1320:
857:
914:. Artisans collect the leaves from plants in the wild, cutting only mature leaves so that the plant will naturally regenerate. The leaves are sliced into fine strips and sorted for further processing. Weavers produce basic pandan mats of standard size or roll the leaves into pandan ropes for other designs. This is followed by a coloring process, in which pandan mats are placed in drums with water-based colors. After drying, the colored mats are shaped into final products, such as placemats or jewelry boxes. Final color touch-ups may be applied. The species in
971:
1332:
144:
885:
121:
530:
934:
3714:
3521:
pre-Christian taboo system. Christianity took hold on
Satawal during the decades after World War II, and the Islanders then used canvas. When I and Gary Mount, as Peace Corps volunteers, demonstrated the obvious superiority of dacron over the canvas with only a 4-inch square sample, the men agreed to purchase sails for the canoes of the island. As word of the superiority of dacron spread, the people of
801:
on atolls. They grow wild mainly in semi-natural vegetation in littoral habitats throughout the tropical and subtropical
Pacific, where they can withstand drought, strong winds, and salt spray. They propagate readily from seed, but popular cultivars are also widely propagated from branch cuttings by
966:
of Asia." Fresh leaves are typically torn into strips, tied in a knot to facilitate removal, placed in the cooking liquid, then removed at the end of cooking. Dried leaves and bottled extract may be bought in some places. Finely sliced pandan leaves are used as fragrant confetti for Malay weddings,
551:
feet) tall, to medium-sized trees 20 m (66 ft) tall, typically with a broad canopy, heavy fruit, and moderate growth rate. The trunk is stout, wide-branching, and ringed with many leaf scars. Mature plants can have branches. Depending on the species, the trunk can be smooth, rough, or
3520:
sails sewn by the men themselves. Most
Carolinian canoes had used canvas acquired during the Japanese presence in the islands. The people of Satawal, however, were reluctant to switch from the cumbersome pandanus-mat sails, probably because canoes and voyaging were included in the elaborate
805:
Species growing on exposed coastal headlands and along beaches have thick 'stilt roots' as anchors in the loose sand. Those stilt roots emerge from the stem, usually close to but above the ground, which helps to keep the plants upright and secure them to the ground.
3501:
552:
warty. The roots form a pyramidal tract to hold the trunk. They commonly have many thick stilt roots near the base, which provide support as the tree grows top-heavy with leaves, fruit, and branches. These roots are
2379:
Outlines of the
Geography of Plants: With Particular Enquiries Concerning the Native Country, the Culture, and the Uses of the Principal Cultivated Plants on which the Prosperity of Nations is Based, Volumen
809:
While pandanus are distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical islands and coastlines of the
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, they are most numerous on the low islands and barren atolls of
3439:
1095:, pandan leaves are used heavily in both vegetable and meat dishes and are often grown in homes. It is common practice to add a few pieces of pandan leaf when cooking red or white rice as well.
797:
These plants grow from sea level to an altitude of 3,300 m (10,800 ft). Pandanus trees are of cultural, health, and economic importance in the
Pacific, second only to the
3726:
2931:
556:
and often branched. The top of the plant has one or more crowns of strap-shaped leaves that may be spiny, varying between species from 30 centimetres (12 inches) to 2 m (
3693:
1671:
3067:
1395:
3475:
1867:
2327:
1679:
1199:
is used in religious worship, and the leaves are used to make hair ornaments worn for their fragrance as well as decorative purpose in western India.
2401:
2442:
1929:
1643:
662:
1218:. The ripe fruit can be eaten raw or cooked, while partly ripe fruit should be cooked first. Small-fruited pandanus may be bitter and astringent.
962:
to various dishes and to complement flavors like chocolate. Because of their similarity in usage, pandan leaves are sometimes referred to as the "
825:
The tree is grown and propagated from shoots that form spontaneously in the axils of lower leaves. Pandanus fruits are eaten by animals including
3323:. Pacific Linguistics. Canberra: Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY. pp. 1–6.
2126:
841:, but the vast majority of species are dispersed primarily by water. Its fruit can float and spread to other islands without help from humans.
4430:
1675:
635:. Typically, the fruit changes from green to bright orange or red as it matures. The fruits can stay on the tree for more than 12 months.
1319:
2939:
4466:
3629:
2039:
4365:
2026:
2752:
4417:
4378:
3672:
2500:
2987:
2581:"A Fossil Syncarpous Fruit from Australia Provides Support for a Gondwanan History for the Screw Pines (Pandanus, Pandanaceae)"
631:, a globule structure, 10–20 cm (4–8 in) in diameter and have many prism-like sections, resembling the fruit of the
3336:
3210:
3174:
3116:
2537:
2510:
4422:
3656:
3104:
2753:"Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 5 Pandanus of the Maldive Islands and the Seychelles Islands, Indian Ocean"
3079:
2087:
1860:
2726:
1305:, natives make woven fish traps from the hard interior root of the pandanus, made like a cage having a narrow entrance.
2009:
2803:
2284:
3506:
2213:
1167:
rice). The basis for this use is that both basmati and pandan leaf contains the same aromatic flavoring ingredient,
2805:
2808:; Francisco Navarro Villoslada; Manuel de Assas y de Ereńo; José Muńos Maldonado; Eduardo Gasset y Artime (1852).
4435:
4404:
3313:
2783:
Los árboles y arbustos de la Península Ibérica e Islas
Baleares: especies silvestres y las principales cultivadas
2701:
849:
Pandanus has multiple uses, which is dependent in part on each type and location. Some pandanus are a source of
3753:
2331:
1191:) is an extract distilled from the pandan flower, used to flavor drinks and desserts in Indian cuisine. Also,
643:
Often called pandanus palms, these plants are not closely related to palm trees. The genus is named after the
4484:
291:
4292:
4287:
4274:
3381:
Martelli): Physicochemical
Properties, Total Phenols, Total Carotene, Vitamin E and Antioxidant Activity"
2674:
2473:
2408:
856:
4357:
4344:
4538:
4479:
3698:
3563:
3140:
2579:
Rozefelds, Andrew C.; Rudall, Paula J.; Herne, Matt C.; Milroy, Anita K.; Bridgeman, Joe (2022-05-01).
