372:
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89:
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27:
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requirement for professional photographer status, operating a business requires having a business license in most cities and counties. Similarly, having commercial insurance is required by most venues if photographing a wedding or a public event. Photographers who operate a legitimate business can provide these items.
448:
and others. Since the turn of the 21st century many online stock photography catalogues have appeared that invite photographers to sell their photos online easily and quickly, but often for very little money, without a royalty, and without control over the use of the photo, the market it will be used
412:
use of the photograph (i.e. only that company may use the photograph during the term). The contract can also stipulate that the photographer is entitled to audit the company for determination of royalty payments. Royalties vary depending on the industry buying the photograph and the use, for example,
395:
that represents the photographer. A photographer uses a contract to sell the "license" or use of their photograph with exact controls regarding how often the photograph will be used, in what territory it will be used (for example U.S. or U.K. or other), and exactly for which products. This is usually
70:
436:
often stipulate by contract that they retain the copyright of their photos, so that only they can sell further prints of the photographs to the consumer, rather than the customer reproducing the photos by other means. If the customer wishes to be able to reproduce the photos themselves, they may
163:
The term professional may also imply preparation, for example, by academic study or apprenticeship by the photographer in pursuit of photographic skills. A hallmark of a professional is often that they invest in continuing education through associations. While there is no compulsory registration
452:
Commercial photographers may also promote their work to advertising and editorial art buyers via printed and online marketing vehicles. In today's digital age, social media has become an increasingly popular tool for commercial photographers to showcase their work and build their professional
313:
449:
in, the products it will be used on, time duration, etc. These online stock photography catalogues have drastically changed the landscape of the industry, presenting both opportunities and challenges for photographers seeking to earn a living through their craft.
400:
and is used to distinguish from production fees (payment for the actual creation of a photograph or photographs). An additional contract and royalty would apply for each additional use of the photograph.
437:
discuss an alternative contract with the photographer in advance before the pictures are taken, in which a larger upfront fee may be paid in exchange for reprint rights passing to the customer.
371:
404:
The contract may be for only one year, or other duration. The photographer usually charges a royalty as well as a one-time fee, depending on the terms of the contract. The contract may be for
259:
465:
websites and other websites, in order to share them with a particular group or with the general public. Those interested in legal precision may explicitly release them to the
387:. Countless industries purchase photographs for use in publications and on products. The photographs seen on magazine covers, in television advertising, on
2244:
391:
or calendars, on websites, or on products and packages, have generally been purchased for this use, either directly from the photographer or through an
2186:
491:
225:
148:, journalists and scientists, make photographs as part of other work. Photographers who produce moving rather than still pictures are often called
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241:
279:
124:
A professional photographer may be an employee, for example of a newspaper, or may contract to cover a particular planned event such as a
2234:
2181:
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use of the photograph (meaning the photographer can sell the same photograph for more than one use during the same year) or for
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937:
684:
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30:
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royalties for a photograph used on a poster or in television advertising may be higher than for use on a limited run of
2176:
1728:
486:
140:, first making an image and then licensing or making printed copies of it for sale or display. Some workers, such as
110:
takes snapshots for pleasure to remember events, places or friends with no intention of selling the images to others.
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1904:
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2218:
2196:
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96:
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and commercial photography. The type of work commissioned will have pricing associated with the image's usage.
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20:
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for a session and image purchase fee, by salary or through the display, resale or use of those photographs.
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2201:
2211:
1488:
990:
517:
417:. A royalty is also often based on the size at which the photo will be used in a magazine or book, and
1942:
1630:
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826:
477:, are punctilious about licenses and only accept pictures with clear information about permitted use.
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network, allowing them to reach a wider audience and connect with potential clients around the world.
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belonging to the company or publication unless stipulated otherwise by contract. Professional
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1986:
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53:), meaning "drawing, writing", together meaning "drawing with light") is a person who uses a
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88:
8:
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247:
187:
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26:
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2018:
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1503:
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2026:
1996:
1991:
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1205:
1060:
266:
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42:
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usually command higher fees than photos used elsewhere in a book or magazine.
319:
Sanctioned motorsport photographers identified by individually numbered white
182:. Other photographers specialize in subjects unique to photography, including
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2003:
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1608:
1573:
1159:
1132:
1112:
1080:
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1976:
1971:
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1345:
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542:
Pioneer
Photographers of the Far West: A Biographical Dictionary, 1840–1865
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82:
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1961:
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1300:
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324:
141:
129:
58:
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Photographers can be categorized based on the subjects they photograph.
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175:
137:
118:
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1733:
1695:
1657:
1553:
1443:
910:
873:
868:
853:
806:
789:
573:
424:
Photos taken by a photographer while working on assignment are often
384:
171:
95:, the earliest known photographer active in what is the present-day
69:
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1568:
1065:
995:
863:
784:
779:
414:
179:
1793:
942:
888:
170:
Some photographers explore subjects typical of paintings such as
105:
78:
383:
of photographers to copy and use their products is protected by
1340:
757:
707:
642:
270:
54:
662:
2008:
1423:
883:
440:
There are major companies who have maintained catalogues of
569:
The
Essential Student Guide to Professional Photography
73:
An
English photographer in his studio, in the 1850s.
