666:– Originally, the Organizing Committee of the XXV Summer Olympic Games (COOB'92) as the first unified Organizing Committee, proposed to the ICC and the IOC the use of the same logo as the Olympic Games, but with the removal of the Olympic rings and in their place the word "Paralympics". Both the IOC and ICC rejected the proposal and in the second version the 5 pa used in Seoul were added. However, the proposal was again rejected. A third proposal was created and was accepted by the two committees. The new logo symbolized an individual (man or woman) in a dynamic attitude in a wheelchair, "a human figure in a sports attitude". This design was an adapted version of the Olympic logo, with a simple modification: the athlete's legs were replaced by a circle symbolizing the spinning world, a wheelchair, and the adapted sport.
955:, the Paralympic torch had the role is to maintain the engagement on the host country and keep the energy dissipated in the Olympic Games. With the exception of the 1992 Summer and 1994 Winter Games, when the Olympic flame was conserved at the host city for use at the Paralympic Games. Each city performed its specific ritual days after the closing ceremony and in a unique way respecting its local culture and since then it has been normal for each one to take the Paralympic relay to places where its Olympic counterpart did not go, as was the case in the Atlanta 1996 relay. The first time that the current Paralympic torch relay concept was used was for the
395:(ICC) modify the Paralympic logo due to the similarity between the five-pa symbol and the Olympic emblem, and therefore the potential for confusion between the two. In November 1991, IPC members voted against adopting a new logo comprising six overlapping pas in a circle (representing the then 6 IPC regions - Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe, Middle East and Oceania), opting instead to retain the five-pa symbol. Nevertheless, the IOC made it clear that it would refuse future collaborations with the IPC if the five-pa symbol remained in place.
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835:. For the first time, a Paralympic Games shared the exact same emblem as its corresponding Olympics, with no difference or variation to reflect the two events, indicating common "ambitions". When shown to the public, it was explained that "In terms of legacy, Paris City believes that around the world, the people could strengthen the place of sport in their daily life and whatever the age, whatever the disability or ability, all the persons have a place and a role to play in the success of Paris 2024."
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959:. The Salt Lake City 2002 Winter Olympics and Paralympics Organizing Committee (SLOOC) selected 15 communities in the state of Utah to host their local celebrations between the period of March 1–4, 2002 when they lit their local flames. After the local stages were carried out and at the end each torch was sent inside a lantern to Salt Lake City. At the evening before the Opening ceremonies, the 15 flames were merged in a special cauldron at the front of the
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787:– "sochi2014.ru" was the only Paralympic emblem to include a web address. The mirror created by "Sochi" and "2014" reflects Sochi's status as a meeting point between sea and mountains. The same essential logo shape was used for both the Olympic and Paralympic Games, but with different colours and the agitos replacing the Olympic Rings. The emblem was released on 12 December 2009, 11 days after the emblem for the
699:– The Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games logo embodies the vitality of Sydney, the spirit of Australia, and the ability and achievement of the Paralympic athlete. The logo depicts a dynamic human form—represented by three graphic shapes—leaping triumphantly forward and "breaking through" towards the Paralympic Games in 2000. It also portrays the Paralympic torch and echoes the sails of Sydney's greatest landmark, the
717:– The logo for the Salt Lake Paralympics can be split into three distinct parts making up the whole. The sphere at the top represents both the global unity and the new moment of the Paralympic Movement and also the head of the Paralympic athlete, which the overall logo appears to depict. The two broad fluid lines represent the athlete in motion with the three tae-guks, the then IPC logo, beneath the athlete.
735:. This design aimed to embody the strength and determination of the Paralympic athlete. It features the profile of an athlete looking forward, symbolising optimism for the future. At the same time, this human face attempts to reflect the individual's willpower and determination to succeed in all pursuits. The face's lines are smooth, and the chosen colours are warm and bright shades of orange.
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803:– This logo featured the Korean letter symbolising snow, ice, and the Paralympic athletes. The two letters together were said to portray a grand festival for the athletes, the audience, and everyone around the globe. The letters sitting side-by-side also signified equality, with South Korea's five cardinal colours being used to represent the uniqueness of each individual.
