464:
64:
412:
576:
568:
1603:
48:
165:
831:
From the beginning of the 20th century the port of
Mindelo lost its importance for transatlantic navigation. Causes for this were the shift from coal to oil as fuel for ships, the rise of competing ports like Dakar and the Canary Islands and the lack of investment in port infrastructure. Due to its
151:
152:
154:
153:
150:
149:
148:
147:
100:
789:
started hunting whales around the Azores and the Cape Verde
Islands. They used the harbours of Brava to stock up on supplies and drinking water. They hired men from Brava as sailors, and several of these settled around the Massachusetts whaling port of
101:
125:
99:
126:
123:
122:
124:
146:
660:) on the south coast of Santiago. The settlement became a key port of call for Portuguese colonisation in both Africa and South America. In the 16th and 17th centuries, it was a centre of maritime trade of points among Africa, the
463:
144:
98:
121:
890:
Cape Verde
Islanders had higher educational levels and were often appointed to low-level administrative posts in Portuguese territories. Thereby they acquired a reputation of loyalty to Lisbon.
879:
between the
Portuguese government and the PAIGC, recognising the independence of Guinea-Bissau and the right to independence of Cape Verde. On 5 July 1975, at Praia, Portugal's Prime Minister
1117:
145:
96:
119:
836:
occurred in 1941–43 and 1947–48, killing an estimated 45,000 people. Several thousands of islanders emigrated, for instance accepting contract labour on the cocoa plantations of
868:
515:
3530:
387:
97:
1202:"Managing the Prospect of Famine. Cape Verdean Officials, Subsistence Emergencies, and the Change of Elite Attitudes During Portugal's Late Colonial Phase, 1939-1961"
871:(PAIGC). However, there was no armed conflict in Cape Verde, and ultimately independence for Cape Verde resulted from negotiation with Portugal after the April 1974
120:
711:
3805:
738:, who were often, but not always, of Jewish origin. Most married or had unions with African women, creating close trade ties with their families and clans.
1344:
3800:
3810:
746:
The riches of
Ribeira Grande and conflicts between Portugal and rival colonial powers France and Britain attracted pirate attacks, including those by
522:
3497:
3487:
554:
63:
3815:
3523:
1243:
AntĂłnio Costa Pinto, "The transition to democracy and
Portugal's decolonization", in Stewart Lloyd-Jones and AntĂłnio Costa Pinto (eds., 2003).
832:
generally dry climate, Cape Verde has been struck by a series of drought-related famines between the 1580s and the 1950s. Two of Cape Verde's
1001:
1602:
1097:
3795:
1293:
1896:
3820:
3516:
1337:
904:
607:
3754:
1992:
1942:
837:
3482:
3705:
3368:
3378:
3278:
1276:
Alexander Keese, "The role of Cape
Verdeans in war mobilization and war prevention in Portugal's African empire, 1955-1965."
1252:
3690:
3785:
2545:
1330:
547:
3790:
3472:
987:
405:
3624:
3573:
3058:
1201:
848:
1020:
3477:
3388:
909:
3467:
777:
in 1680 covered much of the island of Fogo in ash, which forced many inhabitants to flee to the nearby island of
3337:
1153:
Brooks, George E. (2006). "Cabo Verde: Gulag of the South
Atlantic: Racism, Fishing Prohibitions, and Famines".
3780:
540:
443:
3291:
3252:
69:
3568:
3265:
3239:
211:
763:
282:
791:
751:
689:
618:
3639:
3578:
701:
693:
646:
642:
638:
697:
677:
672:. Due to its proximity to the African coast, it was an essential platform for the Atlantic trade of
242:
3665:
844:
823:, lined with grand colonial buildings and mansions. Slavery was abolished in Cape Verde in 1876.
653:. There is no evidence of human settlement on Cape Verde prior to the arrival of the Portuguese.
