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the male there appears on the forewing a grey abbreviated band between the apical cell -spot and the transparent border, the forewing bearing further a grey spot at the hind margin and the hindwing bearing an extended dusting of black beyond the cell, forming a kind of band. An enlarged edition of this form from
Central Asia (Kuldja, Alai), with the black markings still more intensified and the transparent border more widened, is known as
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more densely in female than in male. Antenna and legs black, likewise the abdomen, the last being covered with whitish hairs in the male, while in the female it is nearly naked, glossy, bearing a whitish bladder-like pouch which occupies nearly two -thirds of the underside. Varies generally little. A rare aberration in which the cell-spots of the forewing are connected by a black streak has received the name ab.
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464:, but are usually less dark in tint, have a very broad transparent border to the forewing, sometimes a grey S-shaped shadowy transverse band which emanates from the costal spot above mentioned in the male, and possess on the hindwing a more intensely coloured band -like marking behind the cell, extending from the abdominal border forward, and 1 or 2 costal spots. —
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The clouded Apollo is locally common in some places in central Europe. The female lays whitish eggs with a granular surface. The caterpillar feeds only on sunny days, otherwise it is hidden under leaves or stones. The blunt-ended chrysalis lies on the ground in a light spun covering. The caterpillars
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Wings white; the veins thinly black, fringes blackish; forewing with 2 black cell -spots, distal margin in male from the apex to about middle, in female further down and also more broadly, transparent -grey; hindwing dusted with black from the abdominal margin to the cell and at the apex of the cell,
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Christ. (10 f) is the name of the race from
Northern Persia and the Caucasus; the white spots in the widened marginal border are more distinctly developed, forming usually a submarginal band consisting of 7 or 8 wedge-shaped or luniform spots; the black markings are intensified and extended, and in
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Stgr., the males of which bear an additional grey costal spot in between the apical cell-spot and the widened and dull blackish transparent marginal band, having moreover the abdominal border of the hindwing broader and more densely dusted with black; the females of this form are developed in the
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Honr.a form has been introduced which is darkened by dense black dusting (occurring especially often in the female and which is found everywhere among the ordinary form, being particularly often met with in
Carinthia, Carniola, in the neighborhood of Vienna, in Wallis, Transsylvania, and Austrian
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species. To prevent the continuing disappearance of this butterfly from many places in central Europe, it is now protected in some regions. They inhabit small patches and individuals move from patch to patch and conservation of a network of patches is required to maintain the
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Reb. & Rog., in which the black spots of the forewing are reduced, the expanse being only 52 mm. In
Bavaria and Salzkammergut (Berchtesgaden), at an altitude of about 1000 m (June—July), the species has developed into a constant melanotic form,
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Bolotov I.N., Gofarov M.Y., Rykov A.M., Frolov A.A., Kogut Y.I. 2013. Northern boundary of the range of the
Clouded Apollo butterfly Parnassius mnemosyne (L.) (Papilionidae): climate influence or degradation of larval host plants? – Nota lepid. 36 (1):
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Stich, is the form inhabiting Greece (Chelmos, Olenos) ; it bears a row of 4 or 5 whitish spots in the moderately broad, posteriorly sharply tapering transparent border of the forewing, otherwise agreeing rather well with ordinary
285:, which are mostly situated in the Russian Federation and gives a thorough description of the species' northern range location. It is shown that the northernmost populations in the exist within the karst landscapes in the north of
222:
Clouded
Apollos inhabit meadows and woodland clearings with plenty of flowering plants, both in the lowlands and in the mountains. It is not usually found at altitudes above 1500 m except in the
266:, but is now extinct. A great number of geographical races and individual forms are distinguished in this extensive region. The most striking specimens include the dark race from the eastern
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Aust. — The egg of the species is conical, whitish. Larva cylindrical, tapering at both ends, black, short-hairy, the body ornamented with orange spots; feeds in April and May on
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and the role of climate and relief seem to be of minor importance. Many
Russian populations inhabit the state nature reserve territories: Kizgi Scerries Reserve (
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basin). Northern limits of the clouded Apollo's range appear to be strongly determined by the distribution of its larval host plants (primarily
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Silesia. In
Carinthia, the environs of Friesach, at an elevation of from 630 to 750 m, there occurs a conspicuously small local form,
357:
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Korb, S., 2020 An annotated checklist of the tribus
Parnassiini sensu Korshunov of the Old World (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)
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Stgr. (10f): specimens of this race in which the ground-colour has assumed a slightly yellowish tint are called ab.
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in being somewhat more strongly marked, therefore standing midway between the former and the following form. —
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513:, concealed in day-time. Pupation in the ground in a loose cocoon ; pupa thick, obtuse, hoary, luteous.
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Hansen Lars Ove and Aarvik Leif, Trondheim. 2004 Clouded Apollo - Parnassius mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758),
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785:. Die Groß-Schmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes. Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, Stuttgart.
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The paper of Dr. I.N. Bolotov and colleagues (2013) summarizes data on the northern localities of
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in a network of suitable habitats: effects of patch characteristics. Ecography 26(5):679-691
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VÄLIMÄKI Panu, ITÄMIES, Juhani. 2003 Migration of the clouded Apollo butterfly
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728:(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the British Museum (Natural History)".
