492:
673:
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had a strap around the middle, and the strap was tightened in preparation for pickup with an approximately equivalent weight of mail in either end of the pouch to prevent the heavier end from pulling the lighter end off the catcher arm. As the inbound pouch slammed into the catcher arm, the clerk kicked the outbound mail pouch out of the car, making certain to kick it far enough that it was not sucked back under the train. Outbound pouches of first class mail were sealed with a locked strap for security. Larger sacks with optional provisions for locking were used for newspapers, magazines, and parcel post. An employee of the local post office would retrieve the pouches and sacks and deliver them to the post office.
417:
629:
289:
468:
480:
456:
181:
232:
436:
34:
771:
135:
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fixtures that could be unfolded and set up in a number of configurations to hold mail pouches, racks and a sorting table as needed for specific routes. The fixtures were also designed so they could be folded away completely to provide a wholly open space to carry general baggage and express shipments as needed by the railroads. Harrison followed through with manufacturing his design at a factory he opened in
578:
873:
the United States Post Office
Department in 1900 disclosed that postal expenditures were not and, in some cases, could not be apportioned to revenues. A remarkable anomaly in Maine, at the intersection of mail bags and a printing press, provided, at the time, a basis for costing questions of policy and regulation and, for us now, an understanding of the postal commons in its Golden Age."
637:
the POD cancelled all "mail by rail" contracts, electing to move all first class mail via air and other classes by road (truck) transport. This announcement had a devastating effect on passenger train revenues; the Santa Fe, for example, lost $ 35 million (US) in annual business, and led directly to the ending of many passenger rail routes.
154:). Purpose-built Railway Post Office (RPO) cars entered service on this line a few weeks after the service was initiated. They were used by staff to separate mail for connection with a westbound stagecoach departing soon after the train's arrival at St. Joseph. This service lasted approximately one year.
362:
With the train often operating at 70 mph or more, a postal clerk would have a pouch of mail ready to be dispatched as the train passed the station. In a co-ordinated movement, the catcher arm was swung out to catch the hanging mail pouch while the clerk stood in the open doorway. The mail pouch
296:
Because of the physical and mental demands placed on RPO clerks, the
Railway Mail Service pushed the adoption of standardized floor plans and fixtures for all RPO cars, with the first plans published in 1885. The RMS also pressed for improved lighting fixtures to help the clerks see the addresses on
84:
to carry mail aboard high-speed passenger trains. The
Railway Mail Service enforced various standardized designs on RPOs. A number of railway companies maintained nominally unprofitable passenger routes, having found that their financial losses from moving people were more than offset by transporting
872:
As the United States Postal
Service undergoes its fiscal crisis in the second decade of the 21st Century, it is well to note that these are not entirely new problems. A national pick up and delivery system to remote and small locales is a fiscally challenging model. "A Congressional Investigation of
636:
When the post office made a controversial policy change to process mail in large regional "sectional centers," mail was now sorted by large machines, not by people, and the remaining railway post office routes, along with all highway post office routes, were phased out of service. In
September 1967
604:
After 1948, the railway post office network began its decline although it remained the principal intercity mail transportation and distribution function within the Post Office
Department (POD). There were 794 RPO lines operating over 161,000 miles of railroad in that year. Only 262 RPO routes were
321:
frames and bodies, which sometimes resulted in catastrophe for RMS employees when the trains were involved in accidents. From 1900 to 1906 some 70 workers were killed in train wrecks while on duty in the RPOs, leading to demands for stronger steel cars. The RMS developed its first standards for car
279:
cars) were equipped and staffed to handle most back-end postal processing functions. First class mail, magazines and newspapers were all sorted, cancelled when necessary, and dispatched to post offices in towns along the route. Registered mail was also handled. The foreman in charge was required to
247:
in the United States. A complex network of interconnected routes allowed mail to be transported and delivered in a remarkably short time. As many as a dozen clerks might work in a single RPO car, although fewer would be required if part of the car was used for transport of previously sorted mail or
211:
RPO car interiors, which at first consisted of solid wood furniture and fixtures, were soon redesigned to support their new purpose. In 1879, an RMS employee named
Charles R. Harrison developed a new set of fixtures that soon gained widespread use. Harrison's design consisted of hinged, cast-iron
251:
Railway mail clerks were subjected to stringent training and regular testing of details regarding their handling of the mail. On a given RPO route, each clerk was expected to know not only the post offices and rail junctions along the route, but also specific local delivery details within each of
573:
At their height, RPO cars were used on over 9,000 train routes covering more than 200,000 route miles in North
America. While the majority of this service consisted of one or more cars at the head end of passenger trains, many railways operated solid mail trains between major cities; these solid
305:
Through the second half of the 19th century, most RPO cars were painted in a somewhat uniform color scheme regardless of the railroad that owned or operated them. Most were painted white with trim in either buff, red or blue, which made the cars stand out from the other cars. By the 1890s, this
227:
established government funding for the construction of a railroad from the
Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean in order to open a main line mail route across the western frontier. The act was officially entitled "AN ACT to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri
737:
RPO #1102 and two coaches will be departing Union Depot as Train #1 bound for
Osceola, Wisconsin. It will be hauling commemorative envelopes and cards to be sent all across the United States, following which it will operate in regular service as part of the Museum operations out of Osceola, WI.
513:
Most RPO cars had a mail slot on the side of the car, so that mail could actually be deposited in the car, much like using the corner mail box, while the train was stopped at a station. Those desiring the fastest delivery would bring their letters to the train station for dispatch on the RPO,
334:
for framing and major structural components. The 1945 revisions also included a requirement for end posts to prevent telescoping in the event of a collision. Railway car manufacturers adopted these requirements and carried them through to all other models of passenger cars that they built.
359:) was awarded to L. F. Ward of Elyria, Ohio, on January 29, 1867. This was about a year after apparatus for picking up and setting down mailbags without stopping was installed for equivalent UK TPOs at Slough and Maidenhead, having first been patented in UK in 1838 by Nathaniel Worsdell.
329:
for the cars' major structural components and underframes. The core of the requirements was that each car should be able to withstand a buffer force of at least 400,000 pounds. This requirement was doubled to 800,000 pounds in a 1938 revision of the standards. The requirements were again
208:, was officially inaugurated to handle the transportation and sorting of mail aboard trains. Armstrong was promoted from a supervisory position in the Chicago post office following his experiments in 1864 with a converted route agent's car on runs between Chicago and Clinton, Iowa.
491:
228:
river to the Pacific Ocean, and to secure to the government the use of the same for postal, military, and other purposes". The Act authorized government-funded railroad mail routes across the American continent.
301:
in the 1890s and the first experiments with electric lighting in 1912. Clerks' safety was also of great concern to the RMS, with the first comprehensive statistics on work-related injuries published in 1877.
544:
existed between 1864 and September 30, 1948. It was renamed the Postal Transportation Service on October 1, 1948, and existed until 1960. After 1960, the management of railway post office routes as well as
416:
605:
still operating by January 1, 1962. In 1942, the POD began experimenting with a highway version of the RPO to serve the same purposes along routes where passenger train service was not available. These
168:
George B. Armstrong, assistant postmaster at Chicago, originally came up with the idea of having mail processed and distributed while the mail was on board, en route in mail cars. With the assistance of
119:
In the United States, some references suggest that the first shipment of mail carried on a train (sorted at the endpoints and carried in a bag on the train with other baggage) occurred in 1831 on the
165:. This service is distinguished from the 1862 operation because mail was sorted to and received from each post office along the route, as well as major post offices beyond the route's end-points.