528:
1101:
3685:
3680:
3660:
3347:
2792:
2438:
766:
in 1587-93, Ribeira Grande remained vulnerable and went into decline. The capital was moved to
488:
392:
270:
47:
3749:
3539:
3146:
1765:
1722:
899:
452:
1265:
Acordo entre o governo
Português e o Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde
3675:
3614:
2916:
2451:
1663:
872:
833:
722:
708:
626:
622:
498:
493:
230:
8:
3670:
3609:
3314:
2936:
342:
204:
721:
Jews forced to accept baptism and conversion to
Christianity but considered suspect, to
594:
from the initial settlement of the Cape Verde Islands in 1462 until the independence of
85:
2847:
1428:
1226:
1182:
759:
53:
1264:
880:
630:
3734:
3724:
3715:
3700:
2733:
2016:
2009:
1963:
1838:
1732:
1474:
1415:
1353:
1248:
1186:
1155:
852:
778:
673:
661:
591:
575:
567:
483:
334:
184:
179:
1230:
860:
3759:
3744:
3739:
3563:
3492:
2982:
2958:
2926:
2378:
1973:
1218:
1172:
1164:
1076:
1066:
681:
1055:"Damage from lava flows: insights from the 2014–2015 eruption of Fogo, Cape Verde"
884:
3304:
3226:
2580:
1562:
815:
798:
755:
1040:
975:
956:"Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande - UNESCO World Heritage Centre"
3695:
3634:
3619:
2857:
2696:
2139:
2099:
1795:
1523:
1402:
1132:"Ending Slavery in Cabo Verde: Between Manumission and Emancipation, 1856-1876"
988:
Inventário dos recursos turĂsticos do municĂpio de Ribeira Brava de SĂŁo Nicolau
810:
1222:
1118:
Génese e desenvolvimento da cidade do Mindelo: a preservação de uma identidade
1071:
1054:
864:
3774:
2706:
2662:
2293:
2180:
1461:
1308:
1295:
856:
786:
747:
358:
108:
3057:
1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent
2883:
2243:
2063:
1775:
1131:
774:
657:
650:
133:
1168:
621:(Son of King John I) and Antonio Noli, in the service of Henry's relative
3169:
2649:
2626:
2613:
2359:
2223:
2129:
1024:
634:
296:
3508:
1675:
1281:
912:(archives in Lisbon documenting Portuguese Empire, including Cape Verde)
734:
726:
3437:
3411:
3013:
2963:
2303:
2263:
1886:
1818:
1209:
1081:
595:
430:
1686:
955:
2672:
2482:
1536:
1510:
1438:
1177:
820:
716:
669:
1322:
164:
3599:
3553:
3159:
2906:
2769:
2746:
2723:
2570:
2534:
2154:
1785:
1549:
353:
3424:
942:
608:
History of Cape Verde § Portuguese discovery and colonisation
3655:
3629:
3604:
3558:
3107:
3036:
2993:
2870:
2603:
2497:
2200:
2149:
1929:
1860:
1808:
1755:
1451:
876:
802:
782:
859:
to the goal of liberation in Cape Verde. For instance, in 1956,
819:
of Praia was completely redeveloped with streets according to a
656:
In 1462, the Portuguese founded the town of Ribeira Grande (now
3594:
3121:
2896:
2590:
2423:
2402:
2253:
2158:
2119:
2109:
1907:
1849:
1709:
1642:
1575:
1497:
665:
587:
175:
2036:
3003:
2639:
2560:
2510:
2389:
2283:
2273:
2190:
2170:
2086:
2076:
2002:
1828:
1696:
1392:
767:
685:
194:
2233:
945:, Lourenço Conceição Gomes, Universidade Portucalense, 2008
869:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
806:
516:
African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde
3061:. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
1245:
The Last Empire: Thirty Years of Portuguese Decolonization
2464:
729:, and Cape Verde. They were allowed to engage in trade.
625:. The southeastern islands, including the largest island
1002:"Judeus ibéricos deportados a São Tomé entre 1492-1497"
617:
The islands of Cape Verde were discovered in 1444 by
3078:
1278:
International journal of African historical studies
1129:
883:turned over power to National Assembly President
3772:
523:African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde
3498:Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia
3488:Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago
3199:
999:
813:routes. In the course of the 19th century, the
801:took a rise from around 1800. The port city of
579:Proposed flag for Portuguese Cape Verde (1965)
571:Proposed flag for Portuguese Cape Verde (1932)
3806:States and territories disestablished in 1975
3524:
1338:
1120:, Fred Yanick Fonseca Delgado, 2016, p. 76-80
1089:
1052:
1036:
1034:
948:
875:. In August 1974, an agreement was signed in
548:
1053:S. F. Jenkins; et al. (20 March 2017).
1021:"Jews in Cape Verde and on the Guinea Coast"
943:Valor simbĂłlico do centro histĂłrico da Praia
3801:States and territories established in 1462
3531:
3517:
1345:
1331:
1113:
1111:
1031:
1018:
797:The exploitation of salt on the island of
676:. Other early Portuguese settlements were
555:
541:
163:
3811:Populated places established in the 1460s
3538:
2820:
1176:
1080:
1070:
809:depot was established to supply ships on
905:List of colonial governors of Cape Verde
574:
566:
3483:Portuguese colonization of the Americas
1108:
1095:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
855:often linked the goal of liberation of
732:Free-lance traders were referred to as
3773:
1615:
1152:
1146:
1046:
1006:Morashá: História Judaica Moderna (79)
741:
3816:15th-century establishments in Africa
3512:
3198:
3077:
2819:
2330:
2035:
1614:
1364:
1352:
1326:
1199:
1193:
969:
887:, and Cape Verde became independent.
