Passion Play - Knowledge

2155:, greater Cincinnati Ohio, performed every year without interruption rehearsals beginning in 1917, first performance in Feb. 1918 which seems to make it the oldest annually performed, without interruption in the United States of America. Currently housed in the Lockland Christian Church, Lockland, Ohio (www.locklandchristian.org). A free will offering is suggested for general admission. The beginning of the play traces back to February 1917 when the United States of America was at war. Like other parishes throughout the United States, St. John the Baptist Catholic Church in the Over-the-Rhine neighborhood of Cincinnati had readily given its quota of men to the armed forces during World War 1. Eight of them had already been killed in action. Father Richard Wurth, Franciscan pastor of St. John the Baptist Church, was deeply saddened by the loss of these eight young men and considered how he and his parishioners could merit a special protection of God for the others serving in active duty. He remembered how the wood-carving peasants of Oberammergau in the Bavarian Alps had escaped the Black Death in the 17th century by vowing to produce a Passion Play every ten years in thanksgiving. With hope in his heart, Father Wurth decided on a similar strategy. He produced Veronica, or the Holy Face, a play centered on the passion and death of Christ. After the third and final performance, he called all of the actors together backstage. Realizing there had been no more battle-related casualties, they joined hands in thanksgiving and solemnly pledged to present a passion play annually thereafter for the continued protection of those serving in the war. The following year 1918, the St. John Passion Play was formally established. The closing of St. John the Baptist Church in 1969 almost meant the demise of the Play. However, several committed cast and crew members were determined to keep it alive and organized the St. John Passion Play as a charitable nonprofit corporation. Since then, the Play has been performed every year in numerous churches and auditoriums throughout the greater Cincinnati area and has in recent years been housed on the grounds of the Lockland Christian Church, Lockland, Ohio. 1390:, once at Ħaġar Qim temples and four times (2013–2016) for charity on the grounds surrounding Mount Carmel Hospital. In 2017 the event was held at the presidential Verdala palace in aid of the Malta Community Chest Fund. In 2018 it was held both at Verdala Palace and on the grounds surrounding Mount Carmel Hospital whereas in 2019 the production once again changed location to the Romeo Romano Gardens in Santa Venera with once again the Malta Community Chest Fund Foundation and the service users of Mount Carmel Hospital being the beneficiaries of this charity event. The 2020 edition was cancelled due to COVID-19, however 2021 will see the production being transformed into a virtual experience screened in cinemas and online. It also marked Alan Fenech's last time in the role of Jesus, the role being taken up as from 2022 by John Vassallo. Since the 2022 edition, it has always been held in the gardens of the Verdala Palace and under the distinct patronage of the President of the Republic of Malta. All proceeds go towards the Malta Community Chest Fund Foundation. 1174:) every five years since 1816, from June to September, by all the inhabitants of the village in an open-air amphitheatre 4,000 square meters wide, of 2,400 seats under cover. In front of the audience is rebuilt a corner of Jerusalem. Each actor involved (about 500 people) is a volunteer, as well as who works "behind the scenes"(about 300 people) for scenography, costumes, script, horses. It is one of the greatest shows about the Passion of Christ in Italy, sacred in the topic, popular in its realization. About 40 shows are performed for each season. The next edition was planned for 2020, but has been postponed to summer 2022 due to the Coronavirus pandemic (June–September). 412: 1686:, at Vanny in Mannar, Pesalai, Pamanugama, Mutuwal, Pallansena, Kalamulla, Duwa and Pitipana in Negombo, used life-size statues instead of living actors. Influenced by the Oberammergau Passion Play, K. Lawrence Perera, began the practice of using living actors in the Borelassa Passion Play. Women later began to take part in the play. However, for a period of time after 1939, the Archbishop of Colombo banned performances because of his disapproval of the women's participation. In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, there are many Passion Play enactments in Sri Lanka: 1346: 1183: 2775:"The experience of the Europassion constantly lets us experience a so far unexplored pathway, so that we can continue to grow. Surmounting a self-referred vision of our own experience obligates us to confront a regional, national, European and universal horizon. That is why a new vision, not fragmentary, is necessary. Unity doesn't mean uniformity. A spiritual energy, stronger and more attentive to cultural elaboration, a more evident solidarity in order to be recognised as bearers of hope, to help the people and communities grow." 1123: 1775:

Cowbridge, Crewe, Devizes, Duddingston Kirk, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Great Waltham, Guildford, Hamilton, Heworth, Hornchurch, Horsham, Hucknall, Kendal, Leominster, Lewes, Lincoln, Liverpool, Lytham, Norwich, Maidstone, Manchester, New Malden, Nuneaton, Oxford, Poole, Port Talbort, Preston, Redditch, Richmond, Settle, Shrewsbury, Southampton, South Woodham Ferrers, Spelthorne, St Neots, Tonbridge, Trafalgar Square, West Bridgford, Winterbourne, Wirral, Withensea, Wokingham, Woodstock, Worcester, Yeovil, York.

1463: 1296:, Ontario) a Passion Play takes place during the Easter Season. For more than 20 years, the Church on the Queensway (formally Queensway Cathedral) has presented different versions of the Passion Play in their 3200-seat venue, using hundreds of volunteers, live animals, singers and dancers. The play has become a favorite, and most shows experience capacity crowds. This presentation is known for its powerful portrayal of the life of Christ, dramatic resurrection, and ascension scenes. 1633: 1155: 999: 150: 2747: 51: 2609:, Hitler saw Christianity as a religion fit only for slaves, and its teaching as a rebellion against the natural law of selection by struggle of the fittest. Following the events of World War II and the explicit support of Adolf Hitler for the play, several reforms and modifications were made. In the last few decades, it has revised its script and performance with the help of representatives from Jewish organizations. 1078: 314: 1386:, with Jesus being played by popular Maltese actor Alan Fenech and featuring some of the most highly acclaimed actors in Malta, has become one of the highlights of the genre on the island with the audience experiencing the passion of Jesus Christ as if they were present on the streets of Jerusalem during those historical two days. The play is held outdoors and has so far been held four times in the streets of 252: 2244:, Harrisburg Christian Performing Arts Center performs annual Passion Plays during the two weekends before Easter. They have been doing this since 1973, with 2013 marking their 40th annual Passion Play. The Passion Plays produced here are written by staff members, and music under public domain is added to give it a musical aspect. A new play is produced every year, apart from the 40th Passion Play 2099:, has been running for 20 years. First starting out as a small representation of the passion of Jesus, this production has developed into a full-time musical performance. Over the years, the play's format has changed focusing on the point of view of several different people including Mary the mother of Jesus, the Roman Soldiers, the Thieves on the Cross, and many others. The show is performed at 92: 1358: 1354:

construction. On 15 October 1855, the chapel was consecrated to Mary's Immaculate Conception. Franz Wendler lived in a cave next to the chapel from 1878 until his death. The chapel is one of the most important pilgrimage places for Germans of Hungary in the area of Buda. Every three years, Budaörs' inhabitants stage a passion play with Hungarian and German text.

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Passion Play that was brought over in 1932 by immigrants, who claimed that it had been produced since 1242. The production was Americanized by seventh-generation Passion Player Josef Meier, who toured it around the country before bringing it to Spearfish in the 1930s; until its last performance on 31

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in Eureka Springs has been seen by over 7.7 million people, which makes it the largest-attended outdoor drama in America, according to the Institute of Outdoor Theatre of the University of East Carolina at Greenville, North Carolina. Also on the grounds of The Great Passion Play was the Christ of the

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Kőhegy (Stone Mountain) Chapel at Budaörs was built by Franz Wendler to whom Virgin Mary had appeared in a dream. He supposedly dreamt of a dog rose on Stone Mountain, every flower of which bore the face of Mary. On the petals he read: "I am the Immaculate Conception". In spring 1855, Wendler started

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Europassion is a large European organisation which supports Passion Plays in Europe. Established in 1982, this umbrella organisation draws together Passion Play communities from countries all over Europe, some of which have been performing their plays for hundreds of years. According to Mons. Fausto

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2010 saw a new production directed by Christian Stückl, director at Munich's noted Volkstheater. He was supported by the artistic team that, along with him, staged the 2000 Passion Play: deputy director and dramatic adviser Otto Huber, set and costume designer Stefan Hageneier, music director Marxus

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of the citizens had, in co-operation with the clergy, called these plays into being, and the wealth of the citizens provided for magnificent productions of them on the public squares, whither they migrated after expulsion from the churches. The citizens and civil authorities considered it a point of

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says, "With 700 participants, dozens of live animals, flames, rain and 'lightning', North Heights Lutheran Church's annual Passion Play is spectacular." More than 400,000 attended the performances over 19 years before the production was discontinued. Over 20,000 attended the final season, including

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The magnificent productions of the Passion Plays during the fifteenth century are closely connected with the growth and increasing self-confidence of the cities, which found its expression in noble buildings, ecclesiastical and municipal, and in gorgeous public festivals. The artistic sense and the

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in 1926. The impetus behind both the pageant and city was the Reverend Anthony Mark Wallock (b. 1890, in Austria). In 1926, he took his Sunday school class up a mountain, where a tableau of the Resurrection was presented. The popularity of this service led to its becoming an annual event. In 1927,

