345:
393:
369:
42:
405:
357:
333:
417:
321:
230:
381:
243:. Experiments in 1874 with both 12 in (30 cm) and 12.5 in (32 cm) versions 3 ft (91 cm) longer than the existing 12 in (30 cm) gun showed the 12.5 in (32 cm) calibre was more suitable, and further experiments showed a projectile of 800 lb (360 kg) could be fired with a charge of 130 lb (59 kg) of P2 gunpowder without undue strain. The same construction as in the existing 12 in (30 cm) 35-ton gun was used : a
460:
Images 3–9 show the range of ammunition for the RML 12.5-inch gun in 1885. By this time the gun no longer fired studded ammunition without gas-checks. Instead there were two sets of ammunition available, namely: older studded ammunition with attached gas-checks Mk II, and newer studless ammunition
1188:
254:
The gun was rifled on the "Woolwich" pattern of a small number of broad shallow rounded grooves, with 9 grooves increasing from 0 to 1 turn in 35 calibres ( i.e. 1 turn in 437.5 in (1,111 cm)).
461:
with automatic gas-checks. Case ammunition neither was studded nor required gas-checks. Also by this time, attached gas-checks Mk I as shown in image 2 had been superseded by attached gas-checks Mk II.
564:
Muzzle velocity of 1,575 feet/second firing an 809lb 6oz projectile with a charge of 210 pounds Prism2 black powder, is quoted for Mark II gun in "Text Book of
Gunnery 1887" Table XVI.
631:
Handbook for the R.M.L. 12.5-inch 38-ton gun, marks I and II : casemate, dwarf, and small port mountings (land service). Great
Britain. War Office. London : H.M.S.O. 1885
682:
555:
1,425 feet/second firing 800-pound projectile with "Battering charge" of 130 pounds "P2" (gunpowder). Treatise on
Construction of Service Ordnance 1877, page 347.
1655:
1650:
1760:
1159:
784:
779:
802:
675:
306:
When the gun was first introduced projectiles had several rows of "studs" which engaged with the gun's rifling to impart spin. Sometime after 1878, "
1193:
761:
307:
668:
637:
Handbook for the 12.5-inch 38-ton R.M.L. gun, marks I and II, casemate, dwarf, and small part mountings land service 1888, 1893, 1899, 1904
1750:
1152:
344:
310:" were fitted to the bases of the studded shells, reducing wear on the guns and improving their range and accuracy. Subsequently, "
17:
601:
Text Book of
Gunnery, 1887. LONDON : PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE, BY HARRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE
392:
747:
703:
368:
1603:
1024:
999:
892:
869:
817:
404:
1039:
965:
356:
1613:
1563:
1145:
1072:
1014:
266:
1517:
251:"B" tube, triple coil in front of the trunnion, coiled breech-piece and breech coil. This was approved in January 1875.
1608:
1593:
1568:
1338:
1067:
1009:
994:
989:
974:
1137:
603:
1348:
1275:
1062:
905:
41:
1004:
169:
1482:
1363:
1343:
1029:
1019:
834:
829:
314:" were developed which could rotate shells, allowing the deployment of a new range of studless ammunition.
1198:
1765:
1530:
1401:
979:
332:
258:
Mark II had an enlarged powder chamber and attained higher muzzle velocity and slightly longer range.
1755:
1535:
1512:
1502:
1406:
1218:
910:
882:
850:
596:
Treatise on the construction and manufacture of ordnance in the
British service. War Office, UK, 1877
261:
This gun was the final development of large
British rifled muzzle-loading guns before it switched to
660:
1578:
1487:
1455:
984:
859:
839:
416:
1558:
1373:
1368:
1057:
490:
47:
1623:
1052:
1047:
955:
945:
940:
935:
930:
278:
240:
1598:
1507:
1492:
1435:
1430:
1358:
1108:
925:
320:
239:
The gun originated from a desire for a longer 12 in (30 cm) gun than the existing
1588:
1445:
1383:
1353:
1270:
920:
642:
520:
506:
501:
496:
285:
262:
218:
1540:
8:
1525:
1477:
1077:
756:
717:
712:
595:
526:
380:
1573:
1497:
1440:
1295:
1285:
1223:
470:
311:
159:
1550:
1378:
1290:
1167:
1126:
807:
722:
502:
No 22 of 1876 outside
Calbourne Mill, Isle of Wight, originally at Cliff End Battery
298:
commissioned in 1885, the last
British warships completed with muzzle-loading guns.
1213:
1203:
1180:
873:
229:
516:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1642:
1469:
1324:
1305:
1300:
1280:
1260:
1228:
771:
737:
654:
648:
292:
190:
221:
guns designed for
British battleships and were also employed for coast defence.
