178:
408:
457:
301:
438:
The source of the returned water was one of the lower ponds, the Boring Mill Pool. This was enlarged to provide a greater reservoir capacity, around the time this engine was installed. From here an underground passageway was dug, 0.8 km long to the engine house pump. Although this was heading
339:
was wooden, but as the engine was so large it was made from multiple laminated timbers, as was becoming common around this time for the increasingly large and powerful engines. At each end it was fitted with an iron-shod wooden arch head, with the engine's force transmitted by a pair of chains.
422:
was installed at the head of
Coalbrookdale, between the header ponds of the Upper Furnace Pool and the New Pool. This site was further up the valley than that of the preceding Newcomen engine, which had been sited at what is now the large Wesleyan chapel on the main road. The older engine had
460:
423:
supplied the Lower
Furnace Pool. The New Pool was constructed long before, around 1698, but only acted as an additional reservoir to the Upper Furnace Pool and did not supply any waterwheels or equipment directly. There was thus no advantage in pumping water back to its extra height and so
434:
at the bottom of the shaft. This could lift water from an appreciable depth, developed for the needs of
Cornish tin mining, but they had only low delivery pressure at the top of the shaft. The engine was thus placed near to where the water was to be delivered, rather than its source.
255:
in 1742–1743. Newcomen engines were recognised as expensive in their coal consumption and were replaced in most situations other than coal mines, where waste slack could be used. At
Coalbrookdale, the steam engines were fired with high quality coal, possibly the same grade of
443:
the dale, the passage had a slight fall to the North, to encourage the water flow. At the pump shaft, the shaft was now 120 feet (37 m) deep. This tunnel was just one of a number of culverts, sluices and similar works built at the
Coalbrookdale site around this time.
246:
attempted to reduce their dependency upon seasonal water supply by a series of water-returning engines. These engines did not drive the ironworks machinery directly, but pumped water from the lower to upper ponds to recycle it. The first of these engines was
231:'fine cascades' of water. Although the water power available at Coalbrookdale had been described as 'abundant', it was also seasonal: in the summer months, the lack of water could require the furnace to be 'blown out' for some months and work suspended.
857:
357:"discharge 315 Gallons of water each stroke & which is at the rate of 2235 Gallons Pr minute, & perhaps one of the largest Engines ever erected, its daily consumption of Coal reckoning 24 hours to the day is 200 hundred weight."
234:
A simple method to extend the water availability was to construct a series of ponds high in the valley. These provided a reserve of water to cover short periods of low rainfall, but could not supply an entire summer.
893:
955:
336:
875:
304:
1670:
265:
391:
was outdated in some ways shortly after it was delivered. In 1782, Watt developed a further two of his major innovations in the steam engine:
431:
568:
399:. Despite this, single-acting non-rotative beam engines would remain in use for pumping water from mines for more than another century.
471:
The engine had a working life of just less than forty years. By 1821 the engine house was painted as being in a semi-demolished state.
948:
344:
The beam is of an amazing strength being compos’d of 8 large oak trees, …which is supported by a strong cast Metal
Gudgeon or pivot…
1830:
1703:
1840:
1898:
1098:
1952:
1736:
1509:
941:
1405:
1400:
786:
721:
684:
650:
1548:
1937:
1864:
1776:
486:
The engine's demolition, and the end of its service, can be dated to 1821, when it was painted by J Homes Smith.
1730:
919:
1957:
1835:
1479:
1724:
1123:
763:
642:
530:
1711:
1499:
889:
871:
728:
all coal and ironstone 'digged within ffower insetts or pitts alreadie begunne by the saied James
Clifford'
480:
328:
280:
162:
1849:
502:
Darby found that of the local coal seams, only the low-sulphur 'Clod Coal' seam was suitable for smelting.
1567:
1539:
1423:
1035:
978:
196:
1438:
1317:
676:
375:
268:
saved 600 tons of high quality coal by switching the works to using only low-quality coal for boilers.
1947:
1869:
1858:
1716:
1415:
1028:
319:. The cylinder was 67 inches in diameter: large for its day, but not exceptional. This cylinder was
177:
1575:
1879:
1874:
1795:
1664:
1519:
1464:
1186:
1142:
1682:
1443:
599:
1942:
1884:
1782:
1656:
1623:
1504:
1206:
1155:
1093:
831:
Plan accompanying the Lease of Coal-brookdale
Ironworks (1805), Shropshire Archives 1681/138/1.
