33:
492:. The Commissioner is required to investigate the complaint and to produce a report at its conclusion. The report is not binding on the parties but is more of a recommendation. The Commissioner does not have any powers to order compliance, award damages, or levy penalties. The organization complained about does not have to follow the recommendations. The complainant, with the report in hand, can then take the matter to the
308:). In 2002, the law was expanded to include the health sector. Finally in 2004, any organization that collects personal information in the course of commercial activity was covered by PIPEDA, except in provinces that have "substantially similar" privacy laws. As of October 2018, seven provinces have privacy laws that have been declared by the federal Governor in Council to be substantially similar to PIPEDA:
205:'s Model Code for the Protection of Personal Information, developed in 1995. However, there are a number of exceptions to the Code where information can be collected, used and disclosed without the consent of the individual. Examples include reasons of national security, international affairs, and emergencies. Under the
213:, whether federal, provincial or foreign. There are also exceptions to the general rule that an individual shall be given access to his or her personal information. Exceptions may include information that would likely reveal personal information about a third party, information that cannot be disclosed for certain
463:
In general, PIPEDA applies to organizations' commercial activities in all provinces, except organizations that collect, use or disclose personal information entirely within provinces that have their own privacy laws, which have been declared substantially similar to the federal law. In such cases, it
459:
The PIPEDA sets out ground rules for how private sector organizations may collect, use or disclose personal information in the course of commercial activities. PIPEDA also applies to federal works, undertakings, and business in respect of employee personal information. The law gives individuals the
467:
Recently, the Office of the
Privacy Commissioner of Canada, as well as academics and members of civil society, have claimed that it does not address modern challenges of privacy law sufficiently, calling for reforming PIPEDA in view of AI. The Canadian government responded to these calls with a
61:
An Act to support and promote electronic commerce by protecting the personal information that is collected, used or disclosed in certain circumstances, by providing for the use of electronic means to communicate or record information or transactions, and by amending the
996:
682:
464:
is the substantially similar provincial law that will apply instead of PIPEDA, although PIPEDA continues to apply to federal works, undertakings or businesses and to interprovincial or international transfers of personal information.
503:
for a hearing with respect to the subject matter of the complaint. The Court has the power to order the organization to correct its practices, to publicize the steps it will take to correct its practices, and to award damages.
233:"Personal Information", as specified in PIPEDA, is as follows: information about an identifiable individual, but does not include the name, title or business address, or telephone number of an employee of an organization.
456:(Senate Bill S-4) became law, amending the PIPEDA to include a business transaction exemption, mandatory breach notification requirements, enhanced powers for the Privacy Commissioner, and various other updates.
281:
supply an individual with a product or a service even if they refuse consent for the collection, use, or disclosure of your personal information unless that information is essential to the transaction;
251:
expect an organization to collect, use or disclose their personal information reasonably and appropriately, and not use the information for any purpose other than that to which they have consented;
496:. The responding organization cannot take the matter to the courts, because the report is not a decision and PIPEDA does not explicitly grant the responding organization the right to do so.
512:
As a result of long-enduring and central gap in Canada's privacy protections, Bill C-475 was proposed in
February 2013 by Charmaine Borg, MP, proposing several amendments to the
808:
664:
440:
To provide patients with a right to request access to and correction of their records of personal health information held by health information custodians.
967:
703:
568:
McClennan, Jennifer P.; Schick, Vadim (2007). "O, Privacy: Canada's
Importance in the Development of the International Data Privacy Regime".
489:
409:
598:
296:
The implementation of PIPEDA occurred in three stages. Starting in 2001, the law applied to federally regulated industries (such as
110:
Section 1 in force 13 April 2000; Parts 2, 3 and 4 in force 1 May 2000; Part 1 in force 1 January 2001; Part 5 in force 1 June 2009
639:
1041:
526:
885:"Fact Sheet: The Digital Privacy Act - Summary of key changes to the Personal Information and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)"
266:
complain about how an organization handles their personal information if they feel their privacy rights have not been respected.
1161:
981:
1122:
A regularly updated blog on issues related to privacy law and PIPEDA written by David T. S. Fraser, a
Canadian privacy lawyer.
1146:
846:
422:(typically pronounced 'pee-hip-ah'), established in 2004, outlines privacy regulations for health information custodians in
443:
To impose administrative requirements (regulations) on custodians with respect to records of personal health information.
460:
right to access and request correction of the personal information these organizations may have collected about them.
668:
187:
166:
organizations collect, use and disclose personal information in the course of commercial business. In addition, the
202:
437:
To govern the collection, use, and disclosure of personal health information by health information custodians.
