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Politics of Ontario

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3336:'s Liberals, which gained 5 seats (27 seats were eliminated from legislature from the 1995 election). Harris' victory was largely due to a strong campaign by the NDP, as McGuinty's Liberals were able to gain only 8.8% of the popular vote to finish at 39.9% vs. the Tory 45.1%. In addition, the emergence of the Canadian economy from the recession led to many jobs in Ontario since the time Harris had taken office, and Harris' record on tax and deficit reduction all were positive features to Harris campaign. Negative campaigning by the Tories, which featured ads claiming that McGuinty was "not up to the job" also helped Harris's re-election bid. 5492: 3225:. Before Peterson called the election, his government stood at a 54% approval rating in the polls. However, the early election call turned out to be his undoing as the public interpreted it as arrogance. Several scandals also broke out after the election call and some suspected the Liberals of calling an election just to dodge the upcoming recession. In the most surprising election results in Ontario's history, the NDP was able to win a majority government, however with only 37% of the vote. This government was Ontario's second social democratic government (after the United Farmers government of 2854:. These governments were responsible for some of the province's most progressive social legislation (including the Ontario Code of Human Rights), the creation of most of Ontario's welfare state and social programs, the creation of many Crown Corporations, and strong economic growth. Though the Conservatives were reduced to a minority government in 1975 and 1977, they stayed in power as they moved to the left of the rural-based Liberals. In addition, the Liberal and NDP opposition parties had been unwilling to cooperate. The Conservatives' were returned with a majority government in 1981. 644: 3473:
care, including free drug prescriptions for persons under 25. The Wynne government sold a majority interest in Hydro One, the electricity distribution system in Ontario, the proceeds enabling the government to balance the budget. After signing a number of contracts with renewable energy producers for electricity, electricity rates to consumers increased substantially and the Wynne government controversially moved to lower rates by renegotiating debt until the 2020s. By the end of her term in 2018, the Liberals were trailing badly in opinion polls.
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the PC's this election, saw a significant increase in both votes and seats in the Legislature, obtaining 40/124 seats and roughly 34% of the popular vote. The result between these two parties saw the Progressive Conservatives form a majority government, while the New Democratic Party became the Official Opposition for only the third time in its history (last seen in the Ontario general election of 1987). Finally, the 2018 Ontario Election also saw the
24: 3291:, promising to solve Ontario's economic woes and problems with lower taxation, smaller government and pro-business policies to create jobs. He also campaigned as a populist, which gave him the support of several working-class ridings that normally voted NDP. The 1995 election gave the PC Party a large majority, bringing the Tories back into power, however not under their traditional centrist or Red Tory agenda. 3511:, and the subsequent nomination battle which saw Ford elected Premier, by a narrow margin. The new "platform" under Ford's PC party was composed of a series of promises, with anticipated costs, rather than a fully costed platform as the other major parties had developed. Prior to his nomination for PCs, Ford had intended to run for the Mayoral seat in the City of Toronto (previously held by his brother, 3528: 1548: 3310:
on strike which affected 2.1 million students in the province. The strike was over the contentious issue of who holds the power to set education policy in the province. Bill 160 put control of the education system in the hands of the provincial government. It eliminated the ability of school boards and teachers' unions to set classroom and teaching conditions through
3256:(OPSEU), and other public sector unions turning its backs on Bob Rae. Many union members vowed to bring his government down. Rae also introduced unpopular revenue-raising taxes and operations that hurt his election prospects. Thousands of party members resigned from the NDP and it became evident that the party was headed for a defeat in the 2884:, following the retirement of popular longtime Red Tory Premier Bill Davis. This shift in policy did not help the party's fortunes, nor did Davis' announcement to extend full funding for Catholic schools, the latter which alienated the Conservatives' rural supporters. After 42 years of governing Ontario, the 3309:
In 1997, the teachers' union protested with a province-wide two-week strike against the Harris government's education initiatives. It was the largest teachers' strike in North American history. The teachers had a contract so the government determined that the strike was illegal. 126,000 teachers went
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system, they backtracked on this policy, causing a split between Premier Rae and his more left-wing ministers. They increased spending in the public sector to stimulate employment and productivity. However, due to the unforeseen severity of the recession, the federal government cutbacks, the NDP was
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reduced the Tories to a minority in the Legislature, with only four seats more than the opposition Liberals. The Tories won fewer votes overall than the Liberals. Miller attempted to forge an alliance with the NDP, as Bill Davis did during his minority terms (1975–1981), but they were unable to come
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on the issue to be October 10, 2007, which was also the date set for the provincial election. The Government also set a "super majority" requirement that requires the support of at least 60% of voters and majority support in 60% of all Ontario ridings for the proposal to be adopted. The MMP system
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in the Legislature. Peterson's record in office was a mixed one. During his five years in power, Ontario recorded some of its best economic times; however towards the end of his tenure government spending increased. Although his government predicted a surplus, Ontario's debt was over $ 3 billion by
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for the first time in their history. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, in contrast, saw a large increase in seats (and a modest increase in votes) obtaining 76/124 possible seats and roughly 41% of the popular vote. The New Democratic Party of Ontario, considered the main opponents to
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However, things improved after his first year in office for the public opinion of the Liberals. The Ontario government was able to negotiate a national health accord with the federal government and the other provinces. Free immunizations against chicken pox and meningitis were added to the list of
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agreement of 1985-1987 allowed Peterson's Liberals to form a minority government. In exchange for supporting certain Liberal policies and not defeating Peterson's government in the Legislature, the Liberals agreed to pass certain NDP policies to which Miller had previously been unwilling to agree.