2183:
2178:
2144:
750:
all referring to plants of similar characteristics and/or uses whether in the same genus (particularly
4543:
4445:
4383:
3875:
3718:
3604:
2169:
951:
619:. The female tree produces flowers with round fruits that are also bract-surrounded. The individual
404:
143:
2962:
3903:
3880:
1823:
1615:
1555:
1471:
1314:
312:
246:
3314:"The 'Pandanus Languages' of the Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea - a further report"
4471:
4352:
2095:
2063:
2051:
1924:
1731:
1655:
1650:
1478:
1455:
1431:
1378:
946:
666:
653:
400:
346:
277:
4339:
4217:
4178:
3975:
3567:
2781:
2075:
1875:
1804:
1691:
1531:
1502:
674:
2809:
2527:
2377:
4173:
3637:
2654:"pandanus - definition of pandanus by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia"
1964:
1811:
1747:
1715:
1698:
1619:
1598:
1579:
1519:
1490:
1450:
1366:
4458:
1255:, almost every part of the plant is used, with various species different from those used in
4195:
4056:
3997:
3848:
3806:
2626:
2100:
2070:
2034:
1992:
1985:
1980:
1957:
1948:
1941:
1880:
1848:
1843:
1828:
1758:
1751:
1719:
1703:
1591:
1507:
1438:
1419:
1168:
678:
390:
3666:
3376:
8:
4101:
3981:
3801:
3400:
3108:
2905:
2107:
1936:
1776:
1638:
1526:
1466:
1443:
1426:
1302:
1054:
1002:
955:
4331:
4505:
4255:
4106:
4021:
3746:
3581:
3290:
3134:
2608:
2580:
2455:
2259:
2058:
2017:
1912:
1904:
1686:
1562:
1550:
1538:
1514:
1402:
1204:
1070:
1006:
752:
717:
659:
301:
258:
138:
970:
4533:
4453:
4300:
4002:
3870:
3828:
3789:
3653:
3467:
3459:
3413:
3405:
3350:
3342:
3332:
3294:
3252:
3243:
3224:
3216:
3206:
3180:
3170:
3122:
3112:
2995:
2612:
2600:
2533:
2506:
2209:
2004:
1973:
1887:
1855:
1788:
1735:
1726:
1666:
1659:
1626:
1610:
1586:
1459:
1414:
1241:
1202:
Species with large and medium fruit are edible, notably the many cultivated forms of
1085:
1021:
983:
744:
737:
724:
710:
2263:
1893:
1132:, pandan leaves are commonly paired with coconut meat (a combination referred to as
757:
380:
4510:
4305:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4118:
3865:
3838:
3682:
3599:
3451:
3395:
3324:
3286:
3245:
Taim hangre: variation in subsistence food supply in the Papua New Guinea highlands
3162:
2865:
2592:
2451:
2309:
2251:
2138:
2046:
2022:
1997:
1816:
1763:
1631:
1543:
1483:
1407:
1383:
1336:
1237:
1062:
1029:
898:
703:
689:
553:
231:
4266:
2884:
4279:
4155:
4046:
4026:
3968:
3953:
3833:
3816:
3794:
3676:
3660:
3166:
3019:
2832:
2352:
2300:
2280:
2242:
2132:
2112:
2082:
1800:
1795:
1742:
1710:
1603:
1574:
1495:
1371:
1324:
1290:
1214:
878:
874:
870:
730:
682:
181:
130:
3689:
Pandanus simplex fruit eaten by
Varanus olivaceus, Polillo Island, Philippines.
3277:
Franklin, Karl J. (September 1972). "A Ritual
Pandanus Language of New Guinea".
1331:
3843:
1836:
1783:
1771:
1256:
1152:
1081:
1074:
1009:
860:
853:, while others provide raw material for clothing, basket weaving and shelter.
768:
644:
628:
168:
3688:
3557:
3417:
4527:
4240:
4088:
4051:
4041:
3739:
3590:
3471:
3463:
3409:
3354:
3346:
3298:
3256:
3184:
3126:
2999:
2730:
2604:
1103:
1046:
1041:
696:
670:
281:
194:
78:
3696:
Article by Shannon Wianecki describing Hawaiian cultural uses for pandanus.
2653:
1080:
In India, particularly in Nicobar Islands, pandanus fruit is staple food of
591:
produced on different plants. The flowers of the male tree are 2–3 cm (
4497:
4123:
4015:
3943:
3860:
3228:
2137: – Type of outrigger canoe from the Caroline Islands – vessels of the
1953:
1387:
2532:. Vol. II. Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications. p. 927.
1163:, made with ordinary rice (as opposed to that made with the premium-grade
4391:
4249:
3963:
3771:
3762:
3455:
2553:
2435:
1969:
1897:
1229:
1138:
1129:
1099:
937:
911:
893:
884:
518:
498:
214:
53:
1277:
1240:
are known. Entire households will move, and in some areas will speak a
120:
4370:
4163:
4143:
4081:
4068:
3918:
3442:[Ethnobotany Types of Pandanaceae as Foodstuffs in Indonesia].
3328:
2313:
2255:
1286:
1233:
1124:
975:
814:
782:
514:
490:
204:
98:
63:
3440:"Etnobotani Jenis-Jenis Pandanaceae Sebagai Bahan Pangan di Indonesia"
1175:, pandan leaves are a major ingredient used in the country's cuisine.
915:
4396:
4326:
4313:
4168:
4094:
4031:
3987:
3908:
2499:
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Fay, Michael F.; Chase, Mark W. (2017).
1356:
1172:
1107:
1092:
822:
Other species are adapted to mountain habitats and riverine forests.
810:
786:
632:
584:
486:
482:
103:
47:
37:
4211:
3045:
489:
tropics and subtropics. The greatest number of species are found in
4492:
4234:
4185:
4113:
4009:
3855:
3823:
3811:
2702:"The mangrove vegetation of the Atlantic Coast of Africa: a review"
2596:
2502:
Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants
1298:
1272:
1264:
1111:
1098:
In Southeast Asia, pandan leaves are mainly used in sweets such as
991:
838:
494:
93:
88:
73:
68:
58:
20:
4318:
2727:"Drift Seeds And Drift Fruits: Seeds That Ride The Ocean Currents"
658:
the genus's most commonly known species. The name is derived from
4409:
4200:
3948:
3933:
3928:
3683:
Northernmost pandanus in the world, in the Azores Islands, photo
3542:
3534:
3513:
2804:
Ramón de Mesonero Romanos; Gervasio Gironella; Vicente Castelló;
1917:
1567:
1294:
1268:
1252:
1164:
1156:
1144:
963:
927:
865:
798:
478:
474:
108:
83:
3220:
529:
4190:
4036:
3992:
3938:
3923:
3913:
3898:
3713:
3530:
3522:
3517:
1245:
1221:
933:
588:
41:
3203:
Roots of the Earth: Crops in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea
2467:
2465:
537:
The species vary in size from small shrubs less than 1 metre (
4076:
3958:
3890:
3784:
3779:
3654:
Pandanus species of the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia
3538:
3526:
3321:
Culture change, language change - case studies from Melanesia
2436:
Reginald Edward Vaughan & P. O. Wiehe (1953). "The genus
1179:
1160:
1119:
987:
959:
624:
620:
616:
470:
155:
3545:
have equipped at least one canoe on each island with dacron.
