1877:
205:
29:
1934:
5515:
38:
868:
1567:
1920:
1790:
1710:(23 April 1959) took out the part of the Commonwealth Bank that executed central bank functions and placed it into the Reserve Bank, while the commercial and savings bank functions stayed with the Commonwealth Bank. This finally created a separate central bank for Australia in 1959, which took effect 14 January 1960, many years after several other nations already had one and similar to the early proposal by Treasurer Theodore.
1413:
1461:, which came into effect on 22 December 1911. The new bank was a government-owned commercial bank, without any central bank functions. He stated that "Time and experience will show how its functions for usefulness may be extended ." The only function at the time that made the bank characteristic of a central one was that it was the banker to the Australian government, in addition to it being the same for the
5527:
830:
244:. The NAIRU was implemented in most western nations after 1975, and has been maintained at a target of 5–6% unemployment. The average unemployment rate in Australia between the end of the Second World War and the implementation of the NAIRU was consistently between 1 and 2%. Since the implementation of the NAIRU, the average unemployment rate in Australia has been close to 6%.
1678:, the board was replaced by a six-member council, consisting of bank and treasury officials. It additionally formalised the bank's administrative powers of monetary and banking policy and exchange control and also stated the governor was responsible for managing the bank. Highly debated legislation in 1945 caused high amounts of regulation on
1373:. In 1980 the issue of short-term government bonds—Treasury notes of 13 and 26 weeks' duration—changed from a tap system, in which the price was set, to a tender system in which the volume of stock was set and the price determined by the market. Soon afterwards the tender system was extended to the issue of longer-term government bonds.
1162:, which must be chaired by the Governor or, in his or her absence, the Deputy Chair. The Chairman meets with the Chairman of the ACCC at least once annually on issues of interest to both parties in the payments system, in addition to members of both organisations consulting over issues that are mutually important.
1403:
In May 2022, the bank increased the nation's interest rates for the first time in more than a decade. This move was designed to combat high rates of inflation. The move generated considerable discussion, as it was taken during a federal election campaign that was heavily focused on increased costs of
406:
member of the Notes Board from 1920 to 1924 and of the eight directors of the
Commonwealth Bank from 1924 to 1945. The Commonwealth Bank and Bank Acts in 1945 stated the governor's responsibilities of managing the CBA. In 1951, legislation established a 10-member board of which the CBA governor was a
1087:
The board usually forms a consensus without a need for structured voting on the issues at hand. Meetings of the board are held in the boardroom of the
Reserve Bank's Head Office in Sydney or a similar facility in one of the bank's State Offices when meetings are held interstate (a secure location is
1125:
system had been violated because payments in the system should inherently not be reversed. Some payments systems had previously agreed to pay and receive obligations to the whole system, rather than merely maintaining their own. But in the event of a bankruptcy, the bankrupt institution did not pay
1867:
released a copy of a court order prohibiting publication throughout
Australia of information that "reveals, implies, suggests or alleges" corruption involving specifically named past and present high-ranking Malaysian, Indonesian and Vietnamese officials in relation to the Note Printing Australia
1083:
The board normally meets eleven times each year, on the first
Tuesday of each month except January. Board meetings are usually held at the Reserve Bank's Head Office in Sydney. Meetings are held in two other Australian cities each year. Five members of the board must meet in order to constitute a
399:
The
Reserve Bank governor is the most senior position in the RBA. The governor is appointed for a term of up to seven years by the Treasurer and is eligible to be reappointed at the end of their term. The governor is the chairman of both the Payment Systems Board and the Reserve Bank Board and
1655:, in May 1930, by Treasurer E.G. Theodore, to transfer central banking powers from the Commonwealth Bank to a new central bank, but this failed. The Australian pound was devalued in 1931 and it ceased to be tied to the pound sterling. The Reserve Bank departed from the gold standard with the
1120:
gives the board power in areas of the law that were previously uncertain. It removed the zero-hour rule that allowed a bankruptcy to date a bankruptcy the previous midnight and the Act made it so payments the same day could not be undone. Before the removal of the zero-hour rule, the
422:. It also mandates that the RBA board inform the government of the bank's monetary and banking policy, which is often accomplished through the governor's meetings with the Treasurer. Since 1996, the governor and other senior members of the RBA have appeared twice annually before the
282:. Section 10(2), commonly referred to as the Bank's charter, states that Bank's duty is "to ensure that the monetary and banking policy of the Bank is directed to the greatest advantage of the people of Australia" to be achieved by exercising its powers "to contribute to:
1478:
The
Commonwealth Bank gradually acquired central bank functions. In response to the disruption of trade during World War I it was given responsibility to manage the Australian government debt. Nevertheless, at the end of the war, the bank's primary role was as a
332:
The
Reserve Bank gives banking and registry services to agencies of the government, to other central banks, and other official institutions. The assets of the bank include the gold and foreign exchange reserves of Australia, which is estimated to have a
1109:, admission, safety and rivalry, the RBA can additionally administer arbitration with the consent of those involved. The RBA is also permitted to gather information from a payment system or participants thereof. The bank can also regulate the
1855:
contracts. Australian press coverage, which continued into late 2011, reflects concerns with the apparent laxity and tardiness of corrective actions undertaken by relevant RBA board members and officials. The matters were not reported to the
1100:
authorises the
Payments System Board to decide the Reserve Bank's payments system policy. This is done so it can control risk, promote efficiency and to aid in competitiveness and balance in the financial system. The bank's power through the
899:, members of the board are not allowed to be a director, officer, or employee of an institution that is authorised to take in deposits. Excluding changes in the number of members, the structure of the board has remained unchanged since 1951.
4930:
1756:
which restated the roles of the
Reserve Bank and the Government of Australia. It affirmed government endorsement of the Reserve Bank's inflation objective, which was introduced in 1993. A change of government in December 2007 led to another
1643:
returned to the pre-war gold standard. The primary role of the
Commonwealth Bank continued to be a savings and trading bank, even though the government attempted to make the bank into a central bank through its actions in 1924.
1126:
what it owed back to the solvent parties, while they had to pay their dues to the failed bank. This was later changed, when cheques were deemed void if the bankrupt institution does not have the funds to back them up, after the
1630:
wanted to end the monetary contraction which particularly hurt his farming constituents, who were as a result receiving reduced export prices. The new board of directors replacing it, which was composed of various areas of the
266:. The structure of the Reserve Bank Board has remained consistent ever since 1951, with the exception of the change in the number of members of the board. The governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia is appointed by the
844:, who served nineteen years and six months combined. He is regarded by some as one of the most committed anti-inflationists in government throughout the 1950s and 1960s. The longest-serving Commonwealth Bank governor is
1705:
Legislation in 1951, substituted the council by a 10-member board which included the governor, deputy governor and the secretary to the treasury. The board took over the management of the bank from the governor. The
1158:(APRA). In addition, there are up to five other members of the board who are appointed by the Treasurer for a term of up to five years. The board meet once per quarter, usually in Sydney with five members forming a
1153:
or representatives of another organisation. The governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia is the Chairman of the Payments System Board, there is one representative of the RBA, and there is one representative of the
1850:
Since 2007, the RBA's reputation has been affected by the 'Securency' or Note Printing Australia scandal. These RBA subsidiaries were involved in bribing overseas officials so that Australia might win lucrative
1610:
The Australian Notes Board (ANB) was created in 1920, within the Department of Treasury, which issued notes until 1924, when this function was transferred to the Commonwealth Bank. The ANB was abolished by the
2259:
1088:
used in Australian cities where the bank does not have its own premises). The meetings begin at 9:00 am and continue for three-and-a-half hours, with minutes published two weeks after the meeting is held.
