Rajasthani languages

4395:

sound of the conjuncts, for example, instead of the conjunct letter 'क्ष'(ksh), 'च'(Ch), 'क'(ka) or 'ख'(kha) is written, like लखण (Lakhan) of लक्षमण (Lakshan), लिछमण (Lichhman) of लक्ष्‍मण (Lakshman) and राकस (Rakas) of राक्षस (Rakshas). In Rajasthani script, there is no separate symbol for the sound of 'ऋ'(Ri), instead 'रि'(Ri) is written instead of it, like रितु (Ritu) (season) instead of ऋतु (Ritu). In Rajasthani, there is no use of ligatures and ref. The whole of ref 'र्' (r) becomes 'र' (ra), for example, instead of 'धर्म' (dharm), 'धरम'(dharam), instead of 'वक्त'(vakt) (time), 'वगत'(vagat) or 'वखत'(vakhat) are written. Single quotation mark (') is also used to denote continuation sound like देख'र(dekha'r) हरे'क (hare'k)(every) etc. अे (e) and अै (ai) are written instead of ए(e) and ऐ (ai) like 'अेक'(ek)(one) in place of 'एक'(ek).

3491: 3483: 1168:(up to double) and passives have a morphological basis. It shares a 50%-65% lexical similarity with Hindi (this is based on a Swadesh 210 word list comparison). It has many cognate words with Hindi. Notable phonetic correspondences include /s/ in Hindi with /h/ in Rajasthani. For example /sona/ 'gold' (Hindi) and /hono/ 'gold' (Marwari). /h/ sometimes elides. There are also a variety of vowel changes. Most of the pronouns and interrogatives are, however, distinct from those of Hindi. 1197:. Most pronouns and interrogative words differ from Hindi, but the language does have several regular correspondences with, and phonetic transformations from, Hindi. The /s/ in Hindi is often realized as /h/ in Rajasthani – for example, the word 'gold' is /sona/ (सोना) in Hindi and /hono/ (होनो) in the Marwari dialect of Rajasthani. Furthermore, there are a number of vowel substitutions, and the Hindi /l/ sound (ल) is often realized in Rajasthani as a retroflex lateral /ɭ/ (ळ). 8384: 8526: 2750:. Besides the category of new ideas is the category of English words that already have Rajasthani counterparts which end up replaced or existed alongside. The major driving force behind this latter category has to be the continuing role of English in modern India as a language of education, prestige, and mobility. In this way, Indian speech can be sprinkled with English words and expressions, even switches to whole sentences. 1787:(old Indo-Aryan), and this category pertains exactly to that: words of Sanskritic origin that have demonstratively undergone change over the ages, ending up characteristic of modern Indo-Aryan languages specifically as well as in general. Thus the "that" in "of the nature of that" refers to Sanskrit. They tend to be non-technical, everyday, crucial words; part of the spoken vernacular. Below is a table of a few Rajasthani 360: 194: 1177:

many Europeans find them hard to distinguish without practice as they are not common in European languages. The consonant ḷ(ळ) is frequently used in Rajasthani, which also occurs in vedic and some prakrits, is pronounced by placing the tongue on the top of the hard palate and flapping it forward. In common with most other

2776:. Two new characters were created in Rajasthani to represent English /æ/'s and /ɔ/'s. Levels of Rajasthani-ization in sound vary. Some words do not go far beyond this basic transpositional rule, and sound much like their English source, while others differ in ways, one of those ways being the carrying of dentals. 4885:

Addressing these issues requires concerted efforts from the government, educational institutions, and cultural organizations to promote and preserve the Rajasthani language. Efforts to improve official recognition, standardize the language, enhance its presence in education and media, and support its

2223:

or Sanskrit is etymologically continuous to Gujarati, it is essentially of a differing grammar (or language), and that in comparison while Perso-Arabic is etymologically foreign, it has been in certain instances and to varying degrees grammatically indigenised. Owing to centuries of situation and the

1176:

The phonetic characteristics of Vedic Sanskrit, surviving in Rajasthani language, is the series of "retroflex" or "cerebral" consonants, ṭ (ट), ṭh (ठ), ḍ (ड), ḍh (ढ), and ṇ (ण). These to the Indians and Rajasthani are quite different from the "dentals", t (त), th (थ), d (द), dh (ध), n (न) etc. though

1746:

In the typical Indo-Aryan relative-correlative construction the modifying clause is usually marked by a member of the "J" set of relative pronouns, adverbs and other words, while the correlative in the main clause is identical with the remote demonstrative (except in Sindhi and in Dakhini). Gujarati

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in Bahawalpur and Multan areas, respectively. Many linguists (Shackle, 1976 and Gusain, 2000) agree that it shares many phonological (implosives), morphological (future tense marker and negation) and syntactic features with Riasti and Saraiki. A distribution of the geographical area can be found in

4815:

Despite being widely spoken, Rajasthani lacks official status in India. It is often classified under Hindi in government documents and the census, which undermines its distinct identity. This also means it is not listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, depriving it of the support

4417:

A literary style of writing prose and poetry in Maru-Bhasa language. It is presented same in written and spoken form. Kushallabh's 'Pingali Shiromani', Giridhar Charan's 'Sagat Singh Raso' dedicated to Maharana Pratap's younger brother Shakti Singh has been written in Dingal language. It was also

1742:

Rajasthani as well as the other NIA languages shows deviations from Baker's 'mirror principle', that requires the strict pairing of morphological and syntactic operations (Baker 1988). The general rule is that the 'second causative' formation implies a mediator in the argument structure. However,

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Standard Rajasthani or Standard Marwari, a version of Rajasthani, the common lingua franca of Rajasthani people and is spoken by over 25 million people (2011) in different parts of Rajasthan. It has to be taken into consideration, however, that some speakers of Standard Marwari are conflated with

4837:

Rajasthani is not widely taught in schools. The educational system predominantly uses Hindi or English, leading to a decline in the younger generation's proficiency in their native tongue. This lack of formal education and institutional support further contributes to the erosion of the language.

4394:

In Rajasthani language, there are sounds of palatal 'श'(sh) and nasal 'ष'(sh), but in Rajasthani script only dental 'स'(s) is used for them. Similarly, in Rajasthani script, there is no independent sign for 'ज्ञ'(gya), instead 'ग्य'(Gya) is written in its place. In Rajasthani script, there is no

4781:

First newspaper published in Rajasthani was Rajputana Gazette published from Ajmer in 1885. First film made in Rajasthani was Nazrana in 1942. Stage app is first OTT platform in Rajasthani and Haryanvi and Gangaur TV is the first TV channel in Rajasthani. All India Radio air and publish news in

1961:

for long after. This category consists of these borrowed words of (more or less) pure Sanskrit character. They serve to enrich Gujarati and modern Indo-Aryan in its formal, technical, and religious vocabulary. They are recognisable by their Sanskrit inflections and markings; they are thus often

4881:

As younger generations shift to Hindi or English, the transmission of Rajasthani to future generations is at risk, potentially leading to language erosion. In many families, younger generations are not learning Rajasthani at home, often due to the preference for more dominant languages.

4826:

Rajasthani comprises numerous dialects, such as Marwari, Mewari, Shekhawati, and Hadoti, among others. The lack of a standardized form makes it difficult to unify and promote the language effectively and can lead to fragmentation in efforts to preserve and promote the language.

1690:(S and O have similar marking, different from A), tripartite (A, S and O have different case marking). There is a general tendency existing in the languages with split nominal systems: the split is usually conditioned by the referents of the core NPs, the probability of 4796:

A movement is ongoing in Rajasthan since independence of India to include Rajasthani language in the 8th schedule of the Indian constitution and making it the official language of the state of Rajasthan. In recent years the movement is getting rooted among the youths.

4870:

Urbanization and migration often lead speakers to prioritize learning Hindi or English for better economic and social opportunities. This shift can lead to a decrease in the use of Rajasthani in daily life and a decline in language transmission to future generations.

1747:

and Marathi frequently delete the preposed "J" element. In Rajasthani the relative pronoun or adverb may also be deleted from the subordinate clause but – as distinct from the neighbouring NIA – relative pronoun or adverb may be used instead of correlative.

2184:

as a common vocabulary set or bank. What's more is how, beyond a transposition into general Indo-Aryan, the Perso-Arabic set has also been assimilated in a manner characteristic and relevant to the specific Indo-Aryan language it is being used in, bringing to mind

2737:

With the end of Perso-Arabic inflow, English became the current foreign source of new vocabulary. English had and continues to have a considerable influence over Indian languages. Loanwords include new innovations and concepts, first introduced directly through

1727:

with their direct objects may form past participles modifying the Agent: one can say in Hindi:'Hindī sīkhā ādmī' – 'a man who has learned Hindi' or 'sāṛī bādhī aurāt' – 'a woman in sari', but *'kitāb paṛhā ādmī 'a man who has read a book' is impossible.

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over English "s". Also, with Rajasthani having three genders, genderless English words must take one. Though often inexplicable, gender assignment may follow the same basis as it is expressed in Gujarati: vowel type, and the nature of word meaning.

3148:

The smaller foothold the Portuguese had in wider India had linguistic effects due to extensive trade. Rajasthani took up a number of words, while elsewhere the influence was great enough to the extent that creole languages came to be

4859:

Although Rajasthani has a rich literary tradition, contemporary literary output and publishing are limited. This affects the development and modernization of the language and hinders efforts to preserve its cultural heritage.

832:: Nohar-Bhadra, Anupgarh district, Hanumangarh district, Northern & Dungargarh tehsils of Bikaner district and Sri Ganganagar district; Taranagar, Rajgarh, Sardarshahar, Ratangarh, Bhanipura tehsils of Churu district, 1708:: 1. Rajasthani combines accusative/tripartite marking in nominal system with consistently ergative verbal concord: the verb agrees with both marked and unmarked O in number and gender (but not in person — contrast 3160:). Comparatively, the impact of Portuguese has been greater on coastal languages and their loans tend to be closer to the Portuguese originals. The source dialect of these loans imparts an earlier pronunciation of 4848:

There is limited representation of Rajasthani in mainstream media, including television, radio, and print. This lack of visibility reduces the language's presence in everyday life and its prestige among speakers.

5061:

Gold, Ann Grodzins. A Carnival of Parting: The Tales of King Bharthari and King Gopi Chand as Sung and Told by Madhu Natisar Nath of Ghatiyali, Rajasthan. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1992 1992.

2215:. As a consequence Indian languages were changed greatly, with the large scale entry of Persian and its many Arabic loans into the Gujarati lexicon. One fundamental adoption was Persian's conjunction "that", 1735:

Rajasthani has retained an important feature of ergative syntax lost by the other representatives of Modern Western New Indo-Aryan (NIA), namely, the free omission of Agent NP from the perfective transitive

4746:

anuccheda 1(eka):sagalā minakha jinama su sutaṁtara ara marayāda ara adhikārāṁ māyaṁ barobara hove। be tarka ara biveka su sampanna hai ara uṇone bhāyapana rī bhāvanā su eka bijā sāruṁ kāma karaṇo cāhijai

1059:. In May 2015, a senior member of the pressure group Rajasthani Bhasha Manyata Samiti said at a New Delhi press conference: "Twelve years have passed, but there has absolutely been no forward movement." 1732:

of verbs whose perfective participles may be used as modifiers are described in (Dashchenko 1987). Rajasthani seems to have less constrains on this usage, compare bad in Hindi but normal in Rajasthani.

2307:. In contrast to modern Persian, the pronunciation of these loans into Rajasthani and other Indo-Aryan languages, as well as that of Indian-recited Persian, seems to be in line with Persian spoken in 1665:

Rajasthani has two numbers and two genders with three cases. Postpositions are of two categories, inflexional and derivational. Derivational postpositions are mostly omitted in actual discourse.

1698:: first person pronouns – second person pronouns – demonstratives and third person pronouns – proper nouns – common nouns (human – animate – inanimate). Rajasthani 9566: 9431: 5301: 4724:अनुच्छेद १(एक): सभी मनुष्य जन्म से स्वतन्त्र तथा मर्यादा और अधिकारों में समान होते हैं। वे तर्क और विवेक से सम्पन्न हैं तथा उन्हें भ्रातृत्व की भावना से परस्पर के प्रति कार्य करना चाहिए। 2224:

end of Persian education and power, (1) Perso-Arabic loans are quite unlikely to be thought of or known as loans, and (2) more importantly, these loans have often been Rajasthani-ized.

4760:

All humans birth from independent and dignity and rights in equal are. They logic and conscience from endowed are and they fraternity in the spirit of each other towards work should.

