254:
reports that on
Wednesday after the feast of St. Bartholomew they (Aaron's family) have made preparations for a marriage feast … to which they have invited - not secretly but quite openly - some of our Christians in order to disparage the Christian faith of which they are the enemies and preach heresies to the simple people thus generating scandal by their intercourse. We therefore bid and enjoin on you … to make it known in all churches of the diocese that no Christian is to take part in festivities of this kind, under pain of canonical discipline.
38:
309:, where a memorial in the transept's north wall depicts him in bishop's robes and holding a building. Two of his nephews were given offices within the diocese, with John given the precentorship in Hereford Cathedral, and Gilbert made the chancellor there. Another possible relative was Richard Swinfield, who also held a prebend in the diocese.
281:
Significant work on
Hereford cathedral took place while Swinefield was bishop. Work on the crossing tower dates from approximately 1307 onwards. A number of the works related to the use of the building for the cult of Thomas de Cantilupe, including the eastern transepts, Chancel aisles, and the North
312:
A record of
Swinefield's expenses as bishop has survived for the years 1289 and 1290. The accounts offer a rare glimpse of the organisation and expenses of a major household during that period. During the 296 days covered by the record, his household moved 81 times, with 38 of these stops associated
258:
Swinefield's orders were disobeyed, and local dignitaries attended the event. Swinefield threatened them with excommunication if they did not repent of their actions. It has been suggested that
Swinefield's close correspondence with Rome over these events led to Honorius IV's Bull of November, which
242:
Swinefield was concerned to ensure that his clergy were well treated. He worked to ensure that churches within his diocese were not misappropriated through the granting of custody to unworthy candidates, and was vigilant over monastic houses. In
Swinefield's disagreements with the town of Hereford,
253:
how great and how full of losses and perils is intercourse between
Christians and Jews ... although Christian charity suffers patiently (these Jews) who are by their own fault condemned to perpetual servitude they scruple not to our contempt and insults on Christians. We have learned from sundry
150:, his predecessor, for whom he had worked during his lifetime. Active in his diocese, he devoted little time to national political life. He was noted for his hostility to Jews and demanded their removal from Christian society, and ultimately, from England. He was buried in
170:. His father was Stephen of Swinfield, who died in 1282, and his brother Stephen remained a layman. No other information about his family and upbringing, including his date of birth, has emerged. He was a doctor of divinity degree, but where he graduated is not known.
235:, usually excusing himself on the grounds of urgent diocesan business or his own bad health. He inherited several lawsuits from his predecessor, which he managed to settle. He also resolved a dispute over the boundary between the diocese of Hereford and the Welsh
346:
As he was dependent on civil authorities to enforce punishments, he had to write to the King to enforce any restrictions. In his archive, 98 letters can be found requesting punishment of excommunicated
Christians, however it is not recorded what the offences were
578:, p.444, "it points beyond the biblical Exodus to the place of the Jews in Christian salvation history, which, as the visual transformation of the Israelites into contemporary Jews makes clear, necessarily involves their exile in the here and now."
200:, Swinefield travelled to Rome on 26 January 1282 to plead his mentor's case to the Pope. Cantilupe died on the journey, and his remains were brought back to Hereford Cathedral by Swinefield.
259:
called on the
Archbishop of Canterbury to ensure that anti-Jewish measures were properly enforced, especially those forbidding fraternisation between Jews and Christians.
246:
Many of
Swinefield's disputes with the town appear to have involved relations between the Jewish and Christian populations of the town, which he did not directly control.
189:, before 1279 and was to hold it until he became a bishop. In 1278-80, he was administering the finances of Lincoln cathedral. Shortly after 17 April 1280 he was named
266:
beginning almost immediately after the latter's death in 1282. In
January 1290, on a visit by Edward I to Hereford for this purpose, Swinefield helped persuade him to
294:
and a bagpiper. The Synagogue figure shows a blindfolded Jew, whose two tablets are being dropped, in order to convey ignorance and a failure to uphold God's law.