609:(HPO) vehicles were initially intended to supplement RPO service, but in the 1950s and 1960s, HPOs often replaced railway post office cars after passenger train service was discontinued. The last
467:
714:
and twenty seats for paying passengers. Currently, it is the only Railway Post Office car known to be operational and currently certified for operation on commercial rail. The
1805:
435:
710:
The Minnesota Transportation Museum (MTM) maintains Northern Pacific #1102, a 1914 Mail RPO, that is classed as a "combine" car, having sections for the RPO,
205:
718:(division of MTM/reporting mark MNTX) operates the car as part of its tour line, actually "catching the mail on the fly" as a part of its regular runs.
1840:
349:
An interesting feature of most RPO cars was a hook that could be used to snatch a leather or canvas pouch of outgoing mail hanging on a track-side
325:
In 1912, the Railway Mail Service developed a set of strength requirements for new cars in an effort to push the car building companies into using
306:
practice had waned as railroads painted their RPO cars to match the rest of their passenger equipment. One RPO car that was displayed at the 1893
236:
1397:
The American postal service: history of the postal service from the earliest times. The American system described with full details of operation
518:
just as if it had been mailed at a local post office, with the cancel giving the train number, endpoint cities of the RPO route, the date, and
479:
174:
131:
officially designated all railroads as official postal routes on July 7, 1838. Similar services were introduced on Canadian railroads in 1859.
876:
1453:
644:
was discontinued on June 30, 1977. The last route with a railway post office title was actually a boat run that lasted a year longer. This
585:
691:
Many RPO cars have been preserved in railroad museums across North America; some of the cars are kept in operational condition. In 1933,
94:
455:
1139:
342:(ICC) for all passenger MU locomotives as of April 1, 1956. They were extended to all passenger cars and locomotives in 1999 by the
1559:
692:
422:
113:
42:
1127:
640:
After 113 years of railway post office operation, the last surviving railway post office running on rails between New York and
252:
the larger cities served by the route. Periodic testing demanded both accuracy and speed in sorting mail, and a clerk scoring
672:
1395:
715:
1351:
The railway mail clerk and the highway post office: when the mail really worked: the story of the postal service's elite
1358:
1255:
1208:
1179:
753:
497:
Former Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad post office (1916), on display at RF&P Park, Glen Allen, VA.
387:
1369:
80:
From the middle of the 19th century, many American railroads earned substantial revenues through contracts with the
1810:
749:
741:
696:
653:
189:
147:
101:
1815:
722:
374:
with RPO: the RDC-3 combine and the RDC-4 (a baggage/mail/express only unit). These models were purchased by the
307:
1825:
1281:
1273:
339:
1511:
1138:
49 CFR Part 238, Subpart C, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Administration, 2015 edition
526:
508:
185:
123:. Other sources state that the first official contract to regularly carry mail on a train was made with the
1600:
1590:
317:
progressed, so too did the development of RPO cars. The first plans for RPO car designs were based on light
1585:
1552:
841:
830:
554:
81:
1159:
Budd Company Red Lion Plant Order List, Philadelphia Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society.
297:
the mail they sorted, first by improving the reflectors in the 1880s, then calling for discontinuance of
124:
514:
knowing that overnight delivery would be virtually assured. The mail handled in this manner received a
288:
649:
628:
622:
407:
699:
in 1862. The railroad displayed the car in several cities along the railroad; it now resides at the
681:
1063:
Trolley Car Treasury' by Frank Rowsome Jr. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1956 -Library of Congress 56-11054
1835:
1830:
883:
785:
734:
645:
614:
562:
442:
399:
395:
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96% accuracy would likely receive a warning from the Railway Mail Service division superintendent.
120:
1481:
1140:
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2015-title49-vol4/xml/CFR-2015-title49-vol4-part238-subpartC.xml
1820:
1545:
1457:
825:
426:
265:
46:
1487:
1688:
1571:
1434:
1324:
851:
726:
711:
677:
541:
213:
193:
128:
109:
105:
27:
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operates a post office car and all mail posted there gets an official USPS OC&T postmark.