1138:(ACCC) is permitted to make exceptions for competitors making agreements among themselves. The ACCC and the Payments Systems Board are encouraged to work together regarding access and rivalry through the
1357:, the Australian pound became devalued, no longer worth the same as the pound sterling, and formally departed from the gold standard with the Commonwealth Bank Act of 1932. Legislation in 1945 led to
1542:
This was accomplished by refusing the exchange of notes for gold and it was hoped that this would lower domestic prices and raise the exchange rate for the Australian pound. When gold arrived from
236:
The bank's main policy role is to control inflation levels within a target range of 2–3%, by controlling the unemployment rate according to the 'non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment' (
2608:
1365:
was opposed to, and when he became governor in 1949, he gave them more overall control over their institutions. When the monetary authorities implemented the advice of Coombs to have a flexible
5490:
5495:
892:
members: the Governor of the Reserve Bank, who is Chair of the Board; the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank, who is the Deputy Chair of the Board; and the Secretary to the Treasury.
2633:
1539:, with the goal of reducing prices so that free convertibility of the Australian pound to gold could be re-established at pre-war rates, that is return to the former gold standard.
3963:
1384:
happened in 1983, around the same period of time that the financial system in Australia was deregulated. Administration of the banks was transferred in 1998 from the bank to the
1105:
allows it to regulate any payment system and can create binding rules for security and performance in the system. If members of a payment system are at odds over issues of
3056:
3049:
3042:
3035:
5574:
387:
is responsible for all other monetary and banking policies of the bank. Conflicts between the two boards do not occur often, and when they do, they are resolved by the
3296:
2252:
487:
1860:
in 2007, although they have been since, while in 2011 it was revealed that the RBA had to correct inaccurate evidence previously given to parliamentary committees.
2693:
5659:
3291:
2284:
3980:
2496:
670:
645:
1518:. The case for a central bank was increased by the need for the government to cut spending after the war to reduce its debt. Commonwealth Bank Governor
67:
5485:
2596:
1737:. Another probe was the Wallis Committee in 1996, which took effect in 1998. The effects were the transfer of overseeing the banks from the RBA to the
571:
2152:
1522:
had been arguing for the issue of Australian currency to be switched from the treasury to the bank, as it had more staff and more monetary knowledge.
5500:
5297:
2375:
1330:
was established, but did not have the authority to print notes, which function was still that of the Treasury. A movement toward re-establishing the
376:, which employs 257 other workers, and which manufactures the Australian dollar and other securities, for markets both in and outside of Australia.
5475:
4855:
2195:
1426:
Proposals for a national bank in Australia were first raised in the mid-19th century, and got a significant boost in the 1890s as a result of the
5307:
5287:
4860:
3861:
1135:
4989:
4361:
270:
and chairs both the Payment Systems and Reserve Bank Boards and when there are disagreements between both boards, the governor resolves them.
3866:
3344:
2750:
2637:
4131:
3354:
3339:
1895:
1880:
677:
548:
2349:
5104:
1492:
5292:
4865:
3387:
1952:
1905:
1811:
1738:
1385:
1229:
1155:
53:
42:
5669:
3634:
2560:
251:
and services to other central banks and official institutions. The RBA currently comprises the Payments System Board, which sets the
2232:
5480:
5465:
5460:
3311:
1525:
The Australian Notes Board (ANB) was created in 1920 and partially acceded to Miller's request, in having four directors, with the
852:, who served ten years. The shortest-serving governor by many years is James Kell, who served two years for the Commonwealth Bank.
4776:
3156:
2123:
3908:
3718:
3526:
3440:
3349:
3334:
3184:
2663:
1466:
877:
415:
1741:(APRA) and the creation of the Payments System Board (PSB), which would attempt to maintain the safety and performance of the
840:
The longest-serving governor, if his service to both the Commonwealth Bank and the Reserve Bank of Australia are included, is
5565:
5531:
3804:
3644:
3301:
895:
The board also has six external members who are appointed by the Treasurer for five years. According to section 17(1) of the
2462:
2433:
2404:
1733:
occurred in 1983. In the five years after the Campbell Committee probe, 1979–1984, the financial system in Australia became
4656:
3920:
3460:
3455:
3450:
1392:
was created, while the bank was given power within the board in the same year. The current governor of the Reserve Bank is
2066:
4693:
4307:
4251:
4146:
3652:
3486:
3400:
772:
747:
702:
423:
400:
resolves any disputes that occur between the two boards. The governor of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia was both an
5664:
5644:
5452:
5437:
5205:
4982:
4354:
4314:
3445:
3425:
3179:
2887:
2845:
5017:
3856:
3757:
3657:
3577:
3511:
3306:
2991:
2743:
2685:
1837:
1427:
1819:
5125:
3584:
3521:
3506:
2835:
2817:
1430:
during which many commercial banks and building societies collapsed, leading to a general economic depression. The
2288:
5160:
4676:
4025:
3824:
3814:
3750:
3491:
3465:
2488:
1659:, which made the notes no longer exchangeable into gold and allowed the bank not to keep any gold reserves. The
255:
policy of the bank, and the Reserve Bank Board, which sets all other monetary and banking policies of the bank.
5360:
5261:
4111:
4010:
3730:
3708:
3614:
3420:
3380:
3210:
2774:
1815:
1050:
859:
as its new Governor, taking up the role in September 2023. This made Bullock the RBA's first female Governor.
419:
5519:
5355:
5251:
5032:
5022:
4975:
4951:
4347:
4261:
4178:
4054:
3903:
3896:
3767:
3713:
3516:
3496:
3000:
2919:
2877:
2036:
5609:
5089:
4246:
4040:
3777:
3740:
3619:
3609:
3481:
3215:
3007:
2882:
2736:
2156:
60:
2371:
5649:
5604:
5396:
5365:
5340:
5155:
5079:
4941:
4875:
4870:
4822:
4015:
3973:
3968:
3915:
3662:
3629:
3557:
3281:
3149:
2867:
2806:
1623:
1416:
2199:
340:
Nearly 94% of the RBA's employees work at its headquarters and at the Business Resumption Site, both in
5442:
5411:
5391:
5345:
5220:
5175:
5150:
5140:
5094:
5074:
5037:
4956:
4546:
4081:
3985:
3839:
3794:
3698:
3021:
2872:
2861:
2854:
2830:
2825:
2811:
1749:
1450:
1122:
849:
741:
5558:
5470:
5416:
5225:
4201:
4158:
4106:
3851:
3819:
3735:
3725:
3693:
3373:
3189:
3028:
3014:
2796:
1857:
1471:
721:
664:
319:
5624:
5370:
5350:
5302:
5209:
5120:
4817:
4464:
4116:
4101:
3948:
3784:
3745:
3572:
2971:
2801:
2790:
2783:
1800:
1690:
in 1947. When he became governor in 1949, he allowed private banks to have more control over their
1434:, formed during this period, proposed a bank which would be a protected and cheap way of providing
1110:
696:
1438:. The party's platform for the 1908 election was for a "Commonwealth Bank", which would have both
5619:
5614:
5375:
5200:
4698:
4435:
4403:
4266:
4141:
4121:
4096:
4076:
3829:
3799:
3624:
3501:
3430:
3112:
2978:
2950:
2943:
1972:
1957:
1804:
1770:
1648:
836:
is the only governor to have headed both the Commonwealth Bank and the Reserve Bank of Australia.
