191:
37:
712:
218:
420:
or Poem, which read (translated from French): "Strength from wisdom drawing, Robert Lord de
Clifford's mind is bent on his enemies' subjection. Through his mother his descent comes from that renowned Earl Marshal at Constantinople, said to have battled with a unicorn and struck the monster dead. All
473:, Clifford's cousin and heiress of the feudal barony of Clifford, which had descended in the female line from Clifford's great-great-uncle, Walter II de Clifford (d.1263), Margaret's maternal grandfather. Skipton Castle would later become the principal seat of the Clifford family until 1676.
449:, and in this capacity, he probably organised Edward II's coronation on 25 February 1308. On 12 March 1308, he was relieved of the marshalcy, the custodianship of Nottingham Castle, and of his Forest justiceship, but on 20 August 1308, he was appointed captain and chief guardian of
318:
As his father had predeceased his own father, in 1286, Robert inherited the estates of his grandfather, Roger I de
Clifford (d.1286). Following the death of his mother, Isabella de Vipont, in 1291, he inherited a one-half
346:
visited there. In 1308, Robert was granted the remaining moiety of the barony of
Appleby, by his childless aunt Idonea de Vipont (d.1333), and thus became one of the most powerful barons in England.
491:
Robert de
Clifford died fighting at the Battle of Bannockburn on 24 June 1314. He was killed in a cavalry charge against Scottish spearmen on the second and main day of battle.
863:
853:
848:
470:
433:("Constable of Appleby Castle"). After the death of King Edward I, in 1307, he was appointed counsellor to his son, King Edward II, together with
421:
the merits of his grandsire, Roger, still in Robert spring. Of no praise is he unworthy; wiser none was with the King. Honoured was his banner,
732:
727:
528:
168:
767:
515:
162:
66:
627:
586:, (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.194
838:
833:
442:
438:
858:
843:
434:
782:
696:
504:
640:
Howard de Walden, Lord, Some Feudal Lords and their Seals 1301, published 1903 reprinted 1984, image of seal p.31
522:
363:
299:
690:
477:
375:
339:
280:
180:
190:
534:
Margaret de
Clifford (b.1307), married as her second husband, Piers de Mauley, 5th Lord Mauley (1300–1355).
873:
425:. Were I maiden, heart and body I would yield to such noblesse!" Clifford was one of many who sealed the
256:
426:
291:
287:
195:
868:
387:
327:
248:
244:
664:
Sanders, I.J. English
Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327, Oxford, 1960, p.143
371:
544:
284:
104:
828:
823:
583:
359:
342:, in 1296, Brougham Castle became an important military base for Robert, and in 1300, King
8:
689:
409:
355:
343:
303:
744:
508:
485:
799:
757:
400:
395:
386:, being the first holder of this office. In 1298, he fought for King Edward I at the
28:
611:
466:
391:
367:
335:
272:
138:
87:
481:
454:
331:
236:
225:
203:
194:
Seal of Robert de
Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford (c.1274–1314) affixed to the
142:
134:
817:
723:
718:
649:
500:
446:
306:(died 1227/8). Thenceforth the Clifford family quartered the arms of Vipont:
276:
152:
113:
91:
469:, held until that date by Earl Henry de Lacy (1251–1311). Henry had married
789:
417:
320:
46:
240:
109:
548:
450:
260:
36:
717:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
462:
252:
217:
124:
408:
and summoned to
Parliament. He won great renown at the Siege of
569:
English
Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327
324:
295:
362:, Clifford was a prominent soldier. In 1296, he was sent with
394:
was defeated, for which he was rewarded with
Governorship of
45:, recorded by the heralds as having been borne by him in the
521:
Idoine (Idonia or Idonea) de Clifford (b. c.1303), married
405:
811:
13th and 14th-century English nobleman, sheriff, and baron
298:(died 1291), one of the two daughters and co-heiresses of
676:
Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland
445:. In the same year of 1307, the new King appointed him
654:, Oxford Online Dictionary of National Biography, 2004
616:, Oxford University Press, 15 March 1862, p. 220
543:
Clifford was killed on 24 June 1314 fighting at the
259:, responsible for defending the English border with
378:. During the reign of King Edward I, he was styled
484:, King Edward II's favourite, whom he besieged at
302:(died 1264), feudal baron of Appleby, grandson of
815:
429:, in the Latin text of which he is described as
198:, in the Latin text of which he is described as
416:) were recorded by the heralds on the famous
382:, and during the reign of King Edward II, as
736:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
431:Robertus de Clifford, Castellanus de Appelby
200:Robertus de Clifford, Castellanus de Appelby
864:English deaths at the Battle of Bannockburn
854:People of the Wars of Scottish Independence
849:English military personnel killed in action
700:. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
579:
577:
678:. Edinburgh University Press. p. 226.