847:, those planning and fighting in the
637:. The remaining northwestern islands
3208:
3087:
2829:
2340:
2045:
2005:) and small temporary coastal bases.
1624:
1374:
1267:, Centro de Documentação 25 de Abril
923:
781:. From the end of the 18th century,
649:were discovered in 1461 or 1462 by
31:ProvĂncia Ultramarina de Cabo Verde
16:1462–1975 Portuguese colony in the
13:
3473:Evolution of the Portuguese Empire
990:, Direcção Geral do Turismo, p. 16
981:
14:
3832:
3796:Portuguese colonisation in Africa
1897:São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin
843:In the lead-up to and during the
3821:1975 disestablishments in Africa
3478:Portuguese colonial architecture
3079:North America and North Atlantic
1943:Portuguese SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1601:
1365:
838:Portuguese SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
805:grew rapidly after 1838, when a
462:
410:
385:
142:
117:
94:
62:
46:
3468:Armorial of Portuguese colonies
1270:
1258:
1237:
1136:Journal of Cape Verdean Studies
1123:
976:Centre historique de SĂŁo Filipe
826:
762:). Despite the construction of
612:
27:Overseas Province of Cape Verde
2331:
1059:Journal of Applied Volcanology
1012:
993:
1:
2498:Portuguese Paliacate outpost
916:
910:Arquivo HistĂłrico Ultramarino
629:, were discovered in 1460 by
3240:Captaincy Colonies of Brazil
3033: • 1938–1941
3010: • 1890–1999
3000: • 1851–1999
2990: • 1864–1999
2890: • 1578–1650
2877: • 1576–1605
2864: • 1522–1575
2789: • 1779–1954
2766: • 1687–1749
2703: • 1598–1610
2693: • 1579–1632
2669: • 1568–1659
2659: • 1559–1961
2646: • 1548–1658
2636: • 1540–1612
2623: • 1536–1662
2610: • 1535–1739
2587: • 1534–1661
2577: • 1534–1601
2567: • 1531–1571
2557: • 1531–1571
2541: • 1528–1666
2531: • 1523–1662
2507: • 1521–1740
2494: • 1518–1619
2461: • 1510–1961
2448: • 1507–1657
2435: • 1502–1661
2413: • 1502–1658
2399: • 1501–1663
2386: • 1500–1663
773:The eruption of the volcano
7:
3706:Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
3200:South America and Caribbean
1130:Lumumba H. Shabaka (2015).
893:
688:on Santiago (before 1516),
10:
3837:
3786:Former Portuguese colonies
3348:Nova ColĂłnia do Sacramento
2427:(CoulĂŁo / Kollam)
1498:Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué
1098:"A History of Ilha do Sal"
1041:Centre historique de Praia
668:in South America, and the
619:Prince Henry the Navigator
605:
601:
3791:Former colonies in Africa
3714:
3648:
3587:
3546:
3463:
3205:
3194:
3084:
3073:
2826:
2815:
2549:(Porto Grande De Bengala)
2337:
2326:
2042:
2031:
1621:
1610:
1599:
1371:
1360:
1223:10.1017/S0165115312000368
1200:Keese, Alexander (2012).
1072:10.1186/s13617-017-0057-6
684:(between 1470 and 1490),
426:
364:
352:
330:
326:
316:
306:
302:
292:
288:
276:
266:• 1588–1591 (first)
264:
260:
252:
248:
236:
226:• 1462–1481 (first)
224:
220:
210:
200:
190:
171:
162:
80:
42:
37:
25:
1000:Reuven Faingold (2013).