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809:– The Paralympic emblem featured the same indigo-coloured checkerboard that was part of the Olympic logo, but positioned as hand fan in a circle form. The design was intended to "express a refined elegance and sophistication that exemplifies the Japanese design". The design replaced a previous design scrapped due to allegations that it plagiarized the logo of the
1253:"In the name of all the competitors, I promise that we shall take part in these Paralympic Games, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them, committing ourselves to a sport without doping and without drugs, in the true spirit of sportsmanship for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams."
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Each
Paralympic Games version has a unique emblem that exemplifies its vision and ideals, much like the Olympic Games. Every emblem is individual and respects the local design and personality of the host nation. Each Paralympic Games version has a unique emblem that exemplifies its vision and ideals,
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where bearers from all 10 provinces and 3 Canadian territories participated in the
Canadian capital, the flame was born through a ritual carried out by representatives of all Canadian indigenous nations who used their traditional methods to and in the end the ashes were collected and placed in a box
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had local legs. These rituals were performed in 9 selected cities and communities in
British Columbia. In the early hours of the morning of the day of the opening ceremony, all the boxes with the ashes were opened in a special ceremony also with the first peoples, and the Paralympic flame was born
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on 13 July 2004 in
Beijing, the logo for the Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games was in the form of an athlete in motion. It was intended to embody the tremendous efforts that persons with a disability must make in sport as well as in everyday life. The three agitos colours were used in a different way,
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for "I move") is a symbol of movement in the shape of an asymmetrical crescent. The colours of the agitos with the white background represent the three most widely represented colours in national flags around the world. The three agitos encircle a centre point, to emphasize "the role that the
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and was published on 4 June 2007. It was similar to the traditional
Olympic logo with minor changes, notably the addition of the words "Paralympic Games" and the agitos in place of the Olympic Rings. A representation of the number 2012, the Paralympic agitos were embedded within the zero. The
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Paralympic Committee (IPC) has of bringing athletes from all corners of the world together and enabling them to compete". The shape also symbolises the Paralympic vision "to enable Paralympic athletes to achieve sporting excellence and inspire and excite the world".
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following the announcement of a national competition. It represents a simplified form of the
Chinese character ‘naga’ for Nagano. It also includes a rabbit jumping and playing in snow or on ice. This figure was combined with the Games details and the former IPC logo of three
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In the name of all coaches and other members of the athletes entourage, I promise that we shall commit ourselves to ensuring that the spirit of sportsmanship and fair play is fully adhered to and upheld in accordance with the fundamental principles of the
Paralympic
682:– Entitled "Starfire", the logo for the Atlanta Paralympics was meant to represent the fulfilment of an athlete's dream and the phoenix myth. The fifth point of the star, revealed by the ‘dynamic flow of the rings’ represents the fulfilment of the athletes’ quest.
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October 2019, the IPC unveiled a new corporate identity and a refreshed version of the emblem; the three crescents were changed to have a "stricter" geometry with consistent shapes and alignment, and the colours were brightened to match those used in the
859:- The emblems for the 2028 Summer Olympics and Paralympics were unveiled on September 1, 2020, featuring an "A" reflecting the cultural diversity of Los Angeles. The "final A" will be revealed during the closing ceremony of the 2024 Summer Paralympic Games.
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for various
Paralympic emblems. Those designs incorporates their version of the Paralympic symbol, used at the time, the name and year of the event, and one or more distinctive and cultural elements of the host country or city to identify the event.
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2032:, usually an animal native to the area or occasionally human figures representing the cultural heritage. Nowadays, most of the merchandise aimed at young people focuses on the mascots, rather than the Paralympic flag or organization logos.
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standard colours are also green, magenta, orange and blue. In order to differentiate the two logos, tactile and colourful lines and marks were used within the number 2012. The emblem was released on the same day as the emblem for the
1271:"In the name of all the judges and officials, I promise that we shall officiate in these Paralympic Games with complete impartiality, respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them, in the true spirit of sportsmanship."
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326:. The IPC also announced a new "brand narrative" of "Change Starts with Sport", to "better communicate the transformational impact the Paralympic Movement has on society and drive the human rights agenda."
