696:
27:
686:
531:
or explanation of the proper names of , idols, places, people, &c. or gods and goddesses, strange persons of antiquity, sacrifices and places of sacrifice, old customs, giants, trolls, violent forest lake and mountain robberry, etc., which occur in the older
Finnish troll runes, , , , &c. as
520:
eller förklaring öfver de nomina propria deastrorum, idolorum, locorum, virorum, &c. eller afgudar och afgudinnor, forntidens märkelige personar, offer och offer-ställen, gamla sedvänjor, jätter, trol, skogs- sjö och bergs-rån m.m. Som förekomma i de äldre finska troll-runor, synnyt, sanat,
227:
The foundation of the world pillar, also thought of as the root of the "world tree", was probably located in
Pohjola, somewhere just over the northern horizon from the Finnish mythological perspective. The pillar was thought to rest on the
204:. Its exact nature is unclear, but its churning lid has also been interpreted as a symbol of the celestial vault of the heavens: Embedded with stars, it revolves around a central axis, or the pillar of the world.
521:
sadut, arwotuxet &c. samt än brukas och nämnas i dagligt tal; til deras tjenst, som vela is grund förstå det finska språket, och hafva smak för finska historien och poëin, af gamla runor samlad och uttydd
532:
well as being used and mentioned in everyday speech; to their service, who want to understand the
Finnish language, and have a taste for Finnish history and poetry, collected and interpreted from old runes.
157:, and precisely where areas such as Luotela / Luode ('North-West region'), Pimentola ('region of darkness'), Sariola, and Untamola / Uni ('region of sleep') might be; many other scholars followed his lead.
164:, in Saami culture. Thus Pohjola can be thought of as a purely abstract place, a literary trope standing as the source of evil – a foreboding, horrible, forever cold land in the far north.
930:
160:
However, the idea of an otherworldly far north is a widespread motif in both
Classical and medieval European literature, and has a corresponding concept,
925:
976:
269:
being broken in the course of the struggle over it, and the loss of its all-important lid (which implies shattering the world tree at the north pole).
945:
653:
180:, Pohjola mainly appears as the home of women whom the male heroes, from the land of Kalevala, seek as wives. The Mistress of Pohjola is
784:
779:
224:. When the suitor finally gets the daughter, weddings and great drinking and eating parties are held at the great hall of Pohjola.
352:
has a song entitled "Taistelu
Pohjolasta" ("The Battle for Pohjola"). Two different versions of it appear on their 1999 demo
695:
1190:
675:
683:
315:
685:
481:
338:
1144:
1131:
1095:
149:, went to some lengths to interpret Pohjola as a real place, considering whether its inhabitants might be
1006:
208:
Other
Kalevala characters also seek marriage with the daughters of Pohjola. These include the adventurer
1041:
1185:
1108:
735:
255:
and its abundance hoarded by the witch Louhi inside a great mountain, in the dark reaches of
Pohjola.
553:. editor & translator Ritva Poom (expanded ed.). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
20:
354:
1151:
668:
399:
1158:
1115:
1020:
425:
279:
1073:
1048:
1034:
877:
8:
1101:
1088:
904:
820:
213:
200:
is a magic artefact, possibly a mill of plenty that churns out abundant goods, like the
128:
Yttersta Norden, beskrives såsom en mörk och förfärlig ort. Tartarus & ultima Thule
1078:
661:
91:
26:
1164:
1083:
1027:
867:
404:
394:
381:
82:
50:
909:
725:
640:
568:. FF Communication. Vol. 280. Helsinki: Suomen Tiedakatemia. pp. 155–59.
138:
495:
304:
221:
815:
209:
1126:
872:
740:
87:
1179:
774:
288:
258:
The struggles of the southern people and their raid of
Pohjola to seize the
1121:
1065:
986:
142:
971:
846:
150:
94:. It is one of the two main polarities in the Finnish national epic, the
1137:
1013:
981:
449:
364:
349:
345:
335:
319:
233:
201:
805:
647:. Translated by Friberg, Eino (5th ed.). Keuruu, Finland: Otava.
323:
295:
284:
192:
at her demand as a payment for the hand of her daughter in marriage.
