. Vol. 90, no. 27725. South Australia. 16 August 1947. p. 9
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style, eventually closing in May 1960. Ozone Alberton was closed in 1961.
173:
in the city, and for creating the Chinese Gardens open-air theatre at the
414:
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The chain expanded interstate. In March 1938 it had suburban theatres at
102:
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followed, and in 1929 Semaphore Town Hall was converted into a cinema.
553:. Vol. XI, no. 3175. South Australia. 24 May 1920. p. 6
462:"Summary of state heritage place: Victa Cinema (former Ozone Theatre)"
397:, and was knighted for his services to the pastoral industry in 1963.
204:
Ozone Glenelg, opened on 25 November 1937, was considered the chain's
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75:
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In 1924 Ozone built its second picture theatre in Fussell Place in
46:
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In 1951 the Waterman family sold most of their Ozone theatres to
1129:. No. 28801. Victoria, Australia. 16 August 1947. p. 4
182:
352:
The Ozone Marryatville has been fully restored and is now the
208:. In the same year, they acquired the Lyric Picture Palace in
2028:
1008:. No. 12, 160. South Australia. 31 March 1938. p. 1
949:. No. 11, 555. South Australia. 18 April 1936. p. 2
308:
101:
There were a few competitors at that time, but as the era of
54:
311:, with the new company known as Hoyts-Ozone Theatres Ltd.
792:
338:
The Hoyts Ozone Theatre in Murray Bridge closed in 1969.
186:
617:. Cinema And Theatre Historical Society of Australia Inc
1258:"'Now showing' – celebrating Adelaide's cinema heyday"
460:
South Australian Heritage Council (25 November 2022).
376:. It was featured in a photographic exhibition called
255:
in the city, as well as the Wondergraph Unley and the
247:
worth £200,000, to purchase assets which included the
86:
on two nights a week, and later four nights a week at
927:
Includes photos of Hugh Waterman and all of his sons.
378:
Now Showing... Cinema Architecture in South Australia
243:. In that month S.A. Theatres struck a deal with the
53:, from 1911 until 1951, when it sold its theatres to
1299:. Adelaide - Entertainment and the Arts – via
545:"Semaphore Wondergraph: palatial new theatre opened"
181:(opened in November 1934, Adelaide's first outdoor
90:. Apart their first purpose-built indoor cinema in
320:especially during the sound film era after 1929".
384:'s Kerry Packer Civic Gallery in April/May 2024.
216:. In 1938, the company employed over 300 people.
2107:
1845:Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts
1090:"Ozone Theatres annual picnic [B 68542]"
917:. South Australia. 29 November 1934. p. 2
886:. South Australia. 27 October 1934. p. 14
1339:
977:. South Australia. 15 August 1939. p. 18
830:. South Australia. 31 March 1938. p. 20
590:. South Australia. 15 April 1936. p. 23
278:, who were leasing the theatre at the time.
185:theatre). Both theatres would show the same
2136:Entertainment companies established in 1911
994:
992:
816:
814:
812:
666:CAARP: Cinema and Audience Research Project
2070:Film and television financing in Australia
1346:
1332:
1165:– via National Library of Australia.
1137:– via National Library of Australia.
1016:– via National Library of Australia.
985:– via National Library of Australia.
957:– via National Library of Australia.
935:
933:
925:– via National Library of Australia.
894:– via National Library of Australia.
866:– via National Library of Australia.
838:– via National Library of Australia.
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
759:– via National Library of Australia.
731:– via National Library of Australia.
598:– via National Library of Australia.
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
561:– via National Library of Australia.
533:– via National Library of Australia.
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
147:. They also acquired leases of cinemas at
66:. After 1938, Ozone dominated the market.