373:
248:
1084:
quorum, and the meeting must be chaired by the governor, or the deputy governor in his absence.
5654:
5599:
5230:
5170:
5135:
5042:
4539:
4173:
4151:
4126:
4091:
4071:
4035:
3873:
3844:
3834:
3809:
3772:
3703:
3540:
3435:
3142:
2926:
2345:
1718:
1619:
1431:
1389:
1370:
1343:
380:
323:
267:
262:, other Australian government agencies, and leaders of other institutions that are part of the
848:, who served eleven years and four months, while the longest-serving Reserve Bank governor is
314:
aimed at maintaining the annual inflation rate at between "2–3 per cent, on average, over the
5594:
5192:
5084:
4906:
4596:
4236:
4168:
4066:
4020:
3883:
3789:
3676:
3562:
3329:
3261:
3256:
3095:
2964:
2957:
1987:
1982:
1555:
1484:
1091:
303:
122:
1475:. The bank was also the first bank in Australia to receive a federal government guarantee.
5589:
5551:
5406:
5335:
5312:
5246:
5165:
5130:
4998:
4946:
4703:
4606:
4551:
4370:
4300:
4271:
4193:
4030:
4000:
3936:
3891:
3604:
3599:
3567:
3552:
3408:
3271:
1962:
1713:
In the mid-1960s, monetary authorities accepted Coombs' conclusions and allowed a flexible
1632:
263:
259:
2567:
8:
5421:
5401:
5327:
5145:
5099:
5027:
4880:
4771:
4621:
4563:
4221:
4163:
3995:
3958:
3688:
3205:
2229:
1535:
member. The ANB began to follow a policy of board member John Garvan, in contracting the
1462:
311:
1635:, soon appointed Garvan chairman, and thus he continued his policies. In 1925, both the
1422:'s government created a commercial bank owned by the government, but not a central bank.
204:
5256:
4827:
4529:
4452:
4323:
4281:
4256:
4241:
4231:
4226:
4216:
4183:
4086:
3990:
3594:
3589:
2910:
1977:
1886:
A number of buildings associated with the Reserve Bank are heritage-listed, including:
1876:
1551:
1435:
1322:
From the middle of the 19th century into the 1890s, the prospects for the forming of a
1270:
241:
5058:
4666:
4423:
4211:
3953:
2765:
2600:
2119:
1947:
1730:
1726:
1483:
and trading bank. In the war, to fund the great increase in government spending, the
1454:
1381:
1377:
1327:
1020:
230:
225:
and banknote issuing authority. It has had this role since 14 January 1960, when the
152:
2659:
5012:
4576:
4328:
3762:
3286:
2901:
1925:
1852:
1745:. The bank was given powers within the PSB through additional legislation in 1998.
1722:
1652:
1640:
1503:
1354:
1347:
5182:
4847:
4832:
4611:
4524:
3241:
3236:
2456:
2427:
2398:
2236:
1769:. This amends previous statements by giving the bank independence and encourages
1742:
1687:
1660:
1547:
1439:
1393:
1254:
1197:
934:
856:
811:
307:
291:
132:
118:
28:
5270:
5265:
5215:
4801:
4761:
4581:
4486:
4474:
4206:
3251:
3117:
3083:
2058:
1891:
1695:
1636:
1519:
1507:
1496:
1362:
1066:
1004:
961:
619:
590:
481:
326:
315:
252:
5638:
4911:
4781:
4756:
4671:
4631:
3246:
3220:
2604:
1766:
1714:
1679:
1664:
1543:
1515:
1488:
1419:
1366:
1331:
1134:
generally does not allow competitors to make cooperative agreements, but the
845:
766:
524:
369:
82:
69:
5543:
4571:
1342:
on the route to doing so, and the gold standard was instituted for both the
4837:
4766:
4626:
4509:
4416:
4378:
3165:
1967:
1939:
1901:
1734:
1558:
in the history of Australia and thus the first attempt of central banking.
1536:
1480:
1443:
1339:
1323:
833:
222:
2686:"Australian court imposes generalized news blackout on bribery case | RSF"
1663:
of the bank from 1931 until the early 1970s had been to maintain a stable
1092:
Payments System Board and Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
4683:
4661:
4601:
4504:
4276:
4136:
3077:
2597:"Michele Bullock appointed first woman to head Reserve Bank of Australia"
1699:
1683:
1397:
1335:
1106:
841:
791:
639:
1514:
in Australia thus increased, less than in Britain, but more than in the
383:
fills the role of deciding on the bank's payments system policy and the
4967:
4713:
4688:
4586:
4411:
4339:
3089:
2561:"History and the Development of Central Banking in Australia 1920–1970"
2517:'Bank Knight and Wife Found Dead', The Daily Telegraph, 9 October 1986.
1762:
1627:
1531:
1358:
1338:(1914–1918) with John Garvan leading various boards in contracting the
1145:
Members of the Payments System Board are defined by Section 25A of the
988:
888:
402:
318:". This target was first set in 1993 by the then Reserve Bank Governor
2728:
867:
4751:
4721:
4636:
4519:
4499:
4494:
3396:
3365:
1864:
1691:
1511:
357:
334:
142:
1789:
4791:
4746:
4646:
4428:
1566:
353:
349:
345:
157:
2660:"Australia election: Interest rates rise for first time in decade"
2025:
4796:
4651:
4641:
4616:
4591:
4534:
4459:
886:
The Reserve Bank Board consists of nine members, including three
3134:
1412:
297:
the economic prosperity and welfare of the people of Australia".
4901:
4469:
4445:
2723:
1159:
829:
407:
member. The CBA has maintained a similar structure since 1951.
365:
341:
37:
4786:
4726:
4440:
418:
on matters concerning both the Treasury and Reserve Bank and
361:
237:
4916:
4896:
3297:
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
193:
2718:
424:
House of Representatives Standing Committee on Economics
429:
4514:
1698:
monetary policy. He also warned of the possibility of
1469:
maintained the role of issuing bank notes through the
1165:
The current members of the Payments System Board are:
875:
member of the board is the Secretary to the Treasury (
3292:
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
2636:. Museum of Australian Currency Notes. Archived from
2006:
Members are eligible to be appointed to another term.