1714:
1583:
1168:
1103:
915:
732:
727:
691:
173:
1265:
1744:
1172:
896:
695:
607:
600:
510:
165:
123:
636:
630:
612:
1393:
483:
429:
265:
beginning in 1880. It was succeeded in its class on new battleships by the
248:
1724:
1719:
1706:
1628:
1255:
1098:
1093:
1464:
1250:
1208:
244:
143:
92:
438:
RML 12.5in
Studded Palliser Shell Mk III with Attached Gas-Check Mk II
1729:
1422:
1315:
690:
59:
444:
RML 12.5in Studded Shrapnel Shell Mk I with Attached Gas-check Mk II
1416:
794:
435:
RML 12.5in Studded Shrapnel Shell Mk I with Attached Gas-Check Mk I
441:
RML 12.5in Studded Common Shell Mk I with Attached Gas-Check Mk II
1118:
180:
573:
Treatise on Construction of Service Ordnance 1877, pages 286-287
456:
RML 12.5in Studless Shrapnel Shell Mk I with Automatic Gas-check
450:
RML 12.5in Studless Palliser Shell Mk I with Automatic Gas-Check
1238:
582:
Handbook for RML 12.5-inch gun (1885) pp. 32-33; Plates XI-XIV
453:
RML 12.5in Studless Common Shell Mk I with Automatic Gas-Check
1242:
616:
Handbook for the R.M.L. 12.5-inch 38-ton Gun, Marks I and II
649:
Diagram of gun on Casemate Platform, 6 feet recoil Mark III
613:
546:
Treatise on Construction of Service Ordnance 1877, page 292
643:
Diagram of gun on small port 6-foot recoil carriage
527:Gun number 87 and 95, dated 1878. Now in the ditch
197:Mk II : 1,575 feet per second (480 m/s)
1742:
195:Mk I : 1,425 feet per second (434 m/s)
1153:
676:
540:
1761:Victorian-era weapons of the United Kingdom
164:800 to 809 pounds (362.9 to 367.0 kg)
1160:
1146:
683:
669:
655:Diagram of gun on Dwarf 'C' Pivot Mark III
618:. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
247:"A" tube toughened in oil, surrounded by
657:at Victorian Forts and Artillery website
651:at Victorian Forts and Artillery website
645:at Victorian Forts and Artillery website
228:
533:
207:Mk II : 6,500 yards (5,900 m)
14:
1743:
205:Mk I : 6,000 yards (5,500 m)
1141:
664:
493:, UK, originally at Cliff End Battery
486:, UK, originally at Cliff End Battery
476:
428:RML 12.5in Studded Shell, located at
614:Sectretary of State for War (1885).
267:BL 12 in (30 cm) Mk II gun
24:
497:Outside Fort Albert, Isle of Wight
34:Ordnance RML 12.5-inch 38-ton gun
25:
1777:
1171:small arms & ordnance of the
624:
1751:Naval guns of the United Kingdom
415:
403:
391:
379:
367:
355:
343:
331:
319:
272:
40:
1229:Webley .455" Revolver Mk I – IV
589:
1276:Pattern 1861 Enfield musketoon
576:
567:
558:
549:
234:Mark I gun barrel construction
202:Maximum firing range
149:198 inches (5.0 m) (bore)
13:
1:
301:
639:at State Library of Victoria
633:at State Library of Victoria
7:
529:at Fort Cunningham, Bermuda
464:
447:RML 12.5in Case Shot Mk III
10:
1782:
1604:BL 9.2-inch Mk IV & VI
1402:RML 7-pounder mountain gun
291:commissioned in 1883, and
1705:
1667:
1641:
1549:
1536:BL 6-inch 30 cwt howitzer
1513:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt gun
1503:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt gun
1454:
1415:
1407:RML 2.5-inch mountain gun
1392:
1323:
1314:
1237:
1179:
1117:
1086:
1063:QF 12-pounder 12 cwt Mk I
1038:
964:
891:
868:
848:
816:
793:
770:
748:Smoothbore muzzle-loading
746:
704:Smoothbore muzzle-loading
702:
224:
201:
189:
185:12.5-inch (317.5 mm)
179:
158:
153:
142:
137:
129:
119:
111:
103:
98:
88:
80:
75:
68:Place of origin
67:
55:
39:
32:
1614:BL 12-inch Mk I, VI, VII
1569:BL 6-inch Mk III, IV, VI
1458:& garrison artillery
860:68-pounder Lancaster gun
18:RML 12.5 inch 38 ton gun
1559:QF 3-pounder Nordenfelt
1369:BL 12-pounder 6 cwt gun
1199:Beaumont–Adams revolver
1058:QF 6-pounder Nordenfelt
849:Rifled muzzle-loaders (
517:Gun on replica carriage
491:Fort Nelson, Portsmouth
48:Fort Nelson, Portsmouth
1531:BL 5-inch gun Mk I – V
1219:Kerr's Patent revolver
1053:QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss
1048:QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss
1000:BL 9.2-inch Mk I – VII
840:RBL 7-inch 110-pounder
284:commissioned in 1879,
241:RML 12-inch 35-ton gun
236:
1656:10-inch 18 cwt mortar
1651:13-inch 36 cwt mortar
1541:BL 9.45-inch howitzer
1508:RML 64-pounder 58 cwt
1493:RML 25-pounder 18 cwt
1465:4.1-inch 'Long Cecil'
1436:RML 6.6-inch howitzer
1431:RML 6.3-inch howitzer