427:
supplied the Upper
Furnace Pool, although by a short mill-race that also supplied a corn-mill.
392:
320:
224:
158:
101:
1749:
1474:
1395:
1368:
1165:
1083:
993:
713:
702:
379:
239:
91:
1809:
215:. Coalbrookdale is a narrow steep-sided valley that offered useful water power to drive the
1494:
1433:
1294:
1160:
1108:
1045:
998:
396:
271:
To increase the water pumping capacity, and to reduce the amount of coal consumed, in 1781
166:
8:
1803:
1337:
1211:
1128:
1118:
1299:
591:
257:
1600:
1448:
1387:
1342:
1322:
1309:
1289:
1271:
1216:
1170:
1040:
983:
782:
717:
680:
646:
595:
272:
165:
there. It was one of the last water-returning engines to be constructed, before the
1676:
1637:
1363:
1281:
1251:
1103:
666:
583:
316:
261:
243:
56:
1582:
1524:
1332:
1327:
1241:
1196:
324:
252:
200:
36:
260:
as used in the blast furnaces. This continued until the recession of 1830, when
1768:
1617:
1589:
1266:
1088:
1078:
988:
279:, one of the recently developed, and more efficient, atmospheric engines with
1931:
1913:
1900:
1556:
1529:
1428:
1347:
1183:
587:
208:
192:
182:
154:
670:
407:
1757:
1514:
1261:
1246:
1201:
1055:
1050:
964:
709:
371:
332:
1609:
1180:
1150:
1023:
228:
204:
150:
1688:
1631:
1256:
1191:
1175:
1113:
1070:
1060:
220:
216:
46:
1484:
1469:
248:
894:"The Resolution Steam-Engine, Coalbrookdale, Seen from the New Pool"
764:"Site Of "Resolution" Steam Engine, Shaft And Tunnel, Coalbrookdale"
1373:
212:
430:
Pumping engines of this vintage used a vertical pump rod, with a
81:
933:
920:"Resolution steam engine Coalbrookdale and Old Furnace Broseley"
1489:
1226:
1008:
834:
659:
876:"Near View of the Resolution Steam-Engine, Coalbrookdale"
815:
813:
800:
798:
888:
870:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
548:
306:
Near View of the
Resolution Steam-Engine, Coalbrookdale
810:
795:
411:'Engine Row' cottages (left), the approximate site of
353:
The water pump had two cylinders of 26-inch diameter.
733:
609:
569:"Sublime cascades: Water and Power in Coalbrookdale"
536:
520:
518:
516:
514:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
701:
511:
1929:
851:
849:
776:
745:
227:, etc. Contemporary visitors commented upon the
172:
479:The working engine was sketched by the artist
949:
855:
846:
315:The engine was built by the partnership of
275:replaced the existing Newcomen engine with
956:
942:
781:. Moorland Publishing. pp. 139, 159.
211:, rather than the previous and expensive
858:"Resolution steam engine, Coalbrookdale"
406:
176:
1831:Glossary of steam locomotive components
906:
840:
819:
804:
739:
636:
624:
566:
554:
542:
1930:
777:Dickinson, H.W.; Jenkins, R. (1981) .
937:
699:
665:
524:
153:, installed between 1781 and 1782 at
462:Watercolour when partially derelict
251:in around 1735, then replaced by a
169:made this type of engine obsolete.
13:
1683:National Museum of Scotland engine
14:
1969:
963:
335:and was 22 feet in diameter. The
203:'s first production of iron by a
1865:List of steam technology patents
924:Discovering Shropshire's History
455:
325:Newcomen's atmospheric principle
299:
161:to power the blast furnaces and
912:
900:
882:
864:
825:
779:James Watt and the Steam Engine
770:
286:
1850:Murdoch's model steam carriage
1836:History of steam road vehicles
693:
630:
560:
496:
308:, Philip James De Loutherbourg
1:
1777:Murray's Hypocycloidal Engine
643:Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust
576:Industrial Archaeology Review
531:Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust
489:
1500:Return connecting rod engine
890:Philip James de Loutherbourg
872:Philip James de Loutherbourg
481:Philip James de Loutherbourg
173:Water power in Coalbrookdale
7:
1953:History of the steam engine
1424:Condensing steam locomotive
639:The Darbys of Coalbrookdale
331:. Its boiler was of Watt's
197:First Industrial Revolution
10:
1974:
1731:"Coalbrookdale Locomotive"
677:Cambridge University Press
483:, in either 1786 or 1800.