1915:
1218:Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank (deputy chair)
953:Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank (deputy chair)
855:In July 2023, the RBA announced the appointment of
1686:was opposed to, along with his opposition to bank
344:. The remainder of the total of 926 staff work in
329:and incoming Reserve Bank Governor Ian Mcfarlane.
2628:
2626:
2247:
2245:
2026:"The Organisation and Structure of Central Banks"
302:In practice the Reserve Bank concentrates on the
5636:
4861:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
4856:Australian Securities and Investments Commission
2566:. Australian National University. Archived from
1136:Australian Competition & Consumer Commission
258:Both boards consist of members of the bank, the
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
471:Governors of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia
229:removed the central banking functions from the
2623:
2482:
2480:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2242:
1526:
388:
278:The Reserve Bank is currently governed by the
5660:Commonwealth Government agencies of Australia
5573:
5559:
4983:
4355:
3381:
3345:Central banks and currencies of the Caribbean
3150:
2744:
2372:"MILLER, SIR DENISON SAMUEL KING (1860-1923)"
1748:In August 1996, then bank Governor-designate
273:
3355:Central banks and currencies of the Americas
3340:Central banks and currencies of Asia-Pacific
1896:Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Canberra
1881:Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Canberra
1761:, which was issued by both former Treasurer
1220:
394:
322:and was then formalised in 1996 by the then
2555:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2477:
2303:
2287:. Reserve Bank of Australia. Archived from
2198:. Reserve Bank of Australia. Archived from
2155:. Reserve Bank of Australia. Archived from
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
1818:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1754:Statement on the Conduct of Monetary Policy
1717:, making it easier for the bank to rely on
372:. A wholly owned subsidiary of the bank is
287:the stability of the currency of Australia;
5566:
5552:
4990:
4976:
4866:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
4362:
4348:
3388:
3374:
3157:
3143:
2751:
2737:
2541:
2539:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2523:
2285:"Governance and Accountability of the RBA"
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
1953:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
1906:Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Sydney
1739:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
1386:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
1156:Australian Prudential Regulation Authority
609:Governors of the Reserve Bank of Australia
203:
54:Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Sydney
43:Reserve Bank of Australia Building, Sydney
36:
27:
2277:
2258:. Reserve Bank of Australia. p. 20.
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
1838:Learn how and when to remove this message
4997:
4369:
3312:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
2486:
2448:
2138:
2033:Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek
1875:
1565:
1411:
1407:
866:
828:
4777:Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
2758:
2520:
2419:
2023:
384:
310:. The current objective is a policy of
306:, that is to control inflation through
5637:
3395:
3350:Central banks and currencies of Europe
3335:Central banks and currencies of Africa
3185:Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
2595:Sydney, Bernard Lagan (13 July 2023).
2594:
2390:
2374:. Dictionary of Australian Biography.
2364:
2171:
2153:"Overview of Functions and Operations"
2081:
2017:
1369:, it allowed the bank to rely more on
902:The current members of the board are:
247:The RBA also provides services to the
5547:
4971:
4343:
3369:
3302:International Development Association
3138:
2732:
2590:
2588:
2461:. Australia Dictionary of Biography.
2432:. Australia Dictionary of Biography.
2403:. Australia Dictionary of Biography.
2400:Riddle, Sir Ernest Cooper (1873–1939)
2352:from the original on 17 February 2011
2265:from the original on 25 February 2012
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2126:from the original on 17 February 2011
1202:Governor of the Reserve Bank (chair)
1140:Payment Systems (Regulation) Act 1998
939:Governor of the Reserve Bank (chair)
862:
426:to explain the conduct of the bank.
5526:
2487:Milliken, Robert (1 November 1997).
2396:
2378:from the original on 26 January 2018
1871:
1816:adding citations to reliable sources
1783:
1776:
1118:Payment Systems and Netting Act 1998
430:List of Governors of the CBA and RBA
410:The RBA governor is required by the
2724:Museum of Australian Currency Notes
2429:Sheehan, Sir Henry John (1883–1941)
2425:
13:
3180:Bank for International Settlements
2585:
2465:from the original on 13 April 2011
2436:from the original on 12 April 2011
2407:from the original on 13 April 2011
2214:
1647:Legislation was introduced to the
1400:as governor on 18 September 2023.
1149:, with three of the members being
14:
5681:
3307:International Finance Corporation
3164:
2712:
2696:from the original on 18 June 2024
2611:from the original on 14 July 2023
2499:from the original on 3 March 2016
2458:Armitage, Hugh Traill (1881–1963)
1999:
1428:Australian banking crisis of 1893
5670:1960 establishments in Australia
5525:
5514:
5513:
2454:
2069:from the original on 9 June 2020
2039:from the original on 28 May 2020
1932:
1918:
1788:
1554:, therefore executing the first
1212:
2678:
2666:from the original on 3 May 2022
2652:
2511:
1561:
5262:Australian Securities Exchange
3211:Contractionary monetary policy
2051:
880:building seen here in Canberra
1:
4952:Financial system in Australia
2634:"Currency Notes of the 1930s"
2348:. Reserve Bank of Australia.
2122:. Reserve Bank of Australia.
2010:
2001:
5501:Australia–United Kingdom FTA
5105:Australian Capital Territory
4890:Other Financial Institutions
3216:Expansionary monetary policy
2346:"Past and Present Governors"
414:to keep in contact with the
7:
5476:Australia–United States FTA
5366:National Electricity Market
4942:Category:Banks of Australia
4876:Australian Payments Network
4871:Australian Payments Council
4547:Bendigo & Adelaide Bank
3282:International Monetary Fund
1911:
1752:and the Treasurer issued a
1694:and attempted to introduce
1111:competition of transactions
10:
5686:
5221:Minerals Resource Rent Tax
4957:List of banks in Australia
4931:Royal Commission 2017–2019
1765:and Reserve Bank Governor
1657:Commonwealth Bank Act 1932
1613:Commonwealth Bank Act 1924
1550:to diminish the effect of
1459:Commonwealth Bank Act 1911
1317:
1244:
1184:
1123:real-time gross settlement
978:
966:Secretary to the Treasury
921:
606:
468:
274:Roles and responsibilities
5665:Reserve Bank of Australia
5645:Banks established in 1960
5581:
5575:Reserve Bank of the World
5509:
5491:Trans-Pacific Partnership
5471:Australia–New Zealand FTA
5451:
5430:
5417:Social class in Australia
5384:
5326:
5280:
5239:
5226:Passenger Movement Charge
5191:
5113:
5067:
5051:
5005:
4937:
4925:
4889:
4846:
4810:
4739:
4712:
4562:
4485:
4402:
4395:
4387:Reserve Bank of Australia
4377:
4294:
4192:
4062:
4053:
3944:
3935:
3882:
3758:Intelligence and security
3684:
3675:
3643:
3548:
3539:
3474:
3416:
3407:
3322:
3270:
3229:
3198:
3190:Financial Stability Board
3172:
3124:Reserve Bank of Australia
3105:
3070:
2990:
2909:
2900:
2844:
2773:
2764:
2719:Reserve Bank of Australia
2239:Reserve Bank of Australia
2063:Reserve Bank of Australia
1667:with the pound sterling.