4391:

The letter 'ळ'(ɭ) is specially used in Rajasthani script. 'ल'(l) and 'ळ'(ɭ) have different sounds. The use of both has different meanings, like कालौ (black color) and काळौ (insane).

3510:, or Modiya, was used to write Rajasthani. The script is also called as Maru Gurjari in a few records. In Pakistan, where Rajasthani is considered a minor language, a variant of the 1702:

system partially follows this hierarchy:first and second person pronouns have similar A and S marking, the other pronouns and singular nouns are showing attrition of A/S opposition.

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All humans are born independent and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with logic and conscience and they should work towards each other in the spirit of fraternity.

5352: 10415: 8572: 5459: 1076:

A committee was formed by the Government in March 2023 to make Rajasthani an official language of the state after huge protests by the youths of Rajasthani Yuva Samiti.

5406: 5326: 4714:अनुच्छेद १(एक):सगळा मिनख आजाद अर मरयादा अर अधिकारां मायं बरोबरी ले'र जलम लेवै। वै तरक अर बिवेक सु भरां होवै अर वानै भाईचारे री भावना सु एक बिजा सारुं काम करणौ चाहिजै। 1009:

George Abraham Grierson (1908) was the first scholar who gave the designation 'Rajasthani' to the language, which was earlier known through its various dialects.

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is relatively new, Perso-Arabic has a longer history behind it. Both English and Perso-Arabic influences are quite nationwide phenomena, in a way paralleling

8500: 4673: 4637: 4543: 8401: 4657: 4459: 1695: 8515: 4473: 4449: 9738: 5245: 1713: 9771: 4663: 4627: 4553: 1750:

Relative pronoun 'jakau' may be used not only in relative/correlative constructions, but also in complex sentences with "cause/effect" relations.

6539: 6395: 4607: 4569: 2790:

words adhere to Sanskrit. That is not to say that the most basic changes have been underway: many English words are pluralised with Rajasthani

6282: 1739:

Rajasthani is the only Western NIA language where the reflexes of Old Indo-Aryan synthetic passive have penetrated into the perfective domain.

4683: 5666: 9139: 9090: 5698: 5682: 5650: 4573: 4533: 1052: 193: 5618: 1716:

when the participial component of a predicate agrees with O-NP while the auxiliary verb might agree with A-NP. 2. Stative participle from

985:

It is exclusively spoken by the Pawar Rajputs (Bhoyar Pawar) who have migrated from Rajasthan and Malwa to Satpura and Vidarbha regions.

10354: 4418:

used in composition of Suryamal Misharan and Baankidas. Dingal is literary genre of Charans and is written as couplets, songs and poems.

3156: 2198: 5634: 5602: 5194: 1044:

included Rajasthani in its course of studies, and it has been an optional subject since 1973. National recognition has lagged, however.

2204: 1720:

may agree with the Agent. 3. Honorific agreement of feminine noun implies masculine plural form both in its modifiers and in the verb.

1595: 5089: 3441:

c.1616, "pool or lake for irrigation or drinking water," a word originally brought by the Portuguese from India, ult. from Gujarati

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Dhundhar region of northeastern Rajasthan Jaipur, Sawai Madhopur, Dausa, Tonk and some parts of Sikar and karauli district

17: 9764: 8505: 8372: 1679: 1629: 6532: 6388: 4963: 2275:

Below is a table displaying a number of these loans. Currently some of the etymologies are being referenced to an Urdu

1276: 1033: 9052: 8065: 5229: 1687: 942:

the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan which comprises the southern Churu, Jhunjhunu, Neem-Ka-Thana and Sikar districts.

400: 5123: 4426:

It was used for writing poem only by Bhats and Ravs. It is an amalgamation of Brij Bhasha and Rajasthani languages.

9818: 9083: 1570: 10395: 8495: 1290: 1021: 10405: 10159: 9757: 8749: 8598: 8557: 8542: 6938: 2087:

s can also co-exist in a language; sometimes of no consequence and at other times with differences in meaning:

1622: 1313: 1048: 923:

Pakistan and India (Jaisalmer and Barmer districts of Rajasthan and Tharparkar and Umerkot districts of Sindh)

6011: 5971: 5943: 5915: 5875: 5859: 5831: 5771: 5755: 5739: 7717: 6755: 6525: 6381: 5815: 5787: 2156:), as well as words of local origin that cannot be pegged as belonging to any of the three prior categories ( 5676: 5660: 4942: 3457:"pond, lake pool," and reinforced in later sense of "large artificial container for liquid" (1690) by Port. 10390: 10344: 9723: 7688: 7508: 7354: 6674: 5708: 5692: 5644: 5628: 5612: 4791: 1561: 1304: 1037: 414: 206: 119: 421:

of the Central-Zone in the Indian national census, among other places. The main Rajasthani subgroups are:

10400: 9718: 9076: 9047: 8485: 8251: 8219: 8075: 6087: 1954: 1320: 1249: 1186: 1113: 983:

Betul, Chhindwara, and Pandhurna districts of Madhya Pradesh, as well as Wardha district of Maharashtra.

31: 2040:

Many old tatsam words have changed their meanings or have had their meanings adopted for modern times.

7785: 2112:

religious concept of works or deeds whose divine consequences are experienced in this life or the next.

1953:, "same as that". While Sanskrit eventually stopped being spoken vernacularly, in that it changed into 1643: 1029: 375:. In particular, it is unclear which languages are in which subcategories or which subcategories exist. 322: 1073:

In 2019 Rajasthan Government included Rajasthani as a language subject in state's open school system.

10294: 10176: 8792: 8625: 8433: 8224: 7925: 7899: 7338: 7222: 4515: 1336: 382: 342:, the most spoken Rajasthani language with approximately 8 million speakers situated in the historic 1193:, Rajasthani has perhaps a 50 to 65 percent overlap with Hindi, based on a comparison of a 210-word 9728: 8797: 8120: 6884: 1579: 1258: 378: 8721: 8688: 8534: 8465: 8365: 6131: 4521: 4483: 3490: 1705: 1682:: transitive (A) and intransitive (S) subjects have similar case marking, different from that of 1145: 1085: 1025: 104: 3511: 3139:) for those family friends and elders that are not actually uncles and aunts but are of the age. 839:: Sirsa district, Fatehabad district, Hisar district, Bhiwani district, Charkhi-dadri district, 10252: 10076: 9284: 8934: 8835: 8592: 8450: 8328: 8197: 7473: 7267: 7094: 6622: 6124: 4631: 4487: 2620: 1683: 1421: 1178: 109: 5445: 5391: 5014: 10247: 9867: 9852: 9780: 9162: 9144: 8787: 8460: 7998: 7811: 7297: 7262: 7257: 7089: 6602: 5198: 4435: 3433: 3330: 1602: 1414: 1407: 1056: 8380: 6368: 10329: 9641: 8962: 8716: 8577: 8470: 8455: 8445: 8428: 8423: 8415: 8286: 8261: 8130: 8100: 7957: 7737: 7727: 7537: 6548: 5261: 3407:"low, thatched house," lit. "Bengalese," used elliptically for "house in the Bengal style." 114: 6177: 6152: 8: 10242: 10096: 10001: 9586: 8333: 8140: 7861: 7846: 7778: 7752: 7742: 7667: 7384: 7174: 7101: 7084: 6829: 6659: 6347: 6337: 4593: 4557: 4467: 2786:

As English loanwords are a relatively new phenomenon, they adhere to English grammar, as

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recognize Rajasthani as a distinct language, and it is taught as such in Bikaner's

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literary and cultural development are crucial for its preservation and promotion.

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means "spreading", but now it is used for "broadcasting". In addition to this are

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1598, "name given by Europeans to hired laborers in India and China," from Hindi

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some factors block addition of an extra agent into the causative construction.

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Rajasthani, Rajasthani Shabd-Kosh part I Sanshodhan Parivardhan, 1945–present

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as Sanskrit and Rajasthani are, met up in some instances with its cognates:

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Pali and Sirohi districts of Rajasthan and Banaskantha district of Gujarat.

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passed a unanimous resolution to insert recognition of Rajasthani into the

822: 241:

where it is spoken by 25,394 people according to the 2011 Census of Nepal.

10284: 10026: 9299: 7369: 7184: 6690: 5119: 4647: 2739: 2718: 2431: 2308: 1616: 1243: 1226: 9749: 5531: 5507: 5145: 9976: 9933: 9304: 7478: 7447: 7418: 6517: 6307: 6181: 6156: 5075: 2276: 2134:→ private sector. Physical sense, but of higher or special importance; 1401: 1328: 1236: 1109: 928: 658: 305: 289: 5460:"Panel to see if Rajasthani can be 2nd official language of Rajasthan" 4926:

Eberhard, David M.; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2023).

1764:

These are the three general categories of words in modern Indo-Aryan:

1062:

All 25 Members of Parliament elected from Rajasthan state, as well as

802:

Nimar region of west-central India within the state of Madhya Pradesh

9202: 9068: 8392: 8268: 8177: 8157: 6849: 6844: 6576: 4732: 3359: 3315: 3199: 2866: 2045: 1553: 1518: 1350: 1284: 1165: 1089: 1070:, have also voiced support for official recognition of the language. 871: 632: 261: 210: 178: 73: 6125:"Language policy, multilingualism and language vitality in Pakistan" 1205:

Rajasthani has 11 vowels and 38 consonants. The Rajasthani language

260:

Most of the Rajasthani languages are chiefly spoken in the state of

9324: 9233: 8306: 8048: 7399: 6864: 6859: 6839: 6597: 6498: 5353:"Exercise begins for declaring Rajasthani second official language" 4501: 3391: 3016: 3004: 2753: 2177: 1784: 297: 5049:"Pakistan & Afghanistan – Carte linguistique / Linguistic map" 4699:

The following is a sample text in High Hindi, of Article 1 of the

3473:). But others say the Port. word is the source of the Indian ones. 9910: 9511: 9456: 9182: 9031: 9021: 9016: 8525: 8240: 8111: 7584: 7318: 6834: 3503: 3375: 3255: 3240: 2722: 2109: 1957:, it was nonetheless standardised and retained as a literary and 1435: 970: 966: 947: 852: 769: 751: 568: 564: 479: 474: 469: 442: 281: 265: 222: 218: 2256:, a few words have made a complete transition of verbification: 2130:

Field—Abstract sense, such as a field of knowledge or activity;

229:

in India. There are also speakers in the Pakistani provinces of

10349: 10129: 10071: 10061: 10011: 9905: 9274: 9000: 8406: 7579: 7428: 7403: 6963: 6955: 6879: 6770: 6695: 6446: 5407:"Demand gains momentum for making Rajasthani official language" 4687: 4677: 4412: 3412: 3300: 3270: 2992: 2854: 2165: 2049: 1137: 909: 904:

Northern parts of India and Pakistan as well as in Afghanistan

890: 788: 713: 610: 437: 343: 313: 293: 6261:

Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media

5327:"Rajasthani language introduced in state's open school system" 866:

Khandesh region of north-west Maharashtra and also in Gujarat

10363: 10186: 9551: 9177: 9124: 9011: 9006: 7394: 7292: 6433: 6373: 4927: 4505: 3285: 2747: 2656: 2102: 1217: 732: 464: 309: 277: 273: 248:

is also used to refer to a literary language mostly based on

238: 234: 214: 77: 5302:"Vasundhara Raje flags off 'Rajasthani language rath yatra'" 4961: 1962:

treated as a separate grammatical category unto themselves.

1674:

Rajasthani belongs to the languages that mix three types of

10304: 9794: 9258: 8095: 7408: 5266:

Sit-in for constitutional recognition of Rajasthani planned

1709: 1101: 1093: 5285:

Vasundhara Raje flags off ‘Rajasthani language rath yatra’

5222:

Language and the State Perspectives on the Eighth Schedule

1712:). Another peculiar feature of Rajasthani is the split in 1148:

in what is called a main form, with a possible proceeding

27:

Indo-Aryan language and dialect cluster of northwest India

8187: 4805:

The Rajasthani language faces several issues, including:

4403:

Old literary Rajasthani had two types of writing styles.

2068:

and thus neo-Sanskrit has varying degrees of acceptance.

3157:

Portuguese-based creole languages in India and Sri Lanka

2729:

also speak an accordingly Persianized form of Gujarati.

2272:– to pass. The last three are definite part and parcel. 2240:– attack, all carry Gujarati's masculine gender marker, 6041: 5719: 5717: 4902:

39 million in Rajasthan and 7 million in Madhya Pradesh

2203:

India was ruled for many centuries by Persian-speaking

746:

Dungarpur and Banswara districts of Southern Rajasthan

417:. However, they are controversially conflated with the 5989: 5977: 5949: 5921: 5893: 5881: 5837: 5793: 5220:

R. S. Gupta, Anvita Abbi, Kailash S. Aggarwal (1995).

4816:

and promotion that other scheduled languages receive.