764:Forte Real de SĂŁo Filipe
696:(mid 16th century), and
278:• 1974–1975 (last)
238:• 1974–1975 (last)
3379:Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
3298: • 1621–1815
3285: • 1578–1607
3272: • 1572–1578
3259: • 1572–1578
3246: • 1549–1572
3233: • 1534–1549
2600: • 1535
2472: • 1512–1525
2140:Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
845:Portuguese Colonial War
707:Between 1492 and 1497,
529:Portuguese Colonial War
3369:Grão-Pará and Maranhão
2793:Dadra and Nagar Haveli
580:
572:
489:Immigration to the USA
393:Uninhabited Cape Verde
3781:Portuguese Cape Verde
3540:Provinces of Portugal
3059:invasion by Indonesia
2821:East Asia and Oceania
1993:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
1766:Portuguese Mozambique
1723:Portuguese Gold Coast
1280:40.3 (2007): 497-511
1169:10.1353/hia.2006.0008
900:History of Cape Verde
578:
570:
507:Independence struggle
479:Portuguese Cape Verde
201:Common languages
873:Carnation Revolution
709:Manuel I of Portugal
499:Famine in Cape Verde
494:Atlantic slave trade
318:• Independence
3755:SĂŁo TomĂ© e PrĂncipe
3569:Entre Douro e Minho
1712:(SĂŁo Jorge da Mina)
1563:SĂŁo JoĂŁo da Mamora
1405:(El Qsar es Seghir)
1305: /
1104:on 6 February 2016.
742:16th—19th centuries
308:• Established
114:Hymn of the Charter
3716:Overseas provinces
3547:Medieval provinces
3425:Portuguese Guiana
3389:MaranhĂŁo and PiauĂ
3037:Lapa and Montanha
2848:Portuguese Malacca
2734:Portuguese Ceylon
2688:(Portuguese India)
2526:(Portuguese India)
2157: •
1616:Sub-Saharan Africa
1247:(Intellect Books,
1027:on 25 August 2012.
834:worst-ever famines
581:
573:
3768:
3767:
3649:Provinces of 1936
3588:Provinces of 1832
3506:
3505:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3452:
3446:
3445:
3394:
3393:
3353:
3352:
3320:
3319:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3183:
3175:
3174:
3129:
3128:
3069:
3068:
3052:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3027:Portuguese Macau
3019:
3018:
2972:
2971:
2942:
2941:
2811:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2783:Portuguese India
2775:
2774:
2760:Portuguese India
2752:
2751:
2715:
2714:
2678:
2677:
2516:
2515:
2370:
2369:
2360:Laccadive Islands
2322:
2321:
2316:
2315:
2309:
2308:
2206:
2205:
2027:
2026:
2017:Portuguese Angola
2010:Portuguese Guinea
1986:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1964:Portuguese Guinea
1948:
1947:
1914:
1913:
1869:
1868:
1839:Portuguese Angola
1738:
1737:
1733:Mascarene Islands
1597:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1480:
1479:
1448:1487–16th century
1354:Portuguese Empire
1253:978-1-84150-109-3
1156:History in Africa
853:Portuguese Guinea
680:on the island of
674:enslaved Africans
662:Cape of Good Hope
592:Portuguese Empire
565:
564:
484:Portuguese Empire
436:
435:
422:
421:
418:
417:
398:
397:
243:F. da Costa Gomes
185:Portuguese Empire
180:Overseas province
155:
127:
102:
3828:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3510:
3509:
3493:Portuguese India
3441:
3428:
3415:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3303:
3290:
3277:
3264:
3251:
3238:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3209:
3196:
3195:
3150:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3088:
3075:
3074:
3040:
3030:
3029:
3025:
2987:
2986:
2983:Portuguese Macau
2980:
2968:
2967:
2959:Portuguese Timor
2951:
2950:
2948:
2895:
2882:
2869:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2830:
2817:
2816:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2737:
2717:
2716:
2710:
2682:
2681:
2653:
2630:
2617:
2594:
2550:
2520:
2519:
2501:
2487:
2476:
2455:
2442:
2441:(Cochin de Cima)
2428:
2417:
2406:
2393:
2383:
2382:
2379:Portuguese India
2376:
2364:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2341:
2328:
2327:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2162:
2090:
2067:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2046:
2033:
2032:
1974:Portuguese Congo
1957:
1956:
1954:
1933:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1910:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1864:
1852:
1799:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1713:
1700:
1678:
1666:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1625:
1612:
1611:
1605:
1579:
1566:
1553:
1540:
1527:
1526:(Souira Guedima)
1514:
1501:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1465:
1442:
1419:
1406:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1375:
1362:
1361:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1285:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1206:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1180:
1150:
1144:
1143:
1127:
1121:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1100:. Archived from
1093:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1074:
1050:
1044:
1038:
1029:
1028:
1023:. Archived from
1019:Richard Lobban.