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The McGuinty government also brought forward a number of regulatory initiatives including legislation to allow patrons to bring their own wine to restaurants, banning junk food in public schools, restricting smoking in public places (especially where minors are present), and requiring students to
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The new conservative government of Mike Harris implemented a programme of cuts to social spending and taxes (the "Common Sense Revolution") that lowered taxes for most Ontarians and especially businesses. However, it also drew controversy for "downloading" or transferring the cost of programs and
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Wynne's government would continue its progressive agenda during her term as Premier, including a minimum-wage hike, an updated sex education curriculum, safe-injection sites, affordable housing, increased investment in public transit, reduced tuition for students and increased spending on health
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after his election made the McGuinty government unpopular during its first few months. During his second month in office, McGuinty had an approval rating of only 8%, a record low. Somewhat surprisingly, even though the new Liberal government were viewed to have broken some of their promises, on
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His sagacity in judging how far he could advance on any question without alarming the public mind was remarkable. Naturally conservative, when the psychological moment arrived, however, he would cast his idols to the moles and bats and lead a procession of the most advanced radicals with all the
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saw a number of significant changes in the distribution of seats among all three major parties, in some cases unprecedented in the province's history. The Liberal Party of Ontario lost the greatest number of seats, falling to just 7/126 seats, with roughly 19% of the popular vote, and losing
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While the advice of the premier and Executive Council is typically binding on the lieutenant governor, there are occasions when the lieutenant governor has refused advice. This usually occurs if the premier does not clearly command the confidence of the elected Legislative Assembly.
3380:, Dalton McGuinty led the Liberals to victory against Ernie Eves and his controversy-plagued Tories, coming in with a solid majority. McGuinty's major promises revolved around increasing health care funding, unraveling Mike Harris's education reforms, and not raising taxes. 3274:
By 1995, Ontario's unemployment rate was skyrocketing and the deficit was growing bigger, leaving most people convinced that the government of Bob Rae had become ineffective after four and one-half years of an international recession. Commentators predicted an easy win for
2364:(then Minister of Lands and Forests) declared, "My ambition has been to see the largest paper industry in the world established in the Province, and my attitude towards the pulp and paper industry has been directed towards assisting in bringing this about." 2337:. In that campaign, he stressed the necessity of public ownership of electrical development, saying, "The water power of Niagara should be as free as the air." In office, he worked to promote Ontario's industrial development through the creation of the 1649:, was deftly handled by the Liberals and Conservatives declining to nominate a full bank of candidates in that election and fielding candidates that were nominated by these protest groups. The Patrons and PPA ceased to exist by 3387:
released a budget introducing tax increases on commodities and businesses, the introduction of a new income tax called the "Ontario Health Premium" for all but low-income Ontarians, the de-listing of health-care services from
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Afterwards, the government's critics alleged that the government's cuts to the Ministry of the Environment and privatization of water-testing laboratories led to the lack of oversight that resulted in six deaths during a
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as Premier. This was in part due to the party's last-minute abandoning of the official party platform, set off by a sudden change in leadership several months before the election due to the resignation of PC leader
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with measures for colonization and incentives for the development of lumber and mining operations. He was followed by Ross in 1899, but a series of scandals in Ross' term of office would lead to his defeat in 1905.
3880: 3244:, which forced public-sector workers to take unpaid "holidays" or "Rae Days" every year. They also introduced wage freezes The Social Contract led to most of the labour movement, especially longtime NDP ally 342: 3364:. Eves's government was chiefly notable for stopping Harris's unpopular plan to privatize the public electricity system, but not before some parts of the utility had been sold to private interests such as 741:
The executive power is vested in the Crown and exercised "in-Council", meaning on the advice of the Executive Council; conventionally, this is the Cabinet, which is chaired by the premier and comprises
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and advised dissolution of the Legislature. Guichon declined the Clark's request. Clark then offered her resignation as Premier, and the leader of the Official Opposition, John Horgan, who was able to
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In 2012, Dalton McGuinty announced his intention to resign from his post as Premier, which left the legislature hung for six months and the Liberal Leadership open. On Saturday, January 26, 2013,
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on behalf of the monarch to legislation passed by the Legislative Assembly. The Crown does not participate in the legislative process save for signifying approval to a bill passed by the Assembly.
3409:, a former aide of Bill Davis, to lead the party. John Tory stated he opposed the privatization that was advocated by Mike Harris and Ernie Eves, and supported the elimination of health premiums. 3383:
Shortly after the election, however, the former provincial auditor undertook a study that revealed that the Harris-Eves Tories had hidden a deficit of at least $ 5.6 billion. Minister of Finance
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OHIP-covered immunizations for children. McGuinty announced plans for the creation of the "Green Belt" in the Greater Toronto Area to help control urban sprawl, and plans for the creation of a "
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December 14, 2003, 60% of Ontarians in an Ipsos-Reid Poll (on behalf of Globe and Mail/CFTO/CFRB) said they were better off governed by the Liberals now than the Conservatives under Ernie Eves.
