419:
924:
519:
47:
2532:
700:
398:
About 7.5% of people have a sore throat in any 3-month period. Two or three episodes in a year are not uncommon. This resulted in 15 million physician visits in the United States in 2007. Pharyngitis is the most common cause of a sore throat. The word comes from the
2115:
394:
are useful in acute pharyngitis, other than possibly in severe cases, but a recent (2020) review found that when used in combination with antibiotics they moderately reduced pain and the likelihood of resolution.
2599:
2580:
2561:
1035:
are useful if a bacterial infection is the cause of the sore throat. For viral infections, antibiotics have no effect. In the United States, they are used in 25% of people before a bacterial infection has been
2449:
Urkin, J; Allenbogen, M; Friger, M; Vinker, S; Reuveni, H; Elahayani, A (November 2013). "Acute pharyngitis: low adherence to guidelines highlights need for greater flexibility in managing paediatric cases".
1984:
2108:
1401:
1423:
3084:
931:
Differentiating a viral and a bacterial cause of a sore throat based on symptoms alone is difficult. Thus, a throat swab often is done to rule out a bacterial cause.
1188:
Hildreth, AF; Takhar, S; Clark, MA; Hatten, B (September 2015). "Evidence-Based
Evaluation And Management Of Patients With Pharyngitis In The Emergency Department".
719:, and large lymph nodes. It is a contagious infection, spread by close contact with an infected individual. A definitive diagnosis is made based on the results of a
938:
may be used to determine the management of people with pharyngitis. Based on five clinical criteria, it indicates the probability of a streptococcal infection.
2169:"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis: 2012 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America"
348:
testing has become common as it is as good as taking a throat swab but gives a faster result. Other conditions that can produce similar symptoms include
1980:
1710:
1649:
2001:
2703:
1073:
2504:
972:
and considers antibiotics only appropriate following positive testing. Testing is not needed in children under three, as both group A strep and
1008:, can help reduce the pain associated with a sore throat. Aspirin may be used in adults, but is not recommended in children due to the risk of
1496:
de Cassan, Simone; Thompson, Matthew J.; Perera, Rafael; Glasziou, Paul P.; Del Mar, Chris B.; Heneghan, Carl J.; Hayward, Gail (1 May 2020).
3548:
490:
is an archaic term formerly used for chronic pharyngitis associated with overuse of the voice as in public speaking. It was sometimes called
1999:
Reynolds SC, Chow AW (September–October 2009). "Severe soft tissue infections of the head and neck: a primer for critical care physicians".
1345:
1393:
1446:"No evidence for the effectiveness of systemic corticosteroids in acute pharyngitis, community-acquired pneumonia and acute otitis media"
1235:
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118:
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1911:
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532:
These comprise about 40–80% of all infectious cases and can be a feature of many different types of viral infections.
3750:
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2725:
2720:
1625:
1586:
Respiratory Care
Anatomy and Physiology, Foundations for Clinical Practice,3: Respiratory Care Anatomy and Physiology
1355:
1321:
1229:
1131:
427:
292:
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984:
The majority of the time, treatment is symptomatic. Specific treatments are effective for bacterial, fungal, and
329:
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3231:
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556:
are present with rapid onset high temperature, headache, and generalized ache. A sore throat may be associated.
3339:
802:
4028:
4003:
3538:
3489:
3322:
3260:
2220:
894:
337:
190:
2167:
Shulman ST, Bisno AL, Clegg HW, Gerber MA, Kaplan EL, Lee G, Martin JM, Van
Beneden C (9 September 2012).
1706:
1645:
1370:
310:, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as
3499:
1086:
are promoted and used for the treatment of sore throats. However, they are poorly supported by evidence.
818:
769:
656:
604:
332:. Specific testing is not recommended in people who have clear symptoms of a viral infection, such as a
3685:
2082:
1098:
and, together with cough, it is diagnosed in more than 1.9 million people a year in the United States.
839:
Pharyngitis may also be caused by mechanical, chemical, or thermal irritation, for example cold air or
711:(GAS). It is the most common bacterial cause of cases of pharyngitis (15–30%). Common symptoms include
3964:
3791:
3558:
3183:
3157:
2882:
2783:
740:
694:
681:
611:
can cause infection of the throat, ear, and lungs causing standard cold-like symptoms and often pain.
2255:
Baltimore RS (February 2010). "Re-evaluation of antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis".
1941:
1842:
Baltimore RS (February 2010). "Re-evaluation of antibiotic treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis".
3334:
3162:
3147:
3140:
3045:
3006:
2953:
2931:
2889:
2817:
2618:
2496:
1048:
668:
632:
559:
526:
3313:
283:. Symptoms usually last 3–5 days, but can be longer depending on cause. Complications can include
3921:
3462:
3104:
3020:
2895:
1925:
Centor RM (1 December 2009). "Expand the pharyngitis paradigm for adolescents and young adults".