1016:
1010:
1009:
997:
991:
985:
979:
973:
967:
966:
964:
962:
952:
946:
940:
557:
550:
543:
471:Colonial history
466:
456:
438:
437:
414:
413:
402:
401:
389:
388:
382:
381:
366:
365:
283:V. Almeida d'Eça
167:
157:
156:
129:
128:
104:
103:
91:Patriotic Anthem
86:Hymno PatriĂłtico
66:
50:
23:
22:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3771:
3770:
3769:
3764:
3740:Estado da ĂŤndia
3710:
3644:
3583:
3542:
3537:
3507:
3502:
3455:
3454:
3439:
3426:
3413:
3398:
3355:
3324:
3301:
3288:
3275:
3262:
3249:
3236:
3213:
3201:
3186:
3185:
3148:
3133:
3092:
3080:
3065:
3064:
3053:
3038:
3026:
3021:
2981:
2976:
2961:
2957:
2944:
2893:
2880:
2867:
2834:
2822:
2807:
2806:
2782:
2777:
2759:
2754:
2735:
2709:(Machilipatnam)
2708:
2651:
2628:
2615:
2592:
2581:Salsette Island
2552:
2548:
2547:
2499:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2453:
2440:
2430:
2426:
2425:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2404:
2391:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2345:
2333:
2318:
2317:
2210:
2152:
2088:
2065:
2050:
2038:
2023:
2022:
2019:from the 1920s.
1987:
1950:
1931:
1916:
1906:
1873:
1862:
1848:
1797:
1742:
1711:
1698:
1674:
1662:
1629:
1617:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1577:
1564:
1551:
1538:
1525:
1512:
1499:
1484:
1463:
1440:
1417:
1404:
1403:Alcácer Ceguer
1379:
1367:
1356:
1351:
1313:
1311:
1309:14.92°N 23.51°W
1307:
1304:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1275:
1271:
1263:
1259:
1242:
1238:
1204:
1198:
1194:
1151:
1147:
1128:
1124:
1116:
1109:
1094:
1090:
1051:
1047:
1039:
1032:
1017:
1013:
998:
994:
986:
982:
974:
970:
960:
958:
954:
953:
949:
941:
924:
919:
896:
881:Vasco Gonçalves
829:
756:Jacques Cassard
744:
631:AntĂłnio de Noli
615:
610:
604:
561:
525:
518:
454:
447:
411:
386:
341:
319:
309:
279:
271:D. LĂ´bo da Gama
267:
239:
227:
182:
158:
143:
137:
131:
130:
118:
112:
106:
105:
95:
89:
76:
75:
74:
71:
67:
59:
58:
55:
51:
33:
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
3834:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3721:
3719:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3666:Baixo Alentejo
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3640:Trás-os-Montes
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3579:Trás-os-Montes
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3536:
3535:
3528:
3521:
3513:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3435:
3431:
3430:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3409:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3366:
3351:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3299:
3295:
3294:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3279:Rio de Janeiro
3273:
3269:
3268:
3260:
3256:
3255:
3247:
3243:
3242:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3207:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3167:
3163:
3162:
3157:
3153:
3152:
3149:(Newfoundland)
3144:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3103:
3086:
3085:
3082:
3081:
3071:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3034:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2955:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2873:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2790:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2686:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2647:
2643:
2642:
2637:
2633:
2632:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2611:
2607:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2503:
2495:
2491:
2490:
2481:
2479:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2432:
2431:
2422:
2420:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2395:
2387:
2368:
2367:
2358:
2356:
2339:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2147:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2066:(Bandar Abbas)
2061:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1996:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1935:
1927:
1912:
1911:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1802:
1801:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1703:
1702:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1680:
1679:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1573:
1569:
1568:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1529:
1521:
1517:
1516:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1495:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1358:
1357:
1350:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1327:
1287:
1286:
1269:
1257:
1236:
1192:
1145:
1122:
1107:
1088:
1045:
1030:
1011:
992:
980:
968:
947:
921:
920:
918:
915:
914:
913:
907:
902:
895:
892:
849:armed conflict
828:
825:
743:
740:
690:Ribeira Grande
614:
611:
606:Main article:
603:
600:
563:
562:
560:
559:
552:
545:
537:
534:
533:
532:
531:
526:
521:
519:
514:
509:
508:
504:
503:
502:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
473:
472:
468:
467:
459:
458:
449:
448:
441:
434:
433:
428:
424:
423:
420:
419:
416:
415:
408:
399:
396:
395:
390:
378:
377:
372:
362:
361:
356:
350:
349:
332:
328:
327:
324:
323:
320:
317:
314:
313:
310:
307:
304:
303:
300:
299:
294:
293:Historical era
290:
289:
286:
285:
280:
277:
274:
273:
268:
265:
262:
261:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
246:
245:
240:
237:
234:
233:
228:
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
214:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
173:
169:
168:
160:
159:
141:
139:The Portuguese
116:
93:
78:
77:
68:
61:
60:
52:
45:
44:
43:
40:
39:
35:
34:
29:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3833:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3776:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3722:
3720:
3718:added in 1951
3717:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3686:Douro Litoral
3684:
3682:
3681:Beira Litoral
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3661:Alto Alentejo
3659:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3541:
3534:
3529:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3511:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3449:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3419:
3416:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3370:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3287:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3274:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3211:
3210:
3204:
3197:
3193:
3180:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3104:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3083:
3076:
3072:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2995:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2965:
2960:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2898:
2892:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2872:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2832:
2831:
2825:
2818:
2814:
2801:
2794:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2711:
2707:Masulipatnam
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:Daman and Diu
2661:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2652:(Thoothukudi)
2648:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2631:
2629:(Kodungallur)
2625:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2616:(Vasai-Virar)
2612:
2609:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2502:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2480:
2470:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2456:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2429:
2421:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2365:
2363:(Lakshadweep)
2357:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2336:
2329:
2325:
2312:
2305:
2304:Bandar-e Kong
2302:
2299:
2298:
2295:
2294:Dibba Al-Hisn
2292:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2208:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2034:
2030:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1909:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1697:Fernando Poo
1695:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1613:
1609:
1604:
1587:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1370:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1314:14.92; -23.51
1283:
1279:
1273:
1266:
1261:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1240:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1142:(1): 109–132.
1141:
1137:
1133:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1103:
1099:
1096:Ray Almeida.
1092:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1007:
1003:
996:
989:
984:
977:
972:
957:
951:
944:
939:
937:
935:
933:
931:
929:
927:
922:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
897:
891:
888:
886:
885:AbĂlio Duarte
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
857:Guinea-Bissau
854:
850:
846:
841:
839:
835:
824:
822:
818:
817:
812:
808:
804:
800:
795:
793:
788:
787:North America
784:
780:
776:
771:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
748:Francis Drake
739:
737:
736:
730:
728:
724:
720:
718:
714:thousands of
713:
710:
705:
703:
699:
698:Ribeira Brava
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
654:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:King Afonso V
620:
609:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
577:
569:
558:
553:
551:
546:
544:
539:
538:
536:
535:
530:
527:
524:
520:
517:
513:
512:
511:
510:
506:
505:
500:
497:
495:
492:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
476:
475:
474:
470:
469:
465:
461:
460:
457:
451:
450:
445:
440:
439:
432:
429:
427:Today part of
425:
409:
407:
404:
403:
400:
394:
391:
384:
383:
380:
379:
376:
373:
371:
368:
367:
363:
360:
357:
355:
354:ISO 3166 code
351:
347:
346:
343:Cape Verdean
339:
338:
335:Cape Verdean
333:
329:
325:
321:
315:
311:
305:
301:
298:
295:
291:
287:
284:
281:
275:
272:
269:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
244:
241:
235:
232:
229:
223:
219:
215:
213:
212:Head of state
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
193:
189:
186:
181:
177:
174:
170:
166:
161:
140:
135:
115:
111:" (1826–1910)
110:
109:Hino da Carta
92:
87:
83:
79:
73:
65:
57:
49:
41:
36:
32:
24:
20:Verde Islands
19:
3729:
3447:
3400:19th century
3399:
3397:
3357:18th century
3356:
3354:
3326:17th century
3325:
3323:
3215:16th century
3214:
3212:
3178:
3135:16th century
3134:
3132:
3120:
3119:
3106:
3105:
3094:15th century
3093:
3091:
3046:
3023:20th century
3022:
3020:
2978:19th century
2977:
2975:
2946:17th century
2945:
2943:
2836:16th century
2835:
2833:
2799:
2779:18th century
2778:
2776:
2756:17th century
2755:
2753:
2454:(Nagapatnam)
2374:16th century
2373:
2371:
2347:15th century
2346:
2344:
2310:
2212:17th century
2211:
2209:
2181:Tarut Island
2052:16th century
2051:
2049:
2037:Middle East
2003:Anosy Region
1980:
1952:19th century
1951:
1949:
1918:18th century
1917:
1915:
1875:17th century
1874:
1872:
1776:Saint Helena
1744:16th century
1743:
1741:
1652:
1631:15th century
1630:
1628:
1585:
1486:16th century
1485:
1483:
1381:15th century
1380:
1378:
1366:North Africa
1290:
1277:
1272:
1260:
1255:) pp. 22–24.