3065:
2204:
Wagner, Warren L.; Herbst, Derral R.; Sohmer, S. H. (1990).
2462:
1282:
1115:
850:
834:
3646:
Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1990).
3375:
Zebua, Lisye Iriana; Purnamasari, Vita (26 January 2018).
2578:
2830:
830:
826:
615: in) long and fragrant, surrounded by narrow, white
2906:"How to Cook With Pandan, the Vanilla of Southeast Asia"
3731:
2932:"Discover Pandan Leaves, The Vanilla Of Southeast Asia"
2855:
Benjamin C. Stone (1992). "The New Guinea species of
2289:
Stickman, part 29. New Papuan species in the section
2498:
785:
fruit found in Queensland, Australia, dating to the
2560:. The Evolution of Plant Names. Benton Family Trust
2236:David C. Hyndman (1984). "Ethnobotany of Wopkaimin
3559:The men of the big rock | SLICE | Full documentary
2203:
3437:
3068:"The Use of Pandanus Fruit As Food in Micronesia"
2988:"The less known Shompens of Great Nicobar Island"
2854:
4525:
3605:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T199828A183186217.en
3374:
3311:
2471:
2443:Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany
2235:
3502:"A Renaissance in Carolinian-Marianas Voyaging"
3205:. Manchester, UK: Manchester university Press.
3157:Lim, Tong Kwee (2012). "Pandanus julianettii".
2279:
1244:at harvest time. The taste is like coconut or
2779:
2675:"Microsoft Word - 5-Seychelles formaté_RM.doc"
2240:significant Papua New Guinea plant resource".
2127:Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia
580: in) up to 10 cm (4 in) broad.
3747:
2619:
627:, and these merge to varying degrees forming
2505:. University of Chicago Press. p. 140.
3579:
3312:Franklin, Karl J.; Stefaniw, Roman (1992).
3196:
3194:
3161:. Vol. 4. Springer. pp. 128–130.
2431:
2429:
570: ft) or longer, and from 1.5 cm (
16:Genus of palm-like monocot trees and shrubs
3754:
3740:
2963:"Grocery Ninja: Pandan, the Asian Vanilla"
2775:
2773:
2721:
2719:
2529:Proto-Austronesian Phonology with Glossary
2141:which traditionally had pandanus mat sails
119:
3648:Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaiʻi
3630:Germplasm Resources Information Network:
3603:
3399:
3159:Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants
3066:Miller, C.D.; Murai, M.; Pen, F. (1956).
3061:
3059:
2546:
2519:
2371:
2369:
2275:
2273:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2206:Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaiʻi
3431:
3305:
3276:
3270:
3235:
3200:
3191:
3101:The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants
2729:. Waynesword.palomar.edu. Archived from
2426:
2129: – Ancient expansion of agriculture
1330:
1318:
969:
932:
883:
855:
528:
2834:Lecciones de historia natural: Botánica
2770:
2716:
2585:International Journal of Plant Sciences
896:basket woven from leaves of karagumoy (
4526:
3438:Purwanto, Y.; Munawaroh, Esti (2010).
3241:
3152:
3150:
3056:
2376:Meyen, Franz Julius Ferdinand (1846).
2366:
2270:
2222:
2164:
2162:
2160:
1136:) in various desserts and drinks like
789:epoch around 32–28 million years ago.
4216:
4215:
3735:
3499:
3368:
2554:"Proto-Polynesian Etymologies: *Fara"
2525:
2375:
2197:
1346:several species previously placed in
1263:trees provide materials for housing;
1040:
4446:9d4c0c61-c8df-46d9-af07-74492cf7b720
3401:10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2017.vol21.i02.p05
3242:Bourke, Richard Michael (May 1988).
3105:United States Department of the Army
3591:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
3156:
3147:
2157:
1308:
513:. They are classified in the order
13:
3623:
3291:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1972.tb01197.x
3251:. Australian National University.
2831:D. Agustín Yañez y Girona (1845).
2456:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1953.tb00001.x
940:flavoured with pandan leaf extract
777:The oldest fossil of the genus is
673:*padran). It has many cognates in
14:
4555:
3706:
3507:Journal of the Polynesian Society
2780:López González, Ginés A. (2006).
2407:. Stumpman.com.au. Archived from
677:, underscoring its importance in
3712:
3694:"Hala: The Hawaiian Aphrodisiac"
2558:Te Mära Reo: The Language Garden
978:woman making a traditional mat (
142:
51:
4485:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31599-1
3702:Volume 15 Number. 1 (Jan 2011).
3573:
3570:/ April 2022, minutes 18:39–ff.
3550:
3493:
3093:
3046:"Cooking With Kurma - Glossary"
3038:
3012:
2980:
2960:
2954:
2924:
2898:
2877:
2848:
2837:. Impr. de Benito Espona y Blay
2824:
2797:
2758:. Scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu
2745:
2694:
2667:
2646:
2627:"Pandanus tectorius (pandanus)"
2572:
2492:
1016:(lit. "pandan leaf") or simply
756:) or otherwise (in the case of
485:trees and shrubs native to the
3727:Biological Analytics of Pandan
3663:photos and text by Dave Kimble
2394:
2345:
2320:
2208:. University of Hawaii Press.
1354:are now in the distinct genus
1275:(carrying bags), fine mats or
863:woven from pandan leaves on a
524:
1:
3377:"Oil of Pandan Kelapa Hutan (
2482:Philippine Journal of Science
2353:"Pandanus Trees in Australia"
2150:
1271:including the manufacture of
1155:, the leaf is added whole to
910:Pandanus leaves are used for
3167:10.1007/978-94-007-4053-2_17
2811:Semanario pintoresco espańol
7:
2806:Angel Fernández de los Ríos
2474:"The Philippine species of
2440:in the Mascarene Islands".
2120:
997:Pandan leaves are known as
958:cuisines to add a distinct
926:are collected and used for
638:
10:
4560:
3512:As of 1973, all canoes on
2863:St. Johns (Pandanaceae)".
2184:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2179:Plants of the World Online
2145:Screw pine craft of Kerala
1312:
1114:, pandan is also added to
922:, and only the dry leaves
792:
18:
4224:
4154:
4067:
3889:
3769:
3444:Berkala Penelitian Hayati
2472:Ugolino Martelli (1908).
264:
257:
243:
238:
139:Scientific classification
137:
127:
118:
30:
4179:Queensland macadamia nut
3761:
3669:Pandanus solms-laubachii
3319:. In Dutton, Tom (ed.).
2293:collected by C. E. Carr"
1824:Pandanus livingstonianus
1315:List of Pandanus species
982:) from pandan leaves in
477:with about 578 accepted
19:Not to be confused with
3699:Maui No Ka 'Oi Magazine
3598:: e.T199828A183186217.
