365:
438:
430:
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1519:
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1911:
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505:, semi-active and active radar guided missiles. The circular antenna has a diameter of 47 cm. The radar has over 30 different operational air-to-air/air-to-surface mission and navigation modes. Air to air modes include Single/Dual Target Track and Track While Scan. Air to surface modes include Real Beam Map, Doppler Beam Sharpening, Sea Low/High, Ground Moving Target Indicator, Ground/Sea Moving Target Track.
400:. Newer Mirages bought from Australia and Belgium were in good condition with low flight hours to supplement the PAF's own fleet of 34 Mirage IIIs and 32 Mirage 5s acquired directly from France between 1967 and 1982. The ROSE project was set up to buy as many second-hand aircraft as possible and to upgrade them with the latest avionics and other modern systems. During 1998, the
485:
multi-mode radar was installed in the second phase of the upgrade project. It was stated that ROSE I fighters could easily be in service beyond 2010. In early 1999 it was stated that problems in "certain parameters - and errors in certain modes" had surfaced during flight trials of the Grifo M3 radar
420:
along with 150 engines still in sealed packaging and a huge quantity of spare parts. Most of these aircraft were to be broken up for spare parts required by the Mirage fleet already in PAF service. With this purchase, the PAF became the largest operator of
Dassault Mirage III/5 fighters in the world.
508:
Other optional modes include Raid
Assessment, Non Cooperative Target Identification, SAR (synthetic aperture radar) and Precision Velocity Update. Low, medium and high pulse repetition frequencies reduce effects of ground clutter. Digital adaptive pulse-compression technology, dual channel receiver,
547:
Mirages (35 single-seat Mirage 5Fs and nine dual-seat Mirage IIIBEs) to the PAF. Only 34 Mirage 5Fs and six Mirage IIIBEs were intended to fly again, the others serving as spare parts sources. 20 Mirage 5Fs were overhauled and upgraded in France to ROSE II standards. In total, 29 Mirage 5Fs and six
679:
Despite challenges and problems, the ROSE program allowed the PAF to gain experience on aircraft technology, and gain confidence to undertake similar projects in the future. The Mirage received new capabilities, thus improving its performance dramatically. At the international level, Pakistan's
260:
fighter jets, which were already paid for by
Pakistan. Restrictions on the Pakistan Air Force caused great concern in the military, as the air force was operating American-built infrastructure. Thus, the air force had to come up with innovative solutions to keep all its combat infrastructure
415:
A project team was formed to manage the program and held review meetings frequently in both
Pakistan and France where problems were discussed. The Pakistan Aeronautical Complex and its technical personnel were involved with parts manufacturing and quality control. PAF test pilots validated
509:
scanning coverage +/-60 degrees in both azimuth and elevation, air cooling, weighs less than 91 kg, MTBF (flight guaranteed) over 220 hours. Extensive ECCM (electronic counter-countermeasures) provisions and built-in test equipment (BITE). IFF interrogators can also be integrated.
548:
Mirage IIIBEs (respectively designated Mirage 5EF and Mirage IIIDF with the PAF) were delivered to
Pakistan by air between 1999 and 2001, with five other aircraft delivered by boat to be overhauled by PAC (one single-seater crashed during an acceptance flight in France).
453:
and made operational. After being inspected, the remaining 28 were selected for upgrade under
Project ROSE. 28 of the ex-Australian Dassault Mirage IIIO/D aircraft of the PAF were modified to ROSE I standard. The cockpit was modernized with a new
667:
for spares cannibalization, and unlike the
Australian or Lebanese purchases, that is just what they are being used for. Their condition dictated their return to service was highly unlikely. Problems were encountered for the upgrade of the
676:. However, this was eventually solved with the procurement of spare parts. Because of the program, the PAF gained an international reputation of expertise in maintaining and upgrading the Mirage for both air and naval versions.
203:
were integrated with the weapons suite of the aircraft. Further considerations for upgrades were recommended but the program was terminated due to the increasing cost of spare parts and the condition of the second-hand
571:
aircraft that hadn't been upgraded to ROSE II standards were upgraded to ROSE III standards in
Pakistan. In addition to the upgrades embodied in the ROSE II standard, the ROSE III modernization includes a new
500:
The Grifo M3 was developed specifically to fit the Mirage III and has been in full operation on the Mirage III since 2001. It has a power consumption of 200 W, operates in the X-band and is compatible with
680:
ingenuity and engineering skills have meant the
Mirages continue to play a major part in the defense of Pakistan's airspace. The program was meant to be continued for some time after 2003, but the
516:
probes of South
African origin were also installed on the upgraded Mirage III ROSE I aircraft, stating that it is a pilot program for the induction of aerial refueling capability into the PAF.