1141:
787:
1151:
766:
260:
expect the personal information an organization holds about them to be accurate, complete, and up-to-date;
1156:
745:
222:
209:, personal information can also be disclosed without knowledge or consent to investigations related to
257:
expect an organization to protect their personal information by taking appropriate security measures;
613:
532:
1062:
838:
500:
493:
1026:
953:
911:
587:
426:, Canada. Breaches of PHIPA are directed to the Ontario Information and Privacy Commissioner.
1114:
624:
884:
1126:
Overview of Canada’s
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA):
195:
183:
92:
40:
8:
537:
287:
have personal information policies that are clear, understandable, and readily available.
175:
171:
120:
831:
643:
254:
know who in the organization is responsible for protecting their personal information;
1014:
941:
899:
842:
788:"Personal Health Information Custodians in Newfoundland and Labrador Exemption Order"
263:
obtain access to their personal information and ask for corrections if necessary; and
724:
1063:"Private Member Bill Seeks to Bring Long Overdue Privacy Protections for Canadians"
156:
Loi sur la protection des renseignements personnels et les documents électroniques
210:
194:("Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector") must be reviewed by
151:
1107:
704:"An Act respecting the protection of personal information in the private sector"
556:
1128:
An overview of Canada's PIPEDA, where
Canadian federal is discussed thoroughly.
1042:"Report of the Standing Committee on Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics"
179:
163:
1119:
1083:
968:"Policy Proposals for PIPEDA Reform to Address Artificial Intelligence Report"
313:
An Act
Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private Sector
278:
obtain consent when they collect, use, or disclose their personal information;
1135:
926:
245:
345:(Newfoundland and Labrador), "with respect to health information custodians"
927:"The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)"
305:
159:
499:
PIPEDA provides, at section 14, the complainant the right to apply to the
767:"Personal Health Information Custodians in New Brunswick Exemption Order"
360:
339:(New Brunswick), "with respect to personal health information custodians"
468:
comprehensive reform project currently under
Parliamentary discussion.
221:, or commercial proprietary reasons, and information that is subject to
400:
51:
1125:
485:
484:
for violations of the law's obligations. Instead, PIPEDA follows an
32:
372:
Consent must be garnered for the collection of personal information
218:
198:
every five years. The first
Parliamentary review occurred in 2007.
828:
174:. PIPEDA became law on 13 April 2000 to promote consumer trust in
481:
423:
375:
Collection of personal information limited to reasonable purposes
297:
833:
Guide to the
Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act
811:. Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada. 29 October 2014
809:"Memorandum of Understanding with Alberta and British Columbia"
683:"Provincial legislation deemed substantially similar to PIPEDA"
1115:
Example of a PIPEDA request for video surveillance recordings.
351:(Nova Scotia), "with respect to health information custodians"
214:
1109:
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
995:
Canada, Office of the Privacy Commissioner of (2016-09-12).
829:
Perun, Halyna; Michael Orr; Fannie Dimitriadis (2005). "2".
244:
know why an organization collects, uses, or discloses their
143:
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
25:
Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act
301:
333:(Ontario), "with respect to health information custodians"
201:
PIPEDA incorporates and makes mandatory provisions of the
384:
Stored personal information must be accurate and complete
190:. In accordance with section 29 of PIPEDA, Part I of the
997:"How to apply for a Federal Court hearing under PIPEDA"
862:
337:
The Personal Health Information Privacy and Access Act
725:"BILL 38 - 2003: PERSONAL INFORMATION PROTECTION ACT"
170:
contains various provisions to facilitate the use of
186:
was adequate to protect the personal information of
830:
378:Limits use and disclosure of personal information
284:collect information by fair and lawful means; and
1133:
925:Canada, Office of the Privacy Commissioner of.
883:Canada, Office of the Privacy Commissioner of.
567:
390:Policies and procedures for breaches of privacy
685:. Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
599:PIPEDA Review – Privacy Commissioner of Canada
331:The Personal Health Information Protection Act
609:Section 7, subparagraph (3)(c.1)(ii) of the
557:http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/PDF/P-8.6.pdf
516:. Bill C-475 was defeated in January 2014.
490:Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
178:. The act was also intended to reassure the
667:. Gazette.gc.ca. 2002-08-03. Archived from
488:model in which complaints are taken to the
837:. Toronto ON, Canada: Irwin Law. pp.