3500:McCoy, Michael (1973).
3201:Stilltoe, Paul (1983).
2656:. Thefreedictionary.com
2526:Wolff, John U. (2018).
2285:"Revision of the genus
2096:Pandanus vandermeeschii
1925:Pandanus parvicentralis
1651:Pandanus glaucocephalus
1479:Pandanus christmatensis
1379:Pandanus amaryllifolius
947:Pandanus amaryllifolius
844:
667:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
654:Pandanus amaryllifolius
587:, with male and female
3976:Johnstone River almond
3388:Jurnal Biologi Udayana
3139:: CS1 maint: others (
2013:– Australian screwpine
1876:Pandanus multispicatus
1503:Pandanus conglomeratus
1340:
1328:
1236:. Over 45 cultivated
994:
941:
907:
881:
781:which is known from a
675:Austronesian languages
534:
481:. They are palm-like,
3904:Australian cashew nut
3379:Pandanus jiulianettii
2885:"West Papua - Mining"
1965:Pandanus rigidifolius
1812:Pandanus laxespicatus
1699:Pandanus heterocarpus
1599:Pandanus fanningensis
1491:Pandanus clandestinus
1451:Pandanus carmichaelii
1367:Pandanus aldabraensis
1334:
1322:
973:
944:Pandanus leaves from
936:
887:
859:
532:
3723:at Wikimedia Commons
3580:Allen, D.J. (2020).
3111:. 2009. p. 91.
2071:Pandanus tonkinensis
2035:Pandanus tenuifolius
1993:Pandanus spathulatus
1981:Pandanus sechellarum
1949:Pandanus pyramidalis
1844:Pandanus microcarpus
1759:Pandanus julianettii
1439:Pandanus candelabrum
1169:2-acetyl-1-pyrroline
681:cultures, including
3982:Irvingia gabonensis
3556:SLICE documentary,
3109:Skyhorse Publishing
3024:About Filipino Food
2733:on 14 December 2014
2414:on 29 November 2014
2108:Pandanus verecundus
1937:Pandanus prostratus
1639:Pandanus gabonensis
1527:Pandanus decastigma
1467:Pandanus ceylanicus
1427:Pandanus boninensis
1396:Pandanus atrocarpus
1303:Vanuatu Archipelago
1228:) are an important
1042:[bāj.tɤ̄ːj]
950:are used widely in
902:) in the hexagonal
4139:Single-leaf pinyon
3675:2016-02-18 at the
3667:Pneumatophores on
3659:2016-02-19 at the
3481:on 29 October 2018
3456:10.5072/FK2/Z6P0OQ
3329:10.15144/PL-C120.1
2936:Asian Inspirations
2704:. Epubs.scu.edu.au
2256:10.1007/BF02859007
2091:– common screwpine
2059:Pandanus thomensis
2030:– thatch screwpine
2018:Pandanus tectorius
1913:Pandanus palustris
1905:Pandanus obeliscus
1868:Pandanus monotheca
1687:Pandanus halleorum
1563:Pandanus drupaceus
1551:Pandanus decumbens
1539:Pandanus decipiens
1515:Pandanus conoideus
1403:Pandanus balfourii
1341:
1329:
995:
942:
908:
882:
753:Pandanus tectorius
660:Proto-Austronesian
535:
533:Aerial, prop roots
4539:Pandanales genera
4521:
4520:
4454:Open Tree of Life
4218:Taxon identifiers
4209:
4208:
4107:Monkey-puzzle nut
3969:Shellbark hickory
3954:Mockernut hickory
3914:Borneo tallow nut
3717:Media related to
3584:Pandanus odorifer
3446:(in Indonesian).
3338:978-0-85883-411-8
3212:978-0-7190-0874-0
3176:978-94-007-4053-2
3118:978-1-60239-692-0
2539:978-1-5017-3599-8
2512:978-0-226-52292-0
2355:. Gondwananet.com
2115:
2103:
2090:
2078:
2066:
2054:
2042:
2029:
2012:
2005:Pandanus spiralis
2000:
1988:
1976:
1960:
1944:
1932:
1920:
1900:
1888:Pandanus odorifer
1883:
1863:
1856:Pandanus montanus
1851:
1832:- Tropical Africa
1831:
1819:
1807:
1791:
1779:
1766:
1754:
1738:
1727:Pandanus incertus
1722:
1706:
1694:
1667:Pandanus grayorum
1662:
1646:
1634:
1627:Pandanus furcatus
1622:
1611:Pandanus forsteri
1606:
1594:
1587:Pandanus eydouxia
1582:
1570:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1462:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1415:Pandanus barkleyi
1410:
1390:
1374:
1242:pandanus language
1205:P. tectorius
1159:, a kind of rice
1086:Nicobarese people
869:, an ocean-going
779:Pandanus estellae
462:
461:
234:
4551:
4544:Medicinal plants
4514:
4513:
4501:
4500:
4488:
4487:
4475:
4474:
4462:
4461:
4449:
4448:
4439:
4438:
4426:
4425:
4413:
4412:
4400:
4399:
4387:
4386:
4374:
4373:
4361:
4360:
4348:
4347:
4335:
4334:
4322:
4321:
4309:
4308:
4296:
4295:
4283:
4282:
4270:
4269:
4260:
4259:
4258:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4213:
4212:
3964:Shagbark hickory
3866:Malabar chestnut
3756:
3749:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3716:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3607:
3577:
3571:
3560:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3497:
3491:
3490:
3488:
3486:
3480:
3474:. Archived from
3435:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3403:
3385:
3372:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3361:
3318:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3263:
3250:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3198:
3189:
3188:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3138:
3130:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3078:. Archived from
3063:
3054:
3053:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3016:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2947:
2942:on 29 April 2018
2938:. Archived from
2928:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2917:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2881:
2875:
2874:
2852:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2828:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2777:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2723:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2698:
2692:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2679:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2634:Agroforestry.net
2631:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2523:
2517:
2516:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2469:
2460:
2459:
2433:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2413:
2406:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2373:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2330:. Archived from
2328:"Types of Roots"
2324:
2318:
2317:
2297:
2277:
2268:
2267:
2233:
2220:
2219:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2166:
2139:Caroline Islands
2111:
2099:
2086:
2074:
2062:
2050:
2047:Pandanus teuszii
2038:
2021:
2008:
1996:
1984:
1968:
1952:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1891:
1879:
1859:
1847:
1827:
1815:
1799:
1787:
1775:
1762:
1746:
1730:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1682:
1654:
1642:
1630:
1614:
1602:
1590:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1530:
1518:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1470:
1454:
1442:
1430:
1418:
1406:
1382:
1370:
1337:Pandanus simplex
1309:Selected species
1210:P. pulposus
1044:
1039:
899:Pandanus simplex
892:, a traditional
614:
613:
609:
606:
600:
599:
595:
579:
578:
574:
569:
568:
564:
561:
550:
549:
545:
542:
455:
447:
439:
431:
423:
415:
407:
393:
383:
373:
365:
357:
349:
339:
331:
323:
315:
305:
294:
284:
230:
147:
146:
123:
113:
50:
36:Temporal range:
28:
27:
4559:
4558:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4509:
4504:
4496:
4491:
4483:
4478:
4470:
4465:
4457:
4452:
4444:
4442:
4434:
4429:
4421:
4416:
4408:
4403:
4395:
4390:
4382:
4377:
4369:
4364:
4356:
4351:
4343:
4338:
4330:
4325:
4317:
4312:
4304:
4299:
4291:
4286:
4278:
4273:
4265:
4263:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4239:
4238:
4233:
4220:
4210:
4205:
4150:
4124:Colorado pinyon
4063:
3885:
3765:
3760:
3709:
3677:Wayback Machine
3661:Wayback Machine
3626:
3624:Further reading
3621:
3620:
3610:
3608:
3578:
3574:
3558:
3555:
3551:
3498:
3494:
3484:
3482:
3478:
3436:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3383:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3339:
3316:
3310:
3306:
3275:
3271:
3261:
3259:
3248:
3240:
3236:
3213:
3199:
3192:
3177:
3155:
3148:
3132:
3131:
3119:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3085:
3083:
3072:Pacific Science
3064:
3057:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3004:
3002:
2986:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2961:Wan, Yan Ling.