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Through reforming the Conservatives by establishing the Ontario Liberal-Conservative Association, reaching out to Catholics, and distancing the party from its federal counterpart,
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is a hotbed for Liberal and NDP support. The southern border areas are more conservative than the northern areas, however, both fiscally and socially. This is most notable in the
3283:, which had been reduced to third-party status since the 1987 election, made a comeback and won a majority. Macleod alienated voters by flip-flopping on campaign issues such as 733:, to signify that, though they may be opposed to the premier and Cabinet of the day's policies, they remain loyal to Canada, which is personified and represented by the King. 2881: 5233: 184: 3887: 3287:. Towards the end of the campaign, the Liberals attempted to copy many Tory policies. Mike Harris, on the other hand, campaigned on a controversial agenda known as the 1621:, winning key controversies over Provincial boundaries, jurisdiction over liquor licenses, trade and commerce, rivers and streams, timber, escheats and other matters. 3361: 699:
The legislature plays a role in the election of governments, as the premier and Cabinet hold office by virtue of commanding the body's confidence. Per the tenets of
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prevailed at the party's convention. She became the first female Premier of Ontario and she became the first lesbian premier of any province. Wynne would win the
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The NDP took power in the midst of one of the worst recessions since the Great Depression. Though they campaigned predominantly on the promise of a public
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of government. The political party that wins the largest number of seats in the legislature normally forms the government, and the party's leader becomes
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Following the election results, there remains significant uncertainty as to the goals and agenda under the Progressive Conservatives (PC), led by
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signed an accord (not a formal coalition), ousting Frank Miller, and ending one of the longest political dynasties in Canadian history.
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in the Assembly. Once sworn in, the premier holds office until their resignation or removal by the lieutenant governor after either a
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The Progressive Conservative Party dominated Ontario's political system from 1943 to 1985 and earned the nickname of the
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1919–1923), and its track record would keep the NDP out of serious contention for power in Ontario until the present.
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After Mowat left for federal politics in 1896, the premiership was passed to Hardy, who promoted the development of
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and swearing and entertaining thirsty strangers, the brighter does the virtue of Mowat shine by contrast.
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to a private-sector consortium for 99 years. Harris stepped down as leader in 2002 and was replaced by
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The powers of the Crown are vested in the monarch and are exercised by the lieutenant governor. The
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rulings resulted in Ontario becoming the first of Canada's provinces and territories to legalize
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David Peterson was able to re-energize his party and lead them back into office. The Liberal-NDP
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requires executive power to be exercised only "by and with the Advice of the Executive Council".
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To combat the growing deficit, New Democrats introduced cutbacks to social spending, and the
3187: 3066: 2585: 2354: 2077: 1880: 1846: 1807: 1128: 1094: 1060: 1021: 798: 774: 743: 703:, Cabinet ministers are almost always elected MPPs, and account to the Legislative Assembly. 672: 652: 632: 545: 295: 241: 4480: 3658: 2360:
The era was known for aggressive exploitation of the Province's natural resources. In 1919,
794: 5860: 5007: 4811: 4656: 3631: 3594: 3415: 3318: 2379: 1777: 1592: 1588: 1201: 806: 575: 389: 257: 5491: 4701:"Doug Ford declared Ontario PC Party leader after chaotic convention | Globalnews.ca" 8: 5905: 5850: 5471: 5311: 5161: 5012: 4997: 4867: 4801: 4429: 4409: 4387: 4382: 4365: 4343: 3353: 3199: 3108: 2330: 1977: 1850: 1642: 1625: 1333: 1303: 1098: 814: 712: 668: 419: 379: 246: 155: 4715:"Doug Ford's PCs reveal 'final' campaign platform that has no fiscal outlook | CBC News" 3419:
in 2005. Following a series of high-profile maulings, the government also moved to ban
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Politics of Development: Forests, Mines, and Hydro-Electric Power in Ontario, 1849–1941
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The Court of Ontario comprises the Superior Court of Justice and the Court of Justice
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Officeholders, known as members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs) are elected using the
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While MPPs Squabble, Ontario Patients Suffer due to lack of Electronic Health Records
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bastion and thus an NDP stronghold), and the rural areas being far more conservative.
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Mowat was cautious in his approach to reform, preferring to do so by instalments. As
1595:'s activity as a hard-nosed and down-to-earth politician in his service, as noted by 601: 439: 2394:, who would pursue aggressive policies in promoting Ontario's interests until 1943. 513:
is governed by a unicameral legislature, the Parliament of Ontario, composed of the
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Perrella, Andrea M.L.; Brown, Steven D.; Kay, Barry J.; Docherty, David C. (2008).
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The Citizens Insurance Company of Canada and The Queen Insurance Company v Parsons
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Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario (1985–2018) - seats won by party
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Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario (1943–1981) - seats won by party
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Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario (1905–1937) - seats won by party
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Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario (1867–1902) - seats won by party
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obtain its first-ever seat in the legislature, no less won by the party leader,
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faced with lower revenues and higher expenses leading to an increasing deficit.
4476: 4002:"The Westminster Approach to Prorogation, Dissolution and Fixed Date Elections" 3559:. However, the merger of these two right-wing parties into the new, right-wing 3531:
Map of Southern Ontario with the ridings shaded based on how they voted in the
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Mike Harris was re-elected with a majority, despite a loss of 23 seats in the
5925: 5732: 4905: 3723: 3245: 3218: 2350: 1617:, Mowat successfully promoted the cause of provincial sovereignty before the 660: 624: 458: 3942: 3864: 3847: 5559: 5508: 4727: 3384: 3226: 2847: 2843: 2349:
by suppressing French-language instruction in schools through the issue of
2346: 1581: 1569: 1551: 676: 605: 574:. Within Canada, the monarch exercises power individually on behalf of the 337: 174: 3972:"Consolidated federal laws of canada, THE CONSTITUTION ACTS, 1867 to 1982" 133: 5480: 5225: 4657:"The 2007 Provincial Election and Electoral System Referendum in Ontario" 4527: 3643: 3365: 3295:
responsibilities to municipalities, without supplying finances to do so.
