2215:
59:
1604:
73:
4530:
4462:
1323:. Within five years, he had established dictatorial authority by both legal and extraordinary means, aspiring to create a totalitarian state. In 1925 the title of "President of the Council of Ministers" was changed into "Head of the Government, Prime Minister Secretary of State", symbolizing the new dictatorial powers of Mussolini. The convention that the prime minister was responsible to Parliament had become so entrenched that Mussolini had to pass a law stating that he was not responsible to Parliament.
47:
4768:
377:
1198:
4734:
1014:
4717:
4209:
4666:
4853:
4479:
4836:
4802:
1399:
1277:
4581:
4942:
4925:
4906:
4649:
4496:
4425:
4819:
4564:
4547:
4445:
4700:
4513:
4632:
1154:, the prime minister and other ministers were politically responsible to the king and legally responsible to Parliament. With time, it became all but impossible for a king to appoint a government entirely of his own choosing or keep it in office against the will of Parliament. As a result, in practice the prime minister was now both politically and legally responsible to Parliament, and had to maintain its confidence to stay in office.
1493:
417:
1251:, when he was prime minister and Minister of the Interior from 1901 to 1914 with only brief interruptions, is often called the Giolittian Era. A left-wing liberal with strong ethical concerns, Giolitti's periods in the office were notable for the passage of a wide range of progressive social reforms which improved the living standards of ordinary Italians, together with the enactment of several policies of government intervention.
4751:
4615:
4887:
4785:
4598:
4683:
4198:
4870:
2455:
1113:
1480:) investigation—demanded radical reforms. The scandals involved all major parties, but especially those in the government coalition: the Christian Democrats, who ruled for almost 50 years, underwent a severe crisis and eventually disbanded, splitting up into several factions. Moreover, the Communist Party was reorganised as a social-democratic force, the
1082:
past, in order to make a cabinet reshuffle, prime ministers have sometimes resigned so that they could be re-appointed by the president and allowed to form a new cabinet with new ministers. In order to do this the prime minister needs the support of the president, who could theoretically refuse to re-appoint them following their resignation.
1519:(Forward Italy) party and won the elections, becoming one of Italy's most important political and economic figures for the next decade. Berlusconi is also the longest-serving prime minister in the history of the Italian Republic and the third-longest serving in the whole history after Mussolini and Giolitti.
1081:
The prime minister's activity has often consisted of mediating between the various parties in the majority coalition, rather than directing the activity of the
Council of Ministers. The prime minister's supervisory power is further limited by the lack of any formal authority to fire ministers. In the
1180:
Originally an enlightened
Italian patriot and democrat liberal, Crispi went on to become a bellicose authoritarian prime minister, ally and admirer of Bismarck. His career ended amid controversy and failure due to becoming involved in a major banking scandal and subsequently fell from power in 1896
1070:
In addition to powers inherent in being a member of the
Cabinet, the prime minister holds specific powers, most notably being able to nominate a list of Cabinet ministers to be appointed by the president of the Republic and the countersigning of all legislative instruments having the force of law
1391:, the monarchy was abolished and De Gasperi became the first Prime Minister of the Italian Republic. The First Republic was dominated by the Christian Democracy which was the senior party in each government coalitions from 1946 to 1994 while the opposition was led by the
1432:), widespread social conflicts and terrorist massacres carried out by opposing extremist groups, with the alleged involvement of United States and Soviet intelligence. The Years of Lead culminated in the assassination of the Christian Democrat leader
1876:"Commissione parlamentare d'inchiesta sul terrorismo in Italia e sulle cause della mancata individuazione dei responsabili delle stragi (Parliamentary investigative commission on terrorism in Italy and the failure to identify the perpetrators)"
1219:, but after less than a year he was forced to resign and Crispi returned to power. In 1903, he was appointed again head of the government after a period of instability. Giolitti was prime minister five times between 1892 and 1921 and the
2037:
357:
lists the office as being, ceremonially, the fourth-highest
Italian state office after the president and the presiding officers of the two houses of parliament. In practice, the prime minister is the country's political leader and
1416:
After the death of De
Gasperi, Italy returned in a period of political instability and a lot of cabinets were formed in few decades. The second part of the 20th century was dominated by De Gasperi's protégé
1459:). However, the Christian Democrats remained the main government party. During Craxi's government, the economy recovered and Italy became the world's fifth-largest industrial nation, gaining entry into the
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
5577:
5247:
4933:
2029:
1074:
Article 95 of the
Italian constitution provides that the prime minister "directs and coordinates the activity of the ministers". This power has been used to a quite variable extent in the
4993:
1296:
The
Italian prime minister presided over a very unstable political system as in its first sixty years of existence (1861–1921) Italy changed its head of the government 37 times.
1165:. He led the country for six years from 1887 until 1891 and again from 1893 until 1896. Crispi was internationally famous and often mentioned along with world statesmen such as
5823:
5392:
4358:
4303:
4353:
4308:
1683:
1466:
In the early 1990s, Italy faced significant challenges as voters—disenchanted with political paralysis, massive public debt and the extensive corruption system (known as
1538:
and was elected prime minister for the third time in May 2008. In
November 2011, Berlusconi lost his majority in the Chamber of Deputies and resigned. His successor,
2134:
6298:
1958:
1751:"Attribuzioni e prerogative del capo del governo, primo ministro segretario di Stato (L.24 dicembre 1925, n. 2263 – N. 2531, in Gazz.uff., 29 dicembre, n. 301)"
6463:
5878:
4986:
1875:
942:
6288:
6093:
2190:
2099:
1678:
1220:
619:
1262:
criticized the "Giolittian System", although
Giolitti himself saw the development of the national economy as essential in the production of wealth.
4979:
1244:
did not develop as a structured party. They were instead a series of informal personal groupings with no formal links to political constituencies.
1174:
6534:
3268:
1357:
was appointed to the post of prime minister, restoring the old title of "President of the
Council of Ministers. Bonomi was briefly succeeded by
5863:
1630:
and the political parties, Conte was reappointed as prime minister, heading a government of the Five Star Movement and the Democratic Party of
1910:
3300:
5487:
5452:
3931:
3283:
557:
295:
Prior to the establishment of the Italian Republic, the position was called President of the Council of Ministers of the Kingdom of Italy (
1542:, formed a new government, composed of "technicians" and supported by both the center-left and the center-right. In April 2013, after the
5873:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
1042:
107:
1750:
694:
4245:
3895:
2825:
1615:
1463:, but as a result of his spending policies, the Italian national debt skyrocketed during the Craxi era, soon passing 100% of the GDP.