2959:
2955:
2945:
2943:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2915:
2913:
2912:. 10 March 2017
2904:
2903:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2887:. Cs.utexas.edu
2883:
2882:
2878:
2853:
2849:
2840:
2838:
2829:
2825:
2816:
2814:
2802:
2798:
2789:
2787:
2778:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2736:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2717:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2695:
2686:
2684:
2677:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2638:
2636:
2629:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2577:
2573:
2563:
2561:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2540:
2524:
2520:
2513:
2497:
2493:
2470:
2463:
2434:
2427:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2386:
2384:
2374:
2367:
2358:
2356:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2337:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2301:Pacific Science
2295:
2281:Harold St. John
2278:
2271:
2243:Economic Botany
2234:
2223:
2216:
2202:
2198:
2188:
2186:
2168:
2167:
2158:
2153:
2123:
2118:
2083:Pandanus utilis
1871:Malay Peninsula
1796:Pandanus lacuum
1743:Pandanus joskei
1711:Pandanus iceryi
1670:
1575:Pandanus elatus
1325:Pandanus repens
1317:
1311:
1257:Southeast Asian
1122:dishes such as
1037:
1014:Dahon ng pandan
952:Southeast Asian
879:Solomon Islands
871:outrigger canoe
847:
795:
641:
611:
607:
604:
602:
597:
593:
592:
576:
572:
571:
566:
562:
559:
557:
547:
543:
540:
538:
527:
458:
453:
445:
437:
429:
421:
413:
399:
389:
379:
371:
363:
355:
345:
337:
329:
321:
311:
300:
290:
276:
270:
269:
229:
141:
131:Pandanus utilis
114:
112:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
45:
44:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4557:
4547:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4519:
4518:
4516:
4515:
4511:wfo-4000027868
4502:
4489:
4476:
4463:
4450:
4440:
4427:
4414:
4401:
4388:
4375:
4362:
4349:
4336:
4323:
4310:
4297:
4284:
4271:
4261:
4246:
4230:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4182:
4181:
4176:
4166:
4160:
4158:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4134:Mexican pinyon
4131:
4126:
4121:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4104:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4084:
4073:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4054:
4052:English walnut
4049:
4044:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3998:Planted karuka
3990:
3985:
3978:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3895:
3893:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3876:Red bopple nut
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3839:European hazel
3836:
3831:
3829:American hazel
3821:
3820:
3819:
3817:Sweet chestnut
3809:
3804:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3795:European beech
3792:
3790:American beech
3782:
3776:
3774:
3772:botanical nuts
3767:
3766:
3759:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3736:
3730:
3729:
3724:
3708:
3707:External links
3705:
3704:
3703:
3691:
3686:
3680:
3664:
3651:
3644:
3635:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3572:
3566:, The Isle of
3549:
3492:
3430:
3367:
3337:
3304:
3269:
3234:
3211:
3190:
3175:
3146:
3117:
3092:
3055:
3037:
3011:
2994:. 2015-10-31.
2979:
2953:
2923:
2897:
2876:
2847:
2823:
2796:
2786:. Mundi-Prensa
2769:
2744:
2715:
2693:
2666:
2645:
2618:
2597:10.1086/719431
2591:(4): 320–329.
2571:
2545:
2538:
2518:
2511:
2491:
2461:
2425:
2393:
2365:
2344:
2319:
2308:(4): 514–519.
2269:
2250:(3): 287–303.
2221:
2214:
2196:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2104:
2092:
2079:
2067:
2055:
2043:
2031:
2014:
2001:
1989:
1977:
1961:
1945:
1933:
1921:
1909:
1901:
1884:
1872:
1864:
1852:
1840:
1837:Pandanus leram
1833:
1820:
1808:
1792:
1784:Pandanus kajui
1780:
1772:Pandanus kaida
1768:
1755:
1739:
1723:
1707:
1695:
1683:
1663:
1647:
1635:
1623:
1607:
1595:
1583:
1571:
1559:
1547:
1535:
1523:
1511:
1499:
1487:
1475:
1463:
1447:
1435:
1423:
1411:
1399:
1392:
1375:
1362:
1313:Main article:
1310:
1307:
1299:religious uses
1226:P. julianettii
1215:P. utilis
1183:(also spelled
1153:Indian cooking
1082:Shompen people
861:Crab claw sail
846:
843:
802:local people.