185:
894:
887:
882:
810:
752:
745:
720:
690:
611:. London, GB: Viking Society for Northern Research. pp. 19–20.
476:
331:
240:
117:
96:
133:
961:
940:
789:
715:
453:
247:, kept in Pohjola. The major episodes in the Pojola series are:
767:
729:
622:
298:
used the frozen land of
Pohjola as inspiration for the albums
966:
851:
841:
836:
757:
566:
Mythic Images and
Shamanism: A perspective on Kalevala poetry
266:
259:
252:
244:
217:
197:
189:
181:
154:
121:
899:
762:
710:
327:
216:. Louhi demands from them deeds similar to the forging of
103:
544:
542:
540:
116:'the most extreme North ... a dark and terrible place.
537:
597:Pentikäinen & Poom (1999) who cite Lid (1949).
141:, one of the principal collectors of Finnish folk
1177:
167:
134:Attempts to treat Pohjola as a non-mythic place
60:'base, bottom', but used in derived forms like
480:: Rune XLIX: Restoration of the Sun and Moon.
669:
112:C. Ganander (1789), characterised Pohjola as
67:
55:
487:
429:has an episode entitled "Pohjola's Ordeal".
548:
676:
662:
456:in English is also called the "pole star".
184:, a powerful, evil witch. The great smith
412:is occasionally translated in English as
645:The Kalevala: Epic of the Finnish People
493:
37:With her snow-clad hills and mountains."
25:
639:
579:Lid, Nils (1949). "Kalevalan Pohjola".
563:
314:is also the name of a song on an album
1178:
643:(1988). Schoolfield, George C. (ed.).
606:
657:
81:
49:
33:So the third from morn till evening,
578:
13:
100:, along with Kalevala or Väinölä.
14:
1202:
504:]. Åbo: Frenckell. p. 7.
694:
684:
31:"Travels one day, then a second,
633:
609:Grottasõngr: The song of Grotti
35:When appear the gates of Pohya,
615:
600:
591:
572:
557:
469:
439:
1:
549:Pentikäinen, Juha Y. (1999).
494:Ganander, Christfrid (1789).
463:
398:, the equivalent of which in
375:
564:Siikala, Anna-Leena (2002).
432:
326:. The lyrics are based on a
7:
1007:The Children of Mon and Man
607:Tolley, Clive, ed. (2008).
308:released in 1992 and 1993.
273:
10:
1207:
1109:Die Kalewainen in Pochjola
623:"[no title cited]"
243:are the stories about the
18:
1191:Karelian-Finnish folklore
1058:
995:
954:
918:
860:
829:
798:
703:
581:Kalevalaseuran Vuosikirja
73:'place'), sometimes just
1042:The Tomten in Åbo Castle
392:is used to refer to the
21:Pohjola (disambiguation)
294:The Finnish metal band
220:, such as shooting the
212:, and the wise old man
1152:The Quest for Kalevala
1145:The Princess of Cyprus
996:Works inspired by the
400:Scandinavian languages
68:
56:
47:Finnish pronunciation:
39:
1159:The Story of Kullervo
1132:Kalevala translations
1116:Kalevala: The New Era
1096:Influences on Tolkien
1021:The Lord of the Rings
629:(main site). Finland.
484:, 1888 (translation).
426:Little Witch Academia
29:
16:Finnish mythical land
1049:The Wall of Serpents
1035:The Song of Hiawatha
362:) and their 2008 EP
262:for their own needs.
