588:
580:
105:
668:
263:
80:
600:
56:
824:
716:, would pick the bean-sized fruits of a tree called "pontic" and squeeze from them a drinkable black juice, making afterwards, from the residue of the pressing, a type of cake. This juice and the "cakes" produced in its manufacture were, according to Herodotus (who derived his account from the reports of
675:
In Russia the fruit of the tree is still used for culinary purposes. The dried berries are milled into a flour of variable fineness that forms the principal ingredient of bird-cherry cake. The flour is brown, and so is the cake, even though there is no chocolate in it. Both flour and cake are sold in
732:) by which the bald Argippeans called theirs. As might well be expected of so cherry-loving a race, the Argippeans – a just and kindly people – took good care of their trees, protecting them from the harsh winters of their homeland – seemingly by incorporating them (as a central pole symbolising the
748:
cloth, but using no felt in summer. These people are wronged by no man, for they are said to be sacred; nor have they any weapon of war. These are they who judge in the quarrels between their neighbours; moreover, whatever banished man has taken refuge with them is wronged by
1102:
679:
The variety commutata is sold as an ornamental tree in North
America under the common name Mayday. It is valued for its hardiness and spring display of fragrant, white flowers. The common name Mayday tree refers to the
811:
The Mayday tree is abundant as an introduced species in
Anchorage, Alaska, having been planted in great numbers by landscapers and homeowners. It displaces native trees and is harmful to moose and to young salmon.
720:
traders), the main sustenance of the "bald people". Furthermore, according to A. D. Godley (translator of an edition of the works of
Herodotus published in the early 1920s) it was said that the
804:
The tree was used medicinally during the Middle Ages, during which period it was also believed that the bark of the tree, placed at the door, would ward off
785:) signifies the start of the summer for many people. In southern Finland, this normally takes place during the two last weeks of May or very early June.
460:
is native to
Morocco and temperate Eurasia from the British Isles to Japan. Its distribution includes all Western and Central Europe north of the
1469:
645:
1641:
1676:
1159:
676:
local stores and bakeries. In a more conventional method of preparation, fresh bird cherries may also be minced and cooked to make jam.
1551:
1342:
1404:
1355:
969:
664:
The fruit of this tree is seldom used in western Europe, but, long ago, may possibly have been used as a food far to the east.
1435:
938:
1530:
1691:
1409:
1316:
1686:
1246:
1062:
1474:
1391:
104:
1569:
1119:
1456:
688:. The name for the tree was in use prior to the adoption of "mayday" (the phonetic equivalent of the French
1334:
1085:
1577:
1269:
1264:
1228:
1564:
1360:
909:
1671:
1666:
1484:
1430:
884:
1661:
1656:
1448:
1556:
1646:
1329:
1209:
1171:
1510:
753:
237:
1422:
1383:
1005:
953:
The Status of Prunus padus L. (Bird Cherry) in Forest
Communities throughout Europe and Asia
1696:
1290:
1075:
The London
Journal: and Weekly Record of Literature, Science, and Art, Volume 32, page 475.
587:
1140:
970:
Invasive Plant Issues: Control of
Invasive Chokecherry Trees (Prunus padus and virginiana)
712:, all bald from birth, who lived in an area identifiable possibly as the foothills of the
8:
1145:
797:
A taboo on the use of the wood of the hackberry (or hagberry) was reported by natives of
69:
579:
1613:
1037:
619:
421:
275:
210:
99:
24:
986:
861:
1681:
1505:
1277:
1029:
473:
1041:
626:) uses bird-cherry as its host plant, and the larvae can eat single trees leafless.
1618:
1543:
1282:
1021:
879:
805:
509:
489:
1233:
1220:
1651:
1582:
1492:
608:
446:
434:
396:
142:
1605:
1461:
1153:
1538:
1003:
485:
477:
442:
129:
1635:
1417:
1321:
1194:
1098:
870:
838:
253:
89:
84:
1103:
Some
Folklore of Trees, Animals, and River-fishing from the N.E. of Scotland
1595:
829:
667:
481:
419:
up to 16 metres (52 ft) tall. It is the type species of the subgenus
35:
1520:
1033:
952:
1443:
1368:
1256:
1203:
1025:
790:
709:
1497:
1347:
733:
652:, which can be poisonous to some mammals, are present in some parts of
630:
533:
524:
It is an invasive species in Alaska, prompting efforts at eradication.