1297:Manning Index of South Australian History
1061:"Rise and fall of the late Ozone Theatre"
903:
901:
878:"Adelaide to have outdoor talkie theatre"
783:"Waterman, Sir Ewen McIntyre (1901–1982)"
723:. South Australia. 9 July 1927. p. 7
629:
2141:Australian companies established in 1911
989:
809:
611:"South Australia: Capital City Adelaide"
602:
27:Historic cinema chain in South Australia
1978:Film Critics Circle of Australia Awards
1287:
1033:"Glenelg Cinema Centre in Adelaide, AU"
1027:
1025:
1023:
930:
763:
654:
565:
440:
285:, Glenelg, and the Windsor Theatres at
266:In August 1947, S.A. Theatres sold the
14:
2108:
1255:
898:
684:
682:
259:(for some time called the Star, under
1327:
1199:
1197:
1149:"Civic Theatre sold to Greater Union"
1055:
1053:
822:"£200,000 deal in theatre properties"
780:
608:
345:when it was expanded and operated by
323:
1877:Australian Guild of Screen Composers
1223:
1020:
715:"Ozone Theatres: Port and Semaphore"
582:"First showed pictures 26 years ago"
486:
484:
482:
480:
478:
476:
474:
2146:1951 disestablishments in Australia
1851:Australian Cinematographers Society
1256:Meegan, Genevieve (19 April 2024).
1206:"Victa Cinema in Victor Harbor, AU"
679:
24:
2131:Companies based in South Australia
2075:Film industry in Western Australia
1882:Australian Production Design Guild
1281:
1194:
1177:"Semaphore Cinema in Adelaide, AU"
1050:
788:Australian Dictionary of Biography
426:See 1934 advertisement for photos.
25:
2157:
1804:South Australian Film Corporation
1308:
781:André, Roger (11 December 2012).
471:
1902:Film Critics Circle of Australia
1373:
1355:
1301:State Library of South Australia
1098:State Library of South Australia
690:"Ozone Alberton in Adelaide, AU"
387:
1872:Australian Classification Board
1249:
1203:
1169:
1141:
1113:
1082:
961:
870:
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1764:Commonwealth Film Laboratories
850:"Gala premiere of new theatre"
537:
509:
407:
356:, within the suburb now named
13:
1:
1927:Sydney Filmmakers Cooperative
433:
2009:Australian Multiplex Cinemas
400:
64:D. Clifford Theatres Limited
7:
1856:Australian Costumers' Guild
941:"25 years in film business"
349:, finally closing in 2009.
245:Greater Wondergraph Company
143:and at the seaside town of
10:
2162:
2126:Culture of South Australia
2116:Cinema chains in Australia
1922:Screen Producers Australia
1897:Casting Guild of Australia
1861:Australian Directors Guild
1065:The Murray Valley Standard
969:"Adolph Zukor in Adelaide"
517:"Wondergraph at Semaphore"
74:Hugh McIntyre Waterman, a
69:
2062:
1996:
1935:
1892:Australian Writers' Guild
1887:Australian Screen Editors
1866:Australian Film Institute
1837:
1824:Village Roadshow Pictures
1749:
1459:
1383:
1368:
1154:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
974:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
914:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
883:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
827:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
720:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
587:The Advertiser (Adelaide)
314:
1829:Village Roadshow Studios
1769:Disney Studios Australia
1000:"More Waterman theatres"
395:Australian wool industry
1784:Kennedy Miller Mitchell
522:The Register (Adelaide)
88:Port Adelaide Town Hall
189:films at both venues.
370:City of Victor Harbor
343:Glenelg Cinema Centre
341:Ozone Glenelg became
35:Ozone Picture Company
1789:Limelight Department
1750:Production companies
1289:Manning, Geoffrey H.
1121:"S. A. Theatre deal"
261:D. Clifford Theatres
257:Wondergraph Goodwood
235:(Lenard's Theatre),
231:; and interstate at
214:Belair National Park
107:D. Clifford Theatres
39:Ozone Amusements Ltd
2121:Culture of Adelaide
2090:Australian New Wave
1988:Screen Music Awards
1362:Cinema of Australia
743:"National Pictures"
158:Adelaide architect
84:Semaphore Town Hall
2095:Australian Western
1983:Inside Film Awards
1293:"Picture theatres"
1237:. 24 November 1923
1101:. 14 November 1937
609:Wolfenden, Peter.
