673:
1325:
729:
345:
1311:
40:
444:
is the world's largest freshwater protected area spanning roughly 10,000 square kilometres (3,900 sq mi) of lakebed, its overlaying freshwater, and associated shoreline on 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi) of islands and mainland's. Canada's largest national wildlife region is the
549:, extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) from the coastline. Two separate areas, one a National Wildlife Area and the other a Marine Wildlife Area, could be created to protect a contiguous zone covering land and marine features extending to the 200-nautical-mile (370 km) limit.
400:
Conservation and protected areas have different mandates depending on the organization which manages them, with some areas having a greater focus on ecological integrity, historical preservation, public usage, scientific research, or a combination of usages. Some areas such as the
397:. Approximately 13.8 percent of Canada's territorial waters are conserved, including 8.9 percent designated as protected areas. Terrestrial areas conserved have increased by 65 percent in the 21st century, while marine areas conserved have increased by more than 3,800 percent.
1609:
1579:
1484:
1016:
1604:
1534:
1584:
1424:
1474:
1489:
1384:
193:
1574:
1539:
1594:
1589:
995:
1599:
1479:
1429:
1389:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1409:
1544:
1549:
1439:
968:
1514:
1449:
1419:
1394:
1529:
1524:
1454:
1434:
90:
105:
1519:
847:
1414:
219:
85:
75:
1286:
1245:
659:
645:
65:
1147:
859:
1260:
631:
542:
441:
1363:
987:
787:
699:
373:
183:
1230:
704:
694:
582:
446:
266:
214:
757:
752:
709:
135:
1240:
624:
449:, which spans 11,570.65 km (4,467.45 sq mi), protects critical breeding and nesting habitat for over 40 percent of
1270:
596:
261:
1250:
1197:
714:
638:
402:
326:
672:
1072:
894:
826:
747:
80:
1494:
1114:
925:
1235:
1210:
603:
321:
1630:
1291:
1255:
1225:
742:
666:
610:
589:
514:
140:
1356:
1265:
617:
537:
for the protection of wildlife. A National
Wildlife Area protects any land or marine environment within the Canadian
490:
246:
173:
1296:
689:
684:
652:
552:
366:
188:
1569:
478:
436:
established in 1893, covers an area of 7,653.45 square kilometres (2,955.01 sq mi) is dominated by
331:
178:
420:
established in 1885, spans 6,641 square kilometres (2,564 sq mi) of mountainous terrain, with many
95:
1464:
1349:
413:
234:
224:
115:
416:
covers a total area of 235,000 square kilometres (91,000 sq mi). Canada's first
National Park,
359:
910:
1190:
1175:
866:
560:
474:
271:
120:
1469:
1459:
1399:
518:
489:
regulates fishing, including the conservation and protection of fish and their spawning grounds. The
433:
229:
130:
801:
1444:
1122:
534:
506:
168:
110:
23:
1088:
546:
497:(SARA) is the federal government legislation to prevent wildlife species from becoming extinct.
316:
125:
100:
1165:
526:
406:
163:
1062:
884:
816:
1183:
1027:
556:
466:
390:
389:
consist of approximately 12.1 percent of the nation's landmass and freshwater are considered
530:
8:
545:. A Marine Wildlife Area is used to protect marine environments that are within Canada's
494:
482:
417:
283:
845:. e CanadianBiosphere Reserves Association and the Canadian Commission for UNESCO. 2018.
762:
538:
522:
306:
301:
39:
31:
1068:
890:
822:
437:
311:
541:, that is, extending up to 12 nautical miles (22 km) away from a coast per the
517:, while also under federal control, do not afford the same level of protection. The
1341:
450:
1049:
1315:
1038:
394:
70:
59:
53:
1126:
485:
of 1973 goal is research on wildlife with a focus on larger species. The 1985
1119:
Proceedings of the 1997 Conference of the
Canadian Council on Ecological Areas
493:
established a system of national marine conservation areas in 2002. Canada's
1624:
1329:
734:
486:
349:
1148:"Canadian Provinces/Territories By Percentage Of Protected Terrestrial Area"
943:
477:, which regulates the hunting of transcontinental migratory birds under the
969:"Proposed Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area: regulatory strategy"
510:
470:
566:
Another form of conservation is made by land owners who want to preserve
465:
Canada established the world's first national park management agency the
1205:
924:
Government of Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (December 13, 2017).