794:
791:
665:(which became
640:
637:
629:multiple fruit
526:
523:
460:
459:
457:
456:
448:
440:
432:
424:
416:
408:
394:
384:
374:
366:
358:
350:
340:
332:
324:
316:
306:
295:
285:
267:
266:
265:
262:
261:
255:
254:
241:
240:
236:
235:
222:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
185:
184:
179:
172:
171:
166:
159:
158:
153:
149:
148:
135:
134:
125:
124:
116:
115:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
35:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4556:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4512:
4507:
4503:
4499:
4494:
4490:
4486:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4441:
4437:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4398:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4341:
4337:
4333:
4328:
4324:
4320:
4315:
4311:
4307:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4262:
4257:
4251:
4247:
4242:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4214:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4174:Macadamia nut
4172:
4171:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4119:Chilgoza pine
4117:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4083:
4082:Burrawang nut
4080:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4066:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3995:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3929:Chilean hazel
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3882:
3881:Yellow walnut
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3818:
3815:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3745:
3743:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3715:
3711:
3710:
3701:
3700:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3679:- photo essay
3678:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3627:
3606:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3592:
3587:
3585:
3576:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3553:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3496:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3434:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3393:
3389:
3382:
3380:
3371:
3356:
3352:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3258:
3254:
3247:
3246:
3238:
3230:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3208:
3204:
3197:
3195:
3186:
3182:
3178:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3153:
3151:
3142:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3082:on 2015-10-04
3081:
3077:
3073:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3025:
3021:
3020:"Buko Pandan"
3015:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2983:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2927:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2886:
2880:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2851:
2836:
2835:
2827:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2800:
2785:
2784:
2776:
2774:
2754:
2748:
2732:
2728:
2722:
2720:
2703:
2697:
2683:
2676:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2635:
2628:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2559:
2555:
2549:
2541:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2522:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2495:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2477:
2468:
2466:
2457:
2453:
2450:(356): 1–33.
2449:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2432:
2430:
2410:
2403:
2397:
2383:. Ray Society
2382:
2381:
2372:
2370:
2354:
2348:
2334:on 2005-09-06
2333:
2329:
2323:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2274:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2217:
2215:0-8248-1152-6
2211:
2207:
2200:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1433:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1008:
1004:
1000:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
972:
968:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:
939:
935:
931:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
905:
901:
900:
895:
891:
886:
880:
876:
872:
868:
867:
862:
858:
854:
852:
842:
840:
836:
832:
828:
823:
820:
818:
816:
812:
807:
803:
800:
790:
788:
784:
780:
775:
773:
772:
766:
762:
759:
755:
754:
749:
746:
742:
739:
735:
732:
729:
726:
722:
719:
715:
712:
708:
705:
701:
698:
694:
691:
687:
684:
680:
676:
672:
671:Proto-Oceanic
669:*pangdan and
668:
664:
661:
657:
655:
650:
646:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
590:
586:
581:
555:
531:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
467:
452:
449:
444:
441:
436:
433:
428:
425:
420:
417:
412:
409:
406:
402:
398:
395:
392:
388:
385:
382:
378:
375:
370:
367:
362:
359:
354:
351:
348:
344:
341:
336:
333:
328:
325:
320:
317:
314:
310:
307:
303:
299:
296:
293:
289:
286:
283:
279:
275:
274:Athrodactylis
272:
271:
263:
260:
256:
253:
252:
250:
242:
237:
233:
228:
227:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
186:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:Tracheophytes
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
150:
145:
140:
136:
133:
132:
126:
122:
117:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
49:
43:
39:
33:
29:
26:
22:
4225:
4186:Paradise nut
4093:
4042:Black walnut
4016:Panda oleosa
4014:
3980:
3834:Beaked hazel
3719:
3697:
3668:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3609:. Retrieved
3595:
3589:
3583:
3575:
3552:
3511:
3505:
3495:
3483:. Retrieved
3476:the original
3447:
3443:
3433:
3421:. Retrieved
3394:(2): 71–77.
3391:
3387:
3378:
3370:
3358:. Retrieved
3320:
3307:
3285:(1): 66–76.
3282:
3278:
3272:
3262:27 September
3260:. Retrieved
3244:
3237:
3202:
3158:
3107:. New York:
3100:
3095:
3084:. Retrieved
3080:the original
3075:
3071:
3049:
3040:
3028:. Retrieved
3026:. 2016-11-30
3023:
3014:
3003:. Retrieved
2991:
2982:
2970:. Retrieved
2966:
2956:
2944:. Retrieved
2940:the original
2935:
2926:
2914:. Retrieved
2909:
2900:
2889:. Retrieved
2879:
2870:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2839:. Retrieved
2833:
2826:
2815:. Retrieved
2810:
2799:
2788:. Retrieved
2782:
2760:. Retrieved
2747:
2735:. Retrieved
2731:the original
2706:. Retrieved
2696:
2685:. Retrieved
2681:
2669:
2658:. Retrieved
2648:
2637:. Retrieved
2633:
2621:
2588:
2584:
2574:
2562:. Retrieved
2557:
2548:
2528:
2521:
2501:
2494:
2485:
2481:
2475:
2447:
2441:
2437:
2416:. Retrieved
2409:the original
2396:
2385:. Retrieved
2378:
2357:. Retrieved
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2332:the original
2322:
2305:
2299:
2290:
2286:
2247:
2241:
2237:
2205:
2199:
2187:. Retrieved
2177:
2171:
2133:
2106:
2094:
2081:
2069:
2057:
2045:
2033:
2016:
2003:
1991:
1979:
1963:
1947:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1903:
1886:
1874:
1866:
1854:
1842:
1835:
1822:
1810:
1794:
1782:
1770:
1757:
1741:
1725:
1709:
1697:
1685:
1665:
1649:
1637:
1625:
1609:
1597:
1585:
1573:
1561:
1549:
1537:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1449:
1437:
1425:
1413:
1401:
1394:
1377:
1365:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1323:
1276:
1260:
1250:
1225:
1220:
1213:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1177:
1150:
1143:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1097:
1090:
1079:
1066:
1058:
1050:
1033:
1032:; as ใบเตย (
1025:
1017:
1013:
998:
996:
979:
967:graves etc.
945:
943:
923:
919:
909:
903:
897:
889:
864:
848:
824:
821:
819:
808:
804:
796:
778:
776:
770:
764:
760:
751:
747:
740:
733:
727:
720:
713:
706:
699:
692:
685:
679:Austronesian
652:
648:
642:
582:
554:adventitious
536:
510:
506:
502:
499:Common names
465:
464:
463:
450:
442:
434:
426:
418:
410:
396:
386:
376:
368:
360:
353:Heterostigma
352:
342:
334:
326:
318:
308:
297:
287:
273:
248:
244:
225:
224:
188:
175:
162:
129:
31:
25:
4392:iNaturalist
4250:Wikispecies
4196:Peanut tree
4156:Angiosperms
4129:Korean pine
4069:Gymnosperms
4003:Wild karuka
3849:Asian hazel
3611:12 November
3516:were using
2967:SeriousEats
2873:(1): 31–61.
2762:18 December
2737:18 December
2708:18 December
2488:(2): 59–72.