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portrayed "The Gospel of Christ" in an Easter Drama, using members of the church and church staff, choir, and children's groups. It was directed by drummer and church member Jimmy Bass. Although the play was a huge success, it has not been restaged, and is instead copied onto DVDs available at the

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has been doing their adaptation of the Passion Play. Tryouts are usually held in December and rehearsals are held in January through March, with 5 performances until Good Friday. This event has been held annually since its 1993 incarnation. The theme changes every year. Teens who try out are given

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is presented by an all-volunteer ecumenical group in a "theatre in the round" indoor setting. The story of the last days in the life of Christ is told using a script and music, based loosely on the cantata "Then Came Sunday", by Rodger Strader. It has grown in size and popularity over the past 32

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Passion Plays have taken place all over the UK and between 20 and 30 plays are performed each year in locations such as Aberdeen, Abingdon, Alresford, Ballylinan, Bangor, Bath, Bedford, Belper, Beverley, Bewdley, Birmingham, Bishop Auckland, Bolton, Brentor, Brighton, Carlisle, Chester, Chinnor,

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In 2010, about half the inhabitants of Oberammergau took part in the once-a-decade Passion Play; over 2,000 villagers brought the story of Jesus of Nazareth to life for audiences that flocked in from around the world. In accordance with tradition, the play started with Jesus entering Jerusalem,

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features many Passion Plays, put on by provincial club, societies, and theatres in various localities. Each village and town often hosts several plays, and there is some competition among the troupes to put on the most moving or beautiful display. These are often combined with processions and

981:. Productions of the play, which came from Bavaria to the Tyrol in the second half of the eighteenth century, were arranged at irregular intervals during the first half of the nineteenth century; since 1855 they have taken place at regular intervals, at Brixlegg every ten years. The 2431:, including "Heaven On Their Minds" and "Trials and Tribulations". This story also involves some minor parts, including the Women with Perfume, Mary Mother of Jesus, Peter denying knowing Jesus, and The Prayer in Gethsemane. This has been tradition at St. Joseph's for over 30 years. 1915:

has performed a Passion Play. Made up entirely of volunteers, rehearsals begin in January and conclude with a week's worth of shows prior to Easter, the last show being on Good Friday. Every year it is general admission, and there is no cost to view the play (however, donations are

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has been portrayed annually since 1924 at the Bloomington Center for the Performing Arts and is one of the oldest continuously running passion Plays in North America. This play is unique in that it dramatizes Jesus' entire ministry, rather than only the events from Passion Week

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period. The Škofja Loka Passion Play was performed each year until 1767. The procession was revived in 1999, and reprised in 2000 and 2009, with further reprisals planned for 2015 and 2021. The play's reprisals are the largest open-air theatre production in Slovenia.

2699:, the Bible reminds readers that Jesus was Jewish and his many supporters, friends and family were Jewish. Furthermore, the Bible alludes to the complex political, social and religious reasons that led both Roman and Jewish people to demand that Jesus be crucified. 2399:, each summer from 1973 to 1986. This version was originally written by Val Balfour. Locals volunteered as extras, and church groups came from all over Virginia, Maryland, etc. to see the play. The same play toured all over the country in the fall and winter months. 1278:, located in the La Riviere Valley at Oak Valley's Outdoor theatre, located on the edge of the Pembina Valley. The cast and crew are volunteers from all over southern Manitoba. Rehearsals usually start in April or early May and are ready for mid-July performances. 712:

play which originated during the transition period of the fourteenth to the fifteenth century. Historian J. E. Wackernell, with the aid of the plays that have reached us, has reconstructed this period. In Tyrol the Passion Plays received elaborate cultivation; at

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A recent statement on the website of the Center for Jewish-Christian Understanding & Cooperation (CJCUC) in Israel is described by Rabbi Dr. Shmuly Yanklowitz as 'the most profoundly Jewish-centered interfaith documents ever to be released'. Writing in the

1075:. It is staged "realistically" at The Lake Theatre, a large, purpose built, lakeside theatre designed specifically for the Moogerah Passion Play. Contemporary versions of the play endeavour to use different Bibles to convey messages to the audience every year. 2141:. The play was performed on 8 nights during the month building up to Easter Sunday, and each show drew an audience of around 1,500-2,000 people. The play was free to attend, but donations were taken and merchandise was sold to fund the production of the play. 1834:

began in 1928 as a small sunrise Easter presentation. The pageant is now the "largest annual outdoor Easter pageant in the world." With a 450-member cast, the 65-minute pageant depicts the birth, life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ using song and

2624:). Through these stylings, the Jews are further implicated in the killing of Christ as being both the judge and the jury. This consistent rendering was emulated throughout Christendom in the Middle Ages, and is perpetuated in subtler forms even today. 800:

their lines. As each actor finished speaking, he returned to his place. The audience stood around the stage or looked on from the windows of neighbouring houses. Occasionally platforms, called "bridges", were erected around the stage in the form of an

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supports the resurgence of Passion Plays in the United Kingdom through resourcing, networking, advocating and financing new and existing plays. Established in 2011, its vision is to energise the growing number of Passion Plays taking place in the UK.

2733:, he quotes its opening lines "We seek to do the will of our Father in Heaven by accepting the hand offered to us by our Christian brothers and sisters. Jews and Christians must work together as partners to address the moral challenges of our era". 3064:

Altdeutsche Passionsspiele aus Tirol. Mit Abhandlungen über ihre Entwicklung, Composition, Quellen, Aufführungen und literarhistorische Stellung (= Quellen und Forschungen zur Geschichte, Litteratur und Sprache Österreichs und seiner Kronländer

466:, theatres opened again in 1660, this time with women permitted to perform on the stage. However, religion and politics were heavily censored for the next few hundred years in England and no Passion Play was performed publicly during this time. 442:

in many medieval cities, the most prominent being York, Chester and Coventry. Public performances of Passion Plays lasted from the fourteenth century to the middle of the sixteenth century, with a few examples into the seventeenth century.

1813:, and a Bible Museum with over 6,000 Bibles (including an original 1611 King James Bible, a leaf from the Gutenberg Bible, and the only Bible signed by all of the original founders of the Gideons). From time to time popular artists visit 2762:

The Passion Trust hosts an annual conference in various locations around the UK, drawing together actors, arts practitioners, producers, directors, fundraisers and journalists to explore new and time-tested approaches to Passion Plays.

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Zwink, and conductor Michael Bocklet. All four of these collaborators are from Oberammergau. The play started at 14.30 and included a three-hour interval, ending at 22.30. Performances took place between mid-May and early October 2010.

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Hitler attended the Passion Play in Oberammergau twice and praised it for its convincing portrayal of "the menace of Jewry". Although he praised the Passion Play, he also derided Christianity. According to Alan Bullock, writing in

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scripts, props, costumes, and near the end of rehearsal timing, they do pictures and music. All that had to be done before their first performance, then they have 4 more performances after the first one, with the last one being on

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is an outdoor re-enactment of the Easter story that has the audience walk between scenes to follow the story. It has been performed every year since 1986 on Palm Sunday weekend, in parks and other outdoor locations in and around

2059: 745:. People of the most varied classes took part in the production, and frequently the number of actors was as high as two hundred and even greater. It was undoubtedly no small task to drill the performers, particularly since the 2600:

that Jews bore greater responsibility than any other group in the killing of Christ. It utilizes juxtaposition between pure Christians and wicked Jews in order to portray a greater battle between fundamental good versus evil.

2561:) as "a specific group's oath of responsibility" some audiences have historically interpreted it as "an assumption of eternal, racial guilt". This last interpretation has often incited violence against Jews; according to the 4704: 2066:

has been performing their Passion Play for 30 years. It has been a mainstay in the community as well as the state. Members of the Church and community come together to share in fellowship and learn about the last days of

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Modern Passion Plays and contemporary re-tellings of the Passion story place greater emphasis on the Biblical account which tells a more complex story. Rather than isolating Jewish people as responsible for the death of

3873: 1739:, the Easter passion play, was enacted on 24 March 2018 at Dungalpitiya, Don Bosco auditorium in Negombo. Over 80 actors participated. Produced by Rev. Fr. Manjula Priyantha (SDB), directed by George Dinesh Manthrige. 1201:. It is considered to be the largest open-air theatre in the world. Thousands of visitors arrive every year to watch the performance; over 500 actors appear on the nine separate stages within the stone walls of the 821:, and consequently no stage perspective. Since an illusion of reality could not be had, indications were made to suffice. Thus a cask standing on end represents the mountain on which Christ is tempted by the Devil; 796:), and took their stand at the places appointed them. They remained on the stage all through the performance; they sat on the barriers of their respective divisions, and were permitted to leave their places only to 2674:, stating that "the New Testament . . . must not be used as justification for hostility towards present-day Jews," and that "blame for the death of Jesus should not be attributed to Judaism or the Jewish people." 845:

of an animal concealed in the front of his clothing, and when Satan tears open the garment the bird flies away, and the intestines fall out, whereupon Judas and his executioner slide down into Hell on a rope. A

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in 1715, with modifications until 1727, on the basis of an older tradition. It is the oldest preserved play in Slovene as well as the oldest preserved director's book in Europe and the only one extant from the

3229: 655:. The plays based on this list of directions lead us to the period in which the Passion Play reached its highest development (1400–1515). During this period the later Frankfort Passion Play (1467), the 2616:, also known as the Wakefield Mystery Plays, also featured Anti-Semitic imagery, and ran from the late Middle Ages until 1578. It is believed to be one of the earliest and most explicit portrayals of 735:

honour to render the production as rich and diversified as possible. Ordinarily, the preparations for the play were in the hands of a spiritual brotherhood, the play itself being considered a form of

1209:. The first passion play in the town took place in 1951, and consisted only of a few family and friends playing all of the roles. In 1963, the townspeople began constructing a replica Jerusalem in 637:

play, that of Canon Baldemar von Peterwell (1350–1381), the production of which required two days, was more profusely elaborated than the other Passion Plays of this period. Of this play only the

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in the action. From these humble beginnings, the Passion Play developed very rapidly, since in the fourteenth century it was at a stage of development that could not have been reached except by

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was launched in 2005, based in several modern-language translations of the Bible. The church offers both versions on successive weekends in June each year as a free offering to their audience.