5708:
4029:
626:
1258:, subsidies and government projects, Giolitti also nationalized the private telephone and railroad operators. Liberal proponents of
6233:
3936:
1641:, led by former prime minister Renzi, withdrew its support to Conte's government. In February 2021, President Mattarella appointed
6413:
6278:
3501:
2322:
2307:
334:
becoming prime minister in 1943, although the original denomination of President of the Council was only restored in 1944, when
6433:
5362:
2713:
2183:
1570:
899:
891:
859:
851:
1771:
6605:
6403:
6128:
5753:
5497:
4179:
3342:
1388:
867:
641:
1409:
In the first years of the Republic, the governments were led by De Gasperi, who is also considered a founding father of the
6438:
5908:
5607:
5412:
5062:
4950:
4914:
4538:
3976:
3251:
3059:
883:
2116:
1315:
alone. After destroying all political opposition through his secret police and outlawing labor strikes, Mussolini and his
5953:
5938:
3305:
3168:
1204:, longest-serving democratically elected Prime Minister in Italian history, and the second-longest serving overall after
1097:
6238:
6113:
5883:
4024:
3609:
3236:
3069:
2830:
1966:
1078:
as it is strongly influenced by the political strength of individual ministers and thus by the parties they represent.
606:
596:
2007:
1232:, the method of making a flexible, fluid centrist coalition in Parliament which sought to isolate the extremes of the
6595:
6544:
6338:
6218:
6203:
5998:
5903:
5633:
5527:
5522:
4776:
4433:
4265:
3256:
3231:
3074:
2176:
699:
659:
532:
1443:
In the 1980s, for the first time since 1945 two governments were led by non-Christian Democrat prime ministers: one
3628:
2909:
2795:
2199:
1936:
1673:
1091:
501:
20:
6348:
6003:
5638:
5082:
3752:
3664:
3511:
3506:
3337:
3205:
1531:
1382:
1035:
980:
646:
132:
1882:
1649:, Prime Minister. His new cabinet was supported by most Italian parties, including the League, M5S, PD, and FI.
6564:
6554:
6529:
6323:
6303:
5833:
5654:
5277:
4238:
3700:
3288:
2765:
2222:
2059:
1688:
1657:
917:
564:
224:
195:
6494:
6408:
6283:
6208:
6078:
5778:
5738:
5701:
5592:
5262:
3951:
3782:
3669:
3200:
3195:
1661:
1578:
1543:
1535:
1523:
1271:
1056:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
591:
346:
1565:
was sworn in as the new prime minister. Renzi proposed several reforms, including a radical overhaul of the
6549:
6443:
6383:
6183:
6173:
6153:
6133:
6068:
5928:
5858:
5788:
5773:
5517:
5477:
5377:
5303:
5197:
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3649:
3634:
3486:
3347:
2800:
1481:
515:
489:
437:
384:
128:
91:
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6509:
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6358:
6318:
6158:
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5988:
5813:
5768:
5492:
5192:
4054:
3772:
3618:
3400:
3310:
3210:
3096:
3064:
2749:
569:
467:
354:
6600:
6574:
6393:
6388:
6333:
6328:
6253:
6228:
6168:
6138:
5948:
5923:
5918:
5848:
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5828:
5793:
5733:
5623:
5572:
5567:
5542:
5512:
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5308:
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4810:
4487:
4109:
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3557:
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3437:
3372:
3246:
2780:
2706:
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1028:
930:
704:
6539:
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6448:
6428:
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6178:
6163:
6108:
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6023:
6018:
5993:
5978:
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5943:
5913:
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5838:
5803:
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5783:
5758:
5748:
5743:
5602:
5547:
5507:
5462:
5457:
5437:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5402:
5387:
5382:
5367:
5357:
5324:
5157:
4657:
4589:
4572:
4555:
4504:
4470:
4231:
4139:
3905:
3828:
3792:
2810:
2775:
2770:
2392:
1913:. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology / International Relation and Security Network. Archived from
807:
280:. The office of president of the Council of Ministers is established by articles 92–96 of the
6569:
6559:
6524:
6499:
6489:
6479:
6423:
6418:
6373:
6313:
6273:
6268:
6248:
6223:
6103:
6088:
6083:
6063:
6043:
6008:
5983:
5968:
5853:
5818:
5808:
5694:
5628:
5587:
5562:
5552:
5537:
5532:
5482:
5447:
5432:
4895:
4793:
4708:
4640:
4154:
4144:
4124:
4094:
4049:
3747:
3589:
3521:
3491:
3471:
3352:
3028:
2993:
2790:
1914:
1547:
1444:
1331:
1112:
875:
674:
631:
1989:
6519:
6504:
6484:
6458:
6398:
6378:
6363:
6353:
6293:
6258:
6198:
6148:
6118:
6058:
6028:
6013:
5973:
5933:
5763:
5582:
5502:
5187:
5147:
5047:
4878:
4759:
4034:
3797:
3654:
3599:
3516:
3476:
3415:
3314:
3079:
3049:
2397:
2262:
1452:
1392:
1343:
1170:
1136:
1116:
907:
782:
102:
6514:
6243:
6213:
6143:
6098:
6073:
6033:
5958:
5893:
5868:
5167:
5162:
4725:
3732:
3720:
3496:
3481:
3173:
2815:
1319:
followers consolidated their power through a series of laws that transformed the nation into a
1312:
754:
636:
527:
1139:, who was appointed on 23 March 1861, but he died on 6 June the same year. From 1861 to 1911,
5442:
5372:
5293:
5242:
5237:
5212:
5067:
5032:
4962:
4623:
4516:
4453:
4039:
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3860:
3809:
3567:
3547:
3357:
2951:
2919:
2805:
2785:
2699:
1843:
1758:
1738:
1646:
1569:
and a new electoral law. However, the proposed reforms were rejected on 4 December 2016 by a
1425:
1308:
1060:
430:
281:
5272:
5217:
5177:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5112:
5107:
5097:
5092:
5072:
5052:
5042:
5037:
5027:
4910:
4827:
3890:
3705:
3594:
3572:
3226:
3124:
3008:
2876:
2606:
1656:
as Italy's first female prime minister, following the resignation of Mario Draghi amidst a
1124:
846:
799:
769:
759:
744:
684:
679:
350:
4971:
8:
5597:
5407:
5298:
5267:
5232:
5222:
5207:
5152:
5117:
5102:
5087:
5077:
5057:
4665:
4635:
4606:
4521:
4174:
4164:
4119:
3885:
3850:
3845:
3562:
3183:
3119:
3039:
2337:
2121:
1366:
1327:
1237:
976:
739:
714:
709:
324:
155:
95:
4499:
2164:
List of Italian Prime Ministers, with information on length of term and party membership
1522:
Ousted after a few months of government, Berlusconi returned to power in 2001, lost the
1181:
after a devastating colonial defeat in Ethiopia. He is often seen as a precursor of the
5338:
5257:
5202:
5182:
5172:
5142:
4149:
4134:
4114:
3971:
3912:
3865:
3787:
3644:
3614:
3604:
3579:
3552:
3459:
3452:
3388:
3144:
3139:
2856:
2626:
2566:
2237:
1623:
1585:
1582:
1448:
1233:
1131:, the procedure did not change. In fact, the candidate for office was appointed by the
1064:
992:
795:
777:
764:
749:
729:
724:
719:
689:
584:
552:
545:
462:
455:
388:
289:
285:
273:
170:
143:
4805:
4720:
1573:. Following the referendum's results, Renzi resigned and his Foreign Affairs Minister
58:
5252:
4550:
4465:
4099:
4089:
3961:
3875:
3840:
3767:
3757:
3535:
3405:
3319:
3149:
3129:
3103:
3091:
2886:
2881:
2866:
2861:
2846:
2646:
2636:
2611:
2556:
2501:
2461:
2437:
2402:
2377:
2362:
2352:
2342:
2312:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2126:
1631:
1627:
1508:
1496:
1402:
1362:
1212:
1201:
1166:
1151:
1101:
986:
952:
734:
601:
474:
407:
399:
339:
190:
2214:
1603:
72:
4482:
4254:
4169:
3991:
3941:
3922:
3917:
3870:
3777:
3715:
3695:
3683:
3639:
3442:
3422:
3410:
3273:
3154:
2871:
2734:
2726:
2596:
2581:
2571:
2551:
2536:
2506:
2491:
2471:
2417:
2382:
2332:
2317:
2302:
2252:
2227:
2207:
1437:
1418:
1300:
1280:
1241:
1205:
1186:
1158:
1140:
1128:
1075:
666:
328:
312:
136:
4873:
3241:
5557:
5227:
4946:
4890:
4601:
4079:
4069:
4064:
4059:
3956:
3880:
3742:
3261:
3159:
3044:
2944:
2851:
2666:
2591:
2561:
2432:
2422:
2347:
2272:
2257:
2242:
2232:
2084:
1819:
1707:
1574:
1429:
1358:
1339:
1335:
1320:
1316:
1144:
1135:
and presided over a very unstable political system. The first prime minister was
1018:
331:
300:
4703:
4652:
5717:
4941:
4924:
4905:
4822:
4686:
4567:
4529:
4429:
4424:
4212:
4159:
4129:
4074:
3981:
3855:
3802:
3762:
3432:
3427:
3278:
3178:
3134:
3086:
3034:
2988:
2956:
2914:
2891:
2681:
2671:
2631:
2601:
2586:
2531:
2521:
2511:
2466:
2372:
2367:
2357:
2267:
1653:
1619:
1607:
1589:
1566:
1561:
On 22 February 2014, after tensions in the Democratic Party the PD's Secretary
1460:
1410:
1347:
1162:
957:
937:
520:
508:
442:
365:
349:
which holds executive power and the position is similar to those in most other
177:
80:
2163:
6589:
5008:
4929:
4448:
4084:
3725:
3295:
2983:
2961:
2820:
2616:
2576:
2541:
2526:
2496:
2481:
2427:
2407:
2387:
2327:
2130:
1555:
1456:
1354:
1304:
1132:
335:
320:
46:
2100:
Nasce il governo di Mario Draghi, con 8 tecnici e 15 ministri di sei partiti
1626:
in Conte. Conte resigned, but after the consultations between the President
1063:
to have the supreme confidence of the majority of the voting members of the
4856:
4754:
4669:
4584:
4202:
4009:
3814:
3584:
3188:
3054:
3003:
2978:
2676:
2661:
2656:
2641:
2621:
2476:
2168:
1642:
1562:
1551:
1527:
1514:
1468:
1228:
1161:, a left-wing patriot and statesman, the first head of the government from
1096:
The office was first established in 1848 in Italy's predecessor state, the
380:
304:
148:
1157:
One of the most famous and influential prime ministers of this period was
376:
4839:
4788:
4771:
4767:
4737:
4618:
4104:
4044:
4014:
3367:
2998:
2651:
2412:
1638:
1539:
1473:
1248:
1197:
327:
removed Mussolini from office in 1943 and the position was restored with
1215:, a leftist lawyer and politician, was appointed prime minister by King
1013:
5671:
1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.
4733:
4533:
3362:
2971:
2486:
1592:(leader of Five Star) was sworn in as prime minister, at the head of a
1424:
From the late 1960s until the early 1980s, the country experienced the
1259:
307:
position of Head of the Government, Prime Minister Secretary of State (
117:
1721:
1398:
1276:
6038:
5467:
4716:
4674:
2546:
2516:
1597:
1433:
1216:
1492:
4852:
4835:
4801:
4478:
4223:
4019:
4004:
3999:
3900:
2934:
2929:
2060:"Governo, Conte si è dimesso: domani le consultazioni al Quirinale"
1593:
5686:
1990:"Italy passes Renzi's flagship reform, opening way for referendum"
1428:, a period characterised by economic crisis (especially after the
1421:, who was appointed prime minister seven times from 1972 to 1992.
1346:, while the authorities of the Kingdom were forced to relocate in
1247:
The period between the start of the 20th century and the start of
416:
4818:
4648:
4614:
4580:
4563:
4546:
4495:
4461:
4444:
2966:
2691:
2008:"New prime minister sworn in to lead populist Italian government"
1290:
1182:
342:
became the first prime minister of the Italian Republic in 1946.
112:
2454:
1959:"Una buona riforma, in attesa della Riforma – Europa Quotidiano"
1911:"Secret Warfare: Operation Gladio and NATO's Stay-Behind Armies"
284:; the president of the Council of Ministers is appointed by the
4886:
4784:
4699:
4631:
4597:
4512:
3659:
1507:
operation which shook political parties in 1994, media magnate
1255:
38:
Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana
1342:
and Mussolini was reinstated as head of a puppet State called
4869:
4750:
4682:
2939:
2722:
2447:
368:
has been the incumbent prime minister since 22 October 2022.
277:
243:
31:
President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic
1844:
Italy: a reference guide from the Renaissance to the present
1684:
List of international trips made by prime ministers of Italy
1577:
was appointed new prime minister. On 1 June 2018, after the
5122:
5001:
3447:
2924:
2030:"Conte wins crucial support for new Italian govt coalition"
1285:
947:
316:
160:
1307:, was to abolish the Parliament's ability to put him to a
2158:
1937:"Clarion: Philip Willan, Guardian, 24 June 2000, page 19"
1326:
Mussolini remained in power until he was deposed by King
319:
of Fascism, who officially governed on the behalf of the
2117:"Meloni sworn in as Italy's first female prime minister"
1726:
Governo Italiano – Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri
1376:
1100:—although it was not mentioned in its constitution, the
297:
Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri del Regno d'Italia
1107:
1350:, which was under the control of the Allied Forces.
5674:
2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.
2115:
Harlan, Chico; Pitrelli, Stefano (21 October 2022).
1147:
prime ministers alternatively governed the country.
309:
Capo del Governo, Primo Ministro Segretario di Stato
3206:
Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
2085:
Mario Draghi sworn in as Italy's new prime minister
1558:composed by both center-left and the center-right.
1311:, basing his power on the will of the King and the
1679:List of prime ministers of Italy by time in office
1487:
1071:that are signed by the president of the Republic.
51:Seal of the presidency of the Council of Ministers
1802:The Cambridge companion to modern Italian culture
1330:in 1943 following a vote of no confidence by the
63:Flag of the President of the Council of Ministers
6587:
5677:3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.