3280: 3206: 2368: 893: 562: 160: 4065: 3731: 3519:, who himself was Leader of the PC party previously, from 2004 to 2009. 3413:
stay in school until age 18. The government also enacted changes to the
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tends to be split between Conservative and Liberal support. The inner "
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had recommended that Ontario switch to a new electoral system known as
3357: 3276: 2851: 2822: 2383: 202: 5432: 3848:"Canada's Evolving Crown: From a British Crown to a "Crown of Maples"" 5531: 4975: 3886:. Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. p. 3. Archived from 3832: 3516: 3503: 3406: 3263: 1597: 313: 2341:, and also promoted social welfare through the passage of the first 23: 4620:
https://ofl.ca/wp-content/uploads/1999.01.01-Brief-OAB-TaxCuts1.pdf
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Ontario's federal political trends vary despite the fact that the
4781: 4570:"'No regrets' about days that bear his name, Rae says | The Star" 3602: 3322: 3279:'s Liberals, but the resurgent Progressive Conservative Party of 2894: 510: 3477:
Liberal decline, Progressive Conservatives return (2018-present)
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then took over as Premier, and served until his defeat in 1919.
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Romaniuk, Scott Nicholas; Wasylciw, Joshua K. (February 2015).
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Ontario Public Service and directed by the elected government.
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of the premier and Executive Council is typically binding; the
3527: 805:, they typically sit as a MPP and lead the largest party or a 4152:"Introduction to Ontario's Courts | Ontario Court of Justice" 3605:) are usually Liberal and NDP, while the surrounding region " 2876:
However, in 1985, the party came back to the right, electing
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of the elected Legislature, was invited to form government.
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The rise of activism amongst farmers and workers following
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for the province, chairs and selects the membership of the
4636:"Teachers Strike in Ontario, Closing Thousands of Schools" 4232:"The Courts in Ontario – Ministry of the Attorney General" 3638:, with the urban areas generally leaning left (especially 3371: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2915: 1694: 1689: 1679: 977: 4654: 4618:
Ontario Federation of Labour. 1999. Tax Cut Fact Sheet.
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became the first Premier of Ontario, the Liberals under
797:. As premiers hold office by virtue of their ability to 4482:
Public power: The fight for publicly owned electricity
671:(represented by the lieutenant governor) comprise the 4503: 4405:
St. Catherines Milling and Lumber Company v The Queen
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law. He also maintained the party's support from the
946:, Child and Family Services Review Board, and others 4128:, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada, archived from 4059: 3881:"Crown of Maples: Constitutional Monarchy in Canada" 3816:(in French). Cour supΓ©rieure du QuΓ©bec. p. 16. 3713: 663:
124-member Legislative Assembly of Ontario (French:
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Ontario's current primary political parties are the
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Politics of the provinces and territories of Canada
4176:Ontario Courts, maintained by the Judges' Library. 4150:Ontario Courts, maintained by the Judges' Library. 2353:. He continued as Premier until his death in 1914. 1637:The agrarian revolt and anti-Catholic sentiment in 942:(SJTO), which comprises eight bodies including the 48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 4178:"Canada's Court System | Ontario Court of Justice" 3683: 3317:That year, the Harris government also amalgamated 2397: 1557:After the Province's indecisive first election in 1587:Secure in its predominance in the rural parts of 5923: 4523:"Bill Davis' politics were anything but 'bland'" 4305:. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). 4277:. Vol. XIII (1901–1910) (online ed.). 4062:"Why does the Governor General give the Speech?" 3845: 1664: 4633: 4461:. Vol. XIV (1911–1920) (online ed.). 3808: 3551:against a "divided right" between the centrist 3522: 2900: 957: 912:Selected federally (Superior Court of Justice) 570:with 14 other independent countries within the 4475: 3852:American, British and Canadian Studies Journal 3609:" is split between Conservatives and Liberals. 3447:Ontario Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform 3321:and its six cities into the new "Megacity" of 2920: 1684: 1628:observed later, it reflected Mowat's cunning: 5448: 4933: 4767: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4045:harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMacLeod2008 ( 3574:are more conservative. The exceptions are in 3182:Liberal governments under Peterson, 1985-1990 1580:Blake left for federal politics in 1872, and 923:Provincial boards, commissions and tribunals 723:, and scrutinize the work of the government. 486: 4595:"Harris cuts taxes early to bolster economy" 4064:. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from 3681: 3563:in 2003 has reduced this Liberal dominance. 3423:; a move which has generated mixed support. 