64:
502:
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147:" fiber-optic line, thus duplicating the "Polar Express" network link planned for 2026. Duplicating submarine communication cables may be useful due to the potential accidental damage by ships.
110:
It was planned to begin laying the cable from two opposite ends simultaneously, with the goal of completing the construction by 2026. The planned cost of the project is 65 billion rubles.
224:
The system uses a specialized submarine cable with 6 pairs of optical fibers and a conductive element to power optical amplifiers. These pairs of optical fibers have different purposes:
868:
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798:"Π Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊ β ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ"
296:"Π Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊ β ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ"
184:
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from the coastal communication station, the construction of which under the "Polar
Express" project should begin in 2024.
698:"Π’ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊ β ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ β "ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ""
538:
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with planned total capacity from 52 to 104 Tbit/s. The cable was proposed on
October 26, 2020, by decree of the
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two pairs are used to create four independent branches to intermediate objects at various points, such as
321:"ΠΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊ β ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ"
151:
371:"Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊ-ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ"
858:
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521:"ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Ρ "ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ""
264:
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654:"ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° "Π‘ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ" Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 98% ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π―ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏ Π² ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ"
274:
two pairs are used to create a backup connection for future development of the entire network.
564:"ΠΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊ-ΠΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ β ΠΠ½Π°Π΄ΡΡΡ, Π§ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ"
459:
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technologies and processing of large volumes of data, providing a reliable and affordable
8:
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operator was developed. However, the proposed concept was later asked to be clarified.
36:
503:"ΠΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΠΠΠΠ‘ Β«ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΒ»: ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Ρ 2022 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° β ΠΠΌΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΌΠ° Β» ΠΠ "Π Π£Π‘ΠΠΠ Π""
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748:"ΠΠ»Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π’ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ» ΠΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°"
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communications in northern latitudes. This will help meet the growing needs of
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673:"ΠΠΎ Π΄Π½Ρ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΠ΅Π°Π½Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ»"
422:
611:"ΠΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π² ΠΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅"
237:
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658:ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π―ΠΊΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π―ΠΊΡΡΡΠΊΠ° β ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ½Π»Π°ΠΉΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ ysia.ru β Π―Π‘ΠΠ
827:"Polar Express" project description on the website of "Morsvyazsputnik"
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723:"Π ΠΠΠ¨ ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ-Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ "ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ""
520:
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43:
and the project realization was started on
November 18, 2020, by
460:"ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ³ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ"
84:
20:
400:"Π ΠΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ"
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communication line was completed, the cable was installed in
385:"Π Π’Π΅ΡΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΎ ΠΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊ"
150:
On
November 1, 2023, the concept of creating a trans-Arctic
197:
has organized a pilot production line for domestic optical
88:
228:
two pairs are used for the main connection on the route "
489:"Π ΠΡΡΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΡΠ»ΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠ½Π°"
212:, in 2025, a fiber-optic connection will be provided to
582:"Π Π°ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π Π€ ΠΎΡ 01.08.2022 β 2115-Ρ"
869:
Submarine communications cables in the
Pacific Ocean
49:
Federal Agency for
Maritime and River Transportation
874:
Submarine communications cables in the Arctic Ocean
773:"ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π΅Ρ Π² Π’ΠΈΠΊΡΠΈ?"
278:Total capacity planned from 52 to 104 Tbit/s.
180:", are planning to connect to the "Polar Express".
176:
Other fiber-optic communication projects, such as "
423:""ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ" ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ"
850:
191:as part of the exhibition "Russia in Motion".
124:On October 27, 2022, the first section of the
439:
397:
800:(in Russian). Π ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. Archived from
298:(in Russian). Π ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡ. Archived from
636:"ΠΠ°Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, 2023"
165:), work is underway on the section from
157:In 2023, a coastal station was built in
62:
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838:Communication networks in Russia, 2023
670:
442:""ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ" Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π» ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π’"
205:) for submarine communication cables.
91:, which will create an alternative to
240:", with a length of 12,650 km;
13:
574:
525:ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Β«ΠΠΈ-ΠΏΠΎΡΡΒ»
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83:along the shortest route between
139:built for its own purposes the "
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592:from the original on 2022-08-11
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327:from the original on 2022-04-01
323:(in Russian). ΠΠΎΡΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ.
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1:
671:ΠΡΡΠ΅Π²Π°, ΠΠΈΠ½Π΅Π»Ρ (2024-03-01).
281:
119:submarine communication cable
69:submarine communication cable
53:Russian Ministry of Transport
25:submarine communication cable
864:Telecommunications in Russia
440:ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΠΊ (2021-08-09).
406:(in Russian). Archived from
398:ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠ»Ρ ΠΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π° (2021-05-19).
7:
10:
890:
588:(in Russian). 2022-08-04.
466:(in Russian). 2021-04-20.
183:On November 25, 2023, the
58:
660:(in Russian). 2023-05-29.
570:(in Russian). 2023-10-12.
543:www.submarinecablemap.com
527:(in Russian). 2023-09-25.
509:(in Russian). 2022-09-16.
491:(in Russian). 2021-07-30.
387:(in Russian). 2021-08-25.
373:(in Russian). 2021-04-20.
833: β official webpage
779:(in Russian). 2023-09-10
754:(in Russian). 2024-03-02
617:(in Russian). 2023-11-14
586:publication.pravo.gov.ru
421:ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π» (2021).
265:Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
145:Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
346:"Polar Express Project"
75:The cable will connect
117:for the production of
72:
539:"Submarine Cable Map"
113:A plant was built in
66:
23:12,650 km long
19: is a proposed
844:Submarine Cable Map
831:ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡ.ΡΡ
41:President of Russia
135:In December 2022,
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47:, a subsidiary of
37:Northern Sea Route
35:by traversing the
702:Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ Π² Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ
429:(in Russian) (4).
404:Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π³Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ°
359:. April 22, 2021.
269:Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
187:was presented at
178:Synergy of Arctic
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859:Submarine cables
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220:Specifications
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97:online trading
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590:Archived
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105:Internet
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349:(video)
245:Amderma
167:Amderma
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