2418:18 December
2314:10125/12577
2291:Microstigma
1970:R.E.Vaughan
1732:R.E.Vaughan
1656:R.E.Vaughan
1456:R.E.Vaughan
1291:decorations
1251:Throughout
1230:staple food
1139:maja blanca
1134:buko pandan
1130:Philippines
1104:pandan cake
1100:coconut jam
999:Daun pandan
956:South Asian
938:Pandan cake
918:are called
912:handicrafts
525:Description
519:Pandanaceae
369:Jeanneretia
304:ex Gaudich.
268:20 synonyms
215:Pandanaceae
182:Angiosperms
4528:Categories
4164:Brazil nut
4144:Stone pine
4089:Ginkgo nut
3919:Breadfruit
3485:25 October
3450:: 97–108.
3423:20 October
3418:7347063503
3360:25 October
3086:2014-09-03
3005:2022-11-29
2891:2012-09-24
2841:2016-10-20
2817:2012-09-24
2790:2012-09-24
2687:2012-09-24
2660:2012-09-24
2639:2012-09-24
2564:15 January
2402:"Pandanus"
2387:2012-09-24
2359:2012-09-24
2338:2005-10-10
2174:Parkinson"
2151:References
1908:Madagascar
1352:Acrostigma
1287:medication
1273:dilly bags
1234:New Guinea
1125:nasi lemak
1059:pulao data
1055:Vietnamese
1038:pronounced
1003:Indonesian
904:kinab-anan
894:Philippine
815:Micronesia
783:silicified
515:Pandanales
511:screw pine
507:screw palm
491:Madagascar
427:Souleyetia
387:Marquartia
343:Hasskarlia
319:Dorystigma
278:J.R.Forst.
205:Pandanales
46:30–0
4327:FloraBase
4169:Macadamia
4102:Bunya nut
4095:Araucaria
4047:Butternut
4032:Pistachio
4022:Pekea nut
3944:Gabon nut
3909:Betel nut
3861:Kurrajong
3807:Candlenut
3770:True, or
3472:981032990
3464:2337-389X
3410:2599-2856
3355:260177442
3347:0078-7558
3299:883021898
3257:224338489
3185:822591349
3135:cite book
3127:277203364
3050:kurma.net
3000:0971-751X
2992:The Hindu
2613:247378720
2605:1058-5893
2076:B.C.Stone
2023:Parkinson
1805:B.C.Stone
1801:H.St.John
1692:B.C.Stone
1604:H.St.John
1532:B.C.Stone
1372:H.St.John
1357:Benstonea
1350:subgenus
1301:. In the
1259:cooking.
1238:varieties
1173:Sri Lanka
1128:. In the
1108:Indonesia
1093:Sri Lanka
1071:Sinhalese
1007:Malaysian
930:weaving.
924:(lauhala)
839:elephants
811:Polynesia
787:Oligocene
728:fandrana,
718:Manggarai
651:given to
633:pineapple
585:dioecious
583:They are
517:, family
487:Old World
483:dioecious
422:de Vriese
411:Roussinia
361:Hombronia
335:Foullioya
313:de Vriese
232:Parkinson
152:Kingdom:
128:Fruit of
38:Oligocene
4534:Pandanus
4498:40000418
4493:Tropicos
4256:Pandanus
4235:Wikidata
4226:Pandanus
4114:Pine nut
4057:Heartnut
4027:Pili nut
4010:Mongongo
3988:Jack nut
3871:Palm nut
3856:Kola nut
3824:Hazelnut
3812:Chestnut
3802:Breadnut
3720:Pandanus
3673:Archived
3657:Archived
3640:Pandanus
3638:Sorting
3632:Pandanus
3221:82-62247
3030:28 April
2972:28 April
2946:28 April
2916:28 April
2859:section
2857:Pandanus
2476:Pandanus
2438:Pandanus
2287:Pandanus
2283:(1968).
2264:32883085
2238:Pandanus
2172:Pandanus
2121:See also
1998:Martelli
1817:Martelli
1767:- karuka
1764:Martelli
1680:Gallaher
1620:F.Muell.
1544:Martelli
1484:Martelli
1444:P.Beauv.
1408:Martelli
1391:– pandan
1348:Pandanus
1285:, food,
1278:ʻie toga
1269:textiles
1265:clothing
1261:Pandanus
1112:Malaysia
1034:bai toei
1030:Mandarin
1022:Filipino
992:Malaysia
984:Semporna
745:Hawaiian
738:Tahitian
725:Malagasy
711:Chamorro
663:*paŋudaN
639:Taxonomy
501:include
495:Malaysia
475:monocots
466:Pandanus
454:Gaudich.
451:Vinsonia
446:Gaudich.
438:Gaudich.
430:Gaudich.
414:Gaudich.
397:Pandanus
372:Gaudich.
364:Gaudich.
356:Gaudich.
338:Gaudich.
330:Gaudich.
327:Eydouxia
322:Gaudich.
298:Bryantia
292:Gaudich.
288:Barrotia
282:G.Forst.
259:Synonyms
249:Pandanus
247:List of
239:Species
226:Pandanus
211:Family:
195:Monocots
32:Pandanus
21:Pandalus
4410:31599-1
4371:5708186
4241:Q471914
4201:Soybean
3949:Hickory
3934:Coconut
3844:Filbert
3564:YouTube
3543:Puluwat
3535:Pulusuk
3514:Satawal
3279:Oceania
3229:9556314
2861:Maysops
2682:Fao.org
2189:18 June
2101:Balf.f.
2064:Henriq.
2040:Balf f.
1986:Balf.f.
1958:Balf.f.
1942:Balf.f.
1918:Thouars
1894:Forssk.
1881:Balf.f.
1849:Balf.f.
1789:Beentje
1752:Balf.f.
1720:Balf.f.
1704:Balf.f.
1616:C.Moore
1592:Balf.f.
1568:Thouars
1508:Balf.f.
1420:Balf.f.
1295:fishing
1253:Oceania
1246:walnuts
1165:basmati
1157:biryani
1145:gulaman
1063:Bengali
1026:bān lán
964:vanilla
928:Lauhala
916:Hawaiʻi
906:pattern
866:tepukei
799:coconut
793:Ecology
721:pandang
704:Tagalog
700:panadan
693:pangzan
690:Kavalan
686:pangran
610:⁄
596:⁄
589:flowers
575:⁄
565:⁄
546:⁄
479:species
443:Tuckeya
381:Forssk.
309:Doornia
251:species
221:Genus:
201:Order:
156:Plantae
4467:PLANTS
4459:928472
4443:NZOR:
4423:500462
4358:123748
4345:123748
4293:299931
4267:193378
4264:APDB:
4191:Peanut
4037:Walnut
3993:Karuka
3939:Durian
3924:Cashew
3899:Almond
3891:Drupes
3568:Futuna
3541:, and
3531:Woleai
3523:Ifalik
3518:dacron
3470:
3462:
3416:
3408:
3353:
3345:
3335:
3297:
3255:
3227:
3219:
3209:
3183:
3173:
3125:
3115:
2998:
2910:Saveur
2866:Blumea
2611:
2603:
2536:
2509:
2262:
2212:
2027:Du Roi
1972:&
1954:Barkly
1898:Kuntze
1829:Rendle
1734:&
1678:&
1676:Buerki
1672:Calim.