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Following the Games, calls emerged for the "heritage flame" to become a permanent tradition of the Paralympics. In August 2013, this process was made official as part of a partnership between the IPC and
1064:. In October 2023, it was announced that future Paralympic torch relays would officially begin with a flame created in Stoke Mandeville, in a direct parallel to the traditional Olympic flame lighting in
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representing the sun (red), the sky (blue) and the earth (green). They were also intended to reflect the integration of heart, body, and spirit, which are at the core values of
963:.At the early hours of the next morning, the last leg of the 2002 Winter Paralympic flame relay started and during the Opening Ceremonies the Paralympic cauldron was lit by
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The Paralympic symbol consists of three agitos, coloured red, blue, and green, the three colours that are most widely represented in national flags around the world.
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as a modernisation of a tri-coloured emblem first adopted in 1992. It was used in a formal capacity for the first time during the closing ceremony of the
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and combined with the heritage flame during a ceremony on 28 August 2012, creating a singular flame for the final leg of the torch relay to
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was announced as the emblem of the 2026 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. The Paralympic version is recoloured with a red, blue, and green
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on it. The Paralympic Order is awarded to individuals for particularly distinguished contribution to the Paralympic Movement.
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was introduced in 2004 at the Paralympic Games in Athens. The previous motto was "Mind, Body, Spirit", introduced in 1994.
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The Paralympic medals awarded to winners are another symbol associated with the Paralympic Games. The medals are made of
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797:– A stylized heart in 3D, this logo symbolised inclusion, passion, tolerance, and the warmth of Brazilian people.
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The Paralympic Order is the highest award of the Paralympic Movement. The recipients get a medal with the
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generating sparks with her wheelchair to create the flame, and the torch lit by fellow wheelchair athlete
1028:, in honour of its role as the birthplace of the Paralympic movement. The four flames were transported to
819:– This logo featured a paralympic seated skier with a Chinese ribbon motif and the Chinese character "飞" (
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Following this agreement between the IOC and the IPC, the five-pa symbol would be discontinued after the
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The judge, also from the host nation, holds a corner of the flag but takes a slightly different oath:
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For each Paralympic Games, the medals are designed differently, reflecting the host of the games.
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The coach, from the host nation, holds a corner of the flag but takes a slightly different oath:
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831:- The emblem for the 2024 Summer Olympics and Paralympics was unveiled on 21 October 2019 at the
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841:- On 30 March 2021, following a public vote between two candidates, a design named "Futura" by
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in Athens, where a new Paralympic flag with the emblem was handed over to Beijing, host of the
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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2606:"Athletes, artists and celebrities create unique logos for the 2028 L.A. Olympics"
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984:.In addition to Ottawa, outside British Columbia, local celebrations were held in
688:– The logo design selected for the Nagano 1998 Winter Paralympics was designed by
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2632:"Celebrities, Artists, Athletes Contribute To Animated Logo For 2028 LA Olympics"
2580:"L.A. 2028 unveils dynamic Olympics logo, updated by athletes and celeb creators"
2529:"Milan Cortina 2026 unveil "Futura" design as Winter Olympic and Paralympic logo"
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when indigenous celebrations were held between 3–12 March 2010. They started in
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An introduction to emblems and mascots of Paralympic Games (photos attached)
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The athlete, from the team of the organizing country, holds a corner of the
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Athletes and judges that have taken the Paralympic Oath are listed below.
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China opens Beijing Paralympic Games in celebration of life and humanity
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The first Paralympic Oath was taken at the first Paralympic Games, in
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Starting in 2022, the International Paralympic Committee introduced
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The current version of the Paralympic flag was first flown in 2019.
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380:. The first Paralympic flag used five pas arranged similarly to the
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2203:"Refreshed IPC logo designed to give "parity" with Olympic Rings"
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International Paralympic Committee – The IPC logo, motto and flag
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The Paralympic Oath is recited at the opening ceremonies of each
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IPC Handbook – Bylaws Governance and Organizational Structure
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2082:. International Paralympic Committee. 2003. Archived from
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3184:"Sochi 2014 Paralympic Opening Ceremony lights up Russia"
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officiating Paralympic referees and other officials, and
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The first designated Paralympic logo was created for the
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The symbol of the Paralympic Games is composed of three "
3263:"The Paralympic pioneers who helped create a PLY legacy"
2555:"'Futura' is the official emblem of Milano Cortina 2026"
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Vancouver 2010 paralympic games Emblem Graphic standards
2353:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2334:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2280:, The Official Website of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2130:"No. 18: The Agitos, the Paralympic symbol is unveiled"
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The concept used in these editions was refined for the
2740:"Mountain cauldrons will spark Paralympic torch relay"
1308:. The first oath (an Athlete's Oath) was taken at the
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coaches and other members of the athletes entourage.