4800: 4452:: Dingal Sabdkosh (Dingal Dictionary) :Rajasthani and 3486:

Script of Rajasthani accessed from Mewar State Records

1209:

has developed three lexical tones: low, mid and high.

764:

Banjaras of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

6029: 5171:"..:: Welcome to Sahitya Akademi – About us ::." 3164:

as an affricate instead of the current standard of .

6353:

A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages

6065: 6053: 6017: 5714: 5010: 5008: 5006: 4925: 3445:"cistern, underground reservoir for water," Marathi 846:: Fazilka district & Southern Muktsar district. 708:

Malva region of Madhya Pradesh radesh and Rajasthan

10416:

Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census

3494:

Bahi Patta written by Maharana Pratap in Old Mewari

3135:These English forms are often used (prominently by 6328:A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English 6232:A Dictionary of Indian Literature: Beginnings-1850 6205:Medieval Indian Literature: Surveys and selections 6145: 5028:"Ethnologue.com: Ethnologue report for Rajasthani" 4932:(26th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. 3506:which is written from left to right. Earlier, the 3428:, name of an aboriginal tribe or caste in Gujarat. 2742:, and then streaming in on the basis of continued 237:. Rajasthani is also spoken to a lesser extent in 6283:"Neeraj Chopra invests in regional OTT app Stage" 6170: 6117: 5003: 3518:Rajasthani in Devanagari and Perso-Arabic script 2295:as Urdu has no neuter gender, and Urdu's Persian 10382: 8573:Constituencies of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly 6201: 4945:Die Klassifikation der indogermanischen Sprachen 4712: 2075:sets, modern IA languages have a common, higher 1723:In Hindi and Punjabi only a few combinations of 47: 2299:is not upheld in Rajasthani and corresponds to 1694:increasing from left to right in the following 3453:"reservoir of water, tank." Perhaps from Skt. 2252:. Aside from easy slotting with the auxiliary 288:. Rajasthani languages are also spoken in the 9765: 9084: 8366: 6533: 6389: 6339:A Simplified Grammar of the Gujarati Language 5257: 5255: 1759: 727:Mewar region of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh 5244:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 4969:(Report). Vol. II. Government of Nepal. 1012:India's National Academy of Literature, the 381:. There might be a discussion about this on 255: 5277: 5219: 5064:http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft3g500573/ 4722: 3465:"hold back a current of water," from V.L. * 2199:Persian language in the Indian subcontinent 9772: 9758: 9091: 9077: 8373: 8359: 6540: 6526: 6396: 6382: 5252: 2152:What remains are words of foreign origin ( 9779: 6228: 5195:"awards & fellowships-Akademi Awards" 4989:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 621: 401:Learn how and when to remove this message 6547: 6325:Platts, John T. (John Thompson) (1884), 3489: 3481: 1791:words and their Old Indo-Aryan sources: 783:Hadoti region of southeastern Rajasthan 6335: 6035: 5995: 5983: 5955: 5927: 5899: 5887: 5843: 5799: 3498:In India, Rajasthani is written in the 3346:English (not specifically the language) 670:Western and Northern part of Rajasthan 413:The Rajasthani languages belong to the 14: 10383: 9098: 9058:Power stations and power organisations 8516:Chief Justices of Rajasthan High Court 6346: 6324: 6071: 6059: 6047: 6023: 6007: 5967: 5939: 5911: 5871: 5855: 5827: 5811: 5783: 5767: 5751: 5735: 5723: 5704: 5688: 5672: 5656: 5640: 5624: 5608: 5597:Teach Yourself Beginner's Hindi Script 5404: 5350: 4979: 4440: 3514:is used to write Rajasthani dialects. 2323: 2279:so that Gujarati's singular masculine 2168:, and English, with trace elements of 9753: 9072: 8354: 6521: 6377: 5505: 4973: 4962:Central Bureau of Statistics (2014). 4921: 4919: 4701:Universal Declaration of Human Rights 3385: 2207:, amongst the most notable being the 639: 5599:. Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 83–86. 5020: 4785: 4445:Linguists and their work and year: 1084:Rajasthani is a head-final, or left- 353: 6280: 4801:Challenges and Preservation Efforts 2619:Lastly, Persian, being part of the 825:of Rajasthan, Punjab & Haryana. 689:Marwar region of Western Rajasthan 24: 5126:from the original on 24 March 2016 4929:Ethnologue: Languages of the World 4916: 2176:. While the phenomenon of English 1034:Vardhaman Mahaveer Open University 1004: 415:Western Indo-Aryan language family 25: 10427: 6362: 6356:, London: Oxford University Press 6235:. Orient Blackswan. p. 289. 5506:Smith, John D (29 January 1992). 4398: 3477: 2329: 2160:). The former consists mainly of 1642: 1635: 1628: 1621: 1601: 1594: 1578: 1569: 1560: 1538: 1529: 1505: 1496: 1485: 1476: 1467: 1458: 1449: 1440: 1420: 1413: 1406: 1335: 1319: 1312: 1303: 1296: 1289: 1275: 1266: 1257: 1248: 349: 8524: 8501:Institutions of higher education 8382: 8243:(unknown further classification) 6208:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 453. 5197:. 28 August 2009. Archived from 4864:6. Economic and Social Pressures 4530:: Rajasthani language, 1950–1970 2339: 2064:. Most people, though, just use 358: 192: 10411:Languages written in Devanagari 6300: 6274: 6249: 6222: 6195: 6105: 6093: 6077: 5589: 5565: 5556: 5547: 5538: 5499: 5485: 5452: 5398: 5344: 5319: 5294: 5213: 5187: 5163: 5138: 5112: 5082: 5068: 4809:1. Lack of Official Recognition 4707:Rajasthani in Devanagari Script 3424:"hired servant," probably from 2192: 1132:. A verb is expressed with its 1022:Maharaja Ganga Singh University 6403: 6331:, London: W.H. Allen & Co. 6281:Jha, Lata (27 November 2023). 6114:. Online Etymology Dictionary. 6102:. Online Etymology Dictionary. 5055: 5041: 4955: 4936: 4896: 4694: 2334: 2315:, perhaps 500 years ago. 2248:– compartment, has the neuter 2060:for "far talk", translated as 1164:, and also showing agreement. 1049:Rajasthan Legislative Assembly 338:Hindi speakers in the census. 13: 1: 9739:Scheduled languages in states 5150:RajRAS | RAS Exam Preparation 4964:Population monograph of Nepal 4909: 4820:2. Standardization Challenges 4429: 3143: 2764:In matters of sound, English 1754: 1660: 346:region of western Rajasthan. 94:46 million (2011 census) 4792:Rajasthani language movement 4745: 2621:Indo-Iranian language family 1680:nominative – accusative 1200: 1042:Board of Secondary Education 1038:Mohanlal Sukhadia University 1018:University Grants Commission 917:Devanagri, Mahajani, Arabic 209:. It is spoken primarily in 207:Western Indo-Aryan languages 7: 6088:Online Etymology Dictionary 5090:"Browse by Language Family" 1172:Use of retroflex consonants 332: 32:Rajasthani (disambiguation) 10: 10432: 6318: 5524:10.1163/000000092790083642 5405:Bureau (11 January 2023). 4789: 4719:Hindi in Devanagari Script 4713: 4566:: Rajasthani, 1970–present 4433: 4410: 2732: 2320: 2196: 1775: 1760:Categorisation and sources 1079: 1030:Jai Narain Vyas University 643:Geographical distribution 323:Linguistic Survey of India 48: 29: 10322: 10185: 10110: 9967: 9919: 9866: 9828: 9813: 9787: 9714: 9565: 9430: 9417: 9267: 9138: 9117: 9106: 9040: 8990: 8948: 8915: 8882: 8849: 8806: 8793:Khairthal-Tijara district 8758: 8730: 8697: 8654: 8626:Didwana Kuchaman district 8606: 8591: 8533: 8522: 8414: 8399: 8320: 8277: 8233: 8210: 8166: 8109: 8083: 8074: 8041: 8016: 7986: 7935: 7924: 7917: 7880: 7834: 7804: 7761: 7698: 7687: 7652: 7614: 7593: 7567: 7546: 7525: 7516: 7507: 7487: 7456: 7362: 7353: 7306: 7198: 7115: 7050: 7043: 6996: 6954: 6926: 6919: 6912: 6810: 6789: 6763: 6754: 6704: 6683: 6647: 6631: 6585: 6564: 6555: 6497: 6432: 6411: 6229:Mukherjee, Sujit (1998). 6202:Ayyappappanikkar (1997). 5274:. Accessed 22 April 2016. 4763:Translation (grammatical) 4723: 4703:(by the United Nations): 4516:Saubhagya Singh Shekhawat 4421: 4406: 3662: 2351:gain, advantage, benefit 2338: 2333: 2328: 2095: 2092: 1945: 1799: 1796: 1668: 1648: 1641: 1634: 1627: 1620: 1609: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1591: 1575: 1568: 1566: 1559: 1557: 1546: 1526: 1524: 1522: 1493: 1428: 1426: 1419: 1412: 1405: 1388: 1378: 1373: 1363: 1358: 1295: 1283: 1274: 1256: 1242: 256:Geographical distribution 191: 177: 172: 138: 100:Linguistic classification 98: 88: 67: 57: 46: 41: 8798:Kotputli-Behror district 8121:Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit 6412:Spoken by nomadic tribes 5351:Bureau (18 March 2023). 5291:. Accessed 22 April 2016 4986:The Indo-Aryan Languages 4889: 4776: 2071:So, while having unique 217:, and adjacent areas of 10345:Pakistani Sign Language 9053:Hydrography of Rajathan 8722:Sri Ganganagar district 8689:Sawai Madhopur district 8563:Human rights Commission 6132:Quaid-i-Azam University 5283:Press Trust of India, " 4853:5. Literary Development 4842:4. Media Representation 4590:: Rajasthani, 1971–1989 4540:and Rajasthani, 1955–60 4522:Suniti Kumar Chatterjee 4484:George Abraham Grierson 1068:Vasundhara Raje Scindia 1026:University of Rajasthan 461:Bhilli-Banjara Adivasi 264:but are also spoken in 10396:Languages of Rajasthan 8935:Neem Ka Thana district 8836:Jodhpur Rural district 8329:Indo-Iranian languages 6336:Tisdall, W.S. (1892), 5174:sahitya-akademi.gov.in 4831:3. Educational Neglect 4660:: Bhili, 2000–present. 4632:dialects of Rajasthani 4488:dialects of Rajasthani 3495: 3487: 3475: 3430: 3409: 2377:purchase(s), shopping 1179:Indo-Iranian languages 622:Languages and dialects 10406:Rajasthani literature 9781:Languages of Pakistan 9145:Constitution of India 8788:Jaipur Rural district 7999:Maharashtrian Konkani 6308:"AIR News Rajasthani" 5493:"Facts about Gujarat" 5146:"Rajasthani Language" 4875:7. Linguistic Erosion 4782:Rajasthani language. 4524:: Rajasthani, 1948–49 4436:Rajasthani literature 3493: 3485: 3439: 3418: 3397: 2740:British colonial rule 1181:, the basic sentence 1064:former Chief Minister 1057:Constitution of India 955:Devanagari, Gujarati 661:; previously Mandya; 561:(Northern), district) 10330:Indo-Aryan languages 8963:Chittorgarh district 8717:Hanumangarh district 8558:Legislative Assembly 8287:Andaman Creole Hindi 7718:Bishnupriya Manipuri 7538:Caribbean Hindustani 6549:Indo-Aryan languages 6348:Turner, Ralph Lilley 5709:p. 766. Entry 13276. 5693:p. 762. Entry 13173. 5677:p. 706. Entry 12193. 5512:Indo-Iranian Journal 5262:Press Trust of India 4943:Ernst Kausen, 2006. 4751:Gloss (word-to-word) 3399:1676, from Gujarati 3374:Common occupational 2682:(adjectival suffix) 2446:different, separate 2283:corresponds to Urdu 2268:– to spend (money), 2260:– to admit (fault), 2083:s and their derived 1116:, and there are two 898:Takri, Pasto-Arabic 486:Northern Rajasthani 371:confusing or unclear 203:Rajasthani languages 30:For other uses, see 18:Rajasthani Languages 10391:Rajasthani language 9819:administrative unit 9567:100,000 – 1 million 8750:Pratapgarh district 8334:Nuristani languages 8066:Mitanni superstrate 6675:Wotapuri-Katarqalai 5661:p. 502. Entry 8947. 5629:p. 203. Entry 3856. 5534:– via JOSTOR. 5017:censusindia.gov.in 4594:Christopher Shackle 4441:Prominent linguists 3519: 3371:"To stretch (out)". 