1244:
1239:
1217:(1): 49–69.
1214:
1208:
1195:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1139:
1135:
1125:
1102:the original
1091:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1025:the original
1014:
1005:
995:
983:
971:
959:. Retrieved
950:
889:
867:founded the
842:
830:
827:20th century
814:
796:
775:Pico do Fogo
772:
745:
733:
731:
715:
706:
658:Cidade Velha
655:
651:Diogo Afonso
616:
613:15th century
583:
582:
478:
375:Succeeded by
374:
369:
344:
340:(until 1914)
336:
138:
134:A Portuguesa
113:
90:
81:
70:Coat of arms
30:
17:
3691:Estremadura
3676:Beira Baixa
3625:Estremadura
3615:Beira Baixa
3574:Estremadura
3438:Upper Peru
3412:Cisplatina
3170:Nova Scotia
3147:Terra Nova
2736:(Sri Lanka)
2627:Cranganore
2486:(Kozhikode)
2439:Pallipuram
2224:Khor Fakkan
2177:1521?–1551?
2001:A factory (
1539:(El Jadida)
1513:(Essaouira)
1441:(El Jadida)
1312: /
1163:: 101–135.
1082:10356/85772
961:14 November
865:LuĂs Cabral
792:New Bedford
785:ships from
702:SĂŁo Nicolau
694:Santo AntĂŁo
647:Santo AntĂŁo
643:SĂŁo Vicente
639:SĂŁo Nicolau
635:Diogo Gomes
453:History of
370:Preceded by
348:(from 1914)
322:5 July 1975
297:Imperialism
136:" (1910–75)
88:" (1808–26)
72:(1951–1975)
56:(1910–1975)
3775:Categories
3750:Moçambique
3730:Cabo Verde
3671:Beira Alta
3610:Beira Alta
3166:1516–1579?
3156:1500–1579?
3143:1500–1579?
3014:Ilha Verde
2964:East Timor
2650:Tuticorin
2546:Chittagong
2452:Negapatam
2403:Cannanore
2332:South Asia
2167:1521–1529?
2136:1515–1633?
2012:from 1879.
1995:from 1753.
1887:Ziguinchor
1819:Madagascar
1653:Cape Verde
1552:(Azemmour)
1210:Itinerario
917:References
678:SĂŁo Filipe
596:Cape Verde
584:Cape Verde
455:Cape Verde
431:Cape Verde
406:Cape Verde
205:Portuguese
3440:(Bolivia)
3421:1809–1817
3414:(Uruguay)
3408:1808–1822
3385:1772–1775
3375:1772–1775
3365:1751–1772
3344:1680–1777
3334:1621–1751
3311:1536–1620
3223:1500–1822
3039:(Hengqin)
2954:1642–1975
2933:1580–1586
2923:1557–1999
2917:Larantuka
2913:1515–1859
2903:1512–1665
2854:1512–1621
2844:1511–1641
2743:1558–1573
2730:1518–1658
2720:1518–1521
2673:Mangalore
2500:(Pulicat)
2418:1659–1661
2355:1498–1545
2290:1624–1648
2240:1621–1622
2197:1588–1648
2187:1550–1551
2146:1521–1602
2116:1515–1650
2096:1515–1648
2083:1515–1622
2073:1507–1643
2060:1506–1615
1970:1885–1974
1960:1879–1974
1939:1753–1975
1932:(Mombasa)
1930:Mombassa
1926:1728–1729
1903:1687–1974
1893:1680–1961
1883:1645–1888
1863:(Mombasa)
1861:Mombassa
1857:1593–1698
1845:1588–1974
1835:1575–1975
1825:1557–1578
1815:1508–1547
1805:1506–1511
1792:1505–1512
1782:1503–1698
1772:1502–1659
1762:1501–1975
1752:1500–1630
1729:1498–1540
1719:1482–1642
1706:1482–1637
1693:1478–1778
1683:1474–1778
1671:1471–1975
1659:1470–1975
1649:1462–1975
1639:1455–1633
1572:1577–1589
1559:1515–1541
1546:1513–1541
1533:1506–1769
1520:1506–1525
1507:1506–1525
1494:1505–1541
1458:1488–1541
1435:1485–1550
1425:1471–1662
1412:1471–1550
1399:1458–1550
1389:1415–1640
1187:162287310
1178:2022/3269
821:grid plan
770:in 1770.
717:conversos
670:Caribbean
598:in 1975.