509:
is to preserve ecological integrity. These parks are administered by
429:
425:
454:
407:
co-managed and overseen by government and local indigenous agencies
842:
440:
with over 2,400 lakes and 1,200 kilometers of streams and rivers.
432:
forest, and alpine landscapes. Canada's oldest provincial park,
421:
567:
251:
886:
Mountain Area
Research and Management: Integrated Approaches
570:
for future generations by placing a covenant on their land.
1017:
Canada-US convention protecting migratory birds - Canada.ca
967:
Canada, Environment and
Climate Change (February 7, 2013).
814:
256:
563:
for public recreation and foliage preservation in cities.
473:
in 1911. In 1916, Canada and the United States signed the
553:
Provincial and territorial governments also protect areas
911:"Algonquin Provincial Park Management Plan | ontario.ca"
16:
Areas protected for conservation or historical reasons
573:
1371:
923:
724:
1064:
808:
1622:
1060:
988:"Parks Canada celebrates a century of discovery"
926:"Spotlight on Marine Protected Areas in Canada"
882:
543:United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
442:Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area
1089:"Environment Canada's Protected Areas Network"
1357:
1191:
1050:Canada National Marine Conservation Areas Act
944:"Scott Islands Marine National Widllife Area"
367:
1115:"Casting the bottom line on the blue planet"
700:List of Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of Canada
782:
780:
778:
705:List of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Canada
447:Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area
1364:
1350:
1198:
1184:
1054:
860:"The Mountain Guide – Banff National Park"
374:
360:
758:List of Wildlife Species at Risk (Canada)
753:List of invasive species in North America
710:List of national historic sites of Canada
695:List of National Wildlife Areas in Canada
876:
775:
500:
1106:
790:. Environment and Climate Canada. 2020.
393:, including 11.4 percent designated as
1623:
966:
815:Karen Beazley; Robert Baldwin (2019).
715:List of World Heritage Sites in Canada
491:National Marine Conservation Areas Act
1345:
1179:
1081:
985:
843:"UNESCO Biosphere Reserves of Canada"
748:Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society
865:. Parks Canada. 2006. Archived from
574:Lists of conserved areas and sites
13:
1168:. The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2017.
804:. The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2014.
743:Aquatic invasive species in Canada
515:National Marine Conservation Areas
14:
1642:
1372:Protected areas of North America
1112:
1067:. Nelson Education. p. 318.
998:from the original on May 16, 2011
1485:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1323:
1310:
1309:
1061:Nelson Education (16 May 2016).
818:Biodiversity and Protected Areas
727:
690:List of National Parks of Canada
685:List of Canadian protected areas
671:
343:
38:
1158:
1140:
1043:
1032:
1021:
1010:
979:
960:
889:. Earthscan. pp. 217–218.
936:
917:
903:
852:
835:
794:
479:Migratory Birds Convention Act
460:
1:
768:
1610:United States Virgin Islands
986:Irish, Paul (May 13, 2011).
7:
1095:. Canadian Wildlife Service
720:
678:Protected areas by province
10:
1647:
788:"Canada's conserved areas"
535:Migratory Bird Sanctuaries
475:Migratory Birds Convention
1631:Protected areas of Canada
1585:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
1503:
1377:
1305:
1279:
1246:Newfoundland and Labrador
1218:
1207:Protected areas of Canada
555:within their boundaries.
519:Canadian Wildlife Service
434:Algonquin Provincial Park
414:UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
387:Protected areas of Canada
1605:Turks and Caicos Islands
1123:Natural Resources Canada
883:Martin F. Price (2013).
141:Aquatic invasive species
547:Exclusive Economic Zone
527:National Wildlife Areas
1535:British Virgin Islands
501:Conservation agencies
317:Canadian Boreal Forest
164:National Wildlife Area
1475:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1287:Northwest Territories
1211:province or territory
821:. MDPI. p. 112.