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The Paralympic flag has a white background, with the
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Beijing Paralympics Emblem unveiled (photo attached)
1198:. The anthem was approved by the IPC in March 1996.
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The second Paralympic symbol (1994–2004) used three
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Athlete first: a history of the paralympic movement
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1004:; four regional cauldrons were lit in each of the
338:The first Paralympic symbol (1988–1994) used five
3103:, English People's Daily Online, 7 September 2008
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2178:"IPC Launches New Look: Change Starts with Sport"
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2344:Emblems of Paralympic Summer Games – Athens 2004
993:and made its way to the opening ceremony at the
265:The Paralympic motto is "Spirit in Motion". The
2997:"Graeme Connors adds Lyrics to Paralympic Hymn"
2717:"London 2012: Scouts to spark Paralympic flame"
2697:"2010 Paralympic Torch Relay: Daily Highlights"
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2672:"Journey of Fire lites the Paralympic Spirit"
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1978:List of recipients of the Paralympic Order
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1300:. The Paralympic Oath is identical to the
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491:Learn how and when to remove this message
72:Learn how and when to remove this message
3280:Official site of the Paralympic Movement
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3158:"Paralympic Games 'return home' to UK"
3113:Paralympic Games kick off in Vancouver
2886:Fullbrook, By Danny (6 October 2023).
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2454:"Get involved: Handover - London 2012"
2428:"Get involved: Handover – London 2012"
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3053:. 6 September 2008. Archived from
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2984:International Paralympic Committee
2948:International Paralympic Committee
2559:International Paralympic Committee
2308:International Paralympic Committee
2182:International Paralympic Committee
2165:International Paralympic Committee
2134:International Paralympic Committee
2059:
1318:Paralympic Games in London in 2012
1208:
1144:International Paralympic Committee
572:International Paralympic Committee
391:(IOC) formally requested that the
251:International Paralympic Committee
25:
3752:
3273:
3047:"Summary of the Opening Ceremony"
2912:Burke, Patrick (6 October 2023).
2808:Goddard, Emily (3 January 2013).
2738:Taylor, Jerome (15 August 2012).
2402:"London 2012 logo to be unveiled"
2119:
3539:1984 New York / Stoke Mandeville
3321:
3156:Michael Hirst (30 August 2012).
2773:Williams, Tim (22 August 2012).
1332:
1314:Olympic Games in Sapporo in 1972
1310:Olympic Games in Antwerp in 1920
902:
878:
760:as well as the Paralympic Games.
570:It is the responsibility of the
564:Category:Winter Paralympic Games
560:Category:Summer Paralympic Games
507:
445:
94:
33:
3741:Anthems of sports organizations
3255:
3241:
3225:
3198:
3176:
3125:
3106:
3039:
3030:Paralympic Winter Games History
2989:
2962:
2936:
2905:
2879:
2853:
2827:
2801:
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2297:
1989:
389:International Olympic Committee
370:: 巴}, two of which make up the
3205:The Paralympian – Issue 1/2010
3186:. paralympic.org. 7 March 2014
3122:, National Post, 12 March 2010
2834:Butler, Nick (8 August 2013).
2264:
2249:
2195:
2170:
2147:
1080:silver (commonly described as
1046:Buckinghamshire County Council
522:format but may read better as
358:decorative component called a
13:
1:
3715:Postponed to 2021 due to the
2505:(in Italian). 30 March 2021.
2052:
555:much like the Olympic Games.