438:
1373:
1303:
744:
They dwell each man under a tree, covering it in winter with a white
705:
649:
642:
599:
521:
469:
408:
262:
1165:
55:
1590:
1188:
721:
717:
517:
505:
497:
461:
400:
188:
155:
1396:
1308:
1158:- information, genetic conservation units and related resources.
974:
Cooperative
Extension Service, University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
801:, in northeast Scotland, who believed it to be a "witches tree".
770:
681:
501:
178:
823:
611:
and pollinated by bees and flies. The fruit is readily eaten by
1295:
1241:
774:
685:
592:
537:
493:
430:
426:
404:
198:
168:
1004:
N.D.Sargison; D.S.Williamson; J.R.Duncan; R.W.McCance (1996).
798:
713:
513:
416:
116:
853:
745:
737:
612:
465:
412:
1124:
Kenai
Peninsula Cooperative Invasive Species Management,
708:(writing some 2500 years ago) a strange race called the
696:, "come help me") as an international distress signal.
16:
Species of flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae
959:
Vol. 11, No. 5, Apr. 29, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
859:
819:
1050:
contain the glycosides prulaurasin and amygdalin...
728:, but also called it by a name similar to the one (
629:In North America the tree is often attacked by the
615:, which do not perceive astringency as unpleasant.
500:. In Asia it is found throughout the forests of
1633:
885:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T172090A61616618.en
842:– A pocket plum gall that occurs on bird cherry
1160:European Forest Genetic Resources Programme
1120:Chokecherry: Alaska's Pretty Problem Plant
993:. Science & Plants for Schools (U.K.).
656:, including the leaves, stems and fruits.
261:
78:
54:
1088:. Loeb Classical Library at LacusCurtius.
883:
520:, and parts of China with pockets in the
666:
598:
586:
578:
777:, the blooming of bird cherry (Finnish
1634:
1092:
904:
902:
1170:
1169:
1126:July 11, 2022. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
794:refers to a blooming of bird cherry.
740:-like felt tents in which they lived:
1485:4c925c4c-a157-42b2-8931-095ff527afa5
1642:IUCN Red List least concern species
899:
871:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
724:not only made a similar juice from
13:
1677:Trees of humid continental climate
1010:(bird cherry) poisoning in cattle"
14:
1708:
1133:
997:
472:with small pockets also found in
1570:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:730076-1
822:
603:A bird-cherry tree in full bloom
103:
1112:
1078:
1046:...stems, leaves and fruits of
860:Rhodes, L.; Maxted, N. (2016).
452:
1069:
1055:
979:
962:
945:
931:
527:
1:
939:"Prunus padus – Plant Finder"
846:
19:For the bird cherry subgenus
919:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
7:
1692:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
815:
484:. It also inhabits all of
10:
1713:
1063:"Agriculture and Forestry"
917:Plants of the World Online
764:
699:
574:
557:, Europe and western Asia.
33:. Not to be confused with
18:
1178:
684:, being unrelated to the
636:
543:There are two varieties:
281:
274:
269:
260:
243:
236:
100:Scientific classification
98:
76:
67:
62:
53:
46:
1687:Plants described in 1753
1109:. Volume 7, 1889. p. 41.
671:Bird cherry pie, Siberia
659:
976:Retrieved May 5, 2024.
878:: e.T172090A61616618.