1813:
1808:
231:
During Swinefield's time as bishop, he was not involved in national political life and spent most of his time in his diocese. He rarely attended
1131:
321:
in 1853-1855. The editors noted, alternatively, Swinefield's "zealous" attitude towards the Jewry, or his "religious narrowness".
1823:
1441:
228:, or the ecclesiastical and lay income-producing properties, of the see by 8 January 1293. He was consecrated on 7 March 1283.
821:
249:
Hearing of the Jew Aaron inviting prominent members of the city to a wedding, Swinefield wrote to his Hereford chancellor:
274:, which features anti-Semitic imagery. Some scholarship identifies scenes on the Mappa Mundi as an attempt to justify the
873:"The Hereford Jewry, 1179-1290 (third and final part) Aaron le Blund and the Last Decades of the Hereford Jewry, 1253-90"
1003:
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with him visiting his diocese from April through June. The record also shows that he supported two scholars at the
142:, England. He graduated as a doctor of divinity before holding several ecclesiastical offices, including that of
1042:
A Roll of the Household Expenses of Richard de Swinfield, Bishop of Hereford, During Part of the Years 1289–1290
1030:
686:
1264:
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1204:
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1798:
1621:
1295:
1224:
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1154:
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Porch, which features a number of figures that appear to relate to the cult, such as the female
1707:
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778:
Bishops, Clerks, and Diocesan Governance in Thirteenth-Century England: Reward and Punishment
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Swinefield's main efforts, though, went toward securing the canonisation of his predecessor
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317:. Several published editions of Swinefield's accounts have appeared, including by the
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Cantilupe's canonization did not take place until 1320, after Swinefield's death.
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270:. Among the objects he is believed to have procured for Cantilupe's cult are the
146:. As a bishop, he dedicated considerable efforts to securing the canonisation of
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Registrum Ricardi de Swinfield, Episcopi Herefordensis, AD MCCLXXXIII–MCCCXVII
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181:, later to be made Bishop of Hereford in 1275. By 1279 Swinefield held the
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England's Jews: Finance, Violence, and the Crown in the Thirteenth Century
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Exterior view of Hereford Cathedral, where Richard Swinefield is buried.
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1109:
1067:(Subscription ed.). Canterbury: Cross & Jackman. p. 116.
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A prebend was a stipend derived from an estate owned by the cathedral.
193:, having previously held an unknown prebend in the diocese of London.
1214:
1164:
975:
Imago Mundi: The International Journal for the History of Cartography
835:(Third revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
37:
196:
When Cantilupe was ex-communicated by the Archbishop of Canterbury,
1244:
1194:
1169:
965:
858:. Vol. 1: St. Paul's, London. Institute of Historical Research
973:
Terkla, Dan (2004). "The Original Placement of the Hereford Map".
1320:
1254:
1239:
1159:
212:, or bishopric, on 1 October 1282. The election was confirmed by
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305:
Richard Swinefield died on 15 March 1317, and was buried in
930:(Revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
831:
Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996).
220:
on 31 December 1282, and he entered into possession of the
945:"Edward I, Exodus, and England on the Hereford World Map"
725:. Vol. 8: Hereford. Institute of Historical Research
704:. Vol. 8: Hereford. Institute of Historical Research
942:
649:
Roll of the Household Expenses of Richard de Swinfield
877:
Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club
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537:
Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club
524:
Transactions of the Woolhope Naturalists' Field Club
436:
434:
922:
998:. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
849:
816:(Reprint ed.). Woodbridge, UK: D. S. Brewer.
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928:Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century
887:
780:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 136–166.
737:
465:
463:
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16:13th and 14th-century English Bishop of Hereford
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761:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
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814:A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases
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1814:14th-century English Roman Catholic bishops
1809:13th-century English Roman Catholic bishops
802:
742:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
677:Aylmer, Gerald; Tiller, John, eds. (2000).
596:Strickland "Edward I, Exodus, and England"
574:Strickland "Edward I, Exodus, and England"
561:Strickland "Edward I, Exodus, and England"
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502:Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases
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413:Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases
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36:
1044:. Vol. I–II. London: Camden Society.
1025:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
757:Brooks, Alan; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2012).
494:
1139:
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894:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
759:The Buildings of England: Herefordshire
401:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
173:By 1264 Swinefield was a member of the
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807:. London: Canterbury and York Society.
775:
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243:he was little inclined to give way.
162:Swinefield's last name may come from
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138:; died 15 March 1317) was a medieval
856:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
723:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
702:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
455:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
426:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
371:Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066–1300
522:Quoted in Hillaby "Hereford Jewry"
300:
13:
1023:Sainthood in the Later Middle Ages
776:Burger, M. (2012). "Punishment.".
471:Sainthood in the later Middle Ages
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14:
1835:
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453:Greenway "Archdeacons of London"
154:where his memorial still stands.
943:Strickland, Debra Higgs (2018).
239:, to the advantage of Hereford.
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890:"Swinfield, Richard (d. 1317)"
833:Handbook of British Chronology
661:Harley Manuscript Geographies
637:Registrum Ricardi de Swinfield
489:Handbook of British Chronology
457:: Volume 1: St. Paul's, London
331:
208:Swinefield was elected to the
1:
1824:Burials at Hereford Cathedral
1040:Webb, John, ed. (1854–1855).
812:Coredon, Christopher (2007).
740:Harley Manuscript Geographies
679:Hereford Cathedral: a History
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587:Brooks & Pevnser, p 274-7
550:Harley Manuscript Geographies
203:
916:UK public library membership
440:Terkla "Original Placement"
399:Hoskin "Swinfield, Richard"
354:
7:
1060:"Robert of Swinfield"
987:10.1080/0308569042000238064
896:. Oxford University Press.
850:Greenway, Diana E. (1968).
681:. London: Hambledon Press.
369:Barrow "Hereford: Bishops"
268:expel the Jews from England
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1057:Hutchinson, John (1892).
981:(2). Routledge: 131–151.
888:Hoskin, Philippa (2004).
803:Capes, W.W., ed. (1909).
738:Birkholz, Daniel (2020).
535:Hillaby "Hereford Jewry"
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1021:Vauchez, André (1997).
852:"Archdeacons of London"
719:"Prebendaries: Hampton"
1603:Episcopacy abolished (
1175:Cuthbert of Canterbury
1076:Catholic Church titles
902:10.1093/ref:odnb/26843
717:Barrow, J. S. (2002).
696:Barrow, J. S. (2002).
624:Church Life in England
611:Church Life in England
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185:of Hampton within the
1386:Peter of Aigueblanche
871:Hillaby, Joe (1990).
251:
1647:Lord James Beauclerk
994:Tolan, John (2023).
663:p. 94, notes 1 and 3
428:: Volume 8: Hereford
315:University of Oxford
272:Hereford Mappa Mundi
191:Archdeacon of London
144:Archdeacon of London
136:Richard de Swinfield
88:Archdeacon of London
1819:Bishops of Hereford
1799:13th-century births
1396:Thomas de Cantilupe
1141:Bishops of Hereford
1085:Thomas de Cantilupe
924:Moorman, John R. H.
513:Burger, 2012 p. 145
264:Thomas de Cantilupe
237:diocese of St Asaph
179:Thomas de Cantilupe
148:Thomas de Cantilupe
68:Thomas de Cantilupe
1723:Charles Lisle Carr
1683:George Huntingford
1673:Folliott Cornewall
1627:Humphrey Humphreys
1583:Augustine Lindsell
1558:Herbert Westfaling
1508:Adriano Castellesi
1432:Lewis de Charleton
1401:Richard Swinefield
1376:Ralph de Maidstone
1331:Richard de Capella
1301:Walter of Lorraine
1092:Bishop of Hereford
307:Hereford Cathedral
158:Rise in the Church
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132:Richard Swinefield
124:Hereford Cathedral
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1623:
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1617:Herbert Croft
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1490:
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166:located near
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115:15 March 1317
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84:Other post(s)
82:
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59:15 March 1317
58:
54:
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39:
34:
31:
27:
20:
1786:
1770:
1757:
1718:Linton Smith
1698:Renn Hampden
1632:Philip Bisse
1605:Commonwealth
1602:
1588:Matthew Wren
1501:Early modern
1457:Edmund Lacey
1442:John Gilbert
1417:Adam Orleton
1400:
1102:Adam Orleton
1090:
1064:
1041:
1022:
995:
978:
974:
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951:
927:
905:. Retrieved
893:
880:
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860:. Retrieved
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722:
706:. Retrieved
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565:, pp.424-446
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230:
214:John Peckham
207:
198:John Peckham
195:
172:
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135:
131:
130:
102:7 March 1283
99:Consecration
78:Adam Orleton
1804:1317 deaths
1748:John Oliver
1738:Mark Hodson
1703:James Atlay
1688:Edward Grey
1666:Late modern
1657:John Butler
1652:John Harley
1598:George Coke
1538:John Harley
1523:Edward Foxe
1371:Hugh Foliot
613:pp. 176–179
539:pp. 463-466
442:Imago Mundi
64:Predecessor
1793:Categories
1553:John Scory
1533:John Skypp
1096:1282–1317
1032:0521445590
708:26 October
688:1852851945
670:References
373:: Volume 8
233:Parliament
204:Episcopate
164:Swingfield
56:Term ended
1286:Æthelstan
1215:Wulfheard
1165:Torhthere
1014:39646815M
936:213820968
918:required)
698:"Bishops"
659:Birkholz
548:Birkholz
355:Citations
175:household
74:Successor
1761:(acting)
1260:Wulfhelm
1245:Cynemund
1230:Cuthwulf
1205:Ceolmund
1195:Aldberht
1170:Walhstod
953:Speculum
926:(1955).
622:Moorman
609:Moorman
598:Speculum
576:Speculum
563:Speculum
500:Coredon
469:Vauchez
444:: p. 140
411:Coredon
285:Synagoga
1381:Michael
1321:Reynelm
1296:Ealdred
1291:Leofgar
1255:Tidhelm
1240:Deorlaf
1225:Eadwulf
1160:Tyrhtel
907:5 March
862:5 March
729:5 March
291:Luxuria
187:diocese
183:prebend
48:Elected
1311:Gerard
1270:Athulf
1265:Ælfric
1220:Beonna
1190:Headda
1029:
1012:
1002:
934:
839:
820:
792:
765:
746:
685:
635:Capes
626:p. 205
526:p. 464
491:p. 250
473:p. 219
415:p. 225
216:, the
120:Buried
94:Orders
1316:Roger
1250:Edgar
1235:Mucel
1180:Podda
1155:Putta
948:(PDF)
647:Webb
552:p. 95
325:Notes
1210:Utel
1200:Esne
1185:Acca
1027:ISBN
1000:ISBN
932:OCLC
909:2009
881:XLVI
864:2009
837:ISBN
818:ISBN
790:ISBN
763:ISBN
744:ISBN
731:2009
710:2007
683:ISBN
347:for.
224:and
134:(or
112:Died
983:doi
962:doi
898:doi
782:doi
177:of
1795::
1063:.
1010:OL
1008:.
979:56
977:.
958:93
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854:.
788:.
721:.
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478:^
462:^
433:^
378:^
362:^
288:,
278:.
1607:)
1133:e
1126:t
1119:v
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691:.
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