561:municipal governments
557:Urban parks in Canada
531:Marine Wildlife Areas
505:The primary focus of
467:Dominion Parks Branch
1261:Prince Edward Island
1093:Hinterland Who's Who
332:Environmental issues
179:Wildlife sanctuaries
1490:Trinidad and Tobago
1385:Antigua and Barbuda
1028:Canada Wildlife Act
495:Species at Risk Act
483:Canada Wildlife Act
418:Banff National Park
284:Canada Wildlife Act
1425:Dominican Republic
763:Wildlife of Canada
539:territorial waters
523:Environment Canada
391:conservation areas
136:Endangered species
1618:
1617:
1507:other territories
1339:
1338:
1330:Canada portal
1074:978-0-17-675682-6
930:www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
896:978-1-84977-201-3
872:on June 15, 2006.
828:978-3-03897-732-2
802:"Protected Areas"
438:old-growth forest
384:
383:
350:Canada portal
322:Botanical gardens
32:Canadian wildlife
1638:
1575:Saint Barthélemy
1505:Dependencies and
1378:Sovereign states
1366:
1359:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1328:
1327:
1326:
1313:
1312:
1231:British Columbia
1200:
1193:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1125:. Archived from
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1058:
1052:
1047:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1003:
983:
977:
976:
964:
958:
957:
955:
954:
948:Protected Planet
940:
934:
933:
921:
915:
914:
907:
901:
900:
880:
874:
873:
871:
864:
856:
850:
846:
839:
833:
832:
812:
806:
805:
798:
792:
791:
784:
737:
732:
731:
730:
675:
559:are operated by
521:, a division of
451:British Columbia
376:
369:
362:
348:
347:
346:
327:Zoos and Aquaria
184:Bird sanctuaries
174:Provincial parks
42:
19:
18:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1508:
1506:
1499:
1373:
1370:
1340:
1335:
1324:
1322:
1301:
1275:
1214:
1204:
1174:
1173:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1132:
1130:
1111:
1107:
1098:
1096:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1059:
1055:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1033:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1011:
1001:
999:
984:
980:
965:
961:
952:
950:
942:
941:
937:
922:
918:
909:
908:
904:
897:
881:
877:
869:
862:
858:
857:
853:
841:
840:
836:
829:
813:
809:
800:
799:
795:
786:
785:
776:
771:
733:
728:
726:
723:
681:
680:
679:
676:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
600:
593:
586:
576:
503:
463:
403:Polar Bear Pass
395:protected areas
380:
344:
342:
337:
336:
297:
289:
288:
278:Associated acts
207:
199:
198:
158:Protected areas
154:
146:
145:
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1644:
1634:
1633:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1595:Sint Eustatius
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1540:Cayman Islands
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1511:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1319:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1215:
1203:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1157:
1139:
1105:
1080:
1073:
1053:
1042:
1031:
1020:
1009:
978:
959:
935:
916:
902:
895:
875:
851:
834:
827:
807:
793:
773:
772:
770:
767:
766:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
739:
738:
722:
719:
718:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
677:
664:
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
622:
615:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
579:
578:
577:
575:
572:
525:, manages the
507:national parks
502:
499:
462:
459:
382:
381:
379:
378:
371:
364:
356:
353:
352:
339:
338:
335:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
298:
296:Related topics
295:
294:
291:
290:
287:
286:
275:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
238:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
197:
196:
191:
189:Nature centers
186:
181:
176:
171:
169:National Parks
166:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
144:
143:
138:
133:
128:
123:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
51:
48:
47:
44:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1502:
1496:
1495:United States