762:
686:distress signal mayday
672:
604:
596:
584:
1107:The Folk-Lore Journal
951:Nestby, Rolf D. J., "
760:) Book IV, Chapter 23
742:
670:
624:Yponomeuta evonymella
602:
590:
582:
445:, and is grown as an
403:. It is a species of
1026:10.1136/vr.138.8.188
548:European bird cherry
510:the Russian Far East
496:, as well as in the
63:Bird cherry flowers
1146:Plants for a Future
433:. It is native to
70:Conservation status
1086:"Herodotus, IV.23"
955:," in the journal
673:
620:bird-cherry ermine
605:
597:
585:
480:and even parts of
449:in North America.
341:Asch & Graebn.
1629:
1628:
1506:Open Tree of Life
1172:Taxon identifiers
1014:Veterinary Record
968:Graziano, Gino. "
561:Asian bird cherry
468:and south of the
372:
371:
362:
354:
342:
330:
322:
314:
306:
298:
270:Distribution map
93:
1704:
1672:Medicinal plants
1667:Flora of Ukraine
1622:
1621:
1609:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1586:
1585:
1573:
1572:
1560:
1559:
1547:
1546:
1534:
1533:
1524:
1523:
1514:
1513:
1501:
1500:
1488:
1487:
1478:
1477:
1465:
1464:
1462:NBNSYS0000003419
1452:
1451:
1439:
1438:
1426:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1400:
1399:
1387:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1364:
1363:
1351:
1350:
1338:
1337:
1325:
1324:
1312:
1311:
1299:
1298:
1286:
1285:
1273:
1272:
1260:
1259:
1250:
1249:
1237:
1236:
1224:
1223:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1167:
1166:
1150:
1127:
1116:
1110:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1076:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1001:
995:
994:
983:
977:
966:
960:
949:
943:
942:
935:
929:
928:
926:
924:
906:
897:
896:
894:
892:
887:
857:
832:
827:
826:
682:May Day festival
618:In Eurasia, the
607:The flowers are
490:Balkan Mountains
360:
352:
340:
328:
320:
312:
304:
302:Cerasus racemosa
296:
265:
249:
215:
108:
107:
87:
82:
81:
58:
44:
43:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1662:Flora of Norway
1657:Flora of Europe
1632:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1617:
1612:
1604:
1602:
1594:
1589:
1581:
1576:
1568:
1563:
1555:
1550:
1542:
1537:
1529:
1527:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1504:
1496:
1493:Observation.org
1491:
1483:
1481:
1473:
1468:
1460:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1434:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1395:
1390:
1382:
1380:
1372:
1367:
1359:
1354:
1346:
1341:
1333:
1328:
1320:
1315:
1307:
1302:
1294:
1289:
1281:
1276:
1268:
1263:
1255:
1253:
1245:
1240:
1232:
1227:
1219:
1217:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1174:
1139:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1118:Chauvet, Jen. "
1117:
1113:
1097:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1070:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1002:
998:
985:
984:
980:
967:
963:
950:
946:
937:
936:
932:
922:
920:
908:
907:
900:
890:
888:
858:
854:
849:
828:
821:
818:
788:Ukrainian song
767:
751:
750:
702:
662:
639:
591:Bird cherries (
577:
570:, eastern Asia.