142:
The railway post office was introduced in the United States on July 28, 1862, using converted
1425:
473:
A view of the mail hook on GN #42, along with a track-side mail crane complete with mail bag.
391:
292:
Interior of Great Northern Railway Post Office Car 42 at the California State Railroad Museum
104:. Sorting of mail en-route first occurred in the United Kingdom with the introduction of the
1128:
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2015-title49-vol4/xml/CFR-2015-title49-vol4-sec229-141.xml
729:
as part of its "Last Mail Train" for National Train Day, 6 May 2017. At the end of the day,
65:
car that was normally operated in passenger service and used specifically for staff to sort
1744:
1196:
704:
632:
Cover carried on the last day of RPO service between New York and Washington, June 30, 1977
589:
446:
371:
314:
220:
201:
70:
157:
The first permanent Railway Post Office route was established on August 28, 1864, between
8:
546:
515:
97:
1160:
1027:
744:
in Scranton, PA has RPO car #1100, Louisville & Nashville, on display. It is an all-
1610:
1595:
1266:
815:
730:
700:
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rebuilt one of its baggage cars into a replica of the first RPOs that were used on the
657:
593:
383:
353:
at smaller towns where the train did not stop. The first US patent for such a device (
20:
1643:
1537:
1384:
1354:
1287:
1277:
1261:
1251:
1204:
1175:
973:
835:
550:
403:
379:
158:
991:
180:
1775:
1754:
1633:
1522:
1411:
1377:
1200:
641:
375:
231:
1371:
The Story of Our Post Office: The Greatest Government Department in all its Phases
177:, Third Assistant Postmaster General, Armstrong was authorized to test his ideas.
1673:
1496:
1477:
1421:
1329:
1316:
1309:
29 Years to Oblivion, The Last Years of Railway Mail Service in the United States
846:
776:
558:
244:
224:
170:
74:
243:
By the 1880s, railway post office routes were operating on the vast majority of
1648:
1568:
534:
338:
The 800,000-lb buffer load and end post requirements were later adopted by the
584:
postal cancellation applied to mail handled in the railway post office car of
529:
between the killer bars . Collecting such cancellations is a pastime of many
310:
in Chicago is one of the last known examples of the early white color scheme.
1799:
1770:
1749:
1653:
1527:
1312:
977:
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298:
162:
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en route, in order to speed delivery. The RPO was staffed by highly trained
355:
1698:
1638:
1445:
1291:
1096:
685:
367:
151:
1729:
1708:
820:
618:
530:
318:
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carry a regulation pistol while on duty to discourage theft of the mail.
143:
33:
1703:
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1668:
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1518:
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257:
134:
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350:
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261:
38:
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1693:
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795:
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strengthened in 1945 with specifications that precluded the use of
62:
1028:"Pacific Railroad Act – Transcontinental Railroad and Land Grants"
1784:
1780:
1739:
1628:
1532:
854:— the term for cars in British use that served similar functions.
1048:
Mosher, Willard C. (1982). "Railway Postal Service – Revisted".
1489:
The Railway Mail Service United States Mail Railway Post Office
1248:
Mail by Rail – The History of the TPO & Post Office Railway
577:
268:
car was noted for making circuits of the city to pick up mail.
93:
The world's first official carriage of mail by rail was by the
1172:
Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway: The Dixie Line
1225:"Oil Creek and Titusville Railroad – Titusville Pennsylvania"
745:
343:
326:
721:
As part of the 40th anniversary of the end of RPO service,
73:
postal clerks, and was off-limits to the passengers on the
66:
877:"It's in the Bag" – The Shape of Turn-of-the-Century Mail"
485:
Belfast & Moosehead Lake RR #15 RPO, Belfast, ME 1947
100:
in November 1830, using adapted railway carriages on the
1514:— photographs and short history of an RPO built in 1950.
248:(often in a separate compartment) express and baggage.