181:The Upper Furnace Pool at
1823:
1794:
1767:
1748:
1737:"Pen-y-Darren" locomotive
1702:
1655:
1608:
1599:
1566:
1547:
1538:
1457:
1414:
1406:Single- and double-acting
1386:
1356:
1308:
1280:
1234:
1225:
1141:
1069:
1016:
1007:
971:
641:. Phillimore & Co. /
637:Trinder, Barrie (1991) .
474:
454:
449:
329:Watt's separate condenser
298:
293:
281:Watt's separate condenser
134:
129:
121:
113:
108:
97:
87:
77:
62:
52:
42:
32:
27:
20:
1576:Newcomen Memorial Engine
700:Catherine Clark (1993).
588:10.1179/174581907X234027
1938:Individual beam engines
1880:Timeline of steam power
1875:Stationary steam engine
1758:Woolf's compound engine
1665:Soho Manufactory engine
1520:Steeple compound engine
1187:straight line mechanism
402:
327:, although improved by
125:67 inches (170 cm)
37:Atmospheric beam engine
1885:Water-returning engine
1859:Lean's Engine Reporter
1632:Chacewater Mine engine
1505:Six-column beam engine
856:J Homes Smith (1821).
416:
364:
351:
189:
159:water-returning engine
102:Water-returning engine
1958:Industrial Revolution
1725:London Steam Carriage
860:. Shropshire History.
766:. Shropshire History.
527:Coalbrookdale in 1801
410:
355:
342:
240:Coalbrookdale Company
199:and was the scene of
180:
92:Coalbrookdale Company
1671:Bradley Works engine
1495:Reciprocating engine
1318:Babcock & Wilcox
1161:Centrifugal governor
605:on 22 February 2012.
567:Belford, P. (2007).
397:rotative beam engine
195:was a cradle of the
167:rotative beam engine
1910: /
1212:Sun and planet gear
909:, pp. 136, 147
843:, pp. 138–143.
370:was a reference to
1712:Richard Trevithick
1310:Water-tube boilers
1124:Gresley conjugated
464:, by J Homes Smith
417:
376:South Seas voyages
258:metallurgical coal
190:
1914:52.641°N 2.4896°W
1893:
1892:
1819:
1818:
1698:
1697:
1382:
1381:
1282:Fire-tube boilers
1137:
1136:
667:Hills, Richard L.
557:, pp. 17–18.
469:
468:
313:
312:
273:Abraham Darby III
142:
141:
104:driving machinery
78:Country of origin
1965:
1948:Ironbridge Gorge
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1843:fardier à vapeur
1677:Whitbread Engine
1638:Smethwick Engine
1606:
1605:
1545:
1544:
1364:Feedwater heater
1232:
1231:
1014:
1013:
958:
951:
944:
935:
934:
928:
927:
916:
910:
904:
898:
897:
886:
880:
879:
868:
862:
861:
853:
844:
838:
832:
829:
823:
817:
808:
802:
793:
792:
774:
768:
767:
760:
743:
737:
731:
730:
707:
704:Ironbridge Gorge
697:
691:
690:
672:Power from Steam
663:
657:
656:
634:
628:
622:
607:
606:
604:
598:. Archived from
573:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
534:
533:
522:
503:
500:
459:
458:
447:
446:
415:was behind these
395:engines and the
362:
349:
317:Boulton and Watt
303:
302:
291:
290:
244:Abraham Darby II
219:and the various
73:
71:
57:Boulton and Watt
18:
17:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1962:
1928:
1927:
1919:52.641; -2.4896
1918:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1815:
1790:
1763:
1744:
1694:
1651:
1595:
1583:Fairbottom Bobs
1568:Newcomen engine
1562:
1534:
1480:Expansion valve
1453:
1439:Watt's separate
1410:
1378:
1352:
1304:
1276:
1221:
1197:Parallel motion
1133:
1084:Stephenson link
1065:
1003:
972:Operating cycle
967:
962:
932:
931:
918:
917:
913:
905:
901:
887:
883:
869:
865:
854:
847:
839:
835:
830:
826:
818:
811:
803:
796:
789:
775:
771:
762:
761:
746:
738:
734:
724:
698:
694:
687:
664:
660:
653:
635:
631:
623:
610:
602:
571:
565:
561:
553:
549:
541:
537:
525:Anon. (1980) ,
523:
512:
507:
506:
501:
497:
492:
477:
456:
405:
363:
361:
350:
348:
300:
289:
253:Newcomen engine
238:From 1735, the
175:
88:Former operator
69:
67:
12:
11:
5:
1971:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1847:
1833:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1807:
1800:
1798:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1780:
1773:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1734:
1728:
1722:
1708:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1661:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1621:
1618:Kinneil Engine
1614:
1612:
1603:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1590:Elsecar Engine
1587:
1579:
1572:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1551:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1510:Steeple engine
