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172:
as a form of playing with words, as well as a kind of mental duel. In a parallel couplet, not only must the content, the parts of speech, the mythological and historico-geographical allusions, be all separately matched and balanced, but most of the tones must also be paired reciprocally. Even tones
22:
is a rhetorical device that compounds words or phrases that have equivalent meanings so as to create a definite pattern. This structure is particularly effective when "specifying or enumerating pairs or series of like things". A scheme of balance, parallelism represents "one of the basic principles
58:
In the above quote, three infinitive verb phrases produce the parallel structure supporting the noun "purpose". Note that this rhetorical device requires that the coordinate elements agree with one another grammatically: "nouns with nouns, infinitive verb phrases with infinitive verb phrases and
219:
are very common in languages around the world. Parallel structures in short passages such as proverbs help direct the listener or reader to compare the parallel elements and thus more easily deduce the point.
420:
Jakobson, Roman. 1987. "The Poetry of
Grammar and the Grammar of Poetry." In Language in Literature. K. Pomorska and S. Rudy, eds. Pp. 121-144. Cambridge, MA: The Belnap Press of Harvard University.
188:. Other research has found parallelisms in the languages of the Ural-Altaic area (including Finnish-Karelian folk poetry and the epics and songs of the Turkic and Mongolian peoples) and
30:
is used in many languages and cultures around the world in poetry, epics, songs, written prose and speech, from the folk level to the professional. An entire issue of the journal
168:
Chinese and
Vietnamese classical poetry and prose have frequently made use of parallelism. Conversations between learned men in many cases involved exchanging single
544:
Coyote Poems: Navajo Poetry, Intertextuality, and
Language Choice. Anthony K. Webster. 2004. Coyote Poems: Navajo Poetry, Intertextuality, and Language Choice.
1051:
34:
has been devoted to articles on parallelism in languages from all over. It is very often found in
Biblical poetry and in proverbs in general.
328:
62:
When the coordinate elements possess the same number of words (or in the example below, the same number of syllables) the scheme is termed
670:
486:
91:
in which a second couplet contrasts with the first. For example, synonymous and antithetical parallelism occur in
Revelation 22:11:
165:
pioneered the secular study of parallelism in poetic-linguistic traditions around the world, including his own
Russian tradition.
636:
602:
1338:
1044:
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The cow which leaves first will be broken at the horn; the cow which remains in the back will be broken at the tail. (
619:
468:
441:
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parallels and also in the poetry of many other cultures around the world, particularly in their oral traditions.
1111:
663:
386:
1597:
1037:
1313:
880:
184:. It has also been observed in a language of Indonesia (that Fox imprecisely referred to as "Rotinese") and
1343:
1293:
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1323:
1308:
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927:
656:
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When there is food in the house, what matter if a guest arrives? When there is faith, what is death? (
1429:
1298:
1263:
50:
In the quote above, the compounded adjectives serve as parallel elements and support the noun "law".
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Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. (
1191:
1121:
1076:
1363:
1348:
1186:
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Synonymous parallelism in which one couplet expresses similar concepts can also be combined with
1439:
745:
578:, revised and expanded ed. Peshawar, Pakistan: Interlit and Pashto Academy, Peshawar University.
54:
Her purpose was to impress the ignorant, to perplex the dubious, and to confound the scrupulous.
1534:
271:
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431:
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42:
The following sentences and verses possess "similarity in structure" in words and phrases:
8:
1514:
1489:
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752:
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The Jin Yong
Phenomenon: Chinese Martial Arts Fiction and Modern Chinese Literary History
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77:
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Parallelisms in artistic speech are common in some languages of
Mesoamerica, such as
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162:
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p. 216. James J. Fox. 1971. Semantic
Parallelism in Rotinese Ritual Language.
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William Bright. 1990. "With one lip, with two lips": Parallelism in
Nahuatl.
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232:
189:
169:
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from 2017, Volume 31, Issue 2: "Parallelism in Verbal Art and Performance".
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200:
150:
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Wounds caused by knives will heal, wounds caused by words will not heal. (
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James J. Fox. 1971. Semantic Parallelism in Rotinese Ritual Language.
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The truth has legs and ran away; the lie has no legs and must stay. (
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157:(parallelism of members, i.e. poetic lines) in his 1788 book,
939:
515:
Law, Danny. 2007. “Poetic Style in Colonial Ch’olti’ Mayan.”
574:
p. 181. Bartlotti, Leonard and Raj Wali Shah Khattak. 2006.
192:, suggesting wider distribution among Dravidian languages.
991:
631:. Berkley Publishing Group/Penguin Publishing. New York.
46:
She tried to make the law clear, precise and equitable.
173:are conjoined with inflected ones, and vice versa.
159:Lectures on the Sacred Poetry of the Hebrew Nation
1610:
1045:
664:
614:. Oxford University Press. New York, Oxford.
384:
207:, some prayers are formed with parallelisms.
546:American Indian Culture and Research Journal
533:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
409:Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde
133:Parallelisms of various sorts are the chief
429:
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76:My figured goblets for a dish of wood. –
1059:
517:Latin American Indian Literatures Journal
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70:I'll give my jewels for a set of beads,
1611:
456:
303:
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597:. Oxford University Press. New York.
522:
111:B and the righteous still do right.
59:adverb clauses with adverb clauses."
430:Ann Huss, Ann; Liu, Jianmei (2007).
370:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
310:
74:My gay apparel for an almsman's gown
595:Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms
339:Corbett and Connors, 1999. p. 45-46
298:
99:A Let the evildoer still do evil,
72:My gorgeous palace for a hermitage,
13:
460:The History of Buddhism in Vietnam
104:A' and the filthy still be filthy,
14:
1635:
358:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
1593:
1592:
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535:Deel 127, 2de Afl., pp. 215-255.