530:
455:
435:northern Europe
397:flowering plant
368:
365:
358:Prunus racemosa
287:
286:
256:
251:
245:
232:
213:
102:
94:
83:
79:
72:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1623:
1619:wfo-0001008273
1610:
1600:
1587:
1574:
1561:
1548:
1535:
1525:
1515:
1502:
1489:
1479:
1466:
1453:
1440:
1427:
1414:
1401:
1388:
1378:
1365:
1352:
1339:
1326:
1313:
1300:
1287:
1274:
1261:
1251:
1238:
1225:
1215:
1200:
1184:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1164:
1163:
1151:
1141:"Prunus padus"
1135:
1134:External links
1132:
1129:
1128:
1111:
1091:
1077:
1068:
1054:
996:
987:"Bird cherry (
978:
972:," Nov. 2020,
961:
944:
930:
898:
851:
850:
848:
845:
844:
843:
834:
833:
817:
814:
766:
763:
752:— Herodotus,
701:
698:
661:
658:
638:
635:
609:hermaphroditic
576:
573:
572:
571:
558:
529:
526:
486:Eastern Europe
478:Northern Italy
454:
451:
443:northeast Asia
370:
369:
367:
366:
364:
363:
355:
343:
331:
326:Padus racemosa
323:
315:
310:Druparia padus
307:
299:
297:(L.) Delarbre
290:
284:
283:
282:
279:
278:
272:
271:
267:
266:
258:
257:
252:
241:
240:
234:
233:
226:
224:
220:
219:
208:
204:
203:
196:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
159:
158:
153:
146:
145:
140:
133:
132:
127:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
96:
95:
77:
74:
73:
68:
65:
64:
60:
59:
51:
50:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1709:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:Bird cherries
1645:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1607:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1526:
1522:
1516:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1211:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1168:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1125:
1121:
1115:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:Walter Gregor
1095:
1087:
1081:
1072:
1064:
1058:
1051:
1049:
1048:P. padus
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1000:
992:
990:
982:
975:
971:
965:
958:
954:
948:
940:
934:
918:
915:
913:
905:
903:
886:
881:
877:
873:
872:
867:
865:
856:
852:
841:
840:
839:Taphrina padi
836:
835:
831:
825:
820:
813:
809:
807:
802:
800:
795:
793:
792:
786:
784:
780:
776:
772:
761:
759:
758:The Histories
755:
747:
741:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
704:According to
697:
695:
694:venez m'aider
691:
687:
683:
677:
669:
665:
657:
655:
654:P. padus
651:
647:
644:
634:
632:
627:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
601:
594:
589:
581:
569:
565:
562:
559:
556:
552:
549:
546:
545:
544:
541:
539:
535:
532:The fruit is
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
488:north of the
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
425:, which have
424:
423:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
377:
359:
356:
351:
347:
344:
339:
335:
332:
327:
324:
319:
316:
311:
308:
303:
300:
295:
294:Cerasus padus
292:
291:
289:
288:
280:
277:
273:
268:
264:
259:
255:
250:
248:
242:
239:
238:Binomial name
235:
231:
230:
229:P. padus
225:
222:
221:
218:
217:
209:
206:
205:
202:
201:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
157:
154:
151:
148:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
130:Tracheophytes
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
106:
101:
97:
91:
86:
85:Least Concern
75:
71:
66:
61:
57:
52:
49:
45:
42:
38:
37:
32:
31:
27:
22:
1521:Prunus_padus
1247:prunus-padus
1210:Prunus padus
1180:Prunus padus
1179:
1155:Prunus padus
1154:
1144:
1123:
1114:
1106:
1094:
1080:
1071:
1057:
1047:
1045:
1017:
1013:
1008:Prunus Padus
1007:
999:
989:Prunus padus
988:
981:
973:
964:
956:
947:
933:
921:. Retrieved
916:
912:Prunus padus
911:
889:. Retrieved
875:
869:
864:Prunus padus
863:
855:
837:
830:Trees portal
810:
803:
796:
789:
787:
782:
778:
768:
757:
743:
729:
726:Prunus padus
725:
703:
693:
689:
678:
674:
663:
653:
640:
628:
623:
617:
606:
567:
564:Prunus padus
563:
560:
554:
551:Prunus padus
550:
547:
542:
531:
482:North Africa
458:Prunus padus
457:
456:
453:Distribution
420:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:Prunus padus
375:
374:
373:
357:
349:
346:Prunus padus
345:
337:
334:Prunus padus
333:
329:C.K.Schneid.
325:
317:
313:(L.) Clairv.
309:
301:
293:
247:Prunus padus
246:
244:
228:
227:
211:
199:
162:
149:
136:
123:
48:Prunus padus
47:
41:
36:Prunus avium
34:
29:
25:
20:
1697:Fruit trees
1444:NatureServe
1369:iNaturalist
1204:Wikispecies
891:19 November
791:Cheremshyna
736:) into the
710:Argippaeans
646:prulaurasin
583:Pollination
536:due to its
528:Description
401:rose family
393:Mayday tree
381:bird cherry
379:, known as
318:Padus avium
143:Angiosperms
1636:Categories
1539:Plant List
1162:(EUFORGEN)
1020:(8): 188.