64:
539:Palmquist, Peter E.; Kailbourn, Thomas R. (2000).
538:
492:List of photographs considered the most important
285:Photographing a model. An assistant is holding a
2304:
678:
2235:Conservation and restoration of photographs
1967:Comparison of digital and film photography
685:
671:
2187:Photographs considered the most important
603:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. p. 21.
231:A group photographing retired footballer
370:
87:
68:
25:
375:A U.S. Navy photographer in March 2004.
160:, depending on the commercial context.
2305:
596:
360:
269:) setting up a shot with the aid of a
666:
565:
77:As in other arts, the definitions of
31:2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships
2182:Museums devoted to one photographer
128:or graduation, or to illustrate an
13:
1729:Timeline of photography technology
510:
487:List of most expensive photographs
327:with public spectator area behind.
253:working on an outdoor environment.
14:
2334:
621:
65:Duties and types of photographers
2285:
2275:
2274:
641:
627:
463:photographs to social networking
456:
444:and images for decades, such as
348:
332:
312:
294:
278:
258:
240:
224:
217:
2286:
692:
473:license. Some sites, including
97:West Coast of the United States
49:), meaning "light", and γραφή (
597:Mooney, Carla (12 June 2009).
590:
559:
532:
504:
85:are not entirely categorical.
1:
1779:Painted photography backdrops
1711:Golden triangle (composition)
986:35 mm equivalent focal length
632:The dictionary definition of
545:. Stanford University Press.
497:
93:Epifania de Guadalupe Vallejo
21:Photographer (disambiguation)
566:Scott, Grant (22 May 2015).
16:Person who makes photographs
7:
1489:Intentional camera movement
518:Online Etymology Dictionary
480:
355:Photojournalist in Lucerne.
10:
2339:
2177:Most expensive photographs
1534:Multi-exposure HDR capture
364:
18:
2270:
2227:
2169:
2074:
2017:
1923:
1807:
1719:
1671:
1411:
1178:
978:
700:
461:Many people upload their
115:professional photographer
2111:Digital image processing
600:Online Social Networking
323:on a road-course in the
2219:Photography periodicals
1784:Photography and the law
367:Photography and the law
339:A photographer and his
192:documentary photography
2323:Mass media occupations
2131:Gelatin silver process
1155:Science of photography
1140:Photographic processes
1118:Perspective distortion
376:
134:fine art photographers
100:
74:
34:
1589:Schlieren photography
1128:Photographic printing
1051:Exposure compensation
434:wedding photographers
374:
365:Further information:
91:
72:
29:
1373:Straight photography
1011:Chromatic aberration
650:at Wikimedia Commons
212:aviation photography
19:For other uses, see
2245:photographic plates
1925:Digital photography
1103:Hyperfocal distance
1016:Circle of confusion
361:Selling photographs
341:large format camera
302:Sports photographer
248:Nature photographer
200:wedding photography
196:fashion photography
33:photographer stand.
1744:Autochrome Lumière
1739:Analog photography
1564:Pigeon photography
1353:Social documentary
832:discontinued films
513:"photography (n.)"
377:
188:street photography
184:sports photography
117:is likely to take
101:
75:
35:
2300:
2299:
2096:Collodion process
2032:Chromogenic print
2019:Color photography
1529:Multiple exposure
1504:Lo-fi photography
1031:Color temperature
646:Media related to
552:978-0-8047-3883-5
511:Harper, Douglas.
475:Wikimedia Commons
442:stock photography
233:Franz Beckenbauer
2330:
2289:
2288:
2278:
2277:
2151:Print permanence
2101:Cross processing
2059:CMYK color model
2044:Color management
1997:Foveon X3 sensor
1992:Three-CCD camera
1636:Miniature faking
1594:Sabattier effect
1206:Astrophotography
1061:Zebra patterning
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267:Douglas Osheroff
265:A photographer (
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158:camera operators
150:cinematographers
132:. Others, like
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2156:Push processing
2077:
2070:
2064:RGB color model
2013:
1919:
1803:
1715:
1681:Diagonal method
1667:
1407:
1311:Photojournalism
1174:
1006:Black-and-white
974:
953:Slide projector
948:Movie projector
827:available films
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691:
658:Merriam-Webster
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396:referred to as
381:exclusive right
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306:2019 Pocono 400
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208:photojournalism
204:war photography
144:photographers,
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2015:
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1994:
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1933:Digital camera
1929:
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1759:Camera obscura
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1701:Rule of thirds
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1471:
1469:Harris shutter
1466:
1464:Hand-colouring
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1150:Red-eye effect
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1056:Exposure value
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1043:
1041:Depth of focus
1038:
1036:Depth of field
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623:
622:External links
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576:. p. 37.