1567:
574:
mail trains would often carry 300 tons of mail daily.
1161:
http://www.trainweb.org/phillynrhs/BuddCarOrders.html
963:
961:
1389:. New York: Simmons-Boardman Publishing Corporation.
1224:
766:
1806:
History of rail transportation in the United States
461:
A close-up view of the mail hook on CB&Q #1923.
26:For the equivalent term in the UK and Ireland, see
1431:The Fast Mail, History of the Railway Mail Service
1265:
972:. Vol. 7, no. 3. Fall 2006. p. 27.
958:
370:offered two versions of its self-propelled diesel
1444:, National Railway Bulletin Vol. 60 No. 2, 1995,
1052:(March 1982). The 470 Railroad Club: 11 & 12.
648:was the Lake Winnipesaukee RPO operating between
540:The Railway Mail Service organization within the
322:design in 1891 to address some of these issues.
1797:
1454:"Railroad Postmarks of the U.S.], 1861–1886"
1190:
596:train No. 5, the inaugural eastbound run of the
1495:. Marietta, OH: Railway Mail Service Library,
1416:National Postal Transport Association. (1956)
1374:. Boston, Massachusetts: A.M. Thayer & Co.
1353:. Victoria, B.C, Canada: Trafford Publishing.
1126:49 CFR Part 229.141, 2015 edition (10-1-2015)
271:In the United States, RPO cars (also known as
150:(which also delivered the first letter to the
1553:
1512:Great Northern Railway Post Office Car No. 42
264:systems were also known to operate RPOs. The
586:Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway
1452:Towle, Charles L.; Meyer, Henry A. (1958).
933:
931:
929:
1560:
1546:
1451:
1400:. Washington, D.C.: National Capital Press
1002:
425:#1923, a heavyweight RPO preserved at the
1144:
1111:
1076:
874:
568:
441:The interior of an RPO on display at the
1841:1862 establishments in the United States
1480:. Portion available as a video clip at
1424:. Portion available as a video clip at
1348:
1100:, March 16, 1906, p6, Last night's news
949:
940:
926:
671:
627:
576:
287:
230:
179:
173:, Speaker of the House at the time, and
133:
32:
1485:
1367:
1330:The World's Work: A History of Our Time
875:DeBlois, Diane; Harris, Robert Dalton.
693:Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
423:Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
114:Railways (Conveyance of Mails) Act 1838
43:Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad
1798:
1393:
1322:
1047:
1043:
1041:
502:
188:#42, a restored RPO on display at the
1541:
1433:, Prologue Vol. 37 No. 3, Fall 2005,
1260:
838:French Post Office dedicated TGV sets
660:. The final date it operated with a
1472:U.S. Post Office Department. (1956)
1382:
725:will be placing #1102 on display at
112:, following the introduction of the
1268:The American Railroad Passenger Car
1174:by Charles B. Castner, Jr. page 92
1038:
716:Osceola and St Croix Valley Railway
85:the mail on such passenger routes.
82:U.S. Post Office Department (USPOD)
53:In Canada and the United States, a
13:
1300:
1085:
283:
14:
1852:
1505:
1323:Crissy, Forrest (December 1902).
1250:, Ian Allan Publishing, London.
754:Oil Creek and Titusville Railroad
1521:is available for viewing at the
1519:of a train picking up a mail bag
1476:, Railway Mail Service Library,
1420:, Railway Mail Service Library,
769:
750:American Car and Foundry Company
742:Steamtown National Historic Site
697:Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad
490:
478:
466:
454:
434:
415:
190:California State Railroad Museum
148:Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad
102:Liverpool and Manchester Railway
1217:
1184:
1165:
1153:
1132:
1120:
1102:
1067:
1056:
866:
723:Minnesota Transportation Museum
667:
1274:Johns Hopkins University Press
1193:California's Electric Railways
1020:
1011:
984:
917:
340:Interstate Commerce Commission
1:
1750:Troop kitchen / Troop sleeper
1486:Wilking, Clarence R. (1985).