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1369:Feedwater pump
1366:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1286:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1236:
1235:Simple boilers
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1217:Watt's linkage
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:Connecting rod
1163:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1020:
1018:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
975:
973:
969:
968:
961:
960:
953:
946:
938:
930:
929:
911:
907:Belford (2007)
899:
881:
863:
845:
841:Belford (2007)
833:
824:
822:, p. 138.
820:Belford (2007)
809:
807:, p. 137.
805:Belford (2007)
794:
787:
769:
744:
740:Trinder (1974)
732:
722:
692:
685:
679:. p. 37.
658:
651:
645:. p. 18.
629:
627:, p. 136.
625:Belford (2007)
608:
582:(2): 133–148.
559:
555:Trinder (1974)
547:
543:Trinder (1974)
535:
509:
508:
505:
504:
494:
493:
491:
488:
476:
473:
467:
466:
452:
451:
450:External image
404:
401:
359:
346:
323:and worked on
311:
310:
296:
295:
294:External image
288:
285:
225:boring engines
185:, supplied by
174:
171:
140:
139:
136:
132:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
115:
111:
110:
106:
105:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
79:
75:
74:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
34:
30:
29:
25:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1970:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1943:Coalbrookdale
1941:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1926:
1923:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1719:
1718:Puffing Devil
1715:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1704:High-pressure
1701:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1657:Rotative beam
1654:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1557:Savery Engine
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1531:
1530:Working fluid
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1207:Rotative beam
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1184:hypocycloidal
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
974:
970:
966:
965:Steam engines
959:
954:
952:
947:
945:
940:
939:
936:
925:
921:
915:
908:
903:
895:
891:
885:
877:
873:
867:
859:
852:
850:
842:
837:
828:
821:
816:
814:
806:
801:
799:
790:
788:0-903485-92-3
784:
780:
773:
765:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
742:, p. 49.
741:
736:
729:
725:
723:0-7134-6737-1
719:
715:
711:
706:
705:
696:
688:
686:0-521-45834-X
682:
678:
674:
673:
668:
662:
654:
652:0-85033-791-7
648:
644:
640:
633:
626:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
570:
563:
556:
551:
545:, p. 10.
544:
539:
532:
528:
521:
519:
517:
515:
510:
499:
495:
487:
484:
482:
472:
465:
463:
453:
448:
445:
442:
436:
433:
428:
426:
421:
414:
409:
400:
398:
394:
393:double-acting
390:
386:
384:
383:
377:
373:
369:
358:
354:
345:
341:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
321:single-acting
318:
309:
307:
297:
292:
284:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
254:
250:
245:
241:
236:
232:
230:
226:
222:
218:
217:furnace blast
214:
210:
209:blast furnace
206:
202:
201:Abraham Darby
198:
194:
193:Coalbrookdale
188:
184:
183:Coalbrookdale
179:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
155:Coalbrookdale
152:
149:was an early
148:
147:
137:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:
86:
83:
80:
76:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
38:
35:
31:
26:
23:
19:
16:
1895:
1870:Modern steam
1857:
1842:
1804:Porter-Allen
1783:
1717:
1644:
1643:
1624:
1581:
1515:Safety valve
1444:"Pickle-pot"
1338:Thimble tube
923:
914:
902:
884:
866:
836:
827:
778:
772:
735:
727:
714:23–24, 28–29
710:B T Batsford
703:
695:
671:
661:
638:
632:
600:the original
579:
575:
562:
550:
538:
526:
498:
485:
478:
470:
461:
440:
437:
429:
424:
419:
418:
412:
388:
387:
381:
372:Captain Cook
367:
365:
356:
352:
343:
314:
305:
287:Construction
276:
270:
266:Alfred Darby
249:horse-worked
237:
233:
191:
186:
145:
144:
143:
130:Preservation
109:Measurements
21:
15:
1917: /
1601:Watt engine
1401:Oscillating
1357:Boiler feed
1202:Plate chain
1181:Tusi couple
1094:Walschaerts
979:Atmospheric
712:. pp.