324:Cinemas after sale
175:Exhibition Grounds
31:Ozone Theatres Ltd
2103:
2102:
1809:Screen Queensland
1745:
1744:
662:"Ozone, Alberton"
241:Mildura, Victoria
16:(Redirected from
2153:
1917:Screen Australia
1794:Pagewood Studios
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329:Semaphore Cinema
164:F. Kenneth Milne
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374:heritage-listed
358:Kensington Park
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237:New South Wales
141:Victor Theatres
96:Unley Town Hall
72:
51:South Australia
45:chain based in
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2054:Wallis Cinemas
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2039:Palace Cinemas
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2034:Ozone Theatres
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2026:
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2016:
2011:
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1310:
1309:External links
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372:. It has been
347:Wallis Cinemas
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18:Ozone Theatre
2085:Ozploitation
2033:
1973:AWGIE Awards
1943:AACTA Awards
1320:
1296:
1267:. Retrieved
1261:
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1235:Victa Cinema
1234:
1225:
1213:. Retrieved
1209:
1184:. Retrieved
1180:
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1005:The Recorder
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946:The Recorder
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555:. Retrieved
550:Daily Herald
548:
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527:. Retrieved
520:
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495:
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382:Hawke Centre
380:held at the
377:
366:Victa Cinema
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133:Marryatville
126:
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103:silent films
100:
73:
58:
38:
34:
30:
29:
2004:Ace Cinemas
1968:ATOM Awards
1958:APDG Awards
1752:and studios
1186:17 December
1161:24 December
1133:24 December
1105:17 December
1071:17 December
1042:17 December
1012:25 December
981:25 December
953:25 December
921:26 December
890:25 December
862:25 December
834:25 December
798:17 December
727:17 December
699:17 December
671:17 December
621:18 December
594:25 December
557:21 December
529:20 December
501:17 December
415:Wondergraph
233:Broken Hill
33:, formerly
2110:Categories
1963:ASE Awards
1953:ADG Awards
1948:ACS Awards
1819:Screenwest
1814:Screen NSW
1204:Roe, Ken.
646:5 December
641:AdelaideAZ
615:SA Cinemas
496:AdelaideAZ
434:References
195:Port Pirie
137:Wonderview
135:, and the
1779:VicScreen
1759:Cinesound
1384:By decade
1231:"History"
401:Footnotes
299:St Morris
283:Thebarton
239:, and at
80:Semaphore
76:stationer
37:and then
1997:Theatres
1391:pre-1910
1317:on CAARP
1269:28 April
1263:InReview
1241:28 April
1215:28 April
755:29 April
333:Art Deco
291:Lockleys
287:Brighton
206:flagship
129:Prospect
118:Alberton
47:Adelaide
41:, was a
1847:(AACTA)
1460:By year
1126:The Age
229:Renmark
221:Glenelg
153:Norwood
122:Enfield
70:History
2063:Topics
1936:Awards
1799:Palace
315:Impact
297:, and
295:Hilton
227:, and
183:talkie
43:cinema
2029:Hoyts
1868:(AFI)
1451:2020s
1446:2010s
1441:2000s
1436:1990s
1431:1980s
1426:1970s
1421:1960s
1416:1950s
1411:1940s
1406:1930s
1401:1920s
1396:1910s
1370:Films
465:(PDF)
309:Hoyts
249:Civic
55:Hoyts
1737:2024
1732:2023
1727:2022
1722:2021
1717:2020
1712:2019
1707:2018
1702:2017
1697:2016
1692:2015
1687:2014
1682:2013
1677:2012
1672:2011
1667:2010
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1467:1970
1271:2024
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800:2022
757:2024
729:2022
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673:2022
648:2022
623:2022
596:2022
559:2022
531:2022
503:2022
251:and
151:and
139:and
131:and
1907:FTI
793:ANU
274:to
270:in
187:MGM
177:on
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