1442:The Evolution of Railway Mail
905:
676:The RPO section of preserved
555:terminal railway post offices
527:Postal Transportation Service
509:Postal Transportation Service
127:in either 1834 or 1835. The
910:
842:Terminal railway post office
831:Railway mail service library
613:RPO service was operated by
308:World's Columbian Exposition
7:
1383:Long, Bryant Alden (1951).
1325:"The Traveling Post-Office"
762:
408:Minneapolis & St. Louis
125:Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
16:Mail transportation service
10:
1857:
1528:Mobile Post Office Society
1368:Cushing, Marshall (1893).
1313:Mobile Post Office Society
1239:
623:San Bernardino, California
506:
88:
57:, commonly abbreviated as
25:
18:
1763:
1717:
1619:
1578:
1307:Bergman, Edwin B. (1980)
1191:Demoro, Harre W. (1986).
968:"First as well as fast".
748:car built in 1914 by the
682:Interurban Railway Museum
237:Chicago and North Western
859:
786:Boat railway post office
735:Northern Pacific Railway
664:was September 30, 1978.
650:The Weirs, New Hampshire
646:boat railway post office
615:Pacific Electric Railway
563:Bureau of Transportation
522:Railway Mail Service or
443:National Railroad Museum
400:Canadian Pacific Railway
121:South Carolina Rail Road
19:Not to be confused with
1811:Passenger railroad cars
1718:Miscellaneous equipment
1533:TPO and Seapost Society
1474:MEN AND MAIL IN TRANSIT
1246:Johnson, Peter. (1995)
996:www.catskillarchive.com
826:Post Office sorting van
427:Illinois Railway Museum
266:Boston Elevated Railway
47:Illinois Railway Museum
1816:Philatelic terminology
1611:Travelling Post Office
1435:College Park, Maryland
1394:Melius, Louis (1917).
1349:Culbreth, Ken (2007).
852:Travelling post office
727:Saint Paul Union Depot
712:Railway Express Agency
688:
678:Texas Electric Railway
633:
601:
569:Decline and withdrawal
561:, were shifted to the
542:Post Office Department
313:As the development of
293:
240:
214:Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
197:
186:Great Northern Railway
139:
129:United States Congress
110:Grand Junction Railway
106:travelling post office
50:
41:pulling a mail bag on
28:Travelling Post Office
1826:Postal infrastructure
675:
631:
617:on its route between
580:
392:Pacific Great Eastern
291:
235:A working RPO on the
234:
183:
137:
36:
1460:on November 18, 2011
1197:Glendale, California
705:St. Joseph, Missouri
447:Green Bay, Wisconsin
221:Pacific Railroad Act
202:Railway Mail Service
184:An interior view of
138:The first RPO (1862)
71:Railway Mail Service
1606:Railway post office
1572:passenger equipment
607:highway post office
547:Highway Post Office
503:Cancellation stamps
206:George B. Armstrong
98:General Post Office
55:railway post office
1620:Passenger-carrying
1596:Head end power car
1579:Head-end equipment
1440:Pennypacker, Bert
1429:Romanski, Fred J.
1017:White, pp 481–482.
1008:White, pp 475–476.
992:"Mail Post Office"
889:on August 15, 2013
816:Mobile post office
731:Great Northern 400
701:Patee House Museum
689:
658:Lake Winnipesaukee
634:
602:
384:New Haven Railroad
380:Boston & Maine
356:U.S. patent 61,584
294:
241:
219:The July 1, 1862,
198:
140:
51:
21:Retail Post Outlet
1793:
1792:
1699:Sleeper / Pullman
1272:. Baltimore, MD:
836:SNCF TGV La Poste
551:Air Mail Facility
404:Canadian National
366:In the 1950s the
225:President Lincoln
204:(RMS), headed by
159:Chicago, Illinois
1848:
1776:Rail motor coach
1755:Vestibuled train
1562:
1555:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1523:Internet Archive
1500:
1494:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1456:. Archived from
1412:Internet Archive
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1378:Internet archive
1375:
1364:
1345:
1343:
1342:
1295:
1271:
1233:
1232:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1201:Interurban Press
1188:
1182:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1115:
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1083:
1080:
1074:
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953:
947:
944:
938:
935:
924:
921:
899:
898:
896:
894:
888:
882:. Archived from
881:
870:
779:
774:
773:
772:
680:Car 360, at the
642:Washington, D.C.