357:
214:
149:
4008:
3588:
3441:
3402:
3317:
3270:
2969:
2812:
1936:
753:
638:
626:
563:
201:
2658:
2574:
2570:
1311:
1219:
2850:
2822:
2140:
1950:
1615:
1121:
1083:
798:
773:, which has been largely eradicated in developed nations since the introduction of childhood
749:
674:
662:
621:
1584:
3784:
3467:
3419:
3407:
3221:
3179:
2778:
2347:
949:
794:
644:
577:
3079:
8:
3735:
3702:
3448:
3397:
3025:
2845:
2712:
2603:
2348:"LIDOCAINE VISCOUS (Xylocaine Viscous) side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions"
969:
915:
608:
507:
439:
307:
2233:
2218:
Del Mar C (1992). "Managing sore throat: a literature review. I. Making the diagnosis".
1772:
1022:) may be useful for severe pharyngitis. Their general use, however, is poorly supported.
3876:
3593:
3458:
3414:
3246:
3167:
3094:
2964:
2475:
2426:
2393:
2324:
2299:
2280:
2195:
2168:
2026:
1962:
1867:
1753:
1530:
1497:
1470:
1445:
1284:
1259:
650:
543:
enlargement is modest and the throat often does not appear red, although it is painful.
447:
400:
288:
158:
125:
2612:
2059:
3715:
2959:
2788:
2749:
2681:
2629:
2467:
2431:
2413:
2374:
2329:
2300:"Corticosteroids for pain relief in sore throat: systematic review and meta-analysis"
2272:
2237:
2200:
2063:
2018:
1966:
1954:
1903:
1859:
1824:
1757:
1745:
1688:
1621:
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1563:
1535:
1517:
1475:
1361:
1351:
1317:
1289:
1225:
1197:
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1082:
is often suggested, but there is no evidence to support or discourage this practice.
184:
113:
2669:
2608:
2479:
2284:
1871:
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3929:
3891:
3658:
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3515:
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2421:
2409:
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2319:
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2229:
2190:
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2010:
1946:
1851:
1816:
1737:
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1513:
1509:
1465:
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1279:
1271:
828:
823:
571:
548:
67:
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3632:
3520:
3471:
3392:
3308:
3116:
2623:
2537:
2268:
1855:
973:
935:
785:. Antibiotics are effective in the early stages, but recovery is generally slow.
745:
728:
477:
443:
391:
299:
177:
1820:
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3618:
3280:
3191:
3111:
2921:
2916:
2634:
2046:
1927:
985:
782:
720:
620:
A number of different bacteria can infect the human throat. The most common is
2593:
2014:
1891:
1684:
1461:
1275:
3997:
3934:
3710:
3424:
3135:
2417:
2044:
Bansal A, Miskoff J, Lis RJ (January 2003). "Otolaryngologic critical care".
1749:
1521:
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1019:
1009:
848:
361:
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3944:
3823:
3647:
3600:
2985:
2937:
2806:
2471:
2435:
2392:
Spinks, Anneliese; Glasziou, Paul P.; Del Mar, Chris B. (9 December 2021).
2378:
2333:
2298:
Hayward G, Thompson M, Heneghan C, Perera R, Del Mar C, Glasziou P (2009).
2276:
2204:
2067:
2022:
1958:
1907:
1863:
1828:
1807:
1692:
1539:
1479:
1424:"Acute pharyngitis - Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice"
1344:
Neville, Brad W.; Damm, Douglas D.; Allen, Carl M.; Chi, Angela C. (2016).
1293:
1201:
1056:
806:
495:
349:
303:
280:
244:
206:
142:
2241:
1217:
3906:
3833:
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3692:
3675:
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3429:
3377:
3344:
3216:
2945:
2840:
2795:
2730:
2653:
2500:
2185:
1095:
1005:
844:
840:
778:
774:
724:
716:
600:
592:
581:
461:
451:
387:
374:, can be used to help with the pain. Numbing medication, such as topical
353:
341:
333:
256:
210:
194:
130:
2553:
1671:
Rafei K, Lichenstein R (2006). "Airway
Infectious Disease Emergencies".
1562:(7th ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Mosby/Elsevier. Chapter 30.
767:
is a potentially life-threatening upper respiratory infection caused by
3896:
3838:
3665:
3265:
3251:
3226:
3201:
3196:
3130:
3001:
2977:
2926:
2800:
2765:
2740:
1079:
1044:
1032:
997:
764:
596:
540:
536:
383:
379:
312:
276:
264:
20:
2463:
2315:
1741:
1725:
1060:
539:
is the most common of the viral causes. Typically, the degree of neck
418:
3959:
3954:
3740:
3372:
3241:
3236:
3206:
2757:
2664:
1026:
567:
553:
522:
430:. It may be classified as acute or chronic. Acute pharyngitis may be
375:
371:
325:
284:
224:
154:
2365:
Kocher, JJ; Selby, TD (1 July 2014). "Antibiotics for sore throat".