432:bucket pump
333:wagon style
229:picturesque
221:stamp mills
151:beam engine
1932:Categories
1902:52°38′28″N
1810:Ljungström
1796:High-speed
1689:Lap Engine
1645:Resolution
1549:Precursors
1434:Kirchweger
1396:Locomotive
1343:Three-drum
1323:Field-tube
1290:Locomotive
1272:Lancashire
1192:Link chain
1176:Crankshaft
1143:Mechanisms
1071:Valve gear
490:References
425:Resolution
420:Resolution
413:Resolution
389:Resolution
382:Resolution
374:'s recent
368:Resolution
277:Resolution
262:Abraham IV
187:Resolution
146:Resolution
47:James Watt
22:Resolution
1905:2°29′23″W
1841:Cugnot's
1784:Salamanca
1485:Hydrolock
1470:Crosshead
1416:Condenser
1252:Egg-ended
596:110369508
380:HMS
366:The name
163:ironworks
114:Cylinders
1824:See also
1750:Compound
1625:Old Bess
1465:Blowback
1388:Cylinder
1374:Injector
1333:Stirling
1328:Sentinel
1242:Haystack
1156:Cataract
1129:Southern
1119:Caprotti
994:Compound
669:(1989).
360:—
347:—
213:charcoal
43:Designer
1540:History
1449:Surface
1267:Cornish
1227:Boilers
1109:Corliss
1046:Corliss
1029:D slide
999:Uniflow
989:Cornish
926:. 1821.
378:aboard
207:-fired
135:Working
98:Purpose
82:England
68: (
28:Origins
1852:(1784)
1846:(1769)
1812:(1908)
1806:(1862)
1787:(1812)
1779:(1805)
1769:Murray
1760:(1803)
1739:(1804)
1733:(1803)
1727:(1803)
1721:(1801)
1691:(1788)
1685:(1786)
1679:(1785)
1673:(1783)
1667:(1782)
1648:(1781)
1640:(1779)
1634:(1778)
1628:(1777)
1620:(1768)
1592:(1795)
1586:(1760)
1578:(1725)
1559:(1698)
1525:Stroke
1490:Piston
1475:Cutoff
1348:Yarrow
1300:Launch
1295:Scotch
1056:Sleeve
1051:Poppet
1036:Piston
1017:Valves
1009:Valves
785:
720:
683:
649:
594:
475:In art
242:under
1458:Other
1262:Flued
1247:Wagon
1171:Crank
1114:Lentz
1104:Baker
1099:Allan
1024:Slide
603:(PDF)
592:S2CID
572:(PDF)
157:as a
53:Maker
1610:Beam
1151:Beam
1061:Bash
1041:Drop
984:Watt
783:ISBN
718:ISBN
681:ISBN
647:ISBN
403:Site
337:beam
264:and
205:coke
122:Bore
70:1781
66:1781
63:Date
33:Type
1429:Jet
1257:Box
1089:Joy
1079:Gab
584:doi
1934::
922:.
892:.
874:.
848:^
812:^
797:^
747:^
726:.
716:.
708:.
675:.
611:^
590:.
580:29
578:.
574:.
529:,
513:^
441:up
385:.
283:.
223:,
138:No
957:e
950:t
943:v
896:.
878:.
791:.
689:.
655:.
586::
117:1
72:)
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