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addressing each other in a dramatic form. It can also be traced back to the liturgical drama used within the church and the Corpus Christi festivals which took place outside the church.

2565:, "Passion plays historically unleashed the torrents of hatred aimed at the Jews, who always were depicted as being in partnership with the devil and the reason for Jesus' death". The 1503:, using their own scripts that present the dialogue in either poetic or prosaic form. These scripts are decades or even centuries-old, and draw from both the Bible and folk tradition. 777:. Along the sides of the stage, taken lengthwise, stood the houses required for the production; they were indicated by fenced-in spaces, or by four posts upon which a roof rested. The 566:. This evolution is shown by the interpolation of free translations of church hymns and of German verses not pertaining to such hymns, as well as by the appearance of Mary (the Virgin 1285:, in what has become an annual tradition at St. Joseph the Worker Parish, over 200 parish youth and young adults annually come together to present the Life and Passion of Christ. 2711: 2275:, a world-famous opera singer who had her debut in the play at the age of five weeks. During the winter months from 1953 through 1998, the same cast also performed the play in 1510:, which is more common with recent productions (particularly by professional companies). Some productions use ropes to hold actors on crosses while others use actual nails. 1403: 1857:

is an extremely popular Passion Play and family tradition to Southern Californians. It has a cast of hundreds, live animals, and flying angels, among other unique aspects.

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The Passion of the Christ is performed every year during Easter, in a purpose-built 100,000-square-metre (1,100,000 sq ft) theatre-city in the arid backlands of

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in the hills of the Drumheller valley. Performers are a mix of professionals and volunteers from across Alberta and Canada, with nearly 300 actors and musicians annually.

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similarly adopted a resolution prepared by its Consultative Panel on Lutheran-Jewish Relations urging any Lutheran church presenting a Passion Play to adhere to their

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Modern Passion Plays are supported in their endeavour to address historical prejudices and crimes against Jewish people by the work of many organisations that seek (

1229:. In the 2010 season, when the 43rd anniversary of the Passion of Christ in Nova Jerusalem was celebrated, the public reached a record 80,000 people, coming from 22 1809:

Ozarks statue (the largest Christ statue in North America), the New Holy Land Tour, a full-scale re-creation of the Tabernacle in the Wilderness, a section of the

1603: 1441:(2006), it has since been held annually in different cities, with the 2015 edition seen by approximately 3.57 million viewers. The concept has also been sold as a 1268: 2659: 982: 102: 4469: 4322: 1901:

started holding an annual national tour and has performed for tens of thousands people in cities that include Charleston, Austin, Denver, Nashville and Seattle.

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has been performing an annual indoor and outdoor walk-through Passion Play since 2003. The play's outdoor scenes include a marketplace, and a Roman encampment.

2225:, the Hopewell United Methodist Church has performed a version of the play in a 1,000 seat outdoor amphitheater each year since 1963. The original version of 273: 1289: 639: 4884: 3584: 1930:, at the Cattleman's Arena, beginning Good Friday and continuing for the next several following weekends. It has a cast of over 200 people and 150 animals. 1897:, this epic portrayal of Jesus' life and death features indoor pyrotechnics, acrobats, aerialists, and a cast and crew of nearly 1000. Beginning in 2011, 1402:

is a re-enactment of the Passion of the Christ taking place every year that is divisible by 5, e.g., in 2005 and 2010. It is performed in the open air in

2425:, a large group of 8th graders performs the Passion Play at St. Joseph's School, on Palm Sunday and Good Friday. Their piece involves several songs from 4546: 3308: 3281: 2612:

While Oberammergau is perhaps the most famous example, this was not the only instance of Anti-Semitism or Anti-Semitic rhetoric in a Passion Play. The

1660:, first documented in 1538. Olesa's 1996 production surpassed the world record for the most people acting on stage at the same time, with 726 persons. 1138:

in 1634 and now performed every 10 years. The next Oberammergau Passion Play was to take place in 2020 but was delayed to 2022 amid COVID-19 concerns.

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was a wooden structure, almost as broad as it was long, elevated but slightly above the ground and open on all sides. A house formed the background; a

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held that the crucifixion could not be blamed on the Jewish people, whether they were living in the first century or born after the death of Christ.

1225:, an average of 8,000 people per show from around the globe follow the actors as they move through "ancient Jerusalem", portraying every step of the 978: 2725:

in changing the historical abuses of the Oberammergau play has provided greater awareness and understanding for future Passion Plays to learn from.

2177:, for over 30 years. The drama features a cast of over 150+, is free to the public, and is presented on Good Friday and Easter Sunday of each year. 1615: 4446: 2596:

is an especially notable example. First performed in 1634, the play continues to run today. In its original incarnation, the play relied upon the

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King, Pamela and Clifford Davidson, The Coventry Corpus Christi Plays (Medieval Institute Publications: Western Michigan University Press, 2000).

2378: 2575:, explains that "historically, productions have reflected negative images of Jews and the long-time church teaching that the Jewish people were 113: 3822: 3675: 1573:

in open air of Cytadela City Park. Now it is the biggest performance of this kind in Europe. In 2009, 100,000 pilgrims were expected to attend.

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This article is about a type of dramatic presentation depicting the suffering of Jesus Christ. For the theatrical re-enactment of tragedies in

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during Holy Week, with breaks in 1995, 2006, and 2009. Beginning in 2000, the show was merged with another production by David T. Clydesdale,

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Passion plays are common in almost all catholic churches across Mexico during Holy Week, especially on Good Friday. They commonly follow the

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The origin and development of Passion Plays in the UK can be traced back to one of the earliest pieces of theatre in Britain, which was the

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is regularly performed from May through October, by a cast of 170 actors and dozens of live animals. Since its first performance in 1968,

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captured or released during the plays passed back and forth. The actors entered in solemn procession, led by musicians or by a præcursor (

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o they were presented with great splendour and, in 1514, lasted no less than seven days. Here, too, the innovation of placing the female

3896: 1525:, which began in 1975 and draws some 150,000 visitors annually. Some people perform crucifixions outside of Passion Plays to fulfill a 260: 3084:"The Social Stages of the City. Vigil Raber and Performance Direction in Bozen/Bolzano (Northern Italy) – A Socio-Historical Outline" 4368: 3152: 4734: 1064:, and tours cities and towns around Australia. In each location the touring cast invites community members to join the production. 887:

School dramas now came into vogue in Catholic and Protestant schools, and frequently enough became the battle-ground of religious

4862: 915:, efforts were made in Catholic Germany, particularly in Bavaria and the Tyrol, to destroy even the remnants of the tradition of 2667: 2620:

as a king or a Jew (and sometimes as king of the Jews) in theatre (although this tradition had already become well-established

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under the direction of Debra Rose. The drama utilizes acting, music, dance and live animals by a volunteer cast and crew of 50.

2381:. It includes a visitation by Jesus Christ, shortly after His resurrection, to inhabitants of ancient America, as recorded in 1098:

is a contemporary, character-driven interpretation, using multimedia elements and an original score that was established 1999.

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James Shapiro, Oberammergau: The Troubling Story of the World's Most Famous Passion Play' (Little, Brown & Company, 2000)

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to these kinds of Passion Plays, but this characterization is hotly disputed; an analysis of that topic is in the article on

2107:, and runs for approximately seven shows per year. Every year it is general admission, and there is no cost to view the play. 1665: 1553:

has become popular again in the early 20th century. Today the best known plays take place in Kałków, Kalwaria Pacławska, the

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Some of the oldest currently-running passion plays have had to reckon with past polemic portrayals of Jews in the work. The

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observed that "Outbreaks of Christian antisemitism related to the Passion narrative have been...numerous and destructive."

1479: 214: 4138: 3611: 3557: 3529: 2710:(ICCJ) explored the relationship basis of Christianity and antisemitism and in 2002, the Christian Scholars group issued " 4687: 1779: 1769: 406: 186: 4968: 3792: 3117: 1242: 973:, precedes the play. After being repeatedly remodelled, the text received its present classical form from the Austrian 4386: 3168: 2188: 1038: 562:

Yet even this oldest of the Passion Plays already shows a tendency to break away from the ritual and to adopt a more

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Beadle, Richard and Pamela King. York Mystery Plays: A Selection in Modern Spelling (Oxford University Press, 2009).