847:References
781:, Swedish
734:axis mundi
643:glycosides
631:black knot
534:astringent
447:ornamental
207:Subgenus:
1335:242341600
706:Herodotus
650:amygdalin
568:commutata
540:content.
522:Himalayas
415:or large
409:deciduous
385:hackberry
223:Species:
113:Kingdom:
1682:Cherries
1603:VASCAN:
1596:27801114
1591:Tropicos
1518:PalDat:
1449:2.136816
1397:730076-1
1254:BioLib:
1189:Wikidata
1042:43622812
957:Forests,
923:17 March
816:See also
754:Ἱστορίαι
722:Cossacks
718:Scythian
633:fungus.
518:Hokkaido
506:Mongolia
498:Caucasus
492:and the
470:treeline
464:and the
462:Pyrenees
439:northern
389:hagberry
350:racemosa
276:Synonyms
189:Rosaceae
185:Family:
156:Eudicots
90:IUCN 3.1
1511:1004570
1431:MoBotPF
1348:3021037
1195:Q165424
1034:8677622
771:Finland
765:Culture
700:History
692:– from
690:m'aider
575:Ecology
502:Siberia
431:racemes
427:flowers
399:in the
395:, is a
338:genuina
212:Prunus
195:Genus:
179:Rosales
175:Order:
117:Plantae
88: (
1652:Prunus
1552:PLANTS
1544:rjp-45
1482:NZOR:
1436:286450
1423:172090
1374:143793
1322:180306
1296:632532
1270:291921
1242:ARKive
1234:439363
1221:152763
1218:APDB:
1040:
1032:
806:plague
775:Sweden
637:Poison
622:moth (
593:drupes
538:tannin
494:Steppe
474:Iberia
411:small
405:cherry
200:Prunus
169:Rosids
28:subg.
26:Prunus
23:, see
1583:14012
1557:PRPA5
1528:PFI:
1475:97307
1410:24798
1384:11575
1381:IPA:
1361:30057
1317:EUNIS
1309:PRNPA
1283:4N93X
1257:39521
1038:S2CID
799:Advie
779:tuomi
749:none.
730:aschu
714:Urals
613:birds
566:var.
555:padus
553:var.
514:Korea
422:Padus
417:shrub
391:, or
353:Domin
348:ssp.
336:var.
321:Mill.
216:Padus
214:subg.
163:Clade
150:Clade
137:Clade
124:Clade
30:Padus
21:Padus
1606:8870
1565:POWO
1531:2233
1498:7267
1470:NCBI
1418:IUCN
1405:ITIS
1392:IPNI
1356:GRIN
1343:GBIF
1304:EPPO
1265:BOLD
1229:APNI
1030:PMID
925:2024
893:2021
876:2016
783:hägg
773:and
746:felt
738:yurt
660:Uses
648:and
641:The
476:and
466:Alps
441:and
437:and
413:tree
407:, a
361:Lam.
305:Gray
285:List
1614:WFO
1578:RHS
1457:NBN
1330:FNA
1291:EoL
1278:CoL
1122:,"
1105:".
1101:, "
1022:doi
1018:138
914:L."
880:doi
769:In
429:in
1638::
1616::
1593::
1580::
1567::
1554::
1541::
1508::
1495::
1472::
1459::
1446::
1433::
1420::
1407::
1394::
1371::
1358::
1345::
1332::
1319::
1306::
1293::
1280::
1267::
1244::
1231::
1206::
1191::
1143:.
1044:.
1036:.
1028:.
1016:.
1012:.
991:)"
901:^
874:.
868:.
808:.
516:,
512:,
508:,
504:,
387:,
383:,
254:L.
165::
152::
139::
126::
1149:.
1065:.
1024::
1006:"
941:.
927:.
910:"
895:.
882::
866:"
862:"
756:(
595:)
92:)
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