3141:, AbbyNews.com, 8 March 2010
2080:"New Logo and Motto for IPC"
1631:José Manuel Rodríguez Ibáñez
772:– This logo was designed by
376:symbol at the center of the
7:
2035:
1323:
821:
471:the claims made and adding
354:and based on a traditional
329:
198:European Para Championships
10:
3757:
3379:
3051:Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
2719:. BBC News. 15 August 2012
2154:New Logo and Motto for IPC
2042:List of Paralympic mascots
2017:
2013:
2002:. It was first awarded to
1975:
1291:
1201:Australian country singer
384:and coloured identically.
277:
249:, and symbols used by the
3713:
3643:1992 Tignes / Albertville
3612:
3498:
3433:
3342:
3333:
2659:Games symbols and mascots
1958:
1956:
1946:
1932:
1929:
1919:
1905:
1900:
1890:
1341:This section needs to be
1172:
1161:
1150:
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1129:
1123:
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1098:
1071:
1030:Stoke Mandeville Hospital
926:
918:
910:
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888:
886:
877:
873:
753:China Millennium Monument
3703:2034 Salt Lake City–Utah
2748:. London. Archived from
2387:26 February 2010 at the
2330:7 September 2008 at the
1054:Stoke Mandeville Stadium
743:Benincasa-Husmann Studio
260:
3549:1992 Barcelona / Madrid
1948:2024 Summer Paralympics
1921:2022 Winter Paralympics
1892:2020 Summer Paralympics
1876:2018 Winter Paralympics
1858:2016 Summer Paralympics
1840:2014 Winter Paralympics
1822:2012 Summer Paralympics
1803:2010 Winter Paralympics
1784:2008 Summer Paralympics
1765:2006 Winter Paralympics
1739:2004 Summer Paralympics
1722:2002 Winter Paralympics
1703:2000 Summer Paralympics
1677:1998 Winter Paralympics
1660:1996 Summer Paralympics
1643:1994 Winter Paralympics
1626:1992 Summer Paralympics
1602:1992 Winter Paralympics
1585:1988 Summer Paralympics
1570:1988 Winter Paralympics
1539:1984 Summer Paralympics
1524:1984 Winter Paralympics
1505:1980 Summer Paralympics
1490:1980 Winter Paralympics
1473:1976 Summer Paralympics
1458:1976 Winter Paralympics
1441:1972 Summer Paralympics
1424:1968 Summer Paralympics
1407:1964 Summer Paralympics
1390:1960 Summer Paralympics
1138:Official anthem of the
1050:2014 Winter Paralympics
1002:2012 Summer Paralympics
973:2010 Winter Paralympics
957:2002 Winter Paralympics
953:1988 Summer Paralympics
949:2010 Winter Paralympics
863:
655:Tignes-Albertville 1992
531:converting this section
431:2004 Summer Paralympics
419:1994 Winter Paralympics
412:1992 Winter Paralympics
348:1988 Summer Paralympics
316:2006 Winter Paralympics
312:2008 Summer Paralympics
308:2004 Summer Paralympics
3469:Participating nations
3034:U.S. Olympic Committee
2974:26 August 2016 at the
2533:www.insidethegames.biz
2484:4 January 2016 at the
2246:), Sportmuseum Leipzig
2207:www.insidethegames.biz
729:Erichthonius of Athens
707:, the warm red of the
407:
343:
287:
203:Parapan American Games
3137:12 March 2010 at the
3057:on 12 September 2008.
1048:; beginning with the
943:Flame and torch relay
889:The Paralympic agitos
401:
337:
285:
3210:19 June 2010 at the
3076:19 June 2010 at the
2702:5 March 2010 at the
2368:6 March 2010 at the
2349:26 July 2009 at the
2276:4 March 2010 at the
2238:5 March 2012 at the
2159:6 April 2008 at the
1186:, also known as the
1104:Anthem of the Future
304:Scholz & Friends
3689:2026 Milano Cortina
3658:2002 Salt Lake City
3579:2016 Rio de Janeiro
3286:The Paralympic Flag
2782:The Daily Telegraph
2678:on 11 December 2004
2434:on 4 September 2012
2258:, by Steve Bailey,
1756:Vlassis Tamvakieras
1371:
1306:Pierre de Coubertin
1240:while reciting the
1126:
870:
839:Milano Cortina 2026
378:flag of South Korea
18:Paralympic medalist
3736:Paralympic symbols
3353:Final torchbearers
3327:Paralympic symbols
2640:. 1 September 2020
2586:. 1 September 2020
2271:Paralympic Emblems
2209:. 13 February 2020
2020:Paralympic mascots
2004:Ragnhild Myklebust
1852:Alexander Nazarov
1648:Cato Zahl Pedersen
1607:Ludovic Rey-Robert
1367:
1103:
1038:opening ceremonies
961:Utah State Capitol
868:
701:Sydney Opera House
533:, if appropriate.