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Beadle, Richard and Pamela King. York Mystery Plays: A Selection in Modern Spelling (Oxford University Press, 2009).

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holds a bird of black plumage before his mouth and makes it flutter. The suicide of Judas is an execution, in which

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in the hands of women was introduced, which innovation did not become general until during the seventeenth century.

193: 4835: 2635: 1410:. It originated in 1931 and has become an internationally acclaimed event drawing visitors from all over the world. 970: 4933: 2703: 4340: 3748:

Benedik, Metod (2006). "Izhodišča Škofjeloškega pasijona" [The Basis for the Škofja Loka Passion Play].

3367: 4810: 1607: 1534: 1260:, Cardinal Newman Catholic Secondary School puts on a Passion Play annually for all the students who attend it. 1020: 171: 200: 3874:"Letter From Pope Jhon Paul II in appreciation of Duwa Passion Play Team | Duwa Historical Passion Play" 3256:"Turismo, cultura e fé: espetáculo Paixão de Cristo atrai milhares de pessoas em Brejo da Madre de Deus (PE)" 2187:

One of the U.S.'s longest-running Passion Plays is held at the Holy City of the Wichitas, located within the

2096: 1450: 1016: 167: 64: 39: 17: 4195: 3452: 3230:"Paixão de Cristo, maior espetáculo do mundo ao ar livre, volta após 2 anos no Teatro Nova Jerusalém, em PE" 2509:) presented the staging of a very unorthodox Passion Play while the players' own lives mirrored the Passion. 2196:

the service became nonsectarian and was referred to by the Lawton Constitution as "Oklahoma's Oberammergau".

1721:, a modern Passion Play enacted in the villages of Katuwapitiya and Bolawalana in Negombo (1999, 2000, 2001) 927:

Public interest in the Passion Play developed in the last decades of the 19th century, and the statistician

870:

of the audience pictures it, and the scenic conditions, resembling those of the antique theatre demand. All

2800: 1495: 969:

the events recorded in the Gospel, from the Last Supper to the Entombment. A prelude (Vorgespiel), on the

2086: 1828: 1304: 1056:

In Australia, several major productions of The Passion are staged annually during the lead up to Easter.

182: 1611: 4973: 4593: 2895:

Monk, Charlene Faye, "Passion Plays in the United States: The Contemporary Outdoor Tradition." (1998).

2606: 2473: 1884: 1230: 4612: 3453:"We interviewed the pastor behind that Avengers church musical: "Jesus... did exactly the same thing"" 2658:

disintegrating until it became a cross, with each panel featuring the last words of Jesus, including "

4759: 4598: 3984: 3186: 3027:

Rudick, Michael (1974). "Theme, Structure, and Sacred Context in the Benediktbeuern 'Passion Play'".

2718: 2688: 2683: 2593: 2567: 2558: 2487: 2222: 2005: 1889: 1419: 1131: 965:) dates from the second half of the seventeenth century, is entirely in verse, and comprises in five 3825:[The First Step towards the Addition of the Škofja Loka Passion Play to the UNESCO's List]. 3017:

Muir, Lynette R. 1995. The Biblical Drama of Medieval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

3008:

Muir, Lynette R. 1995. The Biblical Drama of Medieval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

2089:

since 1931. In 1997, there was a minor controversy when an African-American actor was cast as Jesus.

4506: 3859: 2849: 2241: 2082: 2028: 1912: 1854: 1797: 1677: 1332: 1326: 458:

influences. Eventually, in 1642 all theatre was banned with the suppression of the playhouses by a

416: 351: 4567: 4101: 3936: 837:

performs the hangman's duty. He precedes the culprit up the ladder and draws Judas after him by a

411: 354:, suffering and death. The viewing of and participation in Passion Plays is a traditional part of 106:

that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.

4963: 3534: 2642:"in Easter 2001, three incidents made national headlines and renewed fears. One was a column by 2302: 2263: 1205:

city-theatre, founded in 1968. 2.2 miles of walls and 70 towers flank the outer perimeter of the

1009: 359: 265: 160: 4938: 3637: 4958: 3479: 2818: 2722: 2613: 2562: 2442: 2427: 2408: 2370: 2118: 2063: 2023: 1981: 1506:

Costumes and scenery in traditional Senákulo conform to Hispanic iconography instead of actual

1311: 1210: 866:, the devil that of the impenitent thief. Everything is presented in the concrete, just as the 718: 611: 394: 343: 324: 4721: 4717: 3700:[The Questions of the Tradition of the Škofja Loka Passion Play. Ecdotic Perspective] 2129:

metropolitan area. The play ran from the 1980s until 2016, and included the Easter story from

2033:

more than 150 tour buses and groups. Performances began in April 1989 and ended 22 April 2007.

1644:, it is common for villages to present different Passion Plays every Easter, like the ones in 1610:

and first performed from ca. 1608 until ca. 1613. The most distinguished of them has been the

1271:, a Pentecostal worship center. The production features local amateur and professional talent. 538:

expectations, until, in the fifteenth century, the popular religious plays had developed. The

4059: 3900: 3426: 3400: 3206: 3153:"Chapter 17; Re-enacting the past: medieval English biblical plays and some modern analogues" 2839: 2621: 2469: 2447: 2352: 2332: 2308: 2138: 1958: 1861: 1562: 1206: 1202: 1187: 567: 478: 318: 2712:

A Sacred Obligation: Rethinking Christian Faith in Relation to Judaism and the Jewish People

2022:

was a popular indoor musical stage production sponsored by North Heights Lutheran Church of

708:, some contributing to, others taking from, that source. These, again, are founded upon the 3341: 2790: 2134: 1267:, a full-scale Passion Play production has been traditionally performed for decades at the 207: 8: 4579: 4365: 4143: 3730: 3160: 2933:

Pickering, K. Key Concepts in Drama and Performance (Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005)

2579:

for Jesus' death. Violence against Jews as 'Christ-killers' often flared in their wake."

2422: 2396: 2294: 2276: 1988: 1649: 1182: 1110: 474: 4784: 3697: 2071:. This is an original script of the Passion, written by a former minister of the church. 4644: 4621: 4326: 3044: 2597: 2581: 2382: 2324: 2200: 2170: 2001: 1947:

was produced by the First Baptist Church of Atlanta. It ran annually from 1977 to 2011.

1702: 1507: 1437: 1432: 1320: 1282: 943: 826: 814: 797: 652: 563: 486: 470: 463: 382: 4635:

Mork, Gordon (Winter 1985). "The Oberammergau Passion Play and Modern Anti-Semitism".

3657: 2203:

First Assembly of God has performed a widely popular version of the passion beginning

1499:(Holy Week). Theatre companies and community groups perform different versions of the 895:

arose, the Passion Plays (still largely secularized) were relegated to out-of-the-way

109: 4425: 3767: 3457: 3375: 3316: 3164: 3113: 2909: 2500: 2341: 2192: 2114: 1927: 1850: 1442: 1345: 1264: 1257: 1102: 912: 70: 3756:]. Loški razgledi (in Slovenian). Muzejsko društvo Škofja Loka . pp. 25–35. 1727:

at St. Bruno's Church in Negombo with a large number of celebrities as actors (2012)

1221:, Herod's palace, Bethesda Lake and the Sepulcher. During 8 performances during the 4532: 3036: 2655: 2576: 2536: 2531: 2337: 2104: 2100: 1894: 1599: 1518: 1300: 1226: 648: 511: 424: 386: 4014: 3922: 3734: 3638:"Merchtem blikt terug op geslaagde première eerste Vlaamse editie van 'De Passie'" 4691: 4574: 4390: 4372: 3724: 2795: 2785: 2159: 1636:'Drama de la Cruz', Monte Calvario, Alcorisa. Part of Ruta del Tambor y el Bombo. 1530: 1424: 1087: 818: 684: 627: 623: 363: 4447:"Annual Easter production of 'Worthy is the Lamb' opens tonight in Duncan Falls" 4323:

Jay Romano. "Union City Journal; 2 Passion Plays Thrive On a 'Friendly Rivalry'"

1529:(vow for a request or prayer granted), such as the famous penitents in Barangay 1122: 4564: 4148: 3962: 2875: 2617: 2519: 1970: 1582:

In the 17th and 18th century, Passion Plays were organised in the towns of the

947: 830: 571: 482: 367: 339: 4684: 3083: 1462: 1427:

that features a rendition of the story set in the present day, accompanied by

4952: 4551: 3379: 3320: 3201: 2824: 2755: 2628: 2546: 2330:

One of the most widely viewed modified passion plays in the United States is

2272: 1583: 1428: 966: 955: 939: 888: 851: 789: 778: 705: 691:, is exhibited, and which was produced with great splendour as late as 1583. 4037:"tharakayano, Recorded on 4/29/2012 supuwatharana_odb on USTREAM. Katholiek" 3800: 2942:

Helen Cooper, Shakespeare and the Medieval World (Bloomsbury: London, 2010).

2081:

The longest running Passion Play in the United States has been performed in

542:(thirteenth century) is still largely composed of Latin ritual sentences in 4905: 4383: 3612:"Fox's 'The Passion' Brings Biblical Story "Back To The Public Space – TCA" 2834: 2829: 2806: 2647: 2643: 2506: 2126: 2122: 2068: 1645: 1250: 1142:

continued with his death on the cross, and finished with the Resurrection.