559:transfer offices
494:
482:
470:
458:
438:
419:
396:Northern Pacific
376:New York Central
358:
245:passenger trains
95:United Kingdom's
1856:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1836:Postal vehicles
1831:Postal services
1796:
1795:
1794:
1789:
1759:
1713:
1622:coaches or cars
1621:
1615:
1574:
1566:
1508:
1503:
1497:Boyce, Virginia
1492:
1478:Boyce, Virginia
1463:
1461:
1422:Boyce, Virginia
1403:
1401:
1361:
1340:
1338:
1317:Omaha, Nebraska
1303:
1301:Further reading
1298:
1284:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1223:
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945:
941:
936:
927:
922:
918:
913:
908:
903:
902:
892:
890:
886:
879:
871:
867:
862:
857:
847:Transfer office
777:Illinois portal
775:
770:
768:
765:
759:
670:
598:City of Memphis
571:
511:
505:
498:
495:
486:
483:
474:
471:
462:
459:
450:
439:
430:
420:
354:
286:
284:Standardization
171:Schuyler Colfax
108:in 1838 on the
91:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1854:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1821:Postal history
1818:
1813:
1808:
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1598:
1593:
1591:Express reefer
1588:
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1575:
1569:Rail transport
1565:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1542:
1536:
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1525:
1515:
1507:
1506:External links
1504:
1502:
1501:
1483:
1470:
1449:
1438:
1427:
1418:MAIL IN MOTION
1414:
1391:
1380:
1365:
1359:
1346:
1320:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1282:
1262:White, John H.
1258:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1216:
1209:
1203:. p. 19.
1183:
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1119:
1110:
1101:
1084:
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1019:
1010:
1001:
983:
970:Classic Trains
957:
948:
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904:
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535:postal history
507:Main article:
504:
501:
500:
499:
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489:
487:
484:
477:
475:
472:
465:
463:
460:
453:
451:
440:
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431:
421:
414:
315:passenger cars
285:
282:
90:
87:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1853:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
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1809:
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1804:
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1786:
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1771:Multiple unit
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1360:9781412202275
1356:
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1259:
1257:
1256:0-7110-2385-9
1253:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1230:
1226:
1220:
1212:
1210:0-916374-74-2
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1181:
1180:0-911868-87-9
1177:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1156:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1123:
1117:White, p 190.
1114:
1108:White, p 483.
1105:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1082:White, p 480.
1079:
1073:White, p 482.
1070:
1064:
1059:
1051:
1044:
1042:
1033:
1029:
1023:
1014:
1005:
997:
993:
987:
979:
975:
971:
964:
962:
955:White, p 475.
952:
943:
937:White, p 472.
934:
932:
930:
923:Johnson 1995.
920:
916:
885:
878:
869:
865:
853:
850:
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802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
791:Catcher pouch
789:
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583:
579:
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566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
538:
537:researchers.