3911:
3871:
3755:
3640:
3040:
2773:
1498:"Corticosteroids as standalone or add-on treatment for sore throat"
1450:
European
Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
464:
is a subtype of pharyngitis. If the inflammation includes both the
435:
272:
1444:
Principi, N; Bianchini, S; Baggi, E; Esposito, S (February 2013).
450:
of the affected individual. Chronic pharyngitis may be catarrhal,
3886:
3881:
3861:
3848:
2993:
2869:
2394:"Antibiotics for treatment of sore throat in children and adults"
1052:
1015:
923:
587:
455:
431:
252:
570:
tonsillitis with marked redness and swelling of the throat. The
518:
3901:
3090:
2903:
2832:
2584:
2565:
1495:
1040:
1001:
960:
Age less than 15 (a point is subtracted if age is more than 44)
465:
367:
248:
3776:
1443:
73:
46:
3939:
3866:
3856:
3815:
2911:
2297:
1218:
David A.Warrell; Timothy M. Cox; John D. Firth, eds. (2012).
793:
A few other causes are rare, but possibly fatal, and include
712:
321:
317:
268:
260:
138:
134:
699:
2860:
2448:
1614:
Hegner, Barbara; Acello, Barbara; Caldwell, Esther (2009).
1039:
Oral analgesic solutions, the active ingredient is usually
88:
1560:
Rosen's emergency medicine: concepts and clinical practice
976:
are rare, except if they have a sibling with the disease.
85:
1187:
1123:
Community
Pharmacy ANZ: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
707:
Streptococcal pharyngitis or strep throat is caused by a
510:
acquired from close contact with an infected individual.
94:
76:
1063:
are two examples of brands of these kinds of analgesics.
566:. This may cause significant lymph-node swelling and an
378:, may also help. Strep throat is typically treated with
2166:
2711:
1892:"Diagnosis and treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis"
1617:
Nursing
Assistant: A Nursing Process Approach – Basics
1350:(4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. p. 166.
2391:
1224:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 280–281.
97:
79:
70:
2543:
2527:
1613:
843:. Some medications may produce pharyngitis, such as
91:
1343:
426:Pharyngitis is a type of inflammation caused by an
82:
2080:
1416:
1369:
954:Temperature more than 38.0 °C (100.4 °F)
727:are useful to both prevent complications (such as
3995:
2087:Harvard Health Publishing Harvard Medical School
2043:
1670:
1094:Acute pharyngitis is the most common cause of a
468:and other parts of the throat, it may be called
1074:Alternative treatments used for the common cold
54:Viral pharyngitis resulting in visible redness.
1805:Bisno AL (January 2001). "Acute pharyngitis".
1029:relieves pain by numbing the mucous membranes.
3792:
2697:
1120:Rutter, Paul Professor; Newby, David (2015).
941:One point is given for each of the criteria:
2254:
1998:
1841:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1439:
1437:
744:is a normal inhabitant of the oropharyngeal
734:
688:
2398:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2364:
2211:
2162:
2160:
2158:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1800:
1798:
1502:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1305:
1303:
1119:
3799:
3785:
2704:
2690:
1723:
45:
3304:Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
2425:
2323:
2217:
2194:
2184:
2141:"Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition"
1940:
1924:
1546:
1529:
1469:
1434:
1283:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1245:
1213:
1211:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1115:
1113:
1111:
2155:
1951:10.7326/0003-4819-151-11-200912010-00011
1889:
1878:
1835:
1804:
1795:
1316:. Oxford University Press. p. 674.
1300:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1126:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 19.
922:
817:Some cases of pharyngitis are caused by
698:
517:
417:
3328:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
2491:
2489:
1664:
1589:. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 5.
1582:
1313:Oxford Textbook of Primary Medical Care
777:programs, but is still reported in the
3996:
2507:from the original on 29 September 2007
2263:(Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 22 (1)): 77–82.
1764:
1713:from the original on 17 November 2015.
1634:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1603:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1242:
1208:
1140:from the original on 8 September 2017.
1108:
16:Inflammation of the back of the throat
3780:
2685:
1914:from the original on 8 February 2015.
1770:
1491:
1489:
1309:
1257:
1238:from the original on 10 October 2016.
1221:Oxford textbook of medicine infection
1144:
966:Infectious Disease Society of America
752:. In one out of 400 untreated cases,
562:("glandular fever") is caused by the
234:~7.5% of people in any 3-month period
2486:
1557:
709:group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus
3761:Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis
2234:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb121422.x
13:
3350:Vaping-associated pulmonary injury
2713:Diseases of the respiratory system
2354:from the original on 8 April 2010.
1987:from the original on 27 June 2009.