1652:In October 2022, President Mattarella appointed
1618:, where the League exceeded Five Star Movement,
4953:) (partially attending, non-member, non-voting)
2114:
1813:
1811:
1511:, owner of three private TV channels, founded
1405:, first prime minister of the Italian Republic
1283:, longest-serving prime minister of Italy and
1240:in Italian politics. Under his influence, the
1226:Giolitti was a master in the political art of
5702:
4987:
4239:
2707:
2184:
1512:
1036:
338:was appointed to the post of prime minister.
36:
2198:
1859:
1795:
1793:
1700:
1299:Regarding this situation, the first goal of
92:Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic
1808:
1722:"The President of the Council of Ministers"
345:The prime minister is the president of the
5709:
5695:
4994:
4980:
4246:
4232:
2714:
2700:
2191:
2177:
1616:2019 European Parliament election in Italy
1610:, the first female prime minister of Italy
1395:(PCI), the largest one in Western Europe.
1043:
1029:
71:
1907:(in English, Italian, French, and German)
1790:
1499:, longest-serving post-war prime minister
627:National Council for Economics and Labour
1602:
1596:coalition of Five Star Movement and the
1588:become the largest party in Parliament,
1491:
1397:
1275:
1196:
1111:
1059:, the prime minister is required by the
375:
303:, the position was transformed into the
5002:Heads of state and government of Europe
1835:
1546:in February, the Vice Secretary of the
6588:
2159:Website of the Prime Minister of Italy
1987:
5690:
4975:
4227:
2695:
2172:
1389:1946 Italian institutional referendum
1377:First decades of the Italian Republic
270:Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri
266:president of the Council of Ministers
4253:
3252:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
2137:from the original on 21 October 2022
1939:. Cambridgeclarion.org. 24 June 2000
1900:
1637:In January 2021, the centrist party
1108:Historical Right and Historical Left
288:and must have the confidence of the
5716:
2040:from the original on 28 August 2019
1223:prime minister in Italian history.
19:For a list of prime ministers, see
13:
4936:) (present non-member, non-voting)
2721:
2453:
2213:
1988:Balmer, Crispian (12 April 2016).
1881:(in Italian). 1995. Archived from
1622:(leader of the League) proposed a
14:
6617:
5578:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
5248:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
2152:
1340:Italy was invaded by Nazi Germany
1265:
1254:Besides putting in place several
1192:
6289:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4940:
4923:
4904:
4885:
4868:
4851:
4834:
4817:
4800:
4783:
4766:
4749:
4732:
4715:
4698:
4681:
4664:
4647:
4630:
4613:
4596:
4579:
4562:
4545:
4528:
4511:
4494:
4477:
4460:
4443:
4423:
4208:
4207:
4196:
1674:List of prime ministers of Italy
1438:Bologna railway station massacre
1092:List of prime ministers of Italy
1012:
415:
299:). From 1925 to 1943 during the
57:
45:
21:List of prime ministers of Italy
3937:Orders, decorations, and medals
2108:
2093:
2078:
2052:
2022:
2000:
1981:
1951:
1929:
1868:
1850:
1772:The Randolph Churchill of Italy
1440:in 1980, where 85 people died.
1383:History of the Italian Republic
1150:According to the letter of the
391:of the Prime Minister of Italy.
1826:
1777:
1765:
1743:
1732:
1714:
1689:Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
1353:In 1944 Badoglio resigned and
1119:, first Italian Prime Minister
1:
2066:(in Italian). 26 January 2021
1694:
1579:2018 Italian general election
1365:, leader of the newly formed
1127:and the establishment of the
1117:Count Camillo Benso of Cavour
642:High Council of the Judiciary
6606:1861 establishments in Italy
1785:The Global Resistance Reader
1482:Democratic Party of the Left
1076:history of the Italian state
371:
7:
5879:Congo (Democratic Republic)
4951:President of the Parliament
4915:President of the Commission
3977:Water supply and sanitation
3401:Italian geographical region
3269:Monarchy and the World Wars
3211:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
3097:War of the Sicilian Vespers
2750:Timeline of Italian history
1667:
620:Constitutional institutions
355:Italian order of precedence
16:Head of government of Italy
10:
6622:
3896:Inventions and discoveries
3306:Fall of the Fascist regime
3289:Fourth War of Independence
3247:Expedition of the Thousand
3237:Second War of Independence
1645:, former President of the
1380:
1269:
1089:
1085:
607:Code of Criminal Procedure
597:Supreme Court of Cassation
85:since 22 October 2022
18:
6472:
5724:
5667:
5647:
5616:
5348:
5337:
5317:
5286:
5018:
5007:
4960:
4419:
4261:
4192:
3990:
3836:
3827:
3691:
3682:
3670:Security and intelligence
3543:
3534:
3396:
3387:
3330:
3257:Third War of Independence
3232:First War of Independence
3219:
3112:
3021:
2902:
2839:
2758:
2742:
2733:
2446:
2206:
1513:
1272:Fascist Italy (1922–1943)
383:in Rome, the seat of the
286:president of the Republic
238:
230:
220:
202:
186:
176:
171:President of the Republic
166:
154:
142:
124:
101:
90:
68:
56:
44:
35:
30:
6596:Prime ministers of Italy
6414:Turks and Caicos Islands
5864:Central African Republic
3348:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
3343:Institutional referendum
2200:Prime Ministers of Italy
1334:and replaced by General
1332:Grand Council of Fascism
1055:As the president of the
5453:Holy See (Vatican City)
5123:Holy See (Vatican City)
3871:Emigration and diaspora
3080:Guelphs and Ghibellines
3065:the Sardinian Judicates
1534:coalition, but won the
1393:Italian Communist Party
1373:, DC) political party.
1344:Italian Social Republic
1171:William Ewart Gladstone
1137:Camillo Benso di Cavour
647:High Council of Defence
262:prime minister of Italy
208:; 163 years ago
196:Camillo Benso di Cavour
133:High Council of Defence
5824:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5393:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5063:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3753:Science and technology
3701:Italian regions by GDP
3502:Marine protected areas
3174:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
2458:
2218:
1774:, accessmylibrary.com.