1959:liturgical language 1905:equal, alike, level 1867:attains to, obtains 1688:absolutive-ergative 1353: 1220: 1187:subject–object–verb 1130:indefinite articles 496:Eastern Rajasthani 429:Western Rajasthani 379:clarify the section 10401:Languages of India 9969:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 9788:Official languages 9719:Linguistic history 9100:Languages of India 9048:Forts in Rajasthan 8968:Rajsamand district 8930:Jhunjhunu district 8826:Jaisalmer district 8745:Dungarpur district 8664:Bharatpur district 8656:Bharatpur division 8220:Proto-Indo-Iranian 8101:Early Ardhamagadhi 5464:The Times of India 5444:has generic name ( 5390:has generic name ( 5306:The Economic Times 5289:The Economic Times 5271:The Economic Times 4674:Amitabh V. Dwivedi 4638:Liudmila Khokhlova 4544:Narottam Das Swami 4512:, Rajasthani, 1940 3517: 3496: 3488: 3461:"reservoir," from 3386:Loans into English 3117:district collector 2768:consonants map as 1700:split case marking 1349: 1216: 1152:form derived from 327:George A. Grierson 120:Western Indo-Aryan 10378: 10377: 10318: 10317: 9747: 9746: 9710: 9709: 9413: 9412: 9066: 9065: 9041:Related templates 8986: 8985: 8973:Salumbar district 8958:Bhilwara district 8902:Sanchore district 8869:Jhalawar district 8740:Banswara district 8732:Banswara division 8707:Anupgarh district 8679:Gangapur district 8641:Shahpura district 8568:Political parties 8511:Chief Secretaries 8348: 8347: 8339:Iranian languages 8206: 8205: 8126:Dramatic Prakrits 8037: 8036: 8012: 8011: 7913: 7912: 7830: 7829: 7786:Rajbanshi (Nepal) 7683: 7682: 7503: 7502: 7349: 7348: 7339:list of languages 7039: 7038: 6992: 6991: 6908: 6907: 6750: 6749: 6515: 6514: 6242:978-81-250-1453-9 6215:978-81-260-0365-5 6050:, pp. 49–50. 5645:p. 30. Entry 684. 5613:p. 44. Entry 992. 5595:Snell, R. (2000) 5508:"EPIC RAJASTHANI" 5466:. 17 March 2023. 5287:", 26 July 2015, 5201:on 28 August 2009 5100:on 4 January 2012 4996:978-0-521-29944-2 4786:Language movement 4731:Transliteration ( 4658:Maxwell P Philips 4640:: Rajasthani and 4620:: Rajasthani and 4546:: Rajasthani and 4494:Kan Singh Parihar 4486:: Almost all the 4476:: Rajasthani and 4460:George Macalister 4389: 4388: 3500:Devanagari script 3368: 3367: 3132: 3131: 2748:Republic of India 2746:dominance in the 2716: 2715: 2697:closed, fastened 2617: 2616: 2150: 2149: 2038: 2037: 1955:Middle Indo-Aryan 1943: 1942: 1772:, and loanwords. 1730:Semantic features 1696:nominal hierarchy 1684:transitive object 1658: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1345: 1344: 1112:of Rajasthani is 1002: 1001: 411: 410: 403: 312:. It merges with 200: 199: 16:(Redirected from 10423: 10340:Iranic languages 10335:Dardic languages 10150:Pothwari Punjabi 9921:Gilgit-Baltistan 9826: 9825: 9822: 9774: 9767: 9760: 9751: 9750: 9428: 9427: 9268:State-level only 9115: 9114: 9093: 9086: 9079: 9070: 9069: 8978:Udaipur district 8950:Udaipur division 8841:Phalodi district 8831:Jodhpur district 8816:Balotra district 8808:Jodhpur division 8712:Bikaner district 8699:Bikaner division 8684:Karauli district 8674:Dholpur district 8604: 8603: 8528: 8387: 8386: 8385: 8375: 8368: 8361: 8352: 8351: 8225:Proto-Indo-Aryan 8081: 8080: 8004:Canarese Konkani 7933: 7932: 7922: 7921: 7696: 7695: 7523: 7522: 7514: 7513: 7360: 7359: 7048: 7047: 6924: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6761: 6760: 6562: 6561: 6542: 6535: 6528: 6519: 6518: 6398: 6391: 6384: 6375: 6374: 6357: 6342: 6332: 6312: 6311: 6304: 6298: 6297: 6295: 6293: 6278: 6272: 6271: 6269: 6267: 6253: 6247: 6246: 6226: 6220: 6219: 6199: 6193: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6174: 6168: 6167: 6165: 6163: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6138: 6129: 6121: 6115: 6109: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6081: 6075: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6045: 6039: 6033: 6027: 6021: 6015: 6005: 5999: 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5965: 5959: 5953: 5947: 5937: 5931: 5925: 5919: 5909: 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5879: 5869: 5863: 5853: 5847: 5841: 5835: 5825: 5819: 5809: 5803: 5797: 5791: 5781: 5775: 5765: 5759: 5749: 5743: 5733: 5727: 5721: 5712: 5702: 5696: 5686: 5680: 5670: 5664: 5654: 5648: 5638: 5632: 5622: 5616: 5606: 5600: 5593: 5587: 5586: 5584: 5582: 5577: 5569: 5563: 5560: 5554: 5551: 5545: 5542: 5536: 5535: 5518:(2/3): 251–269. 5503: 5497: 5496: 5489: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5456: 5450: 5449: 5443: 5439: 5437: 5429: 5427: 5425: 5402: 5396: 5395: 5389: 5385: 5383: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5339: 5337: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5314: 5312: 5298: 5292: 5281: 5275: 5259: 5250: 5249: 5243: 5235: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5206: 5191: 5185: 5184: 5182: 5180: 5167: 5161: 5160: 5158: 5156: 5142: 5136: 5135: 5133: 5131: 5116: 5110: 5109: 5107: 5105: 5096:. Archived from 5086: 5080: 5079: 5072: 5066: 5059: 5053: 5052: 5045: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5034: 5024: 5018: 5015:2011 Census data 5012: 5001: 4999: 4977: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4959: 4953: 4940: 4934: 4933: 4923: 4903: 4900: 4756:Article 1 (one) 4748: 4726: 4725: 4716: 4715: 4588:Kali Charan Bahl 3520: 3516: 3333:(in Catholicism) 3167: 3166: 3153:Portuguese India 2961:air conditioning 2798: 2797: 2626: 2625: 2418:house, building 2341: 2336: 2331: 2318: 2317: 2090: 2089: 2052:. An example is 1965: 1964: 1794: 1793: 1725:transitive verbs 1718:transitive verbs 1692:ergative marking 1646: 1639: 1632: 1625: 1605: 1598: 1582: 1573: 1564: 1544: 1535: 1511: 1502: 1491: 1482: 1473: 1464: 1455: 1446: 1424: 1417: 1410: 1354: 1348: 1339: 1323: 1316: 1307: 1300: 1293: 1279: 1270: 1261: 1252: 1221: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1104:, and there are 640:No. of speakers 626: 625: 548:Rajgarh district 406: 399: 395: 392: 386: 362: 361: 354: 205:are a branch of 196: 187: 51: 50: 39: 38: 21: 10431: 10430: 10426: 10425: 10424: 10422: 10421: 10420: 10381: 10380: 10379: 10374: 10360:Pakistani Hindi 10314: 10181: 10106: 10047:Kohistani Shina 10017:Indus Kohistani 9963: 9915: 9862: 9858:Pahari-Pothwari 9816: 9815: 9814:Other languages 9809: 9783: 9778: 9748: 9743: 9729:Multilingualism 9706: 9568: 9561: 9433: 9422: 9420: 9409: 9263: 9143: 9134: 9109: 9102: 9097: 9067: 9062: 9036: 8982: 8944: 8911: 8907:Sirohi district 8892:Jalore district 8878: 8845: 8821:Barmer district 8802: 8783:Jaipur district 8760:Jaipur division 8754: 8726: 8693: 8650: 8636:Nagaur district 8621:Beawar district 8597: 8595: 8587: 8548:Chief Ministers 8529: 8520: 8410: 8395: 8383: 8381: 8379: 8349: 8344: 8343: 8316: 8279: 8273: 8229: 8212: 8202: 8162: 8105: 8091:Ashokan Prakrit 8070: 8033: 8008: 7982: 7927: 7909: 7876: 7826: 7800: 7757: 7690: 7679: 7648: 7610: 7589: 7563: 7542: 7499: 7483: 7452: 7424:Hyderabadi Urdu 7345: 7302: 7194: 7111: 7035: 6988: 6979:Pahari-Pothwari 6950: 6904: 6885:Pahari Kinnauri 6806: 6785: 6746: 6712:Indus Kohistani 6705:Hazara Division 6700: 6679: 6643: 6627: 6581: 6551: 6546: 6516: 6511: 6493: 6428: 6407: 6402: 6369:Mahajani script 6365: 6321: 6316: 6315: 6306: 6305: 6301: 6291: 6289: 6279: 6275: 6265: 6263: 6255: 6254: 6250: 6243: 6227: 6223: 6216: 6200: 6196: 6186: 6184: 6176: 6175: 6171: 6161: 6159: 6151: 6150: 6146: 6136: 6134: 6127: 6123: 6122: 6118: 6110: 6106: 6098: 6094: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6046: 6042: 6034: 6030: 6022: 6018: 6006: 6002: 5994: 5990: 5982: 5978: 5966: 5962: 5954: 5950: 5938: 5934: 5926: 5922: 5910: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5882: 5870: 5866: 5854: 5850: 5842: 5838: 5826: 5822: 5810: 5806: 5798: 5794: 5782: 5778: 5766: 5762: 5750: 5746: 5734: 5730: 5722: 5715: 5703: 5699: 5687: 5683: 5671: 5667: 5655: 5651: 5639: 5635: 5623: 5619: 5607: 5603: 5594: 5590: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5561: 5557: 5552: 5548: 5543: 5539: 5504: 5500: 5491: 5490: 5486: 5476: 5474: 5458: 5457: 5453: 5441: 5440: 5431: 5430: 5423: 5421: 5403: 5399: 5387: 5386: 5377: 5376: 5369: 5367: 5349: 5345: 5335: 5333: 5325: 5324: 5320: 5310: 5308: 5300: 5299: 5295: 5282: 5278: 5268:", 4 May 2015, 5260: 5253: 5237: 5236: 5232: 5218: 5214: 5204: 5202: 5193: 5192: 5188: 5178: 5176: 5169: 5168: 5164: 5154: 5152: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5129: 5127: 5118: 5117: 5113: 5103: 5101: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5076:"pg no 293,296" 5074: 5073: 5069: 5060: 5056: 5047: 5046: 5042: 5032: 5030: 5026: 5025: 5021: 5013: 5004: 4997: 4978: 4974: 4966: 4960: 4956: 4941: 4937: 4924: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4906: 4901: 4897: 4892: 4803: 4794: 4788: 4779: 4697: 4474:L. P. Tessitori 4450:Ram Karan Asopa 4443: 4438: 4432: 4424: 4415: 4409: 4401: 3508:Mahajani script 3480: 3388: 3146: 3095:political party 3058: 2919:railway station 2913: 2901: 2899: 2887: 2885: 2804:English source 2735: 2209:Delhi Sultanate 2201: 2195: 1948: 1797:Old Indo-Aryan 1778: 1762: 1757: 1671: 1663: 1541: 1532: 1508: 1499: 1488: 1479: 1470: 1461: 1452: 1443: 1383: 1368: 1203: 1124:. There are no 1082: 1053:Eighth Schedule 1014:Sahitya Akademi 1007: 1005:Official status 624: 619: 419:Hindi languages 407: 396: 390: 387: 376: 363: 359: 352: 335: 296:sectors of the 258: 183: 91: 90:Native speakers 69: 52: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10429: 10419: 10418: 10413: 10408: 10403: 10398: 10393: 10376: 10375: 10373: 10372: 10367: 10357: 10352: 10347: 10342: 10337: 10332: 10326: 10324: 10323:Related topics 10320: 10319: 10316: 10315: 10313: 10312: 10307: 10302: 10297: 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10256: 10255: 10250: 10245: 10237: 10232: 10227: 10222: 10217: 10212: 10207: 10202: 10197: 10191: 10189: 10183: 10182: 10180: 10179: 10174: 10169: 10164: 10163: 10162: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10122: 10116: 10114: 10108: 10107: 10105: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9973: 9971: 9965: 9964: 9962: 9961: 9956: 9951: 9946: 9941: 9936: 9931: 9925: 9923: 9917: 9916: 9914: 9913: 9908: 9903: 9898: 9893: 9888: 9883: 9878: 9872: 9870: 9864: 9863: 9861: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9834: 9832: 9823: 9811: 9810: 9808: 9807: 9802: 9791: 9789: 9785: 9784: 9777: 9776: 9769: 9762: 9754: 9745: 9744: 9742: 9741: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9715: 9712: 9711: 9708: 9707: 9705: 9704: 9699: 9694: 9689: 9684: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9579: 9573: 9571: 9563: 9562: 9560: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9438: 9436: 9432:Over 1 million 9425: 9415: 9414: 9411: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9367: 9362: 9357: 9352: 9347: 9342: 9337: 9332: 9327: 9322: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9271: 9269: 9265: 9264: 9262: 9261: 9256: 9251: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9216: 9211: 9205: 9200: 9195: 9190: 9185: 9180: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9149: 9147: 9136: 9135: 9133: 9132: 9127: 9121: 9119: 9112: 9104: 9103: 9096: 9095: 9088: 9081: 9073: 9064: 9063: 9061: 9060: 9055: 9050: 9044: 9042: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9034: 9029: 9024: 9019: 9014: 9009: 9004: 8997: 8995: 8988: 8987: 8984: 8983: 8981: 8980: 8975: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8954: 8952: 8946: 8945: 8943: 8942: 8940:Sikar district 8937: 8932: 8927: 8925:Churu district 8921: 8919: 8917:Sikar division 8913: 8912: 8910: 8909: 8904: 8899: 8894: 8888: 8886: 8880: 8879: 8877: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8864:Bundi district 8861: 8859:Baran district 8855: 8853: 8847: 8846: 8844: 8843: 8838: 8833: 8828: 8823: 8818: 8812: 8810: 8804: 8803: 8801: 8800: 8795: 8790: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8773:Dausa district 8770: 8768:Alwar district 8764: 8762: 8756: 8755: 8753: 8752: 8747: 8742: 8736: 8734: 8728: 8727: 8725: 8724: 8719: 8714: 8709: 8703: 8701: 8695: 8694: 