411:Deel 127, 2de Afl., pp. 215-255.
319:Corbett and Connors, 1999. p. 45
307:Corbett and Connors, 1999. p. 46
116:B' and the holy still be holy.
1112:Computer-mediated communication
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551:
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436:. Cambria Press. p. 223.
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387:"PARALLELISM IN HEBREW POETRY"
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641:Special issue of the journal
610:and Connors, Robert J. 1999.
1234:Text and conversation theory
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563:Oral Literature in Africa.
23:of grammar and rhetoric".
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629:The Elements of Eloquence
484:Chinese Poetic Literature
373:Online version of article
1192:Nonviolent communication
1122:History of communication
565:Oxford University Press.
457:Nguyen, Tai Thu (2008).
389:. JewishEncyclopedia.com
128:
89:antithetical parallelism
1187:Nonverbal communication
1177:Models of communication
155:parallelismus membrorum
493:ChinaVista, 1996-2010.
272:Antithetic parallelism
256:proverb from Ethiopia)
85:
56:
48:
1339:Mediated cross-border
1061:Communication studies
608:Corbett, Edward P. J.
463:. CRVP. p. 200.
367:Catholic Encyclopedia
68:
52:
44:
1274:Communication theory
1269:Communication design
348:Baldick, 2008. p. 17
145:and in multiples of
1004:Rhetorical question
612:Style and Statement
361:"Parallelism"
1304:Discourse analysis
1229:Telecommunications
1172:Meta-communication
489:2008-05-04 at the
385:Casanowicz, I. M.
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1605:
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1026:
798:Hysteron proteron
680:Figures of speech
637:978-0-425-27618-1
603:978-0-19-920827-2
180:(Aztec) and some
170:parallel couplets
28:rhetorical device
26:Parallelism as a
16:Rhetorical device
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519:23 (2): 142–6.
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201:Sierra Leone
194:
175:
167:
158:
154:
151:Robert Lowth
132:
86:
69:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
31:
25:
19:
18:
1264:Closed-loop
1127:Information
1089:terminology
886:Catachresis
871:Antonomasia
866:Antiphrasis
808:Parallelism
758:Epanalepsis
721:Aposiopesis
701:Anadiplosis
548:28.4:69-91.
393:December 7,
329:Open access
78:Shakespeare
20:Parallelism
1613:Categories
1580:Wertheimer
1460:Horkheimer
1197:Propaganda
1152:Mass media
1147:Journalism
1087:Topics and
1014:Synecdoche
918:Dysphemism
891:Ecphonesis
881:Apostrophe
823:Spoonerism
813:Polyptoton
793:Hyperbaton
768:Epistrophe
753:Consonance
716:Antithesis
137:device of
135:rhetorical
82:Richard II
1364:Technical
1349:Political
1257:Subfields
1182:New media
1019:Tautology
945:Apophasis
923:Euphemism
906:Hyperbole
896:Ekphrasis
788:Hypallage
778:Hendiadys
773:Epizeuxis
763:Epiphrase
731:Asyndeton
726:Assonance
293:Footnotes
282:Exergasia
1624:Rhetoric
1598:Category
1550:Richards
1475:Jakobson
1455:Habermas
1410:Castells
1400:Benjamin
1378:Scholars
982:Pleonasm
972:Oxymoron
967:Metonymy
962:Metaphor
935:Innuendo
911:Adynaton
876:Aphorism
861:Allusion
856:Allegory
828:Symploce
803:Isocolon
736:Chiasmus
706:Anaphora
627:. 2014.
593:. 2008.
561:. 1970.
557:460 ff.
504:Language
487:Archived
277:Chiasmus
267:Anaphora
261:See also
242:proverb)
235:proverb)
228:proverb)
217:proverbs
211:Proverbs
143:tristich
64:isocolon
38:Examples
1619:Grammar
1570:Tankard
1565:Shannon
1560:Schramm
1545:Quebral
1540:Postman
1530:Packard
1510:McLuhan
1505:Marcuse
1500:Luhmann
1495:Lippman
1490:Kincaid
1485:Johnson
1450:Goffman
1445:Gerbner
1435:Flusser
1415:Chomsky
1395:Bateson
1390:Barthes
1359:Science
1289:Climate
1239:Writing
1207:Reading
1157:Meaning
1077:Outline
1072:History
957:Litotes
950:Sarcasm
928:Meiosis
688:Schemes
585:Sources
240:Yiddish
226:English
195:In the
178:Nahuatl
147:distich
141:in the
1575:Tannen
1555:Rogers
1535:Peirce
1520:Morgan
1465:Huxley
1440:Gasset
1430:Fisher
1385:Adorno
1369:Visual
1319:Health
1314:Global
1284:Crisis
1217:Symbol
1212:Speech
1009:Simile
848:Tropes
838:Zeugma
833:Tmesis
741:Climax
635:
618:
601:
467:
440:
254:Alaaba
205:Guinea
186:Navajo
1480:Janis
1470:Innis
1425:Ellul
1420:Craig
1405:Burke
1162:Media
940:Irony
233:Tamil
129:Forms
1515:Mead
1354:Risk
1329:Mass
1222:list
746:Anti
633:ISBN
616:ISBN
599:ISBN
465:ISBN
438:ISBN
395:2011
203:and
190:Toda
1525:Ong
992:Pun
1615::
524:^
364:.
312:^
300:^
161:.
80:,
66::
1053:e
1046:t
1039:v
672:e
665:t
658:v
473:.
446:.
397:.
375:.
249:)
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