1135: 951: 928: 892: 825:

is imitated by the report of a gun; in order to signify that the Devil had

802: 704:

Nearly all these Passion Plays have some relation to those coming from the

615: 503: 451: 435: 347: 4036: 2271:

August 2008, the show was produced under the auspices of Meier's daughter

1991:– Holy Family Parish teens put on a performance on Good Friday every year. 3558:"Fox To Air 'The Passion' Live Musical About Jesus Hosted By Tyler Perry" 2651: 2527: 2374: 2204: 2130: 1866: 1810: 1757: 1753: 1570: 1569:

Since 1998, there has been a yearly Passion Play in Poznan, performed on

1482: 1414: 1218: 974: 900: 867: 519: 447: 4648: 4302: 2554:, explains that "such passages (are) highly subject to interpretation". 1632: 808: 3754:

The Catalogue of the Travelling Exhibition The Škofja Loka Passion Play

3048: 2867: 2863: 2859: 2678: 2492: 2441:

From 1990 to 2012, Lighthouse Christian Church's Impact Productions in

2395:

The American version of the Oberammergau Passion Play was performed in

1595: 1554: 1246: 1194: 1091: 1072: 1061: 1023: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 842: 774: 758: 746: 731: 531: 523: 390: 371: 35: 4760:"BBC - The Passion - Articles - The Passion from a Jewish perspective" 4247: 2327:, with a procession leading from Milam Park to San Fernando Cathedral. 1817:

to perform in the 4,000-seat amphitheater where the play is performed.

502:

The development of the Passion Play was about the same as that of the

4344: 3309:"Passion Play Fills Life of Small Town in Brazil and Brings Tourists" 2854: 2746: 2230: 1683: 1661: 1653: 1641: 1591: 1558: 1222: 1167: 1159: 834: 773:

were erected. Sometimes the stage was divided into three sections by

688: 644: 575: 4402: 4222: 3823:"Prva postaja za uvrstitev Škofjeloškega pasijona na Unescov seznam" 3040: 2191:

in Oklahoma. The Holy City started as an Easter Passion Play in the

1154: 998: 149: 4943: 3698:"Vprašanja tradicije Škofjeloškega pasijona. Ekdotična persepktiva" 3589: 2730: 1538: 1522: 1379:("exhibitions") that feature models and renditions of the Passion. 1315: 1275: 1171: 935: 916: 896: 863: 847: 739: 551: 535: 455: 31: 4863:"The joy of being part of a Passion play – and a national revival" 4468:

cspaulding@muskogeephoenix.com, Cathy Spaulding / (5 April 2023).

4123: 4060:"SEE SOME OF THAT OLD TIME RELIGION AT GOOD FRIDAY 'PASSION PLAY'" 2267: 683:

Passion Plays, in which the whole world drama, beginning with the

469:

The modern revival of Passion Plays began with the revival of the

4199: 3840: 3642: 2969: 2523: 1940: 1749: 1733:, the first ballet style Passion Play, enacted in Negombo (2012). 1691: 1657: 1620: 1490: 1446: 1407: 1293: 1214: 1077: 908: 904: 871: 822: 762: 742: 619: 459: 313: 4735:"Who Killed Jesus? The Historical Context of Jesus' Crucifixion" 4366:

Briggs, David; "'I was looking at him and I couldn't see color'"

3210:. No. 31, 359. Victoria, Australia. 4 March 1947. p. 3 2557:

Although modern scholars interpret the "blood on our children" (

2526:

fashion, depicting a crowd of Jewish people condemning Jesus to

1071:, established in 1993, is produced annually, at Easter time, in 699: 251: 4934:

Official English website for the Oberammergau Passion Play 2010

3307:

Times, Marvine Howe Special to The New York (9 December 1972).

3157:

The Routledge Research Companion to Early Drama and Performance

2871: 2812: 2541: 2208: 2121:. It drew large crowds and attracted visitors to the church in 1550: 1471: 1198: 874:, however, is contemporary, historical accuracy being ignored. 817:

was the background of old-time middle east. There were no side

793: 766: 736: 515: 507: 428: 4672:

Pontius Pilate, anti-Semitism, and the Passion in medieval art

4467: 3988: 594:. All four Plays, as they are commonly called, are written in 4384:

Stories on the Passion Play controversy at passionplayusa.net

3133: 2696: 1748:

The Church of Immaculate Conception and Samta Cruz Church in

1587: 1387: 1371: 1318:, performs annual passion plays themed around movies such as 859: 855: 785: 770: 714: 595: 547: 543: 527: 439: 378: 4170: 2987:'Theatre.' The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Bible and the Arts 534:

languages; contents and forms were adapted more and more to

377:

Passion Plays have had a long and complex history involving

4836:"Towards Jewish-Christian Reconciliation & Partnership" 3504: 3401:"Paixão de Cristo: Brazil stages star-studded passion play" 3282:"O agreste pernambucano como palco para a Paixão de Cristo" 2229:, initiated in 1963, is based in the King James Version of 1357: 838: 781: 400: 355: 103:

personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay

27:

Dramatic presentation depicting the Passion of Jesus Christ

2113:

was formerly presented by the Fountain of Life Center, an

1249:, Alberta. It is staged outdoors in a naturally occurring 988: 784:

was pictured by the mouth of a monster, through which the

622:; the play, as transmitted to us, ends with Jesus and his 3797:Škofjeloški pasijon – Processio Locopolitana: 1721 – 1999 2972:

A New History of Early English Drama John D Cox and David

2721:, a leading global Jewish advocacy organization, and the 1977:

has been performed at Christ Community Church since 1935.

2289:

East Tennessee has hosted many Passion Plays, including

911:. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, during the 526:. Later, the Passion Play made its appearance, first in 2540:

explains, "for centuries prompted vicious attacks – or

1602:, or both. They were all based on the tradition of the 2479: 2173:, Cornerstone Full Gospel Church has put on the drama 4223:"The Story of Jesus - Florida's Leading Passion Play" 3604: 3368:"Brasil vive la pasión de Cristo a través del teatro" 2472:. The most famous passion play in the country is the 1782:

for a full list and description of UK Passion Plays.

809:

Simplicity of scenery, dialogue, action, and costumes

663:(1514) originated. Connected with this group are the 3585:"7 Facts about Fox's next live musical, The Passion" 2660:

Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do

2518:

Many Passion Plays historically blamed the Jews for

1911:

For 38 years and counting, the St. Thomas Church of

4098:"Efforts to save Passion Play successful - KSPR 33" 557: 174:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2984: 2262:was performed every summer for almost 70 years in 1557:' Seminary in Ołtarzew, and the most prominent in 1303:, organized by St. Peters Parish and performed at 877: 4289:The American Passion Play – A Study and a History 4087:, www.passionplays.org, accessed 20 February 2023 3522: 2622:in paintings and other visual media by this point 2340:. Between Glen Rose and its sister production in 2266:; this production was an American version of the 2248:, which was previously produced in the early 90s. 1361:Alan Fenech interpreting Jesus Christ in Il-Mixja 514:, which prescribes, among other things, that the 4950: 4139:"Mesa Mormon temple prepares for Easter pageant" 3550: 2513: 1883:has been performing during the Easter season in 1668:, holds the leading Passion Play in the region. 1113:in 1947, have been described as "passion plays". 1101:Other dramas with redemptionist themes, such as 724: 4528:"In Poland, new 'Passion' plays on old hatreds" 3855:"Negombo ready for Passion Play in ballet form" 3576: 3530:"TV Top 25: The Passion en dan heel lang niets" 2379:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 1466:Actor portraying Jesus on the cross during the 1081:The Lake Theatre, Moogerah Queensland Australia 550:, and, being designed to be sung, resembles an 492: 4939:Encyclopædia Britannica entry for Passion play 4291:. Bloomington, IL: American Passion Play, Inc. 4276:. Bloomington, IL: American Passion Play, Inc. 3959:"Features | Online edition of Daily News" 3876:. Passionplay.lankasites.com. 15 December 1988 3110:The Trinity: A Nineteenth Century Passion-play 2910:"History of Passion Plays - The Passion Trust" 2736: 2587:Why some Jews fear The Passion (of the Christ) 2534:for the crowd for the murder of Jesus, which, 2495:) had a plot similar to that of Passion Plays. 2323:The Passion is performed annually in downtown 317:Crucifixion scene during a 2010 production of 4885:"Passion plays 'stop people in their tracks'" 4341:"Passion Play at Park Performing Arts Center" 3961:. Dailynews.lk. 26 April 2012. Archived from 3750:Katalog Potujoče razstave Škofjeloški pasijon 3723:Andreis, Josip; Zlatić, Slavko, eds. (1959). 3722: 2985:Brady and Mitchell, Linzy and Jolyon (2016). 1134:, first performed in the Bavarian village of 1060:The Iona Passion Play was founded in 1958 in 700:Expansion and consolidation of previous plays 4785:"Oberammergau Passion Play: Resources | AJC" 4678: 4316: 4220: 4011:""Tharakayano" first passion play in ballet" 3841:"Balmaseda: Pasión Viviente, Pasio Biziduna" 3795:[Cultural Historical Significance]. 3729:. Belgrade: Edition Yugoslavia. p. 11. 2708:International Council of Christians and Jews 854:, is hung from the mouth of each of the two 694: 497: 370:traditions; as such Passion Plays are often 4568:"'Passion' Relies on Theme of antisemitism" 4413: 4057: 3923:"Thambakanda St. Bruno Church Passion Play" 3894: 3716: 1565:. This Passion Play is one of the oldest. 1299:There is also a well-known Passion Play in 415:Reenactment of the crucifixion of Jesus in 79:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4718:"Guidelines for Lutheran-Jewish Relations" 4705:"Guidelines for Lutheran-Jewish Relations" 4470:"Muskogee First Assembly presents 'Jesus'" 4438: 3218:– via National Library of Australia. 3061: 2970:John D Cox and David Scott Kastan (1997). 2772:Panfili, the Chaplain of the Europassion: 1130:The chief survivor of former times is the 434:Passion Plays were the focal point of the 4424:. Indiana University Press. p. 239. 4303:"Passion Play :: Andrews University" 4136: 2166:has been offered every summer since 1975. 1039:Learn how and when to remove this message 752: 299:Learn how and when to remove this message 234:Learn how and when to remove this message 132:Learn how and when to remove this message 4286: 3450: 3150: 3081: 2745: 2672:Guidelines for Lutheran-Jewish Relations 1631: 1461: 1356: 1344: 1181: 1153: 1121: 1076: 961:The text of the play of Vorderthiersee ( 647:for the use of the director, containing 410: 401:Origin and history in the United Kingdom 312: 276:of all important aspects of the article. 34:and outside the gates of Jerusalem, see 4703:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 4586: 4520: 4494:"The Theatre: Black Hills Passion Play" 4419: 4058:Charuvastra, Teeranai (24 March 2016). 3747: 3676:"Pagtaltal article in "The News Today"" 3658:"In pictures: Philippines crucifixions" 3236:(in Brazilian Portuguese). 8 April 2022 3107: 2897:LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses 2666:On 16 November 1998, Church Council of 2095:, presented by Bible Baptist Church in 1158:Overall view of the theatre in 2015 in 989:Modern performances of the Passion Play 578:. From this second period, we have the 454:were suppressed due to their perceived 14: 4951: 4860: 4605: 4558: 4444: 4271: 3582: 3202:"Impressive Passion Play in Town Hall" 3026: 2974:. New York: Columbia University Press. 2677:In 2003 and 2004 some people compared 2668:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 2627:In 1965, a Vatican declaration titled 1860:Since 1993, Church of Good Shepard in 1166:The Passion of Christ is performed in 522:should be sung in parts divided among 272:Please consider expanding the lead to 4539: 3695: 3365: 3306: 2654:published a B.C. strip that showed a 2530:and a Jewish leader assuming eternal 4882: 4634: 4422:Little Ohio: Small-Town Destinations 3069:Old German Passions Plays from Tyrol 2845:Sacri Monti of Piedmont and Lombardy 2351:The Play has also been performed in 2344:, over one million people have seen 1513:One of the more popular Senákulo is 1382:Since 2007, a Passion Play entitled 1021:adding citations to reliable sources 992: 944:Horice na Sumave, near Cesky Krumlov 643:has come down to us, a long roll of 245: 172:adding citations to reliable sources 143: 85: 44: 4445:Holmes, Christine (19 April 2019). 4130: 3897:"ජීවන්ගේ ඉල්ලීමට අධ්යක්ෂක කුරුසියේ" 2544:– on Europe's Jewish communities". 2480:The Passion Play in motion pictures 2026:, a suburb of the Twin Cities. The 1780:Passion Plays in the United Kingdom 1770:Passion Plays in the United Kingdom 1431:. Serving as a Dutch adaptation of 1213:. The nine separate stages include 610:embraces the entire history of the 407:Passion Plays in the United Kingdom 24: 4420:Ammeson, Jane Simon (2 May 2023). 4274:Story of the American Passion Play 2989:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2457:The Promise: The Power of His Love 2455:, and the production was entitled 1926:Florida's Passion Play is held in 1457: 1393: 1243:The Canadian Badlands Passion Play 958:attract thousands to their plays. 765:attached to the house represented 25: 4985: 4927: 4507:"Photos of the 2012 re-enactment" 4137:Griffiths, Lawn (24 March 2007). 3987:. Tharakayano.com. Archived from 3184:"Stage: The Turramurra Passion". 2189:Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge 1763: 841:. Judas has a black bird and the 614:, and begins with the revolt and 60:This article has multiple issues. 4811:"The Problem with Passion Plays" 4248:"The American Passion Play, Inc" 3583:Nelson, Carrie (February 2016). 3071:] (in German). Graz: Styria. 2741: 2636:Religion Newswriters Association 2233:, but a newer version, entitled 2045:New Melle Community Passion Play 1785: 1756:holds an annual Passion Play on 1336:-themed play went viral in 2022. 997: 963:Gespiel in der Vorderen Thiersee 891:. When, in the 17th century the 558:Addition of music and characters 250: 148: 90: 49: 4898: 4876: 4854: 4828: 4803: 4777: 4752: 4727: 4710: 4697: 4664: 4655: 4628: 4499: 4487: 4461: 4395: 4377: 4359: 4333: 4295: 4280: 4265: 4240: 4214: 4188: 4163: 4116: 4090: 4077: 4051: 4029: 4003: 3977: 3951: 3929: 3915: 3899:. Sarasaviya.lk. Archived from 3888: 3866: 3853:Rohan, Wijith (26 April 2012). 3847: 3833: 3815: 3785: 3760: 3741: 3689: 3668: 3650: 3630: 3497: 3472: 3444: 3419: 3393: 3359: 3334: 3300: 3274: 3248: 3222: 3194: 3177: 3144: 3126: 3101: 3075: 3055: 3020: 3011: 3002: 2704:Christian-Jewish Reconciliation 2291:The Smoky Mountain Passion Play 1008:needs additional citations for 878:Rediscovery of the Passion Play 264:may be too short to adequately 159:needs additional citations for 68:or discuss these issues on the 4013:. 11 June 2014. Archived from 3829:(in Slovenian). RTV Slovenija. 3799:(in Slovenian). Archived from 3427:"Paixão de Cristo - HistÃ³ria" 2993: 2978: 2963: 2954: 2945: 2936: 2927: 2902: 2889: 2766: 1682:The earliest Passion Plays in 1549:Tradition of Passion Plays in 481:in the 1970s and the York and 274:provide an accessible overview 13: 1: 4685:"'Passion' plays out locally" 3937:"Passion play in Ballet form" 3451:Johnston, Dais (3 May 2022). 3366:Arias, Juan (29 March 2013). 3062:Wackernell, Josef E. (1897). 2882: 2706:). For example, in 1947, the 2514:Antisemitism in Passion plays 2373:is performed every summer in 2097:Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey 2060:First United Methodist Church 1598:. Their language was German, 725:Elaborate, public productions 40:Passion Play (disambiguation) 3793:"Kulturno-zgodovinski pomen" 3708:(in Slovenian and English). 