1472:Australian Notes Act 1910
1258:
1190:or representative members
1130:was amended in 1998. The
395:Governors and their roles
215:Reserve Bank of Australia
188:
180:
172:
164:
148:
139:Central bank of
138:
128:
113:
102:14 January 1960
98:
59:
49:
35:
26:
22:Reserve Bank of Australia
16:Central bank of Australia
5351:Energy efficiency rating
5206:Goods & Services Tax
4572:Australian Military Bank
2662:. BBC News. 3 May 2022.
2489:"Obituary: H. C. Coombs"
1993:
1725:was abolished after the
1132:Trade Practices Act 1974
1103:Payment Systems Act 1998
5496:Indonesia–Australia FTA
4699:Regional Australia Bank
4436:National Australia Bank
3113:Note Printing Australia
2253:"Reserve Bank Act 1959"
2196:"Payments System Board"
1973:Note Printing Australia
1958:Bank Notes Tax Act 1910
1682:, which later-Governor
1495:and other parts of the
1361:of private banks which
1174:Office (if applicable)
911:Office (if applicable)
374:Note Printing Australia
249:Government of Australia
5043:Snowy Mountains Scheme
5018:Banking crisis of 1893
4642:Illawarra Credit Union
4152:Indigenous Australians
3653:States and territories
1883:
1719:open market operations
1607:
1556:open market operations
1491:, as did those of the
1432:Australian Labor Party
1423:
1371:open market operations
1344:British pound sterling
883:
837:
168:$ 80,837 million (AUD)
4907:New Payments Platform
4597:Beyond Bank Australia
3446:Territorial evolution
3330:List of central banks
3262:Sovereign wealth fund
3257:Open market operation
3096:Royal Australian Mint
2024:Weidner, Jan (2017).
1988:List of central banks
1983:Royal Australian Mint
1879:
1868:bribery allegations.
1853:polymer note-printing
1708:Reserve Bank Act 1959
1672:Commonwealth Bank Act
1651:at the height of the
1569:
1529:of the bank being an
1506:remained tied to the
1485:currency of Australia
1467:Treasury of Australia
1449:Regardless, Fisher's
1415:
1408:Mid-19th century–1924
1390:Payments System Board
1147:Reserve Bank Act 1959
1098:Reserve Bank Act 1959
870:
832:
412:Reserve Bank Act 1959
381:Payments System Board
280:Reserve Bank Act 1959
240:) by controlling the
227:Reserve Bank Act 1959
123:Australian Government
5407:Poverty in Australia
4999:Economy of Australia
4947:Economy of Australia
4704:Teachers Mutual Bank
4607:Community First Bank
4371:Banking in Australia
3892:Cabinet of Australia
3867:Government ministers
3635:World Heritage Sites
3441:European exploration
2291:on 13 September 2009
2235:16 June 2020 at the
2120:"History of the RBA"
1963:Banking in Australia
1812:improve this section
1546:the government sold
181:Interest rate target
173:Reserve requirements
83:33.8681°S 151.2117°E
5486:Japan–Australia FTA
5481:China–Australia FTA
5466:Australia–Korea FTA
5461:Australia–Chile FTA
5422:Wealth in Australia
5402:Income in Australia
5385:Economic conditions
5281:Regulatory agencies
5240:Banking and Finance
5028:Four pillars policy
4881:Four pillars policy
4657:Newcastle Permanent
4622:Great Southern Bank
3964:Gross state product
3206:Capital requirement
2759:Australian currency
1773:and communication.
1465:. At the time, the
1326:grew. In 1911, the
1113:since August 2001.
878:Treasury Department
337:of A$ 101 billion.
312:inflation targeting
290:the maintenance of
79: /
23:
5650:Banks of Australia
5308:Corporations power
5257:Official cash rate
5161:Telecommunications
4828:La Trobe Financial
4530:Bank of Queensland
4453:Citibank Australia
4282:Australian studies
4217:Australian English
4026:Telecommunications
3862:Government leaders
3805:Political ideology
2766:Decimal ($ 1=100c)
2230:Reserve Bank Board
2202:on 17 January 2010
1978:Official cash rate
1884:
1608:
1552:monetary expansion
1436:financial services
1424:
1271:Gina Cass-Gottlieb
1208:17 September 2023
1205:18 September 2016
945:17 September 2030
942:18 September 2023
884:
863:Reserve Bank Board
838:
818:18 September 2023
801:17 September 2023
798:18 September 2016
781:17 September 2016
778:18 September 2006
544:Sir Henry Sheehan
482:Sir Denison Miller
416:Treasury Secretary
385:Reserve Bank Board
264:Australian economy
242:official cash rate
88:-33.8681; 151.2117
21:
5632:
5631:
5541:
5540:
5361:Green electricity
5090:Western Australia
5059:Australian dollar
4965:
4964:
4735:
4734:
4667:People First Bank
4465:Bank of Melbourne
4424:Commonwealth Bank
4404:Majors (Big Four)
4337:
4336:
4290:
4289:
4112:Human trafficking
4049:
4048:
3931:
3930:
3731:Foreign relations
3671:
3670:
3535:
3534:
3482:Asian Australians
3363:
3362:
3132:
3131:
3066:
3065:
2902:Pre-decimal (₤sd)
2896:
2895:
2426:Cornish, Selwyn.
1948:Australian dollar
1872:Heritage listings
1848:
1847:
1840:
1731:Australian dollar
1455:Commonwealth Bank
1382:Australian dollar
1328:Commonwealth Bank
1315:
1314:
1311:14 December 2026
1308:15 December 2016
1081:
1080:
1077:16 December 2025
1074:17 December 2020
1061:13 February 2027
1058:14 February 2017
969:2 September 2019
956:12 February 2024
846:Sir Ernest Riddle
827:
826:
665:Sir Harold Knight
640:Sir John Phillips
525:Sir Ernest Riddle
444:
443:
294:in Australia, and
231:Commonwealth Bank
221:) is Australia's
211:
210:
153:Australian dollar
5677:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5545:
5544:
5529:
5528:
5517:
5516:
5453:Trade agreements
5356:Geothermal power
5252:Financial system
5033:Great Depression
5023:Economic history
5013:Australian pound
4992:
4985:
4978:
4969:
4968:
4811:Non-bank lenders
4577:Australian Unity
4400:
4399:
4396:Australian banks
4364:
4357:
4350:
4341:
4340:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4179:Waste management
4060:
4059:
3981:Household income
3942:
3941:
3904:Governor-General
3714:Electoral system
3682:
3681:
3546:
3545:
3414:
3413:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3287:World Bank Group
3159:
3152:
3145:
3136:
3135:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2907:
2906:
2771:
2770:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2730:
2729:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2692:. 30 July 2014.
2682:
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2673:
2671:
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2504:
2484:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2397:Kirkwood, J. A.