536:
532:
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510:
493:
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263:
259:
255:
249:
246:
238:
233:
229:
226:
222:
217:
215:
209:
207:
203:
200:In 1869, the
195:
191:
187:
182:
178:
176:
172:
166:
164:
163:Clinton, Iowa
160:
155:
153:
149:
145:
136:
132:
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126:
122:
117:
115:
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107:
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99:
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72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
48:
45:#1923 at the
44:
40:
35:
29:
22:
1605:
1517:A film clip
1488:
1473:
1462:. Retrieved
1458:the original
1446:Philadelphia
1441:
1430:
1417:
1402:. Retrieved
1396:
1386:Mail by Rail
1385:
1370:
1350:
1339:. Retrieved
1334:
1328:
1308:
1267:
1247:
1228:
1219:
1192:
1186:
1171:
1167:
1155:
1150:White, p 476
1146:
1134:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1097:Daily Mirror
1094:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1078:
1069:
1062:
1058:
1049:
1032:www.cprr.org
1031:
1022:
1013:
1004:
995:
986:
969:
951:
946:White, p 473
942:
919:
891:. Retrieved
884:the original
868:
758:
740:
720:
709:
690:
686:Plano, Texas
668:Preservation
639:
635:
606:
603:
597:
581:
572:
539:
531:philatelists
523:
519:
516:cancellation
512:
368:Budd Company
365:
361:
348:
337:
324:
312:
304:
295:
276:
272:
270:
253:
250:
242:
218:
210:
199:
175:A. N. Zevely
167:
156:
152:Pony Express
144:baggage cars
141:
118:
92:
79:
58:
54:
52:
37:Demo of the
1674:Observation
1644:Compartment
1337:: 2873–2880
821:Owney (dog)
654:Bear Island
619:Los Angeles
388:Rock Island
319:baggage car
1800:Categories
1464:August 21,
1404:August 15,
1341:2009-07-10
1283:0801819652
906:References
893:August 16,
806:Mail pouch
611:interurban
351:mail crane
258:Interurban
223:signed by
194:Sacramento
1764:Motorized
1689:Passenger
1654:Couchette
1601:Horse car
1229:octrr.org
978:1527-0718
911:Citations
811:Mail sack
801:Mail hook
590:Nashville
332:aluminium
299:oil lamps
273:mail cars
262:Streetcar
216:in 1881.
39:mail hook
1735:Crew car
1725:Autorack
1694:Roomette
1649:Corridor
1639:Colonist
1493:(MSWord)
1264:(1978).
796:Mail bag
763:See also
662:postmark
549:routes,
239:in 1965.
63:railroad
61:, was a
1785:Railbus
1781:Railcar
1745:Private
1730:Combine
1709:Smoking
1634:Bilevel
1586:Baggage
1292:2798188
1240:Sources
1050:The 470
594:Memphis
146:on the
89:History
1684:Parlor
1669:Lounge
1659:Dining
1357:
1290:
1280:
1254:
1207:
1178:
976:
752:. The
652:, and
592:&
582:R.P.O.
557:, and
277:postal
161:, and
887:(PDF)
880:(PDF)
860:Notes
746:steel
344:USDOT
327:steel
75:train
1704:Slip
1679:Open
1664:Dome
1466:2012
1406:2012
1355:ISBN
1288:OCLC
1278:ISBN
1252:ISBN
1205:ISBN
1176:ISBN
974:ISSN
895:2012
621:and
533:and
406:and
260:and
254:only
67:mail
1740:Pay
1629:Bar
1410:at
1376:at
703:in
684:in
656:on
588:'s
524:PTS
520:RMS
445:in
372:RDC
275:or
192:in
59:RPO
1802::
1783:/
1333:.
1327:.
1315:,
1311:,
1286:.
1276:.
1227:.
1199::
1195:.
1040:^
1030:.
994:.
960:^
928:^
733:,
707:.
625:.
565:.
553:,
410:.
402:,
398:,
394:,
390:,
386:,
382:,
378:,
346:.
116:.
77:.
1561:e
1554:t
1547:v
1499:.
1468:.
1448:.
1437:.
1408:.
1363:.
1344:.
1335:V
1319:.
1294:.
1231:.
1213:.
1087:'
1034:.
998:.
980:.
897:.
600:.
449:.
429:.
196:.
49:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