3207:Bob Rae and the "Social Contract", 1990-1995 3106: 3064: 3022: 2980: 2738: 2706: 2669: 2628: 2583: 2544: 2505: 2460: 2390:, at which time the Liberals returned under 2261: 2233: 2204: 2173: 2143: 2109: 2075: 2045: 2008: 1975: 1944: 1909: 1878: 1844: 1805: 1775: 1736: 1478: 1449: 1419: 1391: 1361: 1331: 1297: 1263: 1229: 1199: 1160: 1126: 1092: 1058: 1019: 592:The lieutenant governor is appointed by the 4368:, (1881) 7 A.C. 96 (26 November 1881), 4290: 4288: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4256: 3970:Branch, Legislative Services (2020-08-07). 726:The Official Opposition is formally termed 719:, who typically appoint MPPs as critics to 5455: 5441: 4940: 4926: 4774: 4760: 4629: 4627: 4439: 4175: 4149: 2834:. During this period the party was led by 2339:Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario 493: 479: 4970: 4455:. In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). 4450: 4299:. In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). 4271:. In Cook, Ramsay; Hamelin, Jean (eds.). 3863: 914:Selected provincially (Court of Justice) 538:Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario 370:Politics by province / territory 108:Learn how and when to remove this message 4426:The Attorney General of Ontario v Mercer 4390:, (1884) 9 A.C. 392 (7 April 1884), 4346:, 9 App Cas 117 (15 December 1883), 4285: 4253: 4125:The Opposition in a Parliamentary System 4060:Government of Canada (4 December 2015). 3879:Department of Canadian Heritage (2015). 3526: 3451:mixed-member proportional representation 3264:The "Common Sense Revolution", 1995-2003 3198:, Peterson's Liberals won a substantial 1584:would then serve as Premier until 1896. 1546: 642: 5462: 4624: 4121: 4040: 3372:The Liberals return to power, 2003-2018 1619:Judicial Committee of the Privy Council 5924: 5706:Freedom of Choice, Peace & Justice 4509: 4294: 4266: 4203:"What is the court system in Ontario?" 3969: 3941:. Government of Canada. Archived from 3686:The Government and Politics of Ontario 3656: 3584:Ontario Progressive Conservative Party 3254:Ontario Public Service Employees Union 3217:The Liberals paid dearly by calling a 5436: 5223: 4969: 4921: 4755: 4687:"Ontario Election Results | CBC News" 4544:"Is Ontario Headed For A Debt Crisis" 3999: 3919:from the original on 20 February 2009 3839: 4957:This article is part of the series: 4634:Anthony DePalma (October 28, 1997). 4412:, 14 AC 46 (12 December 1888), 3809:Claude Bouchard (16 February 2016). 3586:on the provincial level and for the 2508:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation 2048:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation 952: 638: 46:adding citations to reliable sources 17: 3298: 2825:explaining his success in politics. 13: 5542:List of Premiers by time in office 4541: 4104:from the original on 21 March 2022 3650: 3445:In 2007 it was announced that the 3221:three years into their mandate in 736: 665:AssemblΓ©e lΓ©gislative de l'Ontario 14: 5943: 5767:People's Progressive Common Front 4735: 4661:Canadian Political Science Review 4242:from the original on 4 April 2021 4236:www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.on.ca 4184:from the original on 4 April 2021 4158:from the original on 4 April 2021 4122:Schmitz, Gerald (December 1988), 3761:List of Ontario general elections 3285:civil unions for same-sex couples 2889:to an agreement. The Liberals of 1647:Protestant Protective Association 1641:, exemplified by the rise of the 1605:The more wickeder he is, playing 1364:Protestant Protective Association 881:Ontario Superior Court of Justice 820: 5490: 4899: 4886: 4885: 4458:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 4432:, 8 AC 767 (18 July 1883), 4321:"Ontario-Manitoba Boundary Case" 4302:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 4274:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 4213:from the original on 18 May 2021 4022:from the original on 31 May 2020 3982:from the original on 5 June 2022 3823:from the original on 31 May 2020 3811:"Jugement No. 200-17-018455-139" 3730: 3716: 3458:was rejected by Ontario voters. 2333:was able to win the election of 940:Social Justice Tribunals Ontario 759:refers to the activities of the 673:Provincial Parliament of Ontario 452: 132: 22: 5224: 4721: 4707: 4693: 4679: 4648: 4612: 4587: 4562: 4535: 4515: 4469: 4419: 4397: 4375: 4353: 4331: 4313: 4224: 4195: 4169: 4143: 4115: 4086: 4080: 4053: 3756:Legislative Assembly of Ontario 3665:McGill-Queen's University Press 2398:The Big Blue Machine, 1943-1985 972: 193:Legislative Assembly of Ontario 33:needs additional citations for 4451:Humphries, Charles W. (1998). 4383:Caldwell and another v McLaren 4034: 3993: 3963: 3957: 3931: 3905: 3872: 3802: 3746:Lieutenant Governor of Ontario 3601:" ridings (i.e., those inside 3553:Progressive Conservative Party 3348:in the public water system of 770:The premier of Ontario is the 761:Lieutenant Governor-in-Council 1: 5804:2022 Ontario general election 4350: (on appeal from Ontario) 4009:Canadian Parliamentary Review 3796: 3483:2018 Ontario General Election 3390:Ontario Health Insurance Plan 3305:1997 Ontario teachers' strike 1665:Early 20th century, 1905-1943 936:Ontario Human Rights Tribunal 789:the Crown on the exercise of 706: 694: 682: 627:met with Lieutenant Governor 4436: (on appeal from Canada) 4416: (on appeal from Canada) 4394: (on appeal from Canada) 4372: (on appeal from Canada) 3776:Executive Council of Ontario 3766:Political parties of Ontario 3588:Conservative Party of Canada 3561:Conservative Party of Canada 3543:dominated the province from 3523:Overview of federal politics 3438:Same-sex marriage in Ontario 2901:After the Machine's collapse 1633:enthusiasm of a new convert. 