431:Personal Health Information Protection Act
416:Personal Health Information Protection Act
410:Personal Health Information Protection Act
402:Personal Health Information Protection Act
396:Special rules for employment relationships
387:Designates the role of the Privacy Officer
31:
1039:
570:Georgetown Journal of International Law
527:Fighting Internet and Wireless Spam Act
325:The Personal Information Protection Act
319:The Personal Information Protection Act
1134:
994:
507:
480:does not create an automatic right to
393:Measures for resolution of complaints
381:Limits access to personal information
1040:Dusseault, Pierre-Luc (April 2013).
769:. Department of Justice. 2011-11-17
362:Personal Information Protection Act
349:The Personal Health Information Act
343:The Personal Health Information Act
13:
924:
882:
706:. .publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca
640:"Implementation Schedule - PIPEDA"
433:serves three important functions:
14:
1173:
1101:
982:"Consumer Privacy Protection Act"
291:
134:John Manley, Minister of Industry
158:) is a Canadian law relating to
1076:
1055:
1033:
988:
974:
960:
918:
876:
855:
822:
801:
780:
759:
738:
717:
696:
642:. Privcom.gc.ca. Archived from
240:gives individuals the right to
1120:The Canadian Privacy Law Blog:
675:
657:
632:
618:
603:
592:
580:
561:
550:
203:Canadian Standards Association
1:
1162:Privacy legislation in Canada
543:
1147:Canadian federal legislation
790:. Canada Gazette. 2012-10-10
447:
368:Notable provisions of PIPA:
7:
519:
471:
355:Memorandum of Understanding
228:
10:
1178:
748:. Qp.gov.ab.ca. March 2007
407:
274:requires organizations to
223:solicitor-client privilege
746:"Alberta Queen's Printer"
130:
126:36th Parliament, Bill C-6
119:
114:
106:
98:
88:
80:
68:Statutory Instruments Act
46:
39:
30:
23:
1049:House of Commons Canada
727:. Leg.bc.ca. 2004-01-01
625:Subsection 9(3) of the
533:Information privacy law
501:Federal Court of Canada
494:Federal Court of Canada
418:, known by its acronym
452:On June 18, 2015, the
155:
72:Statute Revision Act
1142:2000 in Canadian law
246:personal information
184:Canadian privacy law
172:electronic documents
93:Parliament of Canada
41:Parliament of Canada
1152:Information privacy
1086:. openparliament.ca
538:Information privacy
508:Proposed Bill C-475
454:Digital Privacy Act
176:electronic commerce
115:Legislative history
64:Canada Evidence Act
1025:has generic name (
952:has generic name (
910:has generic name (
364:(British Columbia)
321:(British Columbia)
1157:Privacy in Canada
848:978-1-4593-1363-7
188:European citizens
162:. It governs how
138:
137:
16:2000 Canadian law
1169:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1091:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1018:
1010:
1008:
1007:
992:
986:
985:
978:
972:
971:
970:. November 2020.
964:
958:
957:
951:
947:
945:
937:
935:
934:
929:. www.priv.gc.ca
922:
916:
915:
909:
905:
903:
895:
893:
892:
887:. www.priv.gc.ca
880:
874:
873:
871:
870:
859:
853:
852:
836:
826:
820:
819:
817:
816:
805:
799:
798:
796:
795:
784:
778:
777:
775:
774:
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
742:
736:
735:
733:
732:
721:
715:
714:
712:
711:
700:
694:
693:
691:
690:
679:
673:
672:
665:"Canada Gazette"
661:
655:
654:
652:
651:
636:
630:
622:
616:
607:
601:
596:
590:
584:
578:
577:
565:
559:
554:
99:Assented to
35:
21:
20:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1132:
1131:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1068:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1044:
1038:
1034:
1022:
1021:
1012:
1011:
1005:
1003:
993:
989:
980:
979:
975:
966:
965:
961:
949:
948:
939:
938:
932:
930:
923:
919:
907:
906:
897:
896:
890:
888:
881:
877:
868:
866:
861:
860:
856:
849:
827:
823:
814:
812:
807:
806:
802:
793:
791:
786:
785:
781:
772:
770:
765:
764:
760:
751:
749:
744:
743:
739:
730:
728:
723:
722:
718:
709:
707:
702:
701:
697:
688:
686:
681:
680:
676:
663:
662:
658:
649:
647:
638:
637:
633:
623:
619:
608:
604:
597:
593:
585:
581:
566:
562:
555:
551:
546:
522:
510:
474:
450:
412:
406:
366:
294:
231:
211:law enforcement
89:Enacted by
84:S.C. 2000, c. 5
76:
73:
56:
55:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1175:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1112:
1103:
1102:External links
1100:
1097:
1096:
1075:
1054:
1032:
1001:www.priv.gc.ca
987:
973:
959:
917:
875:
854:
847:
821:
800:
779:
758:
737:
716:
695:
674:
671:on 2012-04-19.