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2342:
2301:
2300:
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2240:
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2149:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2116:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2055:
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2048:
2046:
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2030:
2021:
2005:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1928:
1926:Australia portal
1923:
1922:
1921:
1843:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1792:
1784:
1723:Exchange Control
1676:Banking Act 1945
1670:Through the new
1653:Great Depression
1641:Australian pound
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1570:Australia bonds
1504:Australian pound
1453:established the
1451:Labor government
1396:, who succeeded
1355:Great Depression
1348:Australian pound
1305:Deborah Ralston
1283:Michelle Deaker
1248:
1247:External members
1235:1 November 2022
1191:
1168:
1167:
1128:Cheques Act 1986
982:
981:External members
928:
905:
904:
897:Reserve Bank Act
775:
750:
705:
680:
675:
648:
610:
574:
551:
490:
472:
446:
445:
434:
433:
207:
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40:
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20:
5685:
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5679:
5678:
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5675:
5674:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5577:
5572:
5542:
5537:
5505:
5447:
5443:Labour movement
5426:
5412:Property bubble
5392:Government debt
5380:
5322:
5276:
5266:S&P/ASX 200
5235:
5187:
5109:
5095:South Australia
5075:New South Wales
5068:State economies
5063:
5047:
5001:
4996:
4966:
4961:
4933:
4921:
4885:
4842:
4833:Mortgage Choice
4806:
4731:
4708:
4677:People's Choice
4612:Credit Union SA
4558:
4481:
4391:
4373:
4368:
4338:
4333:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4286:
4247:Public holidays
4188:
4132:Life expectancy
4045:
3927:
3878:
3667:
3639:
3625:Protected areas
3531:
3470:
3403:
3394:
3364:
3359:
3318:
3273:
3266:
3237:Capital control
3225:
3194:
3168:
3163:
3133:
3128:
3101:
3062:
2986:
2951:threepence (3d)
2933:
2929:
2928:
2892:
2840:
2760:
2757:
2715:
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2709:
2699:
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2684:
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2653:
2643:
2641:
2632:
2631:
2624:
2614:
2612:
2593:
2586:
2576:
2574:
2573:on 20 July 2008
2570:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2521:
2516:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2493:The Independent
2485:
2478:
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2255:
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2237:Wayback Machine
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2203:
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2013:
1996:
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1933:
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1917:
1914:
1874:
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1833:
1827:
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1809:
1793:
1782:
1743:payments system
1688:nationalisation
1661:monetary policy
1606:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1564:
1410:
1394:Michele Bullock
1334:occurred after
1320:
1255:Ross P. Buckley
1246:
1232:representative
1198:Michele Bullock
1186:
1094:
1045:30 August 2028
1042:31 August 2023
980:
935:Michele Bullock
923:
865:
857:Michele Bullock
812:Michele Bullock
771:
756:September 2006
753:September 1996
746:
731:September 1996
728:September 1989
701:
673:
669:
644:
608:
570:
547:
486:
470:
440:Died in office
432:
397:
308:monetary policy
304:first objective
300:
292:full employment
276:
192:
155:
133:Michele Bullock
119:state ownership
105:
103:
87:
85:
81:
78:
73:
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68:
66:
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45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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5428:
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5409:
5404:
5399:
5397:Home ownership
5394:
5388:
5386:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5341:Carbon pricing
5338:
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5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5274:
5271:All Ordinaries
5268:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5216:Luxury Car Tax
5213:
5203:
5197:
5195:
5189:
5188:
5186:
5185:
5180:
5179:
5178:
5168:
5163:
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5156:Superannuation
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4887:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4852:
4850:
4844:
4843:
4841:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4802:Wise (company)
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4772:HSBC Australia
4769:
4764:
4762:Bank of Beirut
4759:
4754:
4749:
4743:
4741:
4737:
4736:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4718:
4716:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4582:Bank Australia
4579:
4574:
4568:
4566:
4560:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4527:
4525:Macquarie Bank
4522:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4502:
4497:
4491:
4489:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4475:St George Bank
4472:
4467:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4449:
4448:
4433:
4432:
4431:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4408:
4406:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4383:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4367:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4344:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4319:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4155:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4063:
4057:
4051:
4050:
4047:
4046:
4044:
4043:
4041:Welfare system
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4016:Superannuation
4013:
4011:Stock exchange
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3974:Public housing
3969:Home ownership
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3945:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3924:
3923:
3916:Prime Minister
3913:
3912:
3911:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3888:
3886:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3874:Shadow Cabinet
3871:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3854:
3852:Public Service
3849:
3848:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3733:
3728:
3726:Federal budget
3723:
3722:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3679:
3673:
3672:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3580:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3558:Climate change
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3487:Constitutional
3484:
3478:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3417:
3411:
3405:
3404:
3393:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3370:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3252:Money creation
3249:
3247:Interest rates
3244:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3230:Implementation
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3202:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3169:
3162:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3139:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3118:Pound sterling
3115:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3102:
3100:
3099:
3098:(1965–present)
3093:
3092:(1899–present)
3087:
3084:Melbourne Mint
3081:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2996:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2965:shilling (1/-)
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2915:
2913:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2858:
2850:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2787:
2779:
2777:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2733:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2714:
2713:External links
2711:
2708:
2707:
2677:
2651:
2640:on 22 May 2009
2622:
2584:
2519:
2510:
2476:
2447:
2418:
2389:
2363:
2302:
2276:
2241:
2213:
2170:
2159:on 14 May 2009
2137:
2080:
2050:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1944:
1943:
1929:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1898:
1892:London Circuit
1873:
1870:
1863:In July 2014,
1858:Federal Police
1846:
1845:
1796:
1794:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1750:Ian Macfarlane
1637:pound sterling
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1563:
1560:
1520:Denison Miller
1508:pound sterling
1497:British Empire
1493:United Kingdom
1417:Prime Minister
1409:
1406:
1363:Herbert Coombs
1319:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1301:
1300:22 March 2027
1298:
1297:23 March 2022
1295:
1294:Scott Farrell
1291:
1290:
1287:
1286:1 August 2023
1284:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1262:1 August 2023
1260:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1233:
1227:
1226:John Lonsdale
1223:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1093:
1090:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1067:Alison Watkins
1063:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1051:Carol Schwartz
1047:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1015:29 March 2026
1013:
1012:30 March 2021
1010:
1007:
1005:Carolyn Hewson
1001:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
985:
984:
976:
975:
970:
967:
964:
962:Steven Kennedy
958:
957:
954:
951:
950:Andrew Hauser
947:
946:
943:
940:
937:
931:
930:
919:
918:
915:
912:
909:
864:
861:
850:Ian Macfarlane
825:
824:
822:
819:
816:
814:
809:
805:
804:
802:
799:
796:
794:
789:
785:
784:
782:
779:
776:
769:
764:
760:
759:
757:
754:
751:
744:
742:Ian Macfarlane
739:
735:
734:
732:
729:
726:
724:
719:
715:
714:
712:
709:
706:
699:
694:
690:
689:
687:
684:
681:
667:
662:
658:
657:
655:
652:
649:
642:
637:
633:
632:
630:
627:
624:
622:
620:Herbert Coombs
617:
613:
612:
604:
603:
601:
598:
595:
593:
591:Herbert Coombs
588:
584:
583:
581:
580:December 1948
578:
575:
568:
567:Hugh Armitage
565:
561:
560:
558:
555:
554:February 1938
552:
545:
542:
538:
537:
535:
534:February 1938
532:
529:
527:
522:
518:
517:
515:
512:
509:
507:
504:
500:
499:
497:
494:
491:
484:
479:
475:
474:
466:
465:
462:
459:
456:
455:Post-nominals
453:
450:
442:
441:
438:
431:
428:
396:
393:
327:Peter Costello
299:
298:
295:
288:
284:
275:
272:
253:payment system
209:
208:
190:
186:
185:
182:
178:
177:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
150:
146:
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140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
115:
111:
110:
100:
96:
95:
63:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5682:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5655:Central banks
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5642:
5640:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5591:
5588:
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5569:
5564:
5562:
5557:
5555:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5534:
5533:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5512:
5511:
5508:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5450:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5435:
5433:
5429:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5387:
5383:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5346:Energy policy
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5325:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5303:Corporate law
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5141:Manufacturing
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5118:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5066:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5050:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5038:Privatisation
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4993:
4988:
4986:
4981:
4979:
4974:
4973:
4970:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4924:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4912:Tyro Payments
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4757:Bank of China
4755:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4740:Foreign banks
4738:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4719:
4717:
4715:
4711:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4672:Heritage Bank
4670:
4669:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4632:Heritage Bank
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4567:
4565:
4561:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4451:
4447:
4444:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4430:
4427:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4413:
4410:
4409:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4394:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4365:
4360:
4358:
4353:
4351:
4346:
4345:
4342:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4298:
4297:
4293:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4147:Ethnic groups
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4052:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3986:Manufacturing
3984:
3982:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3922:
3919:
3918:
3917:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3902:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3875:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3840:Republicanism
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3795:National debt
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3732:
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3338:
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3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
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3321:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
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3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3272:Bretton Woods
3269:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Discount rate
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3221:Basel Accords
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
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3201:
3197:
3191:
3188:
3186:
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3175:
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3166:Central banks
3160:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3114:
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2989:
2981:
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2976:
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2973:
2969:
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2962:
2960:
2959:
2958:sixpence (6d)
2955:
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2864:
2863:
2859:
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2852:
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2847:
2843:
2837:
2836:Commemorative
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
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2800:
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2788:
2786:
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2781:
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2778:
2776:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2763:
2754:
2749:
2747:
2742:
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2735:
2734:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2681:
2665:
2661:
2655:
2639:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2591:
2589:
2569:
2562:
2556:
2554:
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2550:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2514:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2483:
2481:
2464:
2460:
2459:
2451:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2422:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2290:
2286:
2280:
2261:
2254:
2248:
2246:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2054:
2038:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2016:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1930:
1927:
1916:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1878:
1869:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1854:
1842:
1839:
1831:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1802:
1797:This section
1795:
1791:
1786:
1785:
1779:
1774:
1772:
1768:
1767:Glenn Stevens
1764:
1760:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1715:interest rate
1711:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1680:private banks
1677:
1673:
1668:
1666:
1665:exchange rate
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1624:Country Party
1621:
1616:
1614:
1587: 10-year
1581: 20-year
1575: 30-year
1568:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1516:United States
1513:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1489:gold standard
1487:went off the
1486:
1482:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1421:
1420:Andrew Fisher
1418:
1414:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1367:interest rate
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1332:gold standard
1329:
1325:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1289:31 July 2028
1288:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1278:31 July 2028
1277:
1275:15 July 2013
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:31 July 2028
1264:
1261:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1243:
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1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1099:
1089:
1085:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
999:30 July 2026
998:
996:31 July 2016
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
983:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
955:
952:
949:
948:
944:
941:
938:
936:
933:
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929:
926:
920:
916:
913:
910:
907:
906:
903:
900:
898:
893:
891:
890:
881:
879:
874:
869:
860:
858:
853:
851:
847:
843:
835:
831:
823:
820:
817:
815:
813:
810:
807:
806:
803:
800:
797:
795:
793:
790:
787:
786:
783:
780:
777:
774:
770:
768:
767:Glenn Stevens
765:
762:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
745:
743:
740:
737:
736:
733:
730:
727:
725:
723:
722:Bernie Fraser
720:
717:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
700:
698:
695:
692:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
672:
668:
666:
663:
660:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
643:
641:
638:
635:
634:
631:
628:
626:January 1960
625:
623:
621:
618:
615:
614:
611:
605:
602:
600:January 1960
599:
597:January 1949
596:
594:
592:
589:
586:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
569:
566:
563:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
546:
543:
540:
539:
536:
533:
531:October 1926
530:
528:
526:
523:
520:
519:
516:
514:October 1926
513:
511:October 1924
510:
508:
505:
502:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
485:
483:
480:
477:
476:
473:
467:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
448:
447:
439:
436:
435:
427:
425:
421:
417:
413:
408:
405:
404:
392:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
370:New York City
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
330:
328:
325:
321:
320:Bernie Fraser
317:
313:
309:
305:
296:
293:
289:
286:
285:
283:
281:
271:
269:
265:
261:
256:
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216:
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112:
101:
97:
92:
64:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
39:
34:
30:
25:
19:
5610:South Africa
5584:
5530:
5518:
5318:Reserve Bank
5317:
4838:Pepper Money
4767:CurrencyFair
4662:P&N Bank
4627:Greater Bank
4617:Defence Bank
4564:Member-owned
4540:Virgin Money
4510:Auswide Bank
4417:Suncorp Bank
4386:
4379:Central bank
4315:Bibliography
4202:Architecture
4159:Prostitution
4142:Demographics
4107:Homelessness
4006:Reserve Bank
4005:
3820:Conservatism
3768:Constitution
3736:Human rights
3694:Constitution
3645:Subdivisions
3426:Bibliography
3123:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2977:
2972:florin (2/-)
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2925:
2918:
2860:
2853:
2816:
2789:
2782:
2698:. Retrieved
2689:
2680:
2668:. Retrieved
2654:
2642:. Retrieved
2638:the original
2613:. Retrieved
2575:. Retrieved
2568:the original
2513:
2501:. Retrieved
2492:
2467:. Retrieved
2457:
2450:
2438:. Retrieved
2428:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2399:
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2293:. Retrieved
2289:the original
2279:
2267:. Retrieved
2204:. Retrieved
2200:the original
2161:. Retrieved
2157:the original
2128:. Retrieved
2071:. Retrieved
2062:
2053:
2041:. Retrieved
2032:
2019:
2000:
1968:Central bank
1940:Banks portal
1902:Martin Place
1894:, Canberra:
1885:
1862:
1849:
1834:
1825:
1810:Please help
1798:
1777:
1771:transparency
1758:
1753:
1747:
1712:
1707:
1704:
1696:market-based
1675:
1671:
1669:
1656:
1646:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1605: 1-year
1599: 2-year
1593: 5-year
1562:1924–present
1541:
1537:money supply
1530:
1524:
1501:
1477:
1470:
1458:
1448:
1444:central bank
1425:
1402:
1375:
1352:
1340:money supply
1324:central bank
1321:
1245:
1238:
1214:Vacant
1213:
1187:
1185:
1177:Term begins
1164:
1150:
1146:
1144:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1115:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1082:
1036:Elana Rubin
979:
972:
924:
922:
914:Term begins
901:
896:
894:
887:
885:
876:
872:
854:
839:
834:H. C. Coombs
708:August 1982
697:Bob Johnston
686:August 1982
607:
469:
411:
409:
401:
398:
378:
339:
331:
301:
279:
277:
257:
246:
235:
226:
223:central bank
218:
214:
212:
50:Headquarters
18:
5605:New Zealand
5371:Solar power
5151:Real estate
5121:Agriculture
4684:Police Bank
4602:Cairns Bank
4277:Anglosphere
4117:Immigration
4082:Citizenship
3949:Agriculture
3835:Nationalism
3778:Enforcement
3751:Transgender
3585:Earthquakes
3573:Environment
3507:Immigration
3436:Archaeology
3086:(1872–1967)
3080:(1855–1926)
3078:Sydney Mint
2979:crown (5/-)
2927:halfpenny (
2455:Hill, M.R.