1359:RML 16-pounder 12 cwt
1332:SBML 9 pounder 13 cwt
1109:1-inch Nordenfelt gun
1015:BL 12-inch Mk I – VII
911:RML 64-pounder 64 cwt
893:Rifled muzzle-loaders
883:RML 64-pounder 71 cwt
870:Rifled muzzle-loaders
694:naval weapons of the
277:Guns were mounted on
232:
219:rifled muzzle-loading
1446:BL 5.4-inch howitzer
1384:QF 1-pounder pom-pom
1354:RML 13-pounder 8 cwt
1271:Pattern 1853 Enfield
990:BL 6-inch Mk II – VI
985:BL 6-inch 80-pounder
818:Rifled breechloaders
534:Notes and references
312:automatic gas-checks
191:Muzzle velocity
1660:8-inch 9 cwt mortar
1526:RML 8-inch howitzer
1374:QF 12-pounder 8 cwt
1364:BL 12-pounder 7 cwt
1349:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
1194:1897 infantry sword
1005:BL 9.2-inch Mk VIII
906:RML 9-pounder 8 cwt
308:attached gas-checks
1498:RML 40-pounder gun
1478:SBML 8-inch 65 cwt
1441:BL 5-inch howitzer
1394:Mountain artillery
1266:Pattern 1851 Minié
1020:BL 12-inch Mk VIII
946:RML 12-inch 35-ton
941:RML 12-inch 25-ton
785:13-inch Blomefield
780:10-inch Blomefield
507:An unpreserved gun
477:Surviving examples
471:List of naval guns
237:
215:RML 12.5-inch guns
99:Production history
1766:Coastal artillery
1738:
1737:
1720:0.45" Gatling gun
1637:
1636:
1551:Coastal artillery
1379:BL 15-pounder gun
1135:
1134:
1127:Whitehead torpedo
1040:Quick-firing guns
808:24-pounder Millar
803:12-pounder Millar
723:32-pounder 55 cwt
521:Harding's Battery
211:
210:
107:Royal Gun Factory
63:Coast defence gun
16:(Redirected from
1773:
1756:320 mm artillery
1698:Hales 24-pounder
1594:BL 8-inch Mk VII
1522:RML 6.6-inch gun
1321:
1320:
1224:Tranter revolver
1214:Enfield revolver
1162:
1155:
1148:
1139:
1138:
685:
678:
671:
662:
661:
619:
583:
580:
574:
571:
565:
562:
556:
553:
547:
544:
419:
407:
395:
383:
371:
359:
347:
335:
323:
44:
35:
30:
29:
21:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1770:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1701:
1695:Hales 9-pounder
1663:
1633:
1609:BL 10-inch Mk I
1545:
1474:SBML 24-pounder
1470:SBBL 32-pounder
1450:
1423:heavy artillery
1420:
1411:
1388:
1325:Field Artillery
1310:
1281:Whitworth rifle
1261:Brunswick rifle
1233:
1189:Infantry swords
1175:
1166:
1136:
1131:
1113:
1082:
1034:
960:
887:
864:
844:
812:
789:
766:
742:
738:Somerset cannon
698:
689:
627:
592:
587:
586:
581:
577:
572:
568:
563:
559:
554:
550:
545:
541:
536:
479:
467:
423:
420:
411:
408:
399:
396:
387:
384:
375:
372:
363:
360:
351:
348:
339:
336:
327:
324:
304:
275:
235:
227:
206:
196:
154:
81:In service
76:Service history
62:
51:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1779:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1736:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1715:Nordenfelt gun
1711:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1684:
1678:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1629:RML 17.72-inch
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1574:BL 6-inch Mk V
1571:
1566:
1561:
1555:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1518:RML 80-pounder
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1483:RBL 40-pounder
1480:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1427:
1425:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1398:
1396:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:RBL 20-pounder
1341:
1339:RBL 12-pounder
1336:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1296:Swinburn–Henry
1293:
1288:
1286:Snider–Enfield
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1245:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1204:Adams revolver
1201:
1196:
1191:
1185:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1169:British Empire
1165:
1164:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1104:Nordenfelt gun
1101:
1096:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
971:
969:
966:Breech-loaders
962:
961:
959:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
902:
900:
889:
888:
886:
885:
879:
877:
866:
865:
863:
862:
856:
854:
846:
845:
843:
842:
837:
835:RBL 40-pounder
832:
830:RBL 20-pounder
827:
823:
821:
814:
813:
811:
810:
805:
799:
797:
791:
790:
788:
787:
782:
776:
774:
768:
767:
765:
764:
762:10-inch 86 cwt
759:
753:
751:
744:
743:
741:
740:
735:
730:
728:32-pounder gun
725:
720:
715:
709:
707:
700:
699:
692:British Empire
688:
687:
680:
673:
665:
659:
658:
652:
646:
640:
634:
626:
625:External links
623:
622:
621:
610:
606:2012-12-04 at
598:
591:
588:
585:
584:
575:
566:
557:
548:
538:
537:
535:
532:
531:
530:
524:
514:
504:
499:
494:
487:
478:
475:
474:
473:
466:
463:
458:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
425:
424:
421:
414:
412:
409:
402:
400:
397:
390:
388:
385:
378:
376:
373:
366:
364:
361:
354:
352:
349:
342:
340:
337:
330:
328:
325:
318:
303:
300:
274:
271:
233:
226:
223:
209:
208:
203:
199:
198:
193:
187:
186:
183:
177:
176:
162:
156:
155:
151:
150:
147:
140:
139:
138:Specifications
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
116:
113:
109:
108:
105:
101:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
82:
78:
77:
73:
72:
71:United Kingdom
69:
65:
64:
57:
53:
52:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1778:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1731:
1728:
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1723:
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1716:
1713:
1712:
1710:
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1704:
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1691:
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1685:
1682:
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1676:
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1666:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1619:RML 12.5-inch
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
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1560:
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1556:
1554:
1552:
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1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:RBL 9 pounder
1334:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:Martini–Henry
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
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1173:Victorian era
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826:RBL 9 pounder
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696:Victorian era
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511:Fort Delimara
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273:Naval service
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263:breechloaders
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1707:Machine guns
1618:
1025:BL 13.5-inch
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590:Bibliography
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484:Hurst Castle
459:
430:Hurst Castle
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253:
249:wrought iron
238:
214:
212:
146: length
120:Manufacturer
89:Used by
1725:Gardner gun
1668:War rockets
1624:RML 16-inch
1564:QF 4.7-inch
1306:Lee–Enfield
1301:Lee–Metford
1256:Baker rifle
1099:Gardner gun
1094:Gatling gun
1073:QF 4.7-inch
956:RML 16-inch
936:RML 11-inch
931:RML 10-inch
820:(Armstrong)
523:, Gibraltar
281:Dreadnought
217:were large
133:Mk I, Mk II
1745:Categories
1689:24-pounder
1683:12-pounder
1599:RML 9-inch
1589:RML 8-inch
1584:RML 7-inch
1579:RBL 7-inch
1488:RBL 7-inch
1251:Brown Bess
1209:Webley RIC
1010:BL 10-inch
926:RML 9-inch
921:RML 8-inch
916:RML 7-inch
750:shell guns
733:68-pounder
718:24-pounder
713:18-pounder
302:Ammunition
245:mild steel
93:Royal Navy
1730:Maxim gun
1677:6-pounder
1419:, medium,
1417:Howitzers
1316:Artillery
1119:Torpedoes
1078:QF 6-inch
1068:QF 4-inch
995:BL 8-inch
980:BL 5-inch
975:BL 4-inch
874:converted
851:Lancaster
795:Howitzers
288:Agamemnon
84:1875–1905
60:Naval gun
27:Naval gun
1687:Congreve
1681:Congreve
1675:Congreve
1181:Sidearms
897:Woolwich
604:Archived
465:See also
174:Shrapnel
166:Palliser
130:Variants
112:Designed
104:Designer
1643:Mortars
1239:Muskets
772:Mortars
706:cannons
513:, Malta
482:Two at
181:Calibre
46:Gun at
1243:rifles
757:8-inch
225:Design
170:Common
144:Barrel
1692:Boxer
1456:Siege
160:Shell
1421:and
1241:and
432:, UK
295:Ajax
293:HMS
286:HMS
279:HMS
213:The
115:1874
56:Type
50:, UK
519:at
509:at
489:At
1747::
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20:)
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