1783:from the original on 17 March 2010
1673:Pediatric Clinics of North America
1652:from the original on 25 March 2016
1486:
781:and increasingly in some areas in
14:
4040:
2523:
2121:from the original on 14 June 2010
574:can be used if this is suspected.
428:upper respiratory tract infection
413:
293:upper respiratory tract infection
275:, difficulty swallowing, swollen
4019:Gastrointestinal tract disorders
4014:Upper respiratory tract diseases
2530:
1620:. Cengage Learning. p. 45.
1404:from the original on 20 May 2016
1347:Oral and maxillofacial pathology
882:No antibiotic or culture needed
834:
406:meaning "throat" and the suffix
66:
3806:
2442:
2385:
2358:
2340:
2291:
2248:
2133:
2101:
2074:
2037:
1992:
1973:
1918:
1717:
1699:
1638:
1607:
1576:
1089:
893:Antibiotic based on culture or
476:. Another subclassification is
330:gastroesophageal reflux disease
263:. Other symptoms may include a
3766:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
2410:10.1002/14651858.CD000023.pub5
2114:. Boehringer Ingelheim. 2009.
1514:10.1002/14651858.CD008268.pub3
1386:
1337:
1067:
991:
748:and can occasionally create a
1:
3340:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
2257:Current Opinion in Pediatrics
2060:10.1016/S0749-0704(02)00062-3
1724:Broadwater, Kimberly (2021).
1101:
979:
957:Tonsillar exudate or swelling
803:submandibular space infection
759:
525:pharyngitis in a person with
168:3–10 days, depending on cause
3323:Respiratory hypersensitivity
3261:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
2269:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833502e7
2221:Medical Journal of Australia
2173:Clinical Infectious Diseases
1856:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833502e7
1398:National Library of Medicine
895:rapid antigen detection test
854:
615:
338:rapid antigen detection test
255:. It typically results in a
191:rapid antigen detection test
7:
3232:Coalworker's pneumoconiosis
2089:. Harvard Health Publishing
2083:"Sore Throat (Pharyngitis)"
1821:10.1056/NEJM200101183440308
1190:Emergency Medicine Practice
1006:acetaminophen (paracetamol)
770:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
657:Corynebacterium diphtheriae
605:respiratory syncytial virus
298:Most cases are caused by a
291:. Pharyngitis is a type of
10:
4045:
3085:Acute exacerbation of COPD
1071:
692:
18:
3973:
3920:
3847:
3814:
3728:
3701:
3631:
3617:
3571:
3529:
3508:
3482:
3385:
3371:
3362:
3291:
3176:
3156:
3039:
3019:
2859:
2739:
2719:
2644:
2547:
2367:American Family Physician
2015:10.1007/s00408-009-9153-7
1726:"Clergyman's Sore Throat"
1685:10.1016/j.pcl.2005.10.001
1462:10.1007/s10096-012-1747-y
1276:10.1016/j.pop.2013.10.010
1043:, but also less commonly
892:
812:
788:
741:Fusobacterium necrophorum
735:Fusobacterium necrophorum
695:Streptococcal pharyngitis
689:Streptococcal pharyngitis
682:Fusobacterium necrophorum
506:Most cases are due to an
230:
220:
200:
183:
172:
164:
148:
124:
112:
58:
53:
44:
36:
31:
3148:Diffuse panbronchiolitis
3141:Bronchiolitis obliterans
3007:Laryngotracheal stenosis
2954:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2932:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2890:Laryngopharyngeal reflux
2818:Nasal septum perforation
2497:"Sore throat: Self-care"
2109:"Mirapex product insert"
2081:Harvard Medical School.
1049:cetylpyridinium chloride
669:Chlamydophila pneumoniae
633:Streptococcus pneumoniae
560:Infectious mononucleosis
527:infectious mononucleosis
513:
501:
410:meaning "inflammation".
390:. It is unclear whether
19:Not to be confused with
2896:Retropharyngeal abscess
1989:(registration required)
1890:Choby BA (March 2009).
1258:Weber, R (March 2014).
805:(Ludwig's angina), and
484:Clergyman's sore throat
358:retropharyngeal abscess
215:retropharyngeal abscess
3589:Pulmonary hypertension
3318:Eosinophilic pneumonia
2970:Vocal cord dysfunction
2813:Nasal septum deviation
1583:Beachey, Will (2013).
1196:(9): 1–16, quiz 16–7.
928:
860:Modified Centor score
731:) and speed recovery.
704:
703:A case of strep throat
639:Haemophilus influenzae
630:), but others include
627:Streptococcus pyogenes
529:
423:
202:Differential diagnosis
3716:Mediastinal emphysema
3495:Healthcare-associated
3425:Legionnaires' disease
2851:Peritonsillar abscess
2823:Nasal septal hematoma
1310:Jones, Roger (2004).