1611:
1500:
1406:
1338:. A few months later,
1321:one-party dictatorship
1313:National Fascist Party
1293:
1221:second-longest serving
1208:
1120:
565:Senate of the Republic
392:
269:
110:(reference and spoken)
37:
6299:São Tomé and Principe
6279:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4963:European Union Portal
3952:Public administration
3060:the Holy Roman Empire
2457:
2217:
1799:Barański & West,
1739:Constitution of Italy
1647:European Central Bank
1606:
1536:2008 general election
1524:2006 general election
1495:
1488:The "Second Republic"
1401:
1381:Further information:
1309:vote of no confidence
1279:
1270:Further information:
1200:
1115:
1090:Further information:
700:Friuli-Venezia Giulia
379:
351:parliamentary systems
282:Constitution of Italy
225:Deputy Prime Minister
115:(reference, informal)
6434:United Arab Emirates
5617:Partially recognised
5287:Partially recognised
4359:2013 (July–December)
4304:2004 (January–April)
4270:Parties represented
4180:World Heritage Sites
3635:Council of Ministers
3373:Coronavirus pandemic
2771:Currency and coinage
1820:The history of Italy
1526:five years later to
1503:In the midst of the
1472:) uncovered by the "
1371:Democrazia Cristiana
1361:in 1945 and then by
1125:unification of Italy
1057:Council of Ministers
998:(government journal)
695:Trentino-South Tyrol
660:Constituent entities
592:Constitutional Court
516:Council of Ministers
385:Council of Ministers
347:Council of Ministers
182:no fixed term length
129:Council of Ministers
6404:Trinidad and Tobago
5754:Antigua and Barbuda
5648:Unrecognised states
5318:Unrecognised states
4934:High Representative
4354:2013 (January–June)
4309:2004 (May–December)
3711:Automotive industry
3650:Metropolitan cities
3196:Early Modern period
3169:Kingdom of Sardinia
3120:Italian city-states
2122:The Washington Post
1969:on 31 December 2014
1963:europaquotidiano.it
1755:ospitiweb.indire.it
1367:Christian Democracy
1328:Victor Emmanuel III
1098:Kingdom of Sardinia
1019:Politics portal
570:Chamber of Deputies
438:Constitutional laws
325:Victor Emmanuel III
292:to stay in office.
96:Government of Italy
5553:Russian Federation
5223:Russian Federation
3773:Telecommunications
3140:Maritime republics
2459:
2219:
2010:. CNN. 1 June 2018
1865:Haugen, pp. 9, 71.
1708:"IG.com Pay Check"
1624:no-confidence vote
1612:
1586:Five Star Movement
1583:anti-establishment
1501:
1449:Giovanni Spadolini
1407:
1294:
1209:
1121:
994:Gazzetta Ufficiale
393:
389:official residence
274:head of government
264:, officially the
206:17 March 1861
6601:Politics of Italy
6583:
6582:
5939:Equatorial Guinea
5684:
5683:
5663:
5662:
5349:UN members
5333:
5332:
5019:UN members
4969:
4968:
4221:
4220:
4188:
4187:
3823:
3822:
3758:Southern question
3678:
3677:
3610:Political parties
3558:Foreign relations
3530:
3529:
3383:
3382:
3104:Kingdom of Naples
3092:Kingdom of Sicily
2689:
2688:
1888:on 19 August 2006
1658:government crisis
1632:Nicola Zingaretti
1628:Sergio Mattarella
1509:Silvio Berlusconi
1497:Silvio Berlusconi
1403:Alcide De Gasperi
1363:Alcide de Gasperi
1305:appointed in 1922
1213:Giovanni Giolitti
1202:Giovanni Giolitti
1167:Otto von Bismarck
1152:Statuto Albertino
1102:Albertine Statute
1053:
1052:
953:Council of Europe
931:Foreign relations
910:(multiple issues)
878:(multiple issues)
808:general elections
475:Sergio Mattarella
408:Politics of Italy
362:chief executive.
340:Alcide De Gasperi
258:
257:
234:€99,000 per annum
191:Alcide De Gasperi
6613:
6535:Nagorno-Karabakh
6239:Papua New Guinea
5874:Congo (Republic)
5711:
5704:
5697:
5688:
5687:
5346:
5345:
5016:
5015:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4973:
4972:
4945:
4944:
4928:
4927:
4909:
4908:
4893:
4889:
4876:
4872:
4859:
4855:
4842:
4838:
4825:
4821:
4808:
4804:
4791:
4787:
4774:
4770:
4757:
4753:
4740:
4736:
4723:
4719:
4706:
4702:
4689:
4685:
4672:
4668:
4655:
4651:
4638:
4634:
4621:
4617:
4604:
4600:
4587:
4583:
4570:
4566:
4553:
4549:
4536:
4532:
4519:
4515:
4502:
4498:
4485:
4481:
4468:
4464:
4451:
4447:
4427:
4266:List of meetings
4255:European Council
4248:
4241:
4234:
4225:
4224:
4211:
4210:
4203:Italy portal
4200:
4199:
4140:National symbols
3834:
3833:
3689:
3688:
3541:
3540:
3394:
3393:
3274:Kingdom of Italy
3201:Napoleonic Italy
2740:
2739:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2693:
2692:
2448:Italian Republic
2208:Kingdom of Italy
2193:
2186:
2179:
2170:
2169:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2112:
2106:
2097:
2091:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1965:. Archived from
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1917:on 25 April 2006
1908:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1887:
1880:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1839:
1833:
1830:
1824:
1815:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1781:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1761:on 15 June 2013.
1757:. Archived from
1747:
1741:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1704:
1662:general election
1548:Democratic Party
1544:general election
1518:
1517:
1436:in 1978 and the
1419:Giulio Andreotti
1301:Benito Mussolini
1281:Benito Mussolini
1242:Italian Liberals
1206:Benito Mussolini
1187:Benito Mussolini
1159:Francesco Crispi
1141:Historical Right
1045:
1038:
1031:
1017:
1016:
999:
911:
903:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
632:Council of State
602:Court of Assizes
561:
528:Undersecretaries
505:
471:
419:
395:
394:
313:Benito Mussolini
278:Italian Republic
254:
251:
249:
247:
245:
216:
214:
209:
187:Inaugural holder
137:European Council
75:
61:
49:
40:
28:
27:
6621:
6620:
6616:
6615:
6614:
6612:
6611:
6610:
6586:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6468:
6339:Solomon Islands
6219:North Macedonia
5904:Northern Cyprus
5726:
5725:Prime ministers
5720:
5718:Prime ministers
5715:
5685:
5680:
5659:
5643:
5634:Northern Cyprus
5612:
5528:North Macedonia
5350:
5340:
5329:
5313:
5304:Northern Cyprus
5282:
5198:North Macedonia
5020:
5010:
5003:
5000:
4970:
4965:
4956:
4939:
4922:
4903:
4884:
4867:
4850:
4833:
4816:
4799:
4782:
4765:
4748:
4731:
4714:
4697:
4680:
4663:
4646:
4629:
4612:
4595:
4578:
4561:
4544:
4527:
4517:Christodoulides
4510:
4493:
4476:
4459:
4442:
4415:
4257:
4252:
4222:
4217:
4197:
4184:
4155:Public holidays
3986:
3932:Life expectancy
3819:
3674:
3590:Law enforcement
3526:
3379:
3326:
3315:Social Republic
3279:Colonial Empire
3262:Capture of Rome
3215:
3108:
3017:
2910:Ancient peoples
2898:
2835:
2796:Historic states
2754:
2729:
2720:
2690:
2685:
2442:
2202:
2197:
2155:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2113:
2109:
2098:
2094:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2034:Washington Post
2028:
2027:
2023:
2013:
2011:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1816:
1809:
1798:
1791:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1766:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1670:
1575:Paolo Gentiloni
1490:
1430:1973 oil crisis
1385:
1379:
1359:Ferruccio Parri
1336:Pietro Badoglio
1274:
1268:
1195:
1145:Historical Left
1110:
1094:
1088:
1049:
1011:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
997:
996:
971:
963:
962:
933:
923:
922:
909:
901:
893:
885:
877:
870:(electoral law)
869:
861:
854:(fertility law)
853:
840:
802:
788:
787:
774:
662:
652:
651:
622:
612:
611:
587:
577:
576:
555:
548:
538:
537:
521:Current Cabinet
499:
492:
482:
481:
465:
458:
448:
447:
433:
410:
400:Politics series
374:
332:Pietro Badoglio
242:
212:
210:
207:
194:
135:
131:
116:
111:
94:
86:
84:
83:
79:
76:
64:
52:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6619:
6609:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6581:
6580:
6578:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6469:
6467:
6466:
6464:Western Sahara
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6439:United Kingdom
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6396:
6391:
6386:
6381:
6376:
6371:
6366:
6361:
6356:
6351:
6346:
6341:
6336:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6306:
6301:
6296:
6291:
6286:
6281:
6276:
6271:
6266:
6261:
6256:
6251:
6246:
6241:
6236:
6231:
6226:
6221:
6216:
6211:
6206:
6201:
6196:
6191:
6186:
6181:
6176:
6171:
6166:
6161:
6156:
6151:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6131:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6096:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6076:
6071:
6066:
6061:
6056:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5909:Czech Republic
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
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5657:
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5649:
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5642:
5641:
5636:
5631:
5626:
5620:
5618:
5614:
5613:
5611:
5610:
5608:United Kingdom
5605:
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3179:Duchy of Savoy
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2153:External links
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1728:. 28 May 2019.