35:
529:Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford
233:Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford
169:Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford
722:
574:
516:Roger de Clifford, 2nd Baron de Clifford
499:In 1295, at Clifford Castle, he married
494:
478:Thomas Crouchback, 2nd Earl of Lancaster
354:During the reigns of the English Kings,
216:
189:
163:Roger de Clifford, 2nd Baron de Clifford
67:Roger de Clifford, 2nd Baron de Clifford
480:, he took part in the movement against
412:, in 1300, during which his armorials (
816:
673:
453:. In 1310, King Edward II granted him
210:("Seal of Robert de Clifford"). Arms:
571:, Oxford, 1960, pp. 35-6, '"Clifford"
652:Robert Clifford, first Lord Clifford
606:
604:
423:checky gold and blue, a scarlet fess
370:who asked for terms of surrender at
538:
461:, being given the feudal barony of
283:(died 1282), himself a grandson of
13:
435:Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln
414:Chequy or and azure, a fesse gules
235:(1 April 1274 – 24 June 1314), of
212:Chequy or and azure, a fesse gules
166:Idonia de Clifford, Baroness Percy
43:Chequy or and azure, a fesse gules
14:
885:
601:
511:. By Maud, he had four children:
172:Margaret de Clifford, Lady Mauley
710:
697:Dictionary of National Biography
505:Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond
682:
523:Henry de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy
427:1301 Barons' Letter to the Pope
364:Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy
313:
196:1301 Barons' Letter to the Pope
674:Barrow, Geoffrey W.S. (1988).
667:
658:
643:
634:
620:
589:
561:
1:
839:14th-century English nobility
834:13th-century English nobility
554:
340:Wars of Scottish Independence
338:. During the outbreak of the
208:S(igillum) Roberti de Cliford
859:High sheriffs of Westmorland
228:, seat of Robert de Clifford
7:
691:"Clifford, Robert de"
628:"The Siege of Caerlaverock"
10:
890:
398:. In 1299, he was created
384:Lord Warden of the Marches
330:in Westmorland, including
266:
257:Lord Warden of the Marches
103:24 June 1314 (Died at the
844:People from Herefordshire
796:
787:
779:
774:
764:
755:
750:
743:
349:
176:
158:
148:
130:
120:
99:
80:
72:
62:
54:
34:
27:
20:
374:. He was then appointed
328:feudal barony of Appleby
292:feudal baron of Clifford
733:Encyclopædia Britannica
476:In 1312, together with
255:soldier who became 1st
249:feudal baron of Skipton
245:feudal baron of Appleby
224:, 12th century keep of
308:Gules, six annulets or
229:
214:
545:Battle of Bannockburn
503:, eldest daughter of
495:Marriage and children
457:, and he was created
380:Warden of the Marches
304:Robert I de Vieuxpont
285:Walter II de Clifford
251:in Yorkshire, was an
220:
193:
105:Battle of Bannockburn
584:Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L.
531:(b. 5 November 1305)
518:(b. 21 January 1300)
376:Governor of Carlisle
630:. 14 February 2018.
410:Caerlaverock Castle
344:Edward I of England
300:Robert II de Vipont
58:1299 – 24 June 1314
874:Barons de Clifford
775:Political offices
745:Peerage of England
547:and was buried at
509:Juliana FitzGerald
486:Scarborough Castle
471:Margaret Longespée
447:Marshal of England
296:Isabella de Vipont
230:
215:
184:Isabella de Vipont
41:Arms of Clifford:
22:Robert de Clifford
806:
805:
800:Nicholas Seagrave
797:Succeeded by
768:Roger de Clifford
765:Succeeded by
758:Baron de Clifford
650:Henry Summerson,
613:Notes and Queries
595:Sanders, p. 104,
551:in Westmoreland.