8692: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8660: 8658: 8652: 8651: 8649: 8648: 8643: 8638: 8633: 8631:Kekri district 8628: 8623: 8618: 8616:Ajmer district 8612: 8610: 8608:Ajmer division 8601: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8539: 8537: 8531: 8530: 8523: 8521: 8519: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8506:Municipalities 8503: 8498: 8493: 8488: 8483: 8478: 8473: 8468: 8463: 8458: 8453: 8448: 8443: 8442: 8441: 8436: 8426: 8420: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8400: 8397: 8396: 8378: 8377: 8370: 8363: 8355: 8346: 8345: 8342: 8341: 8336: 8331: 8326: 8322: 8321: 8318: 8317: 8315: 8314: 8309: 8304: 8299: 8294: 8289: 8283: 8281: 8275: 8274: 8272: 8271: 8266: 8265: 8264: 8259: 8249: 8244: 8237: 8235: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8227: 8222: 8216: 8214: 8208: 8207: 8204: 8203: 8201: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8174: 8172: 8164: 8163: 8161: 8160: 8155: 8150: 8149: 8148: 8143: 8138: 8133: 8123: 8117: 8115: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8087: 8085: 8078: 8072: 8071: 8069: 8068: 8063: 8062: 8061: 8056: 8045: 8043: 8039: 8038: 8035: 8034: 8032: 8031: 8026: 8020: 8018: 8014: 8013: 8010: 8009: 8007: 8006: 8001: 7996: 7990: 7988: 7984: 7983: 7981: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7939: 7937: 7930: 7919: 7915: 7914: 7911: 7910: 7908: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7886: 7884: 7878: 7877: 7875: 7874: 7869: 7864: 7859: 7854: 7849: 7844: 7838: 7836: 7832: 7831: 7828: 7827: 7825: 7824: 7819: 7814: 7808: 7806: 7802: 7801: 7799: 7798: 7793: 7788: 7783: 7782: 7781: 7776: 7765: 7763: 7759: 7758: 7756: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7735: 7730: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7714: 7713: 7702: 7700: 7693: 7685: 7684: 7681: 7680: 7678: 7677: 7676: 7675: 7670: 7662: 7656: 7654: 7650: 7649: 7647: 7646: 7641: 7636: 7635: 7634: 7629: 7618: 7616: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7608: 7603: 7597: 7595: 7591: 7590: 7588: 7587: 7582: 7577: 7571: 7569: 7565: 7564: 7562: 7561: 7556: 7550: 7548: 7544: 7543: 7541: 7540: 7535: 7529: 7527: 7520: 7511: 7505: 7504: 7501: 7500: 7498: 7497: 7491: 7489: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7481: 7476: 7471: 7466: 7460: 7458: 7454: 7453: 7451: 7450: 7445: 7440: 7435: 7434: 7433: 7432: 7431: 7426: 7421: 7416: 7406: 7397: 7392: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7366: 7364: 7357: 7351: 7350: 7347: 7346: 7344: 7343: 7342: 7341: 7331: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7310: 7308: 7304: 7303: 7301: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7255: 7250: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7204: 7202: 7196: 7195: 7193: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7121: 7119: 7113: 7112: 7110: 7109: 7104: 7099: 7098: 7097: 7092: 7087: 7079: 7074: 7073: 7072: 7070:Lisan ud-Dawat 7062: 7056: 7054: 7045: 7041: 7040: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7002: 7000: 6994: 6993: 6990: 6989: 6987: 6986: 6981: 6976: 6971: 6966: 6960: 6958: 6952: 6951: 6949: 6948: 6943: 6942: 6941: 6930: 6928: 6921: 6914: 6910: 6909: 6906: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6816: 6814: 6808: 6807: 6805: 6804: 6799: 6793: 6791: 6787: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6767: 6765: 6758: 6752: 6751: 6748: 6747: 6745: 6744: 6739: 6734: 6729: 6724: 6719: 6714: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698: 6693: 6687: 6685: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6677: 6672: 6667: 6662: 6657: 6651: 6649: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6628: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6589: 6587: 6583: 6582: 6580: 6579: 6574: 6568: 6566: 6559: 6553: 6552: 6545: 6544: 6537: 6530: 6522: 6513: 6512: 6510: 6509: 6503: 6501: 6495: 6494: 6492: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6466: 6465: 6464: 6459: 6449: 6444: 6438: 6436: 6430: 6429: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6415: 6413: 6409: 6408: 6401: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6364: 6363:External links 6361: 6360: 6359: 6344: 6333: 6320: 6317: 6314: 6313: 6299: 6273: 6248: 6241: 6221: 6214: 6194: 6169: 6144: 6116: 6104: 6092: 6076: 6064: 6052: 6040: 6036:Tisdall (1892) 6028: 6016: 6000: 5998:, p. 169. 5996:Tisdall (1892) 5988: 5986:, p. 175. 5984:Tisdall (1892) 5976: 5960: 5958:, p. 172. 5956:Tisdall (1892) 5948: 5932: 5930:, p. 184. 5928:Tisdall (1892) 5920: 5904: 5902:, p. 177. 5900:Tisdall (1892) 5892: 5890:, p. 160. 5888:Tisdall (1892) 5880: 5864: 5848: 5846:, p. 170. 5844:Tisdall (1892) 5836: 5820: 5804: 5802:, p. 168. 5800:Tisdall (1892) 5792: 5776: 5760: 5744: 5728: 5713: 5697: 5681: 5665: 5649: 5633: 5617: 5601: 5588: 5564: 5555: 5546: 5537: 5498: 5484: 5451: 5397: 5343: 5318: 5293: 5276: 5251: 5230: 5212: 5186: 5162: 5137: 5111: 5081: 5067: 5054: 5040: 5019: 5002: 4995: 4972: 4954: 4950:Microsoft Word 4935: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4904: 4894: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4879: 4878: 4876: 4868: 4867: 4865: 4857: 4856: 4854: 4846: 4845: 4843: 4835: 4834: 4832: 4824: 4823: 4821: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4802: 4799: 4790:Main article: 4787: 4784: 4778: 4775: 4774: 4773: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4754: 4752: 4749: 4742: 4741: 4740: 4736: 4728: 4727: 4720: 4717: 4710: 4708: 4696: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4681: 4671: 4670:, 2004–present 4661: 4655: 4645: 4644:, 1990–present 4635: 4634:, 1990–present 4625: 4615: 4605: 4591: 4585: 4584:, 1970–present 4567: 4561: 4551: 4541: 4531: 4528:Sita Ram Lalas 4525: 4519: 4513: 4491: 4481: 4471: 4457: 4442: 4439: 4434:Main article: 4431: 4428: 4423: 4420: 4411:Main article: 4408: 4405: 4400: 4399:Writing styles 4397: 4387: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4380: 4376: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4365: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4348: 4346: 4342: 4341: 4338: 4336: 4334: 4330: 4329: 4326: 4324: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4310: 4306: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4280: 4279: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4266: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4252: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4242: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4223: 4220: 4217: 4214: 4210: 4209: 4206: 4203: 4200: 4196: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4182: 4181: 4178: 4175: 4172: 4168: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4154: 4153: 4150: 4147: 4144: 4140: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4122: 4119: 4116: 4112: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4102: 4098: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4083: 4080: 4077: 4074: 4070: 4069: 4066: 4063: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4042: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4032: 4028: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4014: 4013: 4010: 4007: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3996: 3993: 3990: 3986: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3962: 3958: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3934: 3930: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3916: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3902: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3870: 3867: 3864: 3860: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3828: 3825: 3822: 3818: 3817: 3814: 3811: 3808: 3804: 3803: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3780: 3776: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3748: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3737: 3736: 3733: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3715: 3714: 3711: 3708: 3704: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3686: 3682: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3632: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3618: 3617: 3614: 3611: 3608: 3604: 3603: 3600: 3597: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3576: 3575: 3572: 3569: 3566: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3534: 3533: 3530: 3527: 3524: 3479: 3478:Writing system 3476: 3387: 3384: 3383: 3382: 3379: 3372: 3366: 3365: 3362: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3318: 3313: 3307: 3306: 3303: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3288: 3283: 3277: 3276: 3273: 3268: 3262: 3261: 3258: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3243: 3238: 3232: 3231: 3228: 3225: 3219: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3206: 3205: 3202: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3178: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3140: 3130: 3129: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3114: 3108: 3107: 3104: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3076: 3075: 3072: 3066: 3065: 3062: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3030: 3029: 3026: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3008: 3007: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2990: 2984: 2983: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2958: 2952: 2951: 2948: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2932: 2931: 2928: 2922: 2921: 2916: 2908: 2907: 2904: 2894: 2893: 2890: 2880: 2879: 2876: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2858: 2857: 2852: 2846: 2845: 2842: 2836: 2835: 2832: 2826: 2825: 2822: 2816: 2815: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2802: 2780:Indian English 2758:Code-switching 2734: 2731: 2714: 2713: 2710: 2705: 2699: 2698: 2695: 2690: 2684: 2683: 2680: 2675: 2669: 2668: 2665: 2660: 2652: 2651: 2648: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2633: 2630: 2615: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2561: 2560: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2539: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2521: 2519: 2516: 2513: 2507: 2506: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2493: 2491: 2488: 2485: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2467: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2453: 2452: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2416: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2397: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2357: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2343: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2322: 2236:– result, and 2219:. Also, while 2213:Mughal dynasty 2194: 2191: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2139: 2138:→ battlefield. 