1576:which they would hold until 958:Liberal hegemony before 1905 711:The second largest party of 649:Ontario Legislative Building 542:Ontario New Democratic Party 320:Executive Council of Ontario 7: 5814:Ontario electoral districts 5514:Former Lieutenant Governors 4463:University of Toronto Press 4307:University of Toronto Press 4279:University of Toronto Press 3791:Political culture of Canada 3709: 3692:University of Toronto Press 3634:is similar to the adjacent 3428:Court of Appeal for Ontario 3138: 3105: 3063: 3021: 2979: 2769: 2737: 2705: 2668: 2627: 2582: 2543: 2504: 2459: 2289: 2260: 2232: 2203: 2172: 2142: 2108: 2074: 2044: 2007: 1974: 1943: 1908: 1877: 1843: 1804: 1774: 1735: 1507: 1477: 1448: 1418: 1390: 1360: 1330: 1296: 1262: 1228: 1198: 1159: 1125: 1091: 1057: 1018: 852:Court of Appeal for Ontario 529:of the province, i.e., the 10: 5948: 5785:Stop the New Sex-Ed Agenda 5488: 4985:Sovereign in the provinces 4453:"Whitney, Sir James Pliny" 4339:Hodge v The Queen (Canada) 3682:Graham White, ed. (1997). 3555:and strongly conservative 3325:despite their opposition. 3302: 3267: 3210: 3203:the end of the year 1990. 3139: 2770: 2290: 1508: 1421:Conservative - Independent 824: 777:. The premier acts as the 689:first-past-the-post system 5838: 5822: 5794: 5761:People with Special Needs 5629: 5601: 5578: 5565:Former Opposition Leaders 5550: 5522: 5499: 5470: 5392: 5310: 5232: 5219: 5137: 5109: 5046: 4983: 4965: 4955: 4881: 4855: 4822:Newfoundland and Labrador 4794: 4295:Burley, David G. (1994). 3781:Council of the Federation 3426:In the summer of 2003, a 3213:Social Contract (Ontario) 2893:and the New Democrats of 2373:United Farmers of Ontario 1912:United Farmers of Ontario 944:Landlord and Tenant Board 5688:Confederation of Regions 5639:Progressive Conservative 2983:Progressive Conservative 2463:Progressive Conservative 2414:Progressive Conservative 2206:Conservative Independent 1566:John Sandfield Macdonald 888:Ontario Court of Justice 756:His Majesty's Government 598:prime minister of Canada 578:, and the 10 provinces. 555: 521:, which operates in the 232:Progressive Conservative 5839:Other Canadian politics 5580:Speaker of the Assembly 4297:"Hardy, Arthur Sturgis" 3976:laws-lois.justice.gc.ca 3915:. The Royal Household. 3865:10.1515/abcsj-2014-0030 3289:Common Sense Revolution 3270:Common Sense Revolution 2235:Progressive Independent 866:Supreme Court of Canada 811:motion of no confidence 596:, on the advice of the 572:Commonwealth of Nations 5570:Ontario Shadow Cabinet 4430:[1883] UKPC 42 4410:[1888] UKPC 70 4388:[1884] UKPC 21 4366:[1881] UKPC 49 4344:[1883] UKPC 59 4323:. 1884. Archived from 3536: 3493:Green Party of Ontario 2873: 2827: 2343:workmen's compensation 1635: 1611: 1554: 1393:Conservative - Liberal 931:Selected provincially 827:Court system of Canada 799:command the confidence 744:ministers of the Crown 701:responsible government 664: 656: 633:command the confidence 615:In 2017 following the 587:Constitution Act, 1867 550:Green Party of Ontario 531:head of the government 185:Provincial legislature 5830:Equalization payments 4863:Northwest Territories 4787:province or territory 4267:Romney, Paul (1994). 4094:"Lieutenant Governor" 4000:Hicks, Bruce (2012). 3939:"The Queen of Canada" 3771:Government of Ontario 3657:Nelles, H.V. (2005). 3590:on the federal level. 3533:2006 federal election 3530: 3488:Official Party Status 3312:collective bargaining 3250:Canadian Auto Workers 3188:confidence and supply 2882:leadership convention 2869:Malice in Blunderland 2857: 2815: 2355:William Howard Hearst 1630: 1603: 1550: 1451:Liberal - Independent 825:Further information: 775:minister of the Crown 751:Government of Ontario 653:Provincial Parliament 646: 546:Ontario Liberal Party 57:"Politics of Ontario" 5048:Lieutenant Governors 4837:Prince Edward Island 4744:by Michael Rachlis, 3632:Southwestern Ontario 3595:Greater Toronto Area 3416:Ontario Heritage Act 3354:407 ETR toll highway 2547:New Democratic Party 2380:coalition government 1778:Liberal-Conservative 1593:Arthur Sturgis Hardy 1589:Southwestern Ontario 1202:Liberal-Conservative 803:Legislative Assembly 753:, or more formally, 713:parliamentary caucus 519:Legislative Assembly 42:improve this article 5932:Politics of Ontario 5616:Former legislatures 5501:Lieutenant Governor 5464:Politics of Ontario 4542:Artuso, Antonella. 4269:"Mowat, Sir Oliver" 3945:on 24 February 2016 3893:on 10 November 2012 3481:The results of the 3362:leadership election 2907: 2708:Liberal Independent 2404: 2331:James Pliny Whitney 2175:Liberal Independent 1978:Liberal-Progressive 1671: 1643:Patrons of Industry 1626:George William Ross 1334:Patrons of Industry 964: 861:Selected federally 843:Composition method 833: 717:Official Opposition 669:Crown-in-Parliament 617:provincial election 515:Lieutenant Governor 327:Official Opposition 286:Electoral districts 167:Lieutenant Governor 125:Politics of Ontario 4959:Politics of Canada 4783:Politics of Canada 4641:The New York Times 4599:The Globe and Mail 3913:"Queen and Canada" 3786:Politics of Canada 3751:Premier of Ontario 3537: 3403:Citizen's Assembly 3394:Oak Ridges Moraine 3350:Walkerton, Ontario 2905: 2865:Allan Fotheringham 2672:Labour-Progressive 2402: 1669: 1613:Acting as his own 1555: 962: 832:Courts in Ontario 831: 779:head of government 657: 651:, the seat of the 576:federal government 523:Westminster system 361:Politics of Canada 5919: 5918: 5787: 5780: 5775: 5768: 5763: 5756: 5749: 5747:None of the Above 5742: 5735: 5728: 5721: 5714: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5690: 5683: 5676: 5671: 5669:Canadians' Choice 5664: 5631:Political parties 5552:Opposition Leader 5430: 5429: 5412:Political culture 5397:Foreign relations 5388: 5387: 5215: 5214: 4915: 4914: 4906:Canada portal 4576:. 