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1332:
1331:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1241:New Brunswick
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1167:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1129:on 2008-06-12
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1094:
1090:
1084:
1076:
1070:
1066:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1046:
1040:
1039:Fisheries Act
1035:
1029:
1024:
1018:
1013:
997:
993:
989:
982:
974:
970:
963:
949:
945:
939:
931:
927:
920:
912:
906:
898:
892:
888:
887:
879:
868:
861:
855:
849:
844:
838:
830:
824:
820:
819:
811:
803:
797:
789:
783:
781:
779:
774:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
736:
735:Canada portal
725:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
682:
674:
669:
668:
662:
661:
655:
654:
648:
647:
641:
640:
634:
633:
627:
626:
620:
619:
613:
612:
606:
605:
599:
598:
592:
591:
585:
584:
571:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
498:
496:
492:
488:
487:Fisheries Act
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
458:
456:
452:
448:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
398:
396:
392:
388:
377:
372:
370:
365:
363:
358:
357:
355:
354:
351:
341:
340:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
299:
293:
292:
285:
282:
281:
280:
279:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
244:
243:
242:
241:International
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
212:
211:
206:Organizations
203:
202:
195:
194:Wetland sites
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
161:
160:
159:
150:
149:
142:
139:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
119:
117:
114:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
63:
62:
61:
56:
55:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
1600:Sint Maarten
1580:Saint Martin
1404:
1321:
1314:
1271:Saskatchewan
1206:
1166:"City parks"
1160:
1151:
1142:
1131:. Retrieved
1127:the original
1118:
1108:
1097:. Retrieved
1092:
1083:
1063:
1056:
1045:
1034:
1023:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
992:Toronto Star
991:
981:
972:
962:
951:. Retrieved
947:
938:
929:
919:
905:
885:
878:
867:the original
854:
837:
817:
810:
796:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
565:
551:
511:Parks Canada
504:
471:Parks Canada
464:
412:Canada's 18
411:
399:
386:
385:
277:
276:
240:
239:
209:
157:
156:
153:Conservation
58:
52:
49:Biodiversity
1570:Puerto Rico
1480:Saint Lucia
1430:El Salvador
1280:Territories
1251:Nova Scotia
1113:Wiken, Ed.
461:Legislation
96:Butterflies
76:Wildflowers
1565:Montserrat
1560:Martinique
1555:Guadeloupe
1410:Costa Rica
1152:WorldAtlas
1133:2008-01-29
1099:2019-03-14
953:2020-09-25
769:References
430:coniferous
426:ice fields
302:Ecoregions
116:Amphibians
1550:Greenland
1465:Nicaragua
1440:Guatemala
1219:Provinces
1625:Category
1515:Anguilla
1450:Honduras
1420:Dominica
1395:Barbados
1316:Category
1236:Manitoba
996:Archived
721:See also
455:seabirds
428:, dense
422:glaciers
307:Forestry
210:National
121:Reptiles
91:Odonates
81:Molluscs
24:a series
22:Part of
1545:Curaçao
1530:Bonaire
1525:Bermuda
1455:Jamaica
1435:Grenada
1390:Bahamas
1292:Nunavut
1256:Ontario
1226:Alberta
1002:May 18,
312:Tourism
220:COSEWIC
131:Mammals
106:Spiders
66:Grasses
1470:Panama
1460:Mexico
1405:Canada
1400:Belize
1266:Quebec
1071:
893:
825:
568:nature
533:, and
481:. The
405:, are
1520:Aruba
1445:Haiti
1297:Yukon
870:(PDF)
863:(PDF)
252:CITES
126:Birds
101:Moths
71:Trees
60:Fauna
54:Flora
1590:Saba
1415:Cuba
1209:(by
1069:ISBN
1004:2011
891:ISBN
823:ISBN
469:now
424:and
267:WSPA
262:WAZA
257:IUCN
215:CAZA
111:Fish
86:Ants
57:and
973:aem
848:PDF
453:'s
272:WWF
247:AZA
235:WPC
230:CWS
225:CWF
1627::
1150:.
1121:.
1117:.
1091:.
994:.
990:.
971:.
946:.
928:.
777:^
667:NU
660:NT
653:YT
646:NL
639:NS
632:PE
625:NB
618:QC
611:ON
604:MB
597:SK
590:AB
583:BC
529:,
513:.
457:.
409:.
26:on
1365:e
1358:t
1351:v
1213:)
1199:e
1192:t
1185:v
1154:.
1136:.
1102:.
1077:.
1006:.
975:.
956:.
932:.
913:.
899:.
831:.
375:e
368:t
361:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