1084:Alternative medicines
926:
799:peritonsillar abscess
750:peritonsillar abscess
702:
675:Mycoplasma pneumoniae
663:Neisseria gonorrhoeae
622:group A streptococcus
521:
421:
3463:Mendelson's syndrome
3335:Hamman–Rich syndrome
1428:bestpractice.bmj.com
950:cervical lymph nodes
868:Probability of Strep
801:("quinsy abscess"),
795:parapharyngeal space
645:Bordetella pertussis
578:Herpes simplex virus
492:dysphonia clericorum
320:, irritants such as
4029:Otorhinolaryngology
4004:Infectious diseases
3736:Respiratory failure
3703:Mediastinal disease
3271:Bird fancier's lung
2846:Adenoid hypertrophy
1844:Curr. Opin. Pediatr
1558:Marx, John (2010).
970:empirical treatment
968:recommends against
948:Swollen and tender
916:Empiric antibiotics
861:
754:Lemierre's syndrome
609:parainfluenza virus
580:can cause multiple
508:infectious organism
480:(the common cold).
474:tonsillopharyngitis
470:pharyngotonsillitis
442:, depending on the
360:, and occasionally
308:bacterial infection
247:of the back of the
189:Based on symptoms,
3641:Pleuritis/pleurisy
3594:Pulmonary embolism
3490:Community-acquired
3415:Atypical bacterial
3314:Löffler's syndrome
3095:Status asthmaticus
3080:Chronic bronchitis
2965:Vocal fold paresis
2779:Vasomotor rhinitis
2645:External resources
2186:10.1093/cid/cis629
1730:Journal of Singing
1374:on 28 October 2021
945:Absence of a cough
929:
859:
705:
651:Bacillus anthracis
564:Epstein–Barr virus
530:
488:clergyman's throat
424:
289:acute otitis media
159:acute otitis media
119:Infectious disease
3989:
3988:
3774:
3773:
3724:
3723:
3681:Empyema/pyothorax
3613:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3567:
3566:
3500:Hospital-acquired
3358:
3357:
3222:Caplan's syndrome
3015:
3014:
2960:Vocal fold nodule
2784:Atrophic rhinitis
2679:
2678:
2464:10.1111/apa.12364
2316:10.1136/bmj.b2976
1742:10.53830/CNLB1302
1707:"www.nlm.nih.gov"
1569:978-0-323-05472-0
921:
920:
382:, such as either
238:
237:
185:Diagnostic method
40:Acute sore throat
26:Medical condition
4036:
3930:Acute bronchitis
3892:Nasal congestion
3877:Loss of appetite
3801:
3794:
3787:
3778:
3777:
3659:Pleural effusion
3652:Hemopneumothorax
3629:
3628:
3383:
3382:
3369:
3368:
3212:Bauxite fibrosis
3177:External agents/
3174:
3173:
3105:Exercise-induced
3061:Acute bronchitis
3037:
3036:
2737:
2736:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2493:
2484:
2483:
2452:Acta Paediatrica
2446:
2440:
2439:
2429:
2404:(12): CD000023.
2389:
2383:
2382:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2327:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2164:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2143:. Elsevier. 2009
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2041:
2035:
2034:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1944:
1922:
1916:
1915:
1896:Am Fam Physician
1887:
1876:
1875:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1642:
1636:
1635:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1555:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1473:
1441:
1432:
1431:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1373:
1368:. Archived from
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1255:
1240:
1239:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1185:
1142:
1141:
1117:
862:
858:
824:Candida albicans
819:fungal infection
572:heterophile test
549:Orthomyxoviridae
344:is recommended.
104:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
49:
29:
28:
4044:
4043:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4033:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3985:
3981:Antiviral drugs
3969:
3916:
3843:
3810:
3805:
3775:
3770:
3720:
3697:
3633:Pleural disease
3622:
3605:
3563:
3525:
3509:By distribution
3504:
3483:By vector/route
3478:
3376:
3364:
3354:
3309:Pulmonary edema
3287:
3182:
3178:
3165:
3161:
3152:
3117:Cystic fibrosis
3044:
3028:
3024:
3011:
2855:
2729:
2723:
2715:
2710:
2680:
2675:
2674:
2640:
2639:
2556:
2538:Medicine portal
2536:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2495:
2494:
2487:
2458:(11): 1075–80.
2447:
2443:
2390:
2386:
2363:
2359:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2296:
2292:
2253:
2249:
2216:
2212:
2179:(10): e86–102.
2165:
2156:
2146:
2144:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2079:
2075:
2042:
2038:
1997:
1993:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1942:10.1.1.669.7473
1923:
1919:
1888:
1879:
1840:
1836:
1803:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1769:
1765:
1722:
1718:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1669:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1628:
1612:
1608:
1597:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1556:
1547:
1508:(5): CD008268.