1658:&
1618:&
1458:&
1388:Lindl.
1297:, and
1224:nuts (
1222:Karuka
1212:) and
1197:kevada
1189:Kevada
1065:; and
1051:lá dứa
1024:; 斑蘭 (
1018:pandan
890:bayong
875:Temotu
837:, and
731:Tongan
714:pahong
707:pandan
683:Atayal
649:pandan
617:bracts
503:pandan
435:Sussea
401:Rumph.
391:Hassk.
280:&
42:Recent
4472:PANDA
4397:70025
4332:20923
4319:1PADG
4306:8W23Q
4280:73747
4098:spp.
4077:Cycad
3959:Pecan
3785:Beech
3780:Acorn
3642:names
3539:Pulap
3527:Elato
3479:(PDF)
3384:(PDF)
3317:(PDF)
3249:(PDF)
2756:(PDF)
2678:(PDF)
2630:(PDF)
2609:S2CID
2412:(PDF)
2405:(PDF)
2296:(PDF)
2260:S2CID
2113:Stone
2052:Warb.
2010:R.Br.
1974:Wiehe
1930:Huynh
1748:Horne
1736:Wiehe
1716:Horne
1660:Wiehe
1644:Huynh
1632:Roxb.
1580:Ridl.
1556:Solms
1496:Stone
1472:Solms
1460:Wiehe
1432:Warb.
1384:Roxb.
1344:Note:
1283:sails
1193:kewra
1185:Kevda
1180:Kewra
1171:. In
1161:pilaf
1120:curry
1106:. In
1075:Hindi
1067:rampe
1045:) in
1028:) in
1010:Malay
988:Sabah
980:tepoh
960:aroma
873:from
835:crabs
767:e.g.
765:hara;
761:whara
758:Māori
647:word
645:Malay
625:drupe
623:is a
621:fruit
471:genus
469:is a
419:Rykia
377:Keura
347:Walp.
189:Clade
176:Clade
163:Clade
4480:POWO
4436:4725
4431:NCBI
4418:ITIS
4405:IPNI
4384:8790
4379:GRIN
4366:GBIF
4314:EPPO
4288:BOLD
4275:APNI
3763:Nuts
3613:2021
3596:2020
3487:2018
3468:OCLC
3460:ISSN
3425:2018
3414:OCLC
3406:ISSN
3362:2018
3351:OCLC
3343:ISSN
3333:ISBN
3295:OCLC
3264:2018
3253:OCLC
3225:OCLC
3217:LCCN
3207:ISBN
3181:OCLC
3171:ISBN
3141:link
3123:OCLC
3113:ISBN
3032:2018
2996:ISSN
2974:2018
2948:2018
2918:2018
2764:2014
2739:2014
2710:2014
2601:ISSN
2566:2019
2534:ISBN
2507:ISBN
2420:2014
2210:ISBN
2191:2024
2088:Bory
1861:Bory
1777:Kurz
1520:Lam.
1267:and
1142:and
1118:and
1116:rice
1110:and
1102:and
1084:and
1073:and
1047:Thai
1005:and
976:Sama
954:and
920:hala
851:food
845:Uses
831:rats
827:bats
813:and
771:keke
769:hara
748:hala
741:fara
697:Thao
509:and
493:and
405:L.f.
302:Webb
245:See
54:PreꞒ
4506:WFO
4353:FoC
4340:FNA
4301:CoL
3600:doi
3562:on
3452:doi
3396:doi
3325:doi
3287:doi
3163:doi
2593:doi
2589:183
2452:doi
2310:hdl
2252:doi
2025:ex
1956:ex
1803:ex
1750:ex
1718:ex
1386:ex
1232:in
1195:or
1187:or
1151:In
1091:In
1069:in
1061:in
1053:in
1020:in
1001:in
774:).
763:or
473:of
403:ex
4530::
4508::
4495::
4482::
4469::
4456::
4433::
4420::
4407::
4394::
4381::
4368::
4355::
4342::
4329::
4316::
4303::
4290::
4277::
4252::
4237::
3594:.
3588:.
3537:,
3533:,
3529:,
3525:,
3510:.
3504:.
3466:.
3458:.
3448:5A
3412:.
3404:.
3392:21
3390:.
3386:.
3349:.
3341:.
3331:.
3293:.
3283:43
3281:.
3223:.
3215:.
3193:^
3179:.
3169:.
3149:^
3137:}}
3133:{{
3121:.
3103:.
3076:10
3074:.
3070:.
3058:^
3048:.
3022:.
2990:.
2965:.
2934:.
2908:.
2871:37
2869:.
2772:^
2718:^
2680:.
2632:.
2607:.
2599:.
2587:.
2583:.
2556:.
2484:.
2480:.
2464:^
2448:55
2446:.
2428:^
2368:^
2306:22
2304:.
2298:.
2272:^
2258:.
2248:38
2246:.
2224:^
2182:.
2176:.
2159:^
2134:Wa
1896:)
1674:,
1360:.
1293:,
1289:,
1281:;
1248:.
1148:.
1088:.
1077:.
1057:;
1049:,
1036:;
1012:;
990:,
986:,
974:A
888:A
877:,
833:,
829:,
817:.
743:;
736:;
734:fā
723:;
716:;
709:;
702:;
695:;
688:;
521:.
505:,
497:.
191::
178::
165::
104:Pg
48:Ma
3755:e
3748:t
3741:v
3685:.
3650:.
3615:.
3602::
3586:"
3582:"
3489:.
3454::
3427:.
3398::
3364:.
3327::
3301:.
3289::
3266:.
3231:.
3187:.
3165::
3143:)
3129:.
3089:.
3052:.
3034:.
3008:.
2976:.
2950:.
2920:.
2894:.
2844:.
2820:.
2793:.
2766:.
2741:.
2712:.
2690:.
2663:.
2642:.
2615:.
2595::
2568:.
2542:.
2515:.
2486:3
2478:"
2458:.
2454::
2422:.
2390:.
2380:7
2362:.
2341:.
2316:.
2312::
2266:.
2254::
2218:.
2193:.
2170:"
1892:(
1208:(
656:,
612:4
608:1
605:+
603:1
601:–
598:4
594:3
577:8
573:5
567:2
563:1
560:+
558:6
548:2
544:1
541:+
539:3
109:N
99:K
94:J
89:T
84:P
79:C
74:D
69:S
64:O
59:Ꞓ
40:-
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