325:. Over 90% of the aircraft were locally retrofitted at the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex, and a few aircraft were upgraded in France. Under this first phase of the program, designated as
449:
between 1987 and 1989. Out of the 50 Dassault Mirage III fighters received from Australia, 40 were found to be suitable for service with the PAF, 12 of them were overhauled at
364:
168:. Between 1996 and 2000, several Mirage IIIs and Mirage 5s were bought from other countries and were upgraded under this program at the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex.
136:
from active service. The Pakistan Air Force, which was already operating Dassault Mirage IIIs and Mirage 5s, began its procurement of second-hand Mirage fighters from
368:
A Pakistan Air Force Mirage III fitted with the ROSE-III upgrade package drops bombs on a target during Falcon Air Meet 2010 at Azraq Royal Jordanian Air Base, Jordan
1961:
38:
Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance.
179:
probes along with a comprehensive overhaul of the airframes to increase their service life. After the ROSE-III upgrade, locally manufactured weapons like the
640:
to be spent in a huge amount on foreign exchange. Under this program, further upgrades were considered and recommendations were made for the procurement of
283:
for both programs. Despite objections from the United States on the program, the PAF ultimately procured Mirage fighters from various countries including
1772:
1580:
1226:
433:
A Dassault Mirage IIIO, upgraded to ROSE I standard, takes part in an alert scramble competition during the Falcon Air Meet 2010 exercise in Jordan
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A ROSE IV upgrade was also offered, but not taken up. It was based on the ROSE III upgrade standard, but it also included the installation of the
1508:
118:
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31:
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In 1992, the Pakistan Air Force devised a strategy on increasing its self-reliance and immediately launched the ROSE program, as well as
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245:
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performance of the new equipment during test flights. In 2003, the PAF bought a total of about 50 grounded Mirage 5 fighter jets from
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1613:
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Conceived in 1992 by the Pakistan Air Force, the program started in 1995 on main considerations of retiring the
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Paul Lewis, "Building a base: Pakistan builds on the capabilities of local support for combat aircraft",
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588:, to operate the Mirage 5 ROSE III fighters and specialize in night-time surface strike missions.
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beyond 2020 in specialized tactical attack roles. They are expected to be replaced by either the
445:
In 1990, the PAF bought 43 Mirage IIIOs and seven Mirage IIIDs, which had been retired from the
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1918:
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in 1996. Special overhauling facilities and engineering divisions were established at the
8:
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from Italy were contracted to provide crucial consultations on military electronics and
227:; but there are no publicly confirmed timelines or details about any of these programs.
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in place of the Grifo M3 radar. It is mounted in a pod under the nose. Moreover, a new
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401:
292:
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212:
141:
86:
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ClubHyper.com article - Ex-RAAF Mirages in Pakistan Air Force service, by Mustafa Aziz
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ROSE II Mirages are similar to ROSE I examples, but they are fitted with a navigation
66:
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It is currently expected for the upgraded fighter jets to remain in service with the
102:
493:, was installed. The PAF's standard short-range air-to-air missile at the time, the
441:
The FIAR Grifo M3 radar was installed in the black nose cone of this ROSE I aircraft
1851:
1678:
1117:
1114:"Pakistan Times | Top Story: New Fighter Squadron added to Pakistan Air Force"
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http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1999/02/24/48468/improvise-and-modernise.html
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Paul Lewis "Improvise and modernise" (Date published online unknown. Published in
396:, around 20 Mirage fighter jets were upgraded and 14 aircraft were upgraded under
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had to terminate it due to a combination of high costs and aging Mirage III/5
1940:
1673:
1668:
1429:
1200:
Jang/Dawn newspaper article - Pakistan buys 50 Mirage jets, spares from Libya
673:
605:
252:
began to modernize its fleet of fighter aircraft, thus putting stress on the
126:
117:
and onboard computer systems, with equipment supplied variously by Pakistani
898:
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784:
The story of the Pakistan Air Force, 1988-1998 : a battle against odds
358:
133:
1017:
http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1999/02/24/48539/building-a-base.html
156:'s financial capacities. Over 90% of the aircraft were retrofitted at the
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256:. Furthermore, the United States indefinitely delayed the procurement of
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inducted the jets in its fleet. In 2003, the PAF bought 13 more
240:
In the 1990s, the United States placed an economic and military
489:
A new Italian fire-control radar, the FIAR (now SELEX Galileo)
165:
651:
Acquisitions of Mirage 2000s from Qatar were bypassed by the
617:
540:
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385:
306:
269:
223:, or the 5th generation stealth fighter in development under
216:
122:
951:. Dawn newspapers, 2004. Dawn newspapers, 2004. 6 July 2004
552:
1003:
471:
1138:
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fighter jets. These had originally been built either by
1516:
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Chenel, Bernard; Liébert, Michel; Moreau, Eric (2014).