2128: 2122: 2121: 2118: 2113: 2106: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2048:, often being 2036: 2035: 2030: 2027: 2021: 2020: 2015: 2012: 2006: 2005: 2000: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1985: 1982: 1976: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1922: 1921: 1919: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1902: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1883: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1864: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1847:causes to move 1844: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1798: 1777: 1774: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1737: 1733: 1721: 1714:verbal concord 1703: 1670: 1667: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1649: 1647: 1640: 1633: 1626: 1619: 1613: 1612: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1599: 1592: 1590: 1584: 1583: 1576: 1574: 1567: 1565: 1558: 1556: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1536: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1521: 1515: 1514: 1512: 1503: 1494: 1492: 1483: 1474: 1465: 1456: 1447: 1438: 1432: 1431: 1429: 1427: 1425: 1418: 1411: 1404: 1398: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1377: 1372: 1362: 1357: 1346: 1343: 1342: 1340: 1333: 1331: 1325: 1324: 1317: 1309: 1308: 1301: 1294: 1287: 1281: 1280: 1273: 1271: 1263: 1262: 1255: 1253: 1246: 1240: 1239: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1202: 1199: 1174: 1173: 1098:direct objects 1081: 1078: 1036:and Udaipur's 1006: 1003: 1000: 999: 997: 994: 992: 988: 987: 981: 980:15,000-20,000 978: 975: 973: 963: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 944: 943: 940: 937: 934: 931: 925: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 906: 905: 902: 899: 896: 893: 887: 886: 883: 880: 877: 874: 868: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 849: 848: 819: 816: 813: 810: 804: 803: 800: 797: 794: 791: 785: 784: 781: 778: 775: 772: 766: 765: 762: 759: 757: 754: 748: 747: 744: 741: 738: 735: 729: 728: 725: 722: 719: 716: 710: 709: 706: 703: 700: 697: 691: 690: 687: 684: 681: 678: 672: 671: 668: 665: 656: 653: 645: 644: 641: 638: 635: 630: 623: 620: 618: 617: 616: 615: 614: 613: 608: 603: 602: 601: 598: 590: 589: 588: 562: 551: 544: 529: 494: 493: 492: 484: 483: 482: 477: 472: 467: 459: 458: 457: 452: 447: 446: 445: 440: 423: 409: 408: 366: 364: 357: 351: 350:Classification 348: 334: 331: 270:Madhya Pradesh 257: 254: 227:Madhya Pradesh 198: 197: 189: 188: 181: 175: 174: 173:Language codes 170: 169: 168: 167: 162: 157: 152: 147: 140: 136: 135: 134: 133: 132: 131: 130: 129: 128: 127: 102: 96: 95: 92: 89: 86: 85: 71: 65: 64: 59: 55: 54: 44: 43: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10428: 10417: 10414: 10412: 10409: 10407: 10404: 10402: 10399: 10397: 10394: 10392: 10389: 10388: 10386: 10371: 10368: 10365: 10361: 10358: 10356: 10353: 10351: 10348: 10346: 10343: 10341: 10338: 10336: 10333: 10331: 10328: 10327: 10325: 10321: 10311: 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10263: 10261: 10258: 10254: 10251: 10249: 10246: 10244: 10241: 10240: 10238: 10236: 10233: 10231: 10228: 10226: 10223: 10221: 10218: 10216: 10213: 10211: 10208: 10206: 10203: 10201: 10198: 10196: 10193: 10192: 10190: 10188: 10184: 10178: 10175: 10173: 10170: 10168: 10165: 10161: 10158: 10157: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10126: 10123: 10121: 10118: 10117: 10115: 10113: 10109: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9974: 9972: 9970: 9966: 9960: 9957: 9955: 9952: 9950: 9947: 9945: 9942: 9940: 9937: 9935: 9932: 9930: 9927: 9926: 9924: 9922: 9918: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9902: 9899: 9897: 9894: 9892: 9889: 9887: 9884: 9882: 9879: 9877: 9874: 9873: 9871: 9869: 9865: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9833: 9831: 9827: 9824: 9820: 9812: 9806: 9803: 9800: 9796: 9793: 9792: 9790: 9786: 9782: 9775: 9770: 9768: 9763: 9761: 9756: 9755: 9752: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9716: 9713: 9703: 9700: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9574: 9572: 9570: 9564: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9439: 9437: 9435: 9429: 9426: 9424: 9416: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9368: 9366: 9363: 9361: 9358: 9356: 9353: 9351: 9348: 9346: 9343: 9341: 9338: 9336: 9333: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9321: 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9285:Chhattisgarhi 9283: 9281: 9278: 9276: 9273: 9272: 9270: 9266: 9260: 9257: 9255: 9252: 9250: 9247: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9215: 9212: 9209: 9206: 9204: 9201: 9199: 9196: 9194: 9191: 9189: 9186: 9184: 9181: 9179: 9176: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9150: 9148: 9146: 9141: 9137: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9122: 9120: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9105: 9101: 9094: 9089: 9087: 9082: 9080: 9075: 9074: 9071: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9049: 9046: 9045: 9043: 9039: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9023: 9020: 9018: 9015: 9013: 9010: 9008: 9005: 9002: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8994: 8989: 8979: 8976: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8951: 8947: 8941: 8938: 8936: 8933: 8931: 8928: 8926: 8923: 8922: 8920: 8918: 8914: 8908: 8905: 8903: 8900: 8898: 8897:Pali district 8895: 8893: 8890: 8889: 8887: 8885: 8884:Pali division 8881: 8875: 8874:Kota district 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8856: 8854: 8852: 8851:Kota division 8848: 8842: 8839: 8837: 8834: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8813: 8811: 8809: 8805: 8799: 8796: 8794: 8791: 8789: 8786: 8784: 8781: 8779: 8778:Dudu district 8776: 8774: 8771: 8769: 8766: 8765: 8763: 8761: 8757: 8751: 8748: 8746: 8743: 8741: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8729: 8723: 8720: 8718: 8715: 8713: 8710: 8708: 8705: 8704: 8702: 8700: 8696: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8669:Deeg district 8667: 8665: 8662: 8661: 8659: 8657: 8653: 8647: 8646:Tonk district 8644: 8642: 8639: 8637: 8634: 8632: 8629: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8617: 8614: 8613: 8611: 8609: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8594: 8590: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8540: 8538: 8536: 8532: 8527: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8507: 8504: 8502: 8499: 8497: 8494: 8492: 8491:Highest point 8489: 8487: 8484: 8482: 8479: 8477: 8474: 8472: 8469: 8467: 8464: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8454: 8452: 8449: 8447: 8444: 8440: 8437: 8435: 8432: 8431: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8421: 8419: 8417: 8413: 8409: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8394: 8390: 8376: 8371: 8369: 8364: 8362: 8357: 8356: 8353: 8340: 8337: 8335: 8332: 8330: 8327: 8324: 8323: 8319: 8313: 8310: 8308: 8305: 8303: 8300: 8298: 8297:Haflong Hindi 8295: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8284: 8282: 8276: 8270: 8267: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8254: 8253: 8252:Chinali–Lahul 8250: 8248: 8245: 8242: 8239: 8238: 8236: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8217: 8215: 8209: 8199: 8198:Khasa Prakrit 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8165: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8139: 8137: 8134: 8132: 8129: 8128: 8127: 8124: 8122: 8119: 8118: 8116: 8113: 8108: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8088: 8086: 8082: 8079: 8077: 8073: 8067: 8064: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8051: 8050: 8047: 8046: 8044: 8040: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8015: 8005: 8002: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7985: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7940: 7938: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7923: 7920: 7916: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7887: 7885: 7883: 7879: 7873: 7870: 7868: 7865: 7863: 7860: 7858: 7855: 7853: 7850: 7848: 7845: 7843: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7833: 7823: 7820: 7818: 7815: 7813: 7810: 7809: 7807: 7803: 7797: 7794: 7792: 7789: 7787: 7784: 7780: 7777: 7775: 7772: 7771: 7770: 7767: 7766: 7764: 7760: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7734: 7731: 7729: 7726: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7712: 7709: 7708: 7707: 7704: 7703: 7701: 7697: 7694: 7692: 7686: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7665: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7657: 7655: 7651: 7645: 7642: 7640: 7637: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7624: 7623: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7613: 7607: 7604: 7602: 7599: 7598: 7596: 7592: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7572: 7570: 7566: 7560: 7557: 7555: 7552: 7551: 7549: 7545: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7530: 7528: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7515: 7512: 7510: 7506: 7496: 7493: 7492: 7490: 7486: 7480: 7477: 7475: 7474:Chhattisgarhi 7472: 7470: 7467: 7465: 7462: 7461: 7459: 7455: 7449: 7446: 7444: 7441: 7439: 7436: 7430: 7427: 7425: 7422: 7420: 7417: 7415: 7412: 7411: 7410: 7407: 7405: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7387: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7367: 7365: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7352: 7340: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7327: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7311: 7309: 7305: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7268:Rathwi Bareli 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7254: 7251: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7205: 7203: 7201: 7197: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7122: 7120: 7118: 7114: 7108: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7053: 7049: 7046: 7042: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6982: 6980: 6977: 6975: 6972: 6970: 6967: 6965: 6962: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6953: 6947: 6944: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6935: 6932: 6931: 6929: 6925: 6922: 6918: 6915: 6911: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6870:Mahasu Pahari 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6815: 6813: 6809: 6803: 6800: 6798: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6788: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6768: 6766: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6753: 6743: 6740: 6738: 6735: 6733: 6730: 6728: 6725: 6723: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6707: 6703: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6682: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6666: 6663: 6661: 6658: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6650: 6646: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6630: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6590: 6588: 6584: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6569: 6567: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6543: 6538: 6536: 6531: 6529: 6524: 6523: 6520: 6508: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6500: 6496: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6454: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6431: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6399: 6394: 6392: 6387: 6385: 6380: 6379: 6376: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6355: 6354: 6349: 6345: 6341: 6340: 6334: 6330: 6329: 6323: 6322: 6309: 6303: 6288: 6284: 6277: 6262: 6258: 6252: 6244: 6238: 6234: 6233: 6225: 6217: 6211: 6207: 6206: 6198: 6183: 6179: 6173: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6133: 6126: 6120: 6113: 6108: 6101: 6096: 6089: 6085: 6080: 6074:, p. 73. 6073: 6072:Masica (1991) 6068: 6062:, p. 49. 6061: 6060:Masica (1991) 6056: 6049: 6048:Masica (1991) 6044: 6038:, p. 15. 6037: 6032: 6026:, p. 71. 6025: 6024:Masica (1991) 6020: 6013: 6009: 6008:Platts (1884) 6004: 5997: 5992: 5985: 5980: 5973: 5969: 5968:Platts (1884) 5964: 5957: 5952: 5945: 5941: 5940:Platts (1884) 5936: 5929: 5924: 5917: 5913: 5912:Platts (1884) 5908: 5901: 5896: 5889: 5884: 5877: 5873: 5872:Platts (1884) 5868: 5861: 5857: 5856:Platts (1884) 5852: 5845: 5840: 5833: 5829: 5828:Platts (1884) 5824: 5817: 5813: 5812:Platts (1884) 5808: 5801: 5796: 5789: 5785: 5784:Platts (1884) 5780: 5773: 5769: 5768:Platts (1884) 5764: 5757: 5753: 5752:Platts (1884) 5748: 5741: 5737: 5736:Platts (1884) 5732: 5726:, p. 75. 