6 November 2009 3557:Canadian Alliance 3432:same-sex marriage 3252:union (CAW), the 3179: 3178: 2813: 2812: 2327: 2326: 1545: 1544: 953:Political history 950: 949: 795:royal prerogative 639:Legislative power 602:royal prerogative 503: 502: 459:Canada portal 334:Opposition Leader 224:Political parties 118: 117: 110: 92: 5939: 5783: 5778: 5771: 5766: 5759: 5754:Northern Ontario 5752: 5745: 5738: 5731: 5724: 5717: 5710: 5705: 5701:Electoral Reform 5700: 5693: 5686: 5679: 5674: 5667: 5660: 5611:Current assembly 5537:List of Premiers 5494: 5483: 5472:Crown in Ontario 5457: 5450: 5443: 5434: 5433: 5221: 5220: 4967: 4966: 4942: 4935: 4928: 4919: 4918: 4904: 4903: 4902: 4889: 4888: 4807:British Columbia 4776: 4769: 4762: 4753: 4752: 4730: 4725: 4719: 4718: 4711: 4705: 4704: 4697: 4691: 4690: 4683: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4652: 4646: 4645: 4631: 4622: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4607: 4606: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4582: 4581: 4574:The Toronto Star 4566: 4560: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4531:. June 30, 2009. 4519: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4473: 4467: 4466: 4448: 4437: 4423: 4417: 4401: 4395: 4379: 4373: 4357: 4351: 4335: 4329: 4328: 4317: 4311: 4310: 4292: 4283: 4282: 4264: 4251: 4250: 4248: 4247: 4228: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4218: 4199: 4193: 4192: 4190: 4189: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4147: 4141: 4140: 4139: 4137: 4132:on 25 April 2009 4119: 4113: 4112: 4110: 4109: 4090: 4084: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4073: 4068:on 26 April 2018 4057: 4051: 4050: 4038: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4021: 4006: 3997: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3987: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3935: 3929: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3909: 3903: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3892: 3885: 3876: 3870: 3869: 3867: 3843: 3837: 3836: 3830: 3828: 3822: 3815: 3806: 3740: 3735: 3734: 3726: 3721: 3720: 3719: 3705: 3690:(5th ed.). 3689: 3678: 3663:(2nd ed.). 3614:Northern Ontario 3541:federal Liberals 3299:Teachers' strike 2908: 2904: 2832:Big Blue Machine 2405: 2401: 2392:Mitchell Hepburn 2388:Great Depression 2371:resulted in the 1672: 1668: 1615:Attorney General 1572:gained power in 965: 961: 874:Court of Ontario 834: 830: 815:general election 793:and much of the 730:Loyal Opposition 721:shadow ministers 715:is known as the 621:British Columbia 594:governor general 565: 495: 488: 481: 457: 456: 455: 258:Recent elections 209:Current assembly 205: 163: 136: 120: 119: 113: 106: 102: 99: 93: 91: 50: 26: 18: 5947: 5946: 5942: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5937: 5936: 5922: 5921: 5920: 5915: 5834: 5818: 5790: 5625: 5597: 5593:Former Speakers 5574: 5546: 5518: 5495: 5486: 5479: 5466: 5461: 5431: 5426: 5422:Politics portal 5384: 5306: 5228: 5211: 5133: 5105: 5042: 4979: 4961: 4951: 4946: 4916: 4911: 4900: 4898: 4877: 4851: 4790: 4780: 4748:, June 12, 2009 4738: 4733: 4726: 4722: 4713: 4712: 4708: 4699: 4698: 4694: 4685: 4684: 4680: 4670: 4668: 4653: 4649: 4632: 4625: 4617: 4613: 4604: 4602: 4593: 4592: 4588: 4579: 4577: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4553: 4551: 4540: 4536: 4521: 4520: 4516: 4508: 4504: 4497: 4487:Insomniac Press 4474: 4470: 4449: 4440: 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823: 813:or defeat in a 801:of the elected 791:executive power 739: 737:Executive power 709: 697: 685: 641: 561: 558: 499: 470: 466:Other countries 453: 451: 445: 444: 365: 347: 290: 276: 253: 252: 251: 219: 218: 197: 179: 159: 127: 114: 103: 97: 94: 51: 49: 39: 27: 12: 11: 5: 5945: 5935: 5934: 5917: 5916: 5914: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5873: 5868: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5848: 5842: 5840: 5836: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5826: 5824: 5823:Current issues 5820: 5819: 5817: 5816: 5811: 5809:Past elections 5806: 5800: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5788: 5781: 5779:Public Benefit 5776: 5769: 5764: 5757: 5750: 5743: 5736: 5729: 5722: 5715: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5691: 5684: 5677: 5672: 5665: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5644:New Democratic 5641: 5635: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5624: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5607: 5605: 5599: 5598: 5596: 5595: 5590: 5584: 5582: 5576: 5575: 5573: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5556: 5554: 5548: 5547: 5545: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5528: 5526: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5503: 5497: 5496: 5489: 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4764: 4756: 4750: 4749: 4737: 4736:External links 4734: 4732: 4731: 4720: 4706: 4692: 4678: 4647: 4623: 4611: 4586: 4561: 4548:torontosun.com 4534: 4514: 4512:, p. 388. 4502: 4495: 4489:. p. 37. 4477:Howard Hampton 4468: 4438: 4418: 4396: 4374: 4352: 4330: 4327:on 2012-10-04. 4312: 4284: 4252: 4223: 4207:settlement.org 4194: 4168: 4142: 4114: 4085: 4079: 4052: 4033: 3992: 3962: 3956: 3930: 3904: 3871: 3858:(1): 108–125. 3838: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3742: 3741: 3727: 3711: 3708: 3707: 3706: 3700: 3679: 3673: 3652: 3649: 3648: 3647: 3629: 3610: 3591: 3524: 3521: 3497:Mike Schreiner 3478: 3475: 3463:Kathleen Wynne 3373: 3370: 3303:Main article: 3300: 3297: 3265: 3262: 3234:auto insurance 3208: 3205: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3161: 3158: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3137: 3136: 3133: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3114: 3112: 3104: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3082: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3062: 3061: 3058: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025:New Democratic 3020: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2978: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2914: 2902: 2899: 2891:David Peterson 2862: 2856: 2820: 2817:β€œBland works.” 