2801:Dramatic portrayals of Jesus 1980:Central Christian Church in 1671: 1445:to other countries, such as 1051: 601: 493:Origin and history in Europe 438:that were performed by city 7: 4403:"The St. John Passion Play" 4252:www.americanpassionplay.org 4196:""St. Thomas Passion Play"" 3925:. Daily Mirror – Sri Lanka. 3480:"Log In or Sign Up to View" 3190:. 6 April 2001. p. 61. 3151:Rogerson, Margaret (2016). 2778: 2737:Supporters of Passion Plays 2087:Park Performing Arts Center 1829:Mesa Arizona Easter Pageant 1743: 1577: 1404:Openluchttheater De Doolhof 1305:Holy Cross Catholic Academy 1126:Oberammergau Theatre (2013) 749:were still very primitive. 651:and the first words of the 427:: four lines spoken by two 10: 4990: 4722:Current Dialogue, Issue 33 4716:World Council of Churches 4547:"The Problem With Passion" 2607:Hitler: A Study in Tyranny 2491:(produced and directed by 2474:Passion Play of Iztapalapa 2020:North Heights Passion Play 1767: 1675: 1340: 1117: 922: 882: 769:. Under the balcony three 540:Benedictbeurn Passion Play 404: 393:, large-scale revival and 389:, religious and political 29: 4969:Stage portrayals of Jesus 4599:Christian Science Monitor 4407:www.stjohnpassionplay.org 4272:Tucker, Lawrence (1954). 3288:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 3262:(in Brazilian Portuguese) 3187:The Sydney Morning Herald 3155:. In King, Pamela (ed.). 3082:Obermair, Hannes (2004). 2719:American Jewish Committee 2689:The Passion of the Christ 2684:The Passion of the Christ 2594:Oberammergau Passion Play 2568:Christian Science Monitor 2550:magazine in its article, 2488:The Passion of the Christ 2463: 2223:Downingtown, Pennsylvania 2164:Living Word Outdoor Drama 2006:Berrien Springs, Michigan 1963:The American Passion Play 1890:The Passion of the Christ 1719:Kurusiya Matha Miyadunemi 1606:, which was organised by 1544: 1485:has Passion Plays called 1474:, Philippines, April 2010 1349:Budaörs Passion Play 2018 1245:is performed annually in 1236: 1177: 1132:Oberammergau Passion Play 931:wrote a book about them. 695:The Tyrolese Passion Play 598:, principally in German. 498:The Easter play precedent 4287:Williams, Louis (1970). 4124:"The Great Passion Play" 3538:(in Dutch). 5 April 2015 3431:www.novajerusalem.com.br 3405:Catholics & Cultures 3112:. Cambridge: Cambridge. 2850:Sanhedrin trial of Jesus 2577:collectively responsible 2552:The Problem With Passion 2260:Black Hills Passion Play 2242:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 2083:North Hudson, New Jersey 2029:Minneapolis Star-Tribune 1913:Southington, Connecticut 1855:Garden Grove, California 1798:Eureka Springs, Arkansas 1715:at Halpe, Katana (1990s) 1690:Duwa Passion Play, near 1678:Sri Lankan Passion plays 1627: 1612:Škofja Loka Passion Play 1365: 1327:Pirates of the Caribbean 1149: 689:coming of the Holy Ghost 687:and brought down to the 450:, the Passion Plays and 395:historical re-enactments 4690:13 October 2008 at the 4594:"Capturing the Passion" 4573:3 December 2008 at the 4371:9 November 2007 at the 3863:. Retrieved 2 May 2013. 3768:"A Mystical Experience" 3342:"New Jerusalem Theater" 3134:"The Iona Passion Play" 2750:Passion Trust logo 2014 2313:, which closed in 1996. 2303:Pigeon Forge, Tennessee 2264:Spearfish, South Dakota 2235:The Power and The Glory 1310:Church of the Rock, an 506:. It originated in the 473:in 1951 as part of the 374:Christian productions. 360:Christian denominations 3696:Ogrin, Matija (2008). 3108:Pearson, Karl (1882). 2819:Jesus Christ Superstar 2751: 2723:Anti-Defamation League 2664: 2614:Towneley Mystery Plays 2563:Anti-Defamation League 2443:Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 2428:Jesus Christ Superstar 2409:Purcellville, Virginia 2371:Mormon Miracle Pageant 2299:The Great Passion Play 2119:Burlington, New Jersey 2085:since 1915 and at the 2064:Kosciusko, Mississippi 2024:Arden Hills, Minnesota 1982:Mount Vernon, Illinois 1815:The Great Passion Play 1806:The Great Passion Play 1802:The Great Passion Play 1637: 1604:Ljubljana Passion Play 1475: 1362: 1350: 1269:Kingston Gospel Temple 1211:Brejo da Madre de Deus 1190: 1186:Roman Forum stage, in 1163: 1127: 1096:The Turramurra Passion 1082: 938:and Vorderthiersee in 862:takes the soul of the 753:Staging and set design 420: 362:, particularly in the 327: 325:Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 112:by rewriting it in an 38:. For other uses, see 3286:Ministério do Turismo 3260:Ministério do Turismo 3207:The Argus (Melbourne) 2840:Resurrection of Jesus 2749: 2640: 2573:Capturing the Passion 2470:Stations of the Cross 2453:The Power of His Love 2353:Hughes Springs, Texas 2309:Gatlinburg, Tennessee 2153:St. John Passion Play 2139:Resurrection of Jesus 1959:Bloomington, Illinois 1887:. Often described as 1862:Pittsburg, California 1635: 1563:Kalwaria Zebrzydowska 1465: 1370:The island nation of 1360: 1348: 1207:New Jerusalem Theater 1185: 1157: 1125: 1109:, as produced at the 1080: 1069:Moogerah Passion Play 950:, and above all, the 568:Mary, mother of Jesus 479:Chester Mystery Plays 462:Parliament. With the 414: 316: 4861:Wainwright, Martin. 4613:"Why some Jews fear 4526:Sennott, Charles M. 4151:on 11 September 2007 3161:Taylor & Francis 3091:Concilium Medii Aevi 2870:) commemorating the 2791:Crucifixion of Jesus 2404:Loudoun Passion Play 2311:Musical Passion Play 2207:and running through 2135:Crucifixion of Jesus 1614:. It was written by 1423:, a live television 1017:improve this article 913:Age of Enlightenment 168:improve this article 4580:The Palm Beach Post 4496:, 18 November 1940. 4389:13 May 2008 at the 4144:East Valley Tribune 2503:(Jésus de Montréal) 2423:Seattle, Washington 2397:Strasburg, Virginia 2297:from 1973 to 1992, 2295:Townsend, Tennessee 2277:Lake Wales, Florida 1989:Inverness, Illinois 1725:Thambakande Paskuwa 1650:Olesa de Montserrat 1312:interdenominational 1290:Queensway Cathedral 1111:Melbourne Town Hall 983:Höritz Passion Play 640:Ordo sive Registrum 475:Festival of Britain 4739:Zondervan Academic 4674:. 1 December 2009. 4622:Christianity Today 4583:, 25 January 2004. 4565:Foxman, Abraham H. 4545:Van Biema, David. 4327:The New York Times 4221:StoryOfJesus.com. 4202:on 22 October 2016 3772:The Slovenia Times 3706:Slavistična revija 3564:. 15 December 2015 3313:The New York Times 2752: 2598:Antisemitic canard 2582:Christianity Today 2571:, in its article, 2520:the death of Jesus 2383:The Book of Mormon 2325:San Antonio, Texas 2175:Worthy Is The Lamb 2171:Duncan Falls, Ohio 2002:Andrews University 1705:, Katana (1990/92) 1638: 1508:historical realism 1489:, named after the 1478:The predominantly 1476: 1470:in Barotac Viejo, 1438:Manchester Passion 1363: 1351: 1321:Back to the Future 1316:Winnipeg, Manitoba 1283:Thornhill, Ontario 1233:and 12 countries. 1197:, in northeastern 1191: 1164: 1128: 1107:The Just Vengeance 1083: 903:, particularly in 747:stage arrangements 592:Maestricht Passion 487:Edinburgh Festival 471:York Mystery Plays 421: 328: 114:encyclopedic style 101:is written like a 4974:Theatrical genres 4842:. 3 February 2016 4815:www.beliefnet.com 4694:February 17, 2004 4555:, 25 August 2003. 4431:978-0-253-06511-7 4104:on 11 August 2014 4083:'Passion Plays', 3991:on 19 August 2013 3895:ප්රසාද් සමරතුංග. 3827:MMC RTV Slovenija 3618:. 15 January 2016 2501:Jesus of Montreal 2342:Branson, Missouri 2336:, performed near 2193:Wichita Mountains 2115:Assemblies of God 1975:Zion Passion Play 1851:Crystal Cathedral 1713:Aho mage senageni 1709:Aho mage Senageni 1664:, in the Spanish 1443:television format 1265:Kingston, Ontario 1258:Hamilton, Ontario 1227:Passion of Christ 1103:Dorothy L. Sayers 1049: 1048: 1041: 858:on the cross; an 850:representing the 635:Frankfort Passion 588:Frankfort Passion 576:repeated practice 309: 308: 301: 291: 290: 244: 243: 236: 218: 142: 141: 134: 83: 16:(Redirected from 4981: 4944:Passion Plays UK 4921: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4858: 4852: 4851: 4849: 4847: 4832: 4826: 4825: 4823: 4821: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4791:. 13 August 2021 4781: 4775: 4774: 4772: 4770: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4745: 4731: 4725: 4714: 4708: 4707:16 November 1998 4701: 4695: 4682: 4676: 4675: 4668: 4662: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4632: 4626: 4609: 4603: 4590: 4584: 4562: 4556: 4543: 4537: 4536:, 10 April 2004. 4533:The Boston Globe 4524: 4518: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4503: 4497: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4474:Muskogee Phoenix 4465: 4459: 4458: 4456: 4454: 4442: 4436: 4435: 4417: 4411: 4410: 4399: 4393: 4381: 4375: 4363: 4357: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4343:. 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Sundaytimes.lk 3933: 3927: 3926: 3919: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3903:on 27 April 2014 3892: 3886: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3870: 3864: 3851: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3831: 3830: 3819: 3813: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3789: 3783: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3720: 3714: 3713: 3703: 3693: 3687: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3672: 3666: 3665: 3664:. 29 March 2002. 3654: 3648: 3647: 3646:. 18 April 2014. 