5725: 5724:Masica (1991) 5720: 5718: 5710: 5706: 5705:Turner (1966) 5701: 5694: 5690: 5689:Turner (1966) 5685: 5678: 5674: 5673:Turner (1966) 5669: 5662: 5658: 5657:Turner (1966) 5653: 5646: 5642: 5641:Turner (1966) 5637: 5630: 5626: 5625:Turner (1966) 5621: 5614: 5610: 5609:Turner (1966) 5605: 5598: 5592: 5574: 5568: 5559: 5550: 5541: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5509: 5502: 5494: 5488: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5455: 5447: 5435: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5401: 5393: 5381: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5347: 5332: 5328: 5322: 5307: 5303: 5297: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5273: 5272: 5267: 5263: 5258: 5256: 5247: 5241: 5233: 5231:9788186318201 5227: 5223: 5216: 5200: 5196: 5190: 5175: 5172: 5166: 5151: 5147: 5141: 5125: 5121: 5115: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5085: 5077: 5071: 5065: 5058: 5050: 5044: 5029: 5023: 5016: 5011: 5009: 5007: 4998: 4992: 4988: 4987: 4982: 4981:Masica, Colin 4976: 4965: 4958: 4951: 4947: 4946: 4939: 4931: 4930: 4922: 4920: 4915: 4899: 4895: 4887: 4883: 4877: 4874: 4873: 4872: 4866: 4863: 4862: 4861: 4855: 4852: 4851: 4850: 4844: 4841: 4840: 4839: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4828: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4817: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4806: 4798: 4793: 4783: 4771: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4759: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4738: 4737: 4734: 4730: 4729: 4721: 4718: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4702: 4689: 4685: 4682: 4679: 4675: 4672: 4669: 4665: 4664:Gopal Parihar 4662: 4659: 4656: 4653: 4649: 4646: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4628:Lakhan Gusain 4626: 4623: 4619: 4618:Peter E. Hook 4616: 4613: 4609: 4606: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4592: 4589: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4568: 4565: 4564:John D. Smith 4562: 4559: 4555: 4554:K. C. Agrawal 4552: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4535: 4532: 4529: 4526: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4514: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4492: 4489: 4485: 4482: 4479: 4475: 4472: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4458: 4455: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4446: 4437: 4427: 4419: 4414: 4404: 4396: 4392: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4281: 4277: 4274: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4243: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4232: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4221: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4211: 4207: 4204: 4201: 4198: 4197: 4193: 4190: 4187: 4184: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4142: 4141: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4128: 4127: 4123: 4120: 4117: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4099: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4085: 4081: 4078: 4075: 4072: 4071: 4067: 4064: 4061: 4058: 4057: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4043: 4039: 4036: 4033: 4030: 4029: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4016: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4005: 4002: 4001: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3987: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3963: 3960: 3959: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3932: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3913: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3889: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3819: 3815: 3812: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3763: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3749: 3745: 3742: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3723: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3705: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3683: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3672: 3668: 3665: 3659: 3658: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3629: 3626: 3623: 3620: 3619: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3598: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3526:Perso-Arabic 3525: 3522: 3521: 3515: 3513: 3512:Sindhi script 3509: 3505: 3501: 3492: 3484: 3474: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3438: 3436: 3435: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3415: 3414: 3408: 3406: 3403:, from Hindi 3402: 3396: 3394: 3393: 3380: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3369: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3332: 3329: 3327: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3282: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3272: 3269: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3252: 3249: 3248: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3213: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3196: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3185: 3183: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3165: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3154: 3138: 3134: 3133: 3127: 3125: 3122: 3121: 3118: 3115: 3113: 3110: 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2132:khāngī kṣetra 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2119: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2107: 2105: 2104: 2100: 2099: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2051: 2047: 2043: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1977: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1884: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1806: 1802: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1738: 1734: 1731: 1726: 1722: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1681: 1677: 1673: 1672: 1666: 1650: 1645: 1638: 1631: 1624: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1604: 1597: 1589: 1586: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1563: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1534: 1528: 1520: 1517: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1504: 1501: 1495: 1490: 1484: 1481: 1475: 1472: 1466: 1463: 1457: 1454: 1448: 1445: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1433: 1430: 1423: 1416: 1409: 1403: 1400: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1355: 1352: 1347: 1341: 1338: 1334: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1315: 1311: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1292: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1233: 1230: 1228: 1225: 1223: 1222: 1219: 1214: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1198: 1196: 1192: 1191:lexical level 1188: 1184: 1180: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1106:postpositions 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1060: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1047:In 2003, the 1045: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1010: 998: 995: 993: 990: 989: 986: 982: 979: 976: 974: 972: 968: 965: 964: 960: 957: 954: 951: 949: 946: 945: 941: 938: 935: 932: 930: 927: 926: 922: 919: 916: 913: 911: 908: 907: 903: 900: 897: 894: 892: 889: 888: 884: 881: 878: 875: 873: 870: 869: 865: 862: 859: 856: 854: 851: 850: 847: 845: 840: 838: 833: 831: 826: 824: 820: 817: 814: 811: 809: 806: 805: 801: 798: 795: 792: 790: 787: 786: 782: 779: 776: 773: 771: 768: 767: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 749: 745: 742: 739: 736: 734: 731: 730: 726: 723: 720: 717: 715: 712: 711: 707: 704: 701: 698: 696: 693: 692: 688: 685: 682: 679: 677: 674: 673: 669: 666: 664: 660: 657: 654: 652: 651: 647: 646: 642: 636: 634: 631: 628: 627: 612: 609: 607: 604: 599: 596: 595: 594: 591: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 563: 560: 556: 552: 549: 545: 542: 538: 534: 530: 527: 523: 519: 515: 511: 507: 503: 502: 501: 498: 497: 495: 491: 488: 487: 485: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 462: 460: 456: 453: 451: 448: 444: 441: 439: 436: 435: 434: 431: 430: 428: 427: 425: 424: 422: 420: 416: 405: 402: 394: 384: 383:the talk page 380: 374: 372: 367:This section 365: 356: 355: 347: 345: 341: 330: 328: 324: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 300:provinces of 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 253: 251: 247: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 195: 190: 186: 182: 180: 176: 171: 166: 163: 161: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 146: 143: 142: 141: 137: 126: 123: 122: 121: 118: 117: 116: 113: 112: 111: 108: 107: 106: 105:Indo-European 103: 101: 97: 93: 87: 83: 79: 75: 72: 66: 63: 60: 56: 45: 40: 37: 33: 19: 10289: 10171: 9853:Kundal Shahi 9830:Azad Kashmir 9536: 9140:8th schedule 8475: 8434:Architecture 8405: 8292:Bombay Hindi 8234:Unclassified 8131:Ardhamagadhi 7958:Berar Deccan 7812:Chittagonian 7805:Chittagonian 7298:Vaagri Booli 7263:Pauri Bareli 7258:Palya Bareli 7223:Dhodia–Kukna 7116: 6913:Northwestern 6603:Kundal Shahi 6404: 6352: 6338: 6327: 6302: 6290:. Retrieved 6286: 6276: 6264:. Retrieved 6260: 6251: 6231: 6224: 6204: 6197: 6185:. Retrieved 6172: 6160:. Retrieved 6147: 6135:. Retrieved 6119: 6107: 6095: 6079: 6067: 6055: 6043: 6031: 6019: 6003: 5991: 5979: 5963: 5951: 5935: 5923: 5907: 5895: 5883: 5867: 5851: 5839: 5823: 5807: 5795: 5779: 5763: 5747: 5731: 5700: 5684: 5668: 5652: 5636: 5620: 5604: 5596: 5591: 5579:. Retrieved 5567: 5558: 5549: 5544:Gusain 2000b 5540: 5515: 5511: 5501: 5487: 5475:. Retrieved 5463: 5454: 5422:. Retrieved 5410: 5400: 5368:. Retrieved 5356: 5346: 5334:. Retrieved 5330: 5321: 5309:. Retrieved 5305: 5296: 5288: 5279: 5269: 5221: 5215: 5203:. Retrieved 5199:the original 5189: 5179:14 September 5177:. Retrieved 5173: 5165: 5155:29 September 5153:. Retrieved 5149: 5140: 5128:. Retrieved 5114: 5102:. Retrieved 5098:the original 5093: 5084: 5070: 5057: 5043: 5031:. Retrieved 5022: 4985: 4975: 4957: 4944: 4938: 4928: 4898: 4884: 4880: 4869: 4858: 4847: 4836: 4825: 4814: 4804: 4795: 4780: 4769: 4757: 4698: 4608:David Magier 4570:J. C. Sharma 4444: 4425: 4416: 4402: 4393: 4390: 3497: 3470: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3440: 3432: 3431: 3425: 3421: 3419: 3411: 3410: 3404: 3400: 3398: 3390: 3389: 3354: 3341: 3325: 3310: 3295: 3280: 3265: 3250: 3235: 3222: 3209: 3194: 3181: 3161: 3150: 3147: 3123: 3111: 3101: 3089: 3079: 3069: 3059: 3055: 3045: 3033: 3023: 3011: 2999: 2987: 2977: 2967: 2955: 2945: 2935: 2925: 2911: 2897: 2883: 2873: 2861: 2849: 2839: 2829: 2819: 2809: 2791: 2787: 2785: 2777: 2772:rather than 2763: 2751: 2736: 2717: 2707: 2702: 2692: 2687: 2677: 2672: 2667:place, land 2662: 2655: 2650:man, mortal 2645: 2640: 2618: 2603: 2590: 2577: 2564: 2549: 2536: 2523: 2510: 2495: 2482: 2469: 2456: 2441: 2426: 2413: 2400: 2385: 2372: 2364:compartment 2359: 2346: 2313:Central Asia 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2291:groups into 2288: 2284: 2280: 2274: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2220: 2216: 2202: 2193:Perso-Arabic 2186: 2181: 2157: 2153: 2151: 2141: 2135: 2131: 2125: 2115: 2101: 2084: 2080: 2079:pool. Also, 2076: 2072: 2070: 2065: 2061: 2053: 2041: 2039: 2032: 2024: 2017: 2009: 2002: 1994: 1987: 1979: 1950: 1949: 1933: 1928: 1918:right, sound 1913: 1908: 1894: 1889: 1875: 1870: 1855: 1850: 1835: 1830: 1827:falls, slips 1816: 1811: 1788: 1780: 1779: 1769: 1765: 1763: 1676:case marking 1664: 1204: 1195:Swadesh list 1175: 1153: 1136:followed by 1100:come before 1083: 1075: 1072: 1061: 1046: 1040:. The state 1028:, Jodhpur's 1011: 1008: 984: 843: 841: 836: 834: 829: 827: 823:Bagar region 821: 815:Devanagari, 662: 648: 512:(Northern), 412: 397: 388: 377:Please help 368: 336: 308:district of 259: 243: 202: 201: 139:Subdivisions 124: 110:Indo-Iranian 70:distribution 36: 10027:Kalasha-mun 9868:Balochistan 9118:Union-level 8280:and creoles 8262:Lahul Lohar 8141:Maharashtri 7738:Mal Paharia 7728:Kharia Thar 7370:Braj Bhasha 5562:Dixon 1994. 