456:possibly contains
437:Paralympic emblems
408:
344:
288:
243:Paralympic symbols
193:African Para Games
172:Winter Paralympics
167:Summer Paralympics
52:You can assist by
3723:
3722:
3717:COVID-19 pandemic
3623:1976 Örnsköldsvik
3393:
3392:
3385:Paralympic poster
3375:Paralympic mascot
3118:22 March 2010 at
3007:on 6 January 2002
2610:Los Angeles Times
2479:Paralympic Emblem
2460:on 29 August 2008
2293:Paralympic Anorak
1969:
1968:
1953:Sandrine Martinet
1870:Amaury Veríssimo
1863:Phelipe Rodrigues
1845:Valery Redkozubov
1362:
1361:
1184:Paralympic Anthem
1180:
1179:
1132:Hymne der Zukunft
1130:Hymne de l’Avenir
1124:Hymne der Zukunft
1111:Hymne de l’Avenir
980:that was sent to
934:Paralympic symbol
930:
929:
843:Landor Associates
659:Jean-Michel Folon
613:Örnsköldsvik 1976
552:
551:
501:
500:
493:
458:original research
273:Paralympic symbol
239:
238:
82:
81:
74:
16:(Redirected from
3748:
3696:2030 French Alps
3678:2018 PyeongChang
3648:1994 Lillehammer
3595:2028 Los Angeles
3427:Paralympic Games
3420:
3413:
3406:
3397:
3396:
3380:Paralympic motto
3348:Paralympic flame
3338:Parlympic emblem
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3232:Paralympic Order
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2950:. 6 October 2023
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2612:. September 2020
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2456:. Archived from
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2430:. Archived from
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2095:
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2026:Paralympic Games
1972:Paralympic Order
1964:Arnaud Assoumani
1907:Yumiko Taniguchi
1831:Richard Allcroft
1775:Mauro Scanacapra
1770:Fabrizio Zardini
1752:
1744:Maria Kalpakidou
1690:
1615:
1381:Judge (Official)
1372:
1366:
1357:
1354:
1348:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1215:Paralympic Games
1140:Paralympic Games
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1125:
1118:
1112:
1102:
1026:Stoke Mandeville
1014:Northern Ireland
906:
891:
890:
882:
871:
867:
857:Los Angeles 2028
849:to symbolise an
824:
811:Théâtre de Liège
801:Pyeongchang 2018
672:– Depicting the
670:Lillehammer 1994
547:
544:
538:
529:You can help by
511:
510:
503:
496:
489:
485:
482:
476:
473:inline citations
449:
448:
441:
255:Paralympic Games
231:
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188:Asian Para Games
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88:Paralympic Games
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3608:
3607:
3524:1972 Heidelberg
3494:
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3424:
3394:
3389:
3370:Paralympic Hymn
3343:Paralympic flag
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3319:
3276:
3271:
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3256:
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3216:The Paralympian
3212:Wayback Machine
3203:
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3139:Wayback Machine
3130:
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3099:
3092:
3078:Wayback Machine
3071:Paralympic Oath
3069:
3062:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3027:
3020:
3010:
3008:
3001:The Paralympian
2995:
2994:
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2976:Wayback Machine
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2745:The Independent
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2710:
2704:Wayback Machine
2695:
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2535:. 30 March 2021
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2087:
2086:on 6 April 2008
2078:
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2047:Olympic symbols
2038:
2022:
2016:
1992:
1980:
1974:
1746:
1727:Sarah Billmeier
1684:
1609:
1560:Ronald Nicholls
1558:
1547:
1544:Ólavur Kongsbak
1515:Henk Boersbroek
1369:Paralympic Oath
1358:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1294:
1265:Officials' Oath
1238:Paralympic Flag
1211:
1209:Paralympic Oath
1188:Paralympic Hymn
1146:
1137:
1131:
1114:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1074:
1058:Hannah Cockroft
1034:Olympic Stadium
945:
936:in the centre.