145:and composer of the
19:For other uses, see
1089:Finnish neopaganism
905:Sampsa Pellervoinen
360:This Eternal Winter
251:The forging of the
1074:Elric of Melniboné
551:Kalevala Mythology
515:Mythologia fennica
497:Mythologia fennica
355:Tämä ikuinen talvi
300:Journey to Pohjola
280:Pohjola's Daughter
64:to mean 'north' +
51:[ˈpohjolɑ]
40:
1186:Finnish mythology
1173:
1172:
1079:Finnish mythology
627:pohjola-norden.fi
527:Finnish Mythology
502:Finnish Mythology
423:The anime series
92:Finnish mythology
1198:
1084:Finnish paganism
1028:The Silmarillion
698:
688:
678:
671:
664:
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637:
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511:
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505:
491:
485:
473:
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443:
395:Nordic countries
330:by 19th century
239:The bulk of the
104:Pohjola and the
85:
83:[ˈpohjɑ]
80:
71:
59:
53:
48:
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378:
305:North from Here
283:is a symphonic
276:
222:Swan of Tuonela
186:Seppo Ilmarinen
174:
168:Pohjola in the
136:
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36:
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24:
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1127:Kalevala House
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873:Antero Vipunen
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641:Lönnrot, Elias
632:
614:
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556:
536:
534:
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509:WITH SUBTITLES
486:
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1059:Other related
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482:John Crawford
479:
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415:
411:
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387:
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366:
361:
357:
356:
351:
347:
342:
340:
339:Yrjö Koskinen
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
318:by a Finnish
317:
316:Unsung Heroes
313:
309:
307:
306:
301:
297:
292:
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289:Jean Sibelius
286:
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139:Elias Lönnrot
129:
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107:
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84:
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63:
58:
52:
44:
38:
28:
22:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1122:Kalevala Day
1114:
1107:
1102:Jade Warrior
1100:
1066:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
997:
935:
816:Lemminkäinen
691:The Kalevala
689:
644:
635:
626:
617:
608:
602:
593:
584:
580:
574:
565:
559:
550:
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363:
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344:The Finnish
343:
311:
310:
303:
299:
293:
278:
277:
238:
229:
226:
210:Lemminkäinen
207:
178:The Kalevala
177:
175:
169:
161:
159:
146:
143:lyric poetry
137:
127:
122:Ultima Thule
111:
108:storytellers
105:
95:
74:
65:
61:
42:
41:
30:
847:Joukahainen
821:Väinämöinen
446:Pohjantähti
390:Pohjoismaat
384:, the word
230:Pohjantähti
214:Väinämöinen
188:forges the
1180:Categories
1138:Kanteletar
1014:Kalevipoeg
982:Ukonvasara
587:: 104–120.
464:References
450:North Star
380:In modern
376:Other uses
365:Tulimyrsky
350:Moonsorrow
346:folk metal
336:politician
320:folk metal
234:North Star
202:Cornucopia
79:pronounced
878:Iku-Turso
806:Ilmarinen
433:Footnotes
418:Pohjoland
414:Northland
370:Firestorm
324:Ensiferum
296:Sentenced
285:tone poem
998:Kalevala
910:Syöjätär
895:Nyyrikki
888:Tellervo
883:Mielikki
830:Villains
811:Kullervo
785:Vammatar
753:Tuonetar
746:Kuippana
726:Päivätär
721:Loviatar
477:Kalevala
332:freiherr
274:In music
241:Kalevala
170:Kalevala
147:Kalevala
118:Tartarus
106:Kalevala
97:Kalevala
88:location
86:), is a
62:pohjois-
962:Kantele
946:Väinölä
941:Tuonela
936:Pohjola
931:Metsola
790:Vellamo
716:Ilmatar
454:Polaris
410:Pohjola
386:Pohjola
382:Finnish
312:Pohjola
54:; from
43:Pohjola
1069:(film)
987:Vuoksi
955:Things
926:Ahtola
919:Places
861:Others
799:Heroes
780:Untamo
768:Jumala
730:Kuutar
448:, the
405:Norden
162:boasso
1165:Uhtua
1067:Sampo
977:Turja
967:Sampo
852:Louhi
842:Hiisi
837:Lempo
775:Rauni
758:Tuoni
741:Tapio
736:Surma
500:[
452:, or
348:band
322:band
267:Sampo
260:Sampo
253:Sampo
245:Sampo
218:Sampo
198:Sampo
190:Sampo
182:Louhi
172:tales
155:Finns
151:Saami
75:Pohja
57:pohja
972:Sima
900:Otso
868:Aino
763:Ukko
728:and
711:Ahti
704:Gods
334:and
328:poem
302:and
265:The
196:The
120:and
416:or
402:is
388:or
372:).
287:by
232:or
176:In
153:or
90:in
1182::
625:.
585:29
583:.
539:^
420:.
408:.
341:.
291:.
236:.
124:'.
69:la
732:
677:e
670:t
663:v
523:.
512::
368:(
358:(
77:(
66:-
45:(
23:.
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