289:-Kuloi Plateau (between 65°35' and 66°03' N) in the downstream of the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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724:, see Ackery, P. R. (1973) "A list of the type-specimens of
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for a more complete list of subspecies (mostly described by
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Bulletin of the
British Museum (Natural History) Entomology
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258:, where it appears rarely and only in certain places. A
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mountains where it is also known from higher altitudes.
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Butterfly Conservation Armenia: Parnassius mnemosyne
297:(66°10' N) along the shore of Kosminskoe Lake (the
211:species of the family of swallowtail butterflies (
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254:. It inhabits all European countries including
234:Its range of distribution extends from the
54:
40:
562:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
278:has the most pronounced dark colouring.
14:
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720:For a list of subspecies types in the
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293:and Kuloi rivers and in the north of
1006:c2795067-06cb-486b-a61c-d617801cd2d7
24:
863:Consortium for the Barcode of Life
671:Parnassius mnemosyne problematicus
25:
1228:
845:
629:Parnassius mnemosyne leonhardiana
608:Parnassius mnemosyne craspedontis
311:), Pinega and Soyansky reserves (
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783:Die Groß-Schmetterlinge der Erde
732:29 (1) (9.XI.1973): 1—35, 1 pl.
722:British Museum (Natural History)
581:Parnassius mnemosyne adamellicus
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713:Parnassius mnemosyne weidingeri
706:Parnassius mnemosyne valentinae
685:Parnassius mnemosyne ucrainicus
657:Parnassius mnemosyne orientalis
593:Parnassius mnemosyne bucharanus
229:
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692:Parnassius mnemosyne ugrjumovi
664:Parnassius mnemosyne parnassia
650:Parnassius mnemosyne ochraceus
643:Parnassius mnemosyne nubilosus
622:Parnassius mnemosyne giganteus
586:Parnassius mnemosyne balcanica
435:
13:
1:
1212:Butterflies described in 1758
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600:Parnassius mnemosyne caucasia
555:
541:The species was named in the
678:Parnassius mnemosyne talboti
636:Parnassius mnemosyne nivalis
536:
7:
1217:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
699:Parnassius mnemosyne uralka
615:Parnassius mnemosyne falsus
415:Dark female from the Alps,
319:and Belaja Kedva reserves (
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69:Scientific classification
67:
62:
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763:Acta Biologica Sibirica
549:the mother of the nine
460:same direction as ab.
1207:Butterflies of Europe
817:Lepidoptera of Norway
781:, 1906 (Parnassius).
765:ISSN : 2412-1908
1001:Fauna Europaea (new)
917:Parnassius mnemosyne
887:Parnassius mnemosyne
836:Parnassius mnemosyne
522:feed exclusively on
283:Parnassius mnemosyne
205:Parnassius mnemosyne
178:Parnassius mnemosyne
27:Species of butterfly
18:Parnassius mnemosyne
1202:Butterflies of Asia
858:P. mnemosyne images
543:classical tradition
445:Mosch., and as ab.
822:2007-07-29 at the
811:2007-05-29 at the
313:Arkhangelsk Oblast
63:female in Estonia
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1145:Papilio mnemosyne
1128:Open Tree of Life
879:Taxon identifiers
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560:partial list See
402:P. m. adamellicus
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160:P. mnemosyne
16:(Redirected from
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230:Distribution
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213:Papilionidae
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136:Papilionidae
49:in Slovenia
29:
1081:ParnasMnemo
1027:iNaturalist
911:Wikispecies
734:online here
574:Curt Eisner
436:Description
430:Caterpillar
363:Male bottom
248:Carpathians
126:Lepidoptera
1197:Parnassius
1191:Categories
1160:Q109585532
806:data sheet
739:References
726:Parnassius
570:Felix Bryk
556:Subspecies
498:C. halleri
260:subspecies
250:as far as
246:, and the
147:Parnassius
106:Arthropoda
547:Mnemosyne
537:Etymology
531:gene pool
525:Corydalis
510:C. solida
493:mnemosyne
489:Corydalis
475:nubilosus
471:mnemosyne
457:hartmanni
287:White Sea
272:hartmanni
262:lived in
209:butterfly
154:Species:
92:Kingdom:
86:Eukaryota
1154:Wikidata
1078:MaBENA:
1066:LepIndex
1045:10682270
925:BioLib:
896:Wikidata
820:Archived
809:Archived
495:typ. on
484:ochracea
480:gigantea
443:halteres
274:); form
236:Pyrenees
186:Linnaeus
132:Family:
102:Phylum:
96:Animalia
82:Domain:
1174:4535874
1133:1008619
1019:1938520
775:Stichel
504:C. cava
462:melaina
447:melaina
276:melania
264:Denmark
207:) is a
142:Genus:
122:Order:
116:Insecta
112:Class:
1107:213953
1071:171315
1058:174210
993:440694
967:131936
902:Q30665
752:19–33.
517:Habits
466:athene
375:Female
291:Soyana
256:Norway
242:, the
1120:79717
1040:IRMNG
1032:57485
975:EUNIS
954:4DQB6
941:70619
928:51292
852:Funet
779:Seitz
551:Muses
452:minor
337:Åland
1169:GBIF
1102:NCBI
1053:IUCN
1014:GBIF
936:BOLD
861:at
572:and
545:for
351:Male
331:The
244:Alps
199:The
190:1758
1089:NBN
980:285
962:EoL
949:CoL
815:in
777:in
576:).
335:is
323:).
315:),
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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