2059:"Cash Rate"
1735:deregulated
1700:stagflation
1684:H.C. Coombs
1446:functions.
1398:Philip Lowe
1353:During the
1336:World War I
1107:market risk
1031:6 May 2028
1028:7 May 2023
842:H.C. Coombs
792:Philip Lowe
557:March 1941
506:James Kell
99:Established
86: /
74:151°12′42″E
61:Coordinates
5639:Categories
5376:Wind power
5231:Tax return
5201:Fuel taxes
5126:Automotive
5114:Industries
5085:Queensland
4848:Regulators
4782:ING Direct
4689:Qudos Bank
4587:Bank First
4267:Television
4237:Literature
4122:Irreligion
4102:Healthcare
4097:Euthanasia
4077:Censorship
3884:Government
3830:Liberalism
3800:Parliament
3512:Indigenous
3502:Federation
3492:Diplomatic
3466:Since 1945
3431:Prehistory
3120:(obsolete)
3090:Perth Mint
2944:penny (1d)
2011:References
1904:, Sydney:
1763:Wayne Swan
1649:Parliament
1628:Earle Page
1548:securities
1532:ex officio
1440:commercial
1359:regulation
1239:Indefinite
1188:Ex officio
1180:Term ends
1151:ex officio
989:Ian Harper
973:Indefinite
925:Ex officio
917:Term ends
889:ex officio
873:ex officio
711:July 1989
683:July 1975
654:July 1975
651:July 1968
629:July 1968
577:July 1941
496:June 1923
493:June 1912
420:vice versa
403:ex officio
156:AUD (
106:1960-01-14
71:33°52′05″S
5585:Australia
5171:Transport
5136:Insurance
4926:Inquiries
4752:Arab Bank
4722:Volt Bank
4694:RACQ Bank
4637:Hume Bank
4520:Judo Bank
4500:Alex Bank
4495:Airwallex
4174:Squatting
4127:Languages
4092:Education
4072:Aged care
4036:Transport
3845:Socialism
3825:Far-right
3815:Christian
3810:Anarchism
3773:Judiciary
3709:Donations
3704:Elections
3615:Mountains
3563:Continent
3541:Geography
3461:1901–1945
3456:1851–1900
3451:1788–1850
3397:Australia
2992:Banknotes
2846:Banknotes
2605:0140-0460
2073:7 October
1865:WikiLeaks
1828:July 2023
1799:does not
1778:Securency
1759:Statement
1702:in 1959.
1692:liquidity
1620:Treasurer
1512:Inflation
1350:in 1925.
1021:Iain Ross
452:Governor
358:Melbourne
335:net worth
324:Treasurer
268:Treasurer
143:Australia
114:Ownership
5625:Zimbabwe
5520:Category
5193:Taxation
5100:Tasmania
5080:Victoria
5052:Currency
4823:Latitude
4792:Rabobank
4747:ABN AMRO
4429:Bankwest
4324:Category
4169:Religion
4067:Abortion
4021:Taxation
3790:Monarchy
3785:Military
3741:Intersex
3677:Politics
3658:Capitals
3522:Monarchy
3517:Military
3497:Economic
3475:By topic
3421:Timeline
3401:articles
3199:Policies
2694:Archived
2664:Archived
2609:Archived
2497:Archived
2463:Archived
2434:Archived
2405:Archived
2376:Archived
2350:Archived
2260:Archived
2233:Archived
2124:Archived
2067:Archived
2037:Archived
1912:See also
1674:and the
1633:industry
1544:New York
1527:governor
1404:living.
1388:and the
1346:and the
389:governor
354:Canberra
350:Brisbane
346:Adelaide
260:Treasury
165:Reserves
158:ISO 4217
149:Currency
129:Governor
5620:Vietnam
5615:Vanuatu
5532:Commons
5336:Biofuel
5247:Banking
5210:dispute
5166:Tourism
5131:Fishing
5006:History
4797:Revolut
4714:Defunct
4652:MyState
4592:BankVic
4535:ME Bank
4460:Westpac
4301:Outline
4272:Theatre
4262:Symbols
4227:Cuisine
4194:Culture
4055:Society
4031:Tourism
4001:Poverty
3937:Economy
3719:Parties
3620:Regions
3610:Islands
3605:Geology
3600:Forests
3568:Deserts
3553:Climate
3527:Railway
3409:History
2932:⁄
2700:18 June
2690:rsf.org
2644:10 July
2615:14 July
2206:10 June
1820:removed
1805:sources
1780:scandal
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1457:by the
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927:members
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5600:Malawi
5431:Unions
5328:Energy
5146:Mining
4917:Zeller
4902:Cuscal
4818:Aussie
4487:Retail
4470:BankSA
4446:86_400
4329:Portal
4222:Cinema
4164:Racism
4137:People
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3959:Energy
3954:Dollar
3699:Courts
3689:Asylum
3663:Cities
3630:Rivers
3578:issues
3399:
3274:system
3173:Global
3106:Topics
2603:
2577:7 June
2503:6 June
2469:6 June
2440:6 June
2411:6 June
2382:6 June
2356:6 June
2295:5 June
2269:5 June
2163:7 June
2130:5 June
1890:20-22
1721:. The
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1463:states
1160:quorum
458:Start
366:London
342:Sydney
5595:India
5176:Ports
4787:Monzo
4727:Xinja
4441:UBank
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4252:Radio
4242:Music
4232:Dance
4184:Women
4087:Crime
3991:Media
3857:Women
3595:Fauna
3590:Flora
3323:Lists
3071:Mints
3057:₤1000
2911:Coins
2888:$ 100
2818:round
2775:Coins
2670:3 May
2571:(PDF)
2564:(PDF)
2263:(PDF)
2256:(PDF)
2043:8 May
2029:(PDF)
1994:Notes
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1378:float
1171:Name
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316:cycle
238:NAIRU
184:4.35%
117:100%
5590:Fiji
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5298:ASIC
5293:APRA
5288:ACCC
5183:Wine
4897:BPAY
4212:Arts
3921:list
3909:list
3897:list
3746:LGBT
3050:₤100
3008:10/-
2883:$ 50
2878:$ 20
2873:$ 10
2702:2024
2672:2022
2646:2009
2617:2023
2601:ISSN
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2505:2009
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2442:2009
2413:2009
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