1494:
1487:
1442:
1435:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1377:
1375:
1358:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1308:
1301:
1256:
1243:
1232:
1216:
1209:
1186:
1145:
1134:
1118:
1109:
1104:
1092:
1076:
1070:
998:Pain medication
994:
982:
974:rheumatic fever
936:Centor criteria
857:
837:
815:
791:
762:
737:
729:rheumatic fever
697:
691:
618:
516:
504:
478:nasopharyngitis
448:immune capacity
444:causative agent
422:A normal throat
416:
336:. Otherwise, a
300:viral infection
251:, known as the
178:viral infection
108:
69:
65:
27:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4042:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3977:
3975:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3926:
3924:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3851:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3820:
3818:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3781:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3713:
3707:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3661:
3655:
3654:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3635:
3626:
3619:Pleural cavity
3615:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3581:
3575:
3573:
3569:
3568:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3512:
3510:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3479:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3465:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3405:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3380:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3320:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3289:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3283:
3281:Lycoperdonosis
3278:
3273:
3268:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3192:Pneumoconiosis
3188:
3186:
3171:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3150:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3133:
3128:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3114:
3112:Bronchiectasis
3109:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3088:
3082:
3072:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3034:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2997:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2981:
2973:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2951:
2949:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2924:
2922:Laryngeal cyst
2919:
2917:Laryngomalacia
2914:
2909:
2907:
2899:
2898:
2893:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2836:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2753:
2745:
2743:
2734:
2717:
2716:
2709:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2661:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2626:
2615:
2596:
2577:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:Classification
2542:
2541:
2525:
2524:External links
2522:
2519:
2518:
2485:
2441:
2384:
2357:
2339:
2290:
2247:
2210:
2154:
2132:
2100:
2073:
2047:Crit Care Clin
2036:
1991:
1981:"UpToDate Inc"
1972:
1928:Ann Intern Med
1917:
1877:
1834:
1794:
1763:
1736:(1): 113–117.
1716:
1698:
1679:(2): 215–242.
1663:
1637:
1626:
1606:
1596:978-0323078665
1595:
1575:
1568:
1545:
1485:
1433:
1415:
1385:
1356:
1336:
1322:
1299:
1241:
1230:
1207:
1143:
1132:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1091:
1088:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1064:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1013:
993:
990:
986:herpes simplex
981:
978:
962:
961:
958:
955:
952:
946:
919:
918:
913:
910:
906:
905:
902:
898:
897:
891:
888:
884:
883:
880:
877:
873:
872:
869:
866:
856:
853:
849:antipsychotics
836:
833:
814:
811:
790:
787:
783:Eastern Europe
761:
758:
736:
733:
721:throat culture
693:Main article:
690:
687:
617:
614:
613:
612:
590:
585:
575:
557:
544:
515:
512:
503:
500:
415:
414:Classification
412:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
222:
218:
217:
204:
198:
197:
187:
181:
180:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
152:
146:
145:
137:, runny nose,
128:
122:
121:
116:
110:
109:
107:
106:
62:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
42:
41:
38:
34:
33:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4041:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4009:Inflammations
4007:
4005:
4002:
4001:
3999:
3992:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3935:Bronchiolitis
3933:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3923:
3922:Complications
3919:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3790:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3779:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3731:
3729:Other/general
3727:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:Mediastinitis
3709:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3481:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3454:noninfectious
3452:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3439:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3374:
3370:
3367:
3363:Obstructive /
3361:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3276:Farmer's lung
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3185:
3181:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3155:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3136:Bronchiolitis
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3018:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2718:
2714:
2707:
2702:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2671:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2616:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2528:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2490:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2388:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2361:
2353:
2349:
2343:
2335:
2331:
2326:
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1810:
1809:
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1773:"Pharyngitis"
1767:
1759:
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1647:
1646:"Tonsillitis"
1641:
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1627:9781111780500
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1463:
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1456:(2): 151–60.
1455:
1451:
1447:
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1438:
1429:
1425:
1419:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:"Pharyngitis"
1389:
1372:
1367:
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1359:
1357:9781455770526
1353:
1349:
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1325:
1323:9780198567820
1319:
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1306:
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1261:
1260:"Pharyngitis"
1254:
1252:
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1233:
1231:9780191631733
1227:
1223:
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1020:dexamethasone
1017:
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1010:Reye syndrome
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867:
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842:
835:Noninfectious
832:
830:
826:
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796:
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771:
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550:
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538:
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534:
533:
528:
524:
520:
511:
509:
499:
498:sore throat.