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1654:Giorgia Meloni
1620:Matteo Salvini
1608:Giorgia Meloni
1590:Giuseppe Conte
1489:
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1461:Group of Seven
1411:European Union
1387:Following the
1378:
1375:
1348:Southern Italy
1267:
1266:Fascist regime
1264:
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1193:Giolittian Era
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1163:Southern Italy
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970:Related topics
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958:European Union
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918:Constituencies
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902:(Constitution)
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894:(Constitution)
892:December 2016
889:
886:(oil drilling)
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862:(Constitution)
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497:Prime Minister
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301:Fascist regime
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6004:Guinea-Bissau
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5488:Liechtenstein
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5351:and observers
5347:
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5309:South Ossetia
5307:
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5158:Liechtenstein
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5029:
5026:
5025:
5023:
5021:and observers
5017:
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4985:
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4911:von der Leyen
4907:
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4897:
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4008:
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3993:
3989:
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3404:
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3395:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3358:Years of Lead
3356:
3354:
3353:Economic Boom
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Fascist Italy
3294:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Niçard exodus
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
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3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
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3032:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2962:Magna Graecia
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
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2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
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2757:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2741:
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2724:
2717:
2712:
2710:
2705:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2683:
2680:
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2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
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2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
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2630:
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2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
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2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
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2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
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2329:
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2301:
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2259:
2256:
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2241:
2239:
2236:
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2229:
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2224:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2086:
2081:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2009:
2003:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1938:
1932:
1916:
1912:
1903:
1884:
1877:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1829:
1822:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1794:
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1780:
1773:
1768:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1709:
1703:
1699:
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1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1665:
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1650:
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1644:
1640:
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1625:
1621:
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1609:
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1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
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1516:
1510:
1506:
1498:
1494:
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:Bettino Craxi
1454:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1426:Years of Lead
1422:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Ivanoe Bonomi
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1278:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1009:
1000:
995:
990:
988:
985:
982:
978:
975:
974:
967:
966:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
935:
932:
927:
926:
919:
916:
912:
906:
904:
898:
896:
890:
888:
882:
880:
874:
872:
866:
864:
858:
856:
850:
849:
848:
844:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
811:
810:
809:
805:
804:
801:
797:
792:
791:
784:
781:
779:
776:
775:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
668:
665:
664:
661:
656:
655:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
621:
616:
615:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
589:
586:
581:
580:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
559:
554:
551:
550:
547:
542:
541:
534:
531:
529:
526:
522:
519:
518:
517:
514:
510:
507:
506:
503:
498:
495:
494:
491:
486:
485:
476:
473:
472:
469:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:Head of state
452:
451:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
432:
427:
426:
423:
422:
418:
414:
413:
409:
405:
404:
401:
397:
396:
390:
386:
382:
378:
369:
367:
363:
361:
356:
353:. The formal
352:
348:
343:
341:
337:
336:Ivanoe Bonomi
333:
330:
326:
322:
321:king of Italy
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
293:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
253:
241:
237:
233:
229:
226:
223:
219:
205:
201:
197:
192:
189:
185:
181:
179:
175:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
138:
134:
130:
127:
123:
119:
114:
109:
106:
104:
100:
97:
93:
89:
82:
74:
67:
60:
55:
48:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
6565:Turkmenistan
6555:South Africa
6324:Sint Maarten
6304:Saudi Arabia
6048:
5884:Cook Islands
5834:Burkina Faso
5655:Transnistria
5472:
5325:Transnistria
4917:(non-voting)
4691:
4437:(non-voting)
4428:
4040:Architecture
4010:Quattrocento
3967:Social class
3947:Prostitution
3861:Demographics
3783:Trade unions
3726:Central Bank
3624:
3568:Human rights
3548:Constitution
3331:Contemporary
3301:World War II
3189:Italian Wars
3113:Early modern
3055:Papal States
3033:Italy under
2979:Ancient Rome
2139:. Retrieved
2120:
2110:
2103:
2095:
2088:
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2063:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2033:
2024:
2012:. Retrieved
2002:
1993:
1983:
1971:. Retrieved
1967:the original
1962:
1953:
1941:. Retrieved
1931:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:the original
1902:
1890:. Retrieved
1883:the original
1870:
1861:
1852:
1842:
1837:
1828:
1818:
1800:
1784:
1779:
1767:
1759:the original
1754:
1745:
1734:
1725:
1716:
1702:
1651:
1643:Mario Draghi
1636:
1613:
1563:Matteo Renzi
1560:
1552:Enrico Letta
1528:Romano Prodi
1521:
1515:Forza Italia
1504:
1502:
1477:
1469:Tangentopoli
1467:
1465:
1442:
1423:
1415:
1408:
1386:
1370:
1352:
1325:
1298:
1295:
1284:
1253:
1246:
1229:trasformismo
1227:
1225:
1210:
1179:
1156:
1149:
1122:
1095:
1080:
1073:
1069:
1061:Constitution
1054:
993:
981:Technocratic
675:Aosta Valley
496:
431:Constitution
398:Part of the
381:Chigi Palace
364:
359:
344:
308:
296:
294:
265:
261:
259:
149:Chigi Palace
120:(diplomatic)
25:
6545:Philippines
6284:Saint Lucia
6209:New Zealand
6204:Netherlands
6079:South Korea
6074:North Korea
5739:Afghanistan
5593:Switzerland
5523:Netherlands
5263:Switzerland
5193:Netherlands
4891:Kristersson
4551:Frederiksen
4105:Italophilia
4065:Coat of arm
4015:Cinquecento
3891:Immigration
3841:Aristocracy
3706:Agriculture
3600:Nationality
3573:LGBT rights
3487:Earthquakes
3368:Mani pulite
3284:World War I
3227:Unification
3220:Late modern
3184:Renaissance
3029:Middle Ages
3022:Middle Ages
2999:Roman Italy
2766:Citizenship
1973:31 December
1847:, pp. 46–48
1823:, p. 127–28
1817:Killinger,
1639:Italia Viva
1540:Mario Monti
1505:mani pulite
1478:mani pulite
1474:Clean Hands
1249:World War I
884:April 2016
847:referendums
800:referendums
546:Legislature
305:dictatorial
178:Term length
6590:Categories
6550:Seychelles
6444:Uzbekistan
6384:Tajikistan
6184:Mozambique
6174:Montenegro
6154:Mauritania
6134:Madagascar
6129:Luxembourg
6094:Kyrgyzstan
6069:Kazakhstan
5929:East Timor
5859:Cape Verde
5789:Bangladesh
5774:Azerbaijan
5727:by country
5558:San Marino
5518:Montenegro
5498:Luxembourg
5478:Kazakhstan
5378:Azerbaijan
5341:government
5228:San Marino
5188:Montenegro
5168:Luxembourg
5148:Kazakhstan
5048:Azerbaijan
4806:Montenegro
4636:Mitsotakis
4175:Traditions
4165:Television
4150:Philosophy
4115:Literature
4055:Cathedrals
4025:Settecento
3886:Healthcare
3851:Corruption
3846:Censorship
3605:Parliament
3563:Government
3363:Maxi Trial
3311:Resistance
3040:Ostrogoths
2972:Messapians
2857:Villanovan
2847:Prehistory
2840:Prehistory
2647:Berlusconi
2637:Berlusconi
2612:Berlusconi
2462:De Gasperi
2438:De Gasperi
2338:Zanardelli
2248:La Marmora
2141:22 October
2070:21 October
1856:Coppa 1971
1832:Coppa 1970
1695:References
1614:After the
1581:where the
1571:referendum
1556:government
1451:) and one
1445:Republican
1260:free trade
1123:After the
1065:Parliament
977:Government
755:Basilicata
553:Parliament
533:Ministries
311:) held by
290:Parliament
272:), is the
268:(Italian:
213:1861-03-17
198:(original)
193:(republic)
6510:Indonesia
6369:Swaziland
6359:Sri Lanka
6319:Singapore
6234:Palestine
6159:Mauritius
6124:Lithuania
5989:Greenland
5769:Australia
5493:Lithuania
5163:Lithuania
4500:Plenković
4434:President
4135:Mythology
4110:Libraries
4030:Ottocento
3972:Terrorism
3913:Languages
3866:Education
3788:Transport
3738:Companies
3645:Provinces
3615:President
3580:Judiciary
3553:Elections
3465:Volcanoes
3460:Volcanism
3453:Apennines
3438:Mountains
3406:Peninsula
3389:Geography
3320:Civil War
3045:Byzantium
2952:Etruscans
2887:Canegrate
2882:Golasecca
2867:Rinaldone
2862:Terramare
2852:Neolithic
2667:Gentiloni
2597:Andreotti
2567:Spadolini
2552:Andreotti
2537:Andreotti
2418:Mussolini
2273:Minghetti
2243:Minghetti
2131:0190-8286
2044:28 August
1453:Socialist
1434:Aldo Moro
1217:Umberto I
1211:In 1892,
1185:dictator
1175:Salisbury
796:Elections
778:Provinces
585:Judiciary
490:Executive
463:President
372:Functions
203:Formation
167:Appointer
144:Residence
125:Member of
108:President
78:Incumbent
6575:Zimbabwe
6530:Maldives
6394:Thailand
6389:Tanzania
6334:Slovenia
6329:Slovakia
6254:Portugal
6229:Pakistan
6169:Mongolia
6139:Malaysia
5949:Ethiopia
5924:Dominica
5919:Djibouti
5849:Cameroon
5844:Cambodia
5829:Bulgaria
5794:Barbados
5734:Abkhazia
5624:Abkhazia
5573:Slovenia
5568:Slovakia
5543:Portugal
5398:Bulgaria
5339:Heads of
5294:Abkhazia
5243:Slovenia
5238:Slovakia
5213:Portugal
5068:Bulgaria
5011:of state
4823:Iohannis
4483:Glavchev
4449:Nehammer
4213:Category
4100:Internet
4090:Folklore
4020:Seicento
4005:Trecento
4000:Duecento
3962:Religion
3923:Regional
3901:Italians
3876:Gambling
3768:Taxation
3595:Military
3536:Politics
3338:Republic
3125:Florence
3050:Lombards