38:1462–1975
3701:Ribatejo
3600:Alentejo
3554:Alentejo
3338:MaranhĂŁo
3315:Barbados
3160:Labrador
2937:Nagasaki
2907:Makassar
2770:Mylapore
2747:Maldives
2724:Maldives
2593:(Mumbai)
2535:Mylapore
2405:(Kannur)
2155:Muharraq
2015:Part of
2008:Part of
1998:Or 1600.
1991:Part of
1786:Zanzibar
1676:PrĂncipe
1664:São Tomé
1578:(Asilah)
1565:(Mehdya)
1537:Mazagan
1511:Mogador
1500:(Agadir)
1475:Graciosa
1439:Mazagan
1418:(Asilah)
1231:59064950
1043:, UNESCO
978:, UNESCO
894:See also
811:Atlantic
735:lançados
727:PrĂncipe
723:São Tomé
704:(1653).
627:Santiago
444:a series
442:Part of
331:Currency
253:Governor
231:Afonso V
3656:Algarve
3630:Madeira
3605:Algarve
3559:Algarve
3427:(Amapá)
3108:Madeira
2994:Coloane
2871:Ternate
2614:BaçaĂm
2604:Ponnani
2591:Bombay
2483:Calicut
2392:(Kochi)
2390:Cochim
2300:1624?–?
2264:Libedia
2230:1621?–?
2150:Bahrain
2126:1515?–?
2100:Quriyat
2089:(Ormus)
2087:Hormuz
1809:Socotra
1798:(Kilwa)
1796:QuĂloa
1756:Malindi
1710:Elmina
1699:(Bioko)
1687:AnnobĂłn
1576:Arzila
1550:Azamor
1452:Ouadane
1429:Tangier
1416:Arzila
1300:23°31′W
1297:14°55′N
877:Algiers
861:AmĂlcar
816:Plateau
803:Mindelo
783:whaling
602:History
590:of the
191:Capital
183:of the
84: "
82:Anthem:
3725:Angola
3595:Açores
3448:
3305:Brazil
3302:
3292:Brazil
3289:
3276:
3263:
3253:Brazil
3250:
3237:
3227:Brazil
3179:
3122:Azores
3047:
2897:Tidore
2894:
2881:
2868:
2858:Maluku
2800:
2685:
2523:
2475:
2424:Quilon
2416:
2311:
2280:1624–?
2270:1624–?
2260:1623–?
2254:Khasab
2250:1623–?
2234:As Sib
2220:1620–?
2201:Matrah
2159:Manama
2120:Muscat
2110:Qalhat
2106:1515–?
2064:Gamru
1981:
1908:Bissau
1850:Cacheu
1643:Arguim
1586:
1464:(Safi)
1462:Safim
1282:online
1251:
1229:
1185:
754:) and
712:exiled
666:Brazil
588:colony
586:was a
446:on the
345:escudo
256:
216:
176:Colony
172:Status
3760:Timor
3745:Macau
3735:Guiné
3696:Minho
3635:Minho
3620:Douro
3564:Beira
3266:Bahia
3004:Taipa
2927:Macau
2884:Ambon
2697:Hugli
2640:Surat
2571:Chalé
2561:Chaul
2511:Chaul
2284:Madha
2274:Kalba
2244:Qeshm
2191:Qatif
2171:Qatif
2130:Barka
2077:Sohar
1829:Accra
1524:Aguz
1393:Ceuta
1227:S2CID
1215:XXXVI
1205:(PDF)
1183:S2CID
779:Brava
768:Praia
686:Praia
195:Praia
3434:1822
3116:1432
3102:1420
2477:1750
1471:1489
1249:ISBN
963:2018
863:and
807:coal
760:1712
752:1585
682:Fogo
645:and
633:and
337:real
312:1462
54:Flag
18:Cabo
2465:Goa
1219:doi
1173:hdl
1165:doi
1077:hdl
1067:doi
851:in
799:Sal
700:on
692:on
3777::
1225:.
1213:.
1207:.
1181:.
1171:.
1161:33
1159:.
1138:.
1134:.
1110:^
1075:.
1065:.
1061:.
1057:.
1033:^
1004:.
925:^
840:.
794:.
725:,
664:,
641:,
359:CV
178:;
3532:e
3525:t
3518:v
2966:)
2962:(
2161:)
2153:(
1346:e
1339:t
1332:v
1284:.
1233:.
1221::
1189:.
1175::
1167::
1140:2
1085:.
1079::
1069::
1063:6
1008:.
965:.
758:(
750:(
719:,
556:e
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542:v
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107:"
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