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389:greeting cards
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2318:Photographers
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2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2192:Photographers
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2188:
2185:
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2180:
2178:
2175:
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2168:
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2159:
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2109:
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2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:Bleach bypass
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2073:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2054:primary color
2052:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2039:Reversal film
2037:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:Image sharing
2002:
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1905:United States
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2257:Polaroid art
2146:K-14 process
2141:Instant film
2136:Gum printing
2091:C-41 process
2076:Photographic
1977:Image sensor
1972:Film scanner
1626:Sun printing
1559:Print toning
1346:space selfie
1316:Pictorialism
1246:Ethnographic
1226:Conservation
1098:Guide number
1093:Focal length
654:Photographer
635:photographer
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522:. Retrieved
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471:free content
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446:Getty Images
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251:Urmas Tartes
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108:photographer
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39:photographer
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2313:Photography
2262:Stereoscopy
2121:E-6 process
2116:Dye coupler
2049:color space
1962:Digiscoping
1955:camera back
1870:Philippines
1799:Visual arts
1789:Glass plate
1774:Heliography
1673:Composition
1648:Ultraviolet
1604:Stereoscopy
1599:Slow motion
1584:Scanography
1499:Kite aerial
1439:Contre-jour
1331:Post-mortem
1321:Pornography
1301:Neues Sehen
1236:Documentary
1170:Zone System
1145:Reciprocity
1071:Film format
1001:Backscatter
979:Terminology
849:beauty dish
748:rangefinder
713:light-field
694:Photography
469:or under a
325:Isle of Man
180:portraiture
142:crime scene
138:freelancers
119:photographs
59:photographs
2307:Categories
2252:Lomography
2078:processing
2027:Print film
1943:comparison
1910:Uzbekistan
1860:Luxembourg
1820:Bangladesh
1769:Dufaycolor
1749:Box camera
1706:Simplicity
1663:Zoom burst
1658:Xerography
1653:Vignetting
1643:Time-lapse
1631:Tilt–shift
1524:Mordançage
1514:Luminogram
1479:Holography
1474:High-speed
1454:Fill flash
1434:Burst mode
1412:Techniques
1393:Vernacular
1388:Underwater
1383:Toy camera
1363:Still life
1291:Monochrome
1281:High-speed
1231:Cloudscape
1221:Conceptual
1123:Photograph
1108:Lens flare
1088:Film speed
970:Zone plate
916:wide-angle
901:long-focus
498:References
176:still life
2197:Norwegian
2161:Stop bath
2106:Developer
1734:Ambrotype
1696:Lead room
1619:Slit-scan
1554:Photogram
1549:Panoramic
1459:Fireworks
1444:Cyanotype
1286:Landscape
931:telephoto
879:reflector
874:monolight
869:lens hood
854:cucoloris
790:safelight
701:Equipment
574:CRC Press
415:brochures
410:exclusive
398:usage fee
385:copyright
287:reflector
172:landscape
2281:Category
1982:CMOS APS
1880:Slovenia
1808:Regional
1754:Calotype
1691:Headroom
1569:Redscale
1484:Infrared
1429:Brenizer
1403:Wildlife
1326:Portrait
1271:Forensic
1261:Fine-art
1196:Aircraft
1186:Abstract
1066:F-number
1046:Exposure
1021:Clipping
996:Aperture
864:hot shoe
785:enlarger
780:Darkroom
481:See also
430:portrait
57:to make
2292:Outline
2228:Related
1915:Vietnam
1900:Ukraine
1835:Denmark
1815:Albania
1794:Tintype
1721:History
1686:Framing
1579:Rollout
1544:Panning
1494:Kirlian
1398:Wedding
1276:Glamour
1256:Fashion
1241:Eclipse
1211:Banquet
1133:Albumen
943:Monopod
921:fisheye
889:softbox
738:pinhole
728:instant
718:digital
304:during
126:wedding
106:amateur
79:amateur
2290:
2279:
2207:street
2202:Polish
1895:Turkey
1890:Taiwan
1875:Serbia
1865:Norway
1840:Greece
1825:Canada
1419:Afocal
1378:Street
1358:Sports
1341:Selfie
1296:Nature
1251:Erotic
1216:Candid
1191:Aerial
1179:Genres
1081:medium
958:Tripod
926:swivel
839:Filter
817:holder
812:format
708:Camera
607:
580:
549:
524:3 July
393:agency
271:tripod
178:, and
136:, are
55:camera
51:graphê
2212:women
2170:Lists
2126:Fixer
2009:Pixel
1938:D-SLR
1885:Sudan
1855:Korea
1850:Japan
1845:India
1830:China
1614:Strip
1539:Night
1519:Macro
1424:Bokeh
1368:Stock
1336:Ruins
1076:large
906:prime
884:snoot
844:Flash
822:stock
797:Drone
758:still
743:press
733:phone
723:field
343:1985.
45:φῶς (
43:Greek
41:(the
2240:film
1950:MILC
1449:ETTR
1306:Nude
1266:Fire
1165:Sync
963:head
911:zoom
896:Lens
859:gobo
807:base
802:Film
773:view
605:ISBN
578:ISBN
547:ISBN
526:2019
432:and
379:The
321:bibs
81:and
47:phos
1987:CCD
768:toy
763:TLR
753:SLR
156:or
103:An
2309::
656:–
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