3634: 3628: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3608: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3554: 3548: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3526: 3520: 3519: 3517: 3515: 3501: 3495: 3494: 3492: 3490: 3484:www.facebook.com 3476: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3465: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3439: 3437: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3397: 3391: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3363: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3352: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3327: 3304: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3278: 3272: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3252: 3246: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3226: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3198: 3192: 3191: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3148: 3142: 3141: 3130: 3124: 3123: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3088: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3024: 3018: 3015: 3009: 3006: 3000: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2952: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2934: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2914:passiontrust.org 2906: 2900: 2893: 2809: 2717:The work of the 2537:The Boston Globe 2532:collective guilt 2377:, by members of 2357:The Passion Play 2338:Glen Rose, Texas 2227:The Passion Play 2199:Since 1990, the 2105:Lodi, New Jersey 2101:Felician College 1895:Cirque du Soleil 1885:Colorado Springs 1832:Jesus the Christ 1701:Passion Play at 1301:Vaughan, Ontario 1231:Brazilian states 1044: 1037: 1033: 1030: 1024: 1001: 993: 827:entered into him 710:Tyrolese Passion 649:stage directions 584:St. Gall Passion 304: 297: 286: 283: 277: 254: 246: 239: 232: 228: 225: 219: 217: 176: 152: 144: 137: 130: 126: 123: 117: 94: 93: 86: 75: 53: 52: 45: 21: 4989: 4988: 4984: 4983: 4982: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4949: 4948: 4930: 4925: 4924: 4914: 4912: 4904: 4903: 4899: 4889: 4887: 4883:Ashworth, Pat. 4881: 4877: 4867: 4865: 4859: 4855: 4845: 4843: 4834: 4833: 4829: 4819: 4817: 4809: 4808: 4804: 4794: 4792: 4783: 4782: 4778: 4768: 4766: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4743: 4741: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4715: 4711: 4702: 4698: 4692:Wayback Machine 4683: 4679: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4660: 4656: 4633: 4629: 4611:Hansen, Colin. 4610: 4606: 4602:, 10 July 2003. 4592:Lampman, Jane. 4591: 4587: 4575:Wayback Machine 4563: 4559: 4544: 4540: 4525: 4521: 4511: 4509: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4492: 4488: 4478: 4476: 4466: 4462: 4452: 4450: 4443: 4439: 4432: 4418: 4414: 4401: 4400: 4396: 4391:Wayback Machine 4382: 4378: 4373:Wayback Machine 4364: 4360: 4350: 4348: 4347:on 27 July 2011 4339: 4338: 4334: 4321: 4317: 4307: 4305: 4301: 4300: 4296: 4285: 4281: 4270: 4266: 4256: 4254: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4231: 4229: 4219: 4215: 4205: 4203: 4194: 4193: 4189: 4179: 4177: 4169: 4168: 4164: 4154: 4152: 4135: 4131: 4122: 4121: 4117: 4107: 4105: 4096: 4095: 4091: 4082: 4078: 4068: 4066: 4064:Khaosod English 4056: 4052: 4042: 4040: 4035: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4017:on 11 June 2014 4009: 4008: 4004: 3994: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3978: 3968: 3966: 3957: 3956: 3952: 3942: 3940: 3935: 3934: 3930: 3921: 3920: 3916: 3906: 3904: 3893: 3889: 3879: 3877: 3872: 3871: 3867: 3852: 3848: 3839: 3838: 3834: 3821: 3820: 3816: 3806: 3804: 3803:on 5 April 2012 3791: 3790: 3786: 3776: 3774: 3766: 3765: 3761: 3746: 3742: 3721: 3717: 3701: 3694: 3690: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3656: 3655: 3651: 3636: 3635: 3631: 3621: 3619: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3595: 3593: 3581: 3577: 3567: 3565: 3556: 3555: 3551: 3541: 3539: 3528: 3527: 3523: 3513: 3511: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3488: 3486: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3463: 3461: 3449: 3445: 3435: 3433: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3399: 3398: 3394: 3384: 3382: 3364: 3360: 3350: 3348: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3325: 3323: 3305: 3301: 3291: 3289: 3280: 3279: 3275: 3265: 3263: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3239: 3237: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3171: 3149: 3145: 3138:passionplay.org 3132: 3131: 3127: 3120: 3106: 3102: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3060: 3056: 3041:10.2307/2856044 3025: 3021: 3016: 3012: 3007: 3003: 2998: 2994: 2983: 2979: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2955: 2950: 2946: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2928: 2918: 2916: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2894: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2805: 2796:Christian drama 2786:Arrest of Jesus 2781: 2769: 2744: 2739: 2516: 2482: 2466: 2160:Cambridge, Ohio 2093:The Jesus Story 1847:Glory of Easter 1788: 1772: 1766: 1746: 1680: 1674: 1630: 1580: 1547: 1531:San Pedro Cutud 1460: 1458:The Philippines 1400:De Passiespelen 1396: 1394:The Netherlands 1368: 1343: 1239: 1180: 1152: 1120: 1088:New South Wales 1054: 1045: 1034: 1028: 1025: 1014: 1002: 991: 979:P. Weissenhofer 925: 885: 880: 848:painted picture 811: 755: 727: 702: 697: 685:creation of man 628:the Last Supper 624:Twelve Apostles 604: 560: 524:various persons 500: 495: 485:as part of the 409: 403: 305: 294: 293: 292: 287: 281: 278: 271: 259:This article's 255: 240: 229: 223: 220: 177: 175: 165: 153: 138: 127: 121: 118: 110:help improve it 107: 95: 91: 54: 50: 43: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4987: 4977: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4964:Medieval drama 4961: 4947: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4929: 4928:External links 4926: 4923: 4922: 4897: 4875: 4853: 4827: 4802: 4776: 4751: 4726: 4709: 4696: 4677: 4663: 4654: 4627: 4604: 4585: 4557: 4538: 4519: 4498: 4486: 4460: 4437: 4430: 4412: 4394: 4376: 4358: 4332: 4315: 4294: 4279: 4264: 4239: 4213: 4187: 4162: 4129: 4115: 4089: 4076: 4050: 4028: 4002: 3976: 3950: 3928: 3914: 3887: 3865: 3846: 3832: 3814: 3784: 3759: 3740: 3726:Yugoslav Music 3715: 3688: 3667: 3649: 3629: 3603: 3575: 3549: 3521: 3496: 3471: 3443: 3418: 3407:. 30 July 2013 3392: 3374:(in Spanish). 3358: 3333: 3299: 3273: 3247: 3221: 3193: 3176: 3169: 3143: 3125: 3119:978-1346465043 3118: 3100: 3074: 3054: 3019: 3010: 3001: 2992: 2977: 2962: 2953: 2944: 2935: 2926: 2901: 2887: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2878: 2876:Husayn bin Ali 2866:Passion Play ( 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2815: 2810: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2768: 2765: 2743: 2740: 2738: 2735: 2638:observed that 2618:Pontius Pilate 2515: 2512: 2511: 2510: 2496: 2481: 2478: 2465: 2462: 2461: 2460: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2412: 2400: 2392: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2366: 2365: 2361: 2360: 2349: 2328: 2320: 2319: 2315: 2314: 2286: 2285: 2281: 2280: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2249: 2238: 2218: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2197: 2184: 2183: 2179: 2178: 2167: 2156: 2148: 2147: 2143: 2142: 2108: 2090: 2078: 2077: 2073: 2072: 2055: 2054: 2050: 2049: 2040: 2039: 2035: 2034: 2015: 2014: 2010: 2009: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1986: 1978: 1971:Zion, Illinois 1967: 1954: 1953: 1949: 1948: 1937: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1923: 1922: 1918: 1917: 1908: 1907: 1903: 1902: 1876: 1875: 1871: 1870: 1858: 1842: 1841: 1837: 1836: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1818: 1793: 1792: 1787: 1784: 1768:Main article: 1765: 1764:United Kingdom 1762: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1740: 1734: 1728: 1722: 1716: 1706: 1695: 1676:Main article: 1673: 1670: 1666:Basque Country 1629: 1626: 1616:Father Romuald 1579: 1576: 1575: 1574: 1546: 1543: 1459: 1456: 1455: 1454: 1417:has broadcast 1411: 1395: 1392: 1367: 1364: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1337: 1308: 1297: 1286: 1279: 1272: 1261: 1254: 1238: 1235: 1215:The Upper Room 1179: 1176: 1151: 1148: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1114: 1099: 1084: 1065: 1053: 1050: 1047: 1046: 1005: 1003: 996: 990: 987: 948:Czech Republic 924: 921: 884: 881: 879: 876: 810: 807: 754: 751: 726: 723: 701: 698: 696: 693: 669:Donaueschingen 608:Vienna Passion 603: 600: 580:Vienna Passion 572:Mary Magdalene 559: 556: 546:and of church 499: 496: 494: 491: 483:Towneley Plays 452:Mystery Cycles 425:Quem Quaeritis 405:Main article: 402: 399: 342:depicting the 338:is a dramatic 336:Easter pageant 307: 306: 289: 288: 268:the key points 258: 256: 249: 242: 241: 183:"Passion Play" 156: 154: 147: 140: 139: 98: 96: 89: 84: 58: 57: 55: 48: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4986: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4959:Passion plays 4957: 4956: 4954: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4931: 4911: 4907: 4906:"Europassion" 4901: 4886: 4879: 4864: 4857: 4841: 4837: 4831: 4816: 4812: 4806: 4790: 4786: 4780: 4765: 4764:www.bbc.co.uk 4761: 4755: 4740: 4736: 4730: 4723: 4719: 4713: 4706: 4700: 4693: 4689: 4686: 4681: 4673: 4667: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4624: 4623: 4618: 4616: 4608: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4589: 4582: 4581: 4576: 4572: 4569: 4566: 4561: 4554: 4553: 4552:Time Magazine 4548: 4542: 4535: 4534: 4529: 4523: 4508: 4502: 4495: 4490: 4475: 4471: 4464: 4449:. 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