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bought the entire fleet of grounded Mirage IIIs from
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171:The upgrade package included the installation of a
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584:. A new PAF squadron was raised on 19 April 2007,
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559:was installed, together with an encrypted radio.
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486:in the Mirage III, but these were later solved.
1962:Programs of the Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)
873:Khan, Air Cdre (ret.) Azfar A. (30 Nov 2009).
739:
723:. Grand Strategy. 22 June 2013. Archived from
109:(GAF) in Australia. The program, based at the
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978:
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786:. Pakistan: Shaheen Foundation. p. 432.
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175:with a detection range of about 75 km,
781:
392:. In the second stage of the project named
219:(Block 3, Block 4 and Block 5), additional
32:promotes the subject in a subjective manner
1844:
1509:
1495:
1234:
1227:
1213:
1173:. Le Vigen, France: Editions LELA Presse.
1145:"New weaponry aimed at neutralizing India"
632:The ROSE program was successful and saved
497:, was integrated with the Grifo M3 radar.
384:joined the program after the departure of
800:
268:which resulted in the development of the
54:Learn how and when to remove this message
1147:. Dawn newspapers, 2003. Dawn newspapers
1027:
1025:
782:Sheikh, PAF, Air Marshal Rashid (2001).
586:No. 27 Tactical Attack "Zarrar" Squadron
523:
436:
428:
363:
65:
1171:Mirage III/5/50 en service à l'étranger
1143:From the newspapers (11 October 2003).
1042:
1040:
466:. New navigation systems, including an
1939:
1581:Cabinet Committee on National Security
1575:National Assembly Committee on Defence
1077:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
927:"PAF purchases Mirage jets from Libya"
408:and upgraded them indigenously at the
1490:
1208:
1022:
424:
272:aircraft. It was not until 1995 that
164:with the remaining being upgraded in
1037:
1015:, published: 24 February 1999, URL:
872:
519:
113:, focused on upgrading the military
15:
949:"Delivery of Libyan Mirages begins"
925:From the Newspapers (6 July 2004).
235:
29:This article contains wording that
13:
208:at the time of their procurement.
34:without imparting real information
14:
1973:
1188:
998:Chenel, Liébert & Moreau 2014
973:Chenel, Liébert & Moreau 2014
672:'s role in naval variant for the
1910:
1909:
1517:
929:. Dawn newspaper. Dawn newspaper
745:
20:
1162:
1106:
1085:
624:were also planned to be added.
372:In 1998, Margalla Electronics,
353:upgrade was also applied to 34
1757:Strategic Plans Division Force
843:
604:capacity, as well as the Dart
152:at the price range within the
1:
908:magazine on 24/02/1999) URL:
691:
474:, were also installed. A new
410:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
319:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
158:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
111:Pakistan Aeronautical Complex
107:Government Aircraft Factories
1532:Military history of Pakistan
1019:Retrieved: 25 September 2009
827:. PAF Falcon. Archived from
357:fighter jets for conducting
7:
1571:Senate Committee on Defence
562:
337:, were upgraded to perform
10:
1978:
1831:Pakistani Defence Industry
1717:National Command Authority
1559:Prime Minister of Pakistan
875:"Turning the Old Into New"
591:
557:inertial navigation system
468:inertial navigation system
447:Royal Australian Air Force
230:
83:Retrofit of Strike Element
1907:
1879:
1836:Defence Housing Authority
1823:
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1739:
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1586:National Security Council
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1529:
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748:"Mirage-III and Mirage 5"
628:Conclusion of the program
535:at a PAF base, circa 2006
333:fighter jets, designated
1957:Secret military programs
696:
248:. During this time, the
85:") was a program by the
912:Retrieved: 28 June 2009
460:multi-function displays
244:on Pakistan due to its
1773:Awards and decorations
1466:Australian procurement
1032:Products. Grifo family
622:radar warning receiver
582:radar warning receiver
578:multi-function display
536:
476:radar warning receiver
442:
434:
369:
339:multiple mission types
279:released funds to the
191:, and stealth nuclear
75:
1624:Joint Chiefs of Staff
1549:President of Pakistan
1523:Pakistan Armed Forces
881:. airforce-technology
821:"Mirage-III/Mirage-5"
580:, and a Chinese-made
533:CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder
527:
440:
432:
367:
303:from 1992 till 2003.