922:20 October 2019
866:
758:Chinese culture
690:Sadahiko Kojima
601:Heidelberg 1972
548:
542:
539:
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245:are the icons,
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3668:2010 Vancouver
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3633:1984 Innsbruck
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2867:. 1 March 2014
2865:Paralympic.org
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2840:insidethegames
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537:is available.
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516:This section
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387:In 1991, the
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382:Olympic rings
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62:November 2023
55:
49:
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42:This article
40:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3683:2022 Beijing
3614:Winter Games
3600:
3593:
3569:2008 Beijing
3554:1996 Atlanta
3529:1976 Toronto
3500:Summer Games
3489:
3460:Medal tables
3358:Torch relays
3326:
3257:
3243:
3227:
3200:
3188:. Retrieved
3178:
3166:. Retrieved
3161:
3127:
3108:
3055:the original
3050:
3041:
3009:. Retrieved
3005:the original
3000:
2991:
2964:
2952:. Retrieved
2947:
2938:
2926:. Retrieved
2917:
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
2891:
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2864:
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2839:
2829:
2817:. Retrieved
2813:
2803:
2791:. Retrieved
2780:
2768:
2756:. Retrieved
2751:the original
2743:
2733:
2721:. Retrieved
2711:
2692:
2680:. Retrieved
2676:the original
2666:
2654:
2642:. Retrieved
2635:
2626:
2614:. Retrieved
2609:
2600:
2588:. Retrieved
2583:
2574:
2562:. Retrieved
2558:
2549:
2537:. Retrieved
2532:
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2503:Agenzia ANSA
2502:
2493:
2474:
2462:. Retrieved
2458:the original
2448:
2436:. Retrieved
2432:the original
2422:
2410:. Retrieved
2396:
2377:
2358:
2339:
2299:
2266:
2260:Google Books
2251:
2211:. Retrieved
2206:
2197:
2185:. Retrieved
2181:
2172:
2149:
2137:. Retrieved
2133:
2088:. Retrieved
2084:the original
2023:
2008:Kevin Coombs
1993:
1990:Post-nominal
1981:
1941:Chen Jianxin
1930:Zhang Liheng
1881:Lee Ju-seung
1813:Linda Kirton
1713:Mary Longden
1708:Tracey Cross
1665:Trischa Zorn
1395:Franco Rossi
1368:
1363:
1350:
1342:
1302:Olympic Oath
1298:Rome in 1960
1295:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1264:
1261:Judges' Oath
1260:
1259:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1212:
1200:
1187:
1183:
1181:
1168:, March 1996
1094:
1075:
1042:
1006:Home Nations
999:
946:
938:
931:
817:Beijing 2022
749:Beijing 2008
680:Atlanta 1996
607:Toronto 1976
569:
557:
553:
540:
535:Editing help
517:
487:
478:
455:
416:
409:
403:
386:
371:
359:
345:
339:
320:
301:
289:
264:
242:
240:
150:
136:Medal tables
68:
59:
46:copy editing
44:may require
43:
26:
3653:1998 Nagano
3574:2012 London
3564:2004 Athens
3559:2000 Sydney
3534:1980 Arnhem
3443:Host cities
3168:19 February
2644:2 September
2616:2 September
2590:2 September
1827:Liz Johnson
1789:Wu Chunmiao
1747: [
1685: [
1610: [
1549:John Harris
1446:Marga Floer
1429:Zvi Ben-Zvi
1412:Shigeo Aono
1375:Paralympics
1353:August 2021
1082:gold medals
1078:gold-plated
990:Québec City
969:Muffy Davis
813:in Belgium.
774:Wolff Olins
770:London 2012
739:Torino 2006
721:Athens 2004
697:Sydney 2000
686:Nagano 1998
619:Arnhem 1980
423:Lillehammer
410:During the
121:Host cities
103:Main topics
3730:Categories
3673:2014 Sochi
3663:2006 Turin
3628:1980 Geilo
3589:2024 Paris
3584:2020 Tokyo
3544:1988 Seoul
3514:1964 Tokyo
2785:. London.