656:
631:
617:
602:
591:
586:Section 29 of
579:
560:
548:
547:
545:
542:
541:
540:
535:
530:
521:
518:
509:
506:
473:
470:
449:
446:
445:
444:
441:
438:
408:Main article:
405:
399:
398:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
373:
365:
359:
358:
357:
352:
346:
340:
334:
328:
322:
316:
293:
292:Implementation
290:
289:
288:
285:
282:
279:
268:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
230:
227:
180:European Union
164:private sector
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
124:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
75:
74:
59:
49:
48:
47:
44:
43:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1174:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1105:
1085:
1079:
1064:
1058:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1028:
1016:
1002:
998:
991:
983:
977:
969:
963:
955:
943:
928:
921:
913:
901:
886:
879:
864:
858:
850:
844:
840:
835:
834:
825:
810:
804:
789:
783:
768:
762:
747:
741:
726:
720:
705:
699:
684:
678:
670:
666:
660:
646:on 2008-09-07
645:
641:
635:
629:
628:
621:
615:
612:
606:
600:
595:
589:
583:
575:
571:
564:
558:
553:
549:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
528:
524:
523:
517:
515:
505:
502:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
469:
465:
461:
457:
455:
442:
439:
436:
435:
434:
432:
427:
425:
421:
417:
411:
403:
395:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
370:
369:
363:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
310:
309:
307:
303:
299:
286:
283:
280:
277:
276:
275:
273:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
243:
242:
241:
239:
234:
226:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
144:
133:
131:Introduced by
129:
125:
122:
118:
113:
109:
105:
102:13 April 2000
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
83:
79:
71:
67:
63:
58:
57:
54:
53:
45:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1108:
1088:. Retrieved
1078:
1067:. Retrieved
1057:
1048:
1035:
1023:|first=
1004:. Retrieved
1000:
990:
976:
962:
950:|first=
931:. Retrieved
920:
908:|first=
889:. Retrieved
878:
867:. Retrieved
857:
832:
824:
813:. Retrieved
803:
792:. Retrieved
782:
771:. Retrieved
761:
750:. Retrieved
740:
729:. Retrieved
719:
708:. Retrieved
698:
687:. Retrieved
677:
669:the original
659:
648:. Retrieved
644:the original
634:
626:
620:
610:
605:
594:
582:
573:
569:
563:
552:
525:
513:
511:
498:
477:
475:
466:
462:
458:
453:
451:
430:
428:
419:
415:
413:
401:
367:
361:
354:
348:
342:
336:
330:
324:
318:
312:
306:broadcasting
295:
271:
269:
237:
235:
232:
206:
200:
191:
167:
160:data privacy
147:
142:
141:
139:
69:
65:
60:
50:
24:
18:
1084:"Bill C475"
1065:. cippic.ca
865:. ipc.on.ca
863:"ipc.on.ca"
1136:Categories
1090:2014-12-13
1069:2013-06-26
1006:2020-11-15
933:2015-11-29
891:2015-11-29
869:2012-01-17
815:2018-10-15
794:2012-12-01
773:2012-11-24
752:2012-01-17
731:2012-01-17
710:2012-01-17
689:2018-10-15
650:2012-07-25
576:: 669–693.
544:References
196:Parliament
52:Long title
486:ombudsman
448:Amendment
404:(Ontario)
327:(Alberta)
182:that the
107:Commenced
1015:cite web
942:cite web
900:cite web
520:See also
472:Remedies
315:(Quebec)
298:airlines
229:Overview
219:security
81:Citation
70:and the
614:the act
588:the Act
424:Ontario
302:banking
845:
152:French
148:PIPEDA
66:, the
1045:(PDF)
839:19–20
420:PHIPA
215:legal
123:title
1027:help
954:help
912:help
843:ISBN
476:The
429:The
414:The
304:and
270:The
236:The
140:The
121:Bill
627:Act
611:Act
514:Act
482:sue
478:Act
272:Act
238:Act
207:Act
192:Act
168:Act
1138::
1047:.
1019::
1017:}}
1013:{{
999:.
946::
944:}}
940:{{
904::
902:}}
898:{{
841:.
574:38
572:.
300:,
225:.
217:,
154::
150:;
1093:.
1072:.
1051:.
1029:)
1009:.
984:.
956:)
936:.
914:)
894:.
872:.
851:.
818:.
797:.
776:.
755:.
734:.
713:.
692:.
653:.
248:;
146:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