497:
493:
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467:
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396:
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389:
385:
381:
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365:
363:
362:heart disease
359:
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151:
150:Complications
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
129:
127:
123:
120:
117:
115:
111:
102:
64:
63:
61:
59:Pronunciation
57:
52:
48:
43:
39:
35:
30:
22:
3991:
3965:Strep throat
3949:
3945:Otitis media
3887:Muscle aches
3648:Pneumothorax
3601:Lung abscess
3583:
3453:
3442:Pneumocystis
3403:Pneumococcal
3184:lung disease
3180:occupational
3158:Interstitial
3123:
3067:
3053:
3026:lung disease
2992:
2986:Epiglottitis
2976:
2944:
2938:Laryngospasm
2902:
2883:Strep throat
2877:
2868:
2831:
2807:nasal septum
2805:
2764:
2748:
2663:
2652:
2628:
2617:
2598:
2579:
2560:
2511:17 September
2509:. Retrieved
2455:
2451:
2444:
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2387:
2370:
2366:
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2307:
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2250:
2228:(8): 572–5.
2225:
2219:
2213:
2176:
2172:
2145:. Retrieved
2135:
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2103:
2091:. Retrieved
2086:
2076:
2054:(1): 55–72.
2051:
2045:
2039:
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1926:
1920:
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1850:(1): 77–82.
1847:
1843:
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1812:
1808:N Engl J Med
1806:
1785:. Retrieved
1776:
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1729:
1719:
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1666:
1654:. Retrieved
1640:
1616:
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1559:
1505:
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1449:
1427:
1418:
1406:. Retrieved
1397:
1388:
1376:. Retrieved
1371:the original
1346:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1312:
1267:
1264:Primary Care
1263:
1220:
1193:
1189:
1122:
1093:
1090:Epidemiology
1077:
1057:Chloraseptic
988:infections.
983:
963:
940:
933:
930:
838:
822:
816:
807:epiglottitis
797:infections:
792:
768:
763:
739:
738:
706:
680:
673:
667:
661:
655:
649:
643:
637:
631:
625:
619:
582:mouth ulcers
552:which cause
547:
531:
505:
496:folliculitis
491:
487:
483:
482:
473:
469:
460:
452:hypertrophic
425:
407:
403:
397:
366:
350:epiglottitis
311:
304:Strep throat
297:
281:hoarse voice
245:inflammation
240:
239:
207:Epiglottitis
143:hoarse voice
141:, headache,
3950:Pharyngitis
3907:Sore throat
3834:Enterovirus
3829:Coronavirus
3808:Common cold
3746:Common cold
3693:Fibrothorax
3676:Chylothorax
3671:Hydrothorax
3624:mediastinum
3584:circulatory
3579:Atelectasis
3386:By pathogen
3378:pneumonitis
3365:Restrictive
3345:Sarcoidosis
3217:Berylliosis
3163:restrictive
3124:unspecified
3046:obstructive
3029:(including
2946:vocal cords
2878:Pharyngitis
2841:Tonsillitis
2796:Nasal polyp
2731:common cold
2724:(including
2654:MedlinePlus
2501:Mayo Clinic
2373:(1): 23–4.
1771:Acerra JR.
1270:(1): 91–8.
1096:sore throat
1068:Alternative
1033:Antibiotics
992:Medications
927:Throat swab
871:Management
845:pramipexole
841:acid reflux
829:oral thrush
779:Third World
775:vaccination
725:Antibiotics
717:sore throat
601:coronavirus
593:Common cold
546:The family
494:or chronic
462:Tonsillitis
388:amoxicillin
380:antibiotics
354:thyroiditis
342:throat swab
277:lymph nodes
257:sore throat
241:Pharyngitis
211:thyroiditis
195:throat swab
131:Sore throat
37:Other names
32:Pharyngitis
3998:Categories
3897:Rhinorrhea
3839:Rhinovirus
3824:Adenovirus
3666:Hemothorax
3468:Aspiration
3430:Chlamydiae
3420:Mycoplasma
3408:Klebsiella
3266:Bagassosis
3252:Byssinosis
3227:Chalicosis
3202:Asbestosis
3197:Aluminosis
3131:Bronchitis
3002:Tracheitis
2978:epiglottis
2927:Laryngitis
2801:Rhinorrhea
2630:DiseasesDB
2093:3 December
1102:References
1080:salt water
1072:See also:
1045:benzocaine
1000:, such as
980:Management
827:, causing
821:, such as
765:Diphtheria
760:Diphtheria
597:rhinovirus
541:lymph node
537:Adenovirus
440:ulcerative
401:Greek word
384:penicillin
370:, such as
313:gonococcus
265:runny nose
21:laryngitis
3960:Sinusitis
3955:Pneumonia
3741:Influenza
3686:Malignant
3449:Parasitic
3398:Bacterial
3373:Pneumonia
3242:Silicosis
3237:Siderosis
3207:Baritosis
3041:Bronchial
2789:Hay fever
2758:Sinusitis
2670:emerg/419
2665:eMedicine
2418:1469-493X
2310:: b2976.
1967:207535809
1937:CiteSeerX
1777:eMedicine
1758:239663449
1750:2769-4046
1522:1469-493X
1366:908336985
1078:Gargling
1051:, and/or
1036:detected.