2814: 2811: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2768: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2740:PC Independent 2736: 2735: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2704: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2667: 2666: 2664: 2662: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2636: 2634: 2631:Liberal-Labour 2626: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2556: 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959: 956: 954: 951: 948: 947: 932: 929: 924: 920: 919: 916: 910: 900:Superior court 891: 869: 868: 862: 859: 854: 848: 847: 844: 841: 838: 822: 821:Judicial power 819: 738: 735: 728:His Majesty's 708: 705: 696: 693: 684: 681: 640: 637: 629:Judith Guichon 557: 554: 501: 500: 498: 497: 490: 483: 475: 472: 471: 469: 468: 462: 447: 446: 443: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 407: 402: 397: 392: 387: 382: 376: 375: 372: 371: 367: 366: 364: 363: 357: 354: 353: 349: 348: 346: 345: 343:Shadow cabinet 340: 323: 322: 316: 302: 299: 298: 292: 291: 289: 288: 283: 277: 275: 274: 269: 264: 254: 250: 249: 244: 239: 237:New Democratic 234: 228: 227: 226: 220: 217: 216: 206: 191: 188: 187: 181: 180: 178: 177: 164: 152: 149: 148: 142: 141: 138: 137: 129: 128: 123: 116: 115: 98:September 2010 30: 28: 21: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5944: 5933: 5930: 5929: 5927: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5872: 5869: 5867: 5864: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 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4854: 4848: 4845: 4843: 4840: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4818: 4817:New Brunswick 4815: 4813: 4810: 4808: 4805: 4803: 4800: 4799: 4797: 4793: 4788: 4784: 4777: 4772: 4770: 4765: 4763: 4758: 4757: 4754: 4747: 4743: 4740: 4739: 4729: 4724: 4716: 4710: 4702: 4696: 4688: 4682: 4666: 4662: 4658: 4651: 4643: 4642: 4637: 4630: 4628: 4621: 4615: 4600: 4596: 4590: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4550:. Toronto Sun 4549: 4545: 4538: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4518: 4511: 4506: 4498: 4496:1-894663-44-6 4492: 4488: 4484: 4483: 4478: 4472: 4464: 4460: 4459: 4454: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4435: 4431: 4427: 4422: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4406: 4400: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4384: 4378: 4371: 4367: 4363: 4362: 4356: 4349: 4345: 4341: 4340: 4334: 4326: 4322: 4316: 4308: 4304: 4303: 4298: 4291: 4289: 4280: 4276: 4275: 4270: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4227: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4198: 4183: 4179: 4172: 4157: 4153: 4146: 4131: 4127: 4126: 4118: 4103: 4099: 4098:www.leg.bc.ca 4095: 4089: 4083: 4067: 4063: 4056: 4048: 4042: 4037: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4003: 3996: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3966: 3960: 3944: 3940: 3934: 3918: 3914: 3908: 3889: 3882: 3875: 3866: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3842: 3834: 3819: 3812: 3805: 3801: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3743: 3739: 3733: 3728: 3725: 3724:Canada portal 3714: 3703: 3701:0-8020-7873-7 3697: 3693: 3688: 3687: 3680: 3676: 3674:0-7735-2758-3 3670: 3666: 3662: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3645: 3642:, which is a 3641: 3637: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3534: 3529: 3520: 3518: 3514: 3510: 3509:Patrick Brown 3505: 3500: 3498: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3474: 3470: 3468: 3467:2014 election 3464: 3459: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3433: 3429: 3424: 3422: 3418: 3417: 3410: 3408: 3404: 3398: 3395: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3379: 3378:2003 election 3369: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3345: 3337: 3335: 3331: 3330:1999 election 3326: 3324: 3320: 3319:Metro Toronto 3315: 3313: 3306: 3296: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3258:1995 election 3255: 3251: 3247: 3246:Buzz Hargrove 3243: 3238: 3235: 3230: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3219:snap election 3214: 3204: 3201: 3197: 3196:1987 election 3192: 3189: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3134: 3131: 3129: 3127: 3125: 3123: 3121: 3119: 3117: 3115: 3113: 3111: 3110: 3101: 3098: 3095: 3092: 3089: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3068: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3026: 3017: 3014: 3011: 3008: 3005: 3002: 2999: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2985: 2984: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2918: 2913: 2910: 2909: 2898: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2886:1985 election 2883: 2879: 2870: 2866: 2861: 2855: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2824: 2819: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2773: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2760: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2696: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2674: 2673: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2635: 2633: 2632: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 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