5553:Gusain 2003 5442:|last= 5388:|last= 5331:India Today 5104:20 December 4695:Sample text 4684:Gulab Chand 4648:Anvita Abbi 4576:, Bagri or 4456:, 1890–1920 3523:Devanagari 3176:Portuguese 2770:retroflexes 2719:Zoroastrian 2432:common cold 2324:Adjectives 2309:Afghanistan 2232:– benefit, 2056:, which is 1974:Rajasthani 1800:Rajasthani 1617:Approximant 1588:Tap or Flap 1134:verbal root 1024:, Jaipur's 996:Devanagari 977:Devanagari 936:Devanagari 879:Devanagari 860:Devanagari 796:Devanagari 777:Devanagari 740:Devanagari 721:Devanagari 702:Devanagari 683:Devanagari 553:Sondhwadi ( 546:Umathwadi ( 426:Rajasthani 62:Rajasthanis 10385:Categories 10290:Rajasthani 10172:Rajasthani 10002:Gawar-Bati 9977:Burushaski 9934:Burushaski 9734:Endangered 9537:Rajasthani 9421:unofficial 9380:Rajbangshi 9305:Kamatapuri 9210:(Manipuri) 8578:High Court 8535:Governance 8466:Government 8183:Apabhraṃśa 8169:Apabhraṃśa 8146:Shauraseni 7862:Bodo Parja 7847:Sambalpuri 7779:Goalpariya 7753:Tanchangya 7743:Noakhailla 7668:Bote-Darai 7479:Fiji Hindi 7448:Sadhukkadi 7419:Judeo-Urdu 7385:Hindustani 7175:Shekhawati 7117:Rajasthani 7102:Saurashtra 6830:Bhadarwahi 6660:Gawar-Bati 6405:Rajasthani 6292:14 January 6266:14 January 6182:Ethnologue 6157:Ethnologue 6010:, p. 5970:, p. 5942:, p. 5914:, p. 5874:, p. 5858:, p. 5830:, p. 5814:, p. 5786:, p. 5770:, p. 5754:, p. 5738:, p. 5477:15 January 5424:15 January 5370:13 January 5336:15 January 5311:23 January 5205:13 January 5094:Ethnologue 4910:References 4768:Article 1 4630:: all the 4574:Gade lohar 4558:Shekhawati 4534:W.S. Allen 4468:Shekhawati 4430:Literature 3467:stanticare 3170:Rajasthani 3144:Portuguese 2950:ice cream 2744:Anglophone 2712:policeman 2632:Indo-Aryan 2277:dictionary 2264:– to buy, 2211:, and the 2197:See also: 2170:Portuguese 2136:raṇǎkṣetra 2046:neologisms 1755:Vocabulary 1661:Morphology 1351:Consonants 1166:Causatives 1156:, marking 1110:word order 1090:Adjectives 1088:language. 958:3,000,000 939:3,000,000 929:Shekhawati 882:1,476,000 863:1,636,000 818:1,657,000 799:2,309,000 780:2,944,000 761:3,277,000 743:3,394,000 724:4,212,000 705:5,213,000 686:7,832,000 667:25,810,000 659:Devanagari 650:Rajasthani 587:Districts) 577:Chhindwara 543:districts) 531:Rajwadi ( 528:districts) 450:Shekhawati 373:to readers 306:Tharparkar 290:Bahawalpur 268:, Western 246:Rajasthani 125:Rajasthani 115:Indo-Aryan 68:Geographic 42:Rajasthani 10052:Mankiyali 9724:Classical 9542:Surjapuri 9502:Khandeshi 9472:Dhundhari 9423:languages 9395:Sikkimese 9203:Malayalam 9110:languages 9003:(capital) 8599:districts 8593:Divisions 8543:Governors 8451:Geography 8393:Rajasthan 8269:Sheikhgal 8213:languages 8178:Abahattha 8158:Paishachi 8059:Classical 8024:Maldivian 7796:Surjapuri 7762:Kamarupic 7664:Kuswaric 7526:Bhojpuric 7314:Khandeshi 6850:Chambeali 6845:Bilaspuri 6742:Mankiyali 6670:Shumashti 6665:Nangalami 6577:Kishtwari 6474:Dhundhari 5472:0971-8257 5434:cite news 5419:0971-751X 5411:The Hindu 5380:cite news 5365:0971-751X 5357:The Hindu 5240:cite book 4952:, 133 KB) 4480:, 1914–16 4464:Dhundhari 3381:"Master". 3360:Christmas 3342:aṅgrej(ī) 3316:pineapple 3200:carpenter 3186:iron(ing) 2906:hospital 2801:Loanword 2725:known as 2703:shamsheri 2287:, neuter 2228:– claim, 2178:loanwords 2054:telephone 2029:awakening 2014:developed 1706:Agreement 1678:systems: 1554:Fricative 1519:Affricate 1380:Post-alv. 1375:Retroflex 1201:Phonology 1150:auxiliary 1146:agreement 1086:branching 1032:, Kota's 991:Sahariya 872:Dhundhari 830:Rajasthan 663:Mahajani 633:ISO 639-3 629:Language 600:Nagarchol 593:Dhundhari 581:Pandhurna 504:Ujjaini ( 298:Pakistani 262:Rajasthan 244:The term 211:Rajasthan 179:Glottolog 74:Rajasthan 58:Ethnicity 53:રાજસ્થાની 49:राजस्थानी 10370:Chagatai 10253:Wadiyara 10230:Jandavra 10225:Gujarati 10160:dialects 10082:Shekhani 9992:Chilisso 9901:Khetrani 9891:Hazaragi 9848:Kashmiri 9799:national 9697:Tangkhul 9569:speakers 9492:Haryanvi 9477:Garhwali 9434:speakers 9325:Kokborok 9280:Bhojpuri 9234:Sanskrit 9198:Maithili 9188:Kashmiri 9173:Gujarati 9153:Assamese 9108:Official 8476:Language 8461:Politics 8325:See also 8307:Nefamese 8302:Nagamese 8193:Kamarupi 8153:Gāndhārī 8110:Middle ( 8049:Sanskrit 7987:Konkanic 7936:Marathic 7926:Marathi– 7918:Southern 7822:Rohingya 7791:Rangpuri 7769:Assamese 7733:Kurmukar 7711:dialects 7691:Kamarupa 7575:Maithili 7568:Maithili 7533:Bhojpuri 7438:Kannauji 7400:Hinglish 7380:Haryanvi 7145:Dhundari 7095:Wadiyara 7077:Jandavra 7065:Gujarati 7052:Gujarati 6974:Khetrani 6939:dialects 6895:Sirmauri 6875:Jaunsari 6865:Mandeali 6860:Pangwali 6840:Bhateali 6797:Garhwali 6756:Northern 6722:Chilisso 6598:Brokskat 6572:Kashmiri 6565:Kashmiri 6499:Pakistan 6350:(1966), 6187:9 August 6178:"Dhatki" 6162:9 August 6153:"Goaria" 6137:9 August 6084:Bungalow 5532:24659527 5130:17 March 5124:Archived 5120:"Angika" 4983:(1991), 4502:Sanskrit 3463:estancar 3455:tadaga-m 3392:Bungalow 3189:estirar 3112:kalekṭar 3017:banknote 3005:envelope 2946:āis krīm 2930:bicycle 2898:hôspiṭal 2878:receipt 2766:alveolar 2754:Hinglish 2723:refugees 2721:Persian 2708:aarkshak 2635:English 2266:kharǎcnũ 2262:kharīdnũ 2146:field . 2096:Tadbhav 2042:prasāraṇ 1971:English 1871:prāpnoti 1851:arpáyati 1836:khisaknũ 1785:Sanskrit 1781:tadbhava 1370:Alveolar 1183:typology 1140:marking 1138:suffixes 1126:definite 1120:and two 1092:precede 920:210,000 901:122,800 637:Scripts 555:Jhalawar 533:Mandsaur 522:Shajapur 391:May 2023 333:Speakers 185:raja1256 10355:Persian 10270:Marwari 10248:Parkari 10205:Bengali 10167:Saraiki 10155:Punjabi 10140:Marwari 10135:Kabutra 10087:Torwali 10037:Kamviri 10032:Kalkoti 9982:Badeshi 9939:Dawoodi 9911:Wanetsi 9896:Jadgali 9886:Dehwari 9876:Balochi 9805:English 9652:Ladakhi 9557:Varhadi 9522:Marwari 9512:Lambadi 9507:Kumaoni 9487:Harauti 9467:Bundeli 9457:Bajjika 9447:Bagheli 9365:Mundari 9330:Kurmali 9320:Khortha 9239:Santali 9229:Punjabi 9214:Marathi 9193:Konkani 9183:Kannada 9158:Bengali 9130:English 9032:Udaipur 9022:Jodhpur 9017:Bikaner 8553:Speaker 8471:Tourism 8456:History 8446:Economy 8439:Cuisine 8429:Culture 8424:Climate 8416:Outline 8402:Capital 8278:Pidgins 8257:Chinali 8247:Bazigar 8241:Badeshi 8136:Magadhi 8112:Prakrit 8029:Sinhala 8017:Insular 7994:Konkani 7973:Katkari 7968:Phudagi 7948:Varhadi 7943:Marathi 7928:Konkani 7900:Bhunjia 7774:Kamrupi 7748:Sylheti 7706:Bengali 7699:Bengali 7660:Kumhali 7627:Kochila 7615:Tharuic 7606:Kurmali 7594:Sadanic 7585:Bajjika 7559:Khortha 7509:Eastern 7469:Bagheli 7457:Eastern 7414:Deccani 7390:Kauravi 7375:Bundeli 7363:Western 7355:Central 7324:Dawoodi 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2018:vikǎsāt 2010:vikǎsit 1968:Tatsam 1951:tatsama 1934:sau/sāb 1890:vyāghrá 1860:to give 1840:to move 1831:khasati 1789:tadbhav 1776:Tadbhav 1766:tadbhav 1736:clause. 1436:Plosive 1395:Glottal 1385:Palatal 1232:Central 1189:. On a 1122:numbers 1118:genders 1080:Grammar 1055:of the 967:Bhoyari 948:Godwari 853:Ahirani 837:Haryana 770:Hadauti 752:Lambadi 676:Marwari 606:Harauti 597:Jaipuri 565:Bhoyari 537:Neemuch 480:Saharia 475:Ahirani 470:Lambadi 443:Godwari 433:Marwari 369:may be 340:Marwari 318:Saraiki 282:Haryana 266:Gujarat 250:Marwari 223:Gujarat 219:Haryana 155:Lambadi 150:Harauti 145:Marwari 10350:Arabic 10310:Vaghri 10300:Sindhi 10295:Rangri 10280:Mewari 10275:Memoni 10265:Loarki 10260:Kutchi 10220:Goaria 10215:Dhatki 10177:Rangri 10145:Mewari 10130:Hindko 10112:Punjab 10102:Yidgha 10092:Ushoji 10072:Pashto 10067:Palula 10062:Ormuri 10042:Khowar 10022:Kalami 10012:Hindko 9997:Dameli 9987:Bateri 9944:Khowar 9906:Pashto 9881:Brahui 9843:Gujari 9702:Thadou 9667:Mising 9627:Konyak 9622:Kolami 9617:Kodava 9612:Khotta 9597:Dimasa 9592:Badaga 9582:Angami 9532:Nimadi 9527:Mewari 9497:Kangri 9442:Awadhi 9405:Tamang 9400:Sunwar 9390:Sherpa 9370:Newari 9350:Magahi 9340:Lepcha 9335:Kurukh 9310:Kharia 9295:Gurung 9275:Angika 9254:Telugu 9244:Sindhi 9219:Nepali 9208:Meitei 9142:to the 9001:Jaipur 8993:cities 8991:Major 8583:Police 8486:Rivers 8481:People 8407:Jaipur 8211:Proto- 8167:Late ( 8076:Middle 7978:Kadodi 7905:Nahari 7882:Halbic 7857:Bhatri 7817:Chakma 7723:Hajong 7689:Gauda– 7673:Danwar 7653:Others 7644:Musasa 7580:Angika 7554:Magahi 7547:Magahi 7518:Bihari 7488:Others 7464:Awadhi 7429:Rekhta 7404:Urdish 7334:Romani 7329:Domari 7307:Others 7288:Vasavi 7273:Pardhi 7253:Magari 7248:Mawchi 7238:Bauria 7228:Dhanki 7218:Chodri 7190:Nimadi 7180:Dhatki 7170:Mewari 7165:Mewati 7140:Gujari 7135:Loarki 7130:Goaria 7107:Vaghri 7031:Sindhi 7026:Memoni 7021:Luwati 7016:Kutchi 6998:Sindhi 6964:Hindko 6956:Lahnda 6900:Sarazi 6880:Kullui 6825:Kangri 6781:Nepali 6771:Doteli 6737:Tirahi 6732:Kalami 6717:Bateri 6696:Khowar 6655:Dameli 6618:Palula 6613:Ushoji 6557:Dardic 6507:Goaria 6469:Mewari 6462:Dhatki 6447:Mewati 6442:Nimadi 6424:Gujari 6239: 6212: 6100:Coolie 5581:9 July 5530: 5470: 5417: 5363: 5228: 5033:9 July 4993: 4690:, 2018 4688:Hadoti 4680:, 2015 4678:Hadoti 4654:, 1993 4624:, 1986 4614:, 1983 4604:, 1976 4560:, 1964 4550:, 1960 4490:, 1920 4470:, 1892 4422:Pingal 4413:Dingal 4407:Dingal 3529:Latin 3471:stanch 3459:tanque 3447:tanken 3413:Coolie 3405:bangla 3364:natal 3336:padre 3331:father 3311:anānas 3301:potato 3296:baṭāko 3271:cashew 3260:couve 3230:chave 3217:sabão 3195:mistrī 3128:radio 3124:reḍīyo 3106:train 3084:hotel 3074:slate 3034:ṭyuśan 2993:wallet 2972:uncle 2926:sāykal 2892:hello 2867:doctor 2862:dôkṭar 2855:rubber 2850:rabbar 2834:table 2824:phone 2788:tatsam 2727:Parsis 2646:martya 2591:jindgī 2582:plain 2569:anger 2550:kharāb 2541:thing 2511:natījo 2461:claim 2390:fresh 2321:Nouns 2234:natījo 2221:tatsam 2182:tatsam 2166:Arabic 2154:videśī 2142:khetar 2126:kṣetra 2081:tatsam 2077:tatsam 2003:vijetā 1999:winner 1995:vijetā 1988:lakākh 1984:writer 1980:lekhak 1946:Tatsam 1856:ārpanũ 1770:tatsam 1669:Syntax 1365:Dental 1360:Labial 1218:Vowels 1142:aspect 1108:. The 1016:, and 971:Pawari 910:Dhatki 891:Gujari 844:Punjab 789:Nimadi 714:Mewari 611:Nimadi 585:Wardha 569:Pawari 559:Ujjain 541:Ratlam 526:Sehore 514:Indore 506:Ratlam 455:Mewari 438:Dhatki 344:Marwar 314:Riasti 302:Punjab 294:Multan 286:Punjab 231:Punjab 165:Nimadi 10364:Hindi 10243:Kachi 10239:Koli 10210:Bhaya 10200:Bagri 10187:Sindh 10125:Dogri 10120:Bagri 10097:Wazir 10057:Munji 10007:Gowro 9959:Wakhi 9954:Shina 9949:Purgi 9929:Balti 9838:Dogri 9682:Rabha 9672:Nishi 9662:Malto 9657:Lotha 9632:Korku 9607:Karbi 9602:Halbi 9552:Wagdi 9517:Malvi 9482:Gondi 9462:Bhili 9452:Bagri 9419:Major 9385:Sadri 9355:Magar 9345:Limbu 9315:Khasi 9249:Tamil 9178:Hindi 9168:Dogri 9125:Hindi 9012:Ajmer 9007:Alwar 8496:Films 8389:State 8312:Vedda 8084:Early 8054:Vedic 7963:Varli 7895:Kamar 7890:Halbi 7872:Kupia 7852:Desia 7639:Majhi 7632:Buksa 7622:Tharu 7601:Sadri 7495:Parya 7443:Sansi 7395:Hindi 7293:Wagdi 7283:Kalto 7278:Gamit 7233:Dubli 7208:Bhili 7155:Malvi 7125:Bagri 7085:Kachi 7081:Koli 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