1027:lidocaine
1018:(such as
876:1 or less
855:Diagnosis
616:Bacterial
568:exudative
554:influenza
523:Exudative
432:catarrhal
376:lidocaine
372:ibuprofen
326:allergies
285:sinusitis
231:Frequency
225:lidocaine
221:Treatment
155:Sinusitis
114:Specialty
3912:Weakness
3902:Sneezing
3872:Headache
3849:Symptoms
3756:COVID-19
3549:BOOP-COP
3516:Broncho-
3459:Chemical
3247:Talcosis
3168:fibrosis
3021:Lower RT
2774:Rhinitis
2721:Upper RT
2505:Archived
2480:24465793
2472:23879261
2436:34881426
2379:25077497
2352:Archived
2334:19661138
2285:13141765
2277:19996970
2205:22965026
2116:Archived
2068:12688577
2023:19653038
1985:Archived
1959:19949147
1912:Archived
1908:19275067
1872:13141765
1864:19996970
1829:11172144
1787:28 April
1781:Archived
1711:Archived
1693:16574523
1656:4 August
1650:Archived
1632:Archived
1601:Archived
1540:32356360
1480:22993127
1408:4 August
1402:Archived
1378:17 March
1329:4 August
1294:24439883
1236:Archived
1202:26276908
1138:Archived
1025:Viscous
1016:Steroids
756:occurs.
456:atrophic
446:and the
436:purulent
392:steroids
279:, and a
273:headache
176:Usually
165:Duration
126:Symptoms
4024:Pharynx
3882:Malaise
3862:Fatigue
3816:Viruses
3068:chronic
2994:trachea
2870:pharynx
2750:sinuses
2624:D010612
2427:8655103
2325:2722696
2242:1565052
2196:7108032
2147:30 June
2125:30 June
2031:9009912
1531:7193118
1471:7087613
1285:7119355
1061:Cepacol
1053:menthol
904:28–35%
879:<10%
588:Measles
466:tonsils
404:pharynx
253:pharynx
3437:Fungal
3091:Asthma
2904:larynx
2833:tonsil
2659:000655
2575:CA09.2
2478:
2470:
2434:
2424:
2416:
2377:
2332:
2322:
2283:
2275:
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2029:
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1957:
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1870:
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1520:
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1468:
1364:
1354:
1320:
1292:
1282:
1228:
1200:
1130:
1041:phenol
1002:NSAIDs
909:4 or 5
890:11–17%
865:Points
813:Fungal
789:Others
607:, and
368:NSAIDs
328:, and
249:throat
173:Causes
105:
3974:Drugs
3940:Croup
3867:Fever
3857:Cough
3572:Other
3521:Lobar
3472:Lipid
3393:Viral
3292:Other
3054:acute
3031:LRTIs
2956:(LPR)
2934:(LPR)
2912:Croup
2892:(LPR)
2726:URTIs
2635:24580
2613:472.1
2594:J31.2
2476:S2CID
2281:S2CID
2119:(PDF)
2112:(PDF)
2027:S2CID
1963:S2CID
1868:S2CID
1754:S2CID
746:flora
713:fever
514:Viral
502:Cause
454:, or
438:, or
408:-itis
322:smoke
318:fungi
269:cough
261:fever
139:cough
135:fever
3751:SARS
3554:NSIP
3299:ARDS
3100:AERD
3075:COPD
2861:Neck
2766:nose
2741:Head
2619:MeSH
2604:9-CM
2571:CA02
2513:2007
2468:PMID
2432:PMID
2414:ISSN
2402:2021
2375:PMID
2330:PMID
2273:PMID
2238:PMID
2201:PMID
2149:2010
2127:2010
2095:2019
2064:PMID
2019:PMID
2002:Lung
1955:PMID
1904:PMID
1860:PMID
1825:PMID
1789:2010
1746:ISSN
1689:PMID
1658:2016
1622:ISBN
1591:ISBN
1564:ISBN
1536:PMID
1518:ISSN
1506:2020
1476:PMID
1410:2016
1380:2020
1362:OCLC
1352:ISBN
1331:2016
1318:ISBN
1290:PMID
1226:ISBN
1198:PMID
1128:ISBN
1059:and
1004:and
964:The
847:and
679:and
334:cold
306:, a
287:and
259:and
3544:DIP
3539:UIP
3531:IIP
2609:462
2600:ICD
2590:J02
2581:ICD
2562:ICD
2460:doi
2456:102
2422:PMC
2406:doi
2320:PMC
2312:doi
2308:339
2304:BMJ
2265:doi
2230:doi
2226:156
2191:PMC
2181:doi
2056:doi
2011:doi
2007:187
1947:doi
1933:151
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1817:doi
1813:344
1738:doi
1681:doi
1526:PMC
1510:doi
1466:PMC
1458:doi
1280:PMC
1272:doi
912:52%
486:or
472:or
386:or
346:PCR
340:or
243:is
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