2564:2 February
2539:2 February
2464:20 January
2438:20 January
2053:References
1976:See also:
1808:Herve Lord
1794:Hao Guohua
1590:So-Boo Kim
1062:Caz Walton
947:Until the
914:3:5 or 1:2
911:Proportion
829:Paris 2024
807:Tokyo 2020
785:Sochi 2014
674:sun people
643:Seoul 1988
625:Geilo 1980
589:Tokyo 1964
465:improve it
54:editing it
3509:1960 Rome
3465:Medalists
3218:page 14,
3162:Bbc.co.uk
3082:.pdf file
2980:.pdf file
2793:23 August
2758:19 August
2723:16 August
2584:adage.com
2406:BBC Sport
2090:18 August
1914:Rie Urata
1286:movement.
1116:‹See Tfd›
982:Vancouver
833:Grand Rex
583:Rome 1960
558:See also:
469:verifying
292:crescents
141:Medalists
3208:Archived
3190:22 March
3135:Archived
3116:Archived
3074:Archived
3011:20 March
2972:Archived
2954:24 March
2928:24 March
2922:Archived
2897:24 March
2892:BBC News
2871:20 March
2845:24 March
2819:24 March
2787:Archived
2700:Archived
2513:30 March
2507:Archived
2482:Archived
2385:Archived
2366:Archived
2347:Archived
2328:Archived
2274:Archived
2236:Archived
2157:Archived
2036:See also
1984:IPC logo
1324:Speakers
1142:and the
1036:for the
1018:Scotland
995:BC Place
847:gradient
795:Rio 2016
330:Previous
3490:Symbols
3438:Charter
3363:designs
2213:30 July
2187:30 July
2139:30 July
2028:have a
2014:Mascots
1731:Unknown
1669:Unknown
1652:Unknown
1635:Unknown
1618:Unknown
1594:Unknown
1577:Unknown
1574:Unknown
1531:Unknown
1528:Unknown
1497:Unknown
1494:Unknown
1482:Unknown
1465:Unknown
1462:Unknown
1450:Unknown
1378:Athlete
1343:updated
1292:History
1219:athlete
1173:Adopted
1066:Olympia
1010:England
986:Toronto
919:Adopted
709:Outback
693:tae-gu.
463:Please
373:taegeuk
278:Current
151:Symbols
116:Charter
3485:Sports
3478:Winter
3473:Summer
2412:4 June
2244:German
2030:mascot
1384:Coach
1157:, 2001
1151:Lyrics
1120:German
1107:French
1099:Anthem
1090:bronze
1086:silver
1072:Medals
1020:, and
977:Ottawa
901:Sport
851:aurora
727:, the
518:is in
427:Norway
364:Hangul
356:Korean
146:Sports
3238:(IPC)
3222:(IPC)
3164:. BBC
3088:(IPC)
2986:(IPC)
2682:2 May
2310:(IPC)
2167:(IPC)
2024:Each
1751:]
1689:]
1614:]
1162:Music
1088:, or
1022:Wales
524:prose
368:Hanja
366:: 파;
352:Seoul
296:Latin
267:motto
261:Motto
247:flags
159:Games
3453:NPCs
3192:2014
3170:2014
3013:2017
2956:2024
2930:2024
2899:2024
2873:2017
2847:2024
2821:2024
2795:2012
2760:2012
2725:2012
2684:2023
2646:2020
2618:2020
2592:2020
2566:2024
2541:2024
2515:2021
2466:2011
2440:2011
2414:2007
2215:2021
2189:2021
2141:2021
2092:2015
2006:and
1562:(SM)
1557:(NY)
1551:(SM)
1546:(NY)
1242:oath
1182:The
1176:1996
988:and
967:and
864:Flag
562:and
520:list
241:The
131:NPCs
111:Bids
3448:IPC
3084:),
3032:",
2982:),
2000:OLY
1231:all
1227:all
1223:all
1192:en.
1084:),
897:Use
822:fēi
733:Sun
576:IPC
467:by
421:in
350:in
126:IPC
3732::
3234:,
3214:,
3160:.
3146:^
3093:^
3063:^
3049:.
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