105:in France, or by the
69:
1647:Chief of Naval Staff
1012:Flight International
905:Flight International
851:"Pakistan Air Force"
831:on 24 September 2015
177:In-flight refuelling
119:Margella Electronics
1899:Bangladesh genocide
1867:Shaheen (Air Force)
1637:Chief of Army Staff
1545:Commander-in-Chief
1344:MD550 Mystère Delta
879:Airforce Technology
752:global security.org
727:on 24 November 2014
608:, derived from the
514:in-flight refueling
246:atomic bomb program
95:Dassault Mirage III
1947:Pakistan Air Force
1824:Business interests
1787:Ranks and insignia
1747:Civil Armed Forces
1642:Chief of Air Staff
1614:Defence Production
682:Pakistan Air Force
634:Pakistan Air Force
537:
443:
435:
425:Mirage IIIO ROSE I
402:Pakistan Air Force
370:
254:Pakistan Air Force
213:Pakistan Air Force
87:Pakistan Air Force
76:
70:Three-view of the
1952:Military projects
1934:
1933:
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1727:Armed Forces Band
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1484:
1483:
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1180:978-2-914017-76-3
754:. Global Security
721:grandstrategy.com
638:financial capital
520:Mirage 5F ROSE II
495:AIM-9L Sidewinder
189:Takbir glide bomb
103:Dassault Aviation
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1116:. Archived from
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1053:. Archived from
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620:dispenser and a
569:French Air Force
545:French Air Force
543:sold 44 surplus
359:night operations
309:from France and
266:Project Sabre II
250:Indian Air Force
236:Program overview
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503:infrared-guided
478:was installed.
464:radar altimeter
456:head-up display
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347:strike missions
343:air superiority
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193:cruise missiles
89:to upgrade the
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1163:Bibliography
1149:. Retrieved
1122:. Retrieved
1118:the original
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1093:"Mirage III"
1087:
1062:. Retrieved
1055:the original
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661:Mirage IIIEs
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125:and Italian
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79:Project ROSE
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1845:Foundations
1151:24 November
955:24 November
933:24 November
835:24 November
758:24 November
731:24 November
642:Mirage 2000
335:ROSE I
225:Project Azm
173:Grifo radar
129:consortia.
1941:Categories
1915:Categories
1566:Parliament
1539:Leadership
1470:Operators
1124:2010-03-20
1064:2004-11-02
692:References
657:Indian IAF
341:including
331:Mirage III
201:Ra'ad Mk-2
197:Ra'ad Mk-1
134:A-5 Fantan
72:Mirage III
1923:Air Force
1881:Criticism
1811:Air Force
1766:Personnel
1686:Air Force
1607:Secretary
1595:Ministers
686:airframes
539:In 1996,
529:Mirage 5s
481:The FIAR
321:(PAC) in
285:Australia
206:airframes
138:Australia
121:, French
1662:Services
1632:Chairman
1407:Pakistan
1339:Balzac V
1236:Dassault
1073:cite web
885:12 March
670:Mirage 5
610:Litening
602:AIM-9L/M
576:, a new
563:ROSE III
491:Grifo M3
483:Grifo M3
398:ROSE–III
355:Mirage 5
315:avionics
115:avionics
99:Mirage 5
91:avionics
44:May 2023
1804:Marines
1679:Marines
1602:Defence
1430:Cheetah
1372:Pantera
600:radar,
598:Grifo 3
592:ROSE IV
531:with a
406:Lebanon
394:ROSE–II
293:Lebanon
289:Belgium
242:embargo
231:History
185:H-4 SOW
142:Lebanon
1459:Topics
1398:Nesher
1393:Nammer
1381:Israel
1241:family
1239:Mirage
1177:
790:
567:14 ex-
470:and a
458:, new
349:. The
327:ROSE–I
299:, and
187:, the
166:France
148:, and
1778:Women
1365:Chile
1349:Milan
1098:6 May
1058:(PDF)
1051:(PDF)
697:Notes
665:Spain
663:from
655:when
653:JS HQ
646:Qatar
644:from
618:flare
614:chaff
541:SAGEM
418:Libya
390:SELEX
386:SAGEM
374:DESTO
323:Kamra
311:SELEX
307:SAGEM
301:Spain
297:Libya
270:JF-17
221:F-16s
162:Kamra
150:Spain
146:Libya
127:SELEX
123:SAGEM
1927:Navy
1919:Army
1799:Navy
1794:Army
1674:Navy
1669:Army
1446:F-21
1414:ROSE
1388:Kfir
1323:6000
1318:4000
1306:2000
1175:ISBN
1153:2014
1100:2011
1079:link
957:2014
935:2014
887:2010
837:2014
788:ISBN
760:2014
733:2014
674:Navy
612:. A
553:FLIR
512:The
388:and
380:and
378:GIDS
351:ROSE
345:and
258:F-16
199:and
183:and
97:and
1311:N/D
1264:III
636:'s
472:GPS
451:PAC
382:NIE
281:MoD
181:H-2
160:in
154:MoD
1943::
1925:•
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