2989:Republic
2935:Samnites
2930:Picentes
2872:Apennine
2831:Railways
2811:Military
2759:By topic
2743:Overview
2727:articles
2502:Tambroni
2423:Badoglio
2403:Giolitti
2383:Salandra
2378:Giolitti
2373:Luzzatti
2363:Giolitti
2343:Giolitti
2323:Starabba
2313:Giolitti
2308:Starabba
2298:Depretis
2288:Depretis
2278:Depretis
2263:Menabrea
2258:Rattazzi
2253:Ricasoli
2233:Rattazzi
2228:Ricasoli
2135:Archived
2104:Rai News
2038:Archived
1943:24 April
1783:Amoore,
1668:See also
1594:populist
1530:and his
1236:and the
987:Taxation
770:Sardinia
760:Calabria
745:Campania
685:Lombardy
680:Piedmont
387:and the
360:de facto
246:.governo
6540:Nigeria
6495:Comoros
6454:Vietnam
6449:Vanuatu
6429:Ukraine
6409:Tunisia
6344:Somalia
6309:Senegal
6264:Romania
6194:Namibia
6189:Myanmar
6179:Morocco
6164:Moldova
6114:Lesotho
6109:Lebanon
6054:Jamaica
6039:Ireland
6024:Iceland
6019:Hungary
5994:Grenada
5979:Georgia
5964:Finland
5944:Estonia
5914:Denmark
5899:Curaçao
5889:Croatia
5839:Burundi
5814:Bermuda
5804:Belgium
5799:Belarus
5784:Bahrain
5779:Bahamas
5759:Armenia
5749:Algeria
5744:Albania
5603:Ukraine
5548:Romania
5508:Moldova
5468:Ireland
5463:Iceland
5458:Hungary
5443:Germany
5438:Georgia
5428:Finland
5423:Estonia
5418:Denmark
5403:Croatia
5388:Belgium
5383:Belarus
5373:Austria
5368:Armenia
5363:Andorra
5358:Albania
5273:Ukraine
5218:Romania
5178:Moldova
5138:Ireland
5133:Iceland
5128:Hungary
5113:Germany
5108:Georgia
5098:Finland
5093:Estonia
5088:Denmark
5073:Croatia
5058:Belgium
5053:Belarus
5043:Austria
5038:Armenia
5033:Andorra
5028:Albania
4947:Metsola
4930:Borrell
4874:Sánchez
4738:Frieden
4721:NausÄ—da
4466:De Croo
4170:Theatre
4145:Palaces
4125:Museums
4095:Gardens
4080:Fashion
4070:Cuisine
4050:Castles
3992:Culture
3942:Poverty
3918:Italian
3829:Society
3810:Welfare
3778:Tourism
3748:Exports
3716:Banking
3696:Economy
3684:Economy
3640:Regions
3522:Valleys
3492:Islands
3472:Beaches
3443:Prealps
3423:Geology
3411:Climate
3075:Normans
3035:Odoacer
2984:Kingdom
2967:Ligures
2903:Ancient
2877:Nuragic
2826:Postage
2801:Judaism
2791:Genetic
2781:Fashion
2776:Economy
2735:History
2627:D'Alema
2592:De Mita
2582:Fanfani
2572:Fanfani
2562:Forlani
2557:Cossiga
2532:Colombo
2507:Fanfani
2492:Fanfani
2472:Fanfani
2393:Orlando
2388:Boselli
2368:Sonnino
2358:Sonnino
2348:Tittoni
2333:Saracco
2328:Pelloux
2293:Cairoli
2283:Cairoli
1994:Reuters
1841:Sarti,
1805:, p. 44
1787:, p. 39
1317:Fascist
1291:fascism
1256:tariffs
1183:fascist
1129:kingdom
1086:History
845:Recent
806:Recent
740:Abruzzo
715:Tuscany
710:Liguria
667:Regions
329:Marshal
323:. King
276:of the
239:Website
211: (
113:Premier
6570:Zambia
6560:Turkey
6525:Malawi
6500:Gambia
6490:Brazil
6480:Angola
6424:Uganda
6419:Tuvalu
6374:Sweden
6314:Serbia
6274:Rwanda
6269:Russia
6249:Poland
6224:Norway
6104:Latvia
6089:Kuwait
6084:Kosovo
6064:Jordan
6044:Israel
6009:Guyana
5999:Guinea
5984:Greece
5969:France
5854:Canada
5819:Bhutan
5809:Belize
5629:Kosovo
5598:Turkey
5588:Sweden
5563:Serbia
5538:Poland
5533:Norway
5513:Monaco
5483:Latvia
5448:Greece
5433:France
5408:Cyprus
5299:Kosovo
5268:Turkey
5258:Sweden
5233:Serbia
5208:Poland
5203:Norway
5183:Monaco
5153:Latvia
5118:Greece
5103:France
5078:Cyprus
4772:Schoof
4704:Siliņa
4687:Meloni
4670:Harris
4619:Scholz
4602:Macron
4568:Michal
4201:
4075:Design
4060:Cinema
4035:Anthem
3957:Racism
3906:People
3881:Health
3743:Energy
3733:Brands
3660:Comune
3655:Cities
3517:Rivers
3477:Canals
3160:Amalfi
3145:Venice
3004:Empire
2945:Veneti
2920:Latins
2892:Latial
2725:
2682:Meloni
2677:Draghi
2607:Ciampi
2477:Scelba
2428:Bonomi
2408:Bonomi
2353:Fortis
2318:Crispi
2303:Crispi
2238:Farini
2223:Cavour
2129:
2064:newsby
2014:3 June
1660:and a
1598:League
1567:Senate
1554:led a
765:Sicily
750:Apulia
730:Molise
725:Marche
720:Umbria
690:Veneto
231:Salary
221:Deputy
6520:Kenya
6505:Ghana
6485:Benin
6459:Yemen
6399:Tonga
6379:Syria
6364:Sudan
6354:Spain
6294:Samoa
6259:Qatar
6199:Nepal
6149:Malta
6119:Libya
6059:Japan
6049:Italy
6029:India
6014:Haiti
5974:Gabon
5934:Egypt
5764:Aruba
5583:Spain
5503:Malta
5473:Italy
5253:Spain
5173:Malta
5143:Italy
5009:Heads
4857:Golob
4755:Abela
4653:Orbán
4534:Fiala
4160:Sport
4130:Music
4120:Media
3982:Women
3856:Crime
3721:Banks
3497:Lakes
3482:Caves
3433:Flora
3428:Fauna
3150:Genoa
3135:Milan
3130:Siena
3070:Arabs
2957:Celts
2940:Umbri
2816:Music
2786:Flags
2723:Italy
2672:Conte
2662:Renzi
2657:Letta
2652:Monti
2642:Prodi
2632:Amato
2622:Prodi
2602:Amato
2587:Goria
2577:Craxi
2542:Rumor
2527:Rumor
2522:Leone
2512:Leone
2497:Segni
2482:Segni
2467:Pella
2433:Parri
2413:Facta
2398:Nitti
2268:Lanza
1921:2 May
1892:2 May
1886:(PDF)
1879:(PDF)
1710:. IG.
1550:(PD)
1532:Union
1238:right
908:2022
900:2020
876:2011
868:2009
860:2006
852:2005
735:Lazio
103:Style
6515:Iran
6244:Peru
6214:Niue
6144:Mali
6099:Laos
6034:Iraq
5959:Fiji
5894:Cuba
5869:Chad
4840:Fico
4789:Tusk
4585:Orpo
4409:2023
4404:2022
4399:2021
4394:2020
4389:2019
4384:2018
4379:2017
4374:2016
4369:2015
4364:2014
4349:2012
4344:2011
4339:2010
4334:2009
4329:2008
4324:2007
4319:2006
4314:2005
4299:2003
4294:2002
4289:2001
4284:2000
4279:1999
4274:1998
4085:Flag
3815:Wine
3803:road
3798:rail
3629:List
3619:List
3448:Alps
3313:and
3155:Pisa
2925:Osci
2821:Name
2806:LGBT
2617:Dini
2547:Moro
2517:Moro
2487:Zoli
2143:2022
2127:ISSN
2072:2023
2046:2019
2016:2018
1975:2014
1945:2010
1923:2006
1894:2006
1286:Duce
1234:left
1173:and
1143:and
1133:king
948:NATO
943:OSCE
836:2022
831:2018
826:2013
821:2008
816:2006
558:list
502:list
468:list
317:Duce
260:The
161:Rome
156:Seat
4045:Art
3793:air
3585:Law
2089:BBC
1476:" (
1289:of
250:/en
248:.it
244:www
6592::
4913:,
4896:SE
4879:ES
4862:SI
4845:SK
4828:RO
4811:PT
4794:PL
4777:NL
4760:MT
4743:LU
4726:LT
4709:LV
4692:IT
4675:IE
4658:HU
4641:GR
4624:DE
4607:FR
4590:FI
4573:EE
4556:DK
4539:CZ
4522:CY
4505:HR
4488:BG
4471:BE
4454:AT
4432:,
2133:.
2125:.
2119:.
2102:,
2087:,
2062:.
2036:.
2032:.
1992:.
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1810:^
1792:^
1753:.
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