418:Caerlaverock Roll
401:Baron de Clifford
396:Nottingham Castle
388:Battle of Falkirk
323:of the extensive
281:Roger de Clifford
188:
187:
181:Roger de Clifford
47:Caerlaverock Roll
29:Baron de Clifford
881:
780:Preceded by
741:
740:
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632:
631:
624:
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608:
599:
593:
587:
581:
572:
565:
539:Death and burial
443:Earl of Pembroke
95:
39:
18:
17:
889:
888:
884:
883:
882:
880:
879:
878:
869:Clifford family
814:
813:
812:
808:
802:
793:
785:
770:
761:
726:, ed. (1911). "
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709:
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594:
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582:
575:
567:Sanders, I.J.,
566:
562:
557:
541:
497:
459:Lord of Skipton
439:Earl of Warwick
392:William Wallace
352:
336:Brougham Castle
316:
273:Clifford Castle
271:He was born at
269:
202:("Constable of
183:
171:
167:
165:
141:
139:Brougham Castle
137:
108:
88:Clifford Castle
86:
85:
76:Lord of Skipton
50:
23:
12:
11:
5:
887:
877:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
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846:
841:
836:
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798:
795:
786:
781:
777:
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772:
771:
766:
763:
754:
748:
747:
739:
738:
724:Chisholm, Hugh
704:
703:
681:
666:
657:
642:
633:
619:
600:
588:
573:
559:
558:
556:
553:
540:
537:
536:
535:
532:
526:
519:
496:
493:
482:Piers Gaveston
455:Skipton Castle
351:
348:
332:Appleby Castle
315:
312:
294:, by his wife
268:
265:
237:Appleby Castle
226:Appleby Castle
222:Caesar's Tower
204:Appleby Castle
186:
185:
178:
174:
173:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
143:Skipton Castle
135:Appleby Castle
132:
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97:
96:
82:
78:
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74:
70:
69:
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56:
52:
51:
40:
32:
31:
25:
24:
21:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
886:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
819:
809:
801:
792:
791:
784:
778:
773:
769:
760:
759:
753:
749:
746:
742:
735:
734:
729:
725:
720:
719:public domain
708:
707:
699:
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692:
685:
677:
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655:
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629:
623:
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578:
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560:
552:
550:
546:
533:
530:
527:
524:
520:
517:
514:
513:
512:
510:
506:
502:
501:Maud de Clare
492:
489:
487:
483:
479:
474:
472:
468:
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460:
456:
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448:
444:
440:
436:
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428:
424:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
366:to quell the
365:
361:
357:
347:
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341:
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333:
329:
326:
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311:
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278:
277:Herefordshire
274:
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213:
209:
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197:
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182:
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164:
161:
157:
154:
153:Maud de Clare
151:
147:
144:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
123:
119:
115:
114:Stirlingshire
111:
106:
102:
98:
93:
92:Herefordshire
89:
83:
79:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
26:
19:
16:
807:
790:Lord Marshal
788:
756:
752:New creation
751:
731:
695:
684:
675:
669:
660:
651:
645:
636:
622:
612:
596:
591:
568:
563:
542:
498:
490:
475:
458:
430:
422:
413:
399:
383:
379:
353:
317:
314:Inheritances
307:
270:
232:
231:
221:
211:
207:
206:"). Legend:
199:
84:1 April 1274
73:Other titles
42:
15:
829:1314 deaths
824:1274 births
783:Roger Bigod
390:, in which
288:(died 1221)
279:, a son of
241:Westmorland
121:Nationality
116:, Scotland.
110:Bannockburn
818:Categories
794:1307–1308
762:1299–1314
555:References
549:Shap Abbey
441:, and the
94:, England.
467:Yorkshire
360:Edward II
149:Spouse(s)
131:Residence
63:Successor
728:Clifford
451:Scotland
356:Edward I
261:Scotland
721::
597:Appleby
463:Skipton
267:Origins
253:English
177:Parents
125:English
49:of 1300
715:
437:, the
372:Irvine
350:Career
325:Vipont
321:moiety
55:Tenure
368:Scots
159:Issue
507:and
406:writ
358:and
334:and
247:and
100:Died
81:Born
730:".
465:in
404:by
820::
694:.
603:^
576:^
488:.
310:.
290:,
275:,
